Commentators often talk of the long decline of industry in the British economy. In simple terms this is what we mean by de-industrialization – a fall in the contribution made by the manufacturing sector to national output, employment and income. We can consider manufacturing as a whole, or focus on individual industries such as steel and clothing and textiles De-industrialization is a long-term process of structural change in an economy – leading to a change in the composition of national output, and important alterations to the structure of our labour market. There is a number of different ways of measuring the extent to which our manufacturing sector is experiencing de-industrialization: Its impact on the Indian Economy The economic condition of India in the 19th century started becoming worse due to several polices of the British government. The Indian manufacturing sector was sometimes sharply disrupted sue to the import of machine made foreign goods. While analyzing the economic impact of British rule and consequent poverty, Indian nationalists has quite convincingly argued that British rule has de-industrialized India. However, recent researches in modern economic history of India after independence has challenged this widely accepted hypothesis on many grounds. To reach at final analysis it is imperative to go through all major views of the scholars and sources of information of different parts of 19th century India. Drain of wealth the systematic policy of ferring the economic resources of India to Britain i.J erished the country. The officials of the British I government were paid out of the Indian exchequel money went out of India. There was a heavy tax t on the Indian people because large sums had to b annually as interest on loans contracted by the Gove~ of India. UnemploY}llent increased in India. It was first time in India’s history that the balance of trade t unfavourable towards India. De-industrialisation The British caused 1 Dous harm to the traditional handicraft industry decayed beyond recovery. Heavy customs dutiE imposed on Indian goods. The British officials! Preference for European goods. This provided an. to the demand for European goods and contribute decline of Indian handicrafts. The availability of n made goods in abundance at a comparatively low H greatly contributed to the decline of Indian handicri failure of the British Government to offer any protE indigenous industry also contributed to the de Indian handicrafts because they could not compt machine-made goods produced in bulk, and Consequently cheaper. With the subjugation of Indian princely 51 patronage to the handicraft industry ceased to exist.
The Power of Your Subconscious Mind by Joseph Murphy
This is our comment on the “power of the subconscious” by author Joseph Murphy. A self-help e-book will help those who are struggling to turn their ideas into reality. Power beyond our daily ability. The book is divided into several parts and contains many items. As the book draws to a close, the theory becomes more complicated. It is easy to follow the examples in the e-book, and these examples can serve as meaningful comparisons for breaking down complex sentences. Sometimes it can be regarded as a self-service e-book, suitable for those who have no motivation to take defensive measures and turn ideas into actions. Because, due to non-public prejudice, whether we want to solve these problems or not, we may become one of the biggest obstacles to our way forward. This is not a new book, it first hit the shelves in 1963. Even after six years, knowledge is still true. In a sense, unconscious thoughts have always attracted me because I was attracted to this idea a few years ago. The idea that we can explore without actively paying attention to the subject or listening to the recording in our sleep still bothers me today.The starting point of this idea is a journey about how the electrical impulses ignited in my talent can lead to physical manifestations in the form of something as simple as housework, and the complexity of my daily tasks that I minimize every day. It’s like owning a service vehicle when you reach a safe experience level; the body just reacts to the situation. In fact, when website visitors actively consider sharing tools or know very little about the content of the tournament, it slows down your reaction because the idea is executed faster when executed unconsciously. The author Joseph Murphy makes some lofty claims that this is still a reality beyond any scientific basis or certification. You should use your personal collective judgements, as well as the statements in the e-book, and try to get things done. Instill it in your life from him. Won’t hurt him. It may also be useful to you, or you may be tired of preparing to present important meanings, but it provides many options in e-books. Your genius should keep this idea and use it to make your existence higher than personalized. Because there is no single method for human thinking. Since subconscious thinking works from the beginning of our business to our last breath, we can find its wider application in the following simple steps. Obviously, he is a spiritual man who uses biblical royalties, and they turn the entire experience into thought, even if it does not include a spiritual perspective. I am a lazy atheist, and giving up the idea of an unnamed god used to be a difficult capsule to swallow, but there is no scientific objection to some factors so I can check it, admit it for a minute, and others will think about it. I can quantify and examine myself.
The story named “Transformation” depicts how a person can completely transform himself/herself by self introspection. There is just a need of firm determination and everything will become possible.
Characters of the Story
Rohan- The Protagonist
Raman- Friend of Protagonist
TRANSFORMATION
Rohan, an employee in a company was a hard working asset for the organisation but he usually struggled in expressing his views. One of his friend named Raman possessing good influential skills took an initiative to help him to overcome the challenges. After some interactions he suggested Rohan to self-introspect himself and try to understand and summaries his drawbacks and work on them with a positive thinking. Rohan acted as per advice and started concentrating on getting over his weaknesses with a fighting spirit.
Raman was always co-operative and was available at each movement. His co-ordination and leadership skills helped Rohan in improving his vocabulary, body language, expressiveness, communication Skills, presentation Skills that helped him to showcase himself and his thoughts in a hesitant free manner.
A chemical hazard is a (non-biological) substance that has the potential to cause harm to life or health. Chemicals are widely used in the home and in many other places. Exposure to chemicals can cause acute or long-term detrimental health effects. There are many types of hazardous chemicals, including neurotoxins, immune agents, dermatologic agents, carcinogens, reproductive toxins, systemic toxins, asthmagens, pneumoconiotic agents, and sensitizers. In the workplace, exposure to chemical hazards is a type of occupational hazard. The use of protective personal equipment(PPE) may substantially reduce the risk of damage from contact with hazardous materialsLong-term exposure to chemical hazards such as silica dust, engine exhausts, tobacco smoke, and lead (among others) have been shown to increase risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure.
The decisions you make concerning the use of chemicals in the laboratory should be based on an objective analysis of the hazards, rather than merely the perception of the risks involved. Once this has been accomplished, a reasonable means of controlling the hazards through experimental protocol, work practices, ventilation, use of protective clothing, etc., can be determined. In order to assess the hazards of a particular chemical, both the physical and health hazards of the chemical must be considered. Before using any chemical, the safety data sheet (SDS) or other appropriate resource should be reviewed to determine what conditions of use might pose a hazard. Accidents with hazardous chemicals can happen quickly and may be quite severe. The key to prevention of these accidents is awareness. Once the hazards are known, the risk of an accident may be reduced significantly by using safe work practices. The most common exposure route to chemicals in the work environment is through inhalation. Gas, vapour, mist, dust, fumes, and smoke can all be inhaled. Those with occupations involving physical work may inhale higher levels of chemicals if working in an area with contaminated air. This is because workers who do physical work will exchange over 10,000 litres of air over a 8-hour day, while workers who do not do physical work will exchange only 2,800 litres. If the air is contaminated in the workplace, more air exchange will lead to the inhalation of higher amounts of chemicals. Chemicals may be ingested when food or drink is contaminated by unwashed hands or from clothing or poor handling practices. Chemical exposure to the skin is a common workplace injury and may also occur in domestic situations with chemicals such as bleach or drain-cleaners.. The exposure of chemicals to the skin most often results in local irritation to the exposed area. In some exposures, the chemical will be absorbed through the skin and will result in poisoning. The eyes have a strong sensitivity to chemicals, and are consequently an area of high concern for chemical exposure. Chemical exposure to the eyes results in irritation and may result in burns and vision loss. Injection is an uncommon method of chemical exposure in the workplace. Chemicals can be injected into the skin when a worker is punctured by a sharp object, such as a needle. Chemical exposure through injection may result in the chemical entering directly into the bloodstream.
Types of Health Effects :-
A chronic health effect is an adverse health effect resulting from long-term exposure to a substance. Symptoms do not usually subside when the exposure stops. Examples of chronic health effects include asthma and cancer. Acute health effects can be observed immediately or soon after an exposure; often a large, brief exposure. Many times the symptoms will subside after the cause is removed, however, depending on the amount/dose, permanent damage or even death can occur from a single exposure. Examples of acute health effects include dizziness, skin irritation, and throat irritation. Keep in mind that a chemical may cause both acute and chronic effects. Health effects can vary depending on the organ, the dose level, frequency, duration, and route of exposure (inhalation, skin contact, etc.). Ethanol is an excellent example of a compound that causes varied health effects based on the parameters mentioned above. A small amount of ethanol (from alcoholic beverages) over several hours results in loss of coordination and impaired judgement; large one-time consumption leads to vomiting, unconsciousness, or even death; consumption over several days by a pregnant person can lead to birth defects; and chr:onic consumption over many years can lead to cirrhosis of the liver.
Signs and symptoms of chemical exposure:-
Signs of an exposure are external and can often be seen by you or others in the laboratory. They are objective and can sometimes be measurable. Signs of exposure sometimes include hives, puffiness, sneezing, etc. They are often temporary and can go away when the source of the exposure is removed. Symptoms are internal and are not visible to the naked eye. They are only felt by the person feeling them and examples include pain, dizziness, numbness, etc. Sometimes a sign can indicate a symptom. For example vomiting is a sign than indicates someone is feeling nauseated (symptom). There are different signs/symptoms of exposure to chemicals based on their hazards, reactivity, and the route of exposure. Many of the signs and symptoms of exposure to chemicals are similar, but there are some specific signs which are indicative of particular compounds. For example, osmium tetroxide vapors damage the cornea of the eye, can make your eyes feel gritty, and even turn them black. It is important to know the signs and symptoms of the chemicals with which you work and other chemicals in the laboratory to which you could potentially be exposed.
Symbols of chemical hazards:-
Hazard pictographs are a type of labeling system that alerts people at a glance that there are hazardous chemicals present. The symbols help identify whether the chemicals that are going to be in use may potentially cause physical harm, or harm to the environment. The symbols are distinctive, as they are shaped like diamonds with red borders. These signs can be divided into: 1. Explosive (exploding bomb) 2. Flammable (flame) 3. Oxidizing (flame above a circle) 4. Corrosive (corrosion of table and hand) 5. Acute toxicity (skull and crossbones) Hazardous to environment (dead tree and fish) 6. Health hazard/hazardous to the ozone layer (exclamation mark) 7. Serious health hazard (cross on a human silhouette) 8. Gas under pressure (gas cylinder)
These pictographs are also subdivided into class and categories for each classification. The assignments for each chemical depends on their type and their severity.
First aid :-
In case of emergency, it is recommended to understand first aid procedures in order to minimize any damage. Different types of chemicals can cause a variety of damage. Most sources agree that it is best to rinse any contacted skin or eye with water immediately. Currently, there is insufficient evidence of how long the rinsing should be done, as the degree of impacts will vary for substances such as corrosive chemicals. However, the recommended flush time is as follows: 1. 5 minutes – non- to mild irritants 2. 15 minutes – moderate to severe irritants and chemicals that cause acute toxicity 3. 30 minutes – most corrosives 4. 60minutes – strong alkalis such as sodium, potassium or calcium hydroxide.
Transporting the affected person to a health care facility may be important, depending on condition. In the case that the victim needs to be transported before the recommended flush time, then flushing should be done during the transportation process. Some chemical manufacturers may state the specific type of cleansing agent that is recommended.
MORE DIFFERENT KIND OF HAZARD :-
1. Anthropogenic hazard – Hazard caused by human action or inaction 2. Biocontainment – Physical containment of pathogenic organisms or agents in microbiology laboratories 3. Biological agent – Pathogen that can be weaponized 4. Biological hazard – Biological material that poses serious risks to the health of living organisms 5. Biosafety level – Level of the biocontainment precautions required to isolate dangerous biological agents 6. Chemical safety – means of ensuring that chemicals are safe 7. Hazard – Substance or situation which has the potential to cause harm to health, life, the environment, property, or any other value 8. Health hazard – Hazards that would affect the health of exposed persons.Hierarchy of hazard controls – System used in industry to eliminate or minimize exposure to hazards 9. Mechanical hazard – Hazard with a mechanical energy source 10. Occupational exposure banding – Process to assign chemicals into categories corresponding to permissible exposure concentrations 11. Occupational hazard – Hazard experienced in the workplace 12. Physical hazard – Hazard due to a physical agent 13.Planetary protection – Guiding principle in the design of an interplanetary mission, aiming to prevent biological contamination of both the target celestial body and the Earth 14. Psychosocial hazard – Occupational hazard to one’s psychological well-being Public health – Preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organized efforts and informed choices of society and individuals .
Increasing constructions and demolitions of buildings.
Increasing demand for houses is leading to deforestation, which is worsening the quality of air further.
Industrialization.
Burning of crop residue. This is highly prevalent in Punjab and Haryana.
Burning of garbage.
Still many Indians are using firewood and cow dung for cooking.
Greenhouse gas emissions due to burning of biomass residue.
Usage of diesel vehicles.
Adulterated fuel blends by many Indian taxis and auto rickshaws. These adulterants increase emissions of harmful pollutants from vehicles, worsening urban air pollution.
Effects of Air pollution :-
Negative impact on health of humans as well as other living beings. Mainly, children and old people are vulnerable to adverse health effects caused by air pollution.
Air pollution is the leading environment cause of death. In 2015, India reported 11 lakh deaths due to air pollution.
Increase in spread of non-communicable diseases due air pollution has accounted for 62% of the total diseases in India.
Steps Taken by Indian Government :-
Government of India enacted the “Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA)” under article 253 of the constitution after the dreadful incident of Bhopal gas tragedy.
Indian government removed subsidies for polluting cooking gases to improve access to clean fuel for household cooking.
The Delhi government has tried odd-even rule to reduce air pollution.
Supreme Court banned registrations of diesel cars above 2000cc in Delhi, which is one of the highest air polluted cities of India.
Indian government banned firecrackers on weddings.
Burning of solid waste is banned.
What more needs to be done :-
Allocation of more funds for afforestation projects.
Betterment of public transportation.
Enhancing the quality of roads.
Encouraging community forests.
Incentives for Eco-friendly buildings.
Encouraging the usage of clean fuels.
Investing more in energy generation from renewable resources.
Encouraging work from home culture to reduce vehicular pollution.
Best Practices in Other Countries:-
‘Paris’ has set few good practices such as implementing odd-even bans on vehicles, making public transport free during high pollution days and encouraging car & bike-pooling.
‘Netherlands’ is working on plans to to ban the sale of all petrol and diesel cars from 2025 and allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles.
The Bombay HC has issued notice to the I&B Ministry, Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Ministry of Law and Justice, Ministry of Home Affairs and the Nagpur police commissioner and asked for their response, in regard to the PIL filed by Divya Ganeshprasad Gontia. The court has advised setting up of a pre-screening committee to regulate the movies and shows which are released directly on online platforms like Netflix & Hotstar. Thus it is clear that censorship for web series and content on digital medium is very much on the cards.
But online platforms like Netflix, Hotstar, AltBalaji, SonyLiv and others have signed self-censorship code, which prohibits signatories from showing any content that has been banned by Indian Courts. Amazon Prime Video, the streaming service of e-commerce giant has kept out of the code stating that the existing laws are adequate.
While the decision of probable censorship has aroused a mixed reaction on social media by Indian film industry and the general public, it is important to understand the pros and cons that would come along.
Pros :-
Due to the advantage of wide reach, the web series and content on digital media is easily accessible to all. Children are at major disadvantage when they view content that is related to violence, strong language and sex.
In the past years people have filed legal complaints regarding the harsh content on digital platform and arguing for censorship on series and movies released on internet that have the potential to create bad influence.
The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) has reported that the casual usage of sex and crass language in such web series is a bait to attract the audience. This raises a question if the online entertainment industry should be kept law free and what affects this would have on children.
Some people feel worried about the increasing foreign culture influence that web series and movies promote censorship will control this to some extent.
Cons :-
Producer Ritesh Sidhwani, who has produced series like “Inside Edge” and “Mirzapur”, believes that censorship will hamper the originality of the story. He said it the responsibility of the makers to take care of the content and depict only the reality.
People feel that by making the web series industry regulated the lawmakers will only be covering up for a reality that is widely evident in certain states.
The censorship norm is being criticized as people feel that it is curbing the freedom and creativity of Indian filmmakers, who are anyways at a disadvantaged position due to constraints on movie content.
People also feel that rather than censoring the content, it is more important to pay attention to the ratings that are provided. Moreover it is the responsibility of the audience to perceive the content in a respected manner.
Machines are replacing humans. Automation is causing loss of jobs.
In India, still many people are not able to afford education, and are forced to live unemployed.
Our education system is not uniform throughout the country. Quality education is still a dream to many. Because of this, many do not have enough skills to compete in the job market.
Even in this 21st century, some families in India do not allow women to work, and hence there is so much unemployment in Indian women.
India ranking second in terms of population with 6 million and still counting people, this problem becomes increasingly serious and hopeless. Providing jobs to this much population is not that easy. Where the government is trying its best to shorten the gap, it becomes worse with the rate of growth of population.
Effects:-
Increase in unemployment is directly proportional to the rate of growth in the economy of any country. With such enormous number of unemployed people,
With less money in their pockets, people are restricted to change and upgrade their lifestyle and get in sync with the outside world today. This is causing low standards of living.
Now that people either don’t have jobs or are poorly paid, in order to meet the demands of daily routine, weak people tend to fall into the trap of illegal jobs and commit criminal offences for money. This is causing robberies, kidnaps, murders, drug trade etc.
Along with the middle-class family standard gradually moving towards the high-class society, the poor society in moving in the opposite direction which is eventually pulling them below the poverty line. Gap between the rich and poor is widening.
STEPS TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT
Skill India initiative was launched to train youth for the jobs in demand, and hence bridging the gap of lack of skilled professionals and unemployment.
Integrated Rural Development Program: IRDP was launched in 1979 to supply more jobs for the rural people. This program brought employment in the areas of agriculture, fisheries, road constructions etc benefitting 182 lakh families and thus became very known.
Drone Prone Area Program: DPAP was launched in those areas struck with drought for quite some time. This was introduced for the prime reason to delete seasonal employment from the society. Approximately 474 crores were spent on this plan.
Jawahar Rozgar Yojana: This became very popular in the year of 1989 with the sole objective of providing employment to minimum one member in the family which led to an immediate shoot up in the employment rate.
Nehru Rozgar Yojana: This also emerged in the year of 1989 with a new idea of introducing three schemes. These schemes included small jobs for poor urban people, employment to cities having the lowest score in terms of daily wage.
Employment Assurance Scheme: This scheme aimed at providing jobs in 1752 backward class blocks in various cities like West Bengal, Kerala, and Rajasthan.
Swaran Jayanti Rojgar Yojana: In addition to the Nehru Yojana, this aims at eradicating unemployment in urban areas by offering wage employment by spending 125 crores on this plan.
Make In India: This was an initiative planned by our Prime Minister Narendra Modi generating employment especially in manufacturing industries and boycotting foreign made goods.
THINGS TO BE DONE
he steps taken by the government till now have been successful in providing jobs but most of them are temporary. People now demand permanent employment giving them job security.
Still 22% of Indian population lives below the poverty limit. This strongly discourages India to move forward in the struggle of becoming one of the developed countries.
In order to make people have a good living, they must acquire a proper education, this being their basic rights. (Right to Education). Literacy levels should be improved.
More jobs should be created in corporate sector. For those who have the required skills yet find it hard to get employed and have a decent job, overpopulation of India is making it even more hard with such limited job opportunities.
Self Realization refers to the process of interacting with one inner self for figuring out the answers like drawbacks, strengths, weaknesses, interest areas, goals, opportunities etc for the purpose of self assessment.
It helps in understanding and summarizing one self and take required measures and actions to eradicate barriers of growth and development and working on improving strengths .
Abraham Maslow understood the importance of self interaction and placed Self Actualization as the final stage of his Motivation Theory which too is linked to the concept of Self Realization and interaction with internal self.
Importance of Self Realization
1.Higher Confidence
2.Increases Patience
3.Sharper Focus
4.Not being Controlled by Emotions
5.Acceptance
6.Helps in understanding the real clinches of an issue
Hello all! We are going to see 8 weird truths and facts about North Korea and their President Kim Jong Un. These may be shocking, funny, alerting and also bad. The are news like economy of North Korea is dipping. But their President don’t care about his people and the people are struggling in the nation where they cannot rise their voices against the government. Let’s go into the topic.
1. Pleasure squad
This squad was originally named as “joy squad” by the father of Kim Jong Un. This “joy squad” was created by Kim’s father for Kim’s grandfather. Normally a father won’t tolerate or accept this kind of behaviour or character from his child. But Kim’s grandfather accepted that and congratulated him for that deed. After 1983, the joy squad became a regular thing for them and today many college students and school students are selected to entertain the North rulers. And the girls are forced to be in that ‘pleasure squad’.
2. Arresting whole family
Normally in any country if a person does a crime, he would be arrested and put to jail. But in North Korea, the accused, his father, his grandfather and all the men in their family are put to jail. The reason that Kim gives for this rule is that the elders should raise the children in the right way.
3. Restrictions for Kim’s wife
Kim not only makes all these rules for the people of North Korea but also for his own wife. His wife is from a rich family and also a very good singer. Hearing her voice, Kim loved her and married her. After marriage, Kim erased the whole history of his wife. He restricted her to go to her parents’ home. He destroyed all the CD collections of her songs. He renamed her.
4. Permissions for migration
In India, during this Covid-19 pandemic situation, we are getting e-pass to migrate from one place to other. This situation is only during pandemic. But in North Korea, this is a normal and strictly followed rule. The citizens should get permission from the government before leaving to any other places within the country.
5. News
Unlike the breaking news, flash news and other ordinary news that we hear in India, there is no such thing in North Korea. The news that the people hear is telecasted by channels owned by the government alone. There is no internet in the country. This means that the government can create a news for the public, also they can hide a news from them. Kim’s sister manages all these news that are telecasted to the public.
6. School syllabus
There are only 2 subjects for school students. One is Maths and the other is Social Science. Social science is structured in a way that it only covers the good things that Kim and his family did to the people.
7. Kim’s expenses
People in North Korea are starving without food and essential items for life. But Kim’s expenses are much higher. He drinks coffee imported from Brazil that costs around 7000 Indian Rupees. He loves music. So he bought speakers and music systems for 44 crores. He build a threatre in which 1000 people can sit and watch a movie. That is not for public use. He alone sits there and watches movies. There are many articles written on that. Apart from all that, Kim goes extreme in buying Bullet trains. During the rule of Kim’s father, there were 24 such trains, which was increased to 90 during Kim’s rule. That costs around 135 million USD. All these useless expenses costed the poverty for the people.
8. Trendy dresses
If any people wear a trendy dress and comes out, they will be arrested by the ‘fashion police’ and put to jail. Not only the person, but all the men in his/her family. There are also restrictions for hair cut.
Seeing all those happenings in North Korea, we can understand the importance and power of “Right to speak”.
In January 2017, the Economic Survey of India suggested setting up a ‘Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency‘ (PARA). On May 8th 2018, the then interim finance minister Piyush Goyal hinted towards the possibility of setting up a “Bad Bank” for which a panel was working to assess its possibility in India. A “Bad Bank” is basically an Asset Restructuring Company in its functioning. These steps were taken in light of the increased number of NPAs in the Indian banking sector. The NPAs amount to ₹10 lakh crore as of 2019.
The concept :-
The term Bad Bank first came into existence in 1988 in the USA. A Bad Bank is basically an asset restructuring company which takes on the bad loans/non-performing assets of banks at a discount and sells it off. This provides a clean balance sheet to the banks which in turn are able to perform better in the markets. Banks are usually specialized in lending and not in recovery. Bad Banks, in turn, are specialists in recovery. This division of roles helps in faster lending and recovery for both the entities and, in turn, helps the economy to be free from bad loans.
CHALLENGES TO BE FACED BY BAD BANK IN INDIA
The first and foremost problem that arises is that of capital required to buy the NPAs from the PSB even at discount rates. The Bad Banks would have to infuse a huge amount of capital for buying off the loans. The government proposed that the required capital would be arranged from the cash reserves of the RBI. This again is a cumbersome and risky proposal.
The bad loans are mainly due to 25-30 business houses/promoters in the economy. They account for about 50% of the total NPAs. So, just to tackle these 25-30 entities, forming a separate entity would be too costly a proposition.
Though Bad Banks have been successful in a lot of countries, India differs from them in a significant manner. In other countries, the NPAs are from bankrupt companies mostly, but in India, NPAs are mostly due to loss-making companies. If given the right financial help and restructuring, these companies could easily be revived.
Bad Banks will only be helpful in case of willful defaulters and not for non-willful defaulters. The Bankers themselves would have to deal with the non-willful defaulters.
India has diverse companies and NPAs, depending on a single entity and its efficiency to get rid of such behemoth of a task would be illogically optimistic.
The Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC) already exists in India to tackle NPAs. A better implementation of the IBC could easily help with the NPAs. All the steps taken by the government so far have all been good, but successful implementation of them could really go a long way.
Subhash Chandra Bise was born on 23rd January 1897 in Cuttak, a part of Bengal Presidency to Janakinath Bose an advocate and Prabhavati Devi. He was admitted in a big European School and at the age of twelve,he was shifted to another school. Beni Madhav Das was his headmaster, kinded the spirit of pratiosim in him. He started to respect wearing Indian Clothing. He also started helping the poor and needy. Bose looked upon his teachers Beni Madhav Das as his Guru. When the village was hit by small pox, he led a group of volunteers and personally looked after the sick.
⭐When he was 15,he came under deep and strong influence of an outstanding spiritual leader, Swami Vivekananda and deeply impressed with his teaching. He also stated practicing yoga to discipline himself. He understood the saying “Work is Worship”. ⭐He was deeply upset by the rude behavior of one of the British teachers, Professor oaten with Indian student. They were called stupid natives and barbarians or primitive people. The professor thought true civilization had been brought in only by the British. Nethaji protested against this view.
⭐More than a thousand students join him to ask for better treatment from their British teachers.After three days professor Oaten finally apologized to the boys. ⭐Later,as Head of Department of the public Instruction in Bengal , Professor Oayen also appreciated Nethaji for his exemplary performance in the University Military Training Crops. This was the forerunner of our NCC training today.
⭐Nethaji also organized a ‘Nursing Brotherhood’ ,to serve the poor and the sick who did not have a any access to medical care. ⭐On landing at Bombay,he called on Mahatma Gandhi and expressed his desire to work for the freedom of India. It became clear to Mahatma Gandhi that Nethaji had questions about his principle if ‘Non- Violence’ , Meanwhile,with his brilliant academic achievement and background,Bose became the principal of the National College, Calcutta.
⭐He made Khadi, or homespun cloth, the official dress of the corporation. He also encouraged the production and sale of other goods made in India. ⭐Nethaji was arrested ad sent to a prison in Ragoon,Burma. The conditions at the jail were horrible. There was no shelter from the sun or the rain. Nethaji was also upset that he had not even been given a chance to explain his point of view. A huge number of people protested his imprisonment. He was released. Nethaji felt that only an armed struggle would liberate India.
⭐Subhash is called ‘Neta’ or leader because he was a true and passionate leader of the Indian struggle for freedom. The Indian Government awarded ‘Bharath Ratna’ to him posthumously. ⭐Nethaji formed the Indian National Army( INA) in 1941 in Singapore with the help of the Indian prisoners who were released by the Japanese. Nethaji told them, ‘Every down is preceded by a thick darkness. The dawn is therefore close at hand . So cheer up! Hold the Indian flag aloft on! on 21st October 1943 Azad Hind Governments was set up on foreign soil. It was here that Nethaji cloned the rousing words of salutation to our motherland — “Jai Hind”.
The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats) is called Adaptive Radiation.
Evolution of the Finches
During his journey Darwin went to Galapagos Islands. There he observed an amazing diversity of creatures. Small black birds later called Darwin’s Finches amazed him. He realised that there were varieties of finches in the same island.
From the original seed-eating features , many evolved on the island itself. From the original seed-eating features, many other forms with altered beaks arose, enabling them to become insectivorous and vegetarian finches. This process is called adaptive radiation.
“The principle of adaptationism has been adopted so widely by Darwinians because it is such a heuristic methodology.”
“Adaptive radiation refers to the adaptation (via genetic mutation) of an organism which enables it to successfully spread, or radiate, into other environments.”
Adaptive radiation of marsupials
Darwin’s finches represent one of the best examples of this phenomenon. Another example if Australian marsupials. A number of marsupials, each different from the other evolved from an ancestral stock, but all within the Australian island continent.
When more than one adaptive radiation appeared to have occurred in an isolated geographical area( representing different habitats) , one can call this convergent evolution.
Placental mammals in Australia also exhibit adaptive radiation in evolving into varieties of such placental mammals each of which appears to be ‘similar’ to a corresponding marsupial.
“Speciation is the development of one of multiple new species in the evolutionary process, where the original species produces mutated forms which successfully survive in other environments due to these mutations.”
“Phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary steps a species has taken during the process of speciation.”
When Premchand Degra’s father passed away, he was still in the fifth standard and it changed his priorities completely. He decided he needed to look for work and only go to school after work.
But even while growing up, Degra’s strength was impressive. He never took part in any formal sport in his early years but there was always some wrestling to be done in his village and that was a talent that served him well.
He took to wrestling and won medals for his school and at the district level too. After joining the Punjab police in 1975, he continued to wrestle until one day, a former teacher suggested that he should start bodybuilding.
It was a strange suggestion because Degra didn’t know much about bodybuilding and neither did his teacher. Still, it wasn’t until August 14, 1980 that the bug truly bit Degra.
It is a day Degra remembers well. He had decided to go watch Mr Punjab and Mr North India competition but once he got there, he decided to take part in the competition as well.
“At that point, I was very fit because of my wrestling. I used to do around 2000 pushups and sit-ups and lots of running. And I saw that the bodybuilders were repeating the same poses. I thought to myself, ‘I can do this’,” said Degra in an interview.
Degra did his best and when the results came later in the evening, he was surprised to learn that he had managed to claim first place in both competitions.
“I told myself, this is very easy. I didn’t even do much,” Degra recalled.
Getting serious
But now, Degra took to bodybuilding seriously. He finished third in the national championship that very year and by 1983, he was ready to take things up a notch.
He clinched Mr. Asia 1983 (Lahore – Pakistan), Mr. Asia 1984 (Seoul – Korea), Mr. Asia 1985 (Singapore), Mr. Asia 1986 (Taipei – Taiwan), Mr. Asia 1987 (Kuala Lumpur – Malaysia), Gold in Pro-Am Classic in 1990 and 1991 (Singapore), Mr. Asia 1996 (New Delhi – India). In addition to these titles, he also won the Mr India title nine times in a row.
But it was his fourth-place finish at Mr Universe competition in 1985 that truly marked him out as a man on the rise. He had finished 14th in 1984 and the huge improvement won him the award for the most improved bodybuilder.
Degra followed up the fourth-place finish with a silver in the Mr. Universe contest at Tokyo in 1986 and another 4th place at Madrid (Spain) in 1987.
Then, came the year 1988. By this point, Degra was working out for eight hours every day (four hours in the morning and four in the evening). He was also consuming eight vegetarian meals throughout the day.
And the result of all that saw him finally being crowned the 1988 Mr. Universe in Australia after winning a Gold in Middle-Weight class. The title also earned him the opportunity to compete in Mr Olympia, which he did after turning pro in 1989.
He was only the third Indian bodybuilder after Montosh Roy (1951) and Manohar Aich (1952) to claim the prestigious Mr Universe title.
His international wins first earned him the Arjun Award in 1986 – for outstanding achievement in National sports – and then a Padma Shri, India’s fourth highest civilian award, in 1990.
Who doesn’t love travelling? Travelling is all about collecting moments and exploring the world with comfort. Especially in the times of covid, where people are home bound, there is an eager need to travel and enjoy the freedom instead of staying at home because Beyond discovery, travel broadens our understanding of the planet, other species, and cultures, and assists us in becoming better global citizens. Apart from it, many people and students are home stuck who wanted to go abroad to pursue education and get back to their respective jobs in the other countries but are stuck due to pandemic. However, many countries have opened their doors for the Indian citizens to travel in their countries but the basic requirement to travel is vaccination.
As well all know that in India Covaxin, produced in-house by Bharat Biotech in Hyderabad, and Covishield, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India in Pune, are presently being used in coronavirus inoculation program. The WHO has approved the covishield but covaxin is yet to approve. So, there are the bunch of Indian citizens who are skeptical about the approval of covaxin and hence for now, they can’t travel abroad until and unless the vaccine is not approve by world health organization. Therefore, many people are of the opinion that the test should be the main basis to travel abroad and not the jabs.
Recently, S Jaishankar, the Union’s external affairs minister, said on Friday that international travel based on coronavirus (Covid-19) testing is “good enough,” despite the fact that some nations have made vaccination mandatory, and that a deal must be reached. He said after meeting with his Russian colleague, Sergey Lavrov, during a joint news conference that “People who are tested before foreign travel and tested on arrival is a good enough foundation for travel, but other countries have recently added the problem of vaccination,”
India has previously demanded that each EU member state do so independently. Consider granting a similar exemption to those who have received Covid-19 vaccines in India, such as Covishield and Covaxin, and accepting the immunisation certificate obtained through the Cowin site. According to Jaishankar, he and Lavrov discussed how visitors from their respective nations are not “discriminated against” and how “understandings” about Indian and Russian travel to one other’s countries may be established. The continuing Covid-19 epidemic, according to the external affairs minister, has allowed Russia and India to display the strength of their collaboration, with the development of Sputnik vaccine being one of them. The Russian foreign minister also stated that both Russia and India are opposed to vaccine politicization, and that he is “sure” that the majority of nations would follow suit.
Russia’s foreign minister, Sergei Lavrov, also stated that Russia is willing to discuss the possibility of coordinating their actions related to vaccinated citizens, including certification of those who have been vaccinated, and that they can reach an agreement in this area that will serve as an example to other countries.
Inflation is an economic phenomenon that describes the general increase in the prices of goods and services in the economy. So inflation is the rate at which the average prices of certain selected goods increase in a given time period.
So inflation also indicates the loss of purchasing power of the consumer. The same unit of currency will buy fewer goods and services as their prices increase. This is the loss of purchasing power of the currency of a country.
EFFECTS OF INFLATION
Persistent inflation in an economy can have some very adverse effects. Many problems currently plaguing our economy are results of inflation in our economy. Rapid inflation can disrupt our entire economy can cause a financial crisis in the country. Let us take a look at some of the adverse effects that are results of inflation in the Indian Economy.
Balance of Payments
India’s current account deficit is around 17 billion dollars for the last quarter of 2018. This is roughly 2.5% of our GDP. This is because for years now India’s imports are mismatched with their exports. With increasing prices of goods in India, exports have seen a further decline. And the imports have actually become cheaper. So the current account deficit will continue to be a problem for our economy.
Industrial Sector
India has seen a stagnation in the industrial growth in the last few years. The industrial growth for the month of February 2019 year-on-year was merely 0.1%. This is because inflation has adversely affected the industrial sector as well.
The rising prices mean that the factors of production like labor and raw materials have also become expensive. The profit margins of the companies are decreasing. And after an extent, the companies pass on the burden of these additional expenses to the final consumer. And the entire economy suffers.
Banks will increase interest rates as inflation increases otherwise real interest rate will be negative. (Real interest = Nominal interest rate – inflation). This makes borrowing costly for both consumers and corporate. Thus people will buy fewer automobiles, houses and other goods. Industries will not borrow money from banks to invest in capacity expansion because borrowing rates are high.
Higher interest rates lead to slowdown in the economy. This leads to increase in unemployment because companies start focusing on cost cutting and reduces hiring. Remember Jet Airways lay off over 1000 employees to save cost.
Rising inflation can prompt trade unions to demand higher wages, to keep up with consumer prices. Rising wages in turn can help fuel inflation.
Inflation affects the productivity of companies. They add inefficiencies in the market, and make it difficult for companies to budget or plan long-term. Inflation can act as a drag on productivity as companies are forced to shift resources away from products and services in order to focus on profit and losses from currency inflation.
Final Consumer
The person most affected by rising inflation is the final consumer of goods. The prices of goods and services are constantly rising. But the salaries and income of consumer do not rise proportionately, there is a lag. So the goods and services become less affordable to these final consumers. And the population in the lowest income group are the most affected. They cannot even afford basic necessities.
Investments
One of the major results of inflation in an economy is the general slowdown of the economy. When this happens unemployment rates rise, the purchasing power of the consumer decreases, credit becomes expensive. All these cause a strain on the entire financial system of the country. It discourages heavy investment in the economy by both domestic and international players.
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