Worst incidents of 2020 till date!!!

2020 is probably the year of histories to be created and to taught in the coming decades that how intelligent and cruel are the humans!!!

There is the series of bad events on it self starting of the year…again and again humans are proved that the level of damage can be upmost by them. We are taking ourselves to the path of destruction which might not have any end. Let us see what are the events that give us hint that 2020 will be written in history.

1- Australian forest fire

Australia encounters fires almost every year but this time it gave a new signal. Over 1 billion animals are believed to be dead and an estimated 2,000 homes were lost, the overall damage and economic losses would reach 100 billion US$.

brown open field — Photo by Matthis Volquardsen on Pexels.com

2- Flood in Jakarta- Indonesia

In Indonesia, flooding is common particularly during the rainy season of October-April, but this particular flood occurred in January and killed almost 70 people on Sulawesi Island and hundreds of people were displaced by heavy rain in West Java.

man pouring water from dipper on blue and grey house — Photo by hitesh choudhary on Pexels.com

3- Riots in Delhi

Riots in Delhi was based on anti-CAA protest in which violence, property destruction and also rioting that killed 53 people, most of whom were Muslims shot, slashed with kicks and set on fire by Hindu mobs in North East Delhi.

Image source: This week

4- The Pandemic- COVID-19

This is the worst situation till date of 2020 a 2 gm virus( research says that total molecules of corona virus from all over the world would weigh 2 gm i.e. equal to a coin weigh) it almost broke the economic condition of every country in the world.

5- Olympics & IPL- 2 biggest event of world brought to halt.

Due to COVID-19 outbreak 2 most popular event were called off which was very disappointing for the players as well as their supporter.

6- Brutal killing of Saints

This incident took place in Palghar were people of village mysteriously attacked the van on saints which was heading towards their senior saints funeral program. People on investigation said that they were informed that this van contain corona virus patient, it was more worse when police also joined people in this attack.

Man-Lynched

Image source: Siasat.com

7- Gas leakage- Visakhapatnam

This was a major gas leak in LG polymers chemical plant in Visakhapatnam which killed 11 people, 800 were hospitalized and many more faced issues like headache, ill, vomiting etc.

Image source: The Hindu

8- Justice for Blacks

The conflict raised when George Floyd, 46, died on May 25, after a video showing a white Minneapolis police officer kneeling on his neck for almost 9 minutes.

crowd of protesters holding signs — Photo by Josh Hild on Pexels.com

9- Indian cinema lost 2 gems

Bollywood lost 2 precious gems Irfan Khan an Rishi Kapoor. Actor Irfan Khan were facing problem related to Neuroendocrine tumor which became the reason for his death where as on the other hand actor Rishi Kapoor died by Leukemia.

10- Brutal death of a pregnant Elephant- Kerala

This incident took place in Velliyar River in Kerela where a pregnant elephant came in search of food where local offered a pineapple loaded with fire cracker which exploded in her mouth, doctors tried to save her but unfortunately couldn’t save. Suspect was arrested by forest officials and was interrogated. This shows how cruel has mankind became over the years.

Image source: Facebook

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What should be the main concern? Corona or Unemployment

What is the main reason behind our fear? Is it media, or the public fear or any other reason. We are making our opinions based on the information conveyed to us. Who takes the responsibility that information conveyed is correct? It is basically the incomplete information which we are receiving on the daily basis. Once we get the clear understanding that what is actually happening around us then this may happen that our fear is reduced a bit. Current scenario says that we have around 2,00,000 cases in India, more than 5000 people are dead, out of 40 lakh people being tested. The most important thing to understand is that what is the role of testing and what is the connection of the fear with it? If the question is asked to someone that what is the reason behind his/her fear? The answer would be because of the number of deaths. It must be noted that the death rate is 3% which means the ratio is 3:100. Is it true?

The population of India is 135 crore. Out of 135 crore people, testing is done only of 40 lakh people which is not even 1%. So out of 40 lakh people being tested, 2,00,000 cases are found positive. So, in this way the calculation went wrong. Each one of us is focusing upon the number of deaths and number of positive cases emerging on the daily basis. But, no one is noticing that these cases are growing as the number of tests are increasing so there arises a need that the actual death rate needs to be calculated. Thus, the decision should be made on that basis.

We do not need to under-report the number of deaths. Instead over-reporting can be done. People in India die in accidents more than they are dying due to Corona. We are actually setting up only the mathematical modelling of the figures. We don’t have the correct information conveyed to us. If the death rate is 0.01 % then why are we scared. Shouldn’t we be scared of other important things? Yes, unemployment should be our matter of concern. In one of the articles, it was mentioned that around 13 crore people are unemployed. We must be scared of this figure. It means that out of economic point of view, this 13 crore people would be spending in limit. Lacs of industries are already in trouble because their demands are getting reduced at the economic level. This will lead to the reduction of supply. Hence, unemployment would rise.

Everyone is trying to increase the fear among the people. Instead we must make efforts to remove the unemployment from the country and help the needy ones. The solution is that only the critical cases need to be tested. People having mild symptoms of Corona can be quarantined at home. Since, it is clearly analysed that it is nearly impossible to test the whole country then why the tests are increased on a daily basis? The death rate is less. So, reality is that we must focus more on the people who have lost their jobs in this pandemic.

REOPENING OF SCHOOLS

The pandemic of Coronavirus that has engulfed the globe has also motivated us to find solutions for living life with Coronavirus. Our life will not be the same as it was till Coronavirus is around and the medical fraternity comes up with certain medicine that would increase the chances of survival of the people. A nationwide debate has begun about the reopening of schools and educational institutions.

The lock down that commenced from March did not affect the academics as the majority of learning was already completed and only assessment was to be completed. Students could stay at home safely during the spread of the Coronavirus due to the timely closure of the educational institutes by the government.

The time has come when the new academic year is about to commence. The government and the educational stakeholders are in a fix over the methodology or concrete path to be followed for the reopening of the schools. What should be the guidelines to obviate the fear of all the stakeholders about economical aspects and above all safety of students.

The medical perspective has put forth two issues one is safety and protection of the students, teachers, and families, and the other is the prevention of the spread of disease through schools as a hub for the same. Students have a habit of socializing and they are at greater risk than those who will follow the medical guidelines in letter and spirit. It is a difficult task to ensure all the youngsters at schools and colleges following the guidelines on keeping themselves safe. India is a densely populated country and the cases of Corona infection are on rising day by day. Hence, a judicious and careful approach for the reopening of the schools is considered by the government by finding a novel approach to handle the situation.

Factually the corona infected cases are increasing in India and experts have been forecasting that the country may reach a peak in July. Keeping in view the aspect of the increase in the number of corona viruses infected patients by July would pose a different challenge to the government if it opens the schools. Parents association and some activists have already filed cases in the court of law for seeking a delay in the opening of schools.

Though in urban areas online classes are about to become a routine concept. The condition of rural areas in terms of online connectivity is a matter of concern, putting the rural students at a disadvantage. A thought over long term impact on students residing in remote areas and with no resources be also given.

The students can be called to school physically in the second half of the academic year, in the first half certain measures that would reduce the burden on students and the teachers can be initiated. Reduction in the syllabus is one such aspect. The planned conduct of online classes can help all to achieve concrete success in the first half.

The development of a vaccine is in progress and let us hope that we get the same soon. This is the time when we can redefine the education system and help the Education sector find a new beginning. We need to provide the best education to the students.

Corona Vaccine Update!!!

The situation in the world are very worse and so our hope for vaccine also. Scienticts are trying hard and hard to discover the vaccine. Scientist and pharma industry from all over the world are in danger in terms of health and wealth.

Here are some updates related to corona virus vaccine;

Moderna Therapeutics‘ invented mRNA-1273 vaccine prototypes which is heading towards success with high speed. The vaccine, is currently in its second phase of testing is more likely to be tested ahead on its third phase of clinical testing, Moderna therapeutics plans to involve about 30,000 participants between the ages of 18-55 and those who are at high risk of corona virus. If the trials are successful than it would be much relief for the people all around the world, by the time, Moderna promised to manufacture 100 million doses of the vaccine. The third phase of the testing is most likely to start in July.

Oxford University & AstraZeneca of Brazil which is worst affected country due to COVID-19 are jointly working to develop the corona virus vaccine. Once they tried to develop the vaccine but it failed in testing, now after much of research and time they again got hope and now they are soon ready to begin the trails on humans. To speed up the development of vaccine and minimizing the clinical trial time they are conducting both phase I and phase II trials at the same time.

Serum Institute of India (SII) India is also leading in development of vaccine it has already tested for 18-55 age but side effects were observed and is again under development and testing. If India is able to development the vaccine first than India will become super nation as India will show to world that still India can do better in health sector and obvious youth is also at great potential so, ultimately it will attract many of the MNCs to India.

Photo by cottonbro on Pexels.com

How can Start-ups and Businesses overcome the downturn because of COVID-19?

The COVID-19 has created a pandemonium for start-ups and businesses all around the world. Most of the start-ups and businesses are facing a downturn in their financial market. We know it’s a very hard time for all, and we all are trying very hard to survive through the pandemic. Most of the employees are in fear of losing their job security. The start-up entrepreneurs are afraid of not getting any proper upcoming projects. Every start-up enterprise and business are going through terrible times now, financially. The employees are trying to survive without pay. The economy of the country is degrading day by day.

Hence, we are here to see what can start-ups and businesses do to overcome the downturn because of COVID-19. If we have the will to make progress, we are surely going to overcome this pandemic. Even if the market is not as fast-paced as before, we still can develop the businesses financially. All we need to have is a proper strategy to make the progress happen, to survive COVID-19. Here is a list of strategies that start-ups and businesses can follow to overcome the downturn.

Strategies to overcome downturn due to COVID-1

Communicating with regular clients

Every business company or a start-up must have a regular set of clients. Try to communicate with your customers regularly. Even if the pandemic resists you from gaining any new project, you will still have your old clients. Try to keep your old client satisfied. You will get the support you need from regular clients.

Manage your team for new strategy plans

Your old strategies won’t be of any help now. You need new ideas to make new strategies. To have new ideas, you need a working team led by a strong leader. The leader has to make the team members understand how important it is to make strategies. If you want to overcome the financial loss your company has faced, you need to strategize everything.

Make small plans rather than bigger ones

Your only goal, for now, is to survive the pandemic with as low financial loss as possible. So, make smaller plans rather than long-term plans. You should have a plan for the upcoming month, rather than the year. Plan every day out and execute the plan meticulously.

Pay attention to investment

Now, you won’t have a lot of funding. Your company would already suffer heavy losses, due to a lack of new projects. Hence, try to keep the investment at a bare minimum. Don’t invest in huge projects at the moment. Look for smaller projects. In this way, you can save funds for your company. This is not the time to invest your money, because you have no idea what the future holds.

New ideas and methods

You need to understand what is important at the moment. You have to impress your clients, and for that, you need to bring in new ideas. You have to focus on the necessity rather than the exuberance. Every new idea has to be convenient and needed by the customers. There is no need for fancy ideas. It’s highly unlikely that a customer would be interested to invest in any fancy project. You have to modify your methods according to the need of the moment.

How to save your company from financial loss?

Financial loss is inevitable for any company in the current scenario. But you can save your company from becoming bankrupt. You have to make your employees work towards the satisfaction of the existing clients. The employees would get paid based on their work. You have to make a new rule for your employees, which would stay consistent until the company is back on track. Your employees would get paid for the amount of work they are going to produce. You need to plan out work for every employee you have. Even for a start-up company, you need to keep your employees as well as your clients happy. Your employees are the pillars of your company. In this way, you can satisfy both the clients and the employees. Apart from that, you have to make small teams of members, headed by one leader. Make them work on small projects. They would get paid based on every successful project they execute. In this way, your company won’t suffer from a lack of work. Also, your employees would get paid for executing the projects wonderfully.

The best way to overcome financial loss is to not invest huge amounts on any projects now. Take up small projects, which would be easier for the employees to finish, and also in time. Try to invest less as much as possible. Only invest in projects you think would be fruitful for your company at the moment.

How to make plans and strategies to overcome financial loss?

The focus should be on new plans and strategies, for a small amount of time. Once the pandemic ends, the situation of the company would improve for the better. Now, you need to focus on new plans. Have a team of members who would give you proper strategies regarding new projects. The projects have to go according to the strategized plan. Every project should be well planned and simple. All the employees have to keep in mind, that it is better to have simple plans to work on, rather than complicated ones.

Therefore, it is not hard for any start-up or business to overcome downturns. Your employees are your strength. You all can work together to keep your company out of financial loss and debt. You need to focus only on what is needed and how you can work together to develop for the better. Work with your employees and plan out the upcoming months properly to achieve success. Your company will progress if you execute the plans properly. The more united you are with your employees, the better it would be for the company.

Foundation Day of Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences

It gives me great joy to inaugurate the Twenty Fifth Foundation Day of this distinguished University. I congratulate the entire medical and scientific community associated with this University.

In these years,you are doing wonderful work in teaching as well as training on systems of medicine.

25 years means this University is in the prime of its youth. This is the age to think even bigger and do even better. I am confident that the University will continue to scale new heights of excellence in the times to come. I would also like to appreciate the efforts of the Karnataka Government in handling the Covid-19 situation. Friends, in normal times, the celebrations would have surely been bigger. Had it not been for the global pandemic, I would have loved to be with you all in Bengaluru to mark this special day.

But, today the world is facing one of the biggest crisis since the two world wars.Like the world changed pre and post-World Wars, the same way the pre and post Covid world will be different.

Friends, during such a time, the world is looking up to our doctors, nurses, medical staff and scientific community with hope and gratitude. The world seeks both care and cure from you.

Friends,at the root of India’s brave fight against Covid-19 is the hard-work of the medical community and our Corona warriors. In fact, doctors and medical workers are like soldiers, but without the soldiers’ uniform. The virus may be an invisible enemy,but our Corona warriors, medical workers are invincible. In the battle of Invisible versus Invincible,our medical workers are sure to win. Friends, earlier, the debates on globalisation have focused on economic issues. Now, the world must unite and focus on humanity centric aspects of development.

Advancements nations make in the health sector will matter more than ever before.Friends, during the last six years, we in India many initiativesin health-care and medical education.

We are broadly working on four pillars:

The first is – Preventive Healthcare. This includes the importance to Yoga, Ayurveda and general fitness. More than forty thousand wellness centreshave been openedwhere a key focus is on controlling life-style related diseases. The success of the Swacchh Bharat Mission is another key part of preventive healthcare.

The second is- Affordable Healthcare. Ayushman Bharat- the world’s largest healthcare scheme belongs to India. In less than two years, One crore people have benefitted from this scheme. Women and those staying in villages are among the major beneficiaries of this scheme.

The third pillar is- Improvements on the supply side. A nation like ours has to have proper medical infrastructure and medical education infrastructure. Work is under-way to ensure a medical college or post-graduate medical institute in every district of the country.

The country has seen rapid progress in setting up 22 more AIIMS. Over the last five years, we have been able to add over Thirty thousand seats in MBBSand fifteen thousand seats in post-graduation. This has been the largest increase in the five year term of any government since independence. The Medical Council of India has been replaced by a new National Medical Commission through an Act of the Parliament. This will go in a long way in improving the quality of medical education, bringing it at par with the international standards.

The fourth pillar is – Mission mode implementationA well-thought of idea on paper makes it only a good idea. And, a good idea well implemented makes it a great one. Hence, implementation is very crucial.

Here, I would like to highlight the success of India’s National Nutrition Mission that is helping youngsters and their Mothers. India is working twenty four by seven to eliminate TB by 2025. This is five years ahead of the global target of 2030. Mission Indradhanush has increased our rate of annual rise in vaccination coverage by four times. Friends, The Central government recently approved the introduction of a new law for expanding education of more than 50 different allied and healthcare professionals. This law, once passed, will address the shortage of para-medical personnel in the country. It will also help India in supplying skilled resources to other countries.

Friends, There are three things on which I would urge maximum discussion and participation.

One is – advances in tele-medicine. Can we think of new models that make tele-medicine popular on a larger scale.

The other is related to ‘Make in India’ in the health sector. The initial gains make me optimistic. Our domestic manufacturers have started production of PPEs and have supplied about 1 crore PPEs to Covid warriors. Similarly, we have supplied 1.2 crore ‘Make in India’ N-95 masks to all States.

Third is- IT related tools for healthier societies. I am sure you have the ArogyaSetu App on your Mobiles.12 crore health conscious people have downloaded it. This has been very helpful in the fight against Coronavirus.

Friends, I am aware of an area that is of great concern to you all. Due to a mob mentality, those working on the front-lines,those on duty be it doctors, nurses, Safai workers, others are subject to violence. I want to state it clearly – violence, abuse and rude behaviour is not acceptable. Steps have been taken to protect you against any form of violence. We have also provided an insurance cover of Rupees fifty lakhfor those on the front-line.

Friends,I am happy to see the fruitful journey of this University over last 25 years which has produced thousands of medical and para-medical personnel who are serving the poor and the needy in this challenging time. I am sure that the University will continue to produce health personnel of excellent quality and caliber that will make the State and the Country proud. Thank you. Thank you very much.

COVID19: CAN SURGICAL MASKS OR RESPIRATORS PREVENT CORONA VIRUS?

COVID19:
CAN SURGICAL MASKS OR RESPIRATORS PREVENT CORONA VIRUS ?

The world is suffering from the deadly infection of Coronavirus. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the infection as ‘pandemic’. The early symptoms of this deadly infection are high fever, shortness of breath, tiredness and dry cough. So, the entire world is under lockdown to break the chain of COVID-19 with certain precautionary steps is to be ensured. The contemporary ways to sanitize oneself is the 20 seconds formulae of hand wash or using disinfectant containing at least 60% alcohol, avoid touching surfaces and handshakes and no unnecessary contacts. The use of mask and covering face using napkin or elbow while coughing and disposing the napkin would add an added advantage.
We all know that sanitizer containing good quality alcohol can kill most of the germs, bacteria and viruses including fatal Coronavirus . In a research, it was found that the Coronavirus can survive for 3 days (72 hours approx.) on surfaces like steel or plastic.
Now , the question arises whether any face masks or covering mouth with any cloth helps to prevent Coronavirus from invading our body ?
Firstly, I want to let you know that no mask can provide 100% safety from Corona Virus. There are different types of masks available in market and most common of them are Surgical masks and Respirators.
They act as a barrier to prevent the foreign body from entering our body, but the main difference between them is that Surgical masks are used only to prevent dust particles or large particle droplets that enter through our nose or mouth while Respirators can prevent vapours, airborne microorganisms, fumes or particulate matter that enter through nose or mouth . But as we know that the virus can enter our body through eyes so the person wearing a spectacles or googles can help prevent Covid19 to enter body to some extent . As spectacles or googles are left open from its sides so virus can reach our eyes easily. Hence, it is advised to stay at home and take precautionary steps while stepping out of home. The frontline workers including police, media persons, essential service and sweepers wear face shield along with N95 masks to safeguard themselves.
Surgical masks are mostly used by people who are not into any essential services as these are not designed to protect the wearer from breathing in airborne bacteria or viruses. Coronavirus is smaller than the PM 2.5 cutoff but bigger than some regular dust particles and gases. These masks can be used by a person with weak immune system or suffering from chronic health diseases. Persons dealing with severe respiratory or breathing issues are more prone to get infected from coronavirus, hence it is advisable for the infected person to use face mask as well in order to protect others from getting infected. The use of masks is also recommended to healthy person from getting infected. Surgical masks are of three types-: 2-layered surgical mask , 3-layered surgical mask and 6-layered surgical mask
The protection also depends on the number of layer, more number of layers contribute more protection. A 3-layered mask is better than 2-layered masks, the cost of 3-layered mask is also higher than 2-layered mask. While the 6-layered masks are best till now as it can protect us from some of the viruses but cannot protect from SARS CoV-2 to enter the body This type of mask is loose-fitting and virus can easily enter through the opening sides. And one more drawback is that it is not having any particular side from which a person have to wear it. So as a human it’s common to make mistake and use different side to wear while reusing, keeping it anywhere after using can spread risk of virus at that particular place and without knowledge of its proper way of wearing help the virus to enter the body. Also, the outer layer of the mask consists of virus and accidental touching can lead to the novel coronavirus.
As mostly surgical masks tend to be disposable, it get wet due to water vapours generated during respiration, that means they need to be replaced with new mask or washable 6-layered mask, washing it with 60°C hot water with a disinfectant to kill the germs can help in reusing them.
Respirators are used by health professionals as they are having contact with infected person quite often. These are at a risk of getting contaminated by infected person that’s why they use it along with face shield to be more secure from the Coronavirus. N95 mask is most common respirator consisting of filters that can prevent 95% i.e 0.3 micron airborne particles. It is a type of mechanical filter respirator and is better than any type of surgical mask. Respirator is tight fitting and have no opening , it protects in a better way. It protects us from most of the viruses which enter from mouth or nose openings but still protects against SARS CoV-2 to small extent. When someone around us coughs or sneezes then the germs or droplets exhaled can stick on a person’s clothes or long hair especially in women, so the hair must be covered with a cloth while going out and changing clothes after coming back to home is recommended. For men too keeping a long bushy beard and facial hair are also prone to Corona virus so best way is to avoid going out or to keep short or no beard on face or clean it after every outside tour. It contains valve which releases unfiltered air when the wearer breathes out, hence the spread cannot be stopped just by using respirator.
So along with respirator, using a sanitizer is must, to clean our hands from time to time. A respirator cannot be reused and after a particular time period of usage it becomes difficult for us to breath through it and it indicates the time to replace or dispose after use. Most of the doctors and nurses who are curing the Corona patients use surgical masks, face shield, Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) kits and respirator to get best protection. No doubt, for full day wearing casuse skin irritation and problems especially in the summer season, discomfort due to sweat on the human body, but still to save life and to contribute the nation, the Corona Warriors are doing their best work to keep us safe during this crucial period.
Therefore, for the common people, the best way is isolation and social distancing. Mask is better than no mask. A common man must keep physical distance from everyone and use sanitizers to kill the microorganisms on hands and wrist. Infact if we apply some sanitizer over the mask before using then the germs which stick will be killed at the moment and the mask will be more risk free. And if a person is having any symptoms of COVID-19, then he much contact the health care team or can go to a hospital for checkup. As prevention is better than cure, all things must be kept in mind to fight this virus. If tested positive than he can get cured. Either the person has good immunity or should intake healthy foods for boosting immune system, for example, Citrus fruits, broccoli, garlic, ginger, spinach, curd and almonds are best immunity boosters, drinking plenty of normal water everyday also help in keeping our body fit. Immunity system helps in recovery.
If we, common people maintain social distancing and use just any cloth mask or scarf or just simple 3-layered or 6-layered, it is enough with respect to follow all precautionary measures then there will be no problem as such balefully.
That’s why Stay Home, Stay Safe, Stay Healthy & Stay Fit and the world will soon defeat this Coronavirus.

Sahaj Sabharwal
Jammu city, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Pincode -: 180001

Contact-:

Email-: sahajsabharwal12345@gmail.com

Phone -: +917780977469

https://www.sahajsabharwal.blogspot.com

NatGeo Film on Swachh Bharat Revolution gets Premiered Virtually

‘Wash your hands with soap and water frequently, clean frequently touched surfaces and objects’ are public health measures advised by experts to fight COVID-19. In short, a step towards cleanliness and personal hygiene are significant ways to win this pandemic. Government of India’s Swachh Bharat Mission has started working on these lines years before, even at grassroot levels, for the welfare of citizens across the country.

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was launched country-wide in 2014 with the target to eliminate open defecation and achieve better solid waste management in urban and rural India. What seemed impossible for the outer world was made easy by active participation of the people of India and their initiative in achieving this big feat.

SBM has become very crucial at this moment of the pandemic, reminding us all how sanitation and hygiene are crucial to prevent diseases. At the same time the passion with which every village and citizen has adorned this mission making it a people’s revolution is also a reminder that nothing is impossible if we the people fight together for a common cause.

After the launch of Swachh Bharat Mission, India’s face has transformed from a country with the highest number of people practising open defecation, to more than six lakh villages becoming Open Defecation Free (ODF). The pillars behind the success of this mission are its 6,50,000 volunteers, or Swachhagrahis, mostly the youth and women who promoted this at the village level, making it a people’s movement.

In order to document such a mass movement, National Geographic channel in collaboration with Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has come together to make a film titled ‘Swachh Bharat: India’s Sanitary Revolution’. The film has been premiered at a special screening for the President of India at Rashtrapati Bhawan in March this year. It has also been screened on the NatGeo channel. It is now available on YouTube channel of Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen, where it has been virtually premiered on May 27, 2020.

The film portrays not just the success of the mission but the struggles, fights and innovations involved in convincing rural India about the significance of using toilets. The Swachhagrahis or the ‘Ambassadors of cleanliness’, mostly women, share their journey in executing the mission at the ground level. How difficult was it for a housewife, a Swachhagrahi, to educate the villagers about personal and public hygiene? How did a group of school going kids who wanted their village to be ODF convince the elders to use toilets? What measures were taken by the government to make this a people’s movement? The film has answers to all these questions and even more.

The film is a reminder to every Indian and every community that the determination to work together will always lead us to success. Any mission undertaken by the people of the country will guarantee benefits not only to the individual or the society but to the nation as well.
Now, when every country is fighting together to protect its people from the pandemic, let’s take inspiration from India’s largest cleanliness drive that has changed the face of many villages and has brought smiles and good health to its people.

Let’s win this too!

Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat programme to be taken forward using innovative ways

It has been decided to take forward the Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat programme of the Government by using innovative ways in view of the prevailing conditions of COVID 19.

This was decided at a recent meeting of Secretaries via videoconferencing , of partner ministries under the Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat programme of the Government . The meeting was chairedby Secretary, Higher Education, M/o HRD, Shri Amit Khare. M/o HRD is the nodal ministry for the EBSB programme. The meeting was attended by Secretary, Tourism Shri Yogendra Tripathi; Secretary Culture, Shri Anand Kumar; Secretary Department of Youth Affairs, Smt Usha Sharma; Secretary, SE & L Smt Anita Karwal; CEO, MyGov Shri Abhishek Singh and senior officers of ministries of I & B, Railways, Home , Defence , Parliamentary Affairs and department of Sports.

Welcoming the participants, Shri Amit Khare briefed about the implementation of the programme so far, stressing on the need to have innovative ways to carry it forward in view of the prevailing conditions of COVID 19. Secretary D/o SEL, Smt. Anita Karwal also emphasized upon the need to show tangible outputs.

During the meeting a presentation was made on the progress of EBSB so far.

Speaking at the meeting, Secretary, Ministry of Tourism, Shri Yogendra Tripathi informed that institutions under Tourism ministry are organising webinars on various aspects of tourism. The ministry is doing a series of webinars under the series “Dekho Apna Desh”, being hosted on MyGov portal. These webinars are being attended by thousands of people. He also suggested that such webinars can be organised for tourism stake holders of different states such as Tour Operators etc. Secretary, Higher Education suggested that the recordings of “Dekho Apna Desh” and other webinars can be displayed on the educational channels and in breaks during online classes.

Secretary, Ministry of Culture, Shri Anand Kumar stated that they are also organising various webinars. He suggested all webinars of different Ministries should be brought under a common platform of Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat. He further suggested that e- programmes can be prepared on various topics such as writing dramas, paintings , virtual tours of monuments, etc He further informed that the Culture Ministry proposes to develop E- Heritagepedia and E- Artist pedia and also suggested that renowned artists can do virtual programme modules to teach their art. Secretary D/o SEL welcomed the idea and said that schools would be very interested in classes on indigenous art like Worli and Madhubani paintings.

Secretary, Department of Youth Affairs, Smt. Usha Sharma appreciated the use of digital medium for conducting the EBSB programmes. She said with this, the reach of these programmes can be enhanced greatly. She also suggested for sharing of digital material prepared by different departments. Secretary, HE suggested that the inputs may be collected from all the Ministries at a single platform. Secretary, D/O SEL suggested they could be hosted on a digital platform.

CEO, My Gov.in, Shri Abhishek Singh said that they are developing a mobile App for learning 100 sentences in different languages. He also said that MyGov can host webinars of various departments and also disseminate information about their programmes.

Joint Secretary, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Shri Vikram Sahai suggested that apart from the information of various states being shared through TV, Radio and Print Media, good practices and success stories of each state may also be shared with the partner states. He also suggested all departments can pool in their digital resources and DD News can use their weekly EBSB programme to host destination based programmes. JS (ICC), Ms Neeta Prasad suggested that each Ministry should share their future monthly action plan in advance with Ministry of Information & Broadcasting for wider coverage.

Executive Director, Ministry of Railways Smt. Vandana Bhatnagar, briefed about the steps taken by them for providing concessions to the students participating in various EBSB programmes and on displaying the logo, Video display etc on railways property. She said that these activities will be up taken afresh once regular movement of trains start.

The officers of Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs and Department of Sports briefed about the activities taken up prior to the lockdown period and activities proposed to be started.

At the end of the meeting, Secretary, HE summarised important actionable points as follows:

To move towards digital mediums for the carrying on the activities under EBSB by each participating Ministry/ Department.
To organise webinars on Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat themes for their wide dissemination.
To have a common repository for the Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat digital resources that can be used by every Ministry. This repository may be hosted on a common portal.

iv A revised communication plan needs to be made and Doordarshan’s 30 minute weekly programme on EBSB should be destination based with inputs from all ministries

Ultraviolet Disinfection Facilities Developed AT Western Naval Command

As we look at partial and eventually complete lifting of lockdown, queries are already being posed as to what the “new normal” will be, especially for large production organisations like Dockyards and other naval establishments, where a sizeable number of workers will resume work post lifting of lockdown and these numbers are expected to gradually increase. This led to the strong need for a sanitisation facility for worker’s coveralls, tools, personal gadgets and masks.

Naval Dockyard (Mumbai) has manufactured a UV sanitisation bay to meet this emerging requirement. The UV bay will be utilised for decontamination of tools, clothes and other miscellaneous items, to control spread of the coronavirus. The challenging task required ingenuity to convert a large common room into a UV bay by fabrication of aluminum sheets electrical arrangements for UV-C lighting.

The facility utilises UV-C light source for Germicidal Irradiation towards sterilising items. Studies by reputed research agencies have proven the effect of UV-C on respiratory pathogens like SARS, Influenza etc. It has been observed that microbial pathogens become significantly less viable when exposed to UV-C of intensity 1 J/cm2 for 1 min or more, indicating effective sterilisation.

A similar facility has also been set up at Naval Station (Karanja), where in addition to UV-C steriliser, an industrial oven has also been placed, which heats smaller sized belongings to 60°C, a temperature known to kill most microbes.

The facility is placed at the entry/ exit points where it will help in mitigating COVID-19 transmission.

COVID-19 in North Eastern Region

Senior Member of “National Commission for Women” (NCW), Mrs Soso Shaiza today met Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER), MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space, Dr Jitendra Singh and discussed COVID related issues, particularly in the context of the North Eastern Region.

Mrs Shaiza conveyed her appreciation for Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi for all the precautionary measures taken in time to contain the spread of COVID pandemic. She also expressed confidence that India will be able to overcome this challenge.

Briefing about the activities during the current pandemic, Mrs Shaiza informed Dr Jitendra Singh about the services rendered in the wake of the nationwide lockdown, particularly in helping the people from North Eastern Region living in different parts of the country. She also presented to the Minister a broad road map about how to vocationally engage young boys and girls returning back to Northeast who are particularly skilled in certain specialised jobs.

Dr Jitendra Singh appreciated the role, particularly by women Self Help Groups, during the last few weeks of the pandemic. He said, women in the North East had taken a lead in preparing several items during the lockdown period. He made a special mention of the face covers being prepared by the Self Help Groups in a wide variety and fancy designs, which are fast gaining popularity all over the country.

Dr Jitendra Singh also informed the Member of National Commission for Women about the various steps taken by Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) in the wake of COVID pandemic. He said, the Ministry of DoNER had offered to financially assist and expeditiously process proposals from North Eastern States related to the health sector, especially for management of COVID and other infectious diseases. Appreciating the role of various State governments of the North Eastern Region, Dr Jitendra Singh assured Mrs Soso Shazia that every care is being taken for comfortable return and sustenance of people coming back from different parts of the country.

INSIDERS OF CORONAVIRUS

By- Garima Yadav

The establishment of lockdown in India is a big step to fight against the coronavirus. Every day the no. of deaths and patients are increasing even after the imposition of lockdown but is this what a general public demanding? The ratio is vast between the poor and the rich and each one is facing problems in their own life. But the real problem is being faced by the minorities and the those poor people who earn daily wages to live their life but the lockdown has emerged the surviving issues for them other than just the virus. These people have the shortage of money, lifestyle, facilities and every basic need which is most important in the current situation. According to doctor it is very necessary to wash our hands regularly with soap and clean water but these minorities lack every necessity. They don’t have clean water running through their taps 24/7 nor a proper house to live in so how will these people be saved from this situation?

Government has made it so strict that every corner, every border, every highway is locked down with police in charge. There are no proper facilities available for these people to survive through this situation which will lead them to being one of the victims from this corona virus. Recently the lockdown has been extended till May 3rd and this had led the labourers of take a step out of their house. Recently a large group of migrant workers in Mumbai gathered in the streets of Bandra demanding for the permission to move to their native places because living this long is becoming harder for them each day and all they want is to back to their family and at least live the rest of the days with them, they are being helpless right now with no earnings and every day is a challenge for them. Not just in Bandra but also the workers from Ahmedabad and Surat have took the same step.

Currently they are just demanding for some transportation support from the prime minister, that’s all they need. Luckily the exportation of goods and transportation are being considered by the home minister to control the situation of living.

Day of Prayer

Our governor has declared today, March 29, to be a special day of prayer for our state and for our nation, particularly in regard to the current virus pandemic. In response, I offer three timely prayers as written in The Lutheran Hymnal (published in 1941). I considered modernizing the pronouns and verbs, but chose to leave them as written.

Prayer for the sick: “Almighty, everlasting God, the eternal Salvation of them that believe, hear our prayers in behalf of Thy servants who are sick, for whom we implore the aid of Thy mercy, that, being restored to health, they may render thanks to Thee in Thy Church; through Jesus Christ, Thy Son, our Lord.”

A second prayer for the sick: “O Lord, look down from heaven, behold, visit, and relieve Thy servants for whom we offer our supplications; look upon them with the eyes of Thy mercy; give them comfort and sure confidence in Thee, defend them from the danger of the enemy, and keep them in perpetual peace and safety; through Jesus Christ, Thy Son, our Lord.”

This third prayer might spark some thought and conversation: In time of great sickness: “Almighty and most merciful God, our heavenly Father, we, Thine erring children, humbly confess unto Thee that we have justly deserved the chastening which for our sins Thou hast sent upon us; but we entreat Thee, of Thy boundless goodness to grant us true repentance, graciously to forgive our sins, to remove from us, or to lighten, our merited punishment, and so to strengthen us by Thy grace that as obedient children we may be subject to Thy will and bear our afflictions in patience; through Jesus Christ, Thy Son, our Lord.”

I posted these on Facebook an hour ago. It will be interesting to gauge the reactions. J.

“Work from Home (WFH)”popular in India after Coronavirus/COVID-19

Before discussing impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) to implement the concept of ‘Work from Home” in India few lines about the virus may be highlighted from the website of WHO, (www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus), “Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face”.

The COVID-19 which has created human devastation in the world has popularised a theory in secondary and tertiary sectors (in case of wage-employment) known as “Work from Home (WFH)” now a popular concept in India also. It was at low ebb in India, albeit, from ancient age handloom and handicrafts works, earthen utensils making, etc. were carrying out from home for business purpose indicating “Work from Home”, but these were self –employment. In case of wage employment, the concept is comparatively new and getting popularity. For example, according to US census data, 5.7 percent of workers in the US were working from home in 2017 which was around 8 million persons. The same was 5 percent in 2016 and 3.3 percent in 2000. In USA, apart from some industries, viz., construction, primary health care and transportation, working from home has been able to flourish. This is mainly due to the advent and rise of increasingly efficient technology. Anyway, in India, to reduce the spread COVID-19, first schools and malls were closed and then many establishments asked employees to “Work from Home” wherever possible. Few data and facts to substantiate the statement are presented here collected from different websites.

Volvo Car, India and Tata Motors have announced work from home as a safety measure for its employees due to the rising number of coronavirus infections in India. In wake of the coronavirus pandemic, U.S. auto Ford has asked 10,000 employees in India, except those in business-critical roles, to work from home, a step which has also been taken up by Swedish luxury car maker Volvo.

Also the Economic Times, March 23, 2020 reported that “about half of India’s technology workers – estimated at 3 million – have already begun to work from home as social distancing becomes key to contain the spread of the outbreak. If employees continue to work from home for a few more months, IT companies are likely to conclude that 20-30% of their workforce can operate remotely”. Also it was reported that Tata Consultancy Services “has asked more than 40 percent of its employees to work from home. Accenture has moved over 60 percent of its employees to work from home in India and the Philippines”. Another case “Work from Home” is from a prestigious academic organisation located in Hyderabad known as the National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRD&PR), which is an autonomous organisation under the Union Ministry of Rural Development, is a premier national centre of excellence in rural development and Panchayati Raj. Recognized internationally as one of the UN-ESCAP Centres of Excellence, it builds capacities of rural development functionaries, elected representatives of PRIs, bankers, NGOs and other stakeholders through inter-related activities of training, research and consultancy. The NIRD&PR celebrated its Golden Jubilee Year of establishment in 2008. In addition to the main campus at Hyderabad, the Institute has North-Eastern Regional Centre at Guwahati, Assam to meet the NE-regional needs. This Organisation for the safety of its employees in view of outbreak of COVlD-19 has implemented “Work from Home” for the staffs, including consultants, contract, and outsourced employees up to, 31 March, 2020. However, the essential staffs viz., CMU (includes Electrical section, House Keeping, Water Supply, Sanitary Section etc), Health Centre, Garden section, Vehicle section, Security etc. are obligated to work on daily roster basis. “The Heads of each of the support units (Executive Engineer, Lady Medical Officer, Garden Superintendent, Multi-Tasking Staff, and Security Officer) will design a roster for the essential services”. It was reported that first time in the history of NIRDPR the “Work from Home” has been introduced.

Thus, in India in many sectors “Work from Home” has been implemented which is the outcome of COVlD-19. Eduindex News is also giving opportunity to writers and other experts Work from Home https://eduindexnews.com/tag/work-with-eduindex-news/

Relevant information collected from the websites:

https://qz.com/work/1392302/more-than-5-of-americans-now-work-from-home-new-statistics-show/

https://www.fastcompany.com/90330393/the-surprising-history-of-working-from-home

https://www.paymoapp.com/blog/working-from-home/

https://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/coronavirus-ford-asks-10000-employees-in-india-to-work-from-home/article31089427.ece

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/earn/coronavirus-and-worklife-tips-to-make-working-from-home-easy/articleshow/74745322.cms?from=mdr

Dr. Shankar Chatterjee

Former Professor& Head (CPME)

NIRD &PR (Govt. of India),

Hyderabad-500 030

Telangana, India

Email <shankarjagu@gmail.com>

The spread of newly-discovered strain of Coronavirus is causing concern: VP

The Vice President of India, Shri M Venkaiah Naidu today underscored the need for global cooperation for early detection of new viruses and to contain any serious fallout from outbreak of epidemics.

Addressing scientists and researchers of CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in Hyderabad, the Vice President while referring to the newly-discovered strain of Coronavirus, said that it was spreading across the nations and causing a major concern to health authorities.

He pointed out that period outbreak of epidemics and new viruses highlighted our vulnerability to diseases.

Referring to the vital role of the Indian Science and Technology Innovation (STI) System in achieving national goals as India aspires for sustainable and inclusive growth, he appealed to the private sector to create a fund for financing innovative scientific projects that will address societal concerns.

Observing that investment in STI plays a major role in promoting research and developing cutting edge technologies, Shri Naidu said the funding for basic research also has to be stepped up.

Stressing that the outcome of every scientific endeavour must improve the lives of people, he called upon scientists of CCMB and other scientific labs to find answers to the many challenges the world was facing today like poverty, effects of climate change, pollution, lack of clean drinking water, sanitation, increasing urbanization and growing drug resistance, among others.

Lauding CCMB for developing bacterial blight-resistant Sambah Mahsuri rice variety in collaboration with Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Shri Naidu urged scientists to find ways to develop more disease and pest-resistant crops and aid in increasing productivity to make agriculture viable and sustainable. He stressed the need to protect farmers from the vagaries of nature.

Touching upon the problem of growing anti-microbial resistance, Shri Naidu said that modern medicine was facing a serious threat on account of it and expressed the fear that many antibiotics might eventually become ineffective if the trend continued unchecked.

Calling for developing new antibiotics, apart from preventing drug resistance, he expressed his happiness that CCMB was working in that direction.

.The Vice President also urged CCMB to develop Rapid DNA Testing Kits for detection of some of the rare diseases and many other genetic disorders. “It is important to predict and prevent genetic diseases as more than 70 million Indians are estimated to be suffering from genetic disorders, according to the Organization for Rare Diseases India (ORDI)”, Shri Naidu added.

He also advised institutions like CCMB to take up campaigns on a massive scale to create awareness among the people about the health risks associated with consanguineous marriages, particularly those relating to congenital disorders.

While expressing his delight that India was now at 3rd position globally in the number of peer-reviewed Science and Engineering Publications and moved to 52^ndposition in the Global Innovation Index, he said there was no room for complacency. “We need to improve further and aim to be among the top nations in scientific discoveries and inventions”, Shri Naidu stressed.

The Vice President said that young scientists should be allowed to take up challenging research assignments and come up with innovative and out-of-box ideas.

Earlier, he went around the exhibits which highlighted the research activities undertaken by CCMB.

CCMB Director, Dr. Rakesh Mishra, Directors of various CSIR labs, senior scientists and researchers were present on the occasion.

The following is the full text of the speech:

I am extremely delighted to visit CCMB, one of India’s premier scientific institutions and interact with all of you.

I was just now shown around some of the facilities and was briefed on the work being done here. My compliments to the Director and all the senior scientists, researchers and others for the excellent work being done in these labs!

From DNA fingerprinting technology to population genetics, CCMB has made impressive strides in various domains of biology.

I was particularly impressed with some of your research outcomes like the bacterial blight-resistant improved Samba Mahsuri variety developed in collaboration with the Directorate of Rice Research. I am happy to note that the improved variety is being grown ineight states in about 3 lakh hectares with a turnover of about Rs. 2880 crore. I am told that trait specific benefit to the farmers is about Rs. 550 crore.

I am a farmer myself and I understand the suffering and pain of the farmers when their crops get blighted by disease.

I am also aware that the DNA fingerprinting technology developed at CCMB made India the third country ever to have its indigenous probe for DNA fingerprinting.

Over the years, thanks to the untiring efforts of our scientists, India has achieved remarkable progress in various areas from achieving self-sufficiency in food production because of green revolution to making spectacular strides in space exploration.

I am quite delighted to know that India now stands at 3rd position globally, in the number of peer-reviewed Science and Engineering Publications. Equally appreciable is that India improved its ranking by five places in the Global Innovation Index and moved to 52^nd position in 2019.

It also pleasing to note that the total number of patent applications filed by scientists and inventors in India increased to 61,788 in FY19 (up to Dec 18) from 47,857 in FY18. Thus, India stood in 10th position for patents which included only resident applications.

While these figures indicate the steady progress we are making in science and technology, there is no room for complacency or to rest on our past laurels. We need to improve further and aim to be among the top nations in scientific discoveries and inventions.

I am sure that we can achieve higher goals if we create the right ecosystem for innovation and creativity to thrive. Our scientific labs like CCMB should become global hubs in their respective scientific fields. Our country has highly talented and hardworking scientists and the need of the hour is to provide them with the wherewithal and encouragement to carry on with their scientific pursuits, unhindered by any kind of red tape. The youngsters in particular should be allowed to take up challenging research assignments and come up with innovative and out-of-box ideas.

As new technologies emerge, new challenges will also arise. But ultimately, the outcome of every scientific endeavour has to be to improve the lives of people in all aspects.

Scientists like you must find answers to the many challenges the world is facing today like poverty, effects of climate change, pollution, lack of clean drinking water, sanitation, increasing urbanization and growing drug resistance, among others.

Issues like growing anti-microbial resistance need concerted efforts at the global level. A study in 2016 has attributed 7,00,000 deaths each year globally to anti-microbial resistance. Modern medicine is facing a serious threat on account of this problem as many antibiotics might eventually become ineffective if this trend continues unchecked. Imagine what will happen even if a common infection turns into a health threat. Apart from preventing drug resistance, there is a need to develop new antibiotics.

I am happy to know that CCMB is working in this area with focus on understanding microbial physiology.

Also the periodic outbreak of epidemics and new viruses not only highlight our vulnerability to diseases but also underscore the need for early detection and cooperation on a global scale to contain any serious fallout. As you all aware, the newly-discovered strain of Coronavirus is spreading across nations and causing a major concern to health authorities.

Please remember that that the real wealth of a nation is determined by the health of its populace.

As India aspires for faster, sustainable and inclusive growth, the Indian Science and Technology Innovation (STI) System has a vital role to play in realising the demographic dividend and in achieving the national goals. Further India has declared 2010-20 as the “Decade of Innovation”. The Government has stressed the need to enunciate a policy to synergize science, technology and innovation and has put in place the National Innovation Council.

Since investment in STI plays a major role in promoting research and developing cutting edge technologies, I appeal to the private sector to create a fund for financing innovative scientific projects that address societal concerns. Also the funding for basic research needs to be stepped up.

I am glad that CCMB is conducting research in frontier and multi-disciplinary areas of modern biology and has trained a huge number of scientists, especially through its PhD program. I am told that of the nearly 400 PhD scholars produced from CSIR-CCMB, more than 120 are now in leadership positions in highly placed institutions in the country as well as their own biotech industry activities.

I am also happy to know that CCMB is analyzing India’s biodiversity as well as human origins and ancestry through genomics and genetic studies.

I am told that CCMB’s genetic studies have provided evidence that the enigmatic tribal populations of Andaman and Nicobar islands are the first modern humans, who migrated out of Africa about 70,000 years ago. Interestingly, the migration of these people was through the coastal routes, along the eastern coast and then following the southern tip of the continent.

As regards migration patterns and genetic relatedness within the Indian population that consists of more than 5000 distinct ethnic groups, I was informed that CCMB study revealed shared ancestry for the South and North Indian populations unlike the theory of “Aryan invasion”.

I am also glad to know that this institute is running a Genetic Diagnostic and Counselling Centre and is providing rapid and quality genetic diagnostic tests for 35 genetic disorders. It is important to predict and prevent genetic diseases as more than 70 million Indians are estimated to be suffering from genetic disorders, according to the Organization for Rare Diseases India (ORDI).

I feel that the time has come for CCMB to develop Rapid DNA Testing Kits for detection of some of the rare diseases and many other genetic disorders. Institutions like yours must also take up campaigns on a massive scale to create awareness among the people about the health risks associated with consanguineous marriages, particularly those relating to congenital disorders.

I am sure that the recently established state of the art Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) facility will be crucial in tackling the huge genetic disease burden of India.

I must also compliment CCMB for its efforts in wildlife conservation by establishing LaCONES (Laboratory for Conservation of Endangered Species). I am happy to note that Scientists at LaCONES have demonstrated successful artificial insemination in spotted deer as a model for conservation of critically endangered deer species of India. The near-extinct mouse deer was also rescued by a selective breeding program and re-introduced in their native habitat.

I am also happy to know that CCMB is extending support to life science entrepreneurs and incubating through its Common Research and Technology Development Hub (CRTDH) and Atal Incubation Centre (AIC-CCMB). I am told that currently more than 20 life science companies ranging from diagnostics, vaccines, drug discovery and repurposing, food and health are based here.

I am also happy to learn that In the 1990s CCMB incubated the first biotech company in India – ShanthaBiotechnics. This company was instrumental in making Hepatitis B vaccine affordable to Indians by bringing down the price of the vaccine.

I strongly believe that technology, innovation, science and research must improve the lives of the common man and benefit crucial sectors like agriculture. I am sure that CCMB with its dedicated team of scientists will come out with path-breaking results to address many of the societal concerns and improve the lives of the common.

My best wishes for your future endeavors.

JAI HIND!

*********

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