CLGF Annual Board in Colombo, Sri Lanka

 Additional Secretary, Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar represented India at the three – day meeting of CLGF Annual Board in Colombo, Sri Lanka during 25th – 27th June 2024. The conference facilitated regional exchange and priority setting for ongoing initiatives in Commonwealth Asia. It also guided the future work of CLGF’s Commonwealth Women in Local Government Network. On 25th June 2024, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, Shri Dinesh Gunawardena inaugurated CLGF’s Commonwealth Women in Local Government Network South Asia Regional Meeting on “Reinforcing Social Resilience through Women’s Political Representation”.

 

Addressing the CLGF conference, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar requested to host the next CLGF meeting in India, the largest member country of the Commonwealth. This initiative aims to promote and strengthen democratic local governments across the Commonwealth and foster the exchange of best practices.

Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar shared insights and views during the session on “International Experience: Cases from the Commonwealth – Economic and Spatial Inclusion.” He highlighted the key role of India’s approximately 2.6 lakh Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in covering 60% of the population and contributing significantly to the GDP during the CLGF Conference on “Reinforcing Social Resilience through Women’s Political representation” in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Emphasizing women’s crucial roles in development, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar noted that women constitute 48% of the rural population with a labour force participation rate of 41.5% in 2022–23. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment mandates the devolution of powers to Panchayats, including “Women and Child Development,” to enhance local governance.

Additional Secretary, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar emphasized that India takes pride in being a global leader in gender representation at the grassroots level, with 46% of local body positions held by women in Panchayati Raj Institutions/ Rural Local Bodies, compared to the global average of 36%. He highlighted that significant representation of women in decision-making processes and women-led development is crucial for achieving the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Government of India supports women’s empowerment through various schemes, contributing a substantial amount towards education, health, economic empowerment, digital literacy, leadership skills, and security. As well, the Ministry’s e-Governance initiatives have made Panchayat representatives digitally proficient, with 90% of Gram Panchayats uploading online development plans and financial transactions.

 

Dr. Kumar also underlined the efforts of Ministry of Panchayati Raj in providing international exposure to Elected Women Representatives (EWRs) and adopting the Localization of SDGs (LSDGs) approach, including the “Women Friendly Panchayat” theme. He highlighted that the Ministry has provided opportunities and exposure for elected women leaders at international forums and events, such as “Localizing the SDGs: Women in Local Governance in India Lead the Way” on 3rd May, 2024, at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, and “Women Leaders as Change-makers: Gender Equality for Good Governance” in October 2019 at the United Nations.

Additional Secretary, Dr. Kumar mentioned that States and UTs, guided by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, have implemented measures such as reservation for women, participation programs, and training initiatives to enhance women’s roles in local governance. Under the Ministry’s guidance, 23 States and UTs have adopted 50% reservation for women, exceeding the Constitutional provision of 33% reservation in PRIs/ RLBs.

India has emerged as a global leader in gender representation at grassroots levels, with 46% representation in local bodies, surpassing the global average of 36%. Key factors for increased women’s participation in PRIs include constitutional provisions, socio-economic improvements, and government support through various women-oriented schemes. Dr. Kumar also highlighted the Ministry’s initiatives in digital empowerment and international exposure for women leaders, alongside the adoption of Localization of SDGs for women’s empowerment in local governance.

 

Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar discussed with colleagues from Commonwealth Local Government organizations from around the world at CLGF Annual Board Meeting in Colombo, exchanging insights and discussing strategies for enhancing local governance and community resilience. He reiterated India’s commitment to empower women and strengthen rural communities. The CLGF Forum brought together a diverse group of local government participants, including Ministries of Local Government, elected local mayors and leaders, permanent secretaries, officials from all spheres of government, academics and development partners.

Three women Sarpanch from Maharashtra – Smt. Archana Pawar (Kumbhari Gram Panchayat, Yavatmal District), Smt. Sharda Gaydhane (Bela Gram Panchayat, Bhandara District), and Smt. Kavita Ware (Kisal Gram Panchayat, Thane District) – along with Smt. Chandrika Rangani from Gujarat (Kanakpar Gram Panchayat, Kachchh District), also participated in the CLGF Conference in Colombo, Sri Lanka during 25 – 27 June, 2024, which aimed to review and ratify a Charter for Gender Equality for Local Government in South Asia.

The four Sarpanch presented their case studies, best practices and success stories. Training in digital and social media was conducted for Local Self-Government delegates during the ComWLG- Commonwealth Women in Local Government Network South Asia Meeting. This forum provided women with an opportunity to share their experiences as grassroots leaders, discuss challenges faced by women in local government, agree on actionable points to strengthen elected women and women’s rights, and build capacity in specific focus areas for local leaders.

 

Background of CLGF:

Since its establishment in 1995, the Commonwealth Local Government Forum (CLGF) has actively worked in Asia to support decentralization and reforms that empower local governments, improving governance and service delivery. CLGF is unique as a membership organization that unites Local Government, Ministries of Local Government, national associations of local government, and individual councils from the 56 Commonwealth countries. It also includes research, training, and professional organizations as members.

CLGF’s work focuses on promoting local democracy, sharing experiences and good practices, and capacity building to enhance policymaking, strengthen local government institutions, and improve service delivery and democratic processes at the local level. CLGF is dedicated to supporting women’s full and active participation in public life, especially in achieving equal representation in local governance, aligning with SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.

 

 

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New Criminal laws are for providing ‘justice’ in contrast to colonial legislations where focus was on ‘punishment’

 Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises organised a day-long programme here today on the theme of ‘Legal Reforms in the MSME Ecosystem’ of Udyami Bharat – MSME Day event. Speaking on the occasion Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Law & Justice, Shri Arjun Ram Meghwal structured his deliberation on three vital points. He emphasises the new Criminal laws are for providing ‘justice’ in contrast to colonial legislations where focus was on ‘punishment’. He observed that amendments in laws have been done with complete consultation with stakeholders. He said, firstly, it is important to understand that India has entered the era of Industry 4.0, tracing the history of evolution from Industry 1.0 to its present stage, he reiterated that the present era’s latest technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, 3D printing, Robotics and its effect on the legal parlance has to be understood while working on legal reforms in the Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises sector. Secondly, he underlined the growing importance of Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) and mediation in solving disputes. He asserted that having an amicable solution is the best solution for any legal issues and the Public Sector Enterprises could also benefit from such ADR mechanism of dispute resolution between parties. Thirdly, reinforcing on Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s vision, he said that 21st century is going to be India’s one and, in this context, India has the requisite potential to be the hub of Arbitration.

Delving into the theme of the conference Dr Rajiv Mani, Secretary, Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of law and Justice said that Institutional arbitration comes with the advantage of better streamlined faster disposal of issues and effective way to resolve legal issues. He asserted that the MSME sector is the backbone of the economy and then the lengthy dispute resolution in traditional legal system could be avoided if the parties wish to resolve their issues via Alternate Dispute resolution and mediation.

Union Minister for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi presided over ‘Udyami Bharat – MSME Day event. The Minister of State for MSME, Sushri Shobha Karandlaje along with other dignitaries highlighted the growing role of micro, small and medium enterprises in the growth of the economy.

 

The senior officials of Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Ministry of Law and Justice were also present on the occasion.

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PK/SB

National Consultation on Legal Environment Assessment for One Health Activities in India

  “India is ahead of several countries in drafting the legal framework to support and strengthen the implementation of the One Health initiative. This represents India’s advanced thought process and leadership, and showcases our vision in this area. A national consultation with multi partners and stakeholders is not only important but very timely. COVID 19 has forced us to re-focus our attention on the importance of zoonotic diseases and the intricate linkages between the human, animal and plan eco-systems.” This was stated by Dr. Vinod Paul, Member (Health), NITI Aayog as he inaugurated a two-day National Consultation on Legal Environment Assessment for “One Health” initiative, here today.

Shri Apurva Chandra, Secretary, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), Ms. Leena Nandan, Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), and Shri Rajiv Mani, Secretary, Ministry of Law & Justice were also present.

 

Dr. Vinod Paul stated that the issues of critical health challenges posed by zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), food safety, and climate change are interconnected and require a comprehensive, multi-sectoral approach to breaking down the silos between human health, animal health, and environmental sectors. He added that India has taken the lead in ensuring One Health goals that resonate with the Prime Minister’s vision of “One Earth, One Health” and “we are pushing frontiers for not just our nation but for the world”. Dr Paul said that in lined with the need of alignment of various frameworks, India has taken up framing of National Action Plan (NAP), 2.0 for addressing the issues raised due to Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), had conceptualised the One Health Mission, and working on the broader issues of climate change. He further stressed that to ensure the achievement of One Health goals, state engagement, alignment of Indian laws with international laws, and cross-sectoral response are required.

Highlighting that more than 75% of the diseases that affect humans are zoonotic diseases, Shri Apurva Chandra stated that the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare is committed to preventing and managing risks at the human-animal-plant interface through the One Health approach. “‘One Health’ is a multi-sector and multi-stakeholder initiative; collective and coordinated action needed for its success at the ground level”, he stated. He noted that under PM-ABHIM, states are being strengthened in surveillance, prevention and management of zoonotic and other diseases. He reiterated that India’s current legislative framework, with its separate laws for human health, animal health, and environmental protection, has some gaps and overlaps due to sectoral priorities. He also highlighted the importance of support from the line ministries and the States in implementing One Health goals.

In her address, Ms. Leena Nandan, Secretary (MoEFCC), stressed on the need for a commonality of approach among different ministries in ensuring the achievement of One Health goals. She assured that the Environment Ministry is committed to making necessary provisions under the existing Acts of wildlife and environment to ensure the health of human beings and the conservation and preservation of wild animals. She stated that the One Health initiative has been one of the main topics of discussion during the G20 under the One Earth, One Family, One Future umbrella. She emphasised on the need for capacity building of the on-ground functionaries and communities for successful implementation of the One Health initiative.

Shri Rajiv Mani re-iterated the support from the Ministry of Law and Justice to assist the stakeholders in making required amendments or changes in the existing laws and policy frameworks to align with the One Health principle and mandates of the country for the protection of the health of all species including animals and the climate.

The Centre for One Health, National Centre for Disease Control, and Directorate General of Health Services are organizing this two-day multi-stakeholder National Consultation on Legal Environment Assessment for One Health activities in India on 27-28th June 2024 at New Delhi. The consultation is being organized to brainstorm on the legal and policy perspectives on the core domains of One Health i.e., IHR, Biosafety & Security, Zoonoses, Anti-Microbial resistance, food-borne illness, and Climate change and Health, etc.  The ‘One Health’ approach, which integrates the health of people, animals and the environment, is crucial for addressing complex health challenges such as zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and food safety.

The National Consultation for Legal Environment Assessment for One Health Activities aims to:

1) Assess the current legal framework: Identify strengths, gaps, and overlaps in the existing laws and regulations that impact One Health activities.

2) Foster multi-sectoral dialogue: Bring together stakeholders from government, academia, industry, and civil society to discuss legal challenges and opportunities.

3) Develop actionable recommendations: Formulate concrete proposals to enhance the legal environment, ensuring it is conducive to the integrated One Health approach.

4) Promote inter-sectoral collaboration: Strengthen partnerships among sectors responsible for human, animal, and environmental health.

Prof. (Dr.) Atul Goel, DGHS & Director, NCDC, MoHFW, Ms. L.S. Changsan, Additional Secretary, Ms. Sarita Chauhan, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ms. Isabel Tschan, Resident Representative A.I. UNDP, Dr. Simmi Tiwari, nodal for One Health, NCDC and subject experts were also present on the occasion.

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CSIR-CIMFR Launches Two-Day Workshop on Gasification Challenges and Opportunities- “CARING-2024”

 Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CSIR-CIMFR) has commenced its two-day workshop, CARING-2024, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in coal gasification. This event, being held on June 26-27, 2024, at the CSIR-CIMFR Digwadih Campus, brings together industry leaders, researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders to explore the complexities and potential of gasification technology.

With over 75 participants from various organizations such as Coal India Limited (CIL), Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Jindal Steel and Power Limited (JSPL) Angul, Hindalco Industries, Thermax, and others from across India, the workshop is set to be a significant event in the field of gasification.

The workshop began with a formal opening ceremony featuring a welcome address by Dr. Arvind Kumar Mishra, Director of CSIR-CIMFR. In his speech, Dr. Mishra emphasized the importance of coal in the global energy mix and highlighted the potential of gasification for producing various value-added products such as methanol, chemicals, fertilizers (including ammonium nitrate), and liquid fuels.

Dr. Prakash D. Chavan, Head of Gasification at CSIR-CIMFR, outlined the objectives of the workshop and its relevance to the industry. He stressed the critical role of gasification in advancing sustainable energy solutions and fostering industrial growth.

The chief guest, Shri Anandji Prasad, Project Advisor from the Ministry of Coal, delivered an insightful inaugural address. He discussed the significant potential of gasification in India’s energy landscape and highlighted the government’s allocation of ₹8500 crore for incentivising the implementation of gasification projects. Shri Prasad underscored the importance of gasification technology in achieving India’s energy goals and enhancing energy security. He further emphasised on the focus of the Ministry of Coal on gasification and creating the ecosystem for realising the target of 100 MT coal gasification by 2030.

This workshop, under the CSIR One Week One Theme-Energy and Energy Devices Program, aims to foster collaboration, innovation, and knowledge sharing among participants. It provides a platform for stakeholders to discuss advancements, address challenges, and explore opportunities in gasification technology, ultimately contributing to India’s energy security and sustainability.

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National Workshop on Unleashing India’s Agribusiness Potential through Innovative Agri Value Chain Financing in New Delhi

 Department of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare (DA&FW) organized a workshop titled “Unleashing India’s Agribusiness potential through Innovative Agri Value Chain Financing” on 27th June 2024 in New Delhi. The event brought together senior officials of the Government of India and the State Government, experts, and stakeholders to discuss the dynamics of agricultural financing.

Reflecting on the importance of Agriculture Finance in the value chain, Manoj Ahuja, Secretary DA&FW, underscored the pressing need to transition from a production-centric approach to a demand-driven one. “To develop Agricultural Value Chains (AVCs) more holistically and integrate them with global markets, we must shift our focus from merely addressing supply shortages to meeting market demands,” he stated. Shri Ahuja emphasized the importance of implementing accountable and digital systems for effective AVC development and highlighted the need for a comprehensive policy framework to ensure financial inclusivity for all stakeholders.

Shri Ahuja further advocated introducing financial instruments like bill discounting, bridge financing, and risk-hedging to improve liquidity and economic stability. “Creating an enabling environment with simplified application processes and reduced bureaucratic hurdles is crucial for effectively implementing these instruments,” he added.

Dr. Vivek Joshi, Secretary Department of Financial Sservices, emphasized the critical role of Digital Financial Services in providing timely credit within the Agricultural Value Chain Financing (AVCF) framework, noting a significant increase in agricultural credit availability. “Our focus is on ensuring seamless and affordable access to credit to support farmers throughout the value chain,” he stated. He highlighted the significant role of NBFCs, fintech, and startups in providing last-mile credit access and specialized financial products, particularly in high-value agricultural markets.

The workshop focused on creating awareness, facilitating collaboration, exploring solutions, and empowering participants with innovative agricultural finance solutions. The workshop saw robust participation from academia, industry, financing agencies, facilitating agencies, and various government departments. It served as a crucial platform for collaboration and partnership-building, paving the way for transformative initiatives in India’s agricultural sector. It included high-level strategic discussions featuring notable speakers such as Prof. Ashok Gulati, a Distinguished Professor at ICRIER, who highlighted the importance of transitioning to a demand-driven approach in agriculture to improve farmer incomes, the need to focus on the nutrition aspect in the food chain and develop climate resilience in agriculture.

While welcoming the participants, Shri Ajeet Kumar Sahu, Joint Secretary (Credit), DA&FW, set the context at the beginning by highlighting the need for a holistic approach to Agricultural Value Chain Financing (AVCF), noting that projections indicate agricultural Gross Value Added (GVA) will reach Rs 105 lakh crore by 2030, making value chain financing increasingly vital.

Chairman NABARD, Shri K.V. Shaji, emphasized the urgent need to improve farmers’ finance access and ensure reliable data availability for SHGs and FPOs, as the data is critical for the banks to make informed decisions and offer effective value chain financing. He advocated for the development of public infrastructure in rural areas, including facilities for processing, branding, and marketing agricultural products. He also emphasized the need to strengthen the governance structure of cooperatives in rural areas. He said these will lead to integrated value chain financings.

Insurance and CEO of PMFBY, Shri Ritesh Chauhan, gave a presentation on fostering financial resilience in agriculture through the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) scheme. Shri Chauhan highlighted the government’s holistic approach to Agri-Value Chain Financing, emphasizing the need for comprehensive risk protection and financial support throughout the agricultural value chain. He underscored the importance of leveraging technology through platforms like SARTHI, AIDE, Kisan Rin Portal, and AGRISTACK to streamline credit availability and enhance agricultural resilience.

Panel discussions covered various aspects of agri value chain financing, including cluster-based approaches, innovative financing mechanisms, and integrating Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) into value chains. Experts from diverse backgrounds shared insights and experiences, enriching the discourse.

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SK/SS

Jai Prakash Narayan: A Poetic Tribute

In the heart of Sitab Diara, where rivers intertwine,
A child of destiny was born, a star set to shine.
Jai Prakash, the village echoed, with dreams in his eyes,
Destined to tread a path, under freedom’s skies.

From fields of green and rustic charms, to Berkeley’s distant shore,
He journeyed across oceans, a quest for wisdom at his core.
With books in hand and humble toil, he gleaned the world’s expanse,
A mind alight with justice’s spark, and a heart that longed to dance.

Grapes he picked and dishes he cleaned, in a land of liberty’s song,
Learning the ways of socialism, where every voice belongs.
Marx’s whispers and Dewey’s dreams, fed his hungry soul,
In America’s academic halls, he found his guiding scroll.

Back to his motherland he came, where chains of bondage clung,
To join the call of freedom’s fight, with courage on his tongue.
A comrade to Gandhi, a brother to Nehru’s cause,
He rallied hearts and fired souls, breaking unjust laws.

Imprisoned in the British chains, his spirit never bowed,
In darkness, he lit freedom’s flame, his voice a rallying crowd.
The Quit India cry rang through the air, a nation’s urgent plea,
And Jai Prakash, the people’s torch, led the march to be free.

But post the dawn of independence, disillusionment did creep,
In Congress’s corridors of power, where ideals fell asleep.
So from its grasp, he did depart, to forge a new path wide,
The Praja Socialist banner raised, with justice as his guide.

His call for land and liberty, for power to the base,
Echoed through the valleys, and in every humble place.
He dreamed of villages empowered, a democracy pure,
A land where every citizen’s heart, would beat in justice sure.

Then came the days of darkness, the Emergency’s dread night,
When voices fell to silence, and tyranny took flight.
But Jai Prakash, undeterred, stood firm against the tide,
A beacon in the blackness, with truth as his guide.

From prison’s depths, his spirit soared, calling for the light,
For India to reclaim her soul, for wrongs to be made right.
His “Total Revolution” cry, a call for systemic change,
Resounded through the heartland, in a chorus bold and strange.

His words became the anthem, of a people’s silent fight,
To topple down oppression, and restore the nation’s might.
In ’77, the tide did turn, the Congress power fell,
And in its place, a new dawn broke, under JP’s spell.

He lived a life of simple means, his heart with Prabha bound,
A partnership of purpose, on justice’s sacred ground.
Their home, a hub of dreams and plans, a forge of future’s fire,
Where every word and every deed, aimed to lift India higher.

Jai Prakash, a name enshrined, in Bharat’s heart and lore,
A beacon of unwavering light, on justice’s sacred shore.
His legacy, a testament, to courage’s enduring song,
A reminder that one soul’s fight, can right a nation’s wrong.

So let us remember JP’s tale, a poem of our land,
A life of bold integrity, a leader who took a stand.
In every heart that beats for truth, in every dream anew,
The spirit of Jai Prakash lives, in all we strive to do.

In this poetic tribute, Jai Prakash Narayan’s life is not just a series of events, but a flowing river of courage, justice, and undying hope, inspiring us to strive for a better, fairer world.

By Shashikant Nishant Sharma 

Jai Prakash Narayan: The Architect of India’s “Total Revolution”

In the vast tapestry of India’s history, few figures stand out as boldly and courageously as Jai Prakash Narayan, affectionately known as JP. Born on October 11, 1902, in the humble village of Sitab Diara, straddling the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, JP’s life journey from a rural boy to a revolutionary leader is a story that pulses with the spirit of resistance and the quest for justice.

The Formative Years: From Village Roots to American Shores

Jai Prakash Narayan’s early years were a blend of simplicity and intellect. His father, Harsu Dayal Srivastava, worked as a minor government official, while his mother, Phul Rani Devi, infused his upbringing with deep spiritual values. This grounding in moral ethics and the vibrant culture of rural India would later form the backbone of JP’s philosophical outlook.

In 1920, at the age of 18, JP embarked on a bold adventure that few of his peers would dare undertake. With a scholarship in hand and dreams of a better future, he set sail for the United States. Landing in the land of opportunity, he enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley. To support his studies, JP took on a variety of odd jobs—picking grapes, washing dishes, and even working as a railway ticket seller. These experiences not only shaped his character but also introduced him to the robust debates of socialist ideologies and social justice that were sweeping through American academia.

The Revolutionary Return: Joining the Indian Freedom Struggle

JP returned to India in 1929, armed with a degree in political science and sociology and a burning desire to liberate his homeland from British rule. He joined the Indian National Congress, quickly catching the attention of towering leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. His intellect, energy, and unwavering commitment to the cause made him an indispensable asset to the movement.

The 1942 Quit India Movement was a pivotal moment in JP’s revolutionary career. Leading the charge against British colonial rule, he was arrested and imprisoned. Yet, even from behind the bars, his fiery spirit could not be contained. His letters and messages continued to inspire thousands, turning him into a symbol of resistance and hope for a free India.

The Crusader for Socialism: A New Path Post-Independence

When India finally achieved independence in 1947, JP initially stayed with the Congress, but he soon found himself at odds with the party’s drift towards authoritarianism and centralized control. In 1952, taking a bold step, he left the Congress and co-founded the Praja Socialist Party (PSP). His vision for India was one of socialism and democracy, where power was decentralized and the government was truly by the people and for the people.

JP’s passion for social justice saw him advocating for the rights of the poor and marginalized. He believed in empowering communities at the grassroots level, a conviction that drove his push for land reforms and his fight against corruption and social inequality. His advocacy for a decentralized government was not just political rhetoric but a heartfelt plea for a more equitable and just society.

The Fire of Total Revolution: Challenging the Emergency

The 1970s were a tumultuous period in Indian politics, and JP’s role during this time cemented his place in history as a leader of extraordinary courage and conviction. In 1974, alarmed by the widespread corruption and political decay, JP launched what he called the “Total Revolution.” This movement was a clarion call for a complete overhaul of the political, social, and economic systems of India.

His rallies and speeches ignited a spark across the nation, mobilizing students, intellectuals, and ordinary citizens alike. JP’s demands for transparency, accountability, and ethical governance struck a chord with millions who were disillusioned by the state of the nation.

In 1975, in a drastic move to quell the growing unrest, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of Emergency, suspending civil liberties and imprisoning opposition leaders, including JP. His arrest became a rallying cry for those opposing the authoritarian regime. Despite the harsh conditions of his imprisonment, JP’s spirit remained unbroken, and his calls for non-violent resistance continued to inspire the nation.

Legacy of a Hero: The Triumph of Democracy

The Emergency period is often seen as a dark chapter in India’s democratic history, but it also marked the triumph of JP’s ideals. His leadership was pivotal in the eventual defeat of the Congress party in the 1977 elections, leading to the formation of the first non-Congress government at the national level. This shift in power was a testament to JP’s influence and the deep-seated desire for change among the Indian populace.

JP’s life was a living embodiment of the Gandhian principles of non-violence and self-reliance. He championed the cause of the common man and stood unwaveringly for justice and democracy. His vision was not just of an independent India, but of an India that was just, equitable, and democratic at its core.

Personal Life: Simplicity and Dedication

JP’s personal life mirrored his public persona. He was married to Prabhavati Devi, a woman of equal dedication to social causes. The couple chose to live simply, dedicating their lives to public service and the pursuit of social justice. Their home was a hub of intellectual and political activity, where ideas for a better India were constantly being debated and nurtured.

Honors and Recognition: The People’s Hero

Jai Prakash Narayan’s contributions have been immortalized in Indian history. In 1999, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor, acknowledging his monumental impact on the nation. Schools, roads, and numerous awards bear his name, ensuring that his legacy continues to inspire future generations.

Conclusion: The Eternal Revolutionary

Jai Prakash Narayan’s legacy is that of an eternal revolutionary, a man who dared to dream of a better world and worked tirelessly to make it a reality. His life is a beacon of hope and a reminder that one person’s courage and conviction can indeed change the course of history. JP’s story is not just the story of an individual, but the story of a nation’s quest for justice, democracy, and a brighter future.

JP’s journey from a small village to the forefront of a national revolution is a testament to his extraordinary spirit and unyielding commitment to the principles of justice and democracy. His life and legacy continue to inspire and guide those who strive for a more just and equitable world.

The Crucial Role of Proofreading and Editing in Book Manuscripts

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Introduction

Writing a book is a monumental task that requires creativity, discipline, and an immense amount of effort. However, the journey does not end with the final word of the manuscript. The next critical phase involves proofreading and editing, which are essential to transforming a rough draft into a polished, professional piece of literature. These stages are crucial for ensuring the quality, coherence, and overall impact of the book.

The Essence of Proofreading

Proofreading is the process of meticulously checking a manuscript for grammatical, typographical, and punctuation errors. It is the final step before publication, aiming to catch any overlooked mistakes.

Key Benefits of Proofreading:

  1. Eliminates Errors: Proofreading ensures that minor errors in spelling, punctuation, and grammar, which can distract readers and undermine the author’s credibility, are identified and corrected.
  2. Enhances Readability: Correcting errors improves the flow and readability of the text, making it easier and more enjoyable for readers to follow the narrative.
  3. Preserves Professionalism: A manuscript filled with errors can appear unprofessional and may lead readers to question the quality of the content and the credibility of the author.
  4. Protects Reputation: Errors in a published book can lead to negative reviews and tarnish an author’s reputation. Proofreading helps safeguard against such potential damage.

The Role of Editing

Editing goes beyond merely correcting errors; it involves refining the manuscript to enhance its clarity, coherence, and overall quality. There are various levels of editing, each serving a different purpose:

  • Developmental Editing: Focuses on the structure and content of the manuscript, addressing plot development, character arcs, pacing, and overall narrative flow.
  • Line Editing: Involves a detailed review of each sentence to improve clarity, flow, and style, ensuring that the writing is consistent and compelling.
  • Copy Editing: Concentrates on grammar, punctuation, and spelling, while also checking for consistency in terminology, formatting, and factual accuracy.

Key Benefits of Editing:

  1. Improves Coherence and Structure: Editing helps ensure that the manuscript is logically structured, with a clear and coherent narrative that keeps readers engaged from start to finish.
  2. Enhances Style and Voice: Through editing, the author’s unique voice and style are refined, making the manuscript more engaging and appealing to the target audience.
  3. Ensures Consistency: Editors check for consistency in character names, locations, and other details, as well as adherence to a consistent style and tone throughout the manuscript.
  4. Strengthens Impact: A well-edited manuscript effectively conveys the intended message and emotions, leaving a lasting impression on readers.

Common Challenges and Solutions

Overlooking Details: Authors, deeply familiar with their work, may overlook errors due to cognitive biases. Solution: Fresh eyes, such as professional proofreaders or editors, can provide an objective review.

Time Constraints: Rushed proofreading and editing can lead to missed errors. Solution: Allocate sufficient time for multiple rounds of review, including breaks between each round to maintain focus and perspective.

Budget Concerns: Hiring professional editors may seem costly. Solution: Consider the long-term benefits of a polished manuscript and explore various options, such as freelance editors or editing services with flexible pricing.

Conclusion

Proofreading and editing are indispensable components of the book writing process. They ensure that the manuscript is free from errors, coherent, and polished, ultimately enhancing the reader’s experience and preserving the author’s reputation. Investing time and resources in thorough proofreading and editing is a crucial step toward achieving literary success and leaving a lasting impact on readers.

By prioritizing these essential stages, authors can confidently present their work to the world, knowing that their manuscript is a true reflection of their best efforts and creative vision.

Note: To ensure your manuscript is in its best form, consider seeking professional proofreading and editing services or collaborating with skilled peers for comprehensive reviews.

On the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, Department of Social Justice & Empowerment organizing a programme at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi today

 Each year, 26th June is observed as the “International Day against Drug Abuse & Illicit Trafficking. To commemorate the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking the Department of Social Justice & Empowerment is organizing a programme today (on 26th June 2024) at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre, 15 Janpath, New Delhi in the presence of Dr. Virendra Kumar, HMSJE, MoSs (SJE), and Senior officers of the Department.

Earlier, the Ministry has organized weeklong online activities from 20.06.2024 to 26.06.2024 to commemorate International Day against Drug abuse and Illicit Trafficking. Some such activities organized are Essay Writing Competition, promoting Yoga, Meditation and Mindfulness for a drug free lifestyle, showcasing best practices under NMBA, engaging university students to lead the Drug-free campaign, Leading from margins: Role of women in making Drug-free India etc. With these programmes, Department of Social Justice & Empowerment will ensure to reach out the Abhiyaan in whole Country as Jan Andolan.

All the States/UTs and DCs/DMs across the country have also been requested to take necessary steps for conducting/ organizing various programmes/ events such as rallies, cultural events, seminars, workshops, pledge along with wide publicity through media including social media platform against drug abuse under NMBA at the State as well as district level.

Besides, above, National Institute of Social Defence (NISD), an Autonomous Body under the aegis of this Ministry, is also undertaking various activities from 24th to 28th June 2024 like live quiz, awareness programmes, discussion with experts, individuals and families of affected persons, sharing of experience, etc. to commemorate the occasion of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking.

To ensure that the occasion is aptly utilized, all NGOs/VOs supported under NAPDDR by this  Ministry, also conducted/ organized shapath, painting competition, essay competition, tree  plantation, nukkad nattak competition, indoor games competition, marathon/ walkathon/ cycle/bike rally with wide publicity against drug abuse under NMBA from 20-26th June, 2024.

Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan  (NMBA)

This Ministry has initiated ambitious Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan  (NMBA) and currently operational in all districts of the country with an aim to create awareness about ill effects of substance abuse among the youth, with special focus on higher education institutes, university campuses, schools and reaching out into the community and garnering community involvement and ownership of the Abhiyaan.

 

Achievements of NMBA:

  • Till now, through the various activities undertaken on-ground, 11+ crore people have been sensitized on substance use including 3.50+ Crore Youth and 2.32+ Crore Women.

  • Participation of 3.35+ Lakh educational institutions has ensured that the message of the Abhiyaan reaches children and youth of the country.

  • A strong force of 8,000+ Master Volunteers (MVs) have been identified and trained.

  • Awareness through official Social Media accounts of the Abhiyaan on Twitter, Facebook & Instagram.

  • NMBA Mobile Application developed to gather and collect the data of NMBA activities and represent on the NMBA Dashboard at district, state and national level.

  • NMBA Website (http://nmba.dosje.gov.in) provides detailed information and insights to the user/viewer about the Abhiyaan, an online discussion forum, NMBA dashboard, e-pledge.

  • A National Online Pledge to be Drug Free had 1.67+ Crore students from 99,595 educational institutions pledging to be drug free.

  • Events like ‘Nashe se Azaadi- A National Youth and Students Interaction Programme’, ‘Naya Bharat, Nasha Mukt Bharat’, ‘NMBA Interaction with NCC’ are regularly organized to engage and connect with youth and other stakeholders.

  • MoUs have been signed with Spiritual/Social Service organizations like The Art of Living, Brahma Kumaris, Sant Nirankari Mission, Ram Chandra Mission (Daaji), ISKCON and All World Gayatri Parivaar to support to NMBA and conduct mass awareness activities.

  • Technology     and      Social  media  have been effectively   utilized to spread the message of the Abhiyaan online by creating handles on Facebook, Twitter & Instagram and sharing daily updates on them.

  • An Android based mobile Application has been developed to capture the data of activities happening on ground on a real-time basis by the districts and master volunteers. This App has been placed on the Google Play Store.

  • All the de-addiction facilities have been geo-tagged for ease of access by the public. 

 

The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is the nodal Ministry for drug demand reduction in the country, which coordinates and monitors all aspects of drug abuse prevention, assessment of the extent of the problem, preventive action, treatment and rehabilitation of users, dissemination of information.

Substance use disorder is an issue, which is adversely affecting the social fabric of the country. Dependence to any substance not only affects the individual’s health but also disrupts their families and the whole society. Regular consumption of various psychoactive substances leads to dependence of the individual. Some substance compounds may lead to neuro-psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular   diseases, as well as accidents, suicides and violence. Therefore, substance use and dependence needs to be viewed as a psycho-social-medical problem.

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'Mini RATNA' status (Category-1) for Central Electronics Limited (CEL)

 

Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh today announced the grant of “Mini RATNA” status (Category-1) for Central Electronics Limited (CEL) at its Golden Jubilee celebration at the Ghaziabad campus.

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Earth Sciences, MoS PMO, Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions congratulated CEL on completion of 50 glorious years in the service of the nation and now celebrating their Golden Jubilee on 26th June this year.

Speaking on the occasion, Dr. Jitendra Singh said “We feel proud that the Golden Jubilee Celebrations are being graced by the Hon’ble Vice President of India Shri. Jagdeep Dhankhar and his guidance and motivation will persuade us to contribute more for the betterment of the country. Adding further the Science and technology Minister said, “50 years of dedication, perseverance, and success is a testament to the hard work, commitment, and vision which propelled this journey of excellence.”

Dr. Jitendra Singh, while highlighting CEL’s performance, mentioned that over last few years, especially in the last 5 years, CEL’s financial stability, profitability, and operational excellence have touched new heights. CEL’s performance in terms of the numbers in turnover, net worth, reserves, net profit, etc. are also remarkable.

At centre Hon’ble Vice President of India Shri. Jagdeep Dhankhar; left 1. Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh 2. Chetan Jain CMD, CEL; right 1. Shri Sunil Sharma Cabinet Minister, Uttar Pradesh 2. Dr. N. Kalaiselvi, DG CSIR

 

The Minister shared that CEL has transformed from a loss-making PSU to a dividend paying PSU and this is the 3rd consecutive year that CEL has paid dividends, that too at increasing rate, to the Government of India. He also highlighted that Celebrating 50 years with attaining Net profit of approx. Rs 58 crore is commendable.

Recalling Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Vision of Amrit kaal he said, our aim is to increase indigenization of technology and boost manufacturing by capacity building, skill development. Dr. Jitendra Singh lauded CEL’s contributions in the fields of Defence, Railway, Security, Surveillance and Solar energy shows its vital role in promoting indigenous technologies and manufacturing capabilities. Going further he said “Rolling out production of Smart Boards which shall not only diversify CEL’s product portfolio but also significantly impact implementation of smart education in schools in the country.”

 

 

Dr. Jitendra Singh expressed his satisfaction over the new initiatives taken by the CEL Management to strengthen Employee Engagement which led to outstanding performance over the last few years and an all-time high achievement in the last financial year. The minister affirmed that Central Electronics Limited has ticked the right boxes of performance parameters for grant of higher status of Mini RATNA (Category-1).

Shri Sunil Kumar Sharma, Cabinet Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Dr. N. Kalaiselvi, DG, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Shri. Chetan Jain, Chairman and Managing Director, CEL; along with senior officials of Government of India were also present for the programme.

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Researchers at IISER Tirupati developed an efficient method of hydrogen generation from methanol and formaldehyde combination developed for moving towards ‘Hydrogen economy’

 Researchers have developed an innovative synthetic method to produce hydrogen gas from a mixture of methanol and paraformaldehyde under mild conditions. This method has proven particularly effective for the transfer hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes and the combination could be a promising hydrogen carrier, paving the way for advancements in chemical synthesis and sustainable energy solutions.

The rapid depletion of fossil fuels has spurred the search for alternative energy sources, highlighting the need for sustainable and renewable resources. Hydrogen gas generation is particularly important due to its potential to replace fossil fuels in energy storage, transportation, and various chemical processes. Methanol and paraformaldehyde, both produced on a large scale, have emerged as viable candidates for hydrogen carriers. Their abundance and widespread manufacture make them valuable for the storage and transportation of hydrogen, offering significant advantages over free hydrogen itself.

The research led by Prof. Ekambaram Balaraman at IISER Tirupati has utilized commercially available nickel catalysts to produce hydrogen from methanol and paraformaldehyde without the need for bases or activators. This efficient catalytic system has demonstrated remarkable efficiency under mild conditions, and the generated hydrogen was successfully employed in chemo- and stereo-selective partial transfer hydrogenation of alkynes. This process enabled access to bioactive molecules with enhanced synthetic value. This research was supported by ANRF (erstwhile SERB, a statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST).

This research, accepted for publication in the journal Catalysis Science & Technology, opens a new avenue for COx-free hydrogen generation, contributing to the advancement of a ‘Hydrogen economy.’ The ability to harness methanol and paraformaldehyde as hydrogen carriers offers significant potential to address the challenges posed by the increasing global energy demands. This development marks a significant step forward in the quest for sustainable energy solutions.

Publication link: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/cy/d3cy01699d

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Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) -National Physical Laboratory celebrates One Week One Theme Program on Energy & Energy Devices

 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is organizing weeklong activities on One Week One Theme (OWOT) in eight different themes across its 37 laboratories to showcase translatable research leads to marketable/value-added technologies/products, enhancing interactions and connecting to stakeholders to enable ease of technology licensing. The targeted theme “Energy and Energy Devices (EED)” is focused on conventional, non-conventional, sustainable, and innovative approaches for energy generation and storage solutions during 24-28 June, 2024 in New Delhi.

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) -National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL) is also organizing two days event on 26th and 27th June, 2024, under the OWOT:EED program by displaying technical strengths and achievements in the areas of Photovoltaic Metrology, Flexible solar cells (Silicon & Perovskite), Energy gas (Hydrogen & Alternative Fuels) Metrology and Agricultural waste to Biocoal, through a series of events including expert presentations, industry meet, laboratory visits, demonstration of working facilities etc. 

Dr. Sushil Kumar, Convener of the event gave an overview of CSIR-NPL energy based technology driven research. He also spoke  about OWOT:EED program of  CSIR-NPL on Energy & Energy Devices. Dr. S.R. Dhakate, officiating director CSIR-NPL, emphasized on the importance of renewable energy and technology on solar, bio mass, hydrogen, and its potential to prevent global warming. Throwing some light on the contribution of CSIR-NPL on solar energy and converting bio-mass into bio-coal technology., he added  that CSIR-NPL is going to provide primary reference solar cells calibration service in next 2-3 months and asked solar industry to get benefit of it.   About 40 participants from PV industry and 80 students from various institute participated in the event. A session on green  energy, gas and biomass to biocoal on 27 June 2024.

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Bumper sale of Khadi yoga clothes and mats on International Yoga Day

 This International Yoga Day brought special happiness to lakhs of Khadi artisans in rural areas of India. On International Yoga Day celebrated on 21st June, Khadi and Village Industries Commission, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (KVIC) sold 1,09,022 yoga mats and 63,700 yoga dress worth Rs 8,67,87,380 to various government departments through 55 Khadi institutions across the country. Releasing the figures, KVIC Chairman Shri Manoj Kumar said that the ‘brand power’ of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has made the Indian heritage of yoga as well as Khadi popular. It is a matter of joy for the Khadi family that this time there has been a record-breaking sale of special yoga clothes and mats made by our Khadi artisans. He further said that this time on Yoga Day, Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi performed yoga in Srinagar and Union Home and Cooperation Minister Shri Amit Shah practiced yoga in Ahmedabad wearing Khadi yoga clothes. This is a matter of pride for Khadi artisans.

KVIC Chairman Shri Manoj Kumar further said that yoga dress and mats made of Khadi are very advantageous for health as well as environment protection, as they are made without chemicals and with the use of minimum water. He further said that the sale of Khadi yoga clothes and mats on the special occasion of International Yoga Day is a symbol of the fact that the Government of India under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi is determined to conserve its heritage Khadi as well as determined to protect environmental. This also gives new strength to the Vocal for Local and Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.   

According to the released data, this time KVIC prepared special Khadi yoga kurtas (in T-shirt style) on demand of the Ministry of AYUSH. These were specially designed keeping the youth in mind. On the occasion of Yoga Day, KVIC’s Khadi Bhawan located at Connaught Place, Delhi supplied 50,000 yoga mats and 50,000 yoga dress to the Ministry of AYUSH alone. This also included 300 premium quality yoga mats. Along with this, as per the demand of the Ministry, 25,000 Khadi yoga mats and clothes were supplied in Srinagar and 10,000 mats and yoga clothes were supplied in Srinagar. In Srinagar, thousands of people participated in yoga practice wearing Khadi clothes under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi.

In addition to Ministry of AYUSH, KVIC also supplied yoga clothes and yoga mats made of Khadi for yoga practice mainly to Morarji Desai National Yoga Institute, National Ayurveda Institute Jaipur and Panchkula, Defence Research and Development Organization, ONGC and NALCO. In the total supply of Rs 8,67,87,380, the sale of Khadi yoga clothes was Rs 3,86,65,900 and the sale of mats was Rs 4,81,21,480. As per the demand, KVIC had already informed Khadi institutions across the country, which included 55 institutions in Gujarat, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and Delhi, for supply. Through this, spinners, weavers and Khadi workers working in Khadi institutions got additional wages as well as additional employment opportunities.

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PM addresses Lok Sabha after election of the Speaker

 The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi addressed the Lok Sabha after the House elected Shri Om Birla as the Speaker of the House. 

The Prime Minister welcomed Shri Birla taking over as Speaker for a second consecutive term. He conveyed the best wishes of the House to the Speaker. Noting the significance of Shri Birla taking over second time during the Amrit Kaal, the Prime Minister expressed the hope that his experience of five years and the members’ experience with him will enable the re-elected Speaker to guide the house in these important times. The Prime Minister noted the polite and humble personality of the Speaker and his winning smile that helps him in conducting the House.  

The Prime Minister expressed confidence that the re-elected speaker will continue to achieve new success. He noted that it was Shri Balram Jhakar who was the first Speaker to hold the post again after five successive years, and today it is Shri Om Birla who after the successful completion of the 17th Lok Sabha has got the responsibility to lead the 18th Lok Sabha to great successes. He also pointed out the trend of a 20-year period in the middle when those who were elected Speaker either did not contest elections or did not win an election after their appointment, but it is Shri Om Birla who has scripted history by returning as Speaker after emerging victorious again.    

The Prime Minister touched upon the working of the Speaker as a Parliamentarian. PM Modi mentioned the remarkable campaign of Healthy Mother and Healthy Child in the constituency of Shri Om Birla. He also remarked on the good work done by Shri Birla in taking health services to the rural areas of Kota, his constituency. He also praised Shri Birla’s promotion of sports in his constituency. 

Recalling Shri Birla’s leadership for the last Lok Sabha, the Prime Minister called that period to be a golden period in our Parliamentary history. Remembering the transformative decisions taken during the 17th Lok Sabha, the Prime Minister praised the Speaker’s leadership. The Prime Minister mentioned Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, Jammu Kashmir Reorganization, Bhartiya Nyay Samhita, Bhartiya Nagrik Suraksha Samhita, Samajik Suraksha Samhita, Personal Data Protection Bill, Muslim Mahila Vivah Adhikar Sanrakshan Vidheyak, Transgender Persons Protection of Rights Bill, Consumer Protection Bill, Direct Tax – Vivad se Vishwas Vidheyak; all landmark Acts that were passed under the Speakership of Shri Om Birla. 

The Prime Minister said the long journey of democracy witnesses various stopovers that provide the opportunity to create new records. He expressed confidence that the people of India will continue to cherish the 17th Lok Sabha in the future for its achievements as he lauded the work accomplished in the 17th Lok Sabha towards making India a modern nation. He assured the House that the new Parliament building will pave the way for Amrit Kaal’s future under the Hon’ble Speaker’s guidance. Shri Modi recalled the inauguration of the new Parliament building under the chairmanship of the present Speaker and also praised the steps taken towards strengthening the foundations of democratic methodologies. He also lauded the paperless workflow and the systematic briefing process initiated by the Speaker to boost discussions in the House. 

The Prime Minister also praised the Speaker for a very successful P-20 Conference of Presiding Officers of legislative bodies of G-20 nations which was attended by a record number of countries. 

The Prime Minister said that the Parliament House is not just walls but is the center of aspiration of 140 crore citizens. He emphasized that the functioning of the house, conduct and accountability deepen the foundation of democracy in our country. The Prime Minister mentioned the record productivity of the 17th Lok Sabha which stood at 97 per cent. Shri Modi also mentioned the personal touch and concern of the Speaker for the Members of the House during the Corona pandemic. He praised Shri Birla for not letting the pandemic stall the functioning of the House when productivity reached 170 percent. 

Prime Minister Modi lauded the balance shown by the Speaker in maintaining the decorum of the House which also involved taking several tough decisions. He expressed gratitude towards the Speaker for choosing to uphold the values of the House while maintaining the traditions. 

The Prime Minister expressed immense confidence in the 18th Lok Sabha becoming a success by serving the people and realizing their dreams and aspirations. Concluding his address, the Prime Minister conveyed his best wishes to Shri Om Birla for the pivotal responsibility enshrined upon him and to take the nation to new heights of success. 

 

 

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No First Use & Massive Retaliation

 Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan has reiterated that the uniqueness of India’s nuclear trajectory is premised on the principle of ‘No First Use & Massive Retaliation’. Gen Anil Chauhan was delivering the keynote address on ‘Nuclear Strategy : Contemporary Developments and Future Possibilities’ in a seminar organised by Centre for Air Power Studies – IISS Seminar in New Delhi on June 26, 2024.

In his address, Gen Anil Chauhan highlighted the changing nature & characteristics of conventional warfare. He impressed that the threat from nuclear weapons has once again occupied centre-stage in the geopolitical landscape.

The CDS  stressed the need for a deeper thought, development of new doctrines, reimagning deterrence and safeguarding nuclear C4I2SR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Information, Surveillance and Reconnaissance) infrastructure.  

Gen Anil Chauhan also released the Asian Defence Review 2024 ‘Emerging Technologies and Changing Dimensions  of Threats to India’ at the CAPS – IISS Seminar.

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