Short Essay on ‘Raja Ram Mohan Roy’ (155 Words)

‘Raja Ram Mohan Roy’ was born on 22nd May, 1772 in the village Radhanagar, Hooghly, Bengal, India. His father was Ramkanto Roy, who was a Vaishnavite. His mother’s name was Tarini. Raja Ram Mohan Roy took his higher education at Patna, India. He had learnt several languages as Bangla, Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit only by the age of fifteen.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was against idol worship. After differences with his father, he left the house. Raja Ram Mohan Roy wandered around Himalayas and went to Tibet. He went to Varanasi and studied the Vedas, the Upnishads and Hindu philosphy deeply. He passed away on 27th September, 1833.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the founder of ‘Brahmo Samaj’. He is known as the ‘Maker of Modern India’. He played a major role in abolishing the role of Sati. He was a great scholar and an independent thinker. He was given the title ‘Raja’ by the Mughal Emperor Akbar.

‘National Women’s Day: 13 February’ in India (225 Words)

In India ‘National Women’s Day’ is celebrated on 13th February every year. It is the birthday of Sarojini Naidu. Sarojini Naidu was born on 13th February 1879 in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sarojini Naidu was also known as the ‘Nightingale of India’. This great leader and freedom fighter used to write poems and also sing very well. Sarojini Naidu began writing poems in English while she was still in school. She became a member of the Royal Literary Society London. She also became the President of the Indian National Congress. Sarojini Naidu took active part in the Civil Disobedience Movement, Satyagraha Movement and the Quit India Movement. She was also sent to jail several times. She was the first Indian woman to become the President of the Indian National Congress. She was also the first Indian woman to become Governor of any State (Uttar Pradesh) in India. She has left a great name for herself in the History of India. Her birthday is celebrated as ‘National Women’s Day’ in India.

National Women’s Day in India is marked as general celebration of respect, appreciation and love towards women. On this day many events are held by women’s groups around the country. It is customary for men to give the women in their lives – mothers, wives, girlfriends, daughters, colleagues, etc. – flowers and gifts on this day.

Short Essay on ‘Mihir Sen’ (138 words)

‘Mihir Sen’ was born on 16th November, 1930 in Purulia, West Bengal, India. His father’s name was Ramesh Sen, who was a physician. His mother’s name was Lilabati. Mihir Sen went on to graduate with a degree in law from the local Utkal University.

Mihir Sen was an Indian swimmer, best known for being the first Asian to swim the English Channel in 1958. He was the first Indian to swim the English Channel in a record time of 14 hours and 45 minutes. He was the first swimmer ever to have crossed the Palk Straits in 1966. He swam across seven seas in five continents. He passed away on 11 June 1997.

For his trend-sitting feats in long-distance swimming, Mihir Sen was conferred with the Padma Shri in 1956 and Padma Bhushan in 1967 by the Government of India.

Short Essay on ‘Nelson Mandela’ (294 Words)

‘Nelson Mandela’ was born on July 18th, 1918 in the village of Mvezo in Umtata, then a part of South Africa’s Cape Province. His story symbolizes a lifestyle struggle against apartheid in South Africa. It was a terrible form of institutionalized racism that held the South African society in it’s grip for a long time. It was not easy for Mandela to fight against it, as he too was among those who were oppressed by the system.

Before becoming actively involved in the anti-apartheid struggle, Mandela survived many years of his life as a subject of colonialism. As a child in Africa, Mandela was a victim of the European colonial project which involved ‘civilizing’ indigenous communities by silencing African ways of life in favour of a Euro-centric culture.

In the early 1960’s, Mandela was imprisoned for his stand against the racist laws of the government. He stayed in prison for nearly three decades but refused to compromise his position, which was to fight for justice and equality for all people.

A courageous and uncompromising hero, Mandela was a man of principles, strength and integrity. In 1994, he led the country to the end of apartheid and was elected the first black president of South Africa. He served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. After he retired from public life, Mandela continued to embody the hopes and dreams of a free and equal world. He died on December 5th, 2013 at the age of 95 at Johannesburg, South Africa.

Nelson Mandela received more than 250 honours, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Soviet Order of Lenin and the Bharat Ratna. Today, Nelson Mandela, popularly known as ‘Madiba’ in South Africa, is a household name all over the world.

‘Letter to your ailing mother inquiring about her health’

Management Boys Hostel
Carol Bagh
New Delhi

January 11, 2014

Dear Mom,

I just came to know from brother that you are not well. I really got worried on hearing this. I wanted to visit you but due to my examinations I am unable to come home. However you keep following the doctor’s instructions and take all the medicines on time. I am sure that you will get well soon.

Pay my regards to father and love to brother.

Yours loving son

‘Application to the Principal of your school asking him or her to excuse you from attending the school assembly

13, Chanakyapuri,
Lucknow

January 11, 2014

The Principal
Central Academy,
Indira Nagar,
Lucknow

Subject: Application for seeking excuse from attending the school assembly

Respected Ma’am,

With due respect and regards, I beg to state that I have been feeling unwell for over an hour, so I cannot attend the assembly today.

Please permit me to stay in the class during the assembly.

Thanking You.

Yours sincerely
XXX
Class- VIII-A

‘Letter to a publisher for ordering some books’

House Number- XXX,
Indira Nagar,
Lucknow

January 11, 2014

The Publisher
YMGA Library Building
1 Jai Singh Road
New Delhi

Subject: Placing an order for some books

Dear Sir,

I, hereby, place an order for the supply of the following books to me. Please ensure that the books are in good condition:

(i) Oxford Pathways Coursebook- VIII
(ii) Oxford Pathways Workbook- VIII
(iii) Excellence in Mathematics- VIII
(iv) Learning Elementary Science- VIII

I am enclosing a cheque of Rs. 500. The final amount will be settled after receipt of the books.

Thanking You.

Yours faithfully

XXX

‘Letter to your younger brother asking him to take precautions from junk food’

Paradise Boys’ Hostel

M.G. Marg,

Noida

12 January, 2014

Dear Shivam,

Yesterday I called mother and she told me that your weight is increasing day by day. I really got worried about you as I know that you are very fond of junk food. Though they taste very good but they are very harmful for our body. I would suggest that you take more and more green vegetables and salad as it is very nutritious and will help you to loose your excessive fat.

I am enclosing a CD with the letter so that you can see the harmful effects of eating junk food and also the exercises which will help you in loosing your weight.

Yours loving brother

XXX

Short Article on \’Judiciary vs. Media\’ (250 Words)

The reach of the media, in the present times of 24-hour channels, is to almost every nook and corner of the world. Further, large number of people believe as correct that which appears in media, print or electronic. It is also necessary to always bear in mind that the judiciary is the last resort of redressal for resolution of disputes between State and the subject, and high and low.

The confidence of the people in the institution of judiciary is necessary to be preserved at any cost. That is its main asset. Loss of confidence in institution of judiciary would be end of rule of law. Therefore, any act which has such tendency deserves to be firmly curbed. For rule of law and orderly society, a free responsible press and independent judiciary are both indispensable. Both have to be, therefore, protected.

The judgments of courts are public documents and can be commented upon, analysed and criticized, but it has to be in dignified manner without attributing motives. Before placing before public, whether on print or electronic media, all concerned have to see whether any such criticism has crossed the limits as aforesaid and if it has, then resist every temptation to make it public.

In every case, it would be no answer to plead that publication, publisher, editor or other concerned did not know or it was done in haste. Some mechanism may have to be devised to check the publication which has the tendency to undermine the institution of judiciary.

Short Article on \’Judiciary vs. Media\’ (250 Words)

Short Paragraph on \’Thermos Flask\’ (175 Words)

The \’Thermos Flask\’ is a flask in which loss or gain of heat through conduction, convection and radiation has been reduced to a minimum. It is used for keeping a hot liquid hot and a cold liquid cold for a good length of time. The thermos flask consists of a double-walled glass flask placed on a spring within a metal casing, its mouth being closed by a cork stopper. The space between the walls is evacuated. The outer side of the inner wall and the inner side of the outer wall are silvered. The space between the vessel and the metal case is packed with felt or cork. The vaccum between the two walls of the glass bottle and the felt pad between the bottle and the metal case prevents the flow of heat due to conduction and convection. The silvered surface facing each other reduce radiation and absorption of heat to a minimum. Hence, heat can neither pass from the bottle to outside nor from outside into the bottle. Thus, a hot liquid placed in the bottle will remain hot and cold liquid cold for a sufficiently long time.

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