Cholera the infection and related pandemics.
Cholera is considered as a gastro-intestinal disease. An acute, secretory diarrhea caused by infection with Vibrio cholerae of the O1 and O139 serogroups. This bacterium is transmitted via contaminated food or water that has come in contact with fecal matter of the infected person. In some severe form, cholera can […]
Prophylactic use of antimicrobials – a debatable issue
An ancient and quiet honourable practise has been the use of preventive medicine. For example, the ancient Chinese use to pay their doctors while they remained healthy, however as soon as they felt sick this payment would not be given. The effectiveness of antibiotics as a prophylactic means for protecting […]
ANTI-CELL WALL ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
Selective toxicity is the important characteristic of antimicrobial drugs which means that any drug is selective against a particular microorganism and also selectively act on a particular site. Not all drugs can act on every site. There are many sites at which any drug acts such as cell wall, cell […]
GRAM STAINING
Bacteria can be classified into two different categories i.e. gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. To differentiate the type of bacteria present in any collected sample there is a technique known as GRAM STAINING OR GRAM STAIN. It is sometimes also known as gram’s method. This technique is a different step […]
VIRUS AND ITS TRANSMISSION
WHAT IS A VIRUS?????A virus is referred as an infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism i.e. a virus is something which can not at all grow or replicate by its own. It always needs a living cell for its replication process. It is […]
GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICES AND BIO-SAFETY METHODS
When you arrive the laboratory, the first thing is that you must wash your hands with a disinfectant soap for your immediate sanitization. Eating anything in the laboratory area and smoking is strictly prohibited. Do not put anything in your mouth such as pencils, labels, or fingers. Do not store […]
MECHANISM OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANTIBIOTICS
Antibacterial Drugs are classified according to their site of action which are as follows : CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORSThere are 3 different mechanisms by which anti-cell wall drugs work and thus they are also classified as following: First classification involves the drugs that directly interact with Penicillin-Binding-Proteins (PBPs) and inhibit […]
TYPHOID FEVER AND IT’S SYMPTOMS
Typhoid Fever or Typhoid is a systemic enteric infection caused by bacteria usually through ingestion of contaminated food or water. The disease is also referred by several other names such as Gastric Fever, Enteric Fever, Abdominal Typhus, Infantile Remittent Fever, Slow Fever, Nervous Fever, and Pythogenic Fever. The disease causes […]
BASICS OF A MICROBIOLOGY LAB
Microbiology is the study of microbes i.e. the organisms which we can’t see with the naked eyes. Although many microorganisms are beneficial for the human use, some are pathogenic also which causes diseases. Clinical Microbiological Laboratory is concerned with finding of those infectious, pathogenic microbes. MATERIALS USED IN MICROBIOLOGY LABLaminar […]
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