Category: Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, and some machines; there is also evidence for some kind of learning in certain plants.

How Covid-19 pandemic has hit the fashion industry hard?

The coronavirus outbreak has negatively impacted the fashion industry on every imaginable level; production has ceased, retailers have closed, and demand has plummeted.

As we all know that fashion is an industry that runs on change with new trends, styles, and whole new ranges offered up every season. To meet those demands, it must keep the supply chain working at full steam to stitch up and ship out new fashions at breakneck speed.

According to reports the Global Fashion Agenda in its Pulse of the Fashion Industry 2019 study “Fashion companies are not implementing sustainable solutions fast enough to counterbalance negative environmental and social impacts of the rapidly growing fashion industry”.

Now the global coronavirus pandemic has brought sustainability to the forefront. As an immediate threat to everyone’s health, it demonstrates how fragile we are as human beings and how our future health and happiness depend on the healthy environment that we have around us.

The coronavirus crisis has crumpled the social fabric of our lives and the fashion industry as well. Be it the way we address our financial goals or the way we dress are in our hands which has been automatically crushed after the attack of this deadly virus.

Even as fashion titans like Louis Vuitton, Prada, Gucci and some Indian designers are casting their bread upon the waters to create safe and sustainable clothing (including PPE kits), the most that we can do is wait. and watch!

Fashion historians believe that people changed their dressing style after the 1918 Flu Pandemic, the Great Depression and World War II. The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic is no exception.

But after all this, fashion has not been put down but has found new ways. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic has impacted all spheres but be its online retail, or traffic on e-commerce sites like Amazon.com, E-commerce sales grew during the initial six months of 2020 as everything became online. The online market of second-hand and recycled clothes, shoes and accessories has also seen a spike during this period. Many retailers from the fashion industry in the U.S. and other countries went all out to find a different way to send products into the hands of the shoppers and started shipping as it can be time-consuming but profitable. Added to that, many consumers simply aren’t interested in buying clothes right now. There’s so much focus on purchasing essential items to survive during the lockdown and I think everyone’s minds have naturally been focused on that. So fashion just becomes an after-thought or no thought.

You may nod and naff in equal measure, but it looks like Back to Basics. Now fashion trends are varying as the world slowly emerges from the global quarantine. With weddings now becoming more intimate, smaller in size, the fusion trends will find favour with both brides and bridesmaids. Mirror lehengas, organza skirts, pre-stitched sarees, necklet gowns, dhoti-crop tops in handwoven fabrics and hand-done embroideries with traditional textile techniques will trend. It will also help support the rural artisans and handloom communities.

TIPS FOR STUDYING EFFECTIVELY ONLINE

How many times have we opened our books to study, only to discover that even sitting for hours, we are still unable to grasp the material? Because of our sub-conscious mentality, we sometimes attend class yet don’t understand anything. We are physically there in class, but not psychologically.

Here are some study suggestions to help you get the most out of your time:

1.Select a study location that has reliable Internet access.

Making a Good Study Place For Board Exam : Good environment highly..

When studying, you will most likely need to refer to online lectures and notes. As a result, you’ll need a study location where your Internet connection won’t be disrupted. Internet access will be especially vital for things like class study sessions.

2.Make a schedule for studying.

How to Create a Study Schedule: 14 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow


In order to succeed in an online course, you must stick to a rigid timetable. You must keep up with the course material on your own time even if you are not expected to attend courses or lectures at specific times. As a result, self-discipline is critical. Make a weekly schedule for logging into the class and studying the information.

3. Be disciplined.

Becoming a Disciplined Person | Little Things Matter

It can be hard to stick to a schedule for an online course. However, be strict with yourself about adhering to your schedule. Self-discipline is vital to your success in an online course.

It can be difficult to focus on your online course if you have a social media account open in another tab on your computer. When you’re doing classwork, avoid browsing the Internet, checking your email, and other distractions.

4.Actively learn

When the neurons in your brain are active, you can learn. You must engage your intellect in order to learn properly. Write notes in your own words, recollect knowledge, and speak about what you know about a subject without referring to notes.

5.Staying Motivate

How to stay motivated on We Heart It


To achieve your goals, employ motivational techniques. You may study while listening to music you enjoy, or imagine yourself finishing the assignment in an hour and taking a well-deserved vacation.

6.Any materials should be printed.


The internet or your computer can be a source of distraction at times. When you’re studying, it’s a good idea to switch your laptop off. You should also print out course materials such as the curriculum and timetable.

7.Test yourself

Test Yourself: Psychology Cheats For PlayStation 3 - GameSpot

Even if you don’t have access to practice tests, you can still test yourself by writing down everything you remember after each new chapter or frequently asking yourself questions about what you’re learning.

Duties Of An Agent

Agent and Principal

An “agent” is a person employed to do any act for another, or to represent another in dealing with third person. The person for whom such an act is done, or who is so represented, is called the “principal”. The contract between Principal and Agent is called ‘Contract of Agency’. Section 182 of the act defines the terms “Agent” and “Principal”.

Types of an Agent

  1. Brokers
  2. Factors
  3. Del Ceredere Agents
  4. Auctioneers

Duties Of An Agent

  1. Agent’s duty in conducting principal’s business (Section 211): An agent is bound to conduct the business of his principal according to the directions given by the principal, or, in the absence of any such directions, according to the custom which prevails in doing business of the same kind at the place where the agent conducts such business. When the agent acts otherwise, if any loss be sustained, he must make it good to his principal, and, if any profit accrues, he must account for it. Illustration: B, a broker in whose business it is not the custom to sell on credit, sells goods of A on credit to C, whose credit at the time was very high. C, before payment, becomes insolvent. B must make goods the loss to A.
  2. Skill and diligence required from an agent (Section 212): An agent is bound to conduct the business of the agency with as much skill as is generally possessed by persons engaged in similar business, unless the principal has notice of his want of skill. The agent is always bound to act with reasonable diligence, and to use such skill as he possesses; and to make compensation to his principal in respect of the direct consequences of his own neglect, want of skill or misconduct, but not in respect of loss or damage which are indirectly or remotely caused by such neglect, want of skill or misconduct.
  3. Duty to render proper accounts (Section 213): According to Section 213 of the Indian Contract Act 1872, an agent is bound to render proper accounts to his principal on demand.
  4. Duty to communicate with principal (Section 214): It is the duty of an agent, in cases of difficulty, to use all reasonable diligence in communicating with his principal, and in seeking to obtain his instructions.
  5. Not to deal on his own account: Section 215 of the Indian Contract Act 1872 deals with rights of principal when the agent deals, on his own account, in the business of agency without principal’s consent. Section 215 runs as follows- If an agent deals on his own account in the business of the agency, without first obtaining the consent of his principal and acquainting him with all material circumstances which have come to his own knowledge on the subject, the principal may repudiate the transaction, if the case shows either that any material fact has been dishonestly concealed from him by the agent, or that the dealings of the agent have been disadvantageous to him.
  6. Not to make Secret Profits: Section 216 of the Indian Contract Act, deals with Principal’s right to benefit gained by the agent dealing on his own account in the business of agency. An agent, without the knowledge of his principal, should not deal in the business of agency on his own to make secret profit. Illustrations: A directs B, his agent, to buy a certain house for him. B tells A it cannot be bought, and buys the house for himself. A may, on discovering that B has bought the house, compel him to sell it to A at the price he gave for it.
  7. Duty to pay sums received for principal: According to Section 218 of the said act, an agent is bound to pay to his principal all sums received on his account. It is the duty of an agent to maintain secrecy of the business of agency and should not reveal the confidential matters.
  8. Duty not to delegate his duties (Section 190): When an agent has undertaken to perform certain duties personally, he is not allowed to delegate his duties to another person.

Safety Of Women In Public Transport

Have you ever travelled in a public transport or in any bus, train, or metro train? Do you think public transports are safe for women? Being a women do you feel safe while travelling in any mode of public transport? Public transport is on essential service that provides individuals with access to work, to an education and to all of life’s opportunities. And yet, the access of many women and girls to safe public transport options is threatend by the potential of being assaulted or victimised. The findings revealed that 59% of women use public transport like buses, trains and on demand taxis as it is affordable but only 9% of women feel public transport is completely safe, while 3% claim it is completely unsafe and rest 47% claiming that they felt somewhat safe using it during the day, but not at night. The fear of molestation, assault, eve-teasing and male-gaze makes women feel unsafe in modes of public transport. Everyday 7 out of 10 women face some kind of bad behaviour, molestation, male-gaze while travelling in a public transport. Travelling late at night alone in train, bus, on demand taxis is a topic of concern for women. As you remember the Nirbhaya case happened in 2012, a 23 year old girl was beaten, gang raped and tortured in a bus in which she was travelling. Lack of road lighting is a key factor behind feeling unsafe, with 40% women stating only major roads were well lit. Sanitisation is also a problem for women in public transport/bus. Train stations and trains are vulnerable spaces for women due to crowded space or, due to isolated areas where there is no one available to intervene and help in case of emergency. Sexual assault, molestation and even rape are reported on trains and have been on the rise. Not reporting sexual harassment is also a common occurence. Only 30% women report the case of molestation as the women fears that reporting the case will degrade her family’s reputation. More than 50% of the cases remain upreported and the culprit live freely in the society.

The cases against women in public transport are on a rise but the following written measures can be taken to stop the increasing and high pace of these evil acts. Improving the lighting on the roads and on railways; bus and metro stations will have a direct influence over the perception of safety. Having more entry and exit prints to ease congestion. Improving infrastructure including toilets; staircase and pedestrain bridges; publicising helpline numbers; having functional and visible helpdesks where women can get immediate assistance; Making reporting incidents simple and easy so that more women do it- this can help show the patterns and trends and lead to pre-emptive solutions.

In conclusion, i would like to say that the world is changing at a rapid pace and we are living in the 21st century in a technological world but still the women in our society doesn’t feel safe while travelling in a public transport. Women fear molestation, rape, assault and male-gaze in public transport. Measures should be taken to safeguard women as women are the important pillar of our society and safeguarding them is the need of the hour. Men and boys should also be taught to respect women instead of disrespecting them and seeing them as a sex object. Both women and men are equal in society and should be treated equally and respected to make the society a better place for living.

Rights Of An Agent

An “agent” is a person employed to do any act for another, or to represent another in dealing with third persons. The person for whom such an act is done, or who is so represented, is called the “principal”. Section 182 of the act defines the terms “Agent” and “Principal”.

Rights of an Agent

  1. Right to Receive Remuneration: According to Section 219 of the Indian Contract Act, an agent is entitle to his remuneration. But Section 220 of the said act says that, an agent who is guilty of misconduct in the business of an agency is not entitled to any remuneration in respect of that part of the business which he has misconducted.
  2. Right of Lien (Section 221): Agent’s lien on principal’s property- In the absence of any contract to the contrary, an agent is entitled to retain goods, papers and other property, whether movable or immovable, of the principal received by him, until the amount due to himself for commission, disbursements and services in respect of the same has been paid or accounted for to him.
  3. Right to Indemnity: Agent to be indemnified against consequences of lawful acts. Indemnity means promise make good the loss. According to Section 222 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 “The employer of an agent is bound to indemnify him against the consequences of all lawful acts done by such agent in exercise of the authority conferred upon him. Illustrations: B, at Singapore, under instructions from A of Calcutta, contracts with C to deliver certain goods to him. A does not send the goods to B, and C sues B for breach of contract. B informs A of the suit, and A authorities him to defend the suit. B defends the suit and is compelled to pay damages and costs and incurs expenses. A is liable to B for such damages, costs and expenses.
  4. Right to Compensation: According to Section 225 of the said act, an agent is entitled to claim compensation for the injuries suffered as a consequence or want of skill of the principal. Section 225 reads as follows- “The principal must make compensation to his agent in respect of injury caused to such agent by the principal’s neglect or want of skill. Illustration: A employs B as a bricklayer in building a house, and puts up the scaffholding himself. The scaffholding is unskillfully put up, and B is in consequence hurt. A must make compensation to B.
  5. Right to Retain Sums (Section 217 and 218): The agent has a duty to pay to his principal all sums received on principal’s account. But he also has a right to retain, out of any sums received on account of principal in the business of agency, all money due to himself in respect of advances made or expenses properly incurred by him in conducting such business and also such remuneration as may be payable to him for acting as agent. Similarly, when an agent sells his principal’s goods, he may detain the money received, for his remuneration on account of the goods sold by him. Such right can be exercised by an advocate also but lien must be confined to the costs incurred in that particular case.

What to expect from an Internship

1. Networking

One of the most rewarding takeaways from internship is definitely Networking. It helps build professional relationship right at beginning of your professional career. Networking during an internship is really important for your career growth and social life. The power of relationships can provide you with professional opportunities in the future that you would never dreamed of. It will help you to hear tips and gain advice from others who are successful. There are so many advantage of networking, it will definitely help you to build a great future. Exchanging information on challenges, experiences and goals is a key benefit of networking because it allows you to gain new insights that you may not have otherwise thought of. Similarly, offering helpful ideas to a contact is an excellent way to build your reputation as an innovative thinker.  

In the future, these contacts could be potential references and may be also help connect you to new opportunities.

 

2. Soft Skills

Apart from enhancing skills in your professional domain, internships come bearing gifts in the form of soft skills. Alongside time management, teamwork and communication skills, you also learn to work with people who get on your nerves, adapt to demanding superior and long work hours and take accountability for your work. Skills like punctuality, multi-tasking, creative thinking, problem solving will help you with your full time job.

3. Working World Experience

Internship essentially serve as blueprint of how professional offices work. Regardless of the responsibilities, most internship follow a similar profile. Through an internship, you can learn more about responsibilities, hierarchies and schedules in a real time office. When students have an opportunity to experience real-world situations, it allows them to practice the skills they learn about in their books and truly understand the task at hand. Teamwork is an extremely important thing in the industry.

So if you want to try those big girl pant before buying them, an internship is your way to go!!

4. Compensation

We are gonna be loud and clear for everyone to hear, experience does not pay bills. You’ll come across internship offering ‘learning’ and ‘experience’ as compensation for your work. And often, in the rush to add a few lines to your resume you may be tempted to take up the first internship that comes your way. Trust me, there are tons of internship out there that will monetarily compensate you for your efforts and skills.

If an internship offers you all of these just grab it!!

                

5 Interesting things you should know about South Korea

South Korea is like a dream country for all youngsters out there!! because of “K-pop” and specially “BTS”, every teenager girl wants to move South Korea. So here are the 5 most interesting things you should know about South Korea before moving.

1. Koreans never smell bad

Korean people lack a gene which produces smelly odour due to sweat. Hence they don’t smell bad at all even if they are sweat a sea. Don’t you think it’s amazing, after working all day, you are sweating like a sea but you won’t smell bad at all!!

2. Shutter sound while taking picture

You can’t turn off the shutter sound while taking picture. If you bought a smartphone from South Korea no matter what you do or how much you try but, you can’t turn off the shutter sound while taking pictures. This is for safety reasons, if someone is taking your picture secretly or without your permission then, this shutter sound will help you to know that someone is clicking your picture.

3. Your age

In Korea you are 1 or 2 years older that your actual present age. Koreans consider a year in the womb as counting towards their age, so everyone is one year old at birth. Everyone gets one year added to their Korean age on New Year’s Day.

Formula for calculating your Korean age = Current year + 1 – Birth year

4. Safety light spots

Whenever you feel unsafe while walking alone on streets of South korea don’t panic, you just have to stand on safety light spot positions which are under cctv observation 24/7 then, no one will dare to do anything to you. These safety light spots will monitor you continuously so no one can harm you and you will be safe until you call someone for help. Don’t you think this is the most coolest thing in South Korea!!

5. Don’t wear any cleavage-baring tops

Even if there are tops or blouses with cleavage, women take extra precaution generally when sitting, bending, and bowing. But in Korea if you wore a top with cleavage, you will have to face a negative comments because it’s consider sexual or too revealing.
For girls, don’t wear low cut shirts or expose your shoulders. This is considered very provocative. But wearing short skirts consider as cute.

Research method and its types

Introduction:
A specific way of collecting and analyzing data is called research method. What info is being collected and what data requires more importance for the research question is what the research method is dependent on. A research question is the question that a research project sets out to answer. The two types of research methods are collection of data and how that data is analyzed.

1] Collection of data: Deciding what data you would like to collect
To think about would it be qualitative or quantitative data you are collecting
Will the data be in form of numbers of words

•Primary or secondary data:
Primary data = collecting original data
Secondary data = using the data that has already been collected by someone else

•Descriptive or experimental:
Descriptive = using information as it is
Experimental = performing an experiment

2] How the data is analysed:

•For quantitative:
Statistical analysis methods to test relationships between variables.

•For qualitative:
Thematic analysis to interpret patterns and meanings of that data.

~ The 7 types of research methods are:
Survey method
Case study method
Ethnographic method
Interview method
Focus group
Experiment method
Archival study method

•Survey method:
The technique of collecting data by asking questions to people who might have desired answers is called survey. It covers a large audience. Examples of survey method are opinion polls and market research. Two tools of conducting survey are the questionnaire method and Interviews.

•Case study method:
A detailed study of any subject such as a person, place, group, event or organization is called case study. The main purpose of this method is to exemplify, to expand and to challenge. There are two types of case studies, outlying case study and representative case study.

•Ethnographic method:
The word ethnographic preserves its original meaning. It is a way of collecting data wile studying people in their natural settings or fields to capture the meaning of their everyday life. The field worker collects the data. He observes and questions the subject to understand them better. The two ways to conduct the experiment through this method are, open versus closed setting, overt versus covert approach and active versus passive approach.

•Interview method:
An interview is a face to face questioning from the interviewer the interviewee. These questions are open ended and it is more suitable for a small population. There are four types of interviews, structured interviews, unstructured interviews, semi-structured interviews and in depth interviews.

•Focus group:
Focus group focused on a group of 6-10 members with similar interests and characteristics who provide useful information. A trained moderator leads this group and gathers helpful information.

•Experiment group:
A group of independent variables are manipulated to see their effect on the dependent variables. This is called experiment method. They are mainly done to test a hypothesis.

•Archival study method:
Archival study method or the secondary data analysis involves analyzing data collected by others. It is mostly found in books, newspapers, magazines etc. It is also readily available to the reader.

Conclusion:
Research follows a particular discipline and method. As long as it is followed, your research will be a good one.

FLOATING NEIGHBORHOODS OF AMSTERDAM: A STEP TO COMBAT SEA LEVEL RISE

“Floating Neighborhood” is a water-based solution for the problem for Holland’s housing needs. This neighborhood floats, freezes, tilts on the water of Lake Eimer. The goal is to “make a circular, resilient, floating neighborhood”. The floating houses have similar architecture to that of the land homes and each house is connected to the floor of Lake Eimer. The building elements of the houses are: wood, plastic and glass. The architecture of the neighborhood is based on water environment and each house have individual water jetties for getting connected with land. Running below the jetties, cables and pipes generate gas, electricity, water, cable, and provide a sewage drainage system for each floating home. The community of the water dwellers have the facility where when one resident is short on electrical power, another neighbor can offer some of theirs if they’ve got any leftover current. The Municipal Authority along with other innovators, planners and architects developed a draft for sustainability master plan for the floating development with maximum priority on sustainability.

Floating House

The main aim of “Floating Neighborhood” is to build sustainable neighborhood capable of addressing the challenges of an aquatic environment and harness the unique synergies it offers to residents. The neighborhood has adopted many approaches for solving environmental issues and rising sea level.

Adopted Approaches:

Sustainability of Floating Neighborhoods
  • Sustainable Solutions: The neighborhood relies on carbon intensive gas heating, well-insulated homes and passive solar heating through designs which make maximum utilization of natural sunlight, along with pumps which harvest warmth from the canal water even in winter. Solar boilers provide hot water, and water-recycling showers are equipped with technologies that recover heat that would otherwise go down the drain.
  • Harvesting waste water: The wastewater is transported to a nearby floating biorefinery which recovers nutrients and energy from the organic waste streams. Houses have vacuum toilets which are linked with decentralized sanitation facility and use anaerobic digester for producing energy using biogas, phosphorous and nitrates.
  • Usage of Sustainable Building Materials: The neighborhood uses sustainable building materials only which are light in weight and buoyant (bamboo is mostly preferred). The neighborhood has a community center which serves as a hub of neighborhood wide sustainability initiatives.
  • Smart Microgrid on Water: With the help of smart microgrid system on water, the residents have special permission that provides them the ownership of their own grid as well as energy sourcing and billing. Each house as installed large solar PV array and heat which with battery storage systems. The households have connections with energy management system which intelligently coordinates supply and demand of power within the community and allows the residents to trade energy with each other.
  • Replicable Blueprint for Green Building: The homes have green roofs where the residents can grow foods and plants. They can also collect rainwater and use it for different purposes. The rainwater can also be used for flushing the ultra-efficient toilets. The homes have solar hot water collector which connects to fixtures like recirculating shower, which cleans water in a water loop and saves both water and energy.
Floating House of Amsterdam

Different opportunities after the GATE exam

In this era, just being a graduate won’t bag you a wonderful job opportunity. All of us are well aware of the decreasing employment rates in India. So for an unprecedented career, one should go for higher studies. This won’t just open up the doors to your bright future but will also boost your career. Hence, these days, the students prepping for higher education opt for competitive exams.

GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) exam is one such very well-known exam. Almost all the science and engineering students appear for the exam and are also aware of the chunks of opportunities.

Well, if you too want to go for higher studies such as M. Tech or ME after your graduation. Then, this competitive exam is for you. Let me list out some benefits of qualifying GATE exam.

Public Sector Units (PSUs)

Candidates qualifying GATE with magnificent ranks is directly called for interviews by these organizations. These days many PSUs are hiring candidates with good GATE scores such as BHEL, IOCL, ONGC, SAIL, NTPC, HPCL, PGCIL, BARC and over 200 more PSUs present in the country consider GATE scores as a satisfactory criterion in their recruitment process. A job in a PSU ensures you keep in touch with intriguing engineering advances while enjoying the security and perks of a Govt. salary. Working in a PSU will not only help you lead an affluent life but also you will serve your country.

Higher Studies

If you crack the exam with an outstanding score, then the best opportunity is to get into India’s prestigious institutes like IITs and NITs or IISC. Based on your specialization and interests you can choose your favorite institutes. After completion of your higher studies, firms like Google, Samsung, Tata, Maruti, Cisco, and several other eminent companies with salaries ranging from 8 lakhs to 30 lakhs per annum bless you with really excellent campus placement opportunities. And if you have always dreamt of getting that tag of an “IITian” before your name, this is the exam that paves the path towards it.

Research

If you are zealous about your subject and want to explore new things, then after the completion of your M. Tech or ME, you can also opt for research, Junior Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories. Research is an area which is not developed properly in our country explored though it holds great promise. A very few people stay back in the country to do their research fellowship rather they go to foreign countries for a better prospect and future. But why should you go to a foreign university and do research while also having to struggle with part-time jobs to meet expenses? You can do the same outstanding and path-breaking researches in your own country and simultaneously can earn a hefty stipend for that. Isn’t a good option for you? By doing research in your own country, you can make your country and people proud.

Joining foreign universities after GATE

Another great opportunity after GATE is that you can join foreign universities for your higher education and fulfill all your dreams. Many universities in Germany, Singapore consider a valid GATE score, i.e. above 90 percentile as a parameter for admission. While many universities in Germany waive tuition fees for their various M. Tech and MS programs. So, make hard work for your GATE exam preparation and can get one step closer to your dream.

So, it’s prime time to start with your GATE preparation if you’re in your third year of engineering

How to Reduce Melanin Pigment to enhance skin tone.

Melanin is a pigment that’s responsible for your skin tone. Generally, having more melanin means that you have darker skin and if you want to reduce your melanin content, then you’re essentially lightening your skin tone. There are many options to lighten your skin tone like the safest and most effective method is laser treatment from a dermatologist. You can also try some approved skin creams to bleach the affected area. But keep in mind that you always do this under the supervision of a dermatologist to experience the best results. Some methods to enhance your skin tone and reduce melanin pigment are:-

Method-1

Laser Treatment

Consult your dermatologist about laser treatment-

Targeted laser treatment is the most common and effective procedure to reduce melanin. It’s especially useful because a dermatologist can specifically focus on dark patches without bleaching all your skin. If you’d like this treatment, then contact a professional dermatologist for a consultation. The dermatologist will then bring you in to determine if you’re a good candidate for laser treatment.

Dermatologists typically use lasers on people with dark patches or blotches on their skin. If you want to lighten larger areas, then they’ll probably use a cream or peel instead.

Only visit a licensed and certified dermatologist for laser treatment. Some cosmetic clinics might offer the treatment, but they may not use the best techniques or equipment.

Your insurance may or may not cover the treatment, so keep the cost in mind.

Let the dermatologist test your skin to ensure a laser treatment is safe for your skin or not-

Before the procedure, the dermatologist will probably do a test to make sure you aren’t overly sensitive to the laser. This involves focusing on a small patch of your skin for a short period of time. The dermatologist will then send you home to see if you have any reactions over the next few days, then schedule your laser treatment if all looks good.

Signs of a negative reaction include excessive redness, swelling, burning, and itching. Let your dermatologist know right away if you experience these side effects.

If you do have a negative reaction to the laser, then your dermatologist can recommend other lightning techniques.

Undergo a 30-60-minute laser treatment-

During the procedure, the dermatologist will give you eye protection to guard against the laser. They’ll then rub a laser device onto the affected area, and possibly blow cool air onto your skin to prevent the laser from overheating you. The treatment lasts 30-60 minutes and you can go home after it is done.

The treatment might feel a bit prickly or hot, but you shouldn’t feel pain. Let the dermatologist know right away if the treatment hurts you.

If you’re having treatment on just a few spots, then the session will probably be shorter. If you’re treating a large area, then it will be longer.

Return for repeat sessions if necessary–

Whether or not you need more sessions depends on how large of an area you treated. Listen to your dermatologist’s instructions and schedule follow-up treatments if necessary.

The dermatologist will probably want to examine your skin in a week or 2 regardless to see how you’re healing and if everything looks good then treatment is successfully done.

Wash the area with fragrance-free soap every day–

Keeping the area clean helps prevent infections and complications. Wet it with clean, warm water and then gently rub some fragrance-free soap onto it. Rinse the area off and pat it dry with a towel.

The area will probably be sensitive for a few days, so don’t scrub it hard or use a washcloth. This will be painful if the area isn’t healed yet.

Don’t pick at any scabs that form. This could cause a scar.

Apply aloe vera gel or cream to soothe the area until it heals-

 You might have some minor burns or irritation after the procedure. You could soothe the area with aloe vera gel or cream to reduce burning and discomfort. Try applying it once or twice a day as needed. Make sure any crams you use are fragrance-free to avoid irritation.

Follow all of your dermatologist’s instructions. If they tell you that putting any cream on the area isn’t safe, then listen to them.

You could also use a cold compress to relieve the pain if the dermatologist says you can’t use aloe cream.

Protect the area with sunscreen for at least 6 months after the treatment-

The area will be more sensitive to sunlight since the melanin has been removed. Make sure you protect it for at least 6 months after the procedure. Apply sunscreen regularly with at least 30 SPF whenever you go outside to avoid sunburns.

If the spot is in an area you can cover with your clothes, then you don’t need sunscreen.

Method-2

Using Skin-Lightening Products

Use a chemical peel to remove surface melanin-

If you want to lighten large patches of skin instead of a few spots, then your dermatologist may try a chemical peel to reduce melanin pigmentation. They will rub an acid agent onto your skin and let it sit for about 25-30 minutes. During this time, it dissolves the surface skin layers. Then, the dermatologist will wash the mask off.

Your dermatologist will probably use light to medium-depth peel to start out with. In general, the lighter you want your skin, the deeper the peel has to be.

If you have sensitive skin, your dermatologist may not use a chemical peel. Placing acid on sensitive skin could cause a lot of irritation and cause burning of the skin.

You may need multiple chemical peels to remove excess melanin.

Non-prescription and store-bought chemical peels are not recommended and could be harmful. Only have a chemical peel treatment under a dermatologist’s supervision.

You can visit your dermatologist for a microdermabrasion treatment-

This treatment involves using fine crystals to sand away the top skin layers and reveal fresh skin underneath. This is usually used to remove scars, but could also lighten your skin. The dermatologist will numb your skin, then spend a few minutes grinding at the dark spot. After the treatment is finished, you’ll be sent home to recover.

Your skin will be irritated and red for a few days after the treatment. Your dermatologist might tell you to take pain relievers and provide you with washing instructions to help you heal faster.

Microdermabrasion is usually only used on small patches, so your dermatologist may use a cream or peel if you want a large area lightened.

Ask your dermatologist for a prescription whitening cream-

If you don’t want to have an in-office procedure, you could also get a prescription product to apply at home. Most of these creams contain retinoids or hydroquinone, both of which can lighten skin. Apply the cream onto your skin exactly as directed by your derma. In most cases, you’ll have to use prescription creams for about 3 months to complete the treatment.

The application instructions vary with different products, but in most cases, you’ll apply the cream 1 or 2 times per day. Rub it in completely and then wash your hands thoroughly.

Keep the cream away from your mouth or eyes.

Don’t get the cream on anyone else, or it could bleach their skin. Keep the cream away from children’s.

Those with darker skin tones should exercise caution if considering using a product that contains hydroquinone, as it can cause irreversible discolouration and skin darkening.

Apply an over-the-counter 2% hydroquinone cream-

Hydroquinone is a common bleaching product that’s effective for lightening skin. Low concentrations are available from pharmacies without a prescription. Check the application instructions and apply the cream to the affected area exactly as directed and don’t go out in sun.

OTC creams should produce results within 4 months. If you don’t notice any change, contact your dermatologist.

Products with a hydroquinone concentration higher than 2% are usually not available without a prescription. This is because hydroquinone could cause health problems in high concentrations and with long-term use.

Some countries have banned hydroquinone without a prescription or altogether because of potential health risks. However, studies demonstrate that concentrations between 2-4% are not dangerous.

Get a skin cream that contains kojic acid-

This is another common ingredient that’s used in many skin-lightening products. This is because it can reduce the amount of melanin in your skin and prevent the formation of new melanin cells. Check the pharmacy or shop online for a kojic acid cream and apply it exactly as directed.

Kojic acid doesn’t have the potential health risks of hydroquinone, so you can use it if your country has banned hydroquinone. You could also ask your dermatologist for a prescription to buy kojic acid cream.

WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution is a global problem, affecting every continent and occurring in every type of ecosystem. It can be caused by industrial, agricultural and sewage systems, as well as by natural processes.

Water pollution does not respect political boundaries (or rivers), and can be managed at the international, national and local level. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms that contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment. Water pollution can come from a number of different sources. If the pollution comes from a single source, such as an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. If the pollution comes from many sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution. Most types of pollution affect the immediate area surrounding the source. Sometimes the pollution may affect the environment hundreds of miles away from the source, such as nuclear waste, this is called transboundary pollution.

550+ Water Pollution Pictures | Download Free Images on Unsplash

Water pollution is estimated to cause over 4 billion lost human lives per year. The global costs of water pollution exceed more than $1 trillion per year, making it the most costly environmental health hazard.Globally more than 2.5 billion people lack adequate drinking water, and another 1.8 billion lack adequate sanitation. More than 40% of the world’s population lives in water-stressed areas. The majority of this population lives in developing countries. In developing countries, water pollution is almost wholly due to point source pollution. The majority of the global burden of disease, injury, and premature mortality is estimated to be due to diseases caused by contaminated drinking water, sanitation, and unsafe sewage. Such major pollution events account for about 40 percent of the world’s total estimated disease burden.

It is well known that there are a number of ways in which water pollution can occur.

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION

  • Industrial water pollution results when materials that are harmful to humans or the environment are dumped into water. Often industry will be negligent in ensuring that harmful wastes are managed safely.
  • Agricultural pollution derives from the discharge of chemicals to increase crop yields, or pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers to grow food.
  • Wastewater pollution results from the discharge of human waste, sewage and industrial wastewater.
  • Nonpoint or diffuse pollution is pollution that occurs when substances diffuse into the water from a variety of sources.
  • Point source pollution is the damaging flow of a substance that originates from a single location that can be easily identified, contained or cleaned up.
Water Pollution: The Invisible Threat The World Is Ignoring

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

  • Virtually all types of water pollution are harmful to the health of humans and animals. Water pollution may not damage our health immediately but can be harmful after long term exposure.
  •  Heavy metals from industrial processes are toxic to marine life such as fish and subsequently to the humans who eat them.They can cause immune suppression, reproductive failure or acute poisoning.
  • Microbial water pollution is a major problem in the developing world, with diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever being the primary cause of infant mortality.
Water pollution - latest news, breaking stories and comment - The Independent

These are just few effects of water pollution. If you wanna know more do research and know about it.

There are many ways to prevent water pollution and to avoid contaminating the water. Yes, there are various treatment plans to treat polluted water. For example, Sewage treatment plans, denitrification etc. The one thing we can do with the waste water is, Kitchen water can be directed to garden to save water as well as pollution. The things I said today are limited but there are many meaning in it. Hope you know more about it.

Top 6 Causes of Water Pollution and How to Reduce the Risks
SAVE WATER; SAVE LIFE

Read more;

WBYR- White, Black, Yellow, Red

Photo by Daniel Spase on Pexels.com

The names of the colors seemed strange, didn’t they? And I bet the picture above makes it all a lot more bizarre. But here’s the thing, all those colors above are names of lakes, well seas actually, that are spread all over the world. For those who knew we were gonna talk about seas, I bet you don’t know what gives them this distinctive name. Do you? Well, if you do know where they are located and why they are named so, you can skip the article. Or, you can read it, you know. It can be a wonderful revision and you can let me know if I miss something.

Well let’s start with black lake, shall we? The black lake helps the Urals, the Caspian sea and the Caucasus define the boundary between Europe and Asia. It shares its boundary with Ukraine to the north, Russia and Georgia to the east, Turkey to the south, and Bulgaria and Romania to the west. The black sea is connected to the small sea of Marmara (via the Bosporus strait) which is connected to Aegean sea via the strait of Dardanelles Well, this is something about the geography of the black sea. Now, to why it is known as the black sea. In earlier times, sailors and pirates saw the sea’s blue-green water appear all dark and black, especially during severe storms. Black sea has high concentration of hydrogen sulfide. When metal objects, dead plants and animal matter sunk deeper into the sea, they get covered with black sludge due to the hydrogen sulfide.

The next is Yellow sea. A marginal sea(sea bordering continents, separated from open ocean by island arcs and land ridges) of Pacific ocean, located between mainland China and Korean peninsula, the northwest part of East China sea. The sea becomes golden-yellow due to the yellow colored sand particles that flow in from the Gobi desert (located in Northern China and southern Mongolia).

The third is the red sea. It is located between the Arabian peninsula and the African peninsula. To the south lies the gulf of Aden and to the north lies the Sinai peninsula, the gulf of Suez and the gulf of Aqaba. Its name is a direct translation of its ancient Greek name, Erythra Thalassa, and many people believe that it derives its name because its normally blue-green water occasionally turns reddish-brown in the presence of a cyanobacteria called Trichodesmium erythraeum.

The last is the white sea. It is located in the North-west coast of Russia(in Europe) and is the southern inlet of Barents sea . It is covered with ice for 6-7 months every year. The covering of ice gives it a white color and hence the name.

This is all for the day. See you tomorrow with some more interesting phenomenon happening all around us.

OLYMPICS

An ancient Panhellenic festival held every fourth year and made up of contests of sports, music, and literature with the victor’s prize a crown of wild olive.

The modern Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world’s foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.[3] The Olympic Games are normally held every four years, alternating between the Summer and Winter Olympics every two years in the four-year period.

Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games , held in Olympia, Greece from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, leading to the first modern Games in Athens in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement , with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority.

The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Winter Olympic Games for snow and ice sports, the Paralympic Games for athletes with disabilities, the Youth Olympic Games for athletes aged 14 to 18, the five Continental games (Pan American, African, Asian, European, and Pacific), and the World Games for sports that are not contested in the Olympic Games. The IOC also endorses the Deaflympics and the Special Olympics. The IOC has needed to adapt to a variety of economic, political, and technological advancements. The abuse of amateur rules by the Eastern Bloc nations prompted the IOC to shift away from pure amateurism, as envisioned by Coubertin, to the acceptance of professional athletes participating at the Games.

International Olympic Committee
The Olympic Movement encompasses a large number of national and international sporting organisations and federations, recognised media partners, as well as athletes, officials, judges, and every other person and institution that agrees to abide by the rules of the Olympic Charter.[86] As the umbrella organisation of the Olympic Movement, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is responsible for selecting the host city, overseeing the planning of the Olympic Games, updating and approving the Olympic sports programme, and negotiating sponsorship and broadcasting rights.[


“The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part, just as the most important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle. The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well.”

What Is Fast Fashion?

Clothes shopping used to be an occasional event—something that happened a few times a year when the seasons changed or when we outgrew what we had. But about 20 years ago, something changed. Clothes became cheaper, trend cycles sped up, and shopping became a hobby. Enter fast fashion and the global chains that now dominate our high streets and online shopping. But what is fast fashion? And how does it impact people, the planet, and animals?

It was all too good to be true. All these stores selling cool, trendy clothing you could buy with your loose change, wear a handful of times, and then throw away. Suddenly everyone could afford to dress like their favourite celebrity or wear the latest trends fresh from the catwalk.

Then in 2013, the world had a reality check when the Rana Plaza clothing manufacturing complex in Bangladesh collapsed, killing over 1,000 workers. That’s when consumers really started questioning fast fashion and wondering at the true cost of those affordable t-shirts. If you’re reading this article, you might already be aware of fast fashion’s dark side, but it’s worth exploring how the industry got to this point—and how we can help to change it.

What is fast fashion?

Fast fashion can be defined as cheap, trendy clothing that samples ideas from the catwalk or celebrity culture and turns them into garments in high street stores at breakneck speed to meet consumer demand. The idea is to get the newest styles on the market as fast as possible, so shoppers can snap them up while they are still at the height of their popularity and then, sadly, discard them after a few wears. It plays into the idea that outfit repeating is a fashion faux pas and that if you want to stay relevant, you have to sport the latest looks as they happen. It forms a key part of the toxic system of overproduction and consumption that has made fashion one of the world’s largest polluters. Before we can go about changing it, let’s take a look at the history.

How did fast fashion happen?

To understand how fast fashion came to be, we need to rewind a bit. Before the 1800s, fashion was slow. You had to source your own materials like wool or leather, prepare them, weave them, and then make the clothes.The Industrial Revolution introduced new technology—like the sewing machine. Clothes became easier, quicker, and cheaper to make. Dressmaking shops emerged to cater to the middle classes.

Many of these dressmaking shops used teams of garment workers or home workers. Around this time, sweatshops emerged, along with some familiar safety issues. The first significant garment factory disaster was when a fire broke out in New York’s Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in 1911. It claimed the lives of 146 garment workers, many of whom were young female immigrants. By the 1960s and 70s, young people were creating new trends, and clothing became a form of personal expression, but there was still a distinction between high fashion and high street.

In the late 1990s and 2000s, low-cost fashion reached its zenith. Online shopping took off, and fast-fashion retailers like H&M, Zara, and Topshop took over the high street. These brands took the looks and design elements from the top fashion houses and reproduced them quickly and cheaply. With everyone now able to shop for on-trend clothes whenever they wanted, it’s easy to understand how the phenomenon caught on.

How to spot a fast fashion brand

Some key factors are common to fast fashion brands:

  • Thousands of styles, which touch on all the latest trends.
  • Extremely short turnaround time between when a trend or garment is seen on the catwalk or in celebrity media and when it hits the shelves.
  • Offshore manufacturing where labour is the cheapest, with the use of workers on low wages without adequate rights or safety and complex supply chains with poor visibility beyond the first tier.
  • A limited quantity of a particular garment—this is an idea pioneered by Zara. With new stock arriving in store every few days, shoppers know if they don’t buy something they like, they’ll probably miss their chance.
  • Cheap, low quality materials like polyester, causing clothes to degrade after just a few wears and get thrown away.

What’s the impact of fast fashion?

On the planet: Fast fashion’s impact on the planet is immense. The pressure to reduce costs and speed up production time means that environmental corners are more likely to be cut. Fast fashion’s negative impact includes its use of cheap, toxic textile dyes—making the fashion industry the second largest polluter of clean water globally after agriculture. That’s why Greenpeace has been pressuring brands to remove dangerous chemicals from their supply chains through its detoxing fashion campaigns through the years.

Cheap textiles also increase fast fashion’s impact. Polyester is one of the most popular fabrics. It is derived from fossil fuels, contributes to global warming, and can shed microfibers that add to the increasing levels of plastic in our oceans when washed. But even ‘natural fabrics’ can be a problem at the scale fast fashion demands. Conventional cotton requires enormous quantities of water and pesticides in developing countries. This results in drought risks and creates extreme stress on water basins and competition for resources between companies and local communities.

The constant speed and demand mean increased stress on other environmental areas such as land clearing, biodiversity, and soil quality. The processing of leather also impacts the environment, with 300kg of cehmicals added to every 900kg of animal hides tanned. The speed at which garments are produced also means that more and more clothes are disposed of by consumers, creating massive textile waste. In Australia alone, more than 500 million kilos of unwanted clothing ends up in landfill every year.

On workers: As well as the environmental cost of fast fashion, there’s a human cost. Fast fashion impacts garments workers who work in dangerous environments, for low wages, and without fundamental human rights. Further down the supply chain, the farmers may work with toxic chemicals and brutal practices that can have devastating impacts on their physical and mental health, a plight highlighted by the documentary The True Cost.

On animals: Animals are also impacted by fast fashion. In the wild, the toxic dyes and microfibres released in waterways are ingested by land and marine life alike through the food chain to devastating effect. And when animal products such as leather, fur, and even wool are used in fashion directly, animal welfare is put at risk. As an example, numerous scandals reveal that real fur, including cat and dog fur, is often being passed off as a faux fur to unknowing shoppers. The truth is that there is so much real fur being produced under terrible conditions in fur farms that it’s become cheaper to produce and buy than faux fur!

On consumers: Finally, fast fashion can impact consumers themselves, encouraging a ‘throw-away’ culture because of both the built-in obsolescence of the products and the speed at which trends emerge. Fast fashion makes us believe we need to shop more and more to stay on top of trends, creating a constant sense of need and ultimate dissatisfaction. The trend has also been criticized on intellectual property grounds, with some designers alleging that retailers have illegally mass-produced their designs.