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INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE FARMING PRACTICES AND RESILIENCE AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE

The Government through ICAR flagship network project ‘National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) develop and promotes climate resilient agricultural technologies in 151 climatically vulnerable districts spread across the country, which are prone to extreme weather conditions like droughts, floods, frost, heatwaves, etc in light of the challenges posed by climate change. Climate resilient technologies viz., climate resilient varieties, intercropping systems, conservation agriculture, crop diversification, agroforestry systems, zero-till sowing, green manuring, integrated farming systems, integrated nutrient and pest management, organic farming, site specific nutrient management, in-situ moisture conservation, protective irrigation, micro irrigation methods etc. have been developed and demonstrated to large number of farmers through farmers’ participatory approach. Further, these technologies have been documented for 23 States and 3 Union Territories and shared with the State departments for further upscaling and convergence with on-going schemes in the States.

To promote Precision Agriculture, ICAR has a Network Program on Precision Agriculture (ICAR-NePPA) working at 16 locations to develop ICT based technologies for accelerated profitable and sustainable system through precise use of inputs. Some of the outcomes of the project related to adopting to climate change/ weather aberrations are as, sensor-based soil and crop health monitoring and precision management of inputs (water and fertilizer) using robotics, IoTs and Data analytics; developed technologies for pest and disease monitoring particularly for rice and cotton crops for value added advisories for real time management.

ICAR operates All India Coordinated Research Programme on Integrated Farming Systems (AICRP-IFS) in 25 States/UTs and All India Network Programme on Organic Farming (AINP-OF) in 16 States to develop sustainable farming practices such as alternate efficient cropping systems, integrated farming systems, organic farming and natural farming to address the challenges posed by climate change. A total of 76 models of integrated farming system (IFS) including 8 integrated organic farming system models for 26 States/UTs and organic farming packages for 80 cropping systems suitable to 16 States have been developed so far.          

(c):    To help farmers in building resilience against extreme weather events and ensure long-term agricultural sustainability in the country, the Government of India implements National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), which is one of the Missions within the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). NMSA has three major components i.e. Rainfed Area Development (RAD); On Farm Water Management (OFWM); and Soil Health Management (SHM). The Government of India provides financial assistance to the states through the NMSA to cope with the adverse impacts of climate change.

Further, Government has introduced flagship yield based Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) along with Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS) from Kharif 2016 to help farmers build resilience against extreme weather events.

Through Technology Demonstration component of NICRA, 6,93,629 farmers were benefitted through technology demonstrations and 6,47,735 farmers were benefitted through 23,613 capacity building programs on climate resilient agriculture.

Use of AI in agriculture

The Government has employed Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to address various challenges in the agricultural sector to aid farmers. Some of the initiatives are given below:

  1. ‘Kisan e-Mitra’, an AI-powered chatbot, has been developed to assist farmers with responses to the queries about the PM Kisan Samman Nidhi scheme. This solution supports multiple languages and is evolving to assist with other government programs.
  2. National Pest Surveillance System, for tackling the loss of produce due to climate change, utilizes AI and Machine Learning to detect pest infestation in crop issues, enabling timely intervention for healthier crops.
  3. AI based analytics using field photographs for crop health assessment and crop health monitoring using Satellite, weather & soil moisture datasets for rice and wheat crop.

PROMOTION OF ORGANIC FARMING

Government is promoting organic farming through the schemes of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) in all the States/UTs (except North Eastern States). For North Eastern States, the Government is implementing Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region (MOVCDNER) scheme. Both the schemes stress on end-to-end support to farmers engaged in organic farming i.e. from production to processing, certification & marketing and post-harvest management training and capacity building. Under PKVY, assistance of Rs. 31,500 per ha for a period of 3 years is provided for promotion of organic farming. Out of this, assistance of Rs. 15,000 per ha for a period of 3 years is provided to farmers adopting organic farming through Direct Benefit Transfer for on- farm /off –farm organic inputs. Under MOVCDNER, assistance of Rs. 46,500/ha for 3 years is provided for creation of Farmers Producer Organization, support to farmers for organic inputs etc. Out of this, assistance @ Rs. 32500/ ha for 3 years is provided to farmers for off -farm /on –farm organic inputs under the scheme including Rs. 15,000 as Direct Benefit Transfer to the farmers.

Two types of organic certifications systems have been developed to ensure quality control of organic produce as given below:

  • Third Party Certification by Accredited Certification Agency under National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) scheme under Ministry of Commerce and Industry for development of export market. Under NPOP certification scheme the production and handling of activities at all stages such as production, processing, trading and export requirements for organic products is covered.
  • Participatory Guarantee System (PGS-India) under Ministry of Agriculture and farmers Welfare in which stakeholders (including farmers/ producers) are involved in decision making about the operation of the PGS-India certification itself by assessing, inspecting and verifying the production practices of each other and collectively declaring produce as organic. PGS- India certification is to meet the demand of domestic market.

The total cumulative state wise organic area covered under NPOP certification & PGS-India certification under PKVY is 59.74 lakh ha is given at Annexure-I.

Under PKVY assistance @ Rs 4,500/ha is provided for 3 years to facilitate value addition, marketing and publicity. Assistance is provided for certification & training and handholding & capacity building @ Rs 3.000/-ha for 3 years and Rs 7,500/- ha respectively for 3 years under PKVY for farmers. Whereas under MOVCDNER scheme assistance is provided @ Rs10,000/ -ha for 3 years for training, capacity building & certification.

To ensure market availability States organize seminars, conferences, workshops, buyer-seller meetings, exhibitions, trade fairs, and organic festivals either within their own region or in key markets of other states. Government has developed web portal- www.Jaivikkheti.in/ as an online marketing platform for direct sale of organic produce by farmers to the consumers to help them for better price realization. A total of 6.22 lakh farmers have been registered under Jaivik kheti portal.

Annexure-I

State wise details of total cumulative area covered under organic farming NPOP (including MOVCDNER) + PGS under PKVY till 2023-2024

Area in ha

S. NO.State NameNPOPPGS under PKVY
1Andhra Pradesh63,678.693,60,805
2Bihar29,062.1331,561
3Chhattisgarh15,144.131,01,279
4Goa12,287.4015334
5Gujarat6,80,819.9910000
6Haryana2,925.33–
7Himachal Pradesh9,334.2818748
8Jharkhand54,408.2025300
9Kerala44,263.9194480
10Karnataka71,085.9920900
11Madhya Pradesh11,48,236.0774960
12Maharashtra10,01,080.3266756
13Odisha1,81,022.2845800
14Punjab11,089.416981
15Tamil Nadu42,758.2732940
16Telangana84,865.168100
17Rajasthan5,80,092.22148500
18Uttar Pradesh66,391.34171185
19Uttarakhand1,01,820.39140740
20West Bengal8,117.8021400
21Assam27,079.404400
22Arunachal Pradesh16,537.53380
23Meghalaya29,703.30900
24Manipur32,584.50600
25Mizoram14,238.30780
26Nagaland16,221.56480
27Sikkim75,729.7863000
28Tripura20,481.361000
29Jammu & Kashmir34,746.755160
30Pondicherry21.51–
31Delhi9.60–
32Ladakh–10480
33Daman & Diew–642
34Dadar & Nagar–500
Total44,75,836.901498583
Grand Total (NPOP + PGS)5974419.90

Source: APEDA + PGS

Farmers’ Welfare Measures

Agriculture is a State subject and Government of India supports the efforts of States through appropriate policy measures, budgetary allocation and various schemes/ programmes. The various schemes/ programmes of the Government of India are meant for the welfare of farmers by increasing production, remunerative returns and income support to farmers. The Government has substantially enhanced the budget allocation of Department of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare (DA&FW) from Rs. 21933.50 crore BE during 2013-14 to Rs. 1,22,528.77 crore BE during 2024-25. Schemes/programmes initiated by DA&FW are conceptualised and implemented taken in consideration of improving the economic condition of farmers owning small handholdings, access to credit and to enhance overall income of farmers and remunerative returns in the agriculture sector.

PM KISAN Samman Nidhi Scheme has been launched in 2019 with the sole objective to enhance the income of farmers owning small landholdings. This scheme provides Rs. 6000 per year in 3 equal instalments. So far, more than Rs.3.46 lakh Cr. has been disbursed to eligible farmers through 18 instalments.

The other major schemes run by Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare for enhance of overall income of farmers are as under:

  1. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY)
  2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)/ Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS)
  3. Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS)
  4. Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF)
  5. Formation and Promotion of 10,000 new Farmer Producers Organizations (FPOs)
  6. National Bee Keeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)
  7. Namo Drone Didi
  8. National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF)
  9. Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)
  10. Agri Fund for Start-Ups & Rural Enterprises’ (AgriSURE)
  11. Per Drop More Crop (PDMC)
  12. Sub-Mission on Agriculture Mechanization (SMAM)
  13. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
  14. Soil Health & Fertility (SH&F)
  15. Rainfed Area Development (RAD)
  16. Agroforestry
  17. Crop Diversification Programme (CDP)
  18. Sub-Mission on Agriculture Extension (SMAE)
  19. Sub-Mission on Seed and Planting Material (SMSP)
  20. National Food Security and Nutrition Mission (NFSNM)
  21. Integrated Scheme for Agriculture Marketing (ISAM)
  22. Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
  23. National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)-Oil Palm
  24. National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)-Oilseeds
  25. Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region
  26. Digital Agriculture Mission
  27. National Bamboo Mission

PM-AASHA (Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan) scheme ensures remunerative prices for farmers’ produce and prevent distress sales. It aims to strengthen the Minimum Support Price (MSP) mechanism and provide better price support for farmers.

“Formation & Promotion of new 10,000 FPOs with budget outlay of Rs 6,865 Crore. Farmers Producer Organization (FPOs) are being set up to give farmers collective bargaining power in markets as well as enabling small farmers to pool resources, access technology, and get better prices for their crops.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) with financial provision of one Lakh Crore scheme has been launched with an objective to mobilize a medium – long term debt financing facility for investment in viable projects for post-harvest management Infrastructure and community farming assets through incentives and financial support in order to improve agriculture infrastructure in the country. Following supports are being provided under Agri Infra Fund. 

Interest Subvention: All loans under this financing facility have interest subvention of 3% per annum up to a limit of ₹ 2 crore. This subvention is available for a maximum period of 7 years. In case of loans beyond ₹ 2 crore, interest subvention is limited up to ₹ 2 crore.

Credit Guarantee: Credit guarantee coverage is available for eligible borrowers from this financing facility under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme for a loan up to ₹ 2 crore. The fee for this coverage will be paid by the Government. In case of FPOs the credit guarantee may be availed from the facility created under FPO promotion scheme of DA&FW.

Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS) provides Interest Subvention (IS) of 1.5% to various Financial Institutions (Banks, RRBs, PACS, etc.) for delivering Short-Term Agriculture Operation (STAO) loans at a fixed rate of 7% to farmers through KCC. If the farmer repays the loan within time, he gets a Prompt Repayment Incentive (PRI) of 3%, bringing his loan liability to 4% overall (7% minus 3%). It is exclusively operated through Kisan Credit Card (KCC).

National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-Oilseeds) has been launched on 3rd Oct, 2024 for enhancing the production of key primary oilseed crops such as Rapeseed-Mustard, Groundnut, Soybean, Sunflower, and Sesamum, as well as increasing collection and extraction efficiency from secondary sources like Cottonseed, Rice Bran, and Tree Borne Oils. The mission aims to increase primary oilseed production from 39 million tonnes (2022-23) to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31. Together with NMEO-OP (Oil Palm), the Mission targets to increase domestic edible oil production to 25.45 million tonnes by 2030-31 meeting around 72% of our projected domestic requirement. To ensure the timely availability of quality seeds, the Mission will introduce an online 5-year rolling seed plan through the ‘Seed Authentication, Traceability & Holistic Inventory (SATHI)’ Portal, enabling states to establish advance tie-ups with seed-producing agencies, including cooperatives, Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), and government or private seed corporations. 65 new seed hubs and 50 seed storage units will be set up in public sector to improve the seed production infrastructure.

The following have been proposed in the upcoming budget for income support, improve access to credit and overall growth of agriculture sector:

Enhanced Credit through KCC: – Loan increased from 3 lakh to ₹5 lakh to facilitate short term loans for 7.7 crore farmers, fishermen, and dairy farmers.

Aatmanirbharta in Pulses: – To launch a 6-year Mission with special focus on Tur, Urad and Masoor, emphasizing development and commercial availability of climate resilient seeds, enhancing protein content, increasing productivity and improving post-harvest storage and management, assuring remunerative prices to the farmers.

National Mission on High Yielding Seeds: – Targeted development and propagation of seeds with high yield, pest resistance and climate resilience.

Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana – It has been proposed Agri Districts Programme to cover 100 districts which is likely to help 1.7 crore farmers.

Mission for Cotton Productivity: – To be launched a 5-year mission to facilitate improvements in productivity and sustainability of cotton farming.

Makhana Board in Bihar: – It is proposed to set up Makhana Board to Improve production, processing, value addition, and marketing and organisation of FPOs.

Structural Challenges in Indian Agriculture

Government of India is implementing various measures to improve the Indian Agriculture which encompasses multitude of developmental programmes, schemes, reforms and policies aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity, raising resource use efficiency, promoting sustainable agriculture and strengthening infrastructure, ensuring remunerative price to farmers, etc. These include:

      1. National Food Security and Nutrition Mission (NFSNM)
      2. National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)-Oil Palm
      3. National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)-Oilseeds
      4. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
      5. National Mission on Natural Faming (NMNF)
      6. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
      7. Soil Health & Fertility (SH&F)
      8. Rainfed Area Development (RAD)
      9. Agroforestry
      10. Crop Diversification Programme (CDP)
      11. Sub-Mission on Agriculture Extension (SMAE)
      12. Sub-Mission on Seed and Planting Material (SMSP)
      13. Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
      14. National Bamboo Mission
      15. National Bee Keeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)
      16. Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region
      17. Per Drop More crop (PDMC)
      18. Integrated Scheme for Agriculture Marketing (ISAM)
      19. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
      20. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY)
      21. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)/ Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS)
      22. Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA)
      23. Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS)
      24. Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF)
      25. Formation and Promotion of 10,000 new Farmer Producers Organizations (FPOs)
      26. Namo Drone Didi
      27. Agri Fund for Start-Ups & Rural Enterprises (AgriSURE)
      28. Sub-Mission on Agriculture Mechanization (SMAM)
      29. Digital Agriculture Mission

Agricultural Infrastructure Fund

In order to enhance the income of farmers, it is not only essential to enhance production and productivity of farm produce but also minimize the post-harvest losses and ensure better realization of prices for farmers through creation of modern post-harvest management infrastructure. With an objective to address the existing gaps in post-harvest management infrastructure in the country, the flagship scheme of Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) was launched in 2020-21 to strengthen the infrastructure in the country through creation of farm gate storage and logistics infrastructure to enable farmers to store and preserve their farm produce properly and sell them in the market at better price with reduced post-harvest losses and lesser number of intermediaries. Improved post-harvest management infrastructure like warehouses, Cold stores, sorting and grading units, ripening chambers etc will allow farmers to sell directly to a larger base of consumers and hence, increase value realization for the farmers. This will improve the overall income of farmers. Further, AIF scheme aims to benefit all stakeholders in the agricultural ecosystem by contributing in the holistic development of the agriculture sector. Under AIF, provision for Rs. 1 Lakh crore loan has been made through lending institutions with a interest rate cap of 9% on loans. The scheme is operational from 2020-21 to 2032-33.

All loans under this financing facility have interest subvention of 3% per annum up to a loan limit of ₹2 crores. This interest subvention is available for a maximum period of 7 years. In case of loans beyond ₹2 crores, interest subvention is limited up to ₹2 crores. Credit guarantee coverage is also available for eligible borrowers from this financing facility under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme for a loan up to ₹2 crores. The fee for this coverage is borne by the Government.

Budgetary support is being provided for interest subvention and credit guarantee fee as also administrative cost of PMU. This will be amount to Rs. 10,636 crores over a period of 10 years. The detailed break up is as below.

SL NO.Name of ComponentAllotted Fund Amount
1Interest Subvention CostRs. 7907Cr
2Credit Guarantee CostRs. 2629 Cr
3Administration Cost of PMURs. 100 Cr
TotalRs. 10636 Cr

 State/UT wise details of Projects approved under AIF scheme during the last three years is as below: –

  (Amount in Rs Crore)

Sl.State / UTSanctioned NoSanctioned Amount
1Madhya Pradesh7,7015,853
2Maharashtra6,8604,151
3Rajasthan1,8022,310
4Gujarat2,0722,215
5Uttar Pradesh3,8543,636
6Haryana2,7042,108
7Punjab12,0033,116
8Telangana1,6622,178
9Karnataka2,2082,148
10Andhra Pradesh6801,116
11West Bengal2,5371,441
12Tamil Nadu5,8891,189
13Chhattisgarh8141,008
14Odisha1,098810
15Assam409726
16Bihar848680
17Kerala1,600604
18Uttarakhand236315
19Jharkhand225255
20Himachal Pradesh347137
21Jammu And Kashmir88198
22Delhi710
23Goa1910
24Meghalaya28
25Chandigarh28
 26Arunachal Pradesh56
27Tripura510
28Nagaland00
29The Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu11
30Puducherry22
31Manipur31
32Mizoram00
33Sikkim00
34Ladakh00
35Lakshadweep00
36Andaman and Nicobar Islands00
 Total         55,683               36,250

An impact assessment study of AIF was conducted by Agro Economic Research Centre, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune in December 2023 to evaluate overall performance of the scheme, primarily based on feedback from beneficiaries as well as farmers in selected states.  The main findings of the study are as below. 

1.       Based on this study, till 26th January 2025, investment in the agri sector under AIF has generated more than 9 lakh employment opportunities. Out of the sanctioned projects, nearly 97% of the projects created are in rural areas promoting investment and employment opportunities in rural areas. 

2.       The average number of persons employed per unit in the peak season was found to be 11. The average was highest i.e. 27 in Rajasthan and lowest i.e. 5 in the state of Maharashtra.

3.       Further, the storage infrastructure created under AIF has added nearly 550 LMT of storage capacity which includes approx. 510.6 LMT of dry storage and nearly 39.4 LMT of Cold storage capacities (as on 26.01.2025). This additional storage capacity can save up to 20.4 LMT of food grains and 3.9 LMT of horticulture produce annually. 

4.       The Agro processing centres created under the scheme is promoting timely value-addition of farmer’s produce resulting in increase in farmer’s income up to 20% and reduction of post-harvest losses. Custom hiring centres set up under the scheme is boosting farm mechanization and adoption of better crop residue management practices.

5.       31 percent of the AIF units have availed of government subsidies also. Thus, they have been benefitted due to Convergence under AIF. 

6.       For around 85 percent of the total units, availability of AIF loan was the main reason for starting the unit.

Benefits of Organic Farming

It is agreed to the view that biological substitutes for chemical fertilizers and pesticides can improve health of soil, human and planet, besides benefiting farmers.

In order to promote use of bio-fertilizers, the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) has developed improved and efficient strains of bio-fertilizers specific to different crops and soil types under the Network project on ‘Soil Biodiversity-Bio-fertilizers’. Under this project ICAR has developed improved and efficient strains of bio-fertilizer specific to different crops and soil types, Liquid Bio-fertilizer technology with higher shelf life, bio-fertilizer consortia formulation with two or more bio-fertilizer strains, microbial enriched bio-compost and Zinc & Potassium Solubilizing Bio-fertilizers. The ICAR also imparts training to educate farmers on use of bio-fertilizers.

To promote use of organic fertilizers in the country, Government is promoting organic farming through the schemes of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) in all the States/UTs (except North Eastern States). For North Eastern States, Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region (MOVCDNER) scheme is being implemented. Both the schemes stress on end-to-end support to farmers engaged in organic farming i.e. from production to processing, certification & marketing and post-harvest management training and capacity building. Under PKVY, assistance of Rs. 31,500 per ha for a period of three years is provided for promotion of organic farming. Out of this, assistance of Rs. 15,000 per ha for a period of three years is provided to farmers through Direct Benefit Transfer for on- farm /off –farm organic inputs. Under MOVCDNER, assistance of Rs. 46,500/ha for 3 years is provided for creation of Farmers Producer Organization, support to farmers for organic inputs etc. Out of this, assistance @ Rs. 32500/ ha for 3 years is provided to farmers for off -farm /on –farm organic inputs under the scheme including Rs. 15,000 as Direct Benefit Transfer to the farmers. The year-wise fund released including assistance for procurement of off-farm and on-farm organic inputs during the period of last three years is as under:

Rs. in Crore.

YearPKVYMOVCDNER
2021-2288.58133.29
2022-23188.78144.42
2023-24206.39230.67

In order to ensure the avaibility of good quality of bio-fertilizers, organic fertilizers and Bio- stimulants, the Government of India regulates its quality under the Fertilizer Control Order (1985).

Government is implementing Market Development Assistance (MDA) @ Rs. 1500/Metric Tonne to promote organic fertilizers, viz., Fermented Organic Manure/ Liquid Fermented Organic Manure/Phosphate Rich Organic Manure produced at plants under Galvanizing Organic Bio Agro Resources Dhan (GOBARdhan) scheme of Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation.

To incentivize the farmers to reduce the overall consumption of fertilizers for improving soil health and fertility and sustainable productivity, “PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth (PM-PRANAM)” incentivizes States and Union Territories to promote alternative fertilizers and balanced use of chemical fertilizers. Under this programme, 50% of subsidy savings will be passed on as a grant to the state that reduces chemical fertilizers.

National Center of Organic and Natural Farming (NCONF) and its Regional Center of Organic and Natural Farming (RCONF) located at Ghaziabad, Nagpur, Bangalore, Imphal and Bhubaneswar organise various trainings and online awareness campaign on organic and natural farming. ICAR also imparts trainings, front-line demonstrations, awareness programs etc. to educate farmers on organic farming, through network of Krishi Vigyan Kendras.

This information was given by the Minister of State for Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare Shri Ramnath Thakur in a written reply in Lok Sabha today.

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Celebrating a Decade of Soil Health Cards

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Describe a phase in life that was difficult to say goodbye to.
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The Soil Health Card Scheme was introduced by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 19th February, 2015 at Suratgarh, Rajasthan. The scheme was launched to assist State Governments to issue soil health cards to all farmers in the country. Soil health card provides information to farmers on nutrient status of their soil along with recommendation on appropriate dosage of nutrients to be applied for improving soil health and its fertility.

The Soil Health Card Portal (www.soilhealth.dac.gov.in) facilitates generation of Soil Health Cards for the benefit of farmers in uniform and standardized format across country in all major languages and 5 dialects.

The Soil Health Card contains status of the soil with respect to 12 parameters, namely N,P,K, S (Macro-nutrients); Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Bo (Micro – nutrients) ; and pH (Acidity or Basicity), EC (Electrical Conductivity) and OC (Organic Carbon).

Based on this, the card will also indicate fertilizer recommendations and soil amendment required for the farm. Soil Samples are taken generally two times in a year, after harvesting of Rabi and Kharif Crop respectively or when there is no standing crop in the field.

The Guideline of Village Level Soil Testing Labs (VLSTLs) was issued in June 2023. VLSTLs can be set up by individual entrepreneurs i.e. rural youth and community based entrepreneurs, including Self Help Groups (SHGs), Schools, Agriculture Universities etc. The beneficiary/village level entrepreneur should be a youth whose age should not be below 18 years and should not be more than 27 years. Self Help Groups, Farmers Producers Organisation (FPO) can also be enrolled as VLSTL.

As of February 2025, 665 Village-level Soil Testing Labs have been established in 17 States.

School Soil Health Programme

A pilot project on School Soil Health Programme has been undertaken by Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare in (DA&FW) collaboration with Department of School Education & Literacy (DSE&L), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and State Governments in 20 schools (10 Kendriya Vidyalaya & 10 Navodaya Vidyalaya) in rural areas. The aim is to make students aware about soil health for sustainable agriculture practices. 20 soil health labs were set up in these schools. Modules for students from class VI to XII and teachers were developed and disseminated. Under the programme, soil samples were collected by School Students and soil testing were also done by students and SHCs were generated Students also educated farmers about the recommendation of Soil health card for judicious use of fertilizer and crop recommendation.

As of 2024, 1020 schools are implementing the School Soil Health Programme, with 1000 soil testing labs set up and 125,972 students enrolled.

Soil Health Card scheme has been merged in Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) scheme as one of its components under the name ‘Soil Health & Fertility’ from the year 2022-23.

Technological Advancements

SHC Mobile App–

To further ease the process of obtaining easy access to the Soil Health Card, the Government of India in 2023 made technological interventions in the New Soil Health Card Scheme. The Soil Health Card portal was revamped and integrated with a Geographic Information System (GIS) system so that all the test results are captured and seen on a map. To make the implementation/monitoring of the scheme smooth and to facilitate farmers an easy access to his soil health card, the mobile application has been made robust with the additional features such as:

  • Restrict the sample collection region for the Village Level Entrepreneur/Operator collecting the soil samples
  • Auto selection of the latitude and longitude of the location
  • Generation of a QR code to link with the sample and test results of all samples directly on the portal from the geo-mapped labs, without any manual intervention.

This application provides the graphical information of all over the India and also shows multiple layers State Boundary, District Boundary, Taluka Boundary, Panchayat Boundary and Cadastral Boundary.

The new system was rolled out in April 2023 and samples are now being collected through the mobile application. Soil Health Cards are now generated on this revamped portal.

For digitizing the Soil Health Cards, Web based work flow application Soil Health Card portal has been designed and developed by National Informatics Centre (NIC).

Conclusion

The Soil Health Card Scheme has transformed agricultural practices in India over the past decade. Since 2015, it has empowered farmers with crucial information on soil nutrient status and optimal fertilizer use, promoting sustainable farming and improved crop productivity. Initiatives like the School Soil Health Programme have expanded soil health awareness among students and local communities. With a robust mobile app, the process of obtaining a Soil Health Card has enhanced accessibility, efficiency, and transparency. As the scheme evolves, it continues to play a vital role in fostering sustainable agricultural development and safeguarding India’s soil health for future generations.

References:

Kindlty find the pdf file 

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Importance of High Impact Research Publications and How to Search Papers

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Describe a phase in life that was difficult to say goodbye to.
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High impact research publications are pivotal in advancing knowledge and shaping academic and industry landscapes. They serve as the cornerstone for disseminating breakthroughs, influencing policy decisions, and fostering collaborations across disciplines. Here’s a deeper look into their importance and a guide on how to effectively use the research search tool available on Track2Training:

Importance of High Impact Research Publications

  • Dissemination of Innovative Ideas:
    High impact publications are essential for sharing new methodologies, theories, and experimental results. They reach a broad audience, ensuring that innovative ideas are disseminated throughout the scientific community and beyond.
  • Academic and Professional Recognition:
    Publishing in high impact journals not only adds credibility to a researcher’s work but also enhances their academic reputation. It often plays a crucial role in securing funding, tenure, and professional opportunities.
  • Influence on Policy and Practice:
    Research that garners high impact tends to influence policy-making, industry practices, and future research directions. Its findings are frequently cited, guiding further studies and real-world applications.
  • Global Collaboration and Networking:
    High impact research often acts as a bridge for international collaboration. Researchers from various parts of the world can build on each other’s work, leading to collaborative projects that push the boundaries of knowledge.
  • Quality and Rigor:
    The rigorous peer-review process associated with high impact publications ensures that the research meets high standards of quality, reliability, and relevance. This process helps to validate findings and enhances the overall integrity of the research field.

How to Search Using the Track2Training Research Page

The Track2Training research page is a specialized tool designed to help users locate high-quality research publications efficiently. Here’s how to make the most out of it:

  1. Accessing the Search Interface:
    When you visit the research page, you’ll find a clean and intuitive interface. Typically, there is a prominent search bar that serves as the starting point for your inquiry.
  2. Keyword Search:
    • Input Specific Keywords:
      Begin by entering relevant keywords related to your research topic. Whether you’re interested in “machine learning,” “renewable energy,” or “clinical trials,” the search bar allows you to narrow down the vast repository of research papers.
    • Use Boolean Operators:
      For more precise results, you might combine keywords using Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT). This helps in filtering out unrelated results and focusing on the core aspects of your research interest.
  3. Advanced Search Filters:
    • Publication Date:
      Narrow your search by specifying a range of publication years to access the most current research or historical perspectives.
    • Journal or Conference Name:
      If you are looking for publications from a particular journal or conference, use the filter options provided.
    • Research Area or Discipline:
      Many research search tools, including this one, allow filtering by specific research domains, which can help in locating niche or interdisciplinary studies.
  4. Reviewing Search Results:
    • Title and Abstract Review:
      Once the search results are displayed, scan through the titles and abstracts. This quick review can help you determine the relevance of each paper before diving into the full text.
    • Citation Information:
      High impact research is often indicated by a high number of citations. Look for citation counts or related metrics if available, as they can provide insights into the influence of the research.
  5. Accessing Full-Text and Additional Resources:
    • Link to Full Papers:
      Many search tools provide direct links to the full-text versions of the papers or to their respective publisher pages.
    • Reference Management:
      Some platforms also offer options to download citations in various formats (like BibTeX or EndNote), which can be very helpful when managing references for your own research.
  6. Staying Updated:
    Regularly revisiting the research page or setting up alerts (if the functionality is available) ensures that you remain updated on the latest high impact research publications in your field.

Final Thoughts

High impact research publications not only validate the credibility and relevance of academic work but also drive progress across multiple sectors. By leveraging specialized search tools like the one offered by Track2Training, researchers can efficiently navigate through vast databases, pinpoint the most influential studies, and build upon existing knowledge to foster further innovation.

This approach not only streamlines the research process but also ensures that the most pertinent and high-quality information is at your fingertips.

Discipline in the Indian Education System

By Shashikant N Sharma

In education, discipline refers to the rules and practices that help students learn and grow in a safe environment. It helps students stay organized and focused, and can help them develop good study habits. 

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Discipline is a crucial component of the Indian education system, shaping the moral, ethical, and academic foundation of students. It is not just about maintaining order but also about instilling values such as responsibility, respect, and self-regulation. The Indian education system, rooted in ancient traditions and evolving through modern reforms, has always emphasized discipline in various forms.

1. Historical Perspective on Discipline in Indian Education

a. Ancient Gurukul System

  • The Gurukul system was the earliest form of education in India, where students (shishyas) lived with their teachers (gurus) in an ashram.
  • Discipline was strictly maintained through rules that emphasized obedience, humility, and rigorous academic and physical training.
  • Punishments were minimal as self-discipline was encouraged through spiritual learning and practical wisdom.

b. Colonial Influence on Discipline

  • The British education system introduced structured discipline in schools through strict rules, uniforms, and punishments.
  • Corporal punishment was common, and the system focused more on rote learning and obedience rather than creativity and critical thinking.

c. Post-Independence Reforms

  • After independence, India adopted a more balanced approach, incorporating discipline with democratic values.
  • Policies promoted student-friendly environments while maintaining classroom order and respect for authority.

2. Forms of Discipline in Indian Schools and Colleges

a. Self-Discipline

  • Encouraged from an early age, students are taught to take responsibility for their actions.
  • Morning assemblies, yoga, meditation, and moral education help in self-discipline.

b. Institutional Discipline

  • Schools and colleges follow strict codes of conduct regarding attendance, uniforms, behavior, and academic performance.
  • Rules are set to ensure order, such as punctuality, respect for teachers, and adherence to dress codes.

c. Teacher-Imposed Discipline

  • Teachers play a major role in enforcing discipline through classroom management and behavioral guidance.
  • Positive reinforcement, mentorship, and counseling are increasingly replacing traditional punitive methods.

d. Parental and Societal Influence

  • Indian parents place significant emphasis on discipline, ensuring that children follow rules at school and home.
  • Society also plays a role in shaping student behavior through cultural expectations and moral upbringing.

3. Role of Discipline in the Indian Education System

a. Academic Excellence

  • A disciplined environment ensures that students focus on studies, complete assignments on time, and respect deadlines.
  • Punctuality and time management are key aspects of academic discipline.

b. Character Development

  • Discipline instills values like honesty, responsibility, and perseverance.
  • It prepares students to face real-world challenges with resilience and determination.

c. Social Harmony

  • Schools promote discipline to foster mutual respect, teamwork, and cooperation among students from diverse backgrounds.
  • It helps in reducing conflicts and promoting a peaceful learning atmosphere.

d. Preparation for Professional Life

  • The disciplined environment of educational institutions prepares students for the workforce, where punctuality, work ethics, and responsibility are essential.

4. Challenges in Maintaining Discipline

a. Changing Societal Norms

  • The influence of social media and digital platforms has impacted traditional discipline methods.
  • Students are more independent but also more prone to distractions and indiscipline.

b. Issues of Corporal Punishment

  • Though banned, corporal punishment still exists in some schools, leading to psychological stress among students.
  • The focus is now shifting toward counseling and positive discipline strategies.

c. Parental Overindulgence

  • Some parents are overprotective, interfering in school disciplinary actions and making it difficult for institutions to enforce rules.

d. Teacher Shortages and Workload

  • Overburdened teachers struggle to maintain discipline effectively while handling large class sizes.

5. Modern Approaches to Discipline in Education

a. Positive Discipline Strategies

  • Encouraging students through rewards and appreciation rather than punishments.
  • Engaging students in decision-making to develop accountability.

b. Digital Monitoring and AI-Based Discipline

  • Schools use digital attendance, CCTV cameras, and AI-driven behavior monitoring to track and enforce discipline.

c. Student Counseling and Emotional Support

  • Schools and colleges now focus on mental health and counseling to address behavioral issues rather than harsh disciplinary measures.

d. Legal Framework for Student Discipline

  • The Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009, and guidelines from CBSE, ICSE, and UGC ensure that discipline policies align with child rights and ethical standards.

6. Conclusion

Discipline in the Indian education system has evolved from rigid control to a more balanced, student-friendly approach. While maintaining order and respect remains essential, modern education policies emphasize holistic development, self-regulation, and psychological well-being. Moving forward, India must continue to balance traditional discipline with progressive, positive reinforcement strategies to create responsible, well-rounded individuals.

References

Amare, G. (1967). Aims and Purposes of Church Educaiton in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Journal of Education, 1(1), 1-11.

Adaobi, E. M., & Abigail, O. M. (2021). Effect of problem-based learning on achievement of secondary school computer studies sudents in nnewi educaiton zone. International Journal of Innovative Research and Advanced Studies (IJIRAS), 8(6), 93-97.

Harman, G. (2000). Institutional Mergers in Australian Higher education since 1960. Higher Education Quarterly, 54(4), 343-366.

Cavanagh, D. M. (1985). Teacher Curriculum: A Failed Paradigm of Practise and Proceedure. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 10(2), 5.

Ping, H., & Liu, Y. (2010, March). Notice of Retraction: Demonstrative Analysis of Undergraduate Hospitality Management Education in Research-oriented Universities of China and of America. In 2010 Second International Workshop on Education Technology and Computer Science (Vol. 1, pp. 735-738). IEEE.

Yorke, M. (2000). Developing a Quality Culture in Higher Educaiton. Tertiary Education and Management, 6(1), 19-36.

Why You Should Visit Eduindex.org Daily for Educational News

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In today’s fast-paced digital world, staying updated with the latest educational trends, research developments, and academic opportunities is crucial for students, educators, and researchers. Eduindex.org is your one-stop destination for all things education, offering timely and relevant news across various domains. Here’s why you should make it a habit to visit Eduindex News daily and follow our WhatsApp channel for instant updates.

1. Comprehensive Coverage of Educational News

Eduindex News provides a wide range of educational updates, including:

  • Latest research findings and academic papers.
  • University admissions, scholarships, and funding opportunities.
  • Government policies related to education.
  • Online learning resources and technology trends in education.
  • Interviews with top educators and scholars.

2. Timely and Reliable Information

We ensure that the news published on Eduindex.org is well-researched and verified from credible sources. Whether you are looking for information on faculty development programs, peer-reviewed journals, or eBook publications, you can trust our platform to provide accurate and up-to-date information.

3. Opportunities for Researchers and Scholars

For academicians and researchers, Eduindex News offers exclusive insights into research publication opportunities, edited book proposals, and call for papers from reputed journals like the International Journal of Research (IJR). Our platform also highlights discounted publication offers for scholars from developing countries and NGOs.

4. Daily Updates via WhatsApp Channel

To ensure you never miss an important update, Eduindex News has launched an exclusive WhatsApp channel. By subscribing, you will:

  • Receive daily educational news directly on your phone.
  • Get notified about upcoming academic conferences and workshops.
  • Access publication discounts and research funding alerts.
  • Stay ahead with the latest trends in online education and eBook publishing.

5. User-Friendly and Ad-Free Experience

Unlike many news portals cluttered with ads, Eduindex.org ensures a clean and user-friendly reading experience. Our website is optimized for easy navigation, making it convenient for readers to access educational content anytime, anywhere.

How to Join Our WhatsApp Channel?

Following our WhatsApp channel is simple and free! Click the link below and subscribe to get educational news delivered instantly to your device.

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Final Thoughts

If you are passionate about education and want to stay informed about academic opportunities, Eduindex.org is the ultimate platform for you. Make it a habit to visit our website daily and subscribe to our WhatsApp channel to stay updated with the latest in the world of education.

🚀 Stay informed, stay ahead – with Eduindex News!

Eduindex News – An Educational News Agency

Bhopal, 20 February 2025

Eduindex can boost educational news by leveraging its platform to enhance visibility, credibility, and engagement. Here’s how:

  1. Content Aggregation & Curation
    Eduindex can compile the latest educational news from verified sources, ensuring that educators, students, and policymakers get a one-stop destination for updates.
  2. SEO & Digital Reach
    Optimizing articles for search engines can improve rankings, making educational news more accessible to a wider audience.
    Using targeted keywords and meta descriptions can ensure that the right people find relevant content.
  3. Multi-Platform Distribution
    Sharing content across social media platforms, newsletters, and mobile apps can increase readership.
    Collaborations with influencers in education can further amplify reach.
  4. User-Generated Content & Expert Contributions
    Encouraging educators, researchers, and students to contribute articles can bring diverse perspectives.
    Featuring interviews with education experts can add authority and credibility.
  5. Engaging Multimedia Content
    Adding infographics, videos, and podcasts can make educational news more engaging and easier to consume.
    Live discussions or webinars on trending education topics can attract interactive audiences.
  6. Community Engagement & Discussion Forums
    Hosting discussion forums for teachers, students, and education professionals can enhance interaction and exchange of ideas.
    Polls and surveys can gather feedback and insights on key educational topics.
  7. Timely Updates & Alerts
    Push notifications and email alerts for breaking educational news can keep the audience informed instantly.
  8. Integration with Research & Academia
    Linking educational news with academic journals, research papers, and policy analysis can provide deeper insights.
    Partnering with universities and institutions can help disseminate valuable knowledge.
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UGC Discontinues CARE List, Proposes Guidelines for Journal Selection

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New Delhi, Feb. 18 – The University Grants Commission (UGC) has officially dissolved the UGC-CARE (Consortium for Research and Academic Ethics) list, which previously served as a benchmark for faculty publications. In its place, the commission has introduced a set of suggestive parameters to assist faculty members in selecting peer-reviewed journals for research publication.

The newly formulated parameters, developed by a panel of academicians and subject experts, have been made available for public feedback. The UGC has invited suggestions via email at journal@ugc.gov.in, with the deadline set for February 25.

Introduced in 2018, the UGC-CARE list was intended to recognize credible journals for research publication, faculty promotions, and funding applications. However, it faced criticism over concerns of over-centralization, procedural delays, and the inadvertent inclusion of predatory journals. The exclusion of research journals in Indian languages also remained a key point of contention.

The newly proposed parameters have been categorized under eight broad criteria, including Journal Preliminary Criteria, Journal Visibility, and Research Ethics. The UGC has advised Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to adopt and refine these parameters according to their academic and research priorities. Institutions may also set up internal committees to periodically assess and enhance the framework to ensure adherence to quality standards.

Explaining the rationale behind this decision, UGC Chairman M. Jagadesh Kumar pointed to the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which criticized excessive regulation in academia and called for greater institutional autonomy. “By discontinuing the UGC-CARE list, we are shifting the responsibility to HEIs, allowing them to develop their own credible evaluation mechanisms for research publications,” he said.

He further cautioned that without a robust institutional framework, HEIs run the risk of recognizing faculty publications in dubious journals, which could harm their academic reputation. Emphasizing the role of mentorship, he noted that senior faculty members must guide young researchers in distinguishing credible journals from predatory ones.

With this shift, the UGC aims to strike a balance between academic freedom and quality assurance, encouraging institutions to take a proactive role in upholding research integrity while reducing bureaucratic constraints.

14th February: A Day of Love or a Black Day?

Written by Priya Acharya

Introduction

14th February is globally recognized as Valentine’s Day, a celebration of love, affection, and companionship. Couples express their emotions through gifts, roses, and heartfelt gestures. However, in India, this day is not just about love; it also carries a painful memory that turned it into a Black Day for many.

For some, it symbolizes love, while for others, it reminds them of an immense sacrifice. So, is 14th February a day of romance or remembrance? Let’s explore both perspectives.

  1. Valentine’s Day: The Celebration of Love

Valentine’s Day originates from the story of Saint Valentine, who was believed to have secretly helped lovers unite. Over time, this day became a global festival dedicated to expressing love.

Why is Valentine’s Day Special?

Expression of emotions: Couples confess their feelings and strengthen their relationships.

A festival for the youth: Youngsters celebrate it with excitement, exchanging gifts and planning special outings.

Beyond romance: It’s not just for lovers; it also symbolizes love for friends, family, and humanity.

Shayari on Love: “Love is not just a moment, it’s a lifetime of care, It’s found in every smile, in every silent prayer.”

  1. 14th February: The Black Day of India

While the world celebrates love on this day, for India, 14th February is also a day of mourning and remembrance due to a tragic event.

(A) The Pulwama Attack (2019)

On 14th February 2019, a deadly terrorist attack in Pulwama, Jammu & Kashmir, shook the entire nation.

A suicide bomber targeted a CRPF convoy, killing 40 brave soldiers and leaving the country in grief.

Since then, many Indians have started observing 14th February as a Black Day to honor the martyrs.

Shayari for the Martyrs: “They gave their today for our tomorrow, We remember them not just in pain but in pride and sorrow.”

(B) Cultural and Social Resistance

In India, traditional values and modern love celebrations often clash.

Many groups believe that Valentine’s Day is against Indian culture and have protested against its celebration.

Some organizations have declared this day as “Parents’ Worship Day”, urging youth to respect their elders instead.

Shayari on Values: “Love is pure, love is divine, But never forget where your roots entwine.”

  1. Love vs. Remembrance: Finding the Balance

The debate around 14th February continues—should we celebrate love or mourn the loss of our heroes?

The Ideal Approach

Respecting sentiments: Those celebrating Valentine’s Day should also acknowledge and pay tribute to the fallen soldiers.

A day for both: Love and sacrifice can coexist—one should not overshadow the other.

True love is beyond one day: Instead of limiting love to one date, we should practice compassion and gratitude every day.

Final Shayari: “Love is not just about roses and wine, It’s found in sacrifice, in the stars that shine. Honor the love, cherish the brave, Let 14th February be a tribute, not just a wave.”

Conclusion

14th February carries two different meanings—one of love and another of sacrifice. While some celebrate relationships, others remember the sacrifices of soldiers who laid down their lives for the nation.

Whether you see it as a day of love or a Black Day, what matters most is respecting both perspectives and ensuring that love, in any form, is never forgotten.

Final Thought:

“Love is eternal, and so is the sacrifice of the brave. May we always find a way to honor both.”

Written by Priya Acharya

Kashi Tamil Sangamam 3.0 to be inaugurated on 15th February

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The Governor of Tamil Nadu, Thiru R.N. Ravi, flagged off the train carrying the first batch of Kashi Tamil Sangamam 3.0 delegates—including students, teachers, and writers—today at Dr. MGR Central Railway Station, Chennai. This 10-day-long event is scheduled to take place from 15th to 24th February 2025. Director of the Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Prof. V. Kamakoti and other dignitaries were also present at the event.

The Union Minister for Education, Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, in a social media message, welcomed everyone to embrace the spirit of ‘Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat’ at Kashi Tamil Sangamam 3.0. He emphasized that the event serves to cherish, celebrate, and strengthen the deep-rooted bonds between Kashi and Tamil Nadu—two enduring centers of culture, civilization, and knowledge.

The central theme of this edition of KTS will be Maharishi Agasthyar and Mahakumbh and Shri Ayodhya Dham will be the backdrop. The event will offer a divine experience and bring Tamil Nadu and Kashi—the two timeless centres of our civilisation and culture, more closer.

An exhibition on the different facets of Sage Agasthyar and his contributions to world of Health, Philosophy, Science, Linguistics, Literature, Polity, Culture, Art, particularly to Tamil and Tamil Nadu, etc. and seminars, workshops, book release, etc. will be organised at Kashi during KTS 3.0.

This year, the government has decided to bring around 1000 delegates from Tamil Nadu under five categories/groups: (i) Students, Teachers, and Writers; (ii) Farmers and Artisans (Vishwakarma Categories); (iii) Professionals and Small Entrepreneurs; (iv) Women (SHG, Mudra Loan beneficiaries, DBHPS Pracharaks); and (v) Start-up, Innovation, Edu-Tech, Research. This year, an additional group of around 200 students of Tamil origin studying in various CUs will be a part of this event to enliven the bond between Kashi and Tamil Nadu. Participation of youth in all categories has been encouraged this year. The duration of the tour for the delegates will be 8 days (4 for travel, 4 at site). The first group left Tamil Nadu today and the last group will return to Tamil Nadu on 26th February 2025.

The objective of the Kashi Tamil Sangamam is to rediscover, reaffirm, and celebrate the age-old links between Tamil Nadu and Kashi—two of the country’s most important and ancient seats of learning.

Kashi Tamil Sangamam is being organized by the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India in collaboration with other ministries including Culture, Textiles, Railways, Tourism, Food Processing, I&B etc. and the Govt. of UP. The programme aims to provide an opportunity for scholars, students, philosophers, traders, artisans, artists and people from other walks of life from the two regions to come together, share their knowledge, culture and best practices and learn from each other’s experience. It also aims to make the youth aware and experience cultural oneness. The endeavour is in sync with NEP 2020’s emphasis on integrating the wealth of Indian Knowledge Systems with modern systems of knowledge. IIT Madras and BHU are the two implementing agencies for the programme.

The Government has so far celebrated the Kashi Tamil Sangamam on two occasions earlier; i.e., for one month in 2022 and for a fortnight in 2023 and around 4000 delegates from Tamil Nadu have been a part of this event. In both the editions of KTS, there were overwhelming responses from people of Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. IIT Madras will be the sender institution and BHU the receiving institution, as in the earlier editions.

Union Minister for Education, Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, launched the registration portal for KTS 3.0 on 15th January 2025. The portal for registration was open till 1st February 2025.

KTS 2.0 was inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi at Varanasi on 17th December, 2023, with the first-ever real-time, app-based translation of a part of the Prime Minister’s speech in Tamil for the benefit of visiting Tamil delegates.