The defending champions Portugal will lock horns with Hungary in Euro 2020’s Group F match today at 9:30 pm IST. The first half remain goalless as Portugal missed atleast two close chances to score. Portugal has to deal with a difficult draw for its championship defence. Ronaldo missed a straight forward chance in 42nd minute as Portugal kept pushing Hungary in the first half.
84th minute: Portugal 1 | 0 Hungary
Portugal has finally cracked the Hungary roadblock. Rafa Silva’s delivery is diverted towards Raphael Guerreiro , whose attack ricochets past Gulacsi after ricocheting through numerous players.
90+2 minute: Portugal 3 | 0 Hungary
Cristiano Ronaldo adds another goal to his tally! The striker joins forces with Rafa Silva to create space in the Hungarian penalty area, then swerves around Gulacsi to score to make it 3-0! His 106th goal for Portugal and 11th at the Euros.
87th minute: Portugal 2 | 0 Hungary
Cristiano Ronaldo takes the initiative to make European Championship history. And he succeeds! He dispatches Gulacsi into the bottom corner, sending him the wrong way. Ronaldo becomes the first player to score in five consecutive Euro finals and the first to score in double figures at a European championship.
Indian cities are faltering under multiple problems, including environmental issues that we must assert with. Most desperate of them all is the issue of air pollution. The quality of air that citizens are forced to breathe- especially in the heavily polluted cities- has a serious impact on our health and well-being. World Health Organisation (WHO) study found that fourteen of the twenty world’s most polluted cities belonged to India. Kanpur, in Uttar Pradesh, emerged as the city with the highest PM2.5 level, standing at 173 (17 times higher than the limit set for safety). It is estimated that in 2016, over 9 lakh deaths were caused due to air pollution in India. Some other cities with high PM 2.5 levels include Faridabad, Varanasi, Gaya, Patna, Delhi, Lucknow and Agra. Delhi, as the capital of the country, too gained notorious reputation as a result of its severely poor air quality. In the past, there have been multiple instances where the presence of heavy smog in the national capital has led to the declaration of public health emergencies, flight cancellations, school closures and inevitable political acrimony. The sources of air pollution are multiple. Vehicular emissions, crop burning, generation of dust- particularly from construction sites, depleting tree covers and poor waste management – all contribute towards the declining air quality. One of the problems with tackling air pollution solely at the city level is that several factors which contribute towards increasing pollution levels have their origins in the bordering sub-urban areas. In Delhi, for instance, one of the major factors responsible for its declining air quality is paddy straw burning in its neighbouring states. Air pollution does not recognize geographical boundaries. Just as polluted air from rural areas travels into cities, cities too contribute towards rural pollution. Thus, it is critical for anti-pollution efforts to be coordinated across different levels. Urban-rural and inter-state responses are integral to crafting successful solutions. Fortunately, the Government of India (GoI) has responded to the air pollution epidemic with a nation-wide programme. This is likely to have very positive impact on the health of all citizens, especially city dwellers. The Air Quality Life Index indicates that if national standards with regard to air quality are met, life expectancy would go up by two years. This is clearly what the National Clean Air Mission (CAM-INDIA) aims to achieve. It is a cross-sectoral initiative for air pollution mitigation launched by GoI involving Ministries of Transport, Power, Construction, Agriculture, Rural Development, Environment and the states. Along with a five-year action plan to curb air pollution, the Mission hopes to build a pan-India air quality monitoring network and heighten citizen awareness. Air quality can be significantly improved by cutting the use of solid fuel in households; using sustainable fuels can reduce air pollution levels by almost 40 percent. According to the 2011 Census, 16.6 crore households out of a total of 24.7 crore continued to rely on solid fuels (firewood, crop residue, dung and coal) for cooking. Hopefully, GoI’s Ujjwala scheme, which provides cooking gas to millions of poor households will substantially reduce solid fuel usage. Additionally, reducing emissions from thermal power plants, instituting strong emission standards for industries and introducing stronger vehicular emission standards also need to be effectively implemented. In this regard, state pollution control boards (PCBs) are adopting the Star Rating Programme. The programme rates industries on their fine particulate pollution emissions and enables the monitoring of industries’ pollution levels. Furthermore, in partnership with GoI, states are promoting an electric vehicle policy. Use of electrically powered buses, cars and two-wheelers are bound to have a positive qualitative effect on air quality in cities. Certain policies and programmes focus specifically on cities- The National Clean Air Programme targets 102 polluted Indian cities and aims to reduce their PM2.5 levels by about one-third over the next five years. Steps are also being taken for upgradation to BS VI fuel from BS IV which is expected to reduce air pollution. Initial results are encouraging. The Environment Ministry reported a fall in the national annual average concentration of PM 2.5 from 134 micrograms per cubic metre in 2016 to 125 in 2017. For PM 10, the national annual average fell from 289 micrograms per cubic metre in 2017 to 268 in 2016. An action plan has also been readied for 94 cities which suffer from severe air pollution. While steps are being taken to reduce air pollution at the national and state levels, cities could improve the national performance by introducing complementary initiatives. Firstly, the Clean India Campaign requires energetic implementation. Since dust and waste burning are major sources of PM, cities must ensure wall-to-wall paving of streets, the vacuum cleaning of roads, enforce bans on open solid waste burning and attempt to effectively recover methane from landfills. Some state municipal acts make it mandatory for cities to prepare an annual environment status report. The main objective of such a report is to curate data which allows cities to take cognizance of where they stand in terms of environmental well-being, including the status of air pollution. The next step for cities should be to launch remedial steps as the annual report enables municipalities to assess the impact of their policies on a yearly basis. Sadly, while the reports have been prepared, not much action has been taken. This needs to change. Many cities also carry out a decennial tree census’ which tells them what their tree population is. Depletion of tree cover in specific areas triggers a warning mechanism advising the city to replenish tree stock via fresh plantation. Another city-centric solution that municipalities should consider implementing is the incentivisation of the maintenance of roof-top gardens as well as, potted plants in balconies and kitchen gardens through suitable amendments in development control regulations. While the issue of air pollution has managed to capture public imagination, the problem of growing question of growing population density in cities continues to be at best- an afterthought. High human density hinders the successful implementation of positive initiatives. The volume of polluting activities continue to multiply, as the space to counteract them physically shrinks. The question of decentralising urbanisation needs to be addressed in a meaningful way, for it holds the key to improving the quality of urban life.
I think the farmer plays the same role for our country as the backbone for the human body.The problem is our farmers are suffering from many problems.Sometimes, many of them cannot even eat two times food a day, despite all the difficulties that they face, they play an important role accordingly. They are the country’s food producers. Before the 1970s, India was not able to produce enough food to meet its needs.In other words, India was not self-sufficient in terms of food grains.We imported large quantities of food grains from overseas (mainly from the United States).This went well for some time but later USA started blackmailing us on business also threatened to completely stop the supply of food grains.Then Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri accepted the challenge and gave the slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan” and took some drastic measures, which resulted in Green Revolution.Due to this we became self-reliant in the matter of food and even started as well.India has never looked back since then our farmers have never disappointed us, even though they are facing many problems.They are able to meet the demand of the growing population. One of the biggest contributors to the Indian economy: Farmers contribute about 17% to the Indian economy.Even after that, they lived a life of poverty.If we are able to overcome various obstacles, there is a good chance that this percentage will improve.All farmers are self-servants, they are not dependent on any other source for employment. We have come a long way since independence but there is still much to be done.I am sure, if we work honestly, we will be able to overcome the problems we are facing today and God will become as beautiful and prosperous to prepare our villages as Bollywood films.
Bathukamma is Telangana’s floral festival celebrated by the Hindu women of Telangana and neighbouring states in India. Every year this festival is celebrated as per Telugu version of Hindu calendar in the Bhadrapada Amavasya, also known as Mahalaya Amavasya, usually in September–October of Gregorian calendar. Bathukamma is celebrated for nine days during Durga Navratri. It starts on the day of Mahalaya Amavasya and the 9-day festivities will culminate on “Saddula Bathukamma” or “Pedda Bathukamma” festival on Ashwayuja Ashtami, popularly known as Durgashtami which is two days before Dussehra. Bathukamma is followed by Boddemma, which is a 7-day festival. Boddemma festival that marks the ending of rainy season whereas Bathukamma festival indicates the beginning of winter season. Bathukamma represents cultural spirit of Telangana. Bathukamma is a beautiful flower stack, arranged with different unique seasonal flowers most of them with medicinal values, in seven concentric layers in the shape of temple gopuram. In Telugu, ‘Bathukamma’ means ‘Mother Goddess come Alive’ and Goddess Maha Gauri-‘Life Giver’ is worshipped in the form of Bathukamma – the patron goddess of womanhood, Maha Gauri Devi It is the festival for feminine felicitation. On this special occasion women dress up in the traditional sari combining it with jewels and other accessories. Preparation on first five days women will clean their courtyard, cow dung mixed with water is spread in the courtyard as a ground-base, decorate the ground-base with rangoli made of rice flour. For the first five days Batukamma is prepared with cow dung. Five small lumps in cone shape are arranged in the courtyard. Men in the house gather flowers from the wild plains like Celosia, Senna, Marigold, Chrysanthemum, Indian Lotus, Cucurbita leaves & flowers, Cucumis Sativus leaves & flowers, Memecylon edule, Tridax procumbens, Trachyspermum ammi, Katla, Teku Flowers, etc., which bloom in this season in various vibrant colors all across the uncultivated and barren plains of the region. Preparing a Bathukamma is a folk art. Women start preparing Bathukamma from the afternoon. They cut the flowers leaving the little length base, some dip Gunugu (Celosia) flowers in various vibrant colours, some scented and arrange them on a wide plate called Thambalam spread with big leaves, and stack them up in a conical mound, filling the cone with leaves and stems of the flower stalks, decorated with a Lotus or Pumpkin Flower on top of the stack along with Gouramma (a symbolic idol of Gowri made of turmeric). One interesting aspect of the preparation of the flower arrangement is that the arrangement usually floats in water for sometime, and the arrangement is not disassembled until it drowns in water.
It’s really worth saying “Eat food as a medicine or you have to eat medicine as a food”. Ultimately this quote suggests , whatever we are going to feed to our body , it will ultimately affect our activities . Feeding our brains with good quality supplements would ensure longer lifetime and make us feel healthier . On the other hand , studies have revealed that eating junk food not only make us obese but also leads to various health issues like diabetes , respiratory problems , gastrointestinal problems , etc. It works by damaging the neurones present in brain . The reasearch studies showed that the life expectancy of the person eating more of Vegetables and healthy food is more as compared to that fed on junk food . Junk food adds on calories and fats to our body which ultimately becomes the house of diseases . Healthy lifestyle includes food , living habits and also our physical activity. Healthy lifestyle leads to healthy mindset that results in healthy ouput . Its very hard to obey healthy Lifestyle in such a competitive world , but still if one wants can achieve it simply by changing the way of eating and thinking . All that matters to our body is our eating, sleeping and thinking habits. Here are some of the living habits that would add benefits to our health –
-intake of 2-3 L water daily , -doing breakfast at time , -lunch should contain colorful food (veggies, salads )
-dinner should be light
-intake of fruits before lunch
-intake of salads before dinner
-fluid intake in the form of milk , shakes , juices once a day would keep the body healthy
-twenty minutes workout in morning includes yoga and meditation and warm up exercises.
– eight hours sleep is an essential part which should not be skipped
The other important thing related to food is tolerance . Some studies has revealed that overeating or less eating has also been found a reason adding to our health deterioration . Vitamins, minerals , amino acid, proteins , carbohydrates, fats are all the essential component of an healthy diet. There are many people that can’t tolerate wheat in diet due to wheat allergy , numerous of the people can’t have milk dude to lactose intolerance . But every problem has a solution , they have alternatives too . The main agenda in health maintenance is what to eat , how to eat , and it’s quality and quantity. It has been proved that eating more of spicy food can trigger stress and ultimately leads to depression . Spicy food takes more time to digest and is cancerous too. Our brain and stomach works in synchronisation . If the brain is in stressful conditions it would really impact our stomach due to which it has been found that the patients in stress have usually passed through gastrointestinal problems . Instead it’s not only about our stomach and brain , it’s a fact that our whole body works in synchronisation , the food we put in would affect the working of every part of the body . So , it’s really understood that prevention is better than cure . We actually knew that eating habits plays an important role in the development of our body. Eat live and live healthy , it has been found that the people living in rural areas are more active in their work as compared to the urban population , all makes difference is our eating habits that is the type of food . The people living in rural areas eat more of the raw and natural food , while the people living in city eat processed food just to save time . One scientific reaserch has proved that eating carbohydrates and Proteins have ultimately have effects on our emotions and thinking process , the type of food we eat can also trigger anger or make us feel down . It has been noticed that after drinking glucose or some fluid we feel hydrated while eating something full of fat and calories make us feel sleepy. Thus , the food we eat decides our health which in end decides the wealth , so in order to live a healthy and peaceful life one needs to eat and think healthy.
One of the most formidable challenges which our criminal justice system is facing today is the overcrowding of prisons. This century has witnessed a significant growth in the number of offenders brought before the court. It has became almost impossible to deal with such an oversized population in the prison in result it has placed a colossal burden on prison authorities as well as the government that must finance the confinement of such a large number of prisoners.
Prison privatization basically connects governments in need of more prison capacity with private corporations capable of providing such capacity. Local, state, and central governments accept bids from private companies to run prisons, jails, and detention centers. Private enterprises compete in theory to submit the best bid. In practice, the business is dominated by two major corporations, competition is restricted. The successful bidder then takes complete responsibility for running a prison’s day-to-day operations, including employing personnel, disciplining inmates, stocking supplies, and delivering legally mandated programming, among other things. The government pays the corporation in exchange. Because the paid fee is often less than the cost per inmate in a public prison or detention center, public agencies are encouraged to participate into such contracts in order to save money on correctional expenditures. The firm also bears legal accountability in the event of legal or constitutional challenges by taking over operational tasks. Prison privatization debates usually revolve around three issues: cost, quality, and morality.
After collecting several data from sources like National Crime Records Bureau, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Informatics Center, Penal Reform and Justice Association, everything indicates that private prisons are seen to provide solid advantages but also with some drawbacks. However, some drawbacks because the risk will grow as the cost reduction become more dominant. Private prisons must meet certain standards in creating the regulatory and accountability mechanisms which will eventually regulate their operations. Private prisons can help improvement of the entire prison system if they’re properly regulated and held accountable to the general public.
Talking about the situation in India even though there will be multiple problems in such a diverse country there is great scope in India for privatization of prisons, with the overcrowded prison system and the increase in number of cases. Therefore, there ought to be a dedicated committee formed by the govt. in order to look into the possibility of the plan for India and the absolute best models that can be constructed to make sure that even when privatized, prisons of India treat prisoners with care and provide them with a mandatory quality of life and fulfill their basic rights.
A healthy body not only contributes to a more active, productive and fulfilling life, but can also add years to your life. If your body is healthy, your body has a strong immune system to combat health problems. Staying healthy physically can help you stay healthy emotionally too. Here are some of the ways to keep your body healthy.
Eat healthy foods
When you eat right, you not only feel better and have more energy, but you also provide your body with vital nutrients – protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, minerals and fiber that maintain your body’s health. A nutrient-rich diet includes whole grains, fish, nuts, eggs, fat-free dairy foods such as yogurt and milk. Avoid processed and refined foods, which are typically loaded with saturated fats and sugar. These foods have little nutritional value and can cause your blood glucose levels to rise and then quickly drop, leaving you feeling tired.
Regular exercise
Regular exercise is crucial to keeping your body healthy. Regular physical activity helps control
your weight, strengthens your bones and muscles, improves your mood and overall mental health and may add extra years to your life. Regular exercise is very important in your day to day schedule.
Get enough sleep
Sleep plays a vital role not only in your daily performance, but also in keeping your body healthy throughout your life. Sleep is necessary for the healing and repair of your heart and blood vessels. It aids in balance of your body’s hormones and supports your immune system, which defends harmful substances, relies on adequate sleep to remain strong and function properly. Aim for seven to eight hours of sleep a day. Sleep is very important in one’s life.
Drink water
Water is an essential nutrient that makes up between 60-70 percent of your body. Every cell in your body. Every cell in your body needs water to function properly. Water maintains body temperature, moves nutrients and waste materials through your body, helps normalize blood pressure and lubricates and organs. Keeping well-hydrated is essential not only to your body’s health, but also to its survival. A good rule of thumb for estimating adequate daily water intake is to drink, in ounces, half your total body weight.
India Vs New Zealand!! The final of the World Test Championship. What an event that’s gonna happen in just 2 days. A country with a population of 136.64 crores Vs a country with a population of 49.2 lakhs. No doubt,the whole cricketing world is waiting for this big clash. Just 1 day in between to count. June 18,2021, the day marked in the calendars of millions is not far away. Both the teams are getting ready for this grand finale in South Amptom,England. As a fan,I am going to discuss about the strengths and weaknesses of both the teams.
India:
Major positives:
1) Bowling:
India have an exceptional bowling attack that can perform incredibly well in any tough conditions. Jasprit Bumrah, Mohammad Shami, Ishant Sharma, Mohammad Suraj and Umesh Yadav are the 5 Pacers in the 15-member squad. With conditions overcast, everyone of the 5 are capable of swinging the ball in and out. That’s gonna be a big threat for New Zealanders. Also, if the ball gets old and a bit of rough in the surface can help the spinners Ravi Ashwin and Ravindra Jadeja. They are probably the best spin combination that any team dream to have. With any 3 pacers picked from the 5 and these 2 spinners added, the bowling attack is completely set with not point to make a question.
2) Experience in batting:
With the likes of Rohit Sharma, Virat Kohli, Cheteshwar Pujara and Ajinkya Rahane, the batting order looks experienced and balanced. With the addition of Rishabh Pant and Shubman Gill to the line up, anyone from the top 6 can score a century and even a double century. Both Gill and Pant had a very successful series in Australia at the start of this year. They tend to continue and take that confidence in upcoming matches. Not stopped with that. India still have Jadeja at No.7 and R.Ashwin at No.8. These 2 stable all-rounders provide a great balance to the team in both batting and bowling.
Negatives:
Hard to find that. But to mention, there is one thing – Opening Partners. Both Rohit Sharma and Shubman Gill haven’t opened in red ball cricket for even a single time in England. This may be a harsh statement. But right, Rohit has a pretty good experience and we can’t forget his 5 centuries in World cup,2019 in England. But he struggled against left arm seamers at the start of his innings. New Zealand have Boult and Wagner to bring into attack. Also, Gill comes from an average season of IPL. This may not affect the performance in longer format though.
Final note:
During this lockdown period, people in India are really happy to watch this match along with family, without going out for unnecessary reasons. Some find cricket to be a reason to stay at home. Covid-19 cases in India is gradually reducing day-by-day. Happy to hear all these positive news in such a tough period. Let’s all enjoy the match with mind full of energy and positivity. Let this match make us forget about all our negative feelings. Let’s all dive deep into the ocean of cricket craze. Thank you.
(CoV) are a large family of viruses that are causing illness in human beings. The symptoms of novel Coronavirus are common cold, headache and sometimes more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). This disease is so dangerous that it can cause death in case of severe infection. LOCKDOWN:- As the spread of Coronavirus was spreading day by day and there was no way to stop it other than causing lockdown. So our government decided to start a complete lockdown all over the country to stop spreading the infection. Not only did our country but also other countries decided the same as we all know that “Prevention is always better than cure”. Effects of lockdown in short:- When the lockdown was first announced people were initially happy but later everyone realized that this lockdown would have severe consequences on our daily life. The lockdown to prevent the spreading of Coronavirus is having various effects on different communities of People. Today I will say about the consequences in students’ life LIFE OF A STUDENT DURING LOCKDOWN:- During this coronavirus time, students ‘ lifestyles had changed a lot. At first all the students were very happy about the lockdown because schools and colleges would remain closed during this time. Everyone thought they could have an ash life, enjoying all day playing games, watching movies right from the morning to the night. Then suddenly we all realized that life without studies and meeting our loved ones are becoming very boring day by day, also all these entertainment games and movies would last for a short period of time and then we all started waiting for the unlocking situation to meet friends and relatives.
Slowly all the school and college authorities started initiating online classes. At first online classes felt better as there was a complete change in the situation of the class’s atmosphere. After a month we realized that there are lots of disadvantages and advantages to this type of education. Finally we realized that this virus is not a blessing to students but a foreshadow of the student’s further life to adjust to the Online mode of education. The shift in education is totally different from an education career. Advantages and disadvantages of online classes
ADVANTAGES: There are no significant advantages because there is a huge loss in jobs, lives, and the economy of the Country. But speaking about the children, there are some advantages. Students used their quality time in studying. They had also got time to explore the talents in them other than studying. We spent lots of time with our family. We all enjoyed the company of our grandparents, cousins, mother, father, and other relatives.Watching a movie along with the family and enjoying it can only happen now at this time. We could spend time with parents and explain career planning views.
Saving Time A lot of time is saved as now we don’t have to travel from one place to another. Instead we can spend five to six hours of the quality time for the online classes. And if we avoid watching movies and playing mobile games then we would also get time for self study that is also necessary.
DISADVANTAGES There are many disadvantages because there is a huge loss in jobs, lives, and the economy of the Country. Main disadvantages for students are
Online Classes One of the problems of online classes is adopting the online classes.The adoption rate is around 50-60% whereas in the classroom the adoption was around 80-90%. It also has adverse effects on the eyes of the students due to long hours in front of the blue screen. The interest in classes does not grow in the small children as the primary grades have low concentration power, and also it is very harmful for these small kids to sit for a longer time in front of the blue screen.
There are many poor students who do not have access to laptops and computers; and for this reason they are lagging in their studies.
There are even more disadvantages of the online classes like- There are no exams; internals are giving marks. This may impact their career in the feature. And finally, students are missing their happiest days in the schools and colleges. We all are hoping that the government will make good decisions on education with clear instructions as early as possible to avoid the situations that occurred by Covid-19 pandemic. @track2traininginstitute@edunewsnetwork
Menstruation or period has always been taboo. People don’t want to talk about it. It is a natural cycle. And that’s how a female body functions, doesn’t it?
Taboos around menstruation have always explained it to be something to be kept hidden. Religious taboos on menstruation consider women on their periods as “impure”. It is weird how a normal body function can be considered impure.
In Indian, it is not allowed to enter the temple for a woman on her period, or touch the pickle jar. This misogyny doesn’t just prevail in India, but all around the world in their unique ways. Women in Nepal are kept secluded in a menstruation hut, not allowed to enter the kitchen or touch anyone while they are on their periods. Indonesian women face similar issues in India and Nepal. The political boundaries couldn’t have succeeded to unite the nations with menstruation taboos.
Misconceptions, cultural norms and silence has led to living in the dark, letting such taboos build up. People are not enough educated about it as they find it shameful. Many girls around the world don’t know about periods till they have them for the first time. Because of this lack of knowledge and social humiliation women around the world risk their lives. As the period is not talked about, women at some places use clothes to soak up their period blood; at times use the same cloth after washing because, either they feel shameful to buy a sanitary napkin or don’t have access to it.
Even when these sanitary napkins or pads are bought, are wrapped around with newspapers and then put into a black polythene bag, just to ensure double safety so nobody sees it. It is treated as something nobody should find out. Even while asking for it women almost whisper so that nobody in the vicinity could hear about it as it has been taught to them it shouldn’t be talked about.
We have even watched advertisements of sanitary pads on television, where a blue coloured liquid is poured on the pad just to show them how much the pad can soak. But the question here is- do women bleed blue? And the answer is an absolute no. Then why do the advertisements show so? It is just so that the viewers don’t feel gross. But shouldn’t the reality be shown as it is? These aspects also contribute to misconceptions and often confuse.
Out of curiosity, boys in the class often take out sanitary napkins from female classmate’s bags. Lack of menstrual awareness often leads to period shaming, where a girl getting stained from period blood is shamed and mocked leading to humiliation. Not women but men and every human being should know about it. Schools should have awareness programs to aware the students about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. It should also be taught how a person on periods can be taken care of. Periods are a healthy and natural function of a women’s body.
Not just women but also men should know about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Schools should have awareness programs to aware the students about it. It should also be taught how a person on periods can be taken care of. There is nothing to be embarrassed about girl blood staining her dress, or having a sanitary napkin in her bag. Periods are a healthy and natural function of a women’s body.
As I was growing up, I never thought that life will take so many twists and turns and give me so much to care about.
Life gives us so many countless opportunities if we look closer. As a 16 year old I should have focused more on my studies rather than day dreaming because that was the time to make or break my career. My mother would always say to me this is the time to make yourself woth this world.
I always wanted to be in a good college which gave me exposure, which gave me opportunities to find myself. I will say this to other kids out there FIND YOURSELF . This is the most important thing.
When you look at the night sky, you admire the fascinating beauty of millions of stars and galaxies of the universe. Humans have looked in awe and wondered what those twinkling dots of light are, since ancient times. Due to their inborn curiosity, humans have found answers to their questions and ventured deeper into the unknown.
Today, many spacecrafts have been sent beyond our little world -earth -and humans have even walked on the moon! All this has been possible only because of our thirst to know more. So, space has its own separate branch of science- Astronomy.
What is astronomy?
Astronomy is the branch of science dealing with the study of the universe. There are two major types of astronomy- observational and theoretical. In observational astronomy, many different types of electromagnetic waves like X-rays , gamma rays, microwaves, UV rays, infrared and visible light. Theoretical astronomy mainly deals with simulations and creating theoretical models to predict the observations.
Distance in astronomy
We know that the universe is a very very large place. So, to measure distance in the cosmos we need bigger units of length than kilometers:
Astronomical unit(AU): It is used to define the distance between Earth and the Sun. 1AU is equivalent to 149 million kilometers (93 million miles).
Light year(ly): It is defined as the distance travelled by light in one year. The speed of light is 300,000 kilometers per second. So 1ly is equal to 9.5 trillion kilometers(a lot right!).
Parsec: It is defined as the distance at which the mean radius of the earth’s orbit subtends an angle of one second of arc. 1 parsec is equal to 3.26light years.
Some fun facts:
The limit of the visible universe is about 46.5billion light years(radius) which equals to 4.4* 10^26metres (humongous!).
The universe is about 13.8billion light years old.
The universe formed as a result of the Big Bang-literally a single point expanded to form the universe!
The universe is expanding at the rate of 72 kilometers per second.
There are more than one hundred thousand million stars in our galaxy (the milky way). Imagine if there are trillions of galaxies like our own, how many stars would that be!
The death of the universe is not completely predicted yet. Some say that it will become a dark and cold place when all the stars die. Others say that the universe will end with “the Big Crunch”.
When you look at the sun, you look about 8 minutes into the past, since light has taken 8 minutes to reach us.
The milky way has a supermassive black hole at its center- Sagittarius A*
Are we alone?
We haven’t found any other life in the universe but the search is on. Since there are billions of stars, the chances of them having earth like planets are high. So, there probably are “aliens” out there, we just haven’t found them yet or they haven’t found us yet. Sadly, the chances of having contact with a developed alien life like us are very low. However, that won’t stop us from looking. Hopefully, we will find them soon (and let them be friendly!).
Astronomy is a diversified branch with biology, geology, chemistry, mathematics and physics, all different types of fields coming together. There is a lot of scope for a great career in this discipline. Besides, who wouldn’t want to find out the secrets of the universe.
We are living in the Golden era of television. Since the year 2000, television has evolved dramatically. The rise of cable networks resulted in a period of more innovation, quality and quantity, which has since been surpassed by the arrival of streaming services. TV has become the primary source of entertainment for the majority of the population since the introduction of streaming services such as Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime, HBO Max and Disney Plus. Previously the thought of a network airing a complete season on a single day was unthinkable. Episodes aired week after week, sometimes back to back, and so on – until streaming services showed their willingness to take a different path. With the knowledge that television is undergoing yet another revolution, and that the medium’s limits and definitions may alter yet again, it seems appropriate to reflect on the past.
With that said, let’s directly jump into the very best chapters of television the medium had to offer.
Note: I’ve considered only one episode per a TV show to make the list more diverse.
The Winds of Winter, Game of Thrones (Season 6, Episode 10)
IMDb Rating: 9.9
Written by: David Benioff, D. B. Weiss
Directed by: Miguel Sapochnik
Air date: June 26, 2016
This is an all-timer. This episode is Game of Thrones at its very best. It offers everything a fan wished for, a shocking yet satisfying end to one of the best seasons of the show.
International Assassin, The Leftovers (Season 2, Episode 8)
IMDb Rating: 9.6
Written by: Damon Lindelof, Nick Cuse
Directed by: Craig Zobel
Air date: November 22, 2015
International Assassin is the most polarizing episode of the most polarizing show, a stress test of an episode that pushes the show’s concept and expands its universe in ways that not everyone will appreciate and that makes it so special and unique.
Chicanery, Better Call Saul (Season 3, Episode 5)
IMDb Rating: 9.7
Written by: Gordon Smith
Directed by: Daniel Sackheim
Air date: May 8, 2017
A standout episode of the show as it stages a bittersweet showdown. This episode marks the climax of a seasons-long power play between Chuck and Jimmy. This episode is a relatively simple installment on a plot level. But it’s the character interactions, as well as the show’s willingness to bring out the worst in these characters and pit them against each other, that have us hooked. This is one of the defining TV episodes you’ll come across on television today.
407 Proxy Authentication Required, Mr. Robot (Season 4, Episode 7)
IMDb Rating: 9.9
Written by and Directed by: Sam Esmail
Air date: November 17, 2019
If there was ever an episode that defined a series, then this is the one. The episode that finally revealed the origin of the titular character. A riveting hour of television, you feel like the characters when you complete the episode, but you embrace every second of it because this is how good television should feel: thrilling, horrifying, and a little bit nauseating.
The Suitcase, Mad Men (Season 4, Episode 7)
IMDb Rating: 9.7
Written by: Matthew Weiner
Directed by: Jennifer Getzinger
Air date: September 5, 2010
The Suitcase says so much with so little, without a visual or narrative trick in sight. And in doing so, it defines a show and sets a high bar for the next decade of television, and most likely the next decade after that. The Suitcase is the one of the best episodes because it tells the show’s story in miniature: flawed, difficult, and damaged characters finding salvation in their job, though not enough to save them from themselves.
Start, The Americans (Season 6, Episode 10)
IMDb Rating: 9.8
Written by: Joe Weisberg, Joel Fields
Directed by: Chris Long
Air date: May 30, 2018
Perhaps the most overlooked episode in the list. The series finale of The Americans is a subdued, sublime, and utterly tragic send-off to one of television’s best shows. It delivered a wondrous wallop that crackled with sadness and urgency. The episode is a fascinating flight full of heartbreaking decisions and unexpected swerves.
If-Then-Else, Person of Interest (Season 4, Episode 11)
IMDb Rating: 9.9
Written by: Denise Thé
Directed by: Chris Fisher
Air date: January 6, 2015
Person of Interest’s never-ending ability to deliver mind-blowing episodes is what makes it one of the best tv shows. And the episode If-Then-Else does exactly the same. Smart, action-filled chapter with a powerfully sad and meaningful conclusion. As the main plot of the show is about the relationship between humans and machine, this episode in particular dig deeper in to that. This episode is about what it means to be a machine, but it’s also about what it means to be human.
Final Grades, The Wire (Season 4, Episode 13)
IMDb Rating: 9.5
Written by: David Simon, Ed Burns
Directed by: Ernest Dickerson
Air date: December 10, 2006
The Wire’s fourth season came to a close with a mega-episode that alternated between periods of crushing despair and sparks of hope and optimism. Watching this episode was like putting down a fantastic book, one that had provided knowledge, excitement, a view into another world, and consistent brilliance with character development throughout the season.
ronny/lily, Barry (Season 2, Episode 5)
IMDb Rating: 9.8
Written by: Alec Berg, Bill Hader, Taofik Kolade
Directed by: Bill Hader
Air date: April 28, 2019
Perhaps the most recent episode on the list. It was released during the same weekend when Game of Thrones most awaited episode The Long Night and Marvel’s Avengers: Endgame came. But somehow this episode of Barry impressed me the most when it comes to action sequences and storytelling. The episode is an absolute knockout it’s suspenseful, surreal, and darkly hilarious.
Pine Barrens, The Sopranos (Season 3, Episode 11)
IMDb Rating: 9.7
Written by: Tim Van Patten, Terence Winter
Directed by: Steve Buscemi
Air date: May 6, 2001
The oldest episode on the list but the one that defined television forever. A distinctly self-contained short story. The episode is a classic example of the show’s unpredictability and surprisingly humorous tone. It’s basically a cross between an anti-buddy comedy and a nightmare; it’s funny, absurd, and horrifying all at the same time.
The View From Halfway Down, BoJack Horseman (Season 6, Episode 15)
IMDb Rating: 9.9
Written by: Alison Tafel
Directed by: Amy Winfrey
Air date: January 31, 2020
The only animated episode in the list. The episode is a depressing perspective on the inevitability of death. Although this is an adult cartoon, one of the things that make it wonderful is that the writers put a lot of effort into crafting strong writing and a great tale that does credit to all of the characters and the result can be seen in this episode.
Ozymandias, Breaking Bad (Season 5, Episode 14)
IMDb Rating: 10
Written by: Moira Walley-Beckett
Directed by: Rian Johnson
Air date: September 15, 2013
Do you ever watch something where you are so emotionally invested by the characters, setting and story that when it’s over, you can’t help but sit and contemplate what you just watched? Exactly felt the same after watching this episode. Ozymandias is perhaps the most gut-wrenching, twisted, horrific, well-planned episode ever made. This episode is Breaking Bad storytelling at its finest. It’s completely flawless. Not surprising that it is the highest-rated episode in the history of television.
The police has always had its own unique image in the minds of the public. There is an old saying about police in Hindi which is very popular among the people ‘n inki dosti achhi, n inki dushmani achhi’ (neither friendship with police is good nor animosity). This proverb, in fact, expresses the opinion of public about the police. It is true that the police has not been able to make its place in the heart of the people so that they can be revered by the common people as their protector. Then the bitter truth is also that they have not made much effort to improve their image and change the mindset of the public towards the police. After all whatever police does, it does to protect the people of the country and to maintain the law and order so that peace can prevail in the society. Then what are the reasons behind the lack of trust between public and police ? Why the common people is still hesitant to befriend with their ‘protector’ ? The answer to the above question is not very difficult to find. Corruption, non- cooperational behaviour in some cases, etc. are some of the many reasons of the uncomfortable relation between public and police. For example, if a victim of sexual assault goes to police to file an FIR, there are a lot of insensitive questions are asked to her which she may not be able to answer with comfort. The sheer humiliation in the society is one of the reasons of less reporting of such heinous crime. According to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report of 2006, about 71% of rape crimes go unreported. This does not happen only in India. A UN study of 57 countries estimates just 11% of rape and sexual assault cases worldwide are ever reported. However, because of the increasing awareness in the society, the number of cases being reported are increasing day by day. The hesitation to report case is not only limited to the victims of sexual assault. After being robbed if a person goes to file the complain then police starts to interrogate the victim itself initially. This is the reason that many people avoid going to the police. The other big demerit in the police system is corruption. Because of the widespread roots of corruption in police system, wealthy and powerful people think that they are above the law and they can do whatever they want. Exploitation of weaker section of the society is an easy job for them. They think that they can get away easily after any wrongdoings. The support of corrupt police officers to these anti-social elements widens the lack of trust between public and police. It would be injustice to the police if i would say that each and every police personnel is corrupt, uncooperative and disrespectful. If any police personnels tries to do good for the society and earn the trust of the people and hence shorten the gap of mutual trust and respect by bridling those anti-social elements who are threat to the society then political pressure from big politicians to the honest officers proves to be the last nail in the coffin. Honest police officers are threatened by the powerful politicians, who are the saviors of these high profile criminals, of transfer-posting of the place or service. If they still stick to their honesty then either their department is changed or they posted somewhere else or they are forced to resign. So the nexus of criminal, corrupt police personnels and the corrupt politicians need to be rooted out in order to create a growing, peaceful society and to develop a friendly public-police relations. In these challenging times of Corona pandemic, we have already witnessed the human aspect of police personnels where they not only do their duty by keeping their life at stake but they have also seen feeding the hungry and unprivileged people, migrant labourers, students and pilgrims who were stuck away from their home in lockdown. In some cases they even spent their own money for the treatment and food of the poor. This has increased the respect immensely for the police in common people. We can never laud enough for their benevolent job that they do. In return, the least we can do is to respect them and their family too. The humanitarian behaviour of police in modern times strengthens the idea that the friendly relationship between public and police is not something which is unachievable and it is not far away.
Employment is the state of having paid for the work you do after a certain period of time. Unemployment is a state where a person is willing to be employed but is unable to find a job. Furthermore, it is those people in the workforce or pool of people who are available for work but do not have an appropriate job. The employment rate stood at 39.4% in 2019-2020 in India, simultaneously the unemployment rate in 2019-2020 was 3.4%. Although the rate of employment is a little higher than the rate of unemployment, yet unemployment is a major problem in the Country. Every other person here is facing unemployment.
Unemployment is nothing but a stage where a person willing and available for work doesn’t get a job that he/she requires after a certain point in time.
Unemployment directly influences the labor market which in turn influences economic activities. The labor market in India continues to be under stress primarily because of the fall in the employment rate in rural India and the continued low employment rate in urban India, the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy said, suggesting an urgent need to create more jobs. “The falling employment rate in rural India and the continued low employment rate in urban India are the weaknesses in India’s labor market recovery process,” CMIE said in its weekly analysis. According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), an economics and business think-tank, as of 2018, unemployment in India had risen to 31 million individuals looking for jobs. The lowest unemployment rate in India was 3.4% (July 2017) but has now risen to 7.1%.
In India, it is a complex problem with numerous overlapping and intertwined causes; however, it is possible to identify several key causes. The following are listed as identified causes:- Caste System- it is a major factor in generating unemployment. In some areas, certain kinds of work are prohibited for members of particular castes; Increased Population Growth- As the country’s population is increasing substantially, the country’s economic growth cannot keep up with the population growth, this leads to a larger share of society being unemployed; Slow Economic Growth Because the Indian economy is relatively underdeveloped, economic growth is considerably slower than it might otherwise be. This means that as the population increases, the economy cannot keep up with demands for employment and an increasing share of people are unable to find work. The result is insufficient levels of employment nationwide; Loss of Small-Scale/Cottage Industries- Industrial development has made cottage and small-scale industries considerably less economically attractive. The result is that the cottage and small-scale industries have significantly declined, and artisans have become unemployed as a result; These may be identified causes of Unemployment in India.
The maximum amount of unemployment lies in the rural areas, as people there are not that educated and they get difficulty in finding a job. Although the Government has launched some of the schemes to provide employment to all there was not much difference. The programs launched by Government for providing more employment opportunities to rural areas are listed below-
1. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MNREGA)- It provides 100-day employment to an unemployed person in a year.
2. Sampoorna Rojgar Yojana- The primary objective of the scheme is to provide killed and local employment and thereby improve skill levels in all rural and urban areas.
3. Aajeevika- National Rural Livelihood Programme- It was launched by the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD). NRLM has set out with an agenda to cover 7 crore households, across 600 districts, 6000 blocks, 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats and 6 lakh villages in the country through Self Help Groups (SHGs).
These programs were helpful to some extent only. We need some more powerful policies and jobs that can improve this scenario and eliminate unemployment in the country.
Eduindex 
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