KEY SKILLS FOR PROFESSIONALS

What are skills?

Skills are something which is not taught in schools or colleges, but rather they are acquired from experience. In today’s digital era where everyone is hunting for jobs and mostly college students are searching for part-time jobs, it’s not going to be easy to get a job with only a degree. You have to develop professional skills that will make you stand out from the crowd.


What are professional skills ?

Professional skills are combination of both hard skills as well as soft skills.

What are soft skills?

Soft skills are universal skills that are not tied to any particular job; rather, they are basic skills that are important for any employee.

15 examples of soft skills-

  • Communication
  • Teamwork
  • Problem-solving
  • Time management
  • Critical thinking
  • Decision-making
  • Organizational
  • Stress management
  • Adaptability
  • Conflict management
  • Leadership
  • Creativity
  • Resourcefulness
  • Persuasion
  • Openness to criticism

  •  source –https://resources.workable.com/hr-terms/what-are-soft-skills#:~:text=Communication,Openness%20to%20criticism

    • How to develop soft skills?

    You can develop soft skills by reading books on soft skills training or simply by observing senior employees handling pressure or the way they communicate with the team.

    What are hard skills?

    Hard skills are a set of skills specific to a particular job. They are acquired through formal education and internships.

    Most important in-demand hard skills:

    • digital marketing
    • coding
    • google analytics
    • app development
    • artificial intelligence
    • content writing
    • project marketing

    How to earn through these skills?

    1) Earn as a freelancer

    There are many online sites which connects clients with freelancers.

    Here are the list of freelance platforms-

    • Toptal
    • Flexjobs
    • Fiverr
    • Upwork

    2) Sell your E-books

    E-books are a great way to sell your skills. Like if you are a musician, you can write a step guide to learn piano and then create a pdf and you can offer pdf download through PayLoadz or DPD services.

    3) Become an consultant

    If you have knowledge of growing new business then you can also earn online. 

    if you want to be a consultant then TOPTAL will be the best for you.


    4) Sell online courses

    If you have expertise in any field then you can sell your online courses.

    As everyone is searching everything on internet so it is a good opportunity to capture their attention.

    Government budget

    The government budget is an annual fiscal statement depicting the revenues and expenditures for a financial year that is often moved by the legislature, sanctioned by the Chief Executive or President, and given by the Finance Minister to the country. The budget is also known as the Annual Financial Statement of the nation.In terms of Article 112 (1) of the Constitution of India, a statement of estimated receipts and expenditure of the Government of India is presented to the Parliament every year. Article 112(2) provides that the estimate of expenditure embodied in this annual financial Budget, shall show separately. This Annual Financial Statement comprises the main budget document of the government.
    Whilst the budget document relates to the receipts and expenditures of the government for a particular fiscal year, the effect of it will be there in the following years.

    •There is an obligation to have two accounts that are associated with the current financial year and are incorporated in the revenue account which is also known as revenue budget.
    • Those that concern the assets and liabilities of the government into the capital account are known as the capital budget.
    • In order to comprehend the accounts, it is significant to understand the aims of the government budget.

    The two basic elements of any budget are the revenues and expenses. In the case of the government, revenues are derived primarily from taxes. Government expenses include spending on current goods and services, which economists call government consumption; government investment expenditures such as infrastructure investment or research expenditure; and transfer payments like unemployment or retirement benefits.The government may need to correct fluctuations in income and employment.
    The overall level of employment and prices in the economy depends upon the
    level of aggregate demand which depends on the spending decisions of millions
    of private economic agents apart from the government. These decisions, in turn,
    depend on many factors such as income and credit availability. In any period,
    the level of demand may not be sufficient for full utilisation of labour and other
    resources of the economy. Since wages and prices do not fall below a level,
    employment cannot be brought back to the earlier level automatically. The
    government needs to intervene to raise the aggregate demand. On the other hand, there may be times when demand exceeds available output under conditions of high employment and thus may give rise to inflation. In such situations, restrictive conditions may be needed to reduce demand.

    Key skills one should learn.

    Learning new skills is a habit that helps in career, profession, business, and daily life. It can be a technological skill, business management, resume writing, designing, marketing, advertising skills or basic computer skills. Consistent learning and skills development is important for everyone. It’s not only important for students, job seekers, professionals but also important for housewives, seniors citizens and leaders of various field.

    Learning means, one self is practicing existing skills, experimenting with new imaginations, reading from books, learning from the internet, doing online and offline courses, learning by observing others, learning from failures and success of others and learning from the problems that you’re facing. Learning new skills is like watering a plant. Its connect to growth. And to grow in business, career and a student it’s important to learn new skills. So that you will become fruitful for companies, people and nation.

    Some of the key soft skills are.

    Communication skills

    Communication skills are the most common and frequently used professional skills in our life. You use communication skills to give and receive different kinds of information, and it helps you to understand and be understood by others while communicating. These skills may include sharing ideas with others, actively listening to conversations, responding, and public speaking.

    Teamwork skills

    Teamwork skills are the qualities and abilities that allow you to work with a group of people during conversations, projects, meetings or other collaborations to achieve a common goal. Your teamwork skills are dependent on your ability to communicate well, actively listen and be responsible and honest. 

    Time management

    Time management is the process of organising, planning, and dividing your time between specific activities. Good time management skills enable you to work smarter, not harder. If you work smartly, you will get more done in less time, even when time is tight and pressures are high. Failing to manage your time while performing a task will damage your effectiveness and cause stress. 

    Creative Thinking

    Creative thinking means your ability to use the imagination to generate new ideas or ability to think about a task or a problem in a new or different way. Creative thinkers look at things from a unique perspective which is invisible to others. They can find patterns and make connections to find opportunities in complex systems. If you are a creative thinker, it will assist you to solve complex problems or find interesting ways to approach tasks.

    Interpersonal skills

    Interpersonal skills are the traits you rely on when you are interacting and communicating with others. These skills often indicate your ability to communicate and build relationships with others. Interpersonal skills are often called people skills. Because they combine both your innate personality characteristics and how you’ve learned to handle certain social situations. If you use interpersonal skills effectively, these skills can help you during the job interview process and can also have a positive impact on your career advancement.

    Leadership skills

    Leadership skills are those skills you often use when organizing other people to reach a shared goal or complete a task. It doesn’t matter if you are in a management position or leading a project, leadership skills require you to motivate others to complete a series of tasks before the deadline.

    Some of the professional skills, one should learn are.

    Graphics Designing

    Graphic design is the art of making visual content to communicate messages. Designers apply different page layout methods and visual hierarchy by using letters and pictures to meet the need of end-users. Most companies use graphic design to sell their product or services and to convey complicated information by using infographics.

    Web Development

    It refers to developing and maintaining web pages, including bits and pieces of concepts like web design, web programming, web publishing, and database management. Further, it includes various types of web development tools and techniques such as text editors for manually coding the websites, Dreamweaver for developing a web page, using a blogging website to update blogs, and more. Having web development language skills will help candidates stand out from the rest. Prominent web developer skills include understanding HTML, design skills, and analytical knowledge.

    Animation Designer

    Animation design requires a balance of computer software and creativity skills to create animating graphics for an array of industries, including film, television, and marketing. Animation design is the act of creating visual effects and animations for a variety of multimedia, including video games, videos, and digital assets like websites and apps. These effects and animations can be 2D or 3D (CGI) and range from a simple loading icon that indicates something is happening behind the scenes to a full-scale animated video. 

    Audio and Video editing

    Knowing how to alter video and audio files can be a useful skill, especially for jobs in marketing and entertainment. This capability often requires expertise in editing software, which allows you to manipulate individual clips or add special effects. 

    Search Engine Optimization

    Search engine optimization (SEO) is a digital marketing strategy that allows companies to improve their website content so it might appear higher on the first page of a search engine’s results. This may involve using best technical practices to compose text, select image formats and include links that connect between two separate pages on a website.

    Key skills one should learn.

    Learning new skills is a habit that helps in career, profession, business, and daily life. It can be a technological skill, business management, resume writing, designing, marketing, advertising skills or basic computer skills. Consistent learning and skills development is important for everyone. It’s not only important for students, job seekers, professionals but also important for housewives, seniors citizens and leaders of various field.

    Learning means, one self is practicing existing skills, experimenting with new imaginations, reading from books, learning from the internet, doing online and offline courses, learning by observing others, learning from failures and success of others and learning from the problems that you’re facing. Learning new skills is like watering a plant. Its connect to growth. And to grow in business, career and a student it’s important to learn new skills. So that you will become fruitful for companies, people and nation.

    Some of the key soft skills are.

    Communication skills

    Communication skills are the most common and frequently used professional skills in our life. You use communication skills to give and receive different kinds of information, and it helps you to understand and be understood by others while communicating. These skills may include sharing ideas with others, actively listening to conversations, responding, and public speaking.

    Teamwork skills

    Teamwork skills are the qualities and abilities that allow you to work with a group of people during conversations, projects, meetings or other collaborations to achieve a common goal. Your teamwork skills are dependent on your ability to communicate well, actively listen and be responsible and honest. 

    Time management

    Time management is the process of organising, planning, and dividing your time between specific activities. Good time management skills enable you to work smarter, not harder. If you work smartly, you will get more done in less time, even when time is tight and pressures are high. Failing to manage your time while performing a task will damage your effectiveness and cause stress. 

    Creative Thinking

    Creative thinking means your ability to use the imagination to generate new ideas or ability to think about a task or a problem in a new or different way. Creative thinkers look at things from a unique perspective which is invisible to others. They can find patterns and make connections to find opportunities in complex systems. If you are a creative thinker, it will assist you to solve complex problems or find interesting ways to approach tasks.

    Interpersonal skills

    Interpersonal skills are the traits you rely on when you are interacting and communicating with others. These skills often indicate your ability to communicate and build relationships with others. Interpersonal skills are often called people skills. Because they combine both your innate personality characteristics and how you’ve learned to handle certain social situations. If you use interpersonal skills effectively, these skills can help you during the job interview process and can also have a positive impact on your career advancement.

    Leadership skills

    Leadership skills are those skills you often use when organizing other people to reach a shared goal or complete a task. It doesn’t matter if you are in a management position or leading a project, leadership skills require you to motivate others to complete a series of tasks before the deadline.

    Some of the professional skills, one should learn are.

    Graphics Designing

    Graphic design is the art of making visual content to communicate messages. Designers apply different page layout methods and visual hierarchy by using letters and pictures to meet the need of end-users. Most companies use graphic design to sell their product or services and to convey complicated information by using infographics.

    Web Development

    It refers to developing and maintaining web pages, including bits and pieces of concepts like web design, web programming, web publishing, and database management. Further, it includes various types of web development tools and techniques such as text editors for manually coding the websites, Dreamweaver for developing a web page, using a blogging website to update blogs, and more. Having web development language skills will help candidates stand out from the rest. Prominent web developer skills include understanding HTML, design skills, and analytical knowledge.

    Animation Designer

    Animation design requires a balance of computer software and creativity skills to create animating graphics for an array of industries, including film, television, and marketing. Animation design is the act of creating visual effects and animations for a variety of multimedia, including video games, videos, and digital assets like websites and apps. These effects and animations can be 2D or 3D (CGI) and range from a simple loading icon that indicates something is happening behind the scenes to a full-scale animated video. 

    Audio and Video editing

    Knowing how to alter video and audio files can be a useful skill, especially for jobs in marketing and entertainment. This capability often requires expertise in editing software, which allows you to manipulate individual clips or add special effects. 

    Search Engine Optimization

    Search engine optimization (SEO) is a digital marketing strategy that allows companies to improve their website content so it might appear higher on the first page of a search engine’s results. This may involve using best technical practices to compose text, select image formats and include links that connect between two separate pages on a website.

    Adoption Under Hindu Law

     Adoption Under Hindu Law

    The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance act:


    The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act was enacted in India in 1956 as part of the Hindu Code Bills. The other legislations enacted during this time include the Hindu Marriage Act (1955), the Hindu Succession Act (1956), and the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act (1956). All of these acts were put forth under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and were meant to codify and standardize the current Hindu legal tradition. The Adoptions and Maintenance Act of 1956 dealt specifically with the legal process of adopting children by a Hindu adult, and with the legal obligations of a Hindu to provide “maintenance” to various family members including their wives or parents, and in-laws.


    Application of this act:


    This act applies to Hindus and all those considered under the umbrella term of Hindus, which includes a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or development; a Buddhist, Jain, or Sikh; a child legitimate or illegitimate whose parents are Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs; a child legitimate or illegitimate one of whose parents are Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs and has been so brought up; an abandoned child, legitimate or illegitimate of unknown parentage brought up as a Hindu, Buddhist, etc.; and a convert to the Hindu, Buddhist, Jain or Sikh religion.


    Persons who are Muslims, Christians, Parsis, or Jews are excluded from this definition. The act does not also apply to adoptions that took place before the date of enactment. However, it does apply to any marriage that has taken place before or after the Act had come into force. Moreover, if the wife is not a Hindu then the husband is not bound to provide maintenance for her under this Act under modern Hindu Law.


    Who can adopt?


    Under this act only Hindus may adopt subject to their fulfillment of certain criteria:


     The first of these asserts that the adopter has the legal right to (under this Act that would mean they are a Hindu). They have to have the capacity to be able to provide for the adopted child. Thirdly the child must be capable of being adopted. Lastly, compliance with all other specifications must be met to make the adoption valid.


    Men can adopt if they have the consent of their wives or all of their wives. The only way of getting around obtaining the permission of the wife or the wives is if she or if they are unsound if they have died if they have completely and finally renounced the world, and if they have ceased to be a Hindu. Unmarried men can adopt as well as long as they are not a minor. However, if a man were to adopt a daughter, the man must be twenty-one years of age or older.


    Only unmarried Hindu women can legally adopt a child. A married woman can only give her consent to adoption by her husband. A married woman whose husband adopts a child is to be considered the mother. If the child is adopted and more than one wife is living in the household, then the senior wife is classified as the legal mother of the adopted child.


    Who can be adopted?


    The adopted child can be either male or female. The adopted child must fall under the Hindu category. The adoptee also needs to be unmarried. The child cannot be the age of fifteen or older unless again it is custom or the usage applies to the involved parties. Adoption can only occur if there is not a child of the same sex of the adopted child still residing in the home. 


    Legal implications for an adopted child


    From the date of the adoption, the child is under the legal guardianship of the new adopted parent(s) and thus should enjoy all the benefits from those family ties. This also means that this child, therefore, is cut off from all legal benefits (property, inheritance, etc.) from the family who had given him or her up for adoption

    The Difference Between White Hat SEO And Black Hat SEO

     The search engine optimization (SEO) is a good way to promote your blog on Google search results and other search engines. For those who don’t understand how SEO works, here you can find several SEO articles that might help you, but we need to be also aware of the good and bad SEO techniques that could have a direct impact on our ranking.

    This article will shed some light on the terms known as black hat and white hat SEO and we will get to know what’s good and what is not when we optimize our website and its content.

    black hat and white hat seo

    What is Black Hat SEO?

    From the ‘SEO dictionary’, the term black hat SEO has to do with the abusive techniques that will force the search engines to look at a specific site and rank it. This might work at first, but the algorithms can already see some of these techniques that have become common for a fast result.

    Such practices to trick the search engines are, for example, the excessive use of keywords, especially in headings and subheadings; transparent keywords to the user or the so-called hidden text, automatically generated content, pages redirecting automatically to other content and more.

    What is White Hat SEO?

    The white hat SEO has to do with the good techniques in the ‘eyes’ of the search engines. These are considered ethical techniques for the ranking, helping thus, the positioning of a website or blog. However, working on the white hat is a process that requires dedication and results may take longer to appear (this is why so many people opt for black hat in order to ‘try’ something more ‘effective’) but the results could be much more safe and satisfactory on a long term.

    Keep in mind that Google has plenty of tricks up its sleeve to penalize anyone who doesn’t act in accordance with the policies and rules of their website – this includes removing your page from any of the positions. Fair enough, after all, why Google would ‘reward’ somebody with the top spot if the site doesn’t provide good content for its users and at the same time, doesn’t meet the requirements of the algorithm?

    For those who are interested and want to get to the top of Google search results, visit the webmaster guidelines page. There, you can find more information about how to create good content, how the design of your blog/site should be and how to work with your links. Also, you can find mentions about black hat SEO techniques.

    Key Skills for Professionals

     Key skills for Professionals

    Key skills are employability skills that you need for work and they are very important for life also. By developing these skills, you can improve the chances of a better job and better career. These play a great role in your CV also. You have better chances of selection for the job if you have better skills.


    Key skills are of two types:


    • Soft skills- Soft skills are personal qualities that show your personality trait such as leadership, communication, problem-solving, Work ethic, Interpersonal Skills, Leadership skills, Stress Management, Organizational skills, Analytical skills, etc.

    • Hard skills- Hard skills are based on the job you need to perform. They are related to specific technical knowledge and training like technical Skills, Presentation skills, Design skills, Data analysis skills, Writing Skills, Marketing skills, Project management skills, etc.

    Soft skills

    1. Communication skills

    Communication skills are the most common and frequently used professional skills in our life. You use communication skills to give and receive different kinds of information, and it helps you to understand and be understood by others while communicating. These skills may include sharing ideas with others, actively listening to conversations, responding, and public speaking.

    2. Teamwork skills

    Teamwork skills are the qualities and abilities that allow you to work with a group of people during conversations, projects, meetings, or other collaborations to achieve a common goal. Your teamwork skills are dependent on your ability to communicate well, actively listen and be responsible and honest. 

    3. Time management

    Time management is the process of organizing, planning, and dividing your time between specific activities. Good time management skills enable you to work smarter, not harder. If you work smartly, you will get more done in less time, even when time is tight and pressures are high. Failing to manage your time while performing a task will damage your effectiveness and cause stress.

    4. Problem-solving skills

    Problem-solving skills help you determine the source of the problem and find effective solutions and will advance your professional skills. Companies rely on people who can assess both types of situations and quietly identify solutions. Problem-solving skills are valued by employers in any job and are extremely useful in other areas of life such as relationship building and day-to-day decision-making.

    5. Creativity

    Creative thinking means your ability to use the imagination to generate new ideas or the ability to think about a task or a problem in a new or different way. Creative thinkers look at things from a unique perspective that is invisible to others. They can find patterns and make connections to find opportunities in complex systems. If you are a creative thinker, it will assist you to solve complex problems or find interesting ways to approach tasks.

    Hard Skills

    1. Technical Skills

    Technical skills include specialized knowledge and expertise in fields such as IT, engineering, or science. Typical technical skills are abilities to use specialized software or equipment.

    2. Presentation skills

    If you want to deliver effective and engaging presentations to a variety of audiences, you need to have good presentation skills. It includes interaction with the audience, transmitting messages with clarity, engaging the audience in presentation, etc.

    3. Design skills

    The design industry is growing nowadays. As a designer, you can bring out your creative side with interesting visuals and graphics. There is no limit to what a designer can illustrate with their unique skill. If you want to be self-employed and work as a freelancer, you should learn how to design, and it is an excellent skill to have.

    4. Data Analysis Skills

    Data analysis is the process of retrieving, organizing, and analyzing information to help a company to improve production, efficiency, or other valuable aspect of the business’s operations. Data analysts generally work in all industries, from retail to academia. They have to collect their data. From the collected data they create reports that summarize patterns and offer solutions to their customers in the form of updated systems, procedures, or protocols.

    5. Writing skills

    Writing is one of the important skills that is used in almost every organization. Effective written content help to influence the reader. These skills are also used in technical and scientific jobs, to write emails, documents, etc.


    Thus, we came through various key skills that are useful to work effectively. If you want to get the job you should work on improving your skill whether it is soft skills or hard skills.

    Top 10 professional skills a person should have

     Professional skills 

    What are professional skills ?

    Professional skills are important to succeed in your career. They are the soft skills a person should have when he or she is contributing towards their company . This skills are not specific to any job but those who knows this skills and understand them they will be more beneficial in their future.

    Soft skills such communication, leadership, time management and way of talking, can also help professionals work with the people around them and help them manage tasks.

    Top 10 professional skills a person should have 

    1. Leadership skills – 

    Those who is having leadership quality in them will be more succeed in their life. They should know how to manage people, how to motivate them , how to help others with their work. Many things contribute in the leadership skills . For managers and supervisors, leadership may also involve knowing when and how to delegate tasks and adjusting your management style according to the personality and working style of each employee.

    2. Teamwork skills – 

    As we know Teamwork skills is important for any company to work efficiently. It’s important for professionals to be able to work effectively as part of a team , which means completing your own tasks while remaining aware of your colleagues abilities and need .

    3. Organisation skills – 

    You should know how to organise a thing in effective manner so you can complete your task in given timeline. For completing a task every employee has different timeline and different type of task so they work according to their task but always remember you should complete your task in given timeline then only it make sure that you are having organisation skills .
    It’s also important that you’re able to prioritise tasks and complete them in an appropriate order, starting with the most important.

    4. Communication skills – 

    Everyday we communicate with eachother so having communication skills is soo important . If you are not having communication skills then you are lacking in skills . Communication skills include the ability to adapt your delivery or tone of voice to the task at hand . For example, if you are a manager in a company then you should know how to communicate with your employees and if you are employee then you should Kno how to communicate with your manager these things always affect the person mindset.

    5. Problem – solving skills –

    Every company has their own problems as they work on different purposes so manager always look on those employees who is having problem solving skills on them . 
    Imagine a company having some problem related to their sales but you don’t know what to do for inhance their sales then manager will not appreciate you they just criticize you for not knowing the things and not having any problem solving skills .
    So it’s important to have this skills .

    6. Emotional intelligence – 

    Emotional intelligence refers to how we express our feelings, relate to other people and interpret their actions or behaviours. People with emotional intelligence are good at understanding how others feel based on their actions, speech , body language or behaviours. 
    If manager understand what employee feels and employees understand what manager feels then it easy to work together in the same company. 

    7. Adaptability – 

    Adaptability is the quality to adapt the situation whether it is comfortable to them or not . Manager is always looking for the team members who are flexible and able to adapt their work and behaviours to the situation at hand .
    If employee adapt the situation and work accordingly it will surely beneficial to the company as well as for the employee also as employee will get appreciation from the manager.

    8. Negotiation and persuasion – 

    These skills involve the ability to listen to the other person’s perspective and come up with valid compromises that allow both parties to get what they want and feel positive about it . If a person having negotiation skills it will surely help him to make friendly environment in the surroundings. As every company has their own rules and regulations and they don’t want to change it so negotiation will help to come up with a solution which help both the parties having equal value and benefit.

    9. Ability to work under pressure – 

    Well not everyone having the ability to work under pressure they get frustrated easily which is not good for the company’s environment. Employee should keeping calm and work with the greater extend to get the result . Employers understand everyone gets stressed from time to time , but knowing that you will be able to remain calm and continue working even in high stress situations can give them confidence in your ability, making this is an important professional skill to develop.

    10. Confidence – 

    Professionals who are confident with their work always get success in their hand . Having confidence in your work not only help you to perform better, but it can also help convince your managers or supervisors of your capabilities and may lead to opportunities for advanced in the future.

    Everything everything

     Everything Everything by Nicola Yoon 


    Welcome to Maady’s world


    Nicola Yoon debut novel Everything everything is one of the New York bestseller of all times. The book was published in 2015.The character Madeline Whittier is one of the coolest life that one could read. She is a teenager who is unable to go outdoors due to her illness. It is a bubble boy syndrome. The daring and risking life that one lead amidst the challenges and risks one faces is beautiful woven in the book. The book is mostly preferred for youth and adults alike. The book is also adapted to film. The innermost feelings of each character is revealed in the book. The formation of different bonds that she formed in her life. The beautiful life of a daughter and her loving mother. Her life was changed by the arrival of Olly. New bonds and her life shifts to a new turn.

    Sacrifice, resistance, love and daring acts are spilled through out. New adventures and journeys embark in herself. The quote which one like from the work “Life is a gift” and “They said it wasn’t worth my life, but I said that it was my life, and it was up to me to decide what it was worth.” The new finding about herself. Will her life turn upside down?. Will she able to survive amidst all these? Madeline always wished for a magical cure. Will a magic wand change her? “ The house trembles and my books  vibrate on the shelves…Doors open and close…It’s happening again.” The rating of the book is 4.6 . To know more. Take the book..

     Happy Reading…

    Nancy Tirthani

     

    1.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/28/upcoming-car-in-august-2022-which-5-luxurious-cars/

    2.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/21/commonwealth-games-2022-pm-modi-will-hold-talks-with-the-indian-team-going-to-participate-in-commonwealth-games-today-will-give-victory-mantra/

    3.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/18/two-smartphones-of-oppo-will-be-launched-today-will-get-80w-super-fast-charging-50-will-be-charged-in-15-minutes-know-details/

    4.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/16/shabaash-mithu-vs-hit-box-office-rajkummar-rao-is-a-hit-ahead-of-taapsee-pannus-balle-know-the-first-day-earnings-of-both-the-films/

    5.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/15/netflixs-cheapest-plan-is-coming-soon-join-hands-with-microsoft/

    6.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/14/12u2-summit-2022-i2u2-meeting-today-modi-biden-attends-virtually-the-eyes-of-the-world-on-the-meeting/

    7.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/13/icc-odi-rankings-india-rewarded-after-spectacular-win-over-england-leaves-pakistan-behind/

    8.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/12/ind-vs-eng-shikhar-dhawan-return-india-playing-eleven-could-be-against-england-in-first-odi/

    9.     https://eduindex.org/2022/07/11/thor-box-office-collection-khuda-hafiz-2-was-blown-away-in-the-storm-of-this-hollywood-movie-thor-earned-so-many-crores-in-4-days/

    10.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/08/ind-vs-eng-rohit-sharma-made-history-becoming-the-first-captain-in-the-world-to-win-as-many-matches-in-t20i-cricket/

    11.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/07/free-youtube-premium-subscription-free-for-12-months/

    12.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/06/world-test-championship-pakistan-had-a-huge-advantage-by-losing-the-indian-team-do-you-know-why-that-happened/

    13.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/05/rishabh-pant-breaks-72-year-old-record-to-become-top-foreign-wicketkeeper-in-a-test-on-english-soil-2/

    14.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/04/the-former-england-captains-prediction-about-virat-kohli-came-true-it-happened-as-he-said/

    15.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/02/neeraj-has-confident-of-throwing-90-meters/

    16.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/02/head-and-lyon-lead-australia-to-10-wicket-win/

    17.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/01/cryptocurrency-a-clear-threat/

    18.  https://eduindex.org/2022/07/01/sindhu-pranay-in-quarterfinals/

    19.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/30/neeraj-is-the-medal-contender-in-diamond-league/

    20.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/30/no-one-in-the-title-character-is-dunki-taapsee/

    21.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/29/team-india-will-travel-to-new-zealand-after-the-t20-world-championship/

    22.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/29/the-beginning-of-the-era-of-akash-at-reliance-geo/

    23.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/28/ranbir-alia-are-going-to-be-parents/

    24.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/28/jugjug-jio-earned-36-93-crores-in-the-first-weekend/

    25.  https://eduindex.org/2022/06/27/indian-captain-rohit-sharma-has-tested-positive-for-covid-19/

    26.  https://eduindex.org/?p=94184

    1. https://eduindex.org/?p=94166
    2. https://eduindex.org/?p=94151
    3. https://eduindex.org/?p=94149
    4. https://eduindex.org/?p=94139

     

     

    Manoswee Parineeta

     Articles are written by Manoswee Parineeta

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    https://training4scholars.wordpress.com/2022/07/16/education-system-in-india/

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    Reasons to consider Darjeeling as your next travel destination

    If you
    are someone who is an adrenaline junkie but also loves to relax in the perfect
    weather with a nice cup of tea then Darjeeling is the tourist destination
    you’re looking for. Darjeeling is a beautiful place located in the northern
    region of west Bengal and surrounded by the serene views of mount Kanchenjunga.
    It is located at an average height of 6709 ft. to reach here, the nearest
    airport is in Bagdogra and if you want to enjoy a train journey the nearest
    railway is in New Jalpaiguri. It further takes 3 hours from both these
    locations by car.

     

    5 reasons to visit Darjeeling:- 

     

    Not only famous for its steaming hot cup of tea, here are
    5 reasons to visit Darjeeling;-

     

    1) The views of the Himalayas:- 

     

    The rain, the cloudy skies, and the awesome weather during
    the monsoon are a major attraction for photographers and people who just want
    to get a good picture with nature for their Instagram page. The breathtaking
    sunrise and the stunning view of the snow-capped tiger hills is a place you
    must visit if you plan of visiting.

     

    2) The Tea:- 

     

    A trip to the Darjeeling without trying out its
    world-famous tea will surely be incomplete. The tea is served black with no
    sugar and milk so that you can get a truly authentic taste of the notes of
    apricot and toasted nuts present in it. After enjoying the full aroma of the
    tea you can even get a tour of the tea factory and its plantations and if you
    reach there early in the morning you can get lucky enough to see the tea
    pickers in action. Make sure to take a long walk through the tea terraces to
    really enjoy the morning weather.

     

    3) The food:- 

     

    Being a border town has its own advantages for Darjeeling
    as it has the cuisine of all the places it shares its borders with. You can
    have samba-dosa with coconut chutney while enjoying the views of the mountains.
    For people looking for something different, you can have Tibetan thukpa which
    is a soup made with meat, broth, and some noodles. Another delicacy to try is
    the plump momos which are dumplings filled with meat or vegetables and to end
    it all the yak butter tea.

     

    4) The Trek:- 

     

    Now, for all the trek lovers out there, Darjeeling has
    some of the most famous trekking routes in the world. If you are courageous
    enough you can cover Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, and Makalu all in a single stretch. For
    the people who want to get the experience but want to avoid going on a long
    journey, Darjeeling still has a lot of trek routes to offer. On a walk through
    the forest, you can see a large variety of trees like oaks, chestnuts, and
    ferns. Darjeeling is also known to have over 400 species of birds which is
    great news for people who want to bird watching. if you are lucky enough you
    might be able to spot a red panda while on the trek.

     

    5) The Zoo and Mountaineering Institute:-

     

    The Darjeeling zoo is a center for a lot of endangered
    Himalayan species and also has international awards for breeding rare species.
    The endangered red panda and the snow leopards are the main attractions at this
    zoo. The mountaineering institute and the zoo are right next to each other.

     

    Purusharthas

    The Purusharthas are the psycho moral bases of the Ashrama Theory. These are a kind of psychological training. They are concerned with the understanding, justification, management and conduct of affairs of the individual’s life in relation to the group in and through Ashramas. They are four Purusharthas that govern the human life, namely; Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha.

    Dharma:

    • It is the central concept of all social institutions.
    • Derived from Sanskrit word ‘dhri’ meaning ‘to hold together/ to preserve/ to support/ to bear/ to nourish.
    • Dharma is created for the well being of all and is created to keep all beings free from any harm.
    • The comprehensive view of Dharma holds “Dharma Rakshati Rakshita” which means he who follows Dharma is protected in turn by Dharma.
    • Dharma regulates the acquisitive and emotional drives the enjoyment of life consistent with man’s spiritual progress.
    • Dharma signifies the totality/ entirety of privileges and obligations in different stages of life.
    • Dharma exists more essentially for community and most of all for that universal self which is in each of us and all beings.

    Artha:

    • Artha refers to satisfaction of acquisitive instinct in man, i.e., wealth and material being.
    • Artha according to Zimmer includes “the whole range of objects that can be possessed, enjoined and lost and that are in daily life.”
    • The pursuit of wealth is a legitimate human desire.
    • The acceptance of sex drives, emotional urges and economic drives as necessary and even desirable, never undermines the supreme goal of life.
    • Artha is to be understood as referring to all the means necessary for acquiring worldly prosperity, such as wealth or power.
    • Artha is desirable because man has to maintain the Dharma as a householder and therefore temporal interests were allowed for the smooth running of day to day life.

    Kama:

    • Kama implies the desires in man for the enjoyment and satisfaction of the life of the senses, including the sex drive.
    • The desire may also mean the desire for early possession.
    • According to Prabhu, “Kama refers to the native impulses, instincts and desires of man, his natural and mental tendencies and finds it equivalent, we may say, in the use of English words- desires, needs, primary motives, urges and drives.“
    • Kama is recognized as one of the aims of marriage along with “dharma” and “praja”.
    • Kama is given lowest importance among the valuable ends of marriage, because sex finds its meaning I procreation (praja).
    • Kapadia holds the view that ” Kama doesn’t mean only instinctive life, it means emotional and aesthetic life as well.”
    • The aesthetic life in man expresses itself in both creation and appreciation of all that is fine and sublime.
    • The healthy development of personality calls for the expression of the emotions.

    Moksha:

    • Moksha is seen as the ultimate end of the life of Hindu or can be said as the liberation of soul.
    • According to K. M. Kapadia, ” Moksha means that the true nature of man is to unfold it and derive thereby the meaning of joy of it.”
    • The aim of man is the purification and perfection of ‘Atman’ by pious acts and devotion to God.
    • Moksha can be attained possibly by inquiry into the true nature of the ‘Atman’ and by founding the whole life of power and truth of the “Atman”.
    • The trivarga becomes the means for the attainment of that end.
    • The Hindu thinkers do not consider ‘artha’ and ‘kama’ as barriers in the way of man’s striving for realization of ‘moksha’.
    • They have recommended the fulfilment of such urges for the healthy development of man’s personality.
    • The goal of Moksha does not possess the narrow individual outlook for the Hindu nod it is to be pursued exclusively and directly by an individual unless and until he has duly satisfied all his social debts and obligations.

    Millets: Future Superfood

    Millets are one of the oldest food known to mankind.These are group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food.

    Types of millet: Sorghum (jowar), Pearl millet (bajra), Foxtail millet (kangni), Finger millet (ragi), Barnyard millet, Kodo millet, Little Millet, Proso Millet are amongst the healthiest millet grains available.

    Nutritional value: They are good sources of proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fibre and essential amino acids.

    Millets have 65% carbohydrates, 9% proteins, 3% fat, and 2-7% crude fibre.

    They are rich in various vitamins such as vitamin A, C and B-complex vitamins and minerals such as magnesium, manganese, phosphorus and also iron.

    Major producers include Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Haryana.

    Significance: Release of 13 High Yielding varieties including 4 bio-fortified varieties of millets. declaring 2023 as International Year of Millets (IYOM).

    This proposal of India was supported by 72 countries and United Nation’s General Assembly (UNGA) declared 2023 as International Year of Millets on 5th March,2021.

    Photo by Deep Malik on Pexels.com

    Millets are climate resilient crop as they can be grown in rainfed area and are resistant to climatic stress, pest and disease as well. So it plays major role in sustainable agriculture.

    People possess a perception of millet being poor man food but owing to it’s nutritional value it is rich in dietary fibres, amino acid, calcium, zinc, folate and various nutrients. It can even be easily consumed by diabetic people as it possess low glycemic index. Nowadays, being consumed by many more people it helps to provide food security.

    They even provide economic security to farmers growing millet in dry, low fertile, rainfed area as it requires less investment and involves less cost of cultivation.

    Initiatives are taken by government to promote millet production by farmers as they promote sustainable agriculture as well as generate employment opportunities by promoting value addition of millets.

    HELEN OF TROY

    HELEN OF TROY is a character in Homer’s classic epic poem, the “Iliad”,written in the 8th century about the the Trojan War, imagined by the Greeks to have occurred about 500 years earlier.


    She was the most beautiful woman in the ancient Greek world, the daughter of the king of the Greek gods,Zeus, and the cause of the 10-year Trojan War between Troy and Sparta.


    Her story is one of the most dramatic love stories of all time and is said to be one of the main reasons for a 10-year war between the Greeks and Trojans, known as the Trojan War.
    In the “Iliad,” Helen’s name is a battle cry, but her story is not told in detail: the “Iliad” is chiefly a man’s story of the conflicting passions and struggles of men on opposing sides of a great battle. The Trojan War was central to the early history of ancient Greece. Details of Helen’s story are provided in a group of poems known as the “epic cycle” or the “Trojan War Cycle,” written in the centuries after Homer.
    The legendary beauty of Helen attracted men from afar and also those close to home who saw her as a means to the Spartan throne. The first likely mate of Helen was Theseus, the hero of Athens who kidnapped Helen when she was still young.
    Later Menelaus, brother of the Mycenaean King Agamemnon, married Helen. Agamemnon and Menelaus were sons of King Atreus of Mycenae and were therefore referred to as Atrides. Agamemnon married the sister of Helen, Clytemnestra, and became king of Mycenae after expelling his uncle.
    The most famous mate of Helen was Paris of Troy. Paris (also known as Alexander or Alexandros) was the son of King Priam of Troy and his queen, Hecuba, but he was rejected at birth and raised as a shepherd on Mount Ida.
    While Paris was living the life of a shepherd,the three goddesses , Hera , Aphrodite , and Athena , appeared and asked him to award the “fairest” of them the golden apple that Discord had promised one of them. Each goddess offered Paris a bribe.
    Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty had offered Paris the most beautiful woman on earth for his bride. That woman was Helen. Unfortunately, Helen was taken. She was the bride of the Spartan king Menelaus.
    The love between Menelaus and Helen is unclear. In the end, they may have been reconciled, but meanwhile, when Paris came to the court of Menelaus as a guest, he may have aroused unaccustomed desire in Helen, since in the “Iliad,” Helen takes some responsibility for her abduction.
    Menelaus received and extended hospitality to Paris. Then, when Menelaus discovered that Paris had taken off for Troy with Helen and other prized possessions Helen may have considered part of her dowry, he was enraged at this violation of the laws of hospitality. Paris offered to return the stolen possessions, even though he was unwilling to return Helen, but Menelaus wanted Helen, too.
    But he wasn’t the last one. After Paris was killed , his brother Deiphobus married Helen. After Deiphobus , the son of Peleus, Achilles , married Helen.And perhaps Helen married five more other.
    According to Laurie Macgurie , writing in “Helen of Troy From Homer to Hollywood”,Helen had 11 men as a husbands in the ancient literature.
    But he wasn’t the last one. After Paris was killed , his brother Deiphobus married Helen. After Deiphobus , the son of Peleus, Achilles , married Helen.And perhaps Helen married five more other.
    According to Laurie Macgurie , writing in “Helen of Troy From Homer to Hollywood”,Helen had 11 men as a husbands in the ancient literature.