Day: July 26, 2021

QUASAI- CONTRACT

Introduction:- There are many situations in which law, as well as justice, require that a person be required to conform to an obligation, although he has neither broken any contract nor committed any tort. Chapter V of the Indian Contract Act deals with the situations under the heading “Of certain relations resembling those created by Contract”. The chapter avoids the word “Quasi-contract” and given the clear statutory authorization, the courts in India are not hindered in allowing relief under the different sections of the Act by the theoretical considerations concerning quasi-contracts.

Conditions of quasi- contract:-

(1) A legal agreement created by the courts between two parties who did not a previous obligation to each other.

(2) A normal contract requires two parties to consent to mutually agreeable terms under a quasi-contract neither party is originally intended to create an agreement. Instead, an agreement is imposed by a judge to rectify an occurrence of unjust enrichment.

(3) Courts create quasi-contracts to protect the unjust enrichment of the parties in dispute over payments of goods and services.

Salient Features of quasi-contractual rights:-

(a) Firstly, it does not arise from any agreement of the parties concerned but is imposed by the law, and

(b) Secondly, it is a right that is available not against the entire world but a particular person or persons only.

Kinds of quasi-contractual Obligations:- Section 68 to 72 provide for 5 kinds of quasi-contractual obligations are as follows:

(1) Supply of necessaries

S.68. Claim for necessaries supplied to a person incapable of contracting, or on his account.

Persons incapable of contracting includes:

• a minor

• person of unsound mind

• person disqualified by law to which they are subjected

Illustration:- A supplies B, a lunatic, with necessaries suitable to his condition in life. A is entitled to be reimbursed from B‘s property.

(2) Payment by interested person

S.69. Reimbursement of person paying money due to another, in payment of which he is interested.

Essential requirements of section 69:

• payer must be interested in making payment

• but should not be bound to pay

• defendant should be under legal compulsion to pay

• payment should be by one to another

(3) Liability to pay for non-gratuitous acts

S.70. Obligation of person enjoying the benefit of non-gratuitous act.

Essentials:

• a person should lawfully do something for another person or deliver something to him;

• in doing the said thing or delivered the said thing he must not intend to act gratuitously;

• the other person for whom something is done or to whom something is delivered must enjoy the benefit thereof.

(4) Finder of goods

S.71. Responsibility of finder of goods.

• Entitled to retain the goods until he receives the lawful charges or consequences for retaining the goods and taking care of them.

• However, he cannot sue for such compensation unless a specified reward has been advertised by the owner.

• Entitled to possess the goods until the true owner was found.

(5) Mistake or coercion

S.72. Liability of person to whom money is paid, or thing delivered by mistake or under coercion- A person to whom money has been paid, or anything delivered, by mistake or under coercion, must repay or return it.

Illustration: A and B jointly owe 100 rupees to C. A alone pays the amount to C, and B, not knowing this fact, pats 100 rupees over again to C. C is bound to repay the amount to B.

Mental Health

Today in the 21st century where we can get things at the tip of our fingers, where there are flying cars, one can see each other from any corner of the world; where one can shop for food, clothes, house everything from their mobile phone but still our mind is not happy or is at peace which creates mental
health issues.

Today we are physically strong but mentally weak. Our body is perfect yet our minds are chaotic. Today we have everything but still, our mind desires more of other things which makes our minds unhappy, jealous, and unsatisfied with our life.
Mental health has been one of the most important health issues in today’s time. People have thousands of friends on Facebook but still no one to hear their problems. It makes a person feel low self-esteem, self-doubt, depression, and anxiety too. If your mind is not happy then no matter what you do; no matter whom you are with, you won’t feel good at all.

It feels like you are with all the people around you, and yet you may lose yourself in the crowd. Mental health issues make you feel sad and add negative contemplations to your brain which impacts your daily life.

It makes you feel bored and lazy to do the job. One going through mental health problems always try to isolate themselves and they don’t socialize with people usually. They have irregular sleeping patterns. They start consuming alcohol and smoking cigarettes which makes them feel better.

One of the most important reasons behind the rise of this Issue is today’s digital world we live in. Where we are provided with every information we want but also exposes us to the information we are not supposed to have. Too much exposure to something always leads you to the negative side. People get wrongly influenced by this information which results in wrong thoughts.

But still today in our society having mental health problems is a stigma. People are afraid to tell others about their problems because society judges them. Which makes it even more worse for people to talk. But this stereotype is slowly breaking, people are now accepting this as completely normal.

People can talk to their friends, family, or with someone, they can connect with. Talking about problems and feelings will always help you to reduce your stress and stay calm. People can start doing meditation or play outdoor games, or socialize with people which would definitely help them with their problems.

European Debt Crisis

European debt crisis is a debt crisis that has affected European Union (EU). Many European zone members could not repay government debt that had severe impact on their economies. These states could not prevent macroeconomic imbalances that caused exceeding debt crisis.


Since, European zone stopped foreign investment in the countries, it was difficult for the member states economies to survive due to excessive dependent on foreign countries. Debt-to-equity ratio had also increased which caused intensive borrowing and spending. France and Germany were involved spent more than the limit.

Member states of the Eurozone adopted similar monetary policies and currencies. However, the fiscal policies of each country were different, which encouraged country like Greece to borrow and spend more.


International trade imbalances led to economic problems. The Great Recession of 2008-2012 worsened the fiscal policies that were adopted to control government expenses. Private debt burdened the existing debt. European Central Bank chose that interest rates in Germany were high, whereas interest rate was lower in Southern eurozone. Germany would lend to Southern states. This gave rise to wages and prices and exports had become less competitive. They had to boost their spending capacity to protect people who were unemployed and needed support. They borrowed more and spent more than what they borrowed.


European governance did not structure the policies that were initiated to control growing debts. Fiscal policies were not implemented properly by the government. In Greece, the governments could not handle the situation due to lack of support from the citizens.


Due to rising unemployment, consumers had to reduce their spending. Unemployment increased because of austerity measures like budget cuts, lower spending. These measures did not work in the favor of protecting the nation from expanding debts.


Foreign investments reduced with ascending debts. Investing in a country that is stuck with a pile of debt was not profitable. Lower investments did not encourage job opportunities and growth of the economy
High unemployment, lower wages, shutting down of businesses was the result of the debt crisis. Lack of permanent jobs encouraged people to move to other countries. Adopted policies had reverse effect on the economies. Higher exports and lower imports created even higher debts.

Greece has the highest debts compared to other states. Greek debt crisis originated from heavy spending and borrowing that escalated its overall debt. Improper structure of taxation caused loss of taxes. The debt piled up and Greece was not in a position to pay back all its debt.

This crisis arrived in late 2009 because of Greek governments disclosure that it has higher budget deficits. Greece was helped by European countries by support them with measures to control the deficits like European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF). Greece has repaid 41.6 billion euros as of 2019.

European Debt crisis had profound impact on countries despite stringent measures were taken to stabilize economies. While European nations were gradually recovering from this crisis, coronavirus has concerned these nations again. Effect of Covid-19 is affecting economies and imperative measures are being taken to prevent forthcoming crisis.

Mental Health

Today in the 21st century where we can get things at the tip of our fingers, where there are flying cars, one can see each other from any corner of the world; where one can shop for food, clothes, house everything from their mobile phone but still our mind is not happy or is at peace which creates mental
health issues.

Today we are physically strong but mentally weak. Our body is perfect yet our minds are chaotic. Today we have everything but still, our mind desires more of other things which makes our minds unhappy, jealous, and unsatisfied with our life.
Mental health has been one of the most important health issues in today’s time. People have thousands of friends on Facebook but still no one to hear their problems. It makes a person feel low self-esteem, self-doubt, depression, and anxiety too. If your mind is not happy then no matter what you do; no matter whom you are with, you won’t feel good at all.

It feels like you are with all the people around you, and yet you may lose yourself in the crowd. Mental health issues make you feel sad and add negative contemplations to your brain which impacts your daily life.

It makes you feel bored and lazy to do the job. One going through mental health problems always try to isolate themselves and they don’t socialize with people usually. They have irregular sleeping patterns. They start consuming alcohol and smoking cigarettes which makes them feel better.

One of the most important reasons behind the rise of this Issue is today’s digital world we live in. Where we are provided with every information we want but also exposes us to the information we are not supposed to have. Too much exposure to something always leads you to the negative side. People get wrongly influenced by this information which results in wrong thoughts.

But still today in our society having mental health problems is a stigma. People are afraid to tell others about their problems because society judges them. Which makes it even more worse for people to talk. But this stereotype is slowly breaking, people are now accepting this as completely normal.

People can talk to their friends, family, or with someone, they can connect with. Talking about problems and feelings will always help you to reduce your stress and stay calm. People can start doing meditation or play outdoor games, or socialize with people which would definitely help them with their problems.

European Debt Crisis

European debt crisis is a debt crisis that has affected European Union (EU). Many European zone members could not repay government debt that had severe impact on their economies. These states could not prevent macroeconomic imbalances that caused exceeding debt crisis.

Since, European zone stopped foreign investment in the countries, it was difficult for the member states economies to survive due to excessive dependent on foreign countries. Debt-to-equity ratio had also increased which caused intensive borrowing and spending. France and Germany were involved spent more than the limit.

Member states of the Eurozone adopted similar monetary policies and currencies. However, the fiscal policies of each country were different, which encouraged country like Greece to borrow and spend more.

International trade imbalances led to economic problems. The Great Recession of 2008-2012 worsened the fiscal policies that were adopted to control government expenses. Private debt burdened the existing debt. European Central Bank chose that interest rates in Germany were high, whereas interest rate was lower in Southern eurozone. Germany would lend to Southern states. This gave rise to wages and prices and exports had become less competitive. They had to boost their spending capacity to protect people who were unemployed and needed support. They borrowed more and spent more than what they borrowed.

European governance did not structure the policies that were initiated to control growing debts. Fiscal policies were not implemented properly by the government. In Greece, the governments could not handle the situation due to lack of support from the citizens.

Due to rising unemployment, consumers had to reduce their spending. Unemployment increased because of austerity measures like budget cuts, lower spending. These measures did not work in the favor of protecting the nation from expanding debts.

Foreign investments reduced with ascending debts. Investing in a country that is stuck with a pile of debt was not profitable. Lower investments did not encourage job opportunities and growth of the economy
High unemployment, lower wages, shutting down of businesses was the result of the debt crisis. Lack of permanent jobs encouraged people to move to other countries. Adopted policies had reverse effect on the economies. Higher exports and lower imports created even higher debts.

Greece has the highest debts compared to other states. Greek debt crisis originated from heavy spending and borrowing that escalated its overall debt. Improper structure of taxation caused loss of taxes. The debt piled up and Greece was not in a position to pay back all its debt.

This crisis arrived in late 2009 because of Greek governments disclosure that it has higher budget deficits. Greece was helped by European countries by support them with measures to control the deficits like European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF). Greece has repaid 41.6 billion euros as of 2019.

European Debt crisis had profound impact on countries despite stringent measures were taken to stabilize economies. While European nations were gradually recovering from this crisis, coronavirus has concerned these nations again. Effect of Covid-19 is affecting economies and imperative measures are being taken to prevent forthcoming crisis.

Kargil Vijay Diwas

July 26 is celebrated as the Kargil Vijay Diwas to cerebrate the victory of Operation Vijay, the moment which was launched by Indian army to recapture Indian Territories from Pakistani Army and Pakistani militants .Since 1999,This day is celebrated to show respect and gratitude to our brave soldiers who laid down their life to recapture the seized position from Pakistani Army.

The Kargil war was fought in 1999 between India and Pakistan. Kargil war was fought for more than 60 days and ended on 26 July 1999. however Indian prime minister at that time declared operation successful on 14 July. This war started when Pakistani troops silently occupied some Indian posts. However, Pakistani army denied their involvement . But later their Prime minister and other big officials revealed about the involvement of Pakistani forces, that was led by general Ashraf rashid.to give a response Indian army launched operation Vijay to clear the Pakistani Forces and militants.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the prime minister of India at that time. This war was not an easy war to be a part of. because this war was in high attitude in mountaineous terrain. Initially Pakistan captured various important Indian posts and India very well responded with recapturing the posts and pushing Pakistani troops back to their country.

To respond back ,India sent 5 infantory divisions, 44 battalions of Paramilitary forces in Kashmir and 73000 Indian troops. and after that deployment of 60 frontline aircrafts was also done. But all these things were not so easy.it was a high altitude region and very few tracks were connected with main roads. and snow was also a factor. Pakistan had occupied those posts keeping these factors in mind. The Pakistani army was trying to take a strong position in Kashmir by doing this. They were divided into many groups of intruders in Kargil. There total strength was considered to be 1000. with heavily armed with guns like AK-47, mortars, artillery and many other weapons.(Source:https://m.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/kargil-war-history-1595672853-1)

But soon Indian army detected the intruders occupying , and without wasting much time Indian army operations were planned in may 1999,’ operation Vijay’ was launched by Indian army. Indian army was successful in clearing of Drass sector. and many of those were pushed back to Batalik sector. Indian army with the help of Indian Air force attacked those intruders. Thousands of guns, bombs artillery guns were used which created havoc in kargil. Indian troops destroyed their positions and forced them to leave .till July 1999, Tiger hill was recaptured.In July 7,mashkoh valley was also re-captured. Gradually many were recaptured by our army. Air force also made a huge rule in the kargil war , over 300 aircrafts were used.It was believed that 700 intruders were killed by aircrafts.

The war was concluded on July 26,1999. with Indian army regaining all occupied posts by Pakistani Forces, but India also had to sacrifice a lot in Kargil war. More than 500 soldiers laid down their life in Kargil war, and more than 1300 were injured. Today is 22 nd Anniversary of Kargil Vijay Diwas and today whole nation is remembering soldiers’ Sacrifice for the country.

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Kargil Vijay Diwas

July 26 is celebrated as the Kargil Vijay Diwas to cerebrate the victory of Operation Vijay, the moment which was launched by Indian army to recapture Indian Territories from Pakistani Army and Pakistani militants .Since 1999,This day is celebrated to show respect and gratitude to our brave soldiers who laid down their life to recapture the seized position from Pakistani Army.

The Kargil war was fought in 1999 between India and Pakistan. Kargil war was fought for more than 60 days and ended on 26 July 1999. however Indian prime minister at that time declared operation successful on 14 July. This war started when Pakistani troops silently occupied some Indian posts. However, Pakistani army denied their involvement . But later their Prime minister and other big officials revealed about the involvement of Pakistani forces, that was led by general Ashraf rashid.to give a response Indian army launched operation Vijay to clear the Pakistani Forces and militants.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the prime minister of India at that time. This war was not an easy war to be a part of. because this war was in high attitude in mountaineous terrain. Initially Pakistan captured various important Indian posts and India very well responded with recapturing the posts and pushing Pakistani troops back to their country.

To respond back ,India sent 5 infantory divisions, 44 battalions of Paramilitary forces in Kashmir and 73000 Indian troops. and after that deployment of 60 frontline aircrafts was also done. But all these things were not so easy.it was a high altitude region and very few tracks were connected with main roads. and snow was also a factor. Pakistan had occupied those posts keeping these factors in mind. The Pakistani army was trying to take a strong position in Kashmir by doing this. They were divided into many groups of intruders in Kargil. There total strength was considered to be 1000. with heavily armed with guns like AK-47, mortars, artillery and many other weapons.(Source:https://m.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/kargil-war-history-1595672853-1)

But soon Indian army detected the intruders occupying , and without wasting much time Indian army operations were planned in may 1999,’ operation Vijay’ was launched by Indian army. Indian army was successful in clearing of Drass sector. and many of those were pushed back to Batalik sector. Indian army with the help of Indian Air force attacked those intruders. Thousands of guns, bombs artillery guns were used which created havoc in kargil. Indian troops destroyed their positions and forced them to leave .till July 1999, Tiger hill was recaptured.In July 7,mashkoh valley was also re-captured. Gradually many were recaptured by our army. Air force also made a huge rule in the kargil war , over 300 aircrafts were used.It was believed that 700 intruders were killed by aircrafts.

The war was concluded on July 26,1999. with Indian army regaining all occupied posts by Pakistani Forces, but India also had to sacrifice a lot in Kargil war. More than 500 soldiers laid down their life in Kargil war, and more than 1300 were injured. Today is 22 nd Anniversary of Kargil Vijay Diwas and today whole nation is remembering soldiers’ Sacrifice for the country.

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ESPORTS AND THIS GENERATION

In this modern generation, many different forms of media have grown. However, no growth has been as drastic or as sudden as the growth of eSports. The scene has grown from a few very loyal followers to an international phenomenon that is becoming increasingly more professional with every passing year.  The main reasons eSports has grown exponentially during this generation are the rapid expansion in streaming technologies, this generation’s new-found obsession with competitive gaming, and large corporations beginning to sponsor teams, players.

Far too often people hear eSports and immediately they think of “professional gaming” which at its core isn’t wrong. Michael Wagner, a professor at Drexel University’s College of Media Arts & Design defines eSports as “an area of sport activities in which people develop and train mental or physical abilities in the use of information and communication technologies.”

The growth of eSports over the past 5 years has been simply staggering. In 2009 the league of legend championship series. was created to allow the highest tier of League of Legends (LoL) players to compete on a professional level. At the beginning of its run the LCS only had 6 teams and next to no-one tuned in to see the matches. The first world championship for LoL consisted of the 10 players and 1 commentator at a gaming convention in Germany. A mere 4 years later the LoL world championship sold out a 40,000 person stadium and attracted over 11.5 million viewers via online broadcast. This is merely one instance of an eSport making into the public eye in a big way. The world championships for DOTA 2 had nearly 6 million viewers concurrently and the prize pool for the tournament was a staggering 10 million dollars which was entirely raised by its fans.

The growth of eSports in recent years has its roots in live-streaming. Streaming gameplay is a relatively new phenomenon that has exploded in recent years, attracting hundreds of thousands of unique viewers daily (Tassi, 2013). Twitch TV, a live video streaming platform, has been at the forefront of this success with 34 million unique users a month (All about Twitch, 2013). Streaming can consist of major tournaments and events, but generally is made up of a single player or team that broadcasts its games and chats, explaining its game style and strategies and giving advice to viewers. This two-way communication fosters a unique relationship between the streamer and its spectators (Kaytoue et al., 2012). 

eSports have grown into something almost no-one could’ve predicted. Since 2009 eSports consumption has become one of the fastest growing forms of media and shows little to no signs of slowing. This predominantly online community is one of the closest and by far the most interactive fan-base in today’s market and this helps to ensure its continued success. As we sit here in 2014 we have no idea where the eSports scene may go within the next five years but live-streaming, our generation’s competitiveness and corporate sponsors have made this scene into what it is today.

ESPORTS AND THIS GENERATION

In this modern generation, many different forms of media have grown. However, no growth has been as drastic or as sudden as the growth of eSports. The scene has grown from a few very loyal followers to an international phenomenon that is becoming increasingly more professional with every passing year.  The main reasons eSports has grown exponentially during this generation are the rapid expansion in streaming technologies, this generation’s new-found obsession with competitive gaming, and large corporations beginning to sponsor teams, players.

Far too often people hear eSports and immediately they think of “professional gaming” which at its core isn’t wrong. Michael Wagner, a professor at Drexel University’s College of Media Arts & Design defines eSports as “an area of sport activities in which people develop and train mental or physical abilities in the use of information and communication technologies.”

The growth of eSports over the past 5 years has been simply staggering. In 2009 the league of legend championship series. was created to allow the highest tier of League of Legends (LoL) players to compete on a professional level. At the beginning of its run the LCS only had 6 teams and next to no-one tuned in to see the matches. The first world championship for LoL consisted of the 10 players and 1 commentator at a gaming convention in Germany. A mere 4 years later the LoL world championship sold out a 40,000 person stadium and attracted over 11.5 million viewers via online broadcast. This is merely one instance of an eSport making into the public eye in a big way. The world championships for DOTA 2 had nearly 6 million viewers concurrently and the prize pool for the tournament was a staggering 10 million dollars which was entirely raised by its fans.

The growth of eSports in recent years has its roots in live-streaming. Streaming gameplay is a relatively new phenomenon that has exploded in recent years, attracting hundreds of thousands of unique viewers daily (Tassi, 2013). Twitch TV, a live video streaming platform, has been at the forefront of this success with 34 million unique users a month (All about Twitch, 2013). Streaming can consist of major tournaments and events, but generally is made up of a single player or team that broadcasts its games and chats, explaining its game style and strategies and giving advice to viewers. This two-way communication fosters a unique relationship between the streamer and its spectators (Kaytoue et al., 2012). 

eSports have grown into something almost no-one could’ve predicted. Since 2009 eSports consumption has become one of the fastest growing forms of media and shows little to no signs of slowing. This predominantly online community is one of the closest and by far the most interactive fan-base in today’s market and this helps to ensure its continued success. As we sit here in 2014 we have no idea where the eSports scene may go within the next five years but live-streaming, our generation’s competitiveness and corporate sponsors have made this scene into what it is today.

FACTS ABOUT DEAREST DOGS

  1. Their sense of smell is at least 40x better than ours.
  2. Some have such good noses they can sniff out medical problems.
  3. All puppies are born deaf – they are not fully developed at birth.
  4. Dogs have twice as many ear muscles as people and their sense of hearing is more than 10 times more accurate than that of a person.
  5. Dogs mostly sweat only from their footpads and nose.
  6. The world’s oldest dog died at age 29.
  7. Petting dogs can actually reduce your blood pressure.
  8. It is a myth that dogs are color blind. They can actually see in color, just not as vividly as humans. It is similar to our vision at dusk.
  9. A one year old dog is as mature, physically, as a 15-year old human.
  10. Dogs have no sense of “time”.
  11. Every dog on earth likely descended from a species known as the Tomarctus – a creature that roamed the earth over 15 million years ago.
  12. The oldest known dog breed is most likely the Saluki – originally trained by Egyptians to help them track game.
  13. Dogs are pack animals — they don’t enjoy being alone.
  14. Dogs are direct descendants of wolves.
  15. Dogs can see best at dawn and dusk.

FACTS ABOUT DEAREST DOGS

  1. Their sense of smell is at least 40x better than ours.
  2. Some have such good noses they can sniff out medical problems.
  3. All puppies are born deaf – they are not fully developed at birth.
  4. Dogs have twice as many ear muscles as people and their sense of hearing is more than 10 times more accurate than that of a person.
  5. Dogs mostly sweat only from their footpads and nose.
  6. The world’s oldest dog died at age 29.
  7. Petting dogs can actually reduce your blood pressure.
  8. It is a myth that dogs are color blind. They can actually see in color, just not as vividly as humans. It is similar to our vision at dusk.
  9. A one year old dog is as mature, physically, as a 15-year old human.
  10. Dogs have no sense of “time”.
  11. Every dog on earth likely descended from a species known as the Tomarctus – a creature that roamed the earth over 15 million years ago.
  12. The oldest known dog breed is most likely the Saluki – originally trained by Egyptians to help them track game.
  13. Dogs are pack animals — they don’t enjoy being alone.
  14. Dogs are direct descendants of wolves.
  15. Dogs can see best at dawn and dusk.

Pusarla Venkata Sindhu

Determination and hard work is all we need to achieve what we want. Anything is possible with sheer dedication. PV Sindhu , the professional badminton player is the example of determination and hardwork.

Being 56 Km away from her coaching camp , she did not fail to report on time every day. This is enough to prove her dedication for badminton

Pusarla Venkata Sindhu was born on 5th July 1995. Both her parents were national level volleyball player . Though born in the family of volleyball players she was always drawn towards badminton. She was a huge fan of Pullela Gopichand ,2001 All England Open Badminton Champion and that’s from where she took the inspiration for playing badminton. She started playing at the mere age of eight. And later on she joined Pullela Gopichand’s Gopichand Badminton Academy. After joining the Academy she won many medals. Seeing her success Pullela himself remarked,” the most striking feature is Pusarla’s game is her attitude and the never – say – die spirit”. What could be more inspirational for Sindhu than the compliment coming from her idol himself?

Sindhu is the first Indian woman to win Olympic silver medal in Badminton and first Indian to become the Badminton World Champion.She was ranked no. 2 in April 2017. This young lady is inspiration for many Indians and the world. She is currently representing India at Tokyo Olympics 2020.

Pusarla Venkata Sindhu

Determination and hard work is all we need to achieve what we want. Anything is possible with sheer dedication. PV Sindhu , the professional badminton player is the example of determination and hardwork.

Being 56 Km away from her coaching camp , she did not fail to report on time every day. This is enough to prove her dedication for badminton

Pusarla Venkata Sindhu was born on 5th July 1995. Both her parents were national level volleyball player . Though born in the family of volleyball players she was always drawn towards badminton. She was a huge fan of Pullela Gopichand ,2001 All England Open Badminton Champion and that’s from where she took the inspiration for playing badminton. She started playing at the mere age of eight. And later on she joined Pullela Gopichand’s Gopichand Badminton Academy. After joining the Academy she won many medals. Seeing her success Pullela himself remarked,” the most striking feature is Pusarla’s game is her attitude and the never – say – die spirit”. What could be more inspirational for Sindhu than the compliment coming from her idol himself?

Sindhu is the first Indian woman to win Olympic silver medal in Badminton and first Indian to become the Badminton World Champion.She was ranked no. 2 in April 2017. This young lady is inspiration for many Indians and the world. She is currently representing India at Tokyo Olympics 2020.

Panchayat system in India

 The Panchayat system is an integral part of India’s democratic structure. A local government is closest to the common citizens and promotes participatory democracy. Mahatma Gandhi believed that India lives in its villages. He cherished the idea of self-sustained villages with effective decentralization of economic and political power through village Panchayats. 

Panchayat means an assembly of five people chosen and accepted by the local people. Traditionally, it was used to settle disputes in the village. The roots of the Panchayat system in India are extremely old. Even during the colonial times, many developments in the direction of local governments can be traced. In 1882, Lord Rippon had established local self-government in India. 



Article 40 of our constitution states that “The state shall take steps to organize village Panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.”

Several committees were set-up by the Government of India to study the implementation of self-government in rural areas;  Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957), Ashok Mehta Committee (1977), GVK Rao Committee (1985), LM Singhvi Committee(1986). 

73rd Amendment

 After the recommendations by a number of committees, the 73rd amendment was passed in 1992. It constitutionally strengthened the power and responsibility of the Panchayat system.  It established a three-tier system popularly known as Panchayati Raj. First was the Gram Panchayat at the village level, followed by the Block Panchayat at the intermediate level, and the district level body known as Zilla Parishad. 

The amendment provided the Panchayat with the responsibility to develop plans for economic development and social justice. The 29 functional responsibilities in the 11th schedule were transferred to the local bodies which includes; rural electrification, poverty alleviation programme, education, agriculture, social welfare, drinking water, women and child development etc. Each state can decide how many of these twenty-nine subjects would be transferred to the local government.  

Members of these bodies are elected directly by the people for a tenure of five years.The State Election Commission has the responsibility for conducting the Pachayat elections. Along with reservation for the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes, one-third of the Panchayat positions were reserved for women. 

The Gram Panchayat is headed by the Sarpanch. Other than Gram Panchayat, a Gram Sabha was also established. It was an assembly which consisted of all the voters of the village. 

The 74th amendment focussed on urban local government while the 73rd was for the rural local government. Both the amendments promoted democratic decentralization of power. 

The main objective of the Panchayat system is to strengthen the base of democracy at grass-root level. It gives an opportunity to the citizens to participate in the implementation of rural development policies. 

Yoga And Some Science-supported Benefits.

We all are familiar with Yoga and many of us even practice it on a day-to-day basis. But, do we know what does the word “Yoga” means? And what benefits of Yoga are supported by science? Well, some of us may know and some of us don’t. So, let’s dive into the questions mentioned above, and let’s learn.

The word “Yoga” is derived from the Sanskrit root “Yuj,” which means ‘to join’ or ‘to yoke or ‘to unite’. It assimilates mediation and poses composed to stimulate relaxation and reduce stress. In simple words, Yoga is an ancient practice that brings our body and mind together.

Practicing Yoga can provide a lot of benefits for both our mental and physical health. Although not all the benefits are supported by science. Mentioned below are some of the many benefits of Yoga that are supported by science:-

I) Improves Flexibility and Balance

In several studies, it has been found that practicing yoga can improve flexibility and balance. 

According to a study in 2017, a group of 26 male athletes who undertook Yoga for 10 weeks, had shown greater improvement in their flexibility levels compared to the control group. 

II) Could Promote Sleep Quality

Poor sleep quality can cause a lot of trouble for a person. Although it has been found in studies that yoga could improve sleep quality.

In a study, in 2005, 69 old patients were assigned to either practice Yoga, herbal preparation, or be a part of a control group. It has been found that the Yoga group fell asleep faster, slept longer, and felt more rested than the other groups. 

III) Can Decrease Stress

As mentioned in the above line Yoga is known for stimulating relaxation and stress. 

Many studies have also shown that it decreases the secretion of the primary stress hormone (cortisol). 

In an observation, 24 women labeled themselves emotionally distress, when completed a three-month yoga program, showed significantly lower levels of cortisol. They also had a lower level of stress, anxiety, fatigue, and depression. 

IV) Could Improve Heart Health

The health of your heart is a very essential component of your overall health. And studies have shown that yoga may help in improving heart health and in reducing factors leading to heart disease. 

A study has found that participants over 40 years of age who practiced yoga for five years had lower blood pressure and pulse rate than those who didn’t. 

V) Improves Life Quality

For many individuals, Yoga has now become an accompaniment to improve the quality of life. 

In a study, 135 elders were assigned to either practice Yoga for 6 months, walking, or join a control group. The Yoga group showed improved quality of life as well as mood, and fatigue, compared to other groups.

Though these were only a few benefits of Yoga that are supported by science, you can always go and google more. Science has also accepted the beneficiary of practicing Yoga, then you should too. Just by giving 1hr from your day to Yoga, you can improve both mentally and physically. In the end, it always depends on you.