Day: July 2, 2021

ELON MUSK

Musk is a physicist, entrepreneur, philanthropist and a great deal of an investor. he was born on 28th June, 1971 in Pretoria, South Africa to an African father and a Canadian mother. His childhood was not a bit happy. After his parents divorced he chose to live with his father. the relation of dad and son was eventually embittered; he called it the worst decision of his life. as a child he was bullied also. This rather turned him towards book. He was an avid reader and an independent learner. At the mere age of 12, he created a video game “Blastar” which he sold to a computer magazine.

He completed his bachelor’s in Economics and then again in Physics from University of Pennyslyvania. He left his Master’s in Applied Physics from Standford University just after 2 days to become an entrepreneur.

Foundations

  • ZIP2
  • X.com and PayPal
  • SpaceX

In 1995, Elon and Kimbal (brother) founded web software company. Zip2  provided and licensed an Internet city guide for the newspaper publishing industry, with maps, directions, and yellow pages. It allowed a two-way communication between users and advertisers.

X.com, which was later named as PayPal is one of the oldest online payment company. It was co-founded by Musk in March 1999.  In March 2000, X.com merged with Confinity Inc., a software company based in Silicon Valley. Musk was attracted to Confinity because of its easy payment system. The name was changed to PayPal. eBay bought the company for  US$1.5 billion in 2002.

Towards the coming of 2001, Musk was deeply inclined towards settling life in Mars. He traveled to Moscow to buy refurbished Intercontinental Ballistic missiles (ICBMs) that could send the greenhouse payloads into space. But he was overlooked as a novice. This put the founding stone of SpaceX in 2002. Musk decided to start a company that could build affordable rockets. The company holds expertise in it’s production of reusable thrusters (a small rocket attached to a spacecraft and used to control its attitude or translational motion).

This private company holds enormous achievements; from being the first private company to launch fully liquid-fueled rocket that reached orbit to becoming the largest commercial satellite constellation operator in the world. SpaceX has definitely distinguished itself with the reusable thrusters. On June 17, 2021, it launched GPS III-05 on Flacon 9 which was the second flight of booster B1062, for a ‘national security‘ mission (National security missions had previously only used new boosters).

Investments

“When something is important enough, you do it even if the odds are not in your favour.”

Elon Musk in an interview

An independent learner as he is, he has never believed in degree. He always gives importance to potential. With the same potential he could achieve such milestones, nevertheless having no former degree. Let us take a look at some eye-catching investments of the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla.

TESLA

Tesla is an American based company. it was originally founded by Martin Ebberhard and Marc Tarpenning as Tesla Motors. It is majorly based on electric vehicle and clean energy. Elon came up as an investor when the company was facing crisis in 2008. Later the board decided to appoint him the as CEO, noting his potential. Tesla first built an electric sports car, the Roadster, in 2008. With sales of about 2,500 vehicles, it was the first  serial production of all-electric car to use lithium iron battery cells. This innovation was an instant success. Tesla stock has risen significantly; it became the most valuable carmaker in summer 2020.

HYPERLOOP

In 2013, Musk assigned a dozen engineers from Tesla and SpaceX to establish the conceptual foundations and initial designs of an airplane without wings. It is a concept for ultra-fast inter-city travel using travel pods inside metallic tubes.

THE BORING COMPANY

With an aim to enable rapid point-to-point transportation, Elon’s hopes that Boring Co. Tunnels will revolutionise transport by carrying people in giant, electric underground sleds.

On being asked about the number of tunnels that would fit, he replied “The deepest mines are much deeper than the tallest buildings are tall, so you can..”.

NEURALINK

In 2016, Musk co-founded Neuralink, a neurotechnology startup company to integrate the human brain with AI. Neuralink’s purpose is to create devices that are implanted in the human brain surgically, and with it, one will be able to communicate with machines. Musk has predicted that it would one day give people telepathy, cure paralysis, and enable vision.

STARLINK

Starlink is a low latency, high speed broadband intternet system aimed at providing free internet across the globe. The starlink satellites are a link of 12,000 satellites circling the earth. Starlink satellites are over 60 times closer to Earth than traditional satellites, resulting in lower latency and the ability to support services typically not possible with traditional satellite internet.

Musk’s thoughts are really beyond the world!

OPEN AI

This is a not-for-profit AI system. It aims to develop artificial general intelligence in a way that it is safe and beneficial to humanity. Musk is really concerned about the artificial intelligence technology as the field has not been studied fully yet. He therefore, always emphasizes on proper knowledge before application.

To conclude with the article, we learn an important lesson from Elon Musk’s life up till now;

Execution is greater than innovation.

Elon is just so fearless, even after facing numerous obstacles, he has overcome each of them. He never hesitates in taking risks. This boldness is serving us with unimaginable inventions.

SWAMI VIVEKANANDA – Indian monk

Swami Vivekananda, born Narendranath Datta, was an Indian Hindu monk. He was a chief disciple of the 19th-century Indian mystic Ramakrishna.

Born: 12 January 1863, Kolkata

Died: 4 July 1902, Belur Math, Howrah

Full name: Narendra Nath Datta

Guru: Ramakrishna

Narendra Nath Data (1863 – 1902) , later known as Swami Vivekananda, was the prime follower of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. An educated youth, he was drawn to Ramakrishna’s message. Dissatisfied with conventional philosophical positions and practices, he advocated the practical Vedanta of service to humanity and attacked the tendency to defend every institution simply because it was connected with religion.

He emphasized a cultural nationalism and made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindu society. His ideas bred a sense of self – confidence among Indians who felt inferior in relation to the materialist achievements of the West. He became famous for his addresses on Hinduism at the 1893 World Congress of Religions in Chicago.

Despite his fame, he was condemned by orthodox Hindus for suggesting that the lower castes should be allowed to engage in the Hindu rituals from which they were traditionally excluded. Vivekananda’s activist ideology rekindled the desire for political change among many western-education young Bengalis. Many of the youths who were involved in the militant nationalist struggle during the Swadeshi movement following the Partition of Bengal were inspired by Vivekananda.

Swami Vivekananda Statue

The Swami Vivekananda statue is a bronze statue of the Hindu Indian monk Swami Vivekananda (1863–1902), located in Golpark neighbourhood in the Indian city of Kolkata. The original statue, made of marble and unveiled in 1966, was the oldest statue of Swami Vivekananda in the city. The old statue was replaced by a new, taller one in 2005.

New bronze statue

Vivekananda’s Speech

I am proud to belong to a religion which has taught the world both tolerance and universal acceptance. We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept all religions as true. I am proud to belong to a nation which has sheltered the persecuted and the refugees of all religions and all nations of the earth.

Vivekananda’s Chicago Speech

Swami Vivekananda gave a historic speech in Chicago on this day, still fills Indians with pride. 127 years ago, Swami Vivekananda gave his famous speech in 1893 in the Religion Parliament of Chicago, USA. He started his speech by saying ‘my American brothers and sisters‘.

Swamiji’s Principle

His teachings focused on four cardinal principals: The non-duality of the Godhead, the divinity of the soul, harmony of religions, and oneness of existence.

Quotes

✓Arise,awake and donot stop until the goal is reached.

✓Truth can be stated in a thousand different ways, yet each one can be true.

✓You cannot believe in God until you believe in yourself.

✓You have to grow from the inside out. None can teach you, none can make you spiritual. There is no other teacher but your own soul.

DIED

Swami Vivekananda died at an early age of 39 years on July 4, 1902, due to rupture in the blood vessel of his brain. His disciples say that he attained Mahasamadhi (the act of consciously and intentionally leaving one’s body at the moment of death) while meditating.

Culture and history related

INTRODUCTION:-

Cultural history brings to life a past time and place. In this search, cultural historians study beliefs and ideas, much as intellectual historians do. In addition to the writings of intellectual elites, they consider the notions (sometimes unwritten) of the less privileged and less educated. These are reflected in the products of deliberately artistic culture, but also include the objects and experiences of everyday life, such as clothing or cuisine. “Culture” can also imply everyday attitudes, values, assumptions and prejudices, and the rituals and practices that express them, from magical beliefs to gender roles and racial hierarchies. In this sense, our instincts, thoughts, and acts have an ancestry which cultural history can illuminate and examine critically. Historians of culture at Yale study all these aspects of the past in their global interconnectedness, and explore how they relate to our many understandings of our varied presents.Cultural history is an effort to inhabit the minds of the people of different worlds. This journey is, like great literature, thrilling in itself. It is also invaluable for rethinking our own historical moment. Like the air we breathe, the cultural context that shapes our understanding of the world is often invisible for those who are surrounded by it; cultural history allows us to take a step back, and recognize that some of what we take for granted is remarkable, and that some of what we have thought immutable and natural is contingent and open to change. Studying how mental categories have shifted inspires us to think how our own cultures and societies can evolve, and to ask what we can do as individuals to shape that process.

5 Fascinating Culture and History Topics to Explore Today:-

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If you’re absolutely in love with the experience of reading and learning, then it only stands to reason that you’ve read your share of non-fiction books over the years. It’s not hard to see why, either. Non-fiction literature on topics like history, culture, and people are so much more than just collections of information. They’re also part of our collective story as human beings. That said, if regional interest reading material isn’t on your radar yet, it definitely should be. Local interest books are a wonderful way to explore a wide range of different topics from unique points of view that you might not have the chance to experience otherwise. The following are just a few options to consider the next time you’re looking for something new to explore.
 

1. Business and Entrepreneurship:-

Thanks to modern technology and the Internet, more people than ever before are exploring the wide, wonderful world of going into business for themselves. Topics like economics, business management, and product development are no longer just topics of interest for CEOs and company managers. These days, just about everyone is interested in what makes businesses of all types tick.Thanks to modern technology and the Internet, more people than ever before are exploring the wide, wonderful world of going into business for themselves. Topics like economics, business management, and product development are no longer just topics of interest for CEOs and company managers. These days, just about everyone is interested in what makes businesses of all types tick.

2. Ethnic Studies and Immigrants:-

Many people tend to think of America as not having much of a culture of its own. However, it would be more accurate to say that it’s a perfect patchwork of all the cultural influences that have made it what it is today. Our country would quite simply not be the same wonderful place without the immigrants that have called it home over the years.Exploring regional interest books on various communities and ethnic groups in America is a wonderful way to discover the amazing backstories of American immigrants and minorities through the ages. Learn how the contributions of immigrant Japanese, Italians, Irish, Chinese, and more helped shape their communities throughout history. Enrich your understanding of notable African American communities from all over the nation. Explore the many cultural influences as they relate to your own hometown’s backstory.

3. Food, Drink, and Restaurants:-

Food and drink is another incredibly hot topic these days. Just about everyone is exploring the possibilities offered by farm to table dining, food truck culture, craft brewing, or fusion cuisine. Local interest literature offers you the opportunity to dig even deeper and get to know your favorite culinary topics on an entirely new level.Explore the origins and influences behind the local cuisine in your hometown or in regards to your favorite vacation spots. Discover the rich traditions behind Cajun cuisine or learn all about how food trucks came to be considered such an essential Los Angeles staple. Explore the backstories behind individual eateries, farms, and local ingredients throughout history.

4. Hauntings and Paranormal:-

You’d be hard-pressed to find anyone who doesn’t appreciate a well-told ghost story. Stories of hauntings, paranormal phenomena, and unexplained happenings only become more fascinating when they’re rooted in history and based on real-life accounts.Regional interest literature is perhaps one of the best, most detailed ways to explore the history of hauntings and paranormal phenomena in America. Devour fascinating volumes devoted to some of America’s most infamously haunted cities, like Nashville, Boston, Charleston, and New Orleans. Even Reno and Las Vegas come alongside their own chilling tales of historic hauntings rooted in a fascinating past.

5. American Sports History:-

It’s hard to think of anything more American than sports. Whether you’re into baseball, football, hockey, or golf, the chances are excellent that you’ve been following your favorite teams in one capacity or another since childhood. However, there’s a lot more to being an avid sports enthusiast than stats and averages.Local interest history allows you a rivetingly intimate look at your favorite sports as they relate to American culture throughout history. Absorb the personal backstories of local legends that influenced the way sports are played forever. Learn more about the nation’s finest, most noteworthy college teams. Delve into the histories of famous venues, techniques, and strategies.With Arcadia Publishing’s robust collection of regional and local interest literature in your corner, the possibilities are wide open as far as all you can discover and learn. Start exploring today, and get to know all of your favorite topics, cities, and points of interest on an intimate new level.

Reference Links:-

https://history.yale.edu/undergraduate/regions-and-pathways/cultural-history
https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Navigation/Community/Arcadia-and-THP-Blog/April-2016/5-Fascinating-Culture-and-History-Topics-to-Explor

Optic Fibers in Communication

What are optical fibers ?

It is thin strands of pure glass which carry data over long distances. At very high speeds. The Fiber can be bent or twisted. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel without loss. Also, fibers are immune to the electromagnetic interference.

In an general optic fiber there is a core which is surrounded by cladding material which has lower refraction index than core.

Communication Systems

Basic Blocks

  • Transmitter : transmitter is one of the key elements of any fiber optic communications system and the choice of the correct one will depend upon the particular application that is envisaged.
  • Communication channel (medium) : A fiber-optic link (or fiber channel) is usually a part of an optical fiber communications system which provides a data connection between two points.

Communication channel

  1. Wired
  2. Wireless Glass
  • Destinations and Receiver : Fiber optic receivers convert light signals into electrical signals for use by equipment such as computer networks.

Advantages of optical fibers

  • Can carry much more information
  • Easily available & cheaper
  • Much longer distances than co-axial cables
  • Immune to electromagnetic noise
  • Light in weight
  • Unaffected by atmospheric agents
  • Longer life Not hazardous

Disadvantages of Optical fibers

  • Expensive to install
  • They have to be installed by specialists
  • More costly to repair
  • Can only be used on ground
  • The distance between transmitter and
  • Receiver should keep short

COMMERCIAL BANKS & CREDIT CREATION PROCESS

COMMERCIAL BANKS

A commercial bank is that financial institution which accepts deposits from the people and offers loans for the purpose of consumption or investment.

The rate if interest charged by the commercial banks(for the loans the offer) is higher the the rate of interest paid by them (for the deposits the accept ).The difference between two rates is called ‘spread’, which is the source of profit for the banks.

BASIC FUNCTION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS

Commercial banks perform two basic function:

1.Aceepting deposits

2. Advancing loans.

CREDIT CREATION PROCESS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS

Commercial banks create credit on the basics of their cash reserve .

Let assume all banks in the economy receive cash deposit of RS.10000. The banks are guided by their historical experience that all the depositors never withdraw their deposits at a single time. Thus, the bank find it safe to keep cash reserve of only 10% of their demand deposit. That is RS. 10000.

Now , the banks can safely advance loans of RS.9000 and earned profit. The banks never offer loan on cash so the loan amount again returned back to banking system of an economy. Now the total deposit of bank is RS.10000+RS.9000= RS.19000.

By keeping 10%of secondary deposit that is RS.9000 of 9000 he again lend RS.8100 and this process is going to continue until all cash balance are not going to exhaust.

With the help of credit multiplier a bank can know maximum of credit creation .

K = 1/RR

COVID-19 and Tourism


• UN report – COVID-19 and Tourism: An Update.

• Collapse of international tourism -cost the world at least $4 trillion.

• Report -jointly released by UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and UN World Tourist Organization (UNWTO).

• India – 54% drop in tourist arrivals in 2020.

• Tourism is not expected to return to pre- COVID levels until 2023.
 Cost the world -$1.7 trillion and $2.4 trillion in 2021.

• Three scenarios.
 Optimistic.
 Pessimistic.
 Uneven roll-out of vaccines. • Developing countries -majority in losses due
to the asymmetric roll-out of vaccines. • Tourism likely to pick up faster this summer

  • North America and Europe.
  • • Loss in tourism sector -Felt particularly by women and young people. • 100-120 million tourism jobs are at stake.
  • • Recommended quick roll-out of vaccines
    globally.
    • Appreciated The EU Digital COVID Certificate
    initiative.
     Facilitate safe free movement of citizens
    in the EU during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • • Recommended socio-economic measures to
    protect livelihoods.
  • • Grim warning -some tourism-related businesses
    would not survive even after restrictions are
    removed.

Globalization!

Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.

Globalization is driven by the convergence of political, cultural and economic systems that ultimately promote — and often necessitate — increased interaction, integration and dependency amongst nations.

The more that disparate regions of the world become intertwined politically, culturally and economically, the more globalized the world becomes.

These international interactions and dependencies are enabled and accelerated by advances in technology, especially in transportation and telecommunications. In general, money, technology, materials and even people flow more swiftly across national boundaries today than they ever have in the past. The flow of knowledge, ideas and cultures is expediated through Internet communications.

There are three types of globalization:

1. Economic globalization. This type focuses on the unification and integration of international financial markets, as well as multinational corporations that have a significant influence on international markets.
2. Political globalization. This type deals mainly with policies designed to facilitate international trade and commerce. It also deals with the institutions that implement these policies, which can include national governments as well as international institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization.
3. Cultural globalization. This type focuses on the social factors that cause cultures to converge — such as increased ease of communication and transportation, brought about by technology.

Electric Vehicle Market in India

Startups and Unicorns in EV Market.

  Ather and Ola are successful rivalries of the electric scooter market. Ola electric a unicorn company takes the smarter way by playing with the numbers. The company strongly believed that the price of electric scooters in India can be reduced only when the sales are as huge as 4000 units a year. They are strategically planning and working over the same. 

    Ather on the other hand is one of the early adopters of the Indian EV market. It had a slow and steady plan to capture the Indian market. Incubated at IITM in their early stage, they did a lot of brainstorming to achieve their design, range, and performance. As a result of this once it was introduced to the market people were awestruck with its design and came up with a question “Why not give it a try?”. Ather made sure that the try was worth the cost. Their service and support were well appreciated in the first place. Ather experience centres made a huge impact in its sales numbers. It made people realise that it’s more than just a ride.

   Patrimony Automotive players like Hero Motorcorp, Bajaj Auto, TVS Auto came up with their own strategies and features to launch in the Indian market and they are blooming in the same. Bajaj Chetak has a terrific range of 95 kilometers on a single charge, which is more than enough for a user to switch from petrol to an Electric vehicle. The e-showroom on their website is made in such a way that users can get the feel of visiting a showroom and exploring the vehicle with a smartphone in their hands.

 Apart from these startups like Ultroviolette, Ampere electric, Okinawa scooters are also trying to sustain a better place in the Indian Market. Ultraviolette bike is expected to have exceptional sales due to its breath-taking design and performance. 

Passenger Electric Vehicles:

The passenger electric vehicles sales in India have not met their expected growth in sales. But the market is predicted to change in the upcoming years. The key players in electric passenger vehicles in India are as follows:

  • Tata – Nexon EV.
  • Hyundai – Kona EV.
  • Morris Garage – ZS EV.
  • Tata – Tigor EV.

Nexon EV has a range of about 312 km on a single charge while MG ZS EV and Kona EV have a promising range of about 419kms and 452kms respectively. The offered range is promising and sufficient for trips and travels. They have pretty good acceleration and drive modes.

Tesla, a prominent player in the EV market across the world, has entered the Indian market and things are anticipated to change. Headquartered in Bangalore(the city of EV growth), the company is making plans to reduce the battery cost and production cost. The charging infrastructure would become better due to the dashing intervention of Tesla.

The growth of EVs in India is mainly dependent on the charging infrastructure across the country and experts are Forecasting it to get better in the upcoming years.

https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/volkswagen-id-3-rivalling-tesla-hatchback-due-in-2023-421249

https://www.fortuneindia.com/enterprise/the-big-electric-scooter-battle/105440

Privacy in Internet era

The use of digital technology is growing, and people are becoming more aware of it, as well as the numerous benefits that technology provides. They are always connected, can contact almost anyone from anywhere, and carry the world’s most powerful information source in their pockets. People, on the other hand, appear to overlook one fact: how much data technology generates. And that’s where the issue of privacy comes into the picture and it is no secret that the modern use of the Internet and social media has a significant impact on people’s privacy. And our need for privacy is one of the characteristics that define us as human beings. Nobody like having their privacy invaded, whether it’s by someone looking over our shoulder or by a data breach. Every day, we come across headlines concerning privacy breaches that make us worry. The Internet is commonly regarded as a tool that has enabled people to write their own stories and share their experiences with a global network of people. As we continue to digitize every aspect of our lives, from gyms to vacation destinations, security and privacy protection will become increasingly more important in the coming years. As a result, it is growing easier to unintentionally give out sensitive information via email, social media, and other means these days. From internet service providers collecting user browsing history to software vendors gathering broad data about our personal life, there is a lot of data being collected about us. As a result, simple laws and regulations ensuring consumers’ ability to opt out of personal data collecting are urgently needed. In the digital era, this would go a long way toward safeguarding privacy.

Until 2021, the total sum of our personal information on the internet will be around 1.2 Million TBs, and it will undoubtedly rise in the future. Have we ever thought about how to keep it safe? If we continue to take this lightly, the day will come when digital privacy issues will attract an increase in cyber attacks, resulting in a loss of reputation, theft of sensitive documents, and a lack of confidence among users.

To emphasize the importance of data privacy in our lives, we should all take a look at the approaches or methods that can help us add value to data privacy.

  • Using technologies to effectively manage compliance and vulnerability in security.
  • Auditing security setups on a regular basis.
  • Staffs should be well-trained and educated on the ongoing threat of ransom ware.
  • Make the Privacy Procedures sound more effective by updating them.
  • Creating and restoring backup files with caution.
  • For reaching the unreachable updates, technology should be used.
  • Obtaining illegible H/W Channels from the attackers.
  • Also education has the duty of transferring awareness, attitudes, skills, and conduct from actual life domains such as home, school, and friends to young people.

From beginning till the end, it can be concluded that data privacy should not be overlooked. And what we should be doing right now is actively participating in the fight to make our lives more secure in this era of digitization.

Cyber Stalking – A Psychological Study

Cyber stalking is a crime in which stalkers use the internet or another electronic device to stalk an individual. It is also known as online harassment or online abuse. It entails harassing or threatening an individual on a regular basis. Stalking can be done in the following ways such as to follow a person till his home or where he does his business, to cause destruction to a person’s property, leaving written messages or objects, or making harassing phone calls.

The Cyber stalkers always think that they’re anonymous and can hide. In other words, the cyber stalker’s greatest power is their ability to rely on the anonymity that the internet offers them, allowing them to monitor their victim’s activities without their name being revealed. Thus, there is a need of efficient cyber tools to investigate cyber crimes and to be prepared to defend against them and to bring victims to justice.

Extreme narcissism, hatred, frustration, vengeance, jealousy, obsession, psychiatric disorder, power and control, sadistic fantasies, sexual predation, internet addiction, or religious bigotry are all psychological reasons for stalking. Some of them are discussed below:

  • Jealousy: Stalking can be motivated by jealousy, especially when it involves ex-lovers and present partners.
  • Obsession: Obsession could be another reason for stalking. The stalker may be drawn to the victim on a sexual or mental basis. The difference between admiring and stalking is very marginal.
  • Erotomania: It’s a type of belief in which the stalker believes the victim, who is usually a stranger or well-known figure, is in love with him.
  • Harassment: Cyber stalking is claimed to be motivated by this. This is due to the fact that the internet reflects actual life.
  • Revenge or Hate- Even though the victim is not the cause of the stalker’s feelings of hatred and revenge, he or she remains the stalker’s target. Based on the aforementioned causes for stalking, a stalker could be obsessed, outraged, psychotic, or crazy, and the Internet appears to be the most convenient venue for the stalker to vent his feelings of hatred and revenge.

In particular, there are three types of stalkers. Obsession stalkers are motivated by their fixation with sexual harassment and sometimes love, deluded stalkers are motivated by the urge to display their authority, and vengeful stalkers are motivated by the want to exact retribution.

The term cyber space means the environment where the communication takes place using internet. To put it another way, the internet has created a world. A global domain inside the digital landscape consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunication systems, computer systems, and embedded processors can be classified as cyber space. Another term is the virtual environment in which worldwide PCs’ electronic data circulates. This is a hazy explanation of cyberspace. Its fundamental feature is that it is made up of many computer networks, switches, routers, servers, and so on. It consists of a collection of infrastructures including transportation, banking, finance, telecommunications, energy, and public health.

Cyber stalking is an activity in which a person, abuser, or stalker uses the internet or electronic media to stalk or harass another person or victim. In cyber stalking, a stalker may communicate with a victim via email, social media, messaging apps, or other forms of online communication. A stalker may use the internet to harass a person by posting messages, pictures, or information about them. Some also track location or online activities of individuals while stalking. Although cyber stalkers do not physically follow the person who has been wronged, they do so virtually. The cyber stalkers do adopt all types of technological and digital instruments assault but it is an emotional assault and harassment which is carried out by using electronic media. However, the provisions made for cyber stalking are not the same as those made for real-life scenarios.

Digital marketing has became necessary

Take a risk and keep testing, because what works today won’t work tomorrow, but what worked yesterday may work again.”- Amrita Sahasrabudhe.

Digital marketing is a canopy for marketing. It is all about marketing Products and services through digital technologies, overall the Internet, digital marketing involves all marketing weapon that requires an electronic device or the internet.

When small businesses get started, their focus is often on how to get their first group of customers through the door. They may rely on traditional forms of advertising, such as print ads and coupon mailers or even big signs on the side of the road. They may trust that since they know they offer a good product or service, it’s only a matter of time until customers will find their
way to them.

This decade 2021, in just a three month whole world is facing new pandemic (covid19). As per government order we have to maintain social distancing and isolation. Every social gathering is
canceled. Small business or any other company can take this situation as an opportunity. As everyone will be in there houses all they gonna do there is watch TV, laptop or stick to there phone. This will be best opportunity to show cast there product or company.

Nower day people tend to believe in digital marketing then the traditional one. It’s an psychology of people if their favorite or popular celebrity do promote the particular product they will bye it then the unknown face doing the same ad. They qualities of advertisement also plays an important role on consumers mind. ” popular the celebrity is the more costumer they will attract”.

The group of potential customers that are found online is a much larger group of people than you are likely to be able to attract locally. Using digital marketing, you can reach an enormous audience in a way that is both cost-effective and measurable.

41% of U.S. buyers search and buy on Amazon while 28% search on Google then buy on Amazon, so small business SEO is still crucial . 3.2 billion people or 42% of the world population uses social media today (Emersys, 2019). Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Reddit, and LinkedIn are the market leaders. LinkedIn offers 80% of social media B2B leads, for example. On average, these people spend 2 hours and 22 minutes on social media networks per day, 80% of the time is on mobile.



At last “It’s hard to find things that won’t sell online.” – Jeff Bezos