Day: July 17, 2021

Mendel’s laws of inheritance

Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. He recognized the mathematical patterns of inheritance from one generation to the next. Mendel’s Laws of Heredity are usually stated as-

The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is defined by a gene pair. Parental genes are randomly separated into the sex cells so that sex cells contain only one gene of the pair. Offspring, therefore, inherit one genetic allele from each parent when sex cells unite in fertilization. In the case of flower colour, the Mendel Pea Experiment showed that a cross between a purple flower plant and a white flower plant produced only purple flower plants for the F1 generation. It appeared that the white flower characteristic had disappeared. However, the F2 generation threw up a surprising result; the white flower variant appeared in a quarter of this generation.

The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits are sorted separately from one another so that the inheritance of one trait is not dependent on the inheritance of another. Mendel examined two different traits, seed colour and seed shape. Two alleles at the locus controlling seed shape were studied, the dominant round (R) and recessive wrinkled (r) alleles. Mendel crossed one parent that was homozygous for the dominant alleles of these two different genes (round yellow RRYY) with another parent that was homozygous for the recessive alleles of those two genes (wrinkled green rryy). Re-stating the basic question, do the alleles at each locus always stay together (i.e. round with yellow, wrinkled with green) or do they appear in new combinations in the progeny? As expected from the 1st law, the F1 generation shows a uniform round yellow phenotype, since one dominant and one recessive allele was inherited from the parents. When the F2 progeny are obtained by crossing the F1 generation, the parental phenotypes reappear (as expected from the first law), but two nonparental phenotypes also appear that differ from the parents: wrinkled yellow and round green! The results can be explained by the alleles of each different gene assorting into gametes independently. For example, in the gametes from the F1 generation, R can assort with Y or y, and r can assort with Y or y, so that four types of gametes form: RY, Ry, rY, and ry. These can rejoin randomly with other gametes from the F1 generation.

The Law of Dominance: An organism with alternate forms of a gene will express the dominant form. The genetic experiments Mendel did with pea plants took him eight years (1856-1863) and he published his results in 1865. During this time, Mendel grew over 10,000 pea plants, keeping track of progeny number and type. Mendel’s work and his Laws of Inheritance were not appreciated in his time. It wasn’t until 1900, after the rediscovery of his Laws, that his experimental results were understood.

Single gene disorders

Single gene disorders are caused by DNA changes in one particular gene and often have predictable inheritance patterns. Over 10,000 human disorders are caused by a change, known as a mutation, in a single gene. These are known as single-gene disorders. The mutated version of the gene responsible for the disorder is known as a mutant, or disease, allele. Individually, single-gene disorders are very rare, but as a whole, they affect about one per cent of the population. Since only a single gene is involved, these disorders can be easily tracked through families and the risk of them occurring in later generations can be predicted. Single gene disorders can be divided into different categories: dominant, recessive and X-linked.

Dominant diseases – Dominant diseases are single-gene disorders that occur in the heterozygous state –when an individual has one mutant copy of the relevant gene and one healthy copy. The effects of the mutant version of the gene (allele) override the effects of the healthy version of the gene. So, the mutant allele causes disease symptoms even though a healthy allele is present. Dominant disorders tend to crop up in every generation of an affected family because very one carrying a dominant mutant allele shows the symptoms of the disease.  Dominant disorders spread vertically down family trees, from parent to child. In rare cases when an individual has two copies of the mutant gene  (also known as being homozygous), the disorder symptoms are generally more severe.  An example of a dominant single gene disorder is Huntington’s disease, which is a disease of the nervous system.

Recessive diseases – Recessive diseases are single-gene disorders that only occur in the homozygous state – when an individual carries two mutant versions (alleles) of the relevant gene. The effects of the healthy allele can compensate for the effects of the mutant allele. The mutant allele does not cause disease symptoms when a healthy allele is also present. However, if a parent inherits two mutant alleles, there are no healthy alleles, so the mutant allele can exert its effect. As shown in the diagram below, affected individuals arise when both of their parents carry a single mutated allele and each pass on that mutated copy to the child so the child then has two mutated copies. In this diagram, the mother of the affected grandson has inherited a mutated copy from the grandmother, and the father has inherited a mutated copy from his family. Recessive diseases are more difficult to trace through family trees because carriers of a mutant allele do not show symptoms of the disease. It, therefore, appears that the disease has skipped a generation when it is seen in groups of children within a family. The risk of an individual having a recessive disorder increases when two closely related people have a child together (consanguinity). This is because there is a much greater chance that the same mutant allele will be present in related parents.

X-linked disorders – X-linked disorders are single-gene disorders that result from the presence of a mutated gene on the X chromosome. Because females (XX) have two copies of the X chromosome, but males (XY) only have one copy, X-linked disorders are more common in males. If a male’s single copy on the X chromosome is mutated, he has no healthy copy to restore healthy function. The inheritance patterns of X-linked diseases are simplified by the fact that males always pass their X chromosome to their daughters but never to their sons. Like other single-gene disorders, X-linked disorders can be either recessive or dominant.

X-linked recessive diseases – Examples of X-linked recessive disorders include red-green color blindness,  hemophilia and the Duchenne and Becker forms of muscular dystrophy.  X-linked recessive disorders are much more common in males than females because two copies of the mutant allele are required for the disorder to occur in females, while only one copy is required in males. The inheritance patterns of X-linked recessive disorders are as follows: The overall pattern of the disease is characterized by the transmission of the disease from a carrier mother, who inherited a copy of the mutant gene from her affected father.

CRIMINALS:ARE THEY BORN (OR) MADE

When we think about how we should prevent and punish criminals on the question of whether criminals are born or made. We first should understand the behaviour traits of criminals because personality is the major factor in many kinds of behaviour, one of which is criminal behaviour. To determine what makes a criminal to become as “a criminal,” we must understand his/her personality.

Are criminals born or made? This question has been crushed the brains of psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists for many years at several incidents and efforts have been made to establish the nature of criminality. The born or made argument, known as the “nature versus nurture” debate, arises the question, whether criminality is due to genetic factors, and therefore unavoidable, or whether it is the product of social, situational, environmental surroundings, and other external factors.

Criminal behaviour has been increasing virtually throughout the every part of the world because such behaviour may be passed on from father to son and the genetically deprived criminal under class is breeding faster than the rest of society, he argues. Majorly, the psychological factors which inhibit criminal behaviour are fear and conscience.

Psychologists after many experiments they came up with an opinion that criminal behaviour lie in genetics and as well as environmental situations but it doesn’t mean that every criminal will posses with same type of behavioural traits. According to the population census of India the children who were born to thug is used to be recorded as a thug, this was registered under the criminal tribe act(1870). This act resembles that there is a chance of getting criminal behaviour if the child was born to a thug.

In these days we are observing that even some of the common people are also becoming criminals with out having any past crime background. So, this is the point where we have to think about the impact of society or the environment on the criminal. Guys, a criminal is also a human who posses all the common things as we all have but the only difference is that the perspective and the surrounding where a criminal has risen.

Most of the teenagers and children has a high tendencies to learn from their surroundings. Petty crimes committed by children may appear to be a tale to friends who may also be involved the same for pleasurable. Over duration of time, this behaviour may prove to become a permanent thing. Peer pressure is mainly clear in the slums where houses close to one another. Among other factors, this explains why crime rate is on the higher on average in poor vicinity.

According to study, families in inner cities are facing many challenges. There is extremely huge number of single parent families where mostly the father is missing. This impacts the children in those families a lot especially boys need a father figure in the family to help them grow and learn how to control their manhood. Surroundings around a person influences a person a lot as like an old proverb says that wicked group damage decent principles. There are several reasons behind a person to become as a criminal that may be because of his financial standards or because of family issues or sometimes because of being as victim also.

Now a days we see many people who are at higher positions in their career are also becoming as a criminals. This type of scenarios clearly show us that having lots of degrees in hand can’t stop the people in turning them as a criminals. The main reason behind these scenarios are lack of essential values and ethics which are missing in todays education system and this effect is adversely creating a negative roots on society.

An Author Ahead of his Time

People travelling ahead of time is not something that we get to come across daily. Well, maybe we do, but we just don’t know because they are ahead of their time, and are probably considered outrageous or maybe just stupid by us today.

One such person who was WAY ahead of his time was Vaikom Muhammad Basheer. Basheer was born in Thalayolaparambu near Vaikom in the Kottayam distrect of Kerala in 1908. He was a freedom fighter, writer, novelist, and short story writer. He has also written screenplays and dialogues for movies. He is well known for his down-to-earth and unconventional style of writing.

Basheer was also a follower of Gandhian ideologies, after he was introduced to them during the Vaikom Sathyagraha during which Mahatma Gandhi had visited Vaikom. This incident and the ideologies that formed afterwards became the content and inspiration behind a lot of Basheer’s works.

Basheer wrote his first works in his early 30s, and in order to sell those, he himself carried those in trains, sold them to interested people, waited till they finished reading it (which was possible because most novels by Basheer are pretty small, around 70-90 pages), and got it back to sell to the next customer.

Basheer’s writings cover an entire spectrum of genres, from comedy and satire to poignant stories, and love stories. But one common feature seen in the works of Vaikom Muhammad Basheer are the underlying social commentary. Basheer was very vocal in his criticisms of various religious and social aspects. He was never one to shy away from controversial topics. He believed what he wrote was his point of view, and no one else had a say in his beliefs. In fact, he was so vocal that he has even been sent to jail for the content he wrote.

Even though the social commentary can be seen in most of Basheer’s works, the one that stood out, among critics and avid readers is the 1947 novel Shabdangal (The Voices), in which he talked about orphanhood, war, hunger, disease and prostitution. The entire novel is set up as a conversation between a soldier who fought in the Second World War, and the author. The soldier was left at a four way junction as soon as he was born. He had never known the taste of breast milk, or the warmth of a mother’s hands. All he had done in life was kill people for other people. Once, he had to kill his friend, at the request of the same friend because he was injured during the war, and had no chance of survival. Basheer cleverly states the symptoms of PTSD, without citing the actual disease. The soldier cannot bear the sight of blood, and he is afraid to bathe as he considers water to be the blood of the earth. He is disgusted at the sight of “those dyed pieces of cloths” referring to flags. He claims that all flags do is create a divide among humans.

Upon returning from the war, he is curious about sex, and the female body, which leads him to his first sexual encounter, which turns out to be with a male prostitute dressed as a female. Following this he contracts gonorrhea and syphilis and becomes a homeless wanderer.  The insanity of the world and the futility of life pushed the soldier to attempt suicide. But he failed. He wished to confess about his life, which brought him to the doorstep of the author.

Mathilukal is just one of the many novels in which Basheer talks about the hypocrisy of mankind, and the divisive nature of the ones who govern the people. His protagonists were usually thieves, prostitutes, pickpockets, gamblers, etc. whom he portrayed to be naïve, pure, and to be victims of the system. The thoughts that Basheer exhibited in the novels weren’t welcome back in the day when it was written, but soon around 20 years after they were wriiten, people started seeing how it was a true masterpiece. Basheer wrote down thoughts in a manner that even the lowest sects of the society could understand them. Basheer had the rare talent to leave a long lasting impression in the mind of the readers, something that we don’t get to see daily!

“Albert Einstein” Biography

“Albert Einstein” is the father of “Modern Physics”. He was born in Ulm Kingdom of Wurttemberg, German empire on March 14, 1879. His father name was Hermann Einstein and Mother’s name was Pauline Koch. He was born into a Jewish family his father was a scientific utility salesman electrician and mother was a housekeeper in 1880 the family moved to Monica in 1894.

When Einstein was 15 and his family moved to Italy first to Milan and a few months later to Pavia. Albert attended a Catholic
elementary school in Munich from the age of 5, for three years. At the age of 8, he was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium, where he received advanced primary and secondary school education. The twelve year old Einstein taught himself algebra and Euclidean geometry. After Graduation, Einstein spent two years in search a
teaching job but didn’t find finally he got to a job as an assistant examiner at the Federal office for intellectual property the patent office. Einstein and Mileva Maric married in January 1930. They had three children
Lieseri Einstein, Hans Albert Einstein, and Eduard Einstein. In 1905, he completed twelve-year-olds which was entitled “A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions”. For the work, he was awarded a Ph.D. by the
University of Zurich. In 1905, he came up with his revolutionary works, which were focused on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, the special theory of relativity, and the equivalent of matter and energy. In 1945 he published his groundbreaking papers the paper provided
information on the photoelectric effect Brownian motion Special, Relativity, the equivalence of matter and energy this papers doubt Einstein to the Limelight and he became instantly famous and was
recognized as the leading scientist.

In 1988 he was appointed as a lecturer at the University of Bern. How were Einstein quit this position as well as the one he was holding at the patent office to take up profile of docent at the University of Zurich. In 1911 he become a full-time Professor at the Kari-Ferdinand University in Prague.

Einstein separated from his wife Mileva. In 1915 Einstein applies need as the President of the Golf german physical society that he held two years during this time Einstein also attended membership at the Prussian Academy of Sciences their divorce was final on 14 February 1919 he married Elsa Lowenthal, in 2nd June 1919. He invited officially by the mayor of New York in April 2 1921 and delivered several lecturers at the Columbia and Princeton University. Then he moved to Washington DC after that he visited in many countries including Singapore, Caylon, Japan, America, Belgium to serve his Lecture. Suddenly a new law had been set in Germany according to which Jews could not hold any official positions including teaching at the universities not only was Einstein’s work targeted he himself was on the list of assassination targets of the Nazis with a $5,000 bounty on his head. Einstein found his temporary shelter in England. Then he made the decision to permanently stay in the United States and does applied for citizenship Einstein gained citizenship in the US in the year 1940 Einstein in his later years was even offered the position of president of Israel but he declined the same stating that he had neither the attitude nor the experience in 1921 he received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1929 Einstein was presented with the Max Planck medal of the German physical society in Berlin. The chemical element Einstein was named for him. He died at Princeton New Jersey, United States on 18 April 1955, at the age of 76. “ A PERSON WHO NEVER MADE A MISTAKE NEVER TRIED ANYTHING NEW”.

Priyanka Gandhi’s demand on cancelation of UP Block Pramukh Elections.

On July 16 Priyanka Gandhi arrived in UP and is ready and is ready to revive Congerss in the state. On the second day of visit Piyanka Gandhi visited Lakhimpur to meet the victims of abbuse at Block Pramukh Election.

Priyanka Gandhi said that she and all the women of our country are with them and will support them. She also pointed out the authorities for being responsible to conduct the elections in a proper manner without any violence. and demanded the elections to be terminated and to be held again in a organised manner.

She talked to the victims and pointed out the silence of administration and that whenever anything like this happens the elections are terminated but why it is not happening here.

She also mentioned that Prime Minister congratulated UP to successfully conducting the elections even after all that happened and took place not at a single but at more than one place. And asked for the better investigation and to held the election again in a stable manner.

Why plastic bags should get banned?

Plastic bags are harming our environment. Plastics are non biodegradable product which means that they will not degrade in the soil for thousands and thousands of years. Plastic harms our environment in all the ways it can.

How plastic degrades our environment?

Land pollution from plastics…

Firstly, let’s talk about land pollution so if we throw plastic bags on for example, soil, it will not degrade easily and it will degrade may be after thousand years but the chemicals which are used to make the plastic bag degrade the fertility of the soil. Plastic bags are made from poisonous chemicals and if we will throw it in soil firstly it will degrade the fertility of the soil and secondly it will make the crop poisonous and if we will eat that food crops that will grow on such soil we can even die so it deplete the fertility of soil and at the same time makes our food poisonous. Please ,Please ,Please never throw plastic bags on soil or some land area where crops are grown. This way it causes land pollution.

How plastics causes animals death?

Sometimes animals eat plastic bags which causes them to choke. We should never throw plastic bags in garbages because in our country especially in India cows and many other animals like dogs eat from garbages and if by mistake they eat plastic it will let them to die so please never throw garbage inside plastic bags.

Water pollution from plastics…

Plastic bags also causes water pollution. Let’s see how. So when plastics are thrown inside water, the Marine animals which used to live inside the water bodies , by mistake eat that plastic or even a part of the plastic bag which made them to die. The plastic bags are made from poisonous chemicals so please remember never to throw plastic bags anywhere.

In these above-mentioned ways and many more ways plastics destroys our environment.

Measures taken against plastics by different countries…

Some Countries banned plastic totally while some other countries levied taxes on it. But a country is made by its countrymen and we are the country man of India and it is our national duty to stop using plastic bags and save our environment. In our country today also people are using plastic bags even after knowing that they are not good for our environment and causes so many problems.

Why still using plastic bags?

The question is why we are not stopping ourselves from using the plastic bags even if we know that it causes harmful effects on environment. So, there are a lot of reasons behind it. Let’s discuss them one by one.

The first reason is that we are used to it. We habitual of using plastic bags.

The second reason is that it is very convenient to use plastic bags. Plastic bags are lightweight and are very small in size so it becomes very easy for us to carry them . On the other hand cloth or jute bags are not lightweight and are big also, which makes them inconvenient or less convenient than plastic bags.

The third reason is that plastic bags are very cheap. So it’s easy to buy them.

So there are many more reasons but these are the main reasons which make plastic bags very common in use.

Conclusion

We should today take the oath that we have to never use plastic bags and this is not a rule that you have to follow against your will but this is your duty to never never never use plastic bags because it’s our Earth we can make it a better place to live for everybody else.We always want to change our society and the world. But let me tell you very clearly that you can’t.

You can just change yourself and you know what that will make the world change.

“If you can change yourself, you can change the world and if you can’t change yourself ,you will never be able to change the world.”

Thankyou so much for reading.

Sustainable paper

In a world where paper use has increased by 400% in the past 40 years and paper production is greater than 300 million metric tons per year, destruction of trees and natural habitats is at its peak. This means it is time for humans to demand fewer resources from the environment, but also for us to convert to more sustainable paper alternatives.

Tree-free papers:

  • Bagasse, also known as sugarcane waste – the fibrous residue remaining after pulp and sugar is separated
  • Cow and Elephant manure – the supply of this raw material is substantial, and as the animal chews plants during consumption, there are less steps needed to grind it once it is released from the animal’s body

Links:

https://www.tonerbuzz.com/facts-about-paper/

Tiger Shroff does another dance cover of a K-pop song

K-pop as usual is loved by a lot of people all around the world and recently there are many Indian celebrities that have come out about their love for k pop. All if these one is Tiger Shroff. Previously when most popular k-pop group BTS released their first full English song it was loved by fans all over the world and also sat up some new records. The band also got nominated for Grammys for dynamite.

Tiger Shroff did a dance cover to the song and it was appreciated by many fans of BTS.

And once again Tiger Shroff has done a dance cover of “Mmmh” BY kAI of the popular boy band EXO. The song was released a month ago and was a big hit.

where many fans are appreciatibng the fact that K pop is getting the recognisation it deserve there are some of the fans who are accusing the actor to grab attention by coverng the songs all of sudden. Acoording to them as Kpop is getting popular worldwide people are just getting around it for clout.

So, WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THIS. DON’T FORGET TO TELL YOUR THOUGHTS IN THE COMMENTS ABOUT DO YOU THIN THAT TIGER SHROFF IS DOING JUST CAUSE HE LIKES TO DO OR TO GRAB THE CLOUT ONLY??

TOP 5 ALTERNATIVES OF STREAM2WATCH

ABOUT STREAM2WATCH :-

Stream2Watch is currently one of the best and well-known free sports streaming website in the market. The only drawback with this website is that it has certain restrictions which are applied on it in certain countries otherwise, there is no other strong competitor of it. Therefore, its time to learn about some of the other alternatives of Stream2Watch for the sports enthusiasts.

ALTERNATIVES OF STREAM2WATCH :-

  • SportsP2P :- SportsP2P is an online streaming site that provides its users access to live broadcasts of various sports events using technology which is based on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology. It is a simple, user-friendly and go through website for users and provides a variety of sports events for streaming. The most exciting feature of this website is that it runs very smoothly on Android based devices also. A group chat functionality is also available for the users where they can discuss and give their views on various topics related to sports events.
  • Mama HD :- Mama HD is one of the most well organized website that is available in the market currently. It offers completely free services to its users in High-Definition (HD) resolution. It covers the streaming of almost all the sports that are being played around the world. However, content is not stored on the site. The site is totally ads free which is a great relief for its users. But even after these wonderful advantage, there is still a catch. The catch is that many users complain about its customer service and it is not at all reliable.
    But users need not to worry about this as errors during live streaming of any sport is very rare to happen.
  • Live TV :- As the name suggests, this website is mainly a live streaming platform. The users need not to create any account on this website and it is totally free to access for the users. However, if users create an account then they can enjoy some additional features which are not available for users who do not have an account. Like users can interact more efficiently with the website and can create their own playlists.
    The streaming is not stored on the website as only links are provided during live streaming of the matches. Users have the option to watch stream directly on Live TV or can be directed to the original source. One breakthrough advantage of this website is that it allows streaming of various digital games also.
  • CricFree :- CricFree has been in this field from years now making it one of the best alternative of Stream2Watch that is currently available in the market. However, they mainly emphasize on streaming sports games in England. One thing that makes this website a tough competitor is that it smoothly runs on Android also and an app version of it is designed for the same.
    Honestly telling there are almost no ads! Yes. You hear it right. When in today’s world every site is full with marketing ads, this site is a worth to consider.
    This site’s interface allows filtering options also on the basis of sports network source, sports type and many more. There is also a chat room available where users can interact with themselves and have fun. Go! have a visit to this site and you will love it.

5. Sport Lemon :- This website is considered as one of the most well organized sports streaming platform. The site contains no ads.
Users are not required to create an account to access the contents available on this platform. One major advantage of this platform is that it stores the streaming of previous sports matches also which is not available on most of the other websites.
The user-interface is quite brilliant and users can filter sports events on the basis of various categories including time zones.

AND HERE COMES THE CONCLUSION! :-

After having a long discussion on variety of Stream2Watch alternatives one can conclude that there are a lot of exciting sites available in the market for the users. The only thing that is required is a good research and better understanding of what one wants. Every site has its pros and cons, but it totally depends on the user what he/she is looking for.
Just handpick few of these recommended sites and you will never be deprived of a good quality HD content with more or less no ads from where ever you want and whenever you need. Just have a smartphone or a laptop or a PC and a good network connection and you are ready to go and rock!!!

Important Constitutional Rights granted exclusively for women

These are some important rules that EVERY INDIAN must know!

Human’s rights are Woman’s rights and Woman’s rights are Human’s rights

Hillary Clinton

Legal provisions for women that everyone should know

We live in a world where gods and goddesses are worshipped and women are harassed, tortured, abused and abducted every single day. The Government of India confers important rights to Indian women, investigating cases related to many women. Unfortunately, many women in India are not aware of their rights which are provided in different Indian laws.

On the basis of gender equality, an Indian woman has 11 rights in India.

1. Women have a right to Zero FIR

A FIR that can be filed at any police station irrespective of the location where the incident occurred or a specific jurisdiction it comes under, the Zero FIR can later be transfered to the Police Station in whose jurisdiction the case falls under. This ruling was passed by the Supreme Court to save the victim’s time and prevent an offender from getting away scot-free.

2. Women have the right against being stalked

Section 354D of the IPC makes way for legal action to be taken against an offender if he/she follows a woman, tries to contact her to foster personal interaction repeatedly despite a clear indication of disinterest; or monitor the use by a woman of the internet, email or any other form of electronic communication.

3. Female sexual assault victims have the right to keep their identity anonymous

To ensure the protection of privacy of a woman, a woman who has been sexually assaulted may record her statement alone before the district magistrate when the case is under trial, or in the presence of a female police officer.

4. Women have the right against workplace harassment

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act gives a female the right to file a complaint against any kind of sexual harassment at her place of work. Under this act, she can submit a written complaint to an Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) at a branch office within a period of 3 months.

5. Women have right not to be arrested at night

Unless there is an exceptional case on the orders of a first class magistrate, a woman cannot be arrested after sunset and before sunrise. In addition, the law also states that the police can interrogate a woman at her residence only in the presence of a woman constable and family members or friends.

6. Women have a right against domestic violence

Section 498 of the Indian Constitution looks to protect a wife, female live-in partner or a woman living in a household like a mother or a sister from domestic violence (including verbal, economic, emotional and sexual) by the hands of a husband, male live-in partner or relatives. The accused shall be punished with a non-bailable imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine.

7. Women have the right to get free legal aid

Under the Legal Services Authorities Act, female rape victims have the right to get free legal aid or help from the Legal Services Authority who has to arrange a lawyer for her.

8. Women have the right to equal pay

According to the provisions listed under the Equal Remuneration Act, one cannot be discriminated on the basis of sex when it comes to salary, pay or wages. Working women have the right to draw an equal salary, as compared to men.

9. Women have the right to dignity and decency

In an event of accused being a woman, any medical examination procedure on her must be performed by — or in the presence of another woman.

10. Women have the right against indecent representation

Depiction of a woman’s figure (her form or any body part) in any manner that is indecent, derogatory, or is likely to deprave, corrupt or injure the public morality or morals, is a punishable offence.

11. Women have the right to register virtual complaints

The law gives women the provision for filing virtual complaints via e-mail, or writing her complaint and sending it to a police station from a registered postal address. Further, the SHO (Station House Officer) has to a police constable to her place to record her complaint. This is in case a woman is not in a position to physically go to a police station and file a complaint.

It is high time Women become aware of their rights and Stand up strong! Rise up together against the injustices happening against Women!!

  • Source: India Today

References: India Today

How to grow Aloevera and Uses of it

Most people know that you can use Aloevera to soothe sunburns. However, this versatile plant has several other medicinal properties, making it one of nature’s best herbal remedies. Its vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients make it an anti-inflammatory powerhouse. We can find Aloevera plant in everything from skin and hair care products to ointments, drinks.

There are 500 species of aloe vera, but Aloe barbadensis Miller, native to the Arabian peninsula, is the most widely available and most popular one. You can buy a small plant from farmers markets or small local growers, and let it grow, or buy a large plant and divide it as it gets even bigger.

Aloe vera needs a minimum of six hours of daily sunlight, so it’ll grow best in bright spots indoors (especially in the winter) or in a sheltered, sunny part of the garden. It can handle full sun, but it doesn’t need it. You can move the plant outside during summer, just make sure it receives the proper amount of light. 

Aloe vera leaves are long and slightly curved with ragged edges. Inside, you’ll find a clear gel.

Use sharp, clean kitchen scissors or a knife, and cut a bottom leaf from the base of the plant. Place the cut aloe leaf into a small cup or glass, cut end down. You’ll notice a yellow sap seeping out—allow it to drain for 10 minutes before discarding it. 

While not toxic in small quantities, this sap is bitter, has laxative properties, and can cause intestinal discomfort.

Once you get rid of the sap, it’s time to extract the aloe vera gel. Using a clean, sharp knife, trim the fleshy leaf’s top, bottom, and sides, then slice it horizontally, like filleting a fish. With a clean large spoon or a dull knife, gently scrape the mucilaginous gel into a container.

Aloe vera gel is known for its anti-inflammatory, skin protection, antibacterial, antiviral, antiseptic, and wound healing properties.

Aloevera gel is used to treat

Acne

Dandruff

Mosquito bites

It can be also used as moisturiser and sanitizer.

Interesting facts about south korea

Appearance and looking good are an important part of South Korean culture. South korea is obsessed with beauty and perfection. South korea ranks among the top 10 global markets when it comes to makeup and cosmetics. 20% to 30 % of women undergo plastic surgery and lot of parents give their daughter a plastic surgery on their 16 birthday. Can you believe it ? About 20% of Korean men put on make-up on regular basis.

South korea retains 1st place for fastest internet speed in 2017.

40% of South Korean do not follow any religion.

Traditional south Korean culture uses red to write the names of dead.

The number 4 is a symbol of bad luck in south korea. You won’t find the ‘fourth floor’ in South Korea.

Taekwondo is the national sport of South Korea

Group blind dating in south korea is called Meeting or So-getting and is very popular way for young University student to meet over dinner and drinks.

Babies in South Korea are considered one year old at birth and following the New Year in South Korea, everybody automatically ages a year. Koreans will always be a year older than you.

You must be of 19 years to drink, smoke or vote in south korea. Adultery is legalized in 2015.

The economy of South Korean is 4th largest in asia and 11th largest in the world.

The Korean alphabet has 24 letters and it does not follow a word order. Above 20% of south koreans have the last name kim.

In south korea, online banking and shopping must be done through internet explorer. This is a law in south korea.

South Korea has the lowest number of obese citizens in the world. Obviously because of their healthy lifestyle.

‘INDEPENDENCE DAY’ Celebration

Mother India breathed the fragrance of freedom on 15 August, 1947. In the picture, we can see the hoisting of the national flag presumably by a senior and respected member of some community. This is a common sight in India where patriotic feelings are expressed at this time of the year. It is but natural that we should all feel strongly for our country, and what better time to express these feelings than on Independence Day!

However, the happy look on the faces of these people cannot hide the ugly truths that stare us in the face even after more than sixty years of independence. It is good that we celebrate our freedom with great enthusiasm as depicted in the picture. But mere smiles, celebrations and flag hoisting ceremonies are of no use unless we imbibe the spirit of Indianness in us. The spirit exhibited on this day should become a part of our very being.

CRPF and Jammu and Kashmir Police personnel takes part in the parade on India’s 74th Independence day in Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, India on 15 August 2020. (Photo by Nasir Kachroo/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

Generally we sing the national anthem with a lot of enthusiasm and then forget all about the relevance of the day as soon as the function is over. We throw sweet packets here and there and litter our surroundings. Moreover, in a country where more than fifty per cent of the population has a hand-to-mouth existence, the wastage of food is no less than sacrilege. If we do not respect the dignity of our people and surroundings, all the respect showered on the national anthem and the national song become meaningless

We must raise our voices in unison against the hypocritical phenomenon of paying lip-service to the concept of patriotism but stooping to grossly lackadaisical behaviour when it comes to performing our roles as Indians. Spitting or relieving ourselves in public places, not obeying the law while availing of transport facilities, disrespecting public property, joining mobs to create nuisance, calling strikes and bringing life to a halt on working days, remaining spectators to the corruption around us are all different patterns of behaviour that lower the prestige of our nation.

When we hoist the national flag, it is important that we feel clear in our conscience. One may argue that a small number of people setting the right example would not make much of a difference. This would indeed be a myopic interpretation of reality. The truth is that you may be a drop in the ocean, but the ocean is incomplete little gesture of respecting your country At least without in the true sense of the term would make a reasonable difference to the jawans on the border who risk their lives day and night to ensure that we can smile, secure in our knowledge of security when we look at the national flag fluttering high in the air.

History:

India was ruled by the Britishers for many years. The East India Company ruled India for about 100 years. It was in 1757 when the East India Company won the battle of Plassey. It was after the win went the Company started exerting power over India. Our nation had its rebellion against the foreign rule for the first time in 1957. The entire country united against British power. It was an unfortunate event as India was defeated back then but after that time. Indian rule was then passed to the British who ruled our country till India got its independence. Our nation faced a long campaign to gain independence. Britain then began to weaken after two world wars and India was finally free. India’s freedom struggle has always been an inspiration to the work as it was the most non-violent campaign in the world.

National Flag of India

Facts:

India has been independent for 73 years.

India is named after the river Indus.
India has had 14 Prime Ministers out of which one has been a female Prime Minister.
India has had 13 full-time Presidents out of which only one has been a woman.
The Indian National Flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya who was one of the freedom fighters and also an agricultural from Andhra Pradesh.
India’s national anthem was adopted three years of post-independence.
Mahatma Gandhi wasn’t able to celebrate the first Independence Day in Delhi.

Science and technology

Science is a systematic way which involves observation and experimentation in order to get knowledge and improve skill; whereas, technology is the practical application of science which helps in improving the quality of life.

New inventions in the field of science and technology play great role in the daily lives of people and making their life style advance. In order to keep students up-do-date and check their general knowledge about new inventions, they are given this topic to write essay on science and technology. Here we have provided some simple science and technology essay to help students to do better in their essay writing competition.

Photo by fauxels on Pexels.com

Science and technology are important parts of our day to day life. We get up in the morning from the ringing of our alarm clocks and go to bed at night after switching our lights off. All these luxuries that we are able to afford are a resultant of science and technology. Most importantly, how we can do all this in a short time are because of the advancement of science and technology only. It is hard to imagine our life now without science and technology. Indeed our existence itself depends on it now. Every day new technologies are coming up which are making human life easier and more comfortable. Thus, we live in an era of science and technology.

Essentially, Science and Technology have introduced us to the establishment of modern civilization. This development contributes greatly to almost every aspect of our daily life. Hence, people get the chance to enjoy these results, which make our lives more relaxed and pleasurable.

Benefits of Science and TechnologyIf we think about it, there are numerous benefits of science and technology. They range from the little things to the big ones. For instance, the morning paper which we read that delivers us reliable information is a result of scientific progress. In addition, the electrical devices without which life is hard to imagine like a refrigerator, AC, microwave and more are a result of technological advancement.Furthermore, if we look at the transport scenario, we notice how science and technology play a major role here as well.

We can quickly reach the other part of the earth within hours, all thanks to advancing technology.In addition, science and technology have enabled man to look further than our planet. The discovery of new planets and the establishment of satellites in space is because of the very same science and technology.Similarly, science and technology have also made an impact on the medical and agricultural fields. The various cures being discovered for diseases have saved millions of lives through science. Moreover, technology has enhanced the production of different crops benefitting the farmers largely.

India and Science and TechnologyEver since British rule, India has been in talks all over the world. After gaining independence, it is science and technology which helped India advance through times. Now, it has become an essential source of creative and foundational scientific developments all over the world. In other words, all the incredible scientific and technological advancements of our country have enhanced the Indian economy.Subsequently, science and technology have assisted in advancing various fields including Mathematics, Astrophysics, Space technology, Nuclear energy and more. Some fine examples of these developments are the railway system, smartphones, the metro system, and many more.