Time to time, they carry out terrorist acts to remind people of the fear they want them to live in. Consequently, there are roughly 100 terrorist cells that are operating in India. They have to an extent successfully created an atmosphere of tension amongst the citizens. Terrorism impacts the country gravely and has dangerous repercussions.

Impact of Terrorism in India
As discussed earlier, terrorism has a major impact on any country. When we look at a developing country like India, it is all the more harmful. Firstly, it creates a state of panic amongst the citizens. The bomb blasts or firing impacts the mental health of people. This causes the untimely death of various citizens or leaves them handicapped. The anxiety and fear one has to live in restrict their way of living to a great extent.

Moreover, terrorism has a major impact on the tourism industry. As tourists avoid visiting places that are vulnerable to terrorist attacks, the tourism industry faces a blow. India is a country that earns a lot of its revenue from tourism. When these attacks happen, they cause fear amongst the tourists as well. The ones planning to visit cancel their trips. Similarly, the ones staying presently shorten their trip and leave.

Agencies such as the FBI, the US DOD and the US DOS realize the need to define terrorism. While each definition is a bit different, they do have constant themes. These themes include involving premeditation terrorist acts which are motivated by some political or social agenda, terrorists generally target non-combatants or civilians and are generally sub-national or clandestine groups. The configuration of terrorist groups is generally dependent on one’s environment, relationship with the state, motivation and/or goals.

History of Terrorism
The history of modern terrorism began with the French revolution and has evolved ever since. The most common causes or roots of terrorism include civilizations or culture clashes, globalization, religion, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, or the Russian invasion of Afghanistan. More personal or individual-based reasons for terrorism are frustration, deprivation, negative identity, narcissistic rage, and/or moral disengagement.

Five Types of Terrorism
You will need to be familiar with the five types of terrorism.

State-Sponsored terrorism, which consists of terrorist acts on a state or government by a state or government.
Dissent terrorism, which are terrorist groups which have rebelled against their government.
Terrorists and the Left and Right, which are groups rooted in political ideology.
Religious terrorism, which are terrorist groups which are extremely religiously motivated and
Criminal Terrorism, which are terrorists acts used to aid in crime and criminal profit.

Furthermore, terrorist attacks create a sense of doubt in the foreign investors of India. After all, who would want to invest in a country prone to terrorism? They avoid the risk and instead opt for safer alternatives. This causes a huge blow to the business of India depending on the economic situations.

Terrorism, the calculated use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population and thereby to bring about a particular political objective. Terrorism has been practiced by political organizations with both rightist and leftist objectives, by nationalistic and religious groups, by revolutionaries, and even by state institutions such as armies, intelligence services, and police.

Terrorism is not legally defined in all jurisdictions; the statutes that do exist, however, generally share some common elements. Terrorism involves the use or threat of violence and seeks to create fear, not just within the direct victims but among a wide audience. The degree to which it relies on fear distinguishes terrorism from both conventional and guerrilla warfare. Although conventional military forces invariably engage in psychological warfare against the enemy, their principal means of victory is strength of arms. Similarly, guerrilla forces, which often rely on acts of terror and other forms of propaganda, aim at military victory and occasionally succeed (e.g., the Viet Cong in Vietnam and the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia). Terrorism proper is thus the calculated use of violence to generate fear, and thereby to achieve political goals, when direct military victory is not possible. This has led some social scientists to refer to guerrilla warfare as the “weapon of the weak” and terrorism as the “weapon of the weakest.”

In order to attract and maintain the publicity necessary to generate widespread fear, terrorists must engage in increasingly dramatic, violent, and high-profile attacks. These have included hijackings, hostage takings, kidnappings, mass shootings, car bombings, and, frequently, suicide bombings. Although apparently random, the victims and locations of terrorist attacks often are carefully selected for their shock value. Schools, shopping centres, bus and train stations, and restaurants and nightclubs have been targeted both because they attract large crowds and because they are places with which members of the civilian population are familiar and in which they feel at ease. The goal of terrorism generally is to destroy the public’s sense of security in the places most familiar to them. Major targets sometimes also include buildings or other locations that are important economic or political symbols, such as embassies or military installations. The hope of the terrorist is that the sense of terror these acts engender will induce the population to pressure political leaders toward a specific political end.

Since the 20th century, ideology and political opportunism have led a number of countries to engage in international terrorism, often under the guise of supporting movements of national liberation. (Hence, it became a common saying that “One man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter.”) The distinction between terrorism and other forms of political violence became blurred—particularly as many guerrilla groups often employed terrorist tactics—and issues of jurisdiction and legality were similarly obscured.

These problems have led some social scientists to adopt a definition of terrorism based not on criminality but on the fact that the victims of terrorist violence are most often innocent civilians. Even this definition is flexible, however, and on occasion it has been expanded to include various other factors, such as that terrorist acts are clandestine or surreptitious and that terrorist acts are intended to create an overwhelming sense of fear.

In the late 20th century, the term ecoterrorism was used to describe acts of environmental destruction committed in order to further a political goal or as an act of war, such as the burning of Kuwaiti oil wells by the Iraqi army during the Persian Gulf War. The term also was applied to certain environmentally benign though criminal acts, such as the spiking of lumber trees, intended to disrupt or prevent activities allegedly harmful to the environment.

A man may have a home, possessions, a charming family, and yet find all these things ashy to his taste because he has been outstripped in the marathon race by some other runners to the golden tape line. It is not that he does not possess enough for his wants but that others possess more. It is the more that haunts him, makes him deprecate himself, and minimize his real achievements. This is the cancer eating away at his serenity.
The time has come when a man must say to himself: “I am no longer going to be interested in how much more power or wealth another man possesses so long as I can attain enough for the dignity and security of my family and myself. I am going to break through this vicious circle which always asks the question of life in a comparative degree: ‘Who is bigger?’ ‘Who is richer?’ ‘Who has more?’ I am going to set my goals for myself rather than borrow them from others. I will strive to achieve a mature attitude toward success which is ambition for growth and accomplishment, real accomplishment rather than spurious, decorative, and vanity filled acquisition. I refuse any longer to destroy my peace of mind by striving after wind, and I will judge myself in the scale of goodness and culture as well as in the balance of silver and gold.”
Such a man is on the road to avoiding the neurotic materialism of our age. He is like the poet who does not tear himself to pieces because his sonnet is not equal to that of Shakespeare. He is like the musician who does not always despise his little fugue because it lacks the magic of Bach. He is like the poet or musician who learns to accept himself and to be happy with his own growth from year to year rather than paralyze his gifted pen or his talented ear by contrast with the giants and the immortals.
Psychology will help religion to diminish the worship of the golden calf among men as it aids men to become free of their over excessive demands upon themselves. When, instead of the pathological race for more houses and jewels, cars and refrigerators, bonds and stocks . . . . when, instead of seeking these fictitious goals, men learn a certain modesty about things and become genuinely contented with their real contributions and achievements – only then is serenity achieved. Only when we harness our own creative energies to goals which are of our own adult choice, not imposed upon us by the compulsions of unresolved childhood competition, can we call ourselves mature and happy.

By Joseph Loth Liebman

Taken from Light from many lamps by Lillian Eichler Watson.

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Hello everyone now I am going to ask you some questions I hope you like some interesting confusions question.

1.Can you cry under water?

2.Does fishes ever get thirsty ?

3.Why don’t birds fall of trees when they sleep?

4.When they say dog food is new and improved, who tastes it?

5.If money doesn’t grows on trees why bank have branches?

6.Why does round pizza comes in square box?

7.Why doesn’t glue sticks to its bottle?

8.Why it is called building when it is already built?

Crazy world isn’t it!

I hope you find answer you can help me to get the answers as when I also saw this I was also not able to find the answer. You may think this questions are stupid but if we think logically why these questions are not applicable!

I hope you will help me! Let me know if you get answers!

Thank you for reading my article and have a nice day!

In Enrica Lexie’s case, India’s long-await hasn’t caused any satisfactory result. Italy has command over it since the very beginning and eventually succeeded in its objective. on February 15, 2012, two fishermen sailing on fishing boat St. Antony shot off by two Italian marines, Massimiliano Latorre and Salvotore Girone in India’s contiguous zone. Which is positioned 20.5 nautical miles off the Kerala coast. This incident caused outrage and conflict of opinions over legal jurisdiction and immunity between the governments of India and Italy.

Recently, Permanent Court of Arbitration acknowledged the functional immunity of the two marines accepting the plea of Italy that they were working on a mission on behalf of the Italian government and gave Italy the jurisdiction over the matter, regardless of the fact that, the incident happened in India’s contiguous zone and the victims were the Indians. Due to the non-existence of any unilateral and bilateral and treaty between India and Italy, the Italian marines shouldn’t have gotten away in the name of immunity. This decision has set the menacing precedent for all the countries will now be enacting specific laws to give immunity to the military and paramilitary personnel. This will be troublesome for contiguous States. Albeit, the International  tribunal for the law of the Sea,  ruled that the marines are entitled to compensate India for the loss of life, physical harm, material damage to property, and moral harm, India still seeks for more than just monetary restitution for the unjustified killing of its citizens on mere doubt that the boat was a pirate skiff. Now it is to be seen how Italian court will act against the marines under the criminal law. India as a responsible state accepted the decision made by PCA by the virtue of Article 51 of Indian constitution which mandates it to uphold and respect the International law. Now that India has no jurisdiction over the matter anymore it must not show any leniency in securing the justice for Pink and Valentine if Italian court go to the extreme to support the killers.

Rape is the fourth most common crime against women in India.According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) 2018 annual report, 33,356 rape cases were reported across India in 2018. Out of these, 31,320 were committed by someone known to the victim (93.9% of the cases).

India has been characterised as one of the “countries with the lowest per capita rates of rape”. Many rapes go unreported in various countries including India. In India, consensual sex given on the false promise of marriage constitutes rape.The willingness to report the rape has increased in recent years, after several incidents of rape received widespread media attention and triggered public protest.This led the Government of India to reform its penal code for crimes of rape and sexual assault.

Definition in Indian Penal Code

After 3 February 2013, the definition was revised through the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act 2013, which also raised the legal age of minor to eighteen.

Section-375. A man is said to commit “rape” if he:–– (a) penetrates his penis, to any extent, into the vagina, mouth, urethra or anus of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (b) inserts, to any extent, any object or a part of the body, not being the penis, into the vagina, the urethra or anus of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (c) manipulates any part of the body of a woman so as to cause penetration into the vagina, urethra, anus or any part of body of such woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (d) applies his mouth to the vagina, anus, urethra of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person, under the circumstances falling under any of the following seven descriptions:

Firstly. –– Against her will.

Secondly. –– Without her consent.

Thirdly. –– With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she is interested, in fear of death or of hurt.

Fourthly. –– With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married.

Fifthly. –– With her consent when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome Substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent.

Sixthly. –– With or without her consent, when she is under eighteen years of age.

Seventhly. –– When she is unable to communicate consent.

Even after the 2013 reform, marital rape when the wife and husband live together continued not to be a crime in India. Article 376B of the 2013 law made forced sexual intercourse by a man with his wife – if she is living separately – a crime, whether under a decree of separation or otherwise, punishable with at least a 2-year prison term.Forced sex by a man on his wife may also be considered a prosecutable domestic violence under other sections of Indian Penal code, such as Section 498(A) as well as the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005.The crime of sexual assault on a child, that is anyone below the age of eighteen, is further outlined and mandatory punishments described in The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012.(POCSO)

All sexual acts between the members of the same sex, consensual or forced, was previously a crime under Section 377 of Indian penal code, after the 2013 Criminal Law reform, with punishment the same as that of rape but it was later overturned in a landmark judgement of the Supreme Court on 6 September 2018 which stated all consensual sexual acts between adults who have met the age of consent are not violative of Section 377, hence decriminalizing gay sex in India.On 6 September 2018, the Court ruled unanimously in Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India that Section 377 was unconstitutional “in so far as it criminalises consensual sexual conduct between adults of the same sex”.

A rape in India in every 15 minutes

In India, a rape is reported every 15 minutes, according to recently released official government crime data. The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) data from 2018 has stark revelations about crime in the country.

The NCRB data is usually released after two years, annually. Under the Narendra Modi government the data was inordinately delayed and some aspects are still missing. However, the data on violence against women throws up shocking figures for 2018.

Despite various federal government campaigns such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao – Educate the daughter, Save the daughter – the crime rate per 100,000 women increased to 58.8% in 2018 in comparison with 57.9% in 2017.

A recent verdict in a Delhi gang-rape case handed down after seven years leaves much to be desired.

In 2012, the case of young Delhi-based woman Jyoti Singh, christened Nirbhaya (Fearless) by the media, shook the nation. She was abducted by a group of men and repeatedly raped on a moving bus. They also mutilated her body before throwing her from the bus.

As the details of the ferocity of the attack emerged, the country erupted into protests. This led to a number of changes in India’s rape laws in the hope that speedier trials and harsher punishments would lead to fewer assaults on women.

But her case took seven years to go through India’s judicial system.

In 2013, the criminal law amendment act was passed which criminalized sexual offenses like acid attacks, voyeurism and stalking, and also provided 20-year sentences for rape and the death penalty in extreme rape cases.

A committee was set up under former Chief Justice of India J S Verma. His committee’s report pointed out systemic failures on the part of the government and the Delhi police.

Conclusion

As of 2018, there were 133,000 pending rape cases in the courts. In May, a panel of judges dismissed allegations of sexual harassment against the erstwhile chief justice of India made by a former court employee in a ruling that infuriated women and activists. The chief justice denied the claims.The fact that even a high-profile case like Nirbhaya’s took seven long years to reach a conclusion underscores how slowly the wheels of justice move in the country.

Sexual assault occurs with frightening regularity in this country, adds the activist. We need to evolve punishments that act as true deterrents to the very large number of men who commit these crimes.

According to Flavia Agnes, a women’s rights lawyer and co-founder of Majlis, a feminist organization, India needs a higher budgetary allocation to build the infrastructure and facilities for rape cases. “Why do these cases have to wait long for justice? We need budgetary allocation [and] political will as well as sensitivity down the chain.”

Indian law provides for rape cases to be completed within a year through fast-track courts, there has been a sharp increase in pendency of such cases. According to the data taken from different high courts, and subsequently released by the Union law ministry, the pendency of such cases has increased by more than 46% across the country since March 2018.

Delhi has topped the list and has registered a whopping 353% increase in pending rape cases. However, in absolute terms, the number of pending cases in Uttar Pradesh is the highest – from 36,000 to 67,000 between March 2018 and December 2019. Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan have also registered very high number of pending rape cases.

What makes you different is what makes you special.

Do you know why some peoples’ life end up in a way that they most despised? It’s not because they are less capable, nor they lack any talents. It happens when you compare your life with some body else’s. I always wonder why people want to travel in the same line of others? Why copying the same pattern when you are left with millions of other choices? Amidst the uniformity that surrounds you,there is one thing that you should keep reminding yourself that life is not same for all. It will never be!

Imagine a life which is equivalent for all. How monotonous and dull it would have been. If every person was good at everything and every one had same talents and experiences then what’s the beauty in it? Beauty lies in diversity. Explore the things that you are skilled in. Instead of following what others do and say, try experiencing what you are capable of. What makes you different is what makes you special. You become special when you explore the gift that you are blessed with. And not all people are blessed with the same gift. It varies. So try to find out what’s good in you. Never compare yourself with any body as that cant cause any good.

Accept the way you are and love yourself.

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Hello everyone today we are going to know some interesting facts about cat.Let’s Start.

1.There is a fattest cat who holds the Guinness world record.

2.Cats bites are dangerous as the cat teeth are sharp and narrow the resulting wound will heal up easily resulting in bacteria trapped beneath the skin.

3.When you see a cat slowly closes its eye and opens them again or winks at you it means they trust you and recognize you as their friend.

4.The Toldo cat name brings always gift affection to his late owner graveyards.

5.H.P .Love craft wrote an whole essay about cats are why better than dogs.

6.There is Protein which gives cat extra toes is Sonic Hedge Dog.

7.Cat don’t like to drink water if the food is near by them.

8.There is a position given to the cat i.e Chief mouser to the Cabinet Office.

9.A cat whose name was pudding saved his owner life just hour after his adaption.

10.There is a breed of cats who are known as Munchkins as they have short legs and are very adorable.

So this are some facts about cat.

I hope you like it.

Let me know which fact you like.

Thank you for reading my article and have a nice day!