Unemployment : A problem that largely multiplied after the advent of Corona Virus

Article by – Shishir Tripathi
Intern at Hariyali Foundation
In collaboration with
Educational News

An individual for living a life with pride and respect with a roof above the head and Food on the dining table, a steady employement is required. But after the arrival of Covid19 into the scenario the whole situation has been changed and the virus has affected a lot of bindividuals’ livelihood to a very great extent.

The economy was suffering since the slowdown which came into the country after the year 2018-19. The automobile sector wasthe kne which was affected to the maximum extent.  Sales were low and the market was lesser and lesser demand from the marketside and as a result after the end of the fiscal year, a lot of inventory was left with the automakers.


India’s automobile industry accounts for 49% of the country’s manufacturing GDP, and it directly and indirectly employs 37 million workers. According to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), 3, 50,000 jobs (mostly contractual) have been lost because of this slowdown and over a million are at a risk due to plant shutdowns and bankruptcy of dealers and component makers.


The services sector is the largest sector in India. The services sector accounts for 53.66% of total India’s GVA of Rs. 137.51 lakh crore. The industrial sector is at the second spot and contributing around 31% of the Indian GDP.


As many as 41 lakh youth in India lost jobs due to the Covid-19 pandemic with most job losses in the construction and farm sector, according to a joint report by the International Labour Organization and the Asian Development Bank.
Youth will be hit harder than adults (25 and older) in the immediate crisis and risk bearing higher longer-term economic and social costs, said the report.

There are job disruptions in the form of reduced working hours and earnings, and job losses for both paid workers and the self-employed; disruptions in their education and training; and difficulties in transitioning from school to work, and moving between jobs in a recession.


Data from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), an independent body that measures and tracks economic indicators, has said that salaried jobs took a big hit during the COVID-19 lockdown, with the total loss estimated to be at 18.9 million during April 2020-July 2020.


The plight of salaried employees has worsened since the lockdown, with a loss of 17.7 million salaried jobs in April, additional 0.1 million jobs in May, followed by a gain of 3.9 million jobs in June and then again a loss of 5 million jobs in July.


Salaried job loss are very rare, but once lost they are further so difficult to be retrieved again. Another report says that salaried jobs were nearly 19 million short of their average in 2019-20.


As per the World Economic Forum (WEF), the Coronavirus pandemic is putting up to 50 million jobs in the global travel and tourism sector at risk. Of the 50 million jobs that could be lost, around 30 million would be in Asia.

Data from bloombergquint.com, timesofindia.com and theeconomicstimes.com

Moving ahead from the data of organized sector, there’re huge job losses in the unorganized or informal sector where there are no regulations, no rules and hence no correct data. Over 122 million people in India lost their jobs in April, according to estimates from Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy. Around 75% of them were small traders and wage-labourers. Local manufacturers previously also were not in a very good state because of big foreign producers availing goods at cheaper prices, but after the lockdown and the corona virus, their condition have turned to be even more inferior.


Small street food sellers, vendors who generally earn on daily basis, without savings and without sale have shut down their small business and are in a very bad state prolonging to have some credit and start the business again.


Even after introduction of various budgets and relief funds by the department of finance but still, daily wage labourers, and the small businesses are still suffering. Though the relief funds and other budgetary measures are taken by the government but this help is not reaching to the people at the root level. Proper disbursement of financial help directly to all the concerned groups should be there and the benefits of the schemes and other employment generation programs should reach to every sufferer.


Cumulative efforts by the government and other bodies will help the working population and various business to grow again and retaining their same positions like earlier in comparatively lesser time.

3 Shows That Will Lift Your Spirits


The easy availability of movies, series, documentaries, et cetera of all over the world has certainly changed the way people spend their free time. In this field, humans have come a long way from public book readings to applications having innumerable media on your phone as the primary source of enjoyment. Thus, the definition of entertainment has developed a lot over time along with people’s perception of the word. 

In today’s world, a perfect night-in alone or with friends involves a bucket of popcorn and Netflix. Applications which provide media services on your mobile phones and other gadgets greatly appeal to people as they enable us to watch our favourite movies and shows anywhere and anytime. These applications have all genres, from old rom-coms like Pride and Prejudice to newest thrillers like Sherlock Holmes. 

Here are some shows that will make you instantly fall in love with its characters and bring a smile to your face –

Brooklyn Nine-Nine

Brooklyn Nine-Nine is a show which combines two of our favourite genres- rom-com and crime. In this show, a group of the finest detectives of Brooklyn led by Raymond Holt, their Captain, find love and friendship while solving crimes together. We find everything we crave to see in a show, a romance like Jake and Amy’s, a friend like Charles, a father figure like Terry, a leader like Holt, a quirky friend and problem solver like Gina and a smart, tough companion like Rosa. It picks you up when you’re feeling down and gives you a few extra laughs when you need them the most. 

One Day at a Time

A good plot, a family of intriguing characters and their journey of finding themselves while coming closer together is what this show is made up of. This series gives us a good laugh while teaching us important life lessons. This show is quite quirky with a Cuban grandma, an army veteran mom, a lesbian daughter, a cool son and their landlord who is just as much a part of the family as others. Its uniqueness makes it all the more interesting and you won’t be able to stop yourself from hitting the next episode button once you start the series. As reflected in the title, One Day at a Time, this show tells us to take it easy as we can get through anything if we have our family. A few tears will be shed but they’re nothing compared to the happiness this show brings! 

Rick and Morty

What happens when your universe-renowned grandfather takes you to different planets for some out of the world adventures? This series has the most-twisted and exciting grandpa, Rick, who goes on different trips with his math-hating, Jessica-loving, a little academically slow grandson, Morty. Their family faces ups and downs, Morty’s sister accompanies them on some of these trips, they make enemies and friends from all over the galaxy and at the end, come back home. This animated series wakes up the child within but, at the same time, has storylines fit for adults. It’s a perfect show for a good weekend binge. 

Let’s turn off the lights, take out our favourite snacks and relieve some stress by watching these great shows!

FOCUS ON 4″P” TO GET SUCCESS IN BUSINESS

Any business whether B2B or B2C or B2B2C have 4 major pillars. If you want your business to get success give your 100% focus on these 4 P’s and you will see the results. Design and decide these factors from the perspective of your customer and not by your own assumption do market segmentation well.These 4 P’s are

  • PRODUCT
  • PRICE
  • PLACE
  • PROMOTION
  1. PRODUCT- always I repeat always focus on PROBLEM SOLVING PRODUCT be an observent person observe the problems around you and ways to solve it. One problem solving idea can make you millionare almost all successful startups came with a problem solving idea.
  2. PRICE- it is a very crucial point you have to price your product very cautiously neither you have to under price nor over price because if you under price you will land up with wrong customers and if you over price your competition will have an edge and it can kill demand of your product.
  3. PLACE- imagine a comb shop in front of a bald treatment hospital is that a right place? Obviously not, placing does not only means physical placing but also placing your product in market whether as a premium product or a low cost product.
  4. PROMOTION- once you are done with the above 3 factors then start promoting it in your target market highlight the key BENEFITS of your product in promotion campaigns identify the strength and make it as a strong front for your complete marketing strategy.

Online games capture new generation

An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the internet or any other computer network available.Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role – playing games.

For kids, playing video games is one of the most important activities of their daily lives. Aside from doing their home works, most of these children spent time playing video games, and most probably spent more time playing as compared to the time spent in doing their homework. It is not only a trend for kids but for young adults and adults as well. From the time it was invented it has evolved into a more exciting and challenging media games of all time. Technological advancement has made it even more exciting for the players to play it and challenge themselves with tricks and clincher that comes with every game.

The graphics and sound effects are fascinating making the experience real for the player especially those three dimensional computer machines. The ability of the player to control and maneuver the situation made it more even exciting. Violent video game is one type of game that has been the most out popular among players. But with the increasing number of people engaging into these computer games, a number of issues have been raised: negative and positive effects of these violent video games to children and young adults.

For kids, playing video games is one of the most important activities of their daily lives. Aside from doing their home works, most of these children spent time playing video games, and most probably spent more time playing as compared to the time spent in doing their homework. It is not only a trend for kids but for young adults and adults as well. From the time it was invented it has evolved into a more exciting and challenging media games of all time. Technological advancement has made it even more exciting for the players to play it and challenge themselves with tricks and clincher that comes with every game.

The graphics and sound effects are fascinating making the experience real for the player especially those three dimensional computer machines. The ability of the player to control and maneuver the situation made it more even exciting. Violent video game is one type of game that has been the most out popular among players. But with the increasing number of people engaging into these computer games, a number of issues have been raised: negative and positive effects of these violent video games to children and young adults. This essay will take the position that violent video games do have negative effects on children.

One of the negative effects of these violent video games is the physiologic changes that happen while they are playing. The excitement brought about by these violent video games stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, thereby creating significant changes in the individual’s heart rate, respiration and other involuntary responses in the body. It is exciting and stressful at the same time, the stressful events could affect gastric stimulation and frequent adrenaline rush, and this adrenaline rush is what makes these players to feel “good” and makes them want to do it repeatedly.

Sympathetic nervous stimulation promotes vasoconstriction, and this vasoconstricting effect is not good as it alters cardiac mechanism. This in turn affects blood supply going to the central nervous system, causing dizziness, headache and nausea. According to Grossman & DeGaetano, “the effects of violent video games on young adults’ arousal levels, hostile feelings, and aggressive thoughts have been measured. Results indicated that college students who had played violent virtual reality game had a higher heart rate, reported more dizziness and nausea, and exhibited more aggressive thoughts in a posttest than those who had played a nonviolent game” (70-71).

Moreover, another negative effect of these violent video games to children is that it teaches the kids wrong values for reinforcement of behaviors. In psychology, there is a thing called “positive reinforcement”. It is a way of reinforcing a “good deed” or behavior by rewarding a child if the child has done a good job in school or if they behaved well. On the other hand, computer games bestow rewards on the player after killing or defeating their opponent. This process is totally the opposite of what id thought in “positive reinforcement”, the act of killing is rewarded and the purpose of “positive reinforcement” is defeated, which in turn could affects the child’s perception of what act or behavior must be rewarded. And this reward system in violent video games could affect the child’s behavior by imitating those seen and done in violent computer video games. As mentioned in the Gentile’s book, “reward increases imitation” (136).

Most of the bad effects of video games are blamed on the violence they contain. Children who play more violent video games are more likely to have increased aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviours, and decreased prosocial helping, according to a scientific study.

College student spending too much time on online games every week tend to suffer from worsened learning ability, concentration problems, poor academic performance, and decreased interactions with other people.

Effects of Video Games on Children and Teenagers In recent years, technology has developed very rapidly. This has led to many arguably both positive and negative changes in our everyday lives. One such change was the increased accessibility of personal computers and gaming consoles as well as the introduction of numerous video games. Due to their entertainment value, these games gained popularity among children and teenagers.

 It is nutritional in the sense that learning comes along while playing these violent video games, such as mastery and control and hand-eye coordination. This paper totally disagrees with this notion. There are more appropriate ways of learning these things, without jeopardizing the minds of these children of what is good and what is wrong. Example are art camps, indoor and outdoor activities that utilizes the body, where in physical, psychological and emotional aspects are given importance, which builds friendship and the values of sportsmanship, as well as maintaining a healthy active body, which computer games don’t give. Furthermore, computer video games promote isolation, aggressive behavior and a sedentary life style by sitting long hours in front of these computers.

In conclusion, violent video game has a strong correlation in children’s aggressive behavior. Violent video game has a great impact in children’s behavioral, emotional, physiological, and psychological well being. Parents are the first line of defense against the invasion into children’s lives. The decision to buy or not to buy violent video games is a true freedom and should be taken seriously. They should know the consequences of possible effects of such materials to their children. Moreover, parents, caregivers and government sector should be more careful and protective to these vulnerable children. Manufacturer should consider designing games that will teach children the good values, true manhood and moral courage; games that will provide fun, excitement, and will give visceral pleasure that is engaging and absorbing without the unnecessary violence.

Using proportionate stratified sampling, the survey respondents were selected to examine the weekly involvement in online games among college students from central Taiwan, who were divided into low-, medium- and high-involvement groups in a cluster analysis. Results of the survey were tested using a self-developed evaluation system based on working memory and response time. Totally 36 college students, or 12 students from each of the low-, medium- and high-involvement groups, were randomly selected from the population to test how involvement in online games, game-playing time and display duration affected their working memory.

Nowadays online games are like addiction for new generation. Even if the small kids are also involving so much in this online games. Due to this they isolate themselves from their own family that leads to crime, depression and many more. According to the survey, children are making crimes due to the influence of online games. So now we have to cure this fever of online games between the new generation.

Digital Marketing: An Emerging Field

The importance of digital marketing is taking quantum jumps in today’s business world. The world has become so digital now even small kids are becoming tech-savvy and started doing digital experiments. People have realized the importance of digital marketing in today’s competitive world, and so our young curious minds. Digital Marketing as a career has benefits which far outweigh other streams of Marketing, in much the same way demand outweighs the supply of Digital Marketing professionals. Yes, that’s right. The demand for professionals in the Online Marketing field has high sky-rocketed ever since companies realized that traditional channels of Marketing alone won’t bring in revenue. 70% of marketing job openings now require digital skills.

Digital marketing skills are so high in demand right now that many companies prefer giving jobs to the candidate who is digital amateur. But unfortunately, there are lot of jobs available but not enough readily adequate people to fill them. Today all job profiles seek practical knowledge. Going for a job interview with an academic degree does not work nowadays as these people are instantly rejected undoubtedly, Digital Marketing is a versatile and rewarding career.
With increasing budgets, higher pay and expanding career choices, the digital domain is finally being taken seriously. There has been an increase in Digital Marketing jobs worldwide, and Digital Marketers are hot property. With the possibility of steering your own career, the benefits of Digital Marketing are immense.


Various subfields spinning out of the Digital Marketing domain are in themselves full-fledged with a wide range of career options.

  1. SEO- Search Engine Optimization is the art of getting a high rank for a website in SERP’s.
  2. SEM- Search Engine Marketing involves using paid methods for maximum outreach.
  3. SMM- Social Media Marketing involves optimizing content and using social media to reach the target audience.
  4. Email Marketing- Effective Emails are written and designed for engagement and increasing product reach.
  5. Content Marketing- Effective copy and content are extremely important in engaging users.

Other than these most favourable career options of Digital Marketing, there are many other choices available such as Analytics, Copywriting, Web Design and Development, Advertising etc.

1. Compete with Large Corporations- Digital Marketing can enable you to compete head and head with large corporations. With Digital Marketing, you can get a coma competitive advantage even as a startup or small business leader.

2. Get Prepared For The ‘Internet Of Things’- As people are getting tech-savvy would be a good move to promote your business through the digital platform. This can help you connect with your customers anytime and anywhere in an effective way.

3. Earn People’s Trust And Build Brand Reputation- It’s important to classify brand objectives with customers interest. Digital Marketing can help target the right customers in a substantial way.

4. Ensure Online Business Survival- Digital Marketers can implement innovative ways to entice customers. By targeting the right kind of people, marketers can take the necessary steps for betterment and success for their businesses.

5. Know All About Your Competitors- Many brands and businesses are ramping up on their digital marketing campaigns, using various channels. Have a look at your comcompetitor’srategies and plan yours accordingly to get an edge over them.

6. Real-Time Results- Digital Marketing lets you know how influential your approach has been. By understanding the scenario, you can take the necessary steps to retouch the results in stipulated time.

7. Improve Your Outreach- The online platform is the best medium to connect with your customers worldwide. With Online Marketing, you can be more fetching in terms of providing earnest responses to the relevant queries and feedback.

Final Thoughts:
If there ever was a time to jump on the digital career bandwagon, then this is the time. Make yourself the perfect fit to fill in the Digital Marketing skill gap and open the doors to a wide variety of career choices. With the domain still in its infancy, the possibilities are endless but one thing is for sure: it’s only going to get better from here.

SOCIAL MEDIA : BOON OR A BANE ?

YOU DON’T HAVE TO POST IT.TO PROVE IT . You must be wondering (maybe) that why am i using Capitonomy ? Obviously to emphasize. To emphasize on the state of mind a lot of people have that if their opinions are not validated by social media their opinions do not matter. But why ? Why is it so important for people to have opinions of people that do not even matter ? There is no doubt that Social Media has reshaped everything .Social Media has not only reshaped communication industry but has also redefined the ways in which we communicate and express.We have embraced it so tenaciously that social media is now an integral part of our lives. Whatever we do ,whatever we say impacts our lives directly.

I prefer calling the social media both a boon and a bane. Why boon ? Social media has made our lives comfortable than ever. It is just one click and your thoughts are expressed globally. You can talk to anybody at anytime. You can engage to people as many as you want. You can be a youtuber ,you can be a blogger, you can share your cooking recipes, you can earn online, you can teach online ,you can find jobs online , you can do anything and everything just by being on the internet and i don’t deny it at all. Had we not got a platform like this we would still be finding ways of communicating to each other. Today i am writing this article for my viewers to read and it is the easiest way i can do this. Social media has helped marketing to a big extent . Now marketing has entered a different stage. Now, it no more a one way traffic .Now marketers know their customers and customers know their marketers. It is the most cost effective platform one could get to reach a mass audience.You post a video on social media today and it goes viral next day maybe you are a celebrity with a verified ID. Social media is so strong it can make and break both at once.

But, looking at the other end, social media also turns out to be dangerous at times. Why a Bane ? There is a lot of conflict of privacy being hampered of the users. The data you share on the platform is not safe . Then, you get addicted to the social media once you are on it. Another, you start valuing yourself on the opinions of others. You look for validations which is completely not needed. You have to be YOU WITHOUT VALIDATIONS !! You also have to post or speak very specifically and very carefully because one wrong step and it costs you bad. Through social media we also tend to engage with people we do not really know and are characterized as “Internet friends” and you don’t really know who is fake and who is real.

Summing up, everything has a two way traffic. Nothing and Nobody is PERFECT. It is we who have to decide what, how, when and where to use . But, remember in a crowd if you feel something is not right, STAND FOR THE RIGHT EVEN IF IT MEANS STANDING ALONE !

How to learn programming

The most demand skill in today’s world is programming many companies want to hire people who have this skills,it can be said this is the most basic skill in today’s era. Programming is lots of fun and extraordinarily useful. It allows you be creative and also opens up a wide range of new careers for you. Here are a few tips when it comes to learning computer programming.

1. Learn by doing.

With every new subject, the sooner you start playing with the code, the faster you will learn the given concepts. Even if you blaze through an entire chapter of reading and a topic like for loops seems straightforward – so straightforward even a monkey could do it – you’ll still be scratching your head when tasked to implement the code for the first time. You’ll think, “wait, what was that one piece of syntax again?” As the saying goes, you need to “use it or lose it”.

2. Grasp the fundamentals for long-term benefits

As elementary as they may appear at first, programming fundamentals always need to come first: the better you understand them, the easier it is to learn more advanced concepts.

Code by hand. It sharpens proficiency and you’ll need it to get a job

Computer monitors become thinner, hard drives lighter, and programming languages more powerful, but coding-by-hand still remains one of the most effective methods to learn how to program. Be it on a whiteboard or notebook, coding-by-hand requires further caution, precision, and intent behind every line of code. Because unlike on a computer, you can’t run hand-written code midway through the sheet to check if the work is correct. Although more time consuming, this restriction will mold you into a more fundamentally sound developer, both in the classroom and the job market. For college exams and technical interviews – a critical component of the job interview process – you will have to code-by-hand, because not only is this good for learning, but it’s universally known to be the ultimate test for a programmer’s proficiency.So start early and get used to this old-school practice.

4.Seek out more online resources. There’s a wealth of content

If a particular concept doesn’t make sense, be it on codeacademy, in a textbook, or during class lecture, maintain your confidence and look for alternate online resources to learn the same content. Everyone learns differently, and just because one source doesn’t make sense, doesn’t mean there’s something wrong with you. It means that you’re not clicking with the delivery of the material. The online resources to learn computer programming are endless, and there’s always a reddit post, youtube tutorial, or blog explanation that will make the material-at-hand crystal clear.

5 Don’t just read the sample code. Tinker with it!

Reading sample code is not enough to understand how it works. To develop a true understanding, you need to actually run the code and tinker with it. With the additions of comments and instructions, sample code is packaged to be easily digestible by the reader; but in realityit’s pretty difficult to replicate from scratch. Reading is not the same as understanding, and actually trying to write the code yourself, or at least running it, will facilitate the learning process much mo

Conclusion: Keep Calm and Keep On Coding

Despite these tips, the most important ingredient to learn programming faster is to remain confident. To do so, you should expect to fail repeatedly and be patient with your progress; because becoming an expert at anything requires hard work and time. And if a single doubt ever clouds your mind, remember that every programmer has walked this path before – none of them more destined to become a developer than you.

Dr Reddy Laboratories have launched Remdesivir in India.

Every famous medical laboratories are in hurry who will going to launch their product for treatment of Covid-19 in India.If we take many other examples such as Hamdard has also started testing its two immunity boosters as it has got all approvals from the government authorities.So the market is being too competitive in nature and its the matter of time when the vaccine will be launching and after that this all immunity boosters will be having tough time than.

Pharma sector major Dr Reddy laboratories have launched its generic drug Remdesivir for Covid-19 treatment in India.The Remdesivir drug will help for the treatment of those people who have severe symptoms and will be available in hospitals for the treatment.It will cost around Rs 5400 for a 100 mg vial.The pharma major has entered into a non-exclusive agreement with Remdesivir innovating company Gilead Sciences Inc of US.The innovator company is going to sell this drug to almost 127 countries including India.

The drug which was originally developed for the treatment of Ebola by the innovator company.In India it has been approved by the Drug Controller General of India.This drug will be available in the brand name of Redyx in India.The company says we will continue to work effortlessly to develop such products that addresses the needs of the patients.They added that launching of Redyx drug will increase the commitment to bringing more such critical medicines for the covid-19 treatment.

The pharma major have already launched Favipiravir 200 mg in the last month under its innovator Avigan in the Indian market following a pact with its innovator Fujifilm of Japan.This drug has been approved by the DCGI for the treatment of patients suffering from mild to moderate symptoms.For this the Fujifilm has granted the rights to Dr Reddy for this division of drugs.

So lets hope that everyone gets treated well and are fit.We want our normal life back soon lets hope for the best.

Digital Marketing

With everything getting Digital, how can marketing remain on a traditional level ? Marketing has also entered into the world of being digital. Almost all the businesses now from micro to macro have started selling themselves on the digital platform. For the same purpose of increasing their market share, to expand their customer base, to increase their sales, to maximise profits, for customer retention etc.

What is Digital Marketing ? Digital marketing encompasses all marketing efforts that use an electronic device or the internet. Businesses leverage digital channels such as search engines, social media, email, and other websites to connect with current and prospective customers. Digital marketing has a lot of advantages and big companies like Myntra, Flipkart, Amazon use this platform way more effectively and enjoy a great ride throughout their business journey.

Digital Marketing involves a lot of channels such as :

  1. Search Engine Optimization ( SEO) : This is the process of optimizing your website to “rank” higher in search engine results pages, thereby increasing the amount of organic (or free) traffic your website receives. The channels that benefit from SEO include websites, blogs, and infographics.
  2. Content Marketing : This term denotes the creation and promotion of content assets for the purpose of generating brand awareness, traffic growth, lead generation, and customers.
  3. Social Media Marketing : This practice promotes your brand and promotes your brands on social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc
  4. Pay per Click : PPC is a method of driving traffic to your website by paying a publisher every time your ad is clicked.
  5. Email Writing : Companies use email marketing as a way of communicating with their audiences. Email is often used to promote content, discounts and events, as well as to direct people toward the business’s website. 
  6. Online PR : Online PR is the practice of securing earned online coverage with digital publications, blogs, and other content-based websites. It’s much like traditional PR, but in the online space.

The above are some examples of how a digital marketer moves through it’s ways of promoting his business from one platform to another . AFTERALL, IN A MARKET WHERE CONSUMER IS THE KING NOW, YOU HAVE TO BE HIS FAVOURITE JACK.

Sita:The Warrior of Mithila

She is described as the daughter of the earth goddess, Bhūmi or Prithvi and the adopted daughter of King Janaka of Videha and his wife, Queen Sunaina. She has a younger sister, Urmila, and the female cousins Mandavi and Shrutakirti. Sita is known for her dedication, self-sacrifice, courage and purity.On auspicious occasion of Sita Navami : The birthplace of Sita is disputed. Janakpur in the Eastern-Madhesh of Nepal and Sitamarhi, Bihar, India are described as Sita’s birthplace. The Sita Kund pilgrimage site is located at Sitamarhi and is viewed as the birthplace of Sita.

The name “Sita” has been derived from a Sanskrit word meaning, “furrow”, to indicate her being found by King Janak while plowing the field. It is also connected to a Vedic goddess of fertility of the land.She is also said to be the daughter of Mother Earth, and hence is also known as “Bhumije”. She was also known as “Vaidehi” during her exile in the forest and as “Rama” for being the beloved of Lord Ram.

An interesting fact about Sita is that she is also considered to be a reincarnation of Vedvati, whom Ravan had tried to molest while she was under penance, so as to become the consort of Lord Vishnu. She then cursed Ravana to become the cause of his destruction in her next birth.

But do you know that  In Sanghadasa’s Jaina version of Ramayana and also in Adbhuta Ramayana, Sita, entitled Vasudevahindi, is born as daughter of Ravana. According to this version, astrologers predict that first child of Vidyadhara Maya (Ravana’s wife) will destroy his lineage. Thus, Ravana abandons her and orders the infant to be buried in a distant land where she is later discovered and adopted by Janaka.

It was Maya Sita who was really kidnapped by Ravana, while the genuine Sita took shelter with the fire god Agni, who took her to the residence of Goddess Parvati. Afterward, she came back to Lord Ram after the war got over. Maya Sita is then said to have been renewed as Draupadi in her next life.


Secondly, there was a custom that only boys were allowed to get the formal education in Ashrams. And girls were not allowed to get the education. Even the teachers (Acharya) in the schools (Ashram) were male brahmins only. No female was allowed to be an Acharya and impart education to disciples. Sita vehemently argued against this misogynistic custom and listening to the insightful arguments of her wise daughter, Janak abolished the eons-old ban on women to get the education and allowed the girls of Mithila to get the formal education in the Ashrams.

Sita was not just an obedient and humble wife but she was a warrior.

बाल शिक्षा

ख्वाबों को दबाना नहीं , उन्हें उड़ाना है।सारे आसमां को आज दिखाना है

जी हां मैं बात कर रही हूं उन नन्ही सी कलियों की जो आज कहीं ना कहीं मुरझा रही है। भारत में आज भी 72 मिलियन बच्चे ऐसे हैं जो शिक्षा से बहुत दूर हैं। और इसका प्रमुख कारण उनकी आर्थिक परिस्थितियां हैं। जिनकी वजह से वो शिक्षा से इतनी दूर आ चुके हैं। इसी वजह से उन्हें ना चाहते हुए भी भीख मांगना चोरी करने जैसे कार्य करने पड़ते हैं और – इसके बाद हम क्या करते हैं हम उन्हें दुत्कार देते हैं।

दोस्तों हम सब ने चलती राह पर बच्चों को हाथ फैलाते तो जरूर ही देखा होगा । पर कभी आपने सोचा कि वो यह करना चाहते हैं या उनकी मजबूरियां हैं ?

तो चलिए आज आपको बताते हैं कि उनकी क्या मजबूरी है – समाज आज एक ऐसे स्तर पर आकर खड़ा है जहां शिक्षा को दर्पण बोला जाता है। और यह बात की बखूबी अपने में एक बड़ा उदाहरण है शिक्षा के महत्व को समझाने के लिए। चाइल्ड वेलफेयर के एक सर्वे में पाया गया कि अधिकतर बच्चे शिक्षा से वंचित इसलिए रह जाते हैं क्योंकि उनके घर की परिस्थितियां अच्छी नहीं होती जिसकी वजह से उनके माता-पिता उन्हें मजदूरी करने पर लगा देते हैं । पिता की 1 दिन की कमाई राशन भी पूरा नहीं कर पाती।

सर्व शिक्षा अभियान चलते हैं पर शायद बच्चों तक पहुंच ही नहीं पाते जिन्हें इसकी जरूरत है। ( बिना शिक्षा एक मानव दानव बन जाता है) और आज के युग में हम इस बात के से भलीभांति परिचित हैं। वो नन्हे हाथ बस किसी के घर में बर्तन धुलने या मिट्टी उठाने में सूख जाते हैं।

तो चलिए एक शुरुआत करते हैं बाल शिक्षा की ।

Dreams & Deeds organisation के संग और देते हैं नन्ही कलियों को एक ऊंची उड़ान, और उनकी खुद की पहचान।

Social media and fake news.

I honestly can’t remember the last time I sat down and watched an entire news program on TV. I get all of my breaking news from social media.

Social media has become the main source of news online with more than 2.4 billion internet users, nearly 64.5 percent receive breaking news from Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Snapchat and Instagram instead of traditional media.

Most of the time, social media is as fast, if not faster, than “regular” news outlets.Social media is a powerful tool for spreading information. It reaches faster and farther than any communication method to date.

Social media can be cluttered, no doubt about that. There are far too many messages for us to take in every single one.
But, when you’re sharing a message of hope, or a post of joy, or a status that makes someone smile…it cuts through clutter. Those messages stand apart from the noise of the ordinary.

And you and I – well, more importantly, you and I and your teens can be agents of change. On Twitter. Or Facebook. Or Tumblr. Or Instagram.

So whether it’s collaborating with friends on a homework assignment, or sharing an inspirational pep talk, or posting a photo to brighten someone’s day, or passing along important news of a missing child, or anything,
Social media is powerful. Social media is information.

Let’s choose wisely what messages we spread.

It’s the age of “fake news” and gone are the days of waiting for the morning news for breaking stories or reading gossip magazines for the latest celebrity dirt.
We now have all the information we need at the touch of an app and most people now get their news information online, specifically from social media. 

However, social platforms have a control over what news and information we see. Our social media friends have become the “managing editors” deciding what we see.

An article needs to be “liked” and shared multiple times before many people see it in their feed. Therefore social media and your social friends have control over what news pieces you see and what you do not.

In a recent survey, 50 percent of Internet users surveyed said that they hear about the latest news via social media before ever hearing about it on a news station.

Many internet users will see the breaking stories on their feed and go to the news sites to learn more. The survey found 57 percent increase in traffic to news sites referred from social media.

There are also many “fake news” websites that compete for attention with sensational headlines and ridiculous storylines that tend to get shared more often due to the lack of readers fact checking or reading more than the headline. That means that authentic content is hard to come by now. In fact, fake news is actually more likely to spread than the truth.

News happens fast now. Today’s story will be tomorrow’s forgotten story. It is easy to miss things now because of how quick stories can get turned around and shared.

While having so much information at our fingertips is great, it is worth always checking sources and not taking headlines as truth. With social media as our new news managers, it is up to us to be the new fact checkers for media.

Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle

The HSTDV is an unmanned scramjet demonstration aircraft for hypersonic speed flight. It is being developed as a carrier vehicle for hypersonic and long-range cruise missiles, and will have multiple civilian applications including the launching of small satellites at low cost. The HSTDV program is run by the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation. India is pushing ahead with the development of ground and flight test hardware as part of an ambitious plan for a hypersonic cruise missile.

The Defense Research and Development Laboratory’s Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) is intended to attain autonomous scramjet flight for 20 seconds, using a solid rocket launch booster. The research will also inform India’s interest in reusable launch vehicles. The eventual target is to reach Mach 6 at an altitude of 32.5 km (20 miles).

India is pushing ahead with the development of ground and flight test hardware as part of an ambitious plan for a hypersonic cruise missile.
The Defense Research and Development Laboratory’s Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) is intended to attain autonomous scramjet flight for 20 seconds, using a solid rocket launch booster. The research will also inform India’s interest in reusable launch vehicles. The eventual target is to reach Mach 6 at an altitude of 32.5 km (20 miles).

Initial flight testing is aimed at validating the aerodynamics of the air vehicle, as well as its thermal properties and scramjet engine performance. A mock-up of the HSTDV was shown at the Aero India exhibition in Bangalore in February (see photo), and S. Panneerselvam, the DRDL’s project director, says engineers aim to begin flight testing a full-scale air-breathing model powered by a 1,300-lb.-thrust scramjet engine in near future.

Future strike:
When when ready for test and subsequent use, the hypersonic missiles will considerably augment India’s arsenal, putting it along a a handful of countries that have such weapons. Besides the velocity of over five times the speed of sound (Mach 5), the manoeuvring capability of hypersonic missiles makes maximum very effective offensive weapons capable of defeating enemy missile defence and tracking systems.A Hypersonic missile’s potency is the speed at which it travels, enabling it to have a quick reaction time considered invaluable for both defence and offence.

India has been working on making BrahMos – a supersonic cruise missile – hypersonic and the scramjet will help in the endeavour too. Developed jointly with Russia, the BrahMos now files at Mach 2.8 speed.

Low cost sat launches
Further, on the civilian side, the HSTDV can total satellites at low cost. However, its ability to do so will be restricted. Experts believe that such a vehicle using scramjet can only push satellites into LEO (LOW EARTH ORBIT), and the air breathing engines will not find oxygen at higher altitudes.

According to ISRO, at present, satellites are launched by multistage satellite launch vehicles that can be used only once (expendable). these launch vehicles carry oxidizer along with the fuel for combustion to produce thrust. large vehicles design for one time use are expensive and their efficiency is low because they can carry only 2-4 % of their lift off mass to orbit.

Nearly 70% of the propellant (fuel oxidizer combination) carried by today’s launch vehicles consists of oxidizers. Therefore, the next generation launch vehicles must use a propulsion system which can utilise the atmospheric oxygen during their flight through the atmosphere which will considerably reduced the total propellant and required to place a satellite in orbit. Also, if those vehicles are made reusable, the cost of launching satellites will further come down significantly. Thus, the future reusable launch vehicle concept along with air breathing propulsion is an exciting candidate offering routine access to space at a far lower cost.

A- Sat Capabilities

A Hypersonic vehicle/missile also has the potential to augment India’s anti satellite (A-Sat) capabilities. The country, on March 27 2019, successful be conducted an A-Sat missile test in an operation codenamed ‘Mission Shakti’, making it only the fourth country after the US China and Russia to demonstrate such a capability.

Nation progresses when the villages do!!!



There was a village on the banks of river Ganga. It was a village with 5000 population. The village had blessings of nature. It always rained at the right time and farmers in the village were very happy. The only thing village lacked was the hygiene. There were no toilets in the village. People used to do it in the open. There were many cases of snakebites because of this in the village. The primary health centre was not in good condition. Public hygiene in the village was not maintained. People were totally unaware of public hygiene. There was no road to the village. People had to go from the mud while going out of the village. Village authorities were much idle. They didn’t do anything to solve these major issues.
Many students of the village used to go to college at the district. The college decided to carry out the NSS camp in that village as it would be easy to arrange because of local students. Two programme officers were appointed for the camp. When they came to the village for the first time, they had to park their bikes a km away from the village. They made their way to the village walking through the mud. In the first 10 days camp, both of them simply analyzed the problems of the villagers. When they came back next year, they took a pledge to transform the village. The first initiative they took was to make each family build a toilet at their home. It was a mammoth task. Two men from the city coming to the village and convince people to spend some money and build a toilet. It looked an impossible task. But both of them were very much confident. They carry out activities in the village making people aware of public and personal hygiene. They began it from children in school. They taught them the importance of a toilet at home. They organized many guest lectures of doctors to tell them the importance of hygiene. They even told the villagers how the government will subsidies them if they build the village. The students of the college who lived in the village helped them to convince the villagers. It took so much time to convince the villagers, but now they could feel their efforts are going in the right direction.
All the NSS cadets joined them and all of them together built a canal for the village. Later they built a proper road for the village. These things made a huge impact on the villagers. They now got an assurance that these two men will surely do something good for us. The chief of the village took the initiative and built a toilet first at it’s home. All the villagers got inspired by this act and one by one everybody began to build the toilet. Each villager now could feel the change in the level of hygiene after building the toilet. On Sundays, villagers themselves came together and cleaned the whole village. Later there came a point when every house in the village had a toilet of their own. The village got recognition on the state level.

After making the village open toilet free, both the programme officers left the village. But the spark they generated in the villagers was still there. Villagers unitedly worked together for the betterment of the village. Here both the programme officers were awarded as the best programme officers on the national level. The villagers gave them a beautiful surprise by winning the national level “Nirmal Gram” award. Both the programme officers were very happy when they received this news.
The next year, the villagers called them for a function. The whole village gathered together to honour them. After receiving the award and respect given by the villagers, both of them were into tears and said, ” This is more precious than the national award “!!!

Philosophical Readings

 01

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Reading for Understanding 

Woman reading a book on sofa.
Tim Robberts / Getty Images

First of all, a bit of context. Bear in mind that when you are reading philosophy what you are actually doing is trying to understand a piece of writing. This is remarkably different from other forms of reading, like — say — going through a newspaper page to collect information or reading a novel to enjoy a good story. Philosophical reading is an exercise in understanding and should be treated as such. 

02
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Philosophy Is About Arguing 

Philosophical writing is persuasive writing. When you read a philosophical piece you are reading the opinion of an author who is trying to persuade you of the plausibility or implausibility of a position. Will you buy the author\’s position? To decide you\’ll need to fully understand the ideas being presented and the rhetorical strategies employed.

03
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Take Your Time 

Philosophical writings are dense and difficult. When reading, set realistic goals. While reading a page of a novel can take as little as thirty seconds, some pages in philosophy require at least ten minutes or even more. 

04
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What Is the Main Point? 

Before actually starting to read, skim the paper to get a sense of the main point the author is trying to make and the structure of the piece. If it\’s an essay, read the first and last paragraphs in their entirety. If it\’s a book, look at the table of contents and go through the opening remarks. Once you\’ve skimmed the piece, you\’ll be better equipped to dive in and read the entire text intelligently.

05
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Annotate 

Keep a pencil and highlighter with you and mark down what seems to you the crucial passages: where the main thesis is stated; where key concepts are introduced; where key arguments or reasons are provided. Try also to get a sense also of the weakest points in the overall piece. 

06
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Think Critically 

Your task as a philosophy reader is not just to take in information, as you would do with a biology textbook: you are engaging with an argument. You may agree or disagree — but either way, you need to know why you\’ve formed a particular opinion. As you\’re reading, look for flaws in the writer\’s argument, and mark them. If you\’re reading for a class, you\’ll almost certainly be asked to write or speak about your response to the writer\’s argument.

07
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… But Don\’t Think on Your Feet 

Philosophical criticism does not typically go well with speed-thinking. Philosophy is reflective: while it\’s perfectly OK to think while you are reading, you should go through your responses at least three times to be sure they really hold up. Your brilliant insights and criticisms may turn out to be poorly constructed. So, remember: be humble, patient, and meticulous. 

08
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Cultivate Philosophical Empathy and Self-Criticism 

To build great philosophical reading skills you\’ll need to cultivate some philosophical empathy and self-criticism. Writing philosophy is challenging. Be empathetic: after you come up with some possible criticism, imagine taking the role of your opponent and try to answer your criticisms. This exercise can improve your understanding of a philosophical text dramatically, showing you viewpoints that were not clear to you before.

09
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Keep Re-Reading 

As you are sorting and fine-tuning your critical remarks, double-check the text to refresh your memory, sharpen your thoughts, and make sure you properly interpreted the author.

10
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Engage in Philosophical Discussion 

One of the best ways to understand and analyze a philosophical piece is to discuss it with others. It isn\’t always easy to find friends interesting in discussing philosophy at length — but often other members of your class will be willing to talk about the content of assignments. Together, you may come to conclusions you wouldn\’t have thought of on your own.