Month: July 2021

THE ONE NATION ,ONE ELECTION

We heard about the one nation, one election system also known as simultaneous election that because there is a proposal to conduct the elections to the Lok Sabha and a State assemblies at the same time. The concept was introduced by our Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2016. Due to the introduction there going an over all discussion about the topic of ” simultaneous election”.

One Step taken by the Law Commission submitted draft report to our government on 30 August 2018 , showing the proposal of the concept. It also suggested the changes to the Constitution and the electoral law for the simultaneous polls .

The idea of “One Nation, One Election” introduced a system where elections to all states and the Lok Sabha will have to be held simultaneously. This will involve the rebuilding of the Indian election cycle in a manner that elections to the states and the central integrate . This mean that the voters will cast their vote for electing members of the Lok Sabha and the state assemblies on a single day, at the same time .

In my opinion I don’t support the concept of The One Nation, One Election because the simultaneous election will erode our Constitution there will be weaken democracy and also obliterate regional parties . Yes some people support the concept because of the reduce vast costs involved in separate election but expenses can’t be an excuse for supporting the concept.

The PM has justified two points , Firstly that often conducting elections is a costly affair, and holding elections simultaneously will make them less expensive. Second, that “regularly” elections mean that the model code of conduct (MCC) is frequently in place, which assumedly prevents the government from focusing on the development activities of our country.

Parliamentary democracy is part of the basic structure of the Constitution, as is federalism. The most important feature of parliamentary democracy is that elected legislatures are dynasty, and that the government of the day is only lawful as long as it enjoys a majority in the legislature. In other words, parliamentary democracy is sustained by fixed term elections, regardless of how much they cost and regardless of whether these are in duet with other state elections or not.

It is unfair to the voters to wait for the government simply because the PM supported all elections will be held together our country is an democratic nation which have a vast population simultaneous election will be a threat to democracy and federalism.

 The Constitution measure subjects on which the states alone are able to legislate or administer, without interference from the Centre. State governments do not function at the delight of the Union government but the proprietorship of the state legislature. If a state legislature fails to throw up a government, then the Constitution provides a simple solution to this instability — re-elections. 

National and state issues are different, and simultaneous election will affect the decision and judgement of the voters where we believe election is the most important role of democracy.

Since elections will be held once in five years, it will reduce the government’s liability to the people. Repeated elections increases liability

One nation-one election will also mean the total destroy of regional parties , the more national parties than regional or hyperlocal parties and mean the destruction of India’s multi-party system in support of a unipolar electoral platform. The absence of regional parties will mean that regional concerns are left without a voice at the decision-making table.

To treat India’s diversity as somehow will severely damage federalism and parliamentary democracy. By choosing to sacrifice constitutional principles and danger position to our democracy system of India.

Written by : Rasmita Dey

Healthy Lifestyle

Overview
What do you mean by Healthy Lifestyle? It is not just the good health of a person. A healthy lifestyle also includes a healthy routine, and healthy eating habits, etc. Good nutrition, daily exercise, and adequate sleep are the foundations of healthy living. A healthy lifestyle keeps you fit, energetic, and at reduced risk for disease. According to WHO, Healthy living is a way of living that helps you enjoy more aspects of your life. It is a way of living that lowers the risk of being seriously ill or dying early. Health is not just about avoiding a disease or illness. It is about physical, mental, and social well-being too. When you adopt a healthy lifestyle, you provide a more positive role model for other people in your family, particularly children. You will also create a better environment for them to grow up in. By helping them to follow a healthier lifestyle, you will contribute to their well-being and enjoyment of life now and in the future.
Factors that affect your lifestyle on a regular basis
Managing stress in positive ways, instead of through smoking or drinking alcohol, reduces wear, and tear on your body at the molecular level. For a longer and more comfortable life, you should adopt a healthy lifestyle. Following factors may affect your lifestyle on a regular basis:
Eating
It plays a vital role in your lifestyle. It is providing nutrients to the body so that it can help in cell growth and metabolism. You need to eat a varied diet to get essential nutrients in the form of protein, vitamins, carbohydrates, minerals, and fats. Consume lean meat such as chicken along with legumes, eggs, and nuts for healthy living. Also, a balanced diet is needed to maintain a good lifestyle which lies under eating habits. Not just eating healthy food but, drinking healthy liquids like juice, and green tea, etc.
Exercise
Your lifestyle should include exercise. It majorly contributes to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Calories accompany the nutrition in food and if you don’t exercise, you’ll gain weight. Carrying extra weight increases your risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Your lifestyle should support a constant healthy weight for normal daily activity. You should always do muscle-strengthening exercises, such as weight lifting, along with aerobic exercises, such as walking or running. You should also include exercise, such as yoga to improve body flexibility.
Sleeping
Daily metabolism perpetuates the decline and rejuvenation of cellular tissue and the body’s self-repair takes place when you are asleep. Memory consolidation and appetite regulation also occur during this time of reduced physical activity. Seven to nine hours of night sleep daily is considered an optimum for most individuals for a healthy lifestyle.
Reducing Stress
Your body responds to everyday stress with a release of hormones that prepare you to react. Although some stress is inevitable and necessary, the excess can lead to various health problems. If you don’t relieve this excessively stressful state through relaxation, the effects build and can create muscular pain, headaches, sleep disturbances, and other symptoms. A lifestyle that includes regular stress management, breaks this cycle before it can progress to unhealthy levels.

DO’SDON’TS
Proper sleep of at least 6 hoursAvoid taking more than 8-hour sleep
Eating healthy food/Maintain a balanced diet Avoid Eating junk food
Adapt healthy and good habitsAvoid smoking and drinking
Exercise daily to be fitAvoid being lazy and lethargic
Do meditate for at least 5-10 minutesAvoid eating sugary contents/ snacks
Stay HappyStop complaining

Yoga

Yoga is derived from Sanskrit word ‘Yuj’ (verb) which means unite. Yog means union of individual soul with the absolute soul. It also means unification of physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual aspects of human being

Benefits of Yoga

  1. Physical Purity :- There are three substance in our body i.e; vaat, pitt and kaph. If these three substance is in proper balance we may remain healthy. Neti, Dhoti, Nauli, Basti, Tratak etc. are some yogic exercise which keep internal organ of our body in clean state.
  2. Reduces Mental Tension :- Prathyahar, Dharna and Dhyan plays important role for restoring peace of mind. Makarasana, Shavasana, Shalabhasana are benefical for releasing stress.
  3. Spiritual Develpoment :- We can generate good control on our mind by doing regular exercises. Padmasana and Siddhasana are the best asana for spiritual development.
  4. Increase Flexibility :- Flexibility plays a significant role in every ones life. Flexibility makes the body movement efficiently. Chakrasana, Dhanurasana, Halasana, Bhujangasana are beneficial for increasing flexibility.
  5. Reduces Obesity :- Nowadays obesity is worldwide problem. Obese people may suffered from various diseases. Pranayama and meditative asana reduces obesity.

Physiological Benefits of Asana

  1. Bones and joints become strong.
  2. Muscles become strong.
  3. Circulation of blood becomes normal.
  4. Improves Immune system.
  5. Respiratory organ become efficient.

Physiological Benefits of Pranayamas

  1. Improves the supply of oxygen.
  2. Enhance elimination of waste product.
  3. Lungs become strong.
  4. Reduces stress.
  5. Purifies nervous system.

Types of Security Attacks

Active Attacks

It is an attempts to alter system resources or affect their operation. It includes Modification of data, or creation of false data.

Four categories
 Masquerade
 Replay
 Modification of messages
 Denial of service

  1. Masquerade : It takes place when one entity pretends to be a different entity. For example, authentication sequences can be captured and replayed after a valid authentication sequence has taken place, thus enabling an authorized entity with few privileges to obtain extra privileges by impersonating an entity that has those privileges.
  2. Replay : Replay involves the passive capture of a data unit and its subsequent retransmission to produce an unauthorized effect.
  3. Modification of Messages : Modification of messages simply means that some portion of a legitimate message is altered, or that messages are delayed or reordered, to produce an unauthorized effect.
  4. Denial of Service : The denial of service prevents or inhibits the normal use or management of communications facilities. This attack may have a specific target; for example, an entity may suppress all messages directed to a particular destination (e.g., the security audit service). Another form of service denial is the disruption of an entire network, either by disabling the network or by overloading it with messages so as to degrade performance.

Passive Attacks

It attempts to learn or make use of information from the system but does not affect system resources. Passive attacks are in the nature of eavesdropping on, or monitoring of, transmissions. The goal of the opponent is to obtain information that is being transmitted.

Two types of passive attacks:

  • Release of Message Contents
  • Traffic Analysis
  1. Release of Message Contents : A telephone conversation, an electronic mail message, and a transferred file may contain sensitive or confidential information. We would like to prevent an opponent from learning the contents of these transmissions.
  2. Traffic Analysis : The opponent could determine the location and identity of communicating hosts and could observe the frequency and length of messages being exchanged. This information might be useful in guessing the nature of the communication that was taking place.

Chamoli disaster

Avalanche

• A large amount of snow moving quickly down a
mountain- on slopes of 30 to 45 degrees.

• When it stops, the snow becomes solid – people
may die from suffocation, trauma or hypothermia.

Flash Floods

• Caused by heavy rainfall in a short period of time – generally less than 6 hours.

• Characteristics: raging torrents after heavy rains.
 Rip through river beds, urban streets, or mountain canyons etc.

• Can also occur even if no rain has fallen.
 After a dam has failed/after a sudden release of water by ice jam.

Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)

• Glacial lakes: bodies of water influenced by the presence of glaciers.

• Moraine: field of dirt and rocks/debris moving with glaciers- •

When glacier melts, it will change into a lake- moraines act as a dam to the lake.

• When this moraine dam fails- water will be drained through the subsurface tunnels.

• GLOF: release of meltwater from a moraine/ice-dam glacial lake due to dam failure.

Cloudbursts

• A sudden, very heavy rainfall- localised and brief.

• Most cloudbursts occur in connection with
thunderstorms.

• Usually occurs in high altitude areas.
 Formation of a low-pressure zones on
the top of a mountain.

TEACHER’S DAY

Teacher’s day Celebration

In India, Teachers’ Day is celebrated annually on September 5 to mark the birthday of the country’s former President, scholar, philosopher and Bharat Ratna awardee,Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan who was born on this day in 1888.

World Teacher’s day celebration

World Teachers’ Day, also known as International Teachers Day, is an international day. Established in 1994, it commemorates the signing of the 1966 UNESCO/ILO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers, which is a standard-setting instrument that addresses the status and situations of teachers around the world.

This recommendation outlines standards relating to education personnel policy, recruitment, and initial training.World Teachers’ Day aims to focus on “appreciating, assessing and improving the educators of the world” and to provide an opportunity to consider issues related to teachers and teaching.

World Teachers’ Day 2020 will celebrate teachers with the theme ‘Teachers: leading in crisis, reimagining the future’. This theme reflects the commitment teachers have made as leaders particularly teaching throughout the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, in a range of environments.


Wishing you joy and happiness, you are an amazing teacher, and you only deserve the best. The best teachers teach from the heart, not from the book. Thank you for all Teachers.

Best Teachers

You are the spark, the inspiration, the guide, the candle to my life. I am deeply thankful that you are my teacher. Books, sports, homework and knowledge, you are the pillar of our success and in the classroom, you are the best of all.

Significance of September 5

Teachers’ Day is celebrated on September 5, every year on the occasion of the birth anniversary of India’s second President, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was
✓The first Vice President.

✓the second President of India.

Positive messages

✓“Let your unique awesomeness and positive energy inspire confidence in others.”

✓“Wherever you go, no matter what the weather, always bring your own sunshine.”

✓“If you want light to come into your life, you need to stand where it is shining.”

✓“Success is the sum of small efforts repeated day in and day out.”

TEACHER is a full form of

T – Talent

E – Education

A – Attitude

C – Character

H – Harmony

E – Efficient

R – Relation

HAPPY TEACHER’S DAY!!!

|Birsa Movement|

Birsa Movement

Birsa movement named after Birsa Munda is one of the prominent 19th-century tribal rebellions in the subcontinent. It took place in the region south of Ranchi in 1899-1900. The Ulgulan or the great tumult sought to establish Munda Raj and independence.

Causes:

Economic causes- Mundas traditionally enjoyed the role of ‘Khuntkattidars’ or the original cleaners of the forest. With the coming of the non-tribals, the Mundas could see the erosion of this system. They started facing land alienation. The incidences of forced labor or Begar also increased.

Spread of Education- The spread of education through Christian missionaries made the tribals more organized and conscious of their rights. They became aware of how their culture was perceived by non-tribals.

Role of Birsa Munda- He played an important role in spreading awareness among the tribals and providing definite direction to the movement. He called upon the Mundas to fight against superstition, give up animal sacrifice, etc. He organized masses to stop paying debts to the moneylenders.

The course of the movement:

Birsa awakened the masses and sowed the seeds of revolt in them against the landlords as well as the Britishers. He formed two military units, one for military training and armed struggle and the other for propaganda. He traveled far and wide across villages giving discourses and building a politico-military organization.

The British fearing a conspiracy jailed Birsa for two years in 1895. The rebels attacked the police stations, officials, zamindars, and moneylenders. On 9th January 1900, the rebels were defeated and Birsa Munda was arrested and died in jail.

Result of the movement:

The struggle against the exploitation and discrimination of the tribals led to passing of the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act in 1908.

Chotanagpur Tenancy Act 1908 restricted the passing of land from the tribal people to non-tribals,recognised the ‘Khuntkatti rights’ and banned forced labour.

Hence , the Birsa Movement continues to remain one of the most significant revolt fought for the rights of the tribals. 

Climate Change

• Long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional and
global climates.
 Frequent and intense drought.
 Increased frequency and intensity of storms and heat waves.
 Caused rising sea levels, melting of glaciers and warming of oceans.
 Directly harm flora and fauna, destroy the places they live, and wreak havoc on people’s livelihoods
and communities.

Atlas of Glacial Lakes

• Ministry of Jal Shakti -updated atlas of glacial
lakes that are part of the Ganga River basin.

• Similar inventory of glacial lakes was prepared for the Indus River basin.

• Present Ganga study – Glacial lakes were mapped
using Resourcesat-2 (RS-2) Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor-IV (LISS-IV) satellite data.

• Process of lake formation, location, and type of damming material – glacial lakes are identified in
nine different types & majorly grouped into four
categories.

• Bhuvan portal of National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO.

• Create “comprehensive and systematic” glacial lake database for Ganga River basin.

Ganga River

• Ganga rises in the Gangotri glacier -Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand.

• Source -Bhagirathi.

 At Devprayag joining another hill stream Alaknanda becomes Ganga.

• Principal tributaries from right – Yamuna, the Son and the Damodar.

• Principal tributaries from left -The Ramganga, the Ghaghra, the Gomati, the Gandak, the Kosi and the
Mahananda.
• The Chambal and the Betwa -important sub- tributaries.

• River Ganga -Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.

• River basin -Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Haryana,
Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh and the Union Territory of Delhi.

Film certification and censorship inIndia

Cinematograph Act of 1952

 Film certification and censorship in India
 Established the Central board for film certification
 Statutory body
 Under ministry of information and
broadcasting
 Head quartered in Mumbai
 Members of the committee are appointed by the central
government inc Chairman.

• Justice Mukul Mudgal, 2013 – To examine the issues of certification under the Cinematograph Act, 1952.

• Shri Shyam Benegal Committee in 2016

  • To evolve broad guidelines for film certification within the ambit of the
    Cinematograph Act and Rules.
  • • With that consultation the ministry has
    proposed to introduce the
    Cinematograph (Amendment) Bill, 2021.
  • • Up for public consultati

• Age-based categories:

 ‘Unrestricted public exhibition’ category is
proposed to be amended
 Film category
 “U” – unrestricted public exhibition
 “A” – restricted to adult audiences
 “UA” – unrestricted public exhibition subject to parental guidance for children below the age of twelve
 “S” – Restricted to a special class of audience.

• Draft bill proposes to further sub-divide the
existing UA category into age-based categories –
U/A 7+, U/A 13+ and U/A 16+

• Amendment of sub-section (3) of section 5A – ‘Validity of certificate’

 Act of 1952 – certificate issued by the CBFC is valid for 10 years
 Amendment – certificate will be valid in
perpetuity.

• Adding sub-section(1) of section 6 – when the Central government received any
complaints for violation of section 5B(1) on any film that is already certified by CBFC –
in that case the Central government may ask
the chairman of the CBFC to reconsider the certification.

• Film piracy – insertion of section 6AA:

 Piracy rose 62% in India in the last week of March 2020 compared to the last week of February 2020 following the
COVID lockdowns.
 Cinematograph Act, 1952 – No provision
to check privacy
 Prohibits unauthorised recording
 Prescribes punishment – imprisonment for
minimum of three months and maximum
of three years, fines the individual with
minimum of Rs 3 lakhs.

Criticism

• An attempt by union government o act as a “super censor” body.
 SC in K.M. Shankarappa vs Union of India, 2000 case – Union government
cannot exercise revision powers on films that are already certified by the CBFC
 Despite the SC judgement, this is an attempt to add another layer to quell
freedom of expression through films
 Government scraped the existence of Film Certificate Appellate Tribunal
(FCAT) through an ordinance. (A body to hear appeals of film-makers against decisions of the CBFC)

Conclusion

A way to stifle free speech as expressed
through films. And that is why this draft
bill is being criticised

How to live life happy?

“Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.”

Aristotle

Aristotle said this more than 2,000 years ago. And it still holds true today. What is the true purpose of life, if not to live a happy life until we die?


Happiness is one of the most sought-after goals in life, yet for many it seems to be elusive. In reality, happiness is available to all of us, right now. A big house or a new car won’t actually make you happier; it’s the simple joys in life that bring true happiness. Read on to learn 10 simple ways that you can start living a happier life today.

1. Do What You Love
If your passion is playing soccer, writing poems, or teaching children how to swim, make time to do it. You’ll find that when you’re doing what you love, you’re filled with joy. How much better does that sound than forcing yourself do something you don’t like?

2. Help Others
Sometimes after we’ve achieved our own personal goals, we still feel empty inside because we haven’t made a meaningful contribution to someone else’s life. When we volunteer or help others, it feels good to just be of service to someone else. The impact we make feels fulfilling and is a big potential source for our own happiness.


3. Be Thankful
When you think of all the things that you have to be grateful for, you realize how blessed you already are. Without even realizing it, we take our basic necessities for granted — a roof over your head and plenty of food to eat. By appreciating the things that you already have, you’ll begin to feel happier in your life.

4. Exercise
When was the last time you went to the gym or worked out? Exercise reduces stress and releases endorphins, also known as a “runner’s high.” Playing sports is a fun way to exercise as well, whether it’s kicking around a soccer ball or shooting hoops.

5. Find Ways to Manage Stress
Don’t let stress rob you of your birthright to be happy. You deserve to be happy, and it wouldn’t be right to let stress get in the way. Practices such as meditation can help you to manage stress better and feel great.

6. Eat Healthy
It’s much more challenging to feel truly happy when you’re sick. But when you eat right, you feel better both physically and mentally. And you’ll avoid that guilty feeling that you just pigged out on junk food.

7. Spend Time With Your Loved Ones
There’s no replacement for spending quality time with your loved ones. We’re social beings, even if you’re an introvert or a loner. People love spending time with their friends and family for good conversation, bonding, and some laughs. Life’s too short to live it completely alone.

8. Dump Negative Thinking
You already know that negative thinking will bring you down. So how do you stop it? Become more aware of it and try replacing your negative thoughts with some positive ones. Spend less time with negative people and more time with positive people.


9. Take a Walk in Nature
Spending time out in nature can be very refreshing and renewing, especially when you’re living in an artificial, manmade world. Taking a walk in your local woods or park and getting some fresh air can allow you to appreciate the beauty of the natural world.

10. Be Yourself
As Steve Jobs said, “Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.” Accept who you are, just be yourself, and you’ll feel a world of difference.

Choosing the Best School for your Child

Well, actually, it’s both … the charm of hummingbirds is most certainly apropos and “a charm” of hummingbirds is actually factual! Yep, that’s right, the collective noun for these unique creatures – just like a gaggle of geese or a flock of birds, is a charm of hummingbirds. Since the definition of the noun ‘charm’ is “the power of giving delight or arousing admiration,” one doesn’t need to be a wordsmith to see how right that is. Hummingbirds are charming. And there are over 330 varieties of the species, Trochilidae, which is their biological family name and they’re found in the Western Hemisphere. When one sees a hummingbird, it’s a stunning, stop-in-your-tracks sight. Their brilliant throat color is actually a result of the iridescence in the arrangement of their feathers, not color pigment. Light level, moisture, angle of viewing and other factors all influence just how bright and colorful their throats may appear. Perhaps you’ve heard them, too – the name hummingbird comes from the buzzing sound of their fast-flapping wings.Hummers are migrant birds, so although many stay close to the Equator, lots of varieties travel this time of year, so there may be a ‘charm’ coming to your backyard soon. If you have the desire to see one up close or are curious about how to attract them to your yard, the folks at Cole’s Wild Bird Feed Co have got you covered. First, they figured out the engineering of an elegant, deceptively simple, easy-to-use (and easy-to-clean!) feeder. The patented Hummer High Rise has a clever design that offers a stress-free position for your charming guests to get their fill, a fantastic 360-degree vista, all the while keeping other unwanted creatures at bay.For example there’s an ant moat that stops the armies of industrious workers who’d love to get some sweet nectar, from beating a path to the liquid food. The genius is, it’s an actual moat, with nothing but H2O keeping the ants at bay, so while it does its job, it doesn’t do harm. Nice! A charm magnet. The second definition for the noun ‘charm’ is a small ornament worn on a necklace or bracelet. Hummingbirds weigh on average the same as a nickel, so while you’ll want to wear a replica from the jewelers, Hummers can be your own garden’s jewelry all season long.And in return for their arousing your admiration, they’ll feed on those annoying garden insects and pests. For their small size, hummers eat a lot. They are voracious eaters, feeding on mosquitos, gnats, spiders, aphids and other six-legged creepy crawlers. But, besides pests for protein, their primary ‘food group’ is nectar, which they get in by flitting from flower to flower and using their long beaks and equally long tongues to get their fill. All that flitting is exhausting!Since hummingbirds drink up to half their body weight a day of nectar you can help them out by keeping your High Rise fully stocked, for a one-stop fill of their favorite nectar treat.Let’s not leave out the definition of the verb, “charm,” which is to “delight greatly.” If you want these Disney-esque caricatures to delight you on a regular basis with their wonder – and bring their distinctive song to your yard – there is something you can buy: the creme-de la creme of what these charmers crave: Nature’s Garden from Cole’s.By identifying and harnessing the nutrients of the hummer’s favorite wildflowers, and tapping their vast store of wild bird knowhow, Cole’s has created the next-best-thing to actual flower nectar – a proprietary formula that’s far and away a cut above your ‘garden-variety’ sugar water. Nature’s Garden is a healthy, all-natural alternative to homemade syrup, no mixing and no boiling required. It comes in an eco-friendly soft pouch; just shake and pour. You’ll be delighted with how easy it is to keep your hummer feeder filled and overjoyed at seeing hummers frequent your yard. Your neighborhood hummingbirds will love it, so they’ll keep coming back.A brief postscript: a natural predator to the hummingbird is the praying mantis. Despite their equally small size and saintly appearance, they feed on our fascinating feathered friends and are a real threat (and a protected species), so if you find a mantis hanging around your High Rise, take care to evict it gently, to a lower piece of real estate and keep hummers safe.

POST COVID PHASE

“Courage above all is the first quality, by a warrior” – Karl Von Clause

Kudos to you for going through the pain and struggles caused by the covid virus and completing the quarantine period. Yes, that’s a brilliant effort from your side. The virus would have lost its power and is of no harm anymore. But the effects caused by the virus in the past 2 weeks would persist in your body for quite a period. That may sound hard to believe, but it’s the ground reality. No worries, a warrior is prone to struggles and he might easily overcome them,

Common effects post covid:

  • Tiredness: Most people feel tired for two to three weeks post covid. They might feel that they do not have the same energy to do their works or might feel pain while walking even for a shorter distance.
  • Weight loss: If you are prone to diarrhea, vomit, and high fever for more than one day, you might surely suffer from this. You might have shed two to three kilograms of weight. Do not freak out by this. Think in an alternative way. You have reduced your wait without the efforts you would usually put on a gym.
  • Hairfall: Yeah you have heard it right. Hairfall is more common in the post covid phase. This will be happening for two weeks.
  • Shortness of breath:  will be the for a long time. In case if you have used oxygen support during the treatment, then it would take time for your lungs to breathe normally. It’s natural that if our body metabolism is affected by an external factor, it would have an edge off in it. 

Do’s and Dont’s post covid:

  • Although you might have been bored sitting in one place with mere physical activity in the past weeks, you must not actively involve in physical activities which involve huge efforts. Avoid lifting heavy weights, staying up late, and watching a digital screen for a long time.  
  • You might have done a regular exercise or a walk of over three kilometers of cycling for an hour daily. Do not expect the same energy at the initial phase. Try to start with a walk of half a kilometer and increase the distance day by day. 
  • Drink plenty of water and stay hydrated throughout the day.
  • Practice simple breathing exercises which you could find on youtube to strengthen your lungs. It is better to practice them early in the morning. Sunlight might shower you with additional benefits.
  • Plan a diet of protein-rich foods. If you feel that you are not able to eat properly due to throat pain, eat in bits. Vegetable salads, fresh juices, mushrooms, nuts, milk, eggs would help you to regain your stamina. 
  • Avoid going out frequently for a month. Even if you have a necessity, follow all the safety precautions. 
  • Reduce talking over phones for more than an hour. You will feel shortness of breath.

All the effects will gradually fade away after a month and you start to  feel better, Have a great recovering phase ahead. 

Women’s Financial Security Post COVID-19

The daunting number of jobs lost by women during the coronavirus pandemic is only the beginning of the story.Yes, it’s widely recognized that women have taken the brunt of the nation’s total job losses — they’re still down 5.3 million vs. 4.6 million for men even with the economy having rebounded somewhat off its COVID-19 lows — largely because working remotely isn’t possible in the hard-hit businesses like restaurants, hotels and retail stores where females dominate. And, yes, it’s also recognized that many moms were forced to drop out to look after their kids after schools went remote — with nearly four out of 10 currently working women still actively considering doing likewise, according to a recent survey by Fidelity Investments.But what’s not talked about as much is this: the potential long-term consequences of having had their financial security and career prospects upended by the pandemic.”Being in a position to take a career break by choice can be considered a privilege,” said Lorna Kapusta, head of women investors at Fidelity. “But we know for many in times of crisis like this one that stepping back from work is more like a necessity. Either way, it’s critically important to understand the decision’s impact on your savings today and into the future, so you can take steps to address it.”Fidelity conducted an analysis of the estimated effect even a one-year career break could have on retirement savings, and the results are staggering.Exhibit No. 1: Say you took your “break” at age 35 when you’d been earning $50,000 a year and had to subsequently accept a slightly lower salary just to get back into the workforce. Assuming a conservative 4.5 percent annual growth rate and factoring in lost retirement contributions — including a 3 percent match from your ex-employer on top of what would have been your own 9 percent contribution — your 401(k) would be $106,469 lighter ($733,325 vs. $839,594) by the time you turned 67.Exhibit No. 2: Substitute a $75,000 salary and the difference is even bigger ($159,702, or $1,099,679 vs. $1,259,381).Exhibit No. 3: And bigger still at $100,000 ($212,936, or $1,466,233 vs. $1,679,169).Plus, don’t forget there’s also the matter of lost Social Security contributions. “Your benefit is calculated based on your top 35 years of earnings,” said Kapusta. “So if you work fewer years, have a lower salary, or don’t reach the minimum eligibility, you may have a smaller check when it comes time to collect in retirement.” All of which helps explain the impetus for launching Fidelity’s weekly Q&A discussion series called “Women Talk Money.” Airing live on Zoom every Wednesday at noon ET and available later on demand, each 30-minute interactive episode uses viewer-submitted questions to address a different topic each week, ranging from job loss to health care to the hidden costs of caregiving.”It’s real talk to help answer women’s most pressing money questions right now — no jargon or judgment,” said Kapusta, noting that the program’s six-part, archived video series is also must-see viewing for those who want to learn the key factors that can significantly impact women’s financial futures.Finally, some historical perspective. When the Labor Department first started tracking such data back in 1948, only one third of women held jobs. That number had nearly doubled by the late 1990s.And today? The ratio of women working has fallen below 57 percent for the first time since 1988.

Criminal justice system

• TADA and UAPA – anti-terror special laws.
 2015-2019- 7,840 persons were arrested under UAPA but only 155 were convicted.
 TADA-67,000 people were detained but just 725 were convicted.

• Kartar Singh case – prosecution had unjustifiably invoked provisions of TADA ‘with an oblique motive of depriving the accused persons from getting bail’.

 ‘Nothing but the sheer misuse and abuse of the Act by the police’.

No consensus

• Grossly misused – no consensus on definition of
the term ‘terrorism’.

• Neither TADA/UAPA defines -‘terror’ and ‘terrorism’.

 Section 15 (UAPA) – Any act with intent to threaten or likely to threaten the unity,
integrity, security, or sovereignty of India or with intent to strike terror or likely to strike terror in the people.
 UAPA – acts committed by using bombs, dynamite or other explosive substances or
inflammable substances or firearms or other lethal weapons or poisonous or
noxious gases … or by any other means of whatever nature to cause or likely to
cause death or injuries…

Judicial Cases .

• Yaqoob Abdul Razzak Memon case – Terrorist acts range from threats to actual
assassinations, kidnappings, airline hijacking, car bombs, explosions, mailing of dangerous materials, use of chemical, biological, nuclear
weapons etc.

• Hitendra Vishnu Thakur case – ‘use of violence when its most important result is
not merely the physical and mental damage of the victim but the prolonged psychological effect it produces … on the society as a whole’.

 Overawe the government or disturb the harmony of society or ‘terrorise’ people…’.

 Deliberate and systematic use of coercive intimidation’.

• Kartar Singh case – Mere disturbance of public
order is not a terrorist act.

• Ram Manohar Lohia case -Distinction between ‘law and order’, ‘public order’ and ‘security of state’.

 Law and order represent the largest circle within which is the next circle representing ‘public order’ and the smallest circle
represents the ‘security of state’.

 Act may affect ‘law and order’ but not ‘public order’.  Act may adversely affect ‘public order’ but not the ‘security of state.’

 Police have failed to understand these distinctions.

Way Forward

• Police will be far more cautious in charging people under special laws like
UAPA and TADA.

• No anti-terror law can really end the problem of terrorism.

• Must remove injustices in our society to combat terrorism.

• Creation of a truly just, egalitarian and non-oppressive society – far more effective in combating terrorism.

Computers in detail

Definition

A computer is a machine that performs tasks and calculations according to a series of instructions or program operations (circuits, etc.) and software (OS, the underlying software that controls the hardware when the user issues instructions).

Programming

You don’t need a car, its function is the same as a jukebox that keeps playing tracks. For example, they want to tell the music box to play different music every time. They want to program the music box so that it can play different music. This part of the history of computers is called “the history of programmable machines.” “This is a concise sentence in the history of machines. When I speak their language, I can order to do different things.”

The role of computers in daily life

Today’s computers are fast, small and small. Powerful. Computers can save money, time and labor; otherwise it would take months or years to complete in a few seconds with computers. Launch satellites using a simple application on our desktop. According to the requirements, the storage capacity and speed of the computer will be different. For example, NASA and other companies that use high-speed supercomputers, because speed is an important part of your business. Computers are cheaper than smart phones. The essence is in hand. At home, computers provide opportunities to access social networks, read books, or work from home.In the office, they are the most important because they are the most important form of work. Although computers can help with almost everything from shopping to work to taking notes or playing games, people rely heavily on computers for almost everything. Computers make life easier and faster than ever. Large storage rooms are of great help to today’s business. The data received from different systems is stored on the computer for later use. In addition, previous shopping, reading, work, arithmetic, calling appointments and events or activating alarms all occurred in different places. Now everything can be done with our smart phone. If the book is bulky, it would be great to bring ten books. Now; millions of books are within reach. There is no need to check calendars anymore, because they have been replaced by reminders that automatically remind us of important events and clocks that only need to be activated once. These are some basic tasks that are performed daily, and it is difficult to work without a computer. Computers are no longer a luxury, they can be used in different forms on different platforms, for example as smart phones. Computers are also very helpful in medicine and have undergone extensive development in the past decade. Addictive.All in all, we can say that computers have profoundly affected our lives, and changes are no longer associated with ease, habit, and popularity.

The above is a small example of computers, but as far as modern technology is concerned, computers have changed our way of life. Computers are not only used for arithmetic but are now active in teaching, industrial purposes, automated processes, data management, analysis, personal and group entertainment, Music synthesis, professional photo and video editing, hardcore games, research goals, creating new software and applications to make life easier, shopping, banking, marketing, and even participating in the artificial creation of intelligent creatures with deep learning concepts and machine learning.