Dance wether zumba, hip-hop, Kathak, bhangra, garba, dandiya, shuffle, house, chicago or freestyle is a way to express our thoughts and feelings without the need of words or expression.
It’s an art that let’s your creativity being expressed through the medium of your hands, legs and body. It does not have any specific way to do it, it is unique to everyone’s own creativity. It is just expressing your heart out. It need not be in front of everyone to show-off your skills in dance, it is actually to free yourself and dance the way you want, maybe in a closed room in front of a camera of mirror.
The actually essence of dance is being what you are, doing what you like, just for yourself and nobody else. It is like a stress buster, which helps you to take all your worries, frustration, anger, happiness out and makes you feel a relaxed. And if you dance happily it even have positive effect on your body, helps you to stay fit. It helps to develop your personality.
If you are really want to dance you can join a dance club or group, which helps you to interact with new people, expand you world from just home to school, college or office. You find like minded people it motivates you to be more expressive in your life.
And ultimately I want to say, you want to join a club or not it’s your decision, it actually doesn’t matter, the thing matter is just ‘Dance Your Heart Out’ that’s it, no matter in club, stage or just in a room.
Past decade has handed over much benefit to human kind and the one to suffer is environment exposing environmental degradation that costs…….. per year worldwide.
“While the overall policy focus should be on meeting basic needs and expanding opportunities for growth, they should not be on the expense of unsustainable environmental degradation.”-muthukmara mani(senior environmental economist).
Using natural resources as fuel to the economic development many have curbed themselves over the poverty, it providing employability and many new opportunities to individuals. With excess greed and overuse of all these resources there has been excruciating effects on environment overall degrading forests, scarring natural resources these are overall affecting the economy in return.
Poverty remains cause of either of both consequence and cause of environmental degradation. Needless mining and overuse of resources that are on first hand limited to us which is quiet evident over degrading agriculture yields per hectare as livestock is overgrazed grassland and forest deplete for human settlements.
The question that arises is our economic benefit so crucial that it costs us worsened environmental quality, depleted resources, extinct habitats and other impacts?
Something that emerges out is environmental stability, low emission resource efficient greening of the economy should be possible at costs of terms less to that of GDP of each country, valuing the available natural resources and taking policy decision accordingly.
To avail this issue the natural environmental growth be necessary, affordable, desirable, and measurable.
If not now it’s going to be a challenge to turn the pages around to covert the damages done to nature with hefty economical costs in future and also proving deadly not only to the flora-fauna but eventually to humans too, hence it’s necessary to avail it at the very moment.
Policies such as environmental taxes can positively help minimize the cost and pressure over governments hence making it affordable to all.
With so many diversifies ecologies and habitat all over the globe the policies and laws needs to be designed such that it preserves and nourishes these natural gems.
What can be done?
Particulate emission reduction can effectively help decrease GDP modestly even reducing 10%.
Making more tractable efficient commitments and following them religiously, look through the environments vision and then make other end decision regarding the communities, societies, business and governments. Science can be at its most use when it’s accessible to every person who wishes to use it. Every person taking this as a personal responsibility the awareness would make it up to history pages. We need to turn around the current situation and consider it as a need of an hour if we wish out economy our trades our families to thrive in peace without draining our economies.
“To be ‘feminist’ in any authentic sense of the term is to want for all people, female and male, liberation from sexist role patterns, domination, and oppression.” bell hooks made this clear and powerful statement in her 1981 study of sexism, racism, and the feminist and civil rights movements Ain’t I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism. Almost 40 years on, the world is still reckoning with pervasive and inexcusable gender inequality underpinned by bias and sexism, and research and health care are no exception. Today, The Lancet publishes a theme issue on advancing women in science, medicine, and global health, with the aim of showcasing research, commentary, and analysis that provide new explanations and evidence for action towards gender equity. This theme issue is the result of a call for papers that led to over 300 submissions from more than 40 countries. The overwhelming conclusion from this collection of work is that, to achieve meaningful change, actions must be directed at transforming the systems that women work within—making approaches informed by feminist analyses essential.
It is well established that women are under-represented in positions of power and leadership, undervalued, and experience discrimination and gender-based violence in scientific and health disciplines across the world. Intersectional approaches have provided insights into how other categories of difference such as ethnicity, class, geography, disability, and sexuality interact with gender to compound inequalities. Most submissions to this theme issue came from high-income countries, highlighting the need to support scholarship from the Global South. Geordan Shannon and colleagues provide a global overview of gender inequality in science, medicine, and global health, and discuss the evidence for the substantial health, social, and economic gains that could be achieved by addressing this inequality. Indeed, some studies, including one in this issue by Cassidy Sugimoto and colleagues, show that more diverse and inclusive teams lead to better science and more successful organizations.
Despite decades of recognition, these problems have proved stubbornly persistent. It is now commonplace for organizations to make public statements valuing diversity, hire diversity officers, and implement programmed to advance women’s careers. Yet, all too often, such programmers locate the source of the problem, and hence the solution, within women and their own behavior. Thus, although actions such as mentoring and skills training might be well intentioned and advantageous to a degree, they often fail to engage with broader features of systems that disproportionately privilege men. For instance, Holly Wittman and colleagues show, using data from a federal funder, how gender bias disadvantages women applying for grant funding.
Reflecting on these biases can be difficult for professions like science and medicine that are grounded in beliefs of their own objectivity and evidence-driven thinking. A trio of papers in this issue demonstrates the value of critical perspectives in this regard. Malika Sharma explains how the “historical gendering of medicine prioritizes particular types of knowledge (and ways of producing that knowledge), and creates barriers for critical, and specifically feminist, research and practice”. Feminist and other critical perspectives enable researchers to question the underlying assumptions that produce and maintain social hierarchies, and in doing so, imagine ways to transform fields and practices to make them more equitable and inclusive. Likewise, Sara Davies and colleagues argue that a feminist research agenda is key to advancing gender equality in global health, and Kopano Ratele and colleagues explain why efforts to engage men in advancing gender equality must be grounded in an appreciation of theories of masculinity.
For actions to have lasting and far-reaching consequences, they must therefore be directed at creating institutional-level change. Several pieces in this theme issue discuss such approaches, with a Review by Imogen Coe and colleagues providing a toolbox of organizational best practices towards gender equality in science and medicine. The Lancet’s commitments to addressing gender bias in publishing are detailed in a Comment. Gender equity is not only a matter of justice and rights, it is crucial for producing the best research and providing the best care to patients. If the fields of science, medicine, and global health are to hope to work towards improving human lives, they must be representative of the societies they serve. The fight for gender equity is everyone’s responsibility, and this means that feminism, too, is for everybody—for men and women, researchers, clinicians, funders, institutional leaders, and, yes, even for medical journals.
A group of cognitive psychologists, curriculum theorists and instructional researchers, and testing and assessment specialists published in 2001 a revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy with the title A Taxonomy for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment. This title draws attention away from the somewhat static notion of “educational objectives” (in Bloom’s original title) and points to a more dynamic conception of classification.
The authors of the revised taxonomy underscore this dynamism, using verbs and gerunds to label their categories and subcategories (rather than the nouns of the original taxonomy). These “action words” describe the cognitive processes by which thinkers encounter and work with knowledge.
A statement of a learning objective contains a verb (an action) and an object (usually a noun).
The verb generally refers to [actions associated with] the intended cognitive process.
The object generally describes the knowledge students are expected to acquire or construct. (Anderson and Krathwohl, 2001, pp. 4–5)
The cognitive process dimension represents a continuum of increasing cognitive complexity—from remember to create. Anderson and Krathwohl identify 19 specific cognitive processes that further clarify the bounds of the six categories.
The Cognitive Process Dimension – categories, cognitive processes (and alternative names)
The knowledge dimension represents a range from concrete (factual) to abstract (metacognitive) (Table 2). Representation of the knowledge dimension as a number of discrete steps can be a bit misleading. For example, all procedural knowledge may not be more abstract than all conceptual knowledge. And metacognitive knowledge is a special case. In this model, “metacognitive knowledge is knowledge of [one’s own] cognition and about oneself in relation to various subject matters . . . ” (Anderson and Krathwohl)
The Knowledge Dimension
Factual
knowledge of terminology
knowledge of specific details and elements
Conceptual
knowledge of classifications and categories
knowledge of principles and generalizations
knowledge of theories, models, and structures
Procedural
knowledge of subject-specific skills and algorithms
knowledge of subject-specific techniques and methods
knowledge of criteria for determining when to use appropriate procedures
Metacognitive
strategic knowledge
knowledge about cognitive tasks, including appropriate contextual and conditional knowledge
self-knowledge
Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy Model
Note: These are learning objectives – not learning activities. It may be useful to think of preceding each objective with something like, “students will be able to…:
The Knowledge Dimension
Factual
The basic elements a student must know to be acquainted with a discipline or solve problems in it.
The Knowledge Dimension
Conceptual
The interrelationships among the basic elements within a larger structure that enable them to function together.
The Knowledge Dimension
Procedural
How to do something, methods of inquiry, and criteria for using skills, algorithms, techniques, and methods.
The Knowledge Dimension
Metacognitive
Knowledge of cognition in general as well as awareness and knowledge of one’s own cognition
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Remember
Retrieve relevant knowledge from long-term memory.
Remember + Factual
List primary and secondary colors.
Remember + Conceptual
Recognize symptoms of exhaustion.
Remember + Procedural
Recall how to perform CPR.
Remember + Metacognitive
Identify strategies for retaining information.
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Understand
Construct meaning from instructional messages, including oral, written and graphic communication.
Understand + Factual
Summarize features of a new product.
Understand + Conceptual
Classify adhesives by toxicity.
Understand + Procedural
Clarify assembly instructions.
Understand + Metacognitive
Predict one’s response to culture shock.
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Apply
Carry out or use a procedure in a given situation.
Apply + Factual
Respond to frequently asked questions.
Apply + Conceptual
Provide advice to novices.
Apply + Procedural
Carry out pH tests of water samples.
Apply + Metacognitive
Use techniques that match one’s strengths.
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Analyze
Carry out or use a procedure in a given situation.
Analyze + Factual
Select the most complete list of activities.
Analyze + Conceptual
Differentiate high and low culture.
Analyze + Procedural
Integrate compliance with regulations.
Analyze + Metacognitive
Deconstruct one’s biases.
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Evaluate
Make judgments based on criteria and standards.
Evaluate + Factual
Select the most complete list of activities.
Evaluate + Conceptual
Determine relevance of results.
Evaluate + Procedural
Judge efficiency of sampling techniques.
Evaluate + Metacognitive
Reflect on one’s progress.
The Cognitive Process Dimension
Create
Put elements together to form a coherent whole; reorganize into a new pattern or structure.
The Power Of Your Subconscious Mind is a spiritual self-help book, which teaches you how to use visualization and other suggestion techniques to adapt your unconscious behavior in positive ways.
Understanding your subconscious mind as a photographic mechanism removes the emotion and struggle from changing your life, because if it is simply a matter of replacing existing mental images with new ones, you begin to see the ease with which you may change.
‘The law of your mind is the law of belief itself,’ Murphy says. What we believe makes us who we are. William James observed that whatever people expect to be true, will be so, irrespective of whether the object of their belief exists in fact. In the West we have made ‘the truth’ our highest value; this motivation, while important, is weak next to the actual power of belief in shaping our lives.
1. You Receive Answers To Prayer Because Of Mental Acceptance About What You Pray
Murphy proposes that your religious affiliation is not what makes prayer effective. Rather, it is based on your ability and willingness to accept what you pray.
It makes sense that whatever you can and do accept on a conscious level has to be accepted by your subconscious as well.
Another statement that expands on this idea is this one: “the subconscious mind is subject to the conscious mind.” What Murphy is saying is that you can train your subconscious mind to believe what you can accept on a conscious level.
2. Your Subconscious Mind Has The Answer To All Your Problems
This statement makes perfect sense if you don’t have any problems with the idea that your subconscious mind = God.
Even if not for that, though, it speaks to the power of the subconscious mind. You don’t need to go looking outside for the answers you seek – Murphy is saying – you can look inside, and pose questions to your subconscious.
The answers may not come immediately, but your mind is always working on problems you submit to it even when you’re doing other things, and it will eventually present to you a workable solution.
3. Faith Is The Only Universal Healing Principle Operating Through Everybody
I believe the implication here is that faith is created by accessing and harnessing the power of our subconscious minds. Illness, physical ailments, and even traumatic experiences can be healed by repeatedly submitting thoughts of healing to our subconscious minds.
Can we be healed by any other means? According to Murphy, no. Faith is the universal healing principle. Of course, I don’t think he would discount the importance of medicine and other orthodox cures, but I have to guess that in this case he is referring to instances of healing that have occurred in so-called “healing services”, churches, or religious gatherings.
4. If A Prayer Is Answered, It Is Answered Scientifically
What Murphy is suggesting is that there is a formula to prayers that are answered. He explains that “science” means knowledge that is coordinated, arranged and systematized, so the idea here is that we can cooperate with our subconscious minds to see more of our prayers answered.
If anything, the entire book sheds light on how little attention and thought we give to our subconscious minds, and what fantastic tools they are in helping us achieve ends that we desire to see in our lives.
5. Don’t Compel Your Subconscious Mind To Accept Your Idea By Willpower
Although Murphy does talk about presenting positive thoughts and images to our subconscious minds, he is also quick to caution us that we can’t force things. Our willpower is limited, and it continues to decrease and diminish throughout the day. Can you imagine how tiring it would be to force yourself to think the same things and visualize the same images all day long?
I think the idea is that we can plant seeds and nurture them, but we shouldn’t be constantly uncovering the soil to see how our seeds are doing. We must keep pulling the weeds and watering the seed, and while that may require a daily investment, it shouldn’t take more than a couple of minutes.
6. The World You Live In Is Determined By What Goes In Your Mind
Regardless of whether you subscribe to Murphy’s theology, I think this is something we can all agree on. What goes into your mind is hugely important. If you choose poorly, you’ll assimilate bad attitudes, behaviors, and thoughts. If you choose well, you’ll begin to see positive changes within yourself.
What world do you want to live in? Have you thought about it? If you aren’t sure what you want to achieve in your lifetime, it makes it much harder to select input that will assist you on your journey. If you are fully in alignment with your objectives, choosing the right input becomes much easier.
7. Man Punishes Himself With His False Concepts Of God
We create our own misery. No one else does it for us. I think I know exactly what Murphy was saying here. I can attest to the fact that my false concepts of God led me down a path of misery.
In 2014, I went through a period of depression. Up until that point, I had felt that there was a clear path laid out ahead of me. Suddenly, that path disappeared and I could no longer see what was ahead. I cried out to God, but to no avail. My prayers kept hitting the ceiling. And, in retrospect, I feel it was my false ideas of the divine that were responsible for my bouts of depression.
Mysticism is the belief that something outside you controls your life. Recognizing that you are in control and you can rely upon your subconscious mind for the answers you seek is empowering. Right or wrong is not something you can check against a book. Right or wrong is embedded deep within you already, and to try to fit yourself into someone else’s ideas is to try to put a square peg in a round hole.
Be willing to see the unchangeable change.
Give yourself permission to be successful.
Don’t allow other people’s fears to cast shadows of doubt.
Surround yourself with positive reinforcement.
Speak your success as a present fact, not a future plan.
Using smart techniques like vertical farming, censors, potential land requirements,etc.
Agriculture of today is faced with many problems. The lack of availability of farm lands, limited access to water, climate change, and overpopulation all jeopardize the overall sustainability of farm production. In aiming to produce enough food for the growing population, farmers are forced to increase crop productivity per field unit. So here is the big question that every struggling farmer is faced with: How this can be achieved? Luckily, there is one possible and quite simple solution: the introduction and use of modern technologies in modern farming. New modern technologies not only bring revolutionary changes into farming but also revolutionize the way in which farmers work.
Modern farm management relies on many different factors, including sensing methodologies, farm equipment, enhanced seeds, and farm software which facilitates the tracking of a complete farm production from one central location. Modern technology helps farmers obtain accurate information of crop, soil, climate, and environmental conditions.
Sensors are important tools in modern agriculture management. They are used either to control variable rate application in real-time or to generate field maps of particular soil properties, in conjunction with GPS.
According to variation in soil characteristics that influence the yield, sensors can measure:
There are two main types of sensors available to farmers for measuring of various soil characteristics. These are:
1. On-the-go sensors
On-the go sensors are sensors attached to a tractor or to its implement which measure various soil characteristics with or without entering the soil. As a tractor with GPS receiver moves across the field, measured data is generated on a soil map. This map can serve as an information for application rate of fertilizers, pesticides or enhancement of soil properties.
2. Real-time sensors
Real-time sensors are sensors attached to a tractor or to its implement which record the real-time changes in the soil, such as nitrogen amount or weed presence. The changes are automatically registered by a central computer which coordinates the application of a fertilizer or herbicide. In this case, a product is applied only where it is needed.
Real-time sensors are generally used for variable-rate application where pesticides, fertilizers, and seeds are applied according to measured soil’s or crop’s characteristics.
Sensors for soil mapping are mainly vehicle-based but can also be made by drones. Soil data is captured on-the-go and instantaneously converted into distribution maps. Based on analyzed data, farmers know which part of the field lacks a certain crop nutrient or need to manage its characteristic. This helps minimize the need for farm inputs use and lower financial cost while increasing crop yield.
Technology is increasingly taking over the agriculture sector. Farmers are not dummy village people anymore, they are becoming technologically educated and proud to participate in eradication of world hunger. Be one of them and reduce the hunger by using modern farm technology.
Stress is a normal reaction the body has when changes occur, resulting in physical, emotional and intellectual responses. Stress management training can help you deal with changes in a healthier way.
What is stress?
Stress is a normal human reaction that happens to everyone. In fact, the human body is designed to experience stress and react to it. When you experience changes or challenges (stressors), your body produces physical and mental responses. That’s stress.
Stress responses help your body adjust to new situations. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert, motivated and ready to avoid danger. For example, if you have an important test coming up, a stress response might help your body work harder and stay awake longer. But stress becomes a problem when stressors continue without relief or periods of relaxation.
What happens to the body during stress?
The body’s autonomic nervous system controls your heart rate, breathing, vision changes and more. Its built-in stress response, the “fight-or-flight response,” helps the body face stressful situations.
When a person has long-term (chronic) stress, continued activation of the stress response causes wear and tear on the body. Physical, emotional and behavioral symptoms develop.
Physical symptoms of stress include:
Aches and pains.
Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing.
Exhaustion or trouble sleeping.
Headaches, dizziness or shaking.
High blood pressure.
Muscle tension or jaw clenching.
Stomach or digestive problems.
Trouble having sex.
Weak immune system.
Stress can lead to emotional and mental symptoms like:
Anxiety or irritability.
Depression.
Panic attacks.
Sadness.
Often, people with chronic stress try to manage it with unhealthy behaviors, including:
Drinking alcohol too much or too often.
Gambling.
Overeating or developing an eating disorder.
Participating compulsively in sex, shopping or internet browsing.
Smoking.
Using drugs.
How is stress diagnosed?
Stress is subjective — not measurable with tests. Only the person experiencing it can determine whether it’s present and how severe it feels. A healthcare provider may use questionnaires to understand your stress and how it affects your life.
If you have chronic stress, your healthcare provider can evaluate symptoms that result from stress. For example, high blood pressure can be diagnosed and treated.
What are some strategies for stress relief?
You can’t avoid stress, but you can stop it from becoming overwhelming by practicing some daily strategies:
Exercise when you feel symptoms of stress coming on. Even a short walk can boost your mood.
At the end of each day, take a moment to think about what you’ve accomplished — not what you didn’t get done.
Set goals for your day, week and month. Narrowing your view will help you feel more in control of the moment and long-term tasks.
Consider talking to a therapist or your healthcare provider about your worries.
What are some ways to prevent stress?
Many daily strategies can help you keep stress at bay:
Try relaxation activities, such as meditation, yoga, tai chi, breathing exercises and muscle relaxation. Programs are available online, in smartphone apps, and at many gyms and community centers.
Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.
Stay positive and practice gratitude, acknowledging the good parts of your day or life.
Accept that you can’t control everything. Find ways to let go of worry about situations you cannot change.
Learn to say “no” to additional responsibilities when you are too busy or stressed.
Stay connected with people who keep you calm, make you happy, provide emotional support and help you with practical things. A friend, family member or neighbor can become a good listener or share responsibilities so that stress doesn’t become overwhelming.
How long does stress last?
Stress can be a short-term issue or a long-term problem, depending on what changes in your life. Regularly using stress management techniques can help you avoid most physical, emotional and behavioral symptoms of stress.
When should I talk to a doctor about stress?
You should seek medical attention if you feel overwhelmed, if you are using drugs or alcohol to cope, or if you have thoughts about hurting yourself. Your primary care provider can help by offering advice, prescribing medicine or referring you to a therapist.
A note from Cleveland Clinic
It’s natural and normal to be stressed sometimes. But long-term stress can cause physical symptoms, emotional symptoms and unhealthy behaviors. Try relieving and managing stress using a few simple strategies. But if you feel overwhelmed, talk to your doctor.
GOOD SAY OR BAD ADOPTING COPING STRATEGIES OR HOBBIES ARE THE THING ON WHICH NOBODY HAS A CONTROL OVER DURING THE LOCKDOWN.
The COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing lockdown measures have created unprecedented circumstances that increase stress and anxiety, thus leading individuals experiencing home confinement to adopt various coping strategies that contribute to building resilience. Given the novelty and recency of the COVID-19 lockdown, factors of coping and resilience in this specific context of home confinement remain undefined. Some put this time in effective routine to get good result but there were some who waste their time with some bad coping strategies.
SOME COPING STRATEGIES WERE-
COOKING– people have learnt to cook for them-self. People who live alone and deprived from the food delivery option have taken up the ladle, some who have no choice and some who see this as a opportunity to learn or put their confined time to some effective work or activity.
DUSTING AND CLEANING- people have to take this activity without any choice as with this lockdown and without any house help their hands were tied or say only their hands were the one left to do the job. Some saw this as an opportunity to cover their missed fitness routine and some did because they didn’t have any choice but to keep their house clean.
READING- This is one of the good coping strategies people have taken up in this lockdown. Prior to this covid-19 lockdown, people with their busy and anxious schedule and working hours with no time left to give to literature or reading has taken this opportunity for an mind relaxing time with reading .
SCREEN TIME – This is the most adopted and with too much used time, it’s seen as and become a bad coping strategy and habit especially during this lockdown. Most people coped this confined and with too much time on digital screen with movies, shows and net etc, under these most people are kids and students with no school and colleges.
YOGA – Yoga during this lockdown has replaced the gym for fitness routine and mental health also. Some has adopted it to replace the gym but some ha adopted it to relax their mind from this anxious and confined situation. And surprisingly during lockdown it has become a big hit among all age of people from kids to adult and old people also.
science is an attitude. or a way of looking at things, which arose out of man’s intellectual curiosity. The first humanoid creature that stood on a seashore and observed that the water level rose and fell with the regularity and asked himself what caused this was exhibiting a basic mark of a scientist. As he further noted the changing phases of the moon and correlated tidal and lunar cycles, his scientific expression became more refined, for he was systematizing his data and recognizing relationship even though he could not, at that time, know the casual aspects of the phenomena. throughout the history curiosity and the desire to know have been more intuitive and more sharply developed in some individual than others. some are gifted with the power to question. whereas, some are behind the logical reasoning of everything.
To us, Then, science may be defined as ordered knowledge of natural phenomena and the rational study of the relationship between the concept in which those phenomena are expressed
There are plethora of faces of science but as for a basic human it is a study of all three states of matter and it products. Science is, in basic sense, a search of truth and its meaning an has a foundation in the belief that this is a worth-while human endeavor.
Our search for understanding of the universe, or science, is based of three assumption, each rather simple but nonetheless broad in its influence on views of nature. the first assumption is that natural phenomena are amenable to understanding using scientific methods. the second is that there is orderliness in nature, that a natural process operate according to general principle, so that when the general principles are understood, precautions can be made about natural events such as tidal cycle. finally, the third assumption is that there exists a cause foe each observable effect.
From over many centuries humankind has always been fascinated and devastated by events of nature. Humankind lives in a big blue planet that is mostly water. The one in billions of planet which support life. Therefore it our basic right and necessity to understand how the universe works, how it effects our daily life. There are some people within the billions that have the power and desire to seek the knowledge of everything around them, thus ” scientist”.
For one to become a scientist the basic requirement is being able to question and resolve them. Asking the question to self and have a thirst to find answers. If you live near a university or a research center and shop in nearby markets, you probably cannot distinguish a scientist from any other man. The typical scientist is not the white-coated, long hair, evil-looking or absent minded which is basically shown in movies or cartoons. They are likely to be father or mother with whom you have met randomly. Intellectually, the scientist is neither more nor less genius than any other intelligent man seeking to inquire onto the nature of things. He possesses a high degree of intellectual curiosity about his world and desire to share his finding through publication of results in magazines and journals. Like the mountain climber who wants to scale a peak “just because its there”, the scientist studies a mold, a new chemical, a cell, plant, animals and other mysteries just because they are unknown. Scientist may be said to be pursuing Pure science.
Hostel Life is the main charm of college life.In fact, hostel life is true world of fun and freedom. The students who live in homes envy hostel students. They do not have the parental check.Hostel life is so charming that some students,in spite of having homes in the same city like to live in hostels.College life is generally regarded as the best part of a student’s life. A college is dreamland of a student’s life. It is a beautiful panorama of enjoyment, freedom and friendship. Sweet memories and pleasure of college life are simply amazing. The first and the last day, a group of friends holidays , functions ,other activities and hostel life make college life the most memorable part of students life. In short, it is true that the joys and freedom that seem a dream in school become a reality in college.Hostel life offers many attractions. The main charm is that of freedom. There is no parental observation and restriction. Hostel students have their timetables for come and go,study and play and sleep and wake. In short, they do as and what they wish to do. They may study at night and sleep in the day.They may or may not attend classes. They may go to the cinema whenever they like. So, they have their own lifestyles.
” Freedom is the hallmark of Hostel Life”
Hostel life has the attraction to spend money freely.A hostel student feels free to demand and spend money. Some boys become extravagant in their expenditure. They wear the latest fashion dresses.They can have their rooms very well furnished and they can also attend and arrange parties. They can also adopt expensive hobbies. They feel free to live and spend.Hostel life plays an important role in developing the personality of a student. The students who live in hostel are confident, self-dependent and active. Hostel life helps them to develop a sense of responsibility . Freedom also helps them to grow in a better way. They get good training in practical life. They also feel relax and safe from domestic disturbance. So, every should be given a chance to benefit from hostel life.
There are also some dangers of hostel freedom is misused . Lack of check and restrictions becomes a means of immoral activities. Some boys adpot bad habits like smoking, gambling, and drinking. Vidence also becomes a part of their personality. Generally , they ignore their studies ,waste their time and so fail in the examination. They develop the habit of fraud and lie. They demand more money from their parents on false pretexts. They hesitate to talk about studies and show fake result cards. Fashions become a part of their daily life.In view of the above discussion ,it can be said that hostel life is a mixed blessing. Whether histel life should be praised or cursed depends on the student. In a hostel , a student can achieve all his targets and come out as a complete man. He can also turn into an angry young man. Overall, we say that hostel life is a worth – enjoying experience for every student.
Hostel life makes a student regular in studies and games.The time for studies and games is usually fixed, and their teachers or supervisor watch students. The atmosphere of good hostel is such that it makes a student interested in his regular activities. He likes to move ahead and to do better than others. If he falls behind the senior students ,the teachers can help him to improve himself. Thus, he finds himself engaged in a happy competition .Not only in studies and sports , in other matters like student management of the hostel dining hall, Library,common room,indoor games, and debating and other clubs he can work and gain valuable experience. In any case, a student learns to live independently in a hostel . He cannot get his parents or elders help as he can at home in practically every matter. Sometimes he has to take decisions independently ,for example , whether to go on a trip organised by the college or to particular in a college function. He chooses his friends and companions himself and decides what he may do in his free time. Later, in practical life ,he can adjust himself in changing conditions and circumstances rather easily.
The pleasure of enjoyments of hostel life are many . We can have friends to our liking . We can play different games in the college lawns or in the common room.Without the experiences of hostel life , in our opinion , the life of a student remains incomplete in several ways.A student remembers his hostel life forever . His experiences there bring him rich reward in real life.
Easy access to sophisticated weapons and disruptive advances in technology, especially the cyber world masks the identity of the terrorists, facilitates real time secure communications and the flow of funds and provides access to an infinite resource of DIY kits on issues ranging from making bombs to executing beheadings.
These elements have collectively made terrorism the most preferred means of waging war. Despite the grave threat, the international community is far from reaching a consensus on how to fight this menace collectively.
So deep are the fissures that even adopting a common definition of terrorism and violent extremism has met stiff resistance.
The history of terrorism in India
India’s tryst with terrorism and violent extremism can be traced back partly to the religion based partition in 1947, which ripped the sub-continent into two nations: India and Pakistan.
The sub-continent remained witness to the most horrifying ethnic riots in modern history, which were marked by extreme violence and acts of terrorism.
Following the partition, after a brief period of neutrality, the then Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), Hari Singh formally acceded to India; however, this act of accession has not, and continues not to be recognized by Pakistan which lays claims to the Muslim majority region.
This territorial dispute lies at the core of the long standing conflict between the two nations with both nations each vehemently rejecting the other’s claims.
Further, India views Pakistan as perpetuating the on-going cross border conflict and for sponsoring militant activity in a bid to destabilise the state of J&K and other parts of the country.
In addition, considering the number of ongoing insurgencies in India, terrorism and violent extremism is also a manifestation of:
politico-religious violence
ethnic-sub regional nationalism
socio-economic conditions
politics of identity
The relationship between terrorism and insurgency
What were the causes that led to the genesis of terrorism and its drivers in India? While seeking answers to this question, we will also dwell upon the terrorist initiated incidents and terrorists groups operating in India.
We will explore the complementary relationship between terrorism and insurgency, analyse various forms in which terrorism morphs and finally, establish the contours of successful counterterrorism strategies.
The primary causes of terrorism and insurgency in India are based on political, religious, ethnic, ideological, identity driven, linguistic or socio-economic grievances.
Terrorism in India, can be broadly categorised in three distinct parts:
Cross border terrorism in J&K.
Terrorism in the hinterland.
Extreme violence and terrorism as an integral part of the ongoing insurgencies.
India’s richly diverse society provides a fertile ground for terrorism to thrive in many areas:
politics of communalism and criminalisation
fanatic religious movements and irresponsible statements by political and religious leaders
human rights excesses
marginalised minority communities
high levels of youth unemployment
poverty
illiteracy
poor governance
prolonged delays in criminal justice
Quite often, incidents relating to a particular religious or ethnic group act as a catalyst. They also act as an initiator to indoctrinate/ radicalise youth (and not necessarily only the poor and marginalised) to indulge in extreme forms of violence and terrorism.
Considering the fact that intensity of violence due to religious terrorism has always been very severe, strict law should be framed expeditiously against those delivering ‘hate speeches’ that incite a religious/ ethnic community’s passions.
India also remains highly vulnerable to terrorism by foreign terrorists, due to porous borders with all its neighbours and a long coast line. Resultantly, the terrorists and the insurgents continue to receive material support and funds from many sources.
India has experienced almost all forms of terrorist attacks:
hijacking and blowing up of aircrafts
sabotaging railway tracks
kidnapping hostages for meeting political demands
suicide attacks
the assassination of two of its Prime Ministers
attacks on places of worship, transportation systems, security forces and financial hubs
communal riots followed by extreme violence
attacks both by religious and non-religious terrorist groups.
The modus operandi of terrorism has remained dynamic to achieve its goals and objectives.
Our daily routine can have a toll on our mental health. Work pressures, exam related stress, house responsibilities, overtime with no rest can cause serious health problems and therefore needed to be taken care of. Our human bodies need rest to reset for further work, and when that is ignored we end up getting sick or stressed. As sickness could be treated with medications, we need stress bursting activities too. These activities not only reset our brains for a fresh start but also help us develop the capabilities we never actually cared enough about. These activities help us in getting relaxed after a hectic day or two. There are a number of these activities that can and are helpful in relieving stress.
Hobbies
Every person has at least one or two hobbies that can come as a savior while having a stressful day like, painting, writing, reading, cooking, watching movies, art and craft, singing, dancing etc. With heavy work or studies load people end up paying zero percent attention to their hobbies, but these might help in taking the head out of work for some time and just relaxing while exploring their lost hobbies further. Mostly a person’s hobbies relate to its right part of the brain, which is also responsible for creative development of a being, thus these hobbies can prove to be beneficial in many unexpected ways. Any sort of art form can relieve the stress from a heavy work day.
Music
“My heart, which is so full to overflowing, has often been solaced and refreshed by music when sick and weary.”
Music is to have a magic effect on us while trying to survive through a tiring day. The soft and slow music is to act as a meditation, keeping us at peace and relaxing us. The slow paced music helps us clear our mind and ease up while in a stressful situation. The fast paced music is proven to make us happy or excited while in a low mood. Our brain responds to the happy waves generated by music and helps us loosen up better.
Strolls
With most of the work being desk related or requiring hours of sitting in front of the screen, can be hectic and have unhealthy effects on our mental health. Such a situation calls for a stroll or a walk for at least an hour or so to breathe fresh in park and walk to stretch out our muscles. Walking reduces the strain caused by hours of sitting, thus freeing us from part of our undeserved stress.
Conversations
People sometimes forget the power of conversations. Having work related problems? Talk to your work best friend. Having relationship problem? Talk to your best friend. Having life problems? Talk to your mother. The conversations with right person have the healing power to take you away from a rough, awful day. It might seem like a waste of time to a lot of people but in reality, these conversations hold the power cut off the distress and calm us down.
Breaks
Just like we need an interval in between of a movie or a break in the middle of a show, we sometimes need a break from our daily routine. Little tea or coffee breaks while still going strong with work can be a short term solution but breaks such as- visiting parents, going back to hometown, taking on a vacation, meeting friends, celebrating without any particular reason, can all charge us up to the level that of a fighting war and holding up with pressures then a becomes the easiest task in the world.
Stock collectively refers to all of the shares amongst which the ownership of a company is divided. If you are interested in a risky investment that may get you a lot of profit, then you should definitely try out investing in stock market. Here is a list of the top 10 companies with the most expensive share prices in the world.
1. BIRKSHIRE HATHAWAY
With stock price at $316,248.31 which makes it Rs. 2,20,62,114.60 in Indian currency, and registered in New York Stock Exchange, it is an American MNC with its headquarters in Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America. Formerly known as Valley Falls Company (1839-1929) and Berkshire Fine Spinning Associates (1839-1955), it was founded in 1839 by Oliver Chase with Warren E. Buffett as its current chairman and CEO.
2. LINDT
Full name being Chocoladefabriken Lindt and Sprungli AG, its stock price is 78,500 CHF making it Rs.53,63,063.90 in Indian currency. It is a swiss chocolate and confectionary company which deals with its share in the SIX Swiss Exchange market. It is widely known for its chocolate truffles, chocolate bars and other sweets. Founded in 1845 by David Sprüngli-Schwarz and RudolfLindt, its headquarters is in Kilchberg, Switzerland.
3. NEXT PLC
A British MNC which deals in clothing, footwear and home products. Its stock price is 5,844 GBP (Rs.5,27,403.47) and it is listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). It has over 700 stores worldwide out of which 500 are based in United Kingdom and the other 200 are widely spread across Asia, Europe and Middle East. It is one of the largest clothing retailers in the UK which overtook Marks & Spencer in the early 2012. It was founded in 1864 by Joseph Hepworth and has its headquarters in Enderby, England.
4. SEABOARD CORPORATION
It is an American MNC which deals in several operations. The stock price is $4,699.00 (Rs. 3,28,272.14) and is also listed under the New York Stock Exchange. In USA, its main operation is the production of pork and ocean transportation. Worldwide, it engages in activities like grain processing, sugar production and electrical power generation. Founded by Otto Bresky in 1918, it is headquartered in Merriam, Kansas, USA.
5. NVR INC.
Stock price being $3,215 (Rs. 2,24,567.75) and also listed under the New York Stock Exchange, it is an American construction and mortgage company which runs under the name of Rymarc Homes, Ryan Homes, NV Homes, and Heartland Homes. Founded 1940 by Dwight Schar, it was originally named as Ryan Homes which later on, in 1980, changed to NVR Incorporated. Reston, Virginia, USA is where the headquarters belong.
6. AMAZON INC.
An American MNC that focuses on E-Commerce, digital streaming and artificial intelligence, it is one of the top 5 companies in the USA under the Information Technology industry along with Apple, Microsoft, Facebook and Google. Its stock is priced at $1,923.77 (Rs. 1,34,426.31) and is registered in the New York Stock Exchange. Founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994, it was originally known as Cadabra Inc. which changed in 1995. It has its headquarters in Seattle, Washington, USA.
7. BOOKING HOLDINGS INC.
Formerly known as Priceline.com Incorporated (1998–2014) and The Priceline Group Inc. (2014–2018), its stock price is $1,887.73 (Rs. 1,31,739.96) and it is listed under National Association of Securities Dealer Automated Quotations (NASDAQ) stock exchange. This company is a part of the travel and technology industry and was founded in 1996 by Jay S. Walker. The headquarters are based in Norwalk, Connecticut, USA. Its current president and CEO is Glenn D. Fogel.
8. ALPHABET INC.
Stock price at $1,270.59 (Rs. 88,746.26) and registered under National Association of Securities Dealer Automated Quotations (NASDAQ) stock exchange, it is as American MNC which was founded through the restructuring of Google. It became the parent company of Google and several other subsidiaries. It was founded by the founders of Google itself, Larry Page and Sergey Brin on 2nd October 2015 and has the headquarters in Mountain View, California, USA.
9. MARKEL CORPORATION (MKL)
MKL is a worldwide company of various operations like insurance, reinsurance and investment. Their stock price is $1,027.19 (Rs. 71,741.52) under the New York Stock Exchange. It runs under the insurance industry. Found in 1930 by Samuel A. Markel, its headquarters is in Richmond, Virginia, USA.
10. MRF LTD.
Madras Rubber Factory is an Indian MNC which runs under the tyres and rubber industry. The stock price is Rs.55,918.35 and is listed under the National Stock Exchange (NSE). It is the most expensive stock in the Indian Stock Exchange. It is the largest manufacturer of tyres in India and the sixth largest in the world. Headquartered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, it was founded in 1946 by K.M. Mammen Mappillai.
Whenever I ask readers what the number one thing holding them back from traveling is I almost always get the same answer: Money.
Travelling the world with no money sounds like an impossible dream. But it is possible, and you can do it responsibly without breaking the bank. It should be said that there are some expenses you shouldn’t compromise on (like travel insurance) but there are tons of ways you can travel the world on a budget — including plenty of ways you can travel for free.
Travelling for free entails taking advantage of free accommodation, transportation, and activities that are already out there, thereby reducing your cost to zero. Here, you sacrifice comfort and convenience to extend your travels as long as possible.
And yeah don’t even worry about your food budget the restaurant often has eating challenges just take an insane challenge and fill your paunch
Considerable controversy surrounds the diagnosis of “sex addiction.” It’s been excluded from the fifth edition of the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM-5), but it’s still written about and studied in psychology and counseling circles.
Additionally, it can still be diagnosed Trusted Source using both DSM-5 (as “Other specified sexual dysfunction”) and the “International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems” (ICD-10) criteria (as “Other sexual dysfunction not due to a substance or known physiological condition”).
What are the symptoms of sex addiction?
Since sex addiction isn’t outlined in the DSM-5, there’s considerable controversy about what criteria constitute an addiction.
One characteristic may be secrecy of behaviors, in which the person with the disorder becomes skilled at hiding their behavior and can even keep the condition secret from spouses, partners, and family members. They may lie about their activities or engage in them at times and places where they won’t be found out.
But sometimes symptoms are present and noticeable. A person may have a sex addiction if they show some or all of the following signs:
chronic, obsessive sexual thoughts and fantasies
compulsive relations with multiple partners, including strangers
lying to cover behaviors
preoccupation with having sex, even when it interferes with daily life, productivity, work performance, and so on
inability to stop or control the behaviors
putting oneself or others in danger due to sexual behavior
feeling remorse or guilt after sex
experiencing other negative personal or professional consequences
Compulsive behaviors can strain relationships, for example, with the stress of infidelity — although some people may claim to have a sex addiction as a way to explain infidelity in a relationship.
It’s important to remember that enjoying sexual activity is not a sign of sex addiction. Sex is a healthy human activity, and enjoying it is normal. In addition, differences in the level of sexual interest between partners does not mean that one partner has a sex addiction.
What are the treatments for sex addiction?
Since the diagnosis is controversial, evidence-based treatment options are lacking.
Those who describe treating sex addiction may recommend one or more of the following methods.
Inpatient treatment programs
There are many inpatient treatment centers that offer sex addiction recovery programs. Often, people with a sex addiction are removed from their normal daily lives for at least 30 days to help them regain control of their impulses and start healing. These types of programs typically include in-depth individual and group therapy sessions.
12-step programs
Programs such as Sex Addicts Anonymous (SAA) follow the same recovery model as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). They can be very helpful for addressing sex addiction.
Members aren’t required to give up sex entirely, but they are encouraged to refrain from compulsive and destructive sexual behavior. Group meetings with others addressing the same challenges provide a good support system.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
This type of therapy can help a person identify triggers for sexual impulses and ultimately teach them how to alter behaviors. This is achieved through one-on-one sessions with a licensed mental health therapist.
Medication
Some people may benefit from a course of drug therapy. Certain antidepressants might help alleviate urges (which is separate from the potential side effects of some antidepressants that can cause decreased libido or impair other aspects of the sexual experience).
It’s not clear, however, whether a physician would prescribe drugs for this condition.
What’s the outlook for sex addiction?
The person addressing sex addiction faces a unique set of challenges. They may be engaging in behaviors that put their relationships, their own safety and health, and the health of their partner in jeopardy. At the same time, sex addiction is considered a controversial diagnosis and it’s lacking diagnostic criteria as well as evidence-based treatments.
Eduindex News 
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