Day: August 19, 2021

Why are the whales the biggest animals ever?

Most people are aware of the whales that can grow up to a massive 98 feet in length but did you know that just a few million years ago they only grew to about 32 feet. There are lots of different species of whales out there in today’s time approximately over 80 and some of the popular whales are the killer whale, the humpback whale, the beluga whale, the grey whale, the sperm whale and the blue whales. They are somewhat different in colour and shape but one common thing is that they’re all pretty impressive in size. For example, the sperm whale is the largest toothed predator on earth and the blue whale is the largest animal ever they are even larger than a dinosaur, woolly mammoth or any other living creature we know of that has ever lived on our planet.


Nearly 50 million years ago, Whales first came into existence and they looked nothing like they do today in fact they didn’t even live underwater. The first whale was Pakicetus, this was a four-footed land mammal and is known as the first whale and it was about the size of a wolf and was a carnivore.


According to the American Museum of Natural History fossils found in Pakistan back in 1983 revealed that these mammals lived on land by shallow waters. Some scientists believe that Pakicetus was a land dweller who is forced to swim in the ocean due to a lack of food on land or warm temperatures as they spent more and more time in the water the animal evolved into a creature that lived in the sea over the years this evolution helped the whales to develop features like fins instead of legs so that they could adapt to living in the water.


Pakicetus displayed whale-like characteristics like a long skull paleontologists also had a unique ear bone something that’s distinctive. They evolved thanks to our environmental changes over time that influenced the animal’s habitat diet and behaviour. The Natural History Museum in London explains that one of the first evolved mammals to come from Pakicetus was a species known as Ambulocetus, who lived near an estuary between 50 to 48 million years ago. Similar to Pakicetus this species of early whale had four feet however its hind legs were shorter and resembled flippers they also formed a special tail for swimming using these to swim faster in the water.


Over a period of about 37 million years, Pakicetus gradually evolved into over 80 different species of whales you heard that right it took 37 million years for this evolution to take place that’s why 27 and a half million years ago one of the first whales was significantly smaller than they are today this particular species of whale was just 18 feet long and had baleen instead of teeth. For some who don’t know baleen then, Baleen is a filtration system that whales have that pushes the water out of their mouths keeping animals like krill which are small shrimp-like crustaceans in their mouths for them to eat the bristles of baleen are comprised of keratin the same keratin that humans have in their fingernails and hair today about a dozen existing whale species have baleen the rest have teeth but these teeth are different than the ones humans have.


Since they’re designed to catch prey rather than chew it whales definitely didn’t start out as the Titans of the sea they are today as their smaller size made them easy prey for predators like hungry sharks it wasn’t until three million years ago if things started to shift in the whales favor this time was known as the Ice Age as temperatures in the water began to drop whales instinctively needed to pack on extra pounds of blubber to keep them warm they are warm-blooded mammals after all thanks to shifting currents and temperature changes in the water the ocean floor grew rich with plankton and with this plankton came hungry krill to sate whales were well fed at this time was an understatement whales everywhere filled their tummies with scrumptious krill and they grew larger and larger the whales that had developed baleen instead of teeth took full advantage of this never-ending feast since they were better equipped to swallow up dense patches of food thanks to their growing size they were able to swim longer distances to look for even more food and reach warmer waters which encouraged even more growth.


Today’s humpback whales can travel over 5000 miles each year that’s one of the largest migrations of any animal on earth whales are consistently the biggest animal on our planet. For example, the blue whale weighs more than a Boeing 757 passengers and its belly buttons are the size of a dinner plate. The blue whale is currently so massive that if you were to take all its blood vessels and form them into a continuous line. Today’s whales are fully evolved from Pakicetus you can still see a glimpse of their ancestors not just with the naked eye of course some whales still have remnants of what used to be a bone for a hind leg in their skeleton it just doesn’t show outside the skin.
While science has proven that whales have evolved from Pakicetus they have another possible relative that still lives on earth with us today. The study conducted at the University of Calgary in 2009 Hippopotamus is believed to be the closest living relative to the whale based on fossil evidence in DNA data there seems to be a strong relationship between whales and Hippopotamus. Many scientists believe that the hippopotamus also descended from Pakicetus. Today’s Hippopotamus like whales spend tons of time in the water and are also mammals.


However, before this study was conducted many scientists argued that hippopotamuses were more closely related to pigs cows sheep and even giraffes. It’s still argued in different circles whether hippopotamus are more closely related to whales or pigs but as more and more studies are conducted many scientists are leaning toward calling hippopotamus and whales cousins no matter which mammals whales are most closely related to there’s no denying that when it comes to size they’re truly one of a kind.


Many scientists believe that whales have hit their capacity for growth once they measure 109 feet that’s because at 110 feet a whale can’t physically close their mouth within 10 seconds before its prey escapes if it took any longer they wouldn’t be able to eat which would lead to their death. A whale of 109 feet can consume enough water to fill up a large living room and that’s every time it opens its mouth to feed.

Education

The meaning of education is to educate. The education is the smallest unit of development of that child in which they have interest. Education developed healthy mind in healthy body. Education is the development of internal power of people.

Meaning of education

Narrow meaning of education :- In this education given inside the four walls of school. Broad meaning of education :- In this whole world comes through which every day children learn new skills or news words. There is no definite place to get education.

Aim of education

Three things are important for education

  1. Why education? :- In this what is aim of education is decided.
  2. How education? :- In this the process of education is to be decided.
  3. What education? :- In this syllabus is to be decided.

Need of education

  1. It gives the path.
  2. It gives the idea to do any work.
  3. Education gives the confidence.
  4. It makes selfsupporting.

Factors that determine the purpose of education

  1. Place and time
  2. Need and problems of society
  3. Political ideology
  4. Social ideology
  5. Cultural ideology

All these factors is responsible for education. Also all of these are interlinked to each other. For example a political ideology wants that child learn only that thing, a cultural ideology wants that child learn only the culture of different places.

Hence for this a child can get all types of education through different different people or place.

SWEATING : ITS SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACTS

Through a variety of reasons, every person sweats on daily basis. Ranging from a hot summer day to a highly productive workout session involving cardio or muscle training, to sweating when you are sick or in sauna, sweating is a natural reaction of our body to suit with existing environments conditions. While the masses hold the perception that sweating only happens in order to regulate our body’s temperature, they might be surprised that it is quite otherwise. Certainly sweating helps in cooling down our body temperature, there are a host of other things that occur in our body along with this phenomenon. One of the major consequences is: body odour, which people find extremely awkward and is considered highly unacceptable within our society. However, it is to be acknowledged that a myriad of other things happen along with mere body temperature regulation and body odour.

Full body powerful concentrated ethnic sportsman in activewear performing pushing ups with heavy dumbbells during intense workout in contemporary fitness club

These are some of the positive ways in which our body reacts due to sweating. They are discussed below:-

SWEATING IS A DETOXIFIER

Back view anonymous tired female jogger in activewear resting and leaning on tree in autumn park

Apart from the excretory processes of our body to get rid of useless substances from our body, sweating is another way through which our body cleans up. Sweating is highly beneficial in the way that it helps in detoxifying our body. It helps in getting rid of toxins and metals from our body. A study has shown that sweating plays a significant role in getting rid of metals like cadmium, mercury and arsenic as well.

So, make sure to get a good sweat to get rid of any extra gunk from your body!

GET A CLEARER SKIN

Woman in Red Long Sleeve Shirt

Sweating may help us get a clearer skin that we have always wanted and desired. This os evident through the fact that sweating aids in opening up our pores, that may have trapped up any dirt or pollutants that may cause bacteria to grow on our skin and cause a range of issues, such as acne or even allergies. Sweating, hence, helps in flushing out any potential skin-irritants that may be harmful for our skin.

So, get that clear and smooth skin you have always dreamed of by breaking a sweat!

HEART HEALTH

Man in Gray Tank Top Holding Brown Wooden Rings

Surprisingly, sweating plays an important role in maintaining our heart health. This is credited to the fact that as our body heats up, sweating helps our body to cool down and our heart is made to pump blood to the different organs within our body, making our heart break a sweat and aiding it to stay active and keep working.

As a result, sweating ensures our heart’s health and happiness and ours too!

HEALTHY HAIR

Women's Brown Top

Sweating has been proven in improving our hair quality similar to the way it helps our skin. It opens up pores on our scalp, allowing our hair to breath and get the circulation it so needs. However it needs to pointed out that while sweating is good for your hair health, it also leads to excessive build up and dryness on the scalp surface. Hence, it is necessary for us to wash our hair frequently after sweating so as to maintain the hair’s health and wellness!

In conclusion, sweating is an essential function of our body and can provide us innumerable effects that are highly beneficial to us in a variety of ways!

Importance of Yoga

Yoga Benefits

Yoga’s popularity has increased dramatically during the previous few decades. Yoga is also being adopted and recommended by medical professionals and celebrities due to its numerous benefits. While some people dismiss yoga as just another fad and equate it with new age mysticism, others swear by how amazing this kind of exercise feels. What they don’t realise is that what they think of as just another form of exercise will benefit them in unexpected ways. Before we get into the benefits of Yoga, it’s important to first define what Yoga is. Yoga is a way of life that aspires for a healthy mind in a healthy body, not a religion. As stated in Ayurveda in India, man is a physical, mental, and spiritual being, and yoga aids in the development of a balance between these three. Aerobics and other forms of exercise, on the other hand, only provide bodily well-being. These activities have very little to do with spiritual or astral body development.

Yoga is more than just bending and twisting your body while holding your breath. It’s a method for putting you in a state where you can see and experience reality as it is. Your sensory body grows as you allow your energies to become exuberant and ecstatic. The unity that yoga generates allows you to feel the entire universe as a part of yourself, making everything one. It’s a method that motivates you to work for the greater benefit. Yoga aims to achieve perfect harmony between your mind, body, and spirit. You will be able to draw out the best of your ability if you modify yourself so that everything within you works perfectly.

Benefits of Yoga

The following are some of the benefits of Yoga:
1. Enhances mental performance.
2. Reduced anxiety
3. Increases flexibility through modifying gene expression
4. Blood pressure is brought down.
5. Reduces anxiety and chronic back pain by improving lung capacity.
6. In diabetics, it helps to lower blood sugar.
7. Balance is improved.
8. Bone strength
9. Weight management is important.
10. Heart disease risk is reduced.

Yoga as a practise offers numerous advantages that have a favourable impact on a person’s physical and emotional well-being. Yoga can help you with a variety of things, like lowering your blood pressure and increasing your pain tolerance.

  1. Improved Circulation: Yoga helps to increase blood circulation. This means that oxygen and nutrients are transported more efficiently throughout the body. Improved blood flow also means healthier organs and a more youthful appearance.
  2. Yoga Improves Posture: Yoga teaches you how to manage and balance your body. Your body will naturally assume the correct stance with continuous practise. You’ll appear confident as well as healthy.
  3. Improves your mood: Practicing yoga on a regular basis instantly improves your mood by infusing your body with revitalising energy.
  4. Improved Blood Circulation: Daily yoga practise improves blood circulation in the body. As the body slows down, this allows for more oxygenation, resulting in a dramatic fall in blood pressure.
  5. Prevents Premature Aging: Why not age gracefully rather than prematurely? Yes, yoga aids in the detoxification and elimination of toxins and free radicals. Apart from the various advantages, this also helps to slow down the ageing process. Yoga also relieves stress, which is another component that slows down the ageing process.
  6. Stress Reduction: When you’re on your yoga mat, you’re completely focused on the practise. This means that all of your attention is focused on the task at hand, and your mind is gradually draining the stress and problems that have been tormenting it.
  7. A Lower Pulse Rate: Yoga relaxes the body by relieving stress. The pulse rate slows down as the body relaxes. A low pulse rate means that your heart is capable of pumping more blood in a shorter period of time.
  8. Increases Strength: You can develop your strength by using your own body weight. This is a perplexing strength-training technique.

Not Everybody Gets The Privilege Of Having A Happy Family

The family remains one such spot where you have experienced all kinds of emotions. We all love our FAMILY, don’t we?  From laughing loud to crying in silence, we all have experienced the importance of family. The family is the one such place you experience genuine love, the place where you can never find partiality in trust and love. Family is always there to support you in all the right decisions you make and restrict you from the incorrect decisions you take. Family encourages you to connect with people physically, emotionally, and mentally. It identifies you as a capable individual of reaching his/her goals without any hesitations.

How lucky are those people who have a complete family, aren’t they? They have many people around them with whom they can spend time, share their feelings, and experience all the ups and downs in life. The absence of that one really important person breaks you into pieces. Never feel suffocated you are in a joint or a complete family. Think you have a lot of support that only a few people get in their life. Family is a bunch of teachers and students, teachers being who direct you throughout your life and students being from whom you learn not to make mistakes.


The most important lesson is family teaches us our values. They teach us how to respect elders, the importance of helping people in need. Basically, the family is filled with all the interesting topics and lessons we want. The importance of a balanced life can be learnt from family. The right way of maintaining a healthy relationship with family members is by spending time with them, playing games with them, going on outings.

A complete family completes your world. Privileged are those who are blessed with a complete family. Some people don’t acknowledge the importance of a complete family. They take family for granted. They feel parents control them. They don’t spend time with them. There are so many families in this world in which one or the other family member isn’t there. The reason for the separation can be anything, but the loss is irreplaceable. People with the loss really feel helpless in such situations when they desperately need them.

Imagine a family who just makes a home, not a house. A place where family members stay happy, has small fights or arguments, come tired from work to have a good relaxation with family members is HOME. A HOUSE is a place filled with lots of fights, no proper conversations and a lot of misunderstandings.

 A HAPPY FAMILY IS WHERE-

  • You keep your family as a first priority. 
  • Not allow a third person break your family.
  • You trust and love each other unconditionally.
  • Understand and support each other.


It is not very easy to break your family until you put all your efforts to save it. It is important to sit and engage in a calm and healthy conversation on where we went wrong, what are the areas for us to work on so that we don’t commit same mistakes again. In a relationship, understanding is extremely important. If one partner fails to understand, the other should be more understanding to handle the situation very well. A family with constant fights and a lot of misunderstandings will never last long. It’s very important to stay united to save relationships.

A family is blessing where people get to stay happy and share all the matters openly without any hesitations. Always feel lucky to be born in a family where parents are supportive, loving and are ready to do anything for your happiness.

World Photography Day: Perspective of its meaning

What is Photography?

Before giving the answer, let me tell you something.
See the little girl in the photograph below.

Isn’t the picture amazing? I feel this photograph must have been clicked by any talented photographers. Such a clear photograph, such a prominent one, the portrait of the young girl is so distinguished.
What is your opinion?
But, now I would like to say you all, that it is one of the world’s most famous photograph clicked by Steve McCurry. Still, now those who were thinking it to be an ordinary photograph must have started thinking that the photograph has to possess something special within it, as it has been clicked by one of the WORLD’S BEST PHOTOGRAPHER, Steve McCurry. Many people will be curious to know whether there is having some mystery within the photograph like that the portraiture of Lady with an Ermine drawn by Leonardo. But, to speak the truth there is no such mystery within the photograph but the real mystery lies within the eyes of the 10-year-old little girl. Sharbat Gula, a Pashtun orphan in the Nasir Bagh was present at the refugee camp near the Afghan-Pakistan border, in December 1984, when Steve went there. Won’t the look of this little girl an incredible one with a penetrating gaze? Yes, that gaze is the special one because the eyes will say you many things. The girl was gleaming into the camera lens. She had this curiosity and anxiety over her face.

So, now if I ask you all, what is photography, then we can say by keeping the dictionary definition apart that it is a vast idea with different opinions from a different type of people. For some, photography may be putting fingers in the button and ‘clicking a photo’ or posing in front of the camera and sharing in social media. But for many, photography is like a passion. Most of the photographers have a common dream to snap a photo that would eventually become world-famous and enter the history books. Photography is nothing but an art which is used to show us the various visions of our life. It will also give us an opportunity to showcase our skills with the camera.
Each and every artistic creation has some inner values, emotions and valuable history attached to it. Artistic creation may vary from painting to sculpting, or from architecture, printmaking to photography. Artist of each category wants to convey to us some real life-related message. Messages can not only be conveyed through writings or scribbling into papers and reading those scribbled words, but they can also be conveyed from between the written lines, between the written words, those words that are not in black and white on the paper. Similarly, a clicked photo has much to say us. Moving or still, and however it is taken, whether, by pinhole camera or phone, the photographic image is the successor to the great art of the past. A photo is a very clever creation may be cleverer than us. It constantly tests our intellect and sees whether we are able to collect the true message from within the frame. It will never reveal its true meaning. It’s us who have to find the true meaning of it.

Wildlife photography tells us about all the different points of wildlife. In wildlife photography, the photographer has to be patient and spend a lot of time to get good pictures and maybe longer time to get some of the best photos. Now, animals will do what they would like to do, one couldn’t command them to be a little soft or to behave cutely. You always have to be ready with your camera so that you don’t miss those shots which are really appreciable or something special. More you spend time with the animals more you will be able to understand their behaviour.

Nature photography shows us an overview of the situation, sometimes in a very aesthetic form, but in recent years it has evolved into photography that reveals a context that, like any documentary photography, explores the relationship of the living to a territory.

On the other hand, war photography involves photographing armed conflict and its effects on people and places. Photographers who are involved in this type of art has life risk, may get harmed due to explosions or gunfight and may many times succumb to death. The main motive of this type of photography is to make the whole world know about the miseries of war. The typical condition in which the soldiers live, they go to the Warfield in order to kill those people whom they never know.

Another photograph clicked by Steve McCurry during the First Gulf War Kuwait, 1991. It shows three camels silhouetted against an explosion of fire and smoke.  “Saddam Hussein had blown up 600 oil wells. It was an environmental catastrophe. Lakes of oil were leaking all over the country, and seeping into the Gulf. Half of it was on fire. There were geysers of oil spurting out of the earth, making it like midnight during the day,” recalled by Steve McCurry. He spotted the camels running along the edge of an oilfield and followed them in his jeep. But they had been blackened by the oil, and there was no way to capture a picture of them against the black cloud behind. Suddenly the camel started running towards the burning area and they have been illuminated by fire and then he clicked the photo and then he realized himself within a minefield. He carefully backs out following the tyres so that he doesn’t get blown up. Thus proves the risk of the work.

So each type of photography has its own purpose. It was rightly said by Elliott Erwitt, “Photography is an art of observation. It has little to do with the things you see and everything to do with the way you see them”. Obviously, it is the viewer’s eye which is responsible the way it would interpret the beauty of the photo. A photographer’s fame and popularity depends on the viewer’s eye because the greatness of photography lies in human insight.  From news images to the Hubble telescope, Photography is the art of real-life – however, manipulated, and real-life creates true art.

Marginalization

Marginality is an experience that affects millions of people throughout the world. People who are marginalized have relatively little control over their lives, and the resources available to them. This results in making them handicapped in delving contribution to society. A vicious circle is set up whereby their lack of positive and supportive relationships means that they are prevented from participating in local life, which in turn leads to further isolation. This has a tremendous impact on the development of human beings.

What is Marginalization?

Marginalization is when an individual or group is put into a position of less power or isolation within society because of discrimination. When an individual is marginalized, they are unable to access the same services and resources as other people and it becomes very difficult to have a voice in society.

It deprives a large majority of people across the globe from participating in the development. It is a complex problem, and there are many factors that cause marginalization. This complex and serious problem needs to be addressed at the policy level.

Meaning of Marginalization

In general, the term ‘marginalization’ describes the obvious actions or tendencies of human societies, where people who they perceive to undesirable or without useful function, are excluded, i.e., marginalized. These people, who are marginalized, from a GROUP or COMMUNITY are known as ‘marginalized groups’. This limits their opportunities and means for survival.

The Encyclopedia of Public Health defines marginalized groups as, “To be marginalized is to be placed in the margins, and thus excluded from the privilege and power found at the center”. Latin observes that ‘Marginality’ is so thoroughly demeaning, for economic well-being, for human dignity, as well as for physical security. Marginal groups can always be identified by members of dominant society, and will face irrevocable discrimination.

Characteristics of Marginalized Groups

Usually, a minority group has the following characteristics :

  • It suffers from discrimination and subordination
  • They have physical and/or cultural traits that set them apart, and which are disapproved of, by a dominant group
  • They share a sense of collective identity and common burdens
  • They have shared social rules about who belongs, and who does not
  • They have a tendency to marry within the group

Various Marginalized Groups and their Problems

1. Women

Under different economic conditions, and under the influence of specific historical, cultural, legal and religious factors, marginalization is one of the manifestations of gender inequality. Gender-based violence and domestic violence is high among women in general in India. Girl child and women from the marginalized groups are more vulnerable to violence. The dropout and illiteracy rates among them are high. Early marriage, trafficking, forced prostitution and other forms of exploitation are also reportedly high among them. In situations of caste conflict, women from marginalized groups face sexual violence from men of upper caste i.e., rape and other forms of mental torture and humiliation.

2. People with Disabilities

People with disabilities have had to battle against centuries of biased assumptions, harmful stereotypes, and irrational fears. The stigmatization of disability resulted in the social and economic marginalization of generations with disabilities, and, like many other oppressed minorities, this has left people with disabilities in a severe state of impoverishment for centuries. The proportion of the disabled population in India is about 21.9 million.

3. Scheduled Caste

The caste system is a strictly hierarchical social system based on underlying notions of purity and pollution. Brahmins are on the top of the hierarchy and Shudras or Dalits constitute the bottom of the hierarchy. The marginalization of Dalits influences all spheres of their life, violating basic human rights such as civil, political, social, economic and cultural rights. A major proportion of the lower castes and Dalits are still dependent on others for their livelihood. Dalits do not refer to caste but suggest a group who are in a state of oppression, social disability and who are helpless and poor. Literacy rates among Dalits are very low. They have meagre purchasing power and have poor housing conditions as well as have low access to resources and entitlements.

4. Scheduled Tribes

They constitute a large proportion of agricultural laborers, casual laborers, plantation laborers, industrial laborers etc. This has resulted in poverty among them, low levels of education, poor health and reduced access to healthcare services. They belong to the poorest strata of the society and have severe health problems.

5. Elderly or Aged People

Lack of economic dependence has an impact on their access to food, clothing, and healthcare. Among the basic needs of the elderly, medicine features as the highest unmet need. Healthcare of the elderly is a major concern for society as aging is often accompanied by multiple illnesses and physical ailments.

6. Sexual Minorities

Due to the dominance of heteronomous sexual relations as the only form of normal acceptable relations within the society, individuals who are identified as having same-sex sexual preferences are ridiculed and ostracized by their own family and are left with very limited support structures and networks of community that provide the conditions of care and support. Their needs and concerns are excluded from various health policies and programs.

7. Patients of Communicable Diseases

Those living with HIV/AIDS, mental illness and disability are more venerable among others. These groups face severe forms of discrimination that denies them access to treatment and prevents them from achieving a better health status.

8. Children

Children Mortality and illness among children are caused and compounded by poverty, their sex and caste position in society. All these have consequences on their nutrition intake, access to healthcare, environment, and education. Poverty has a direct impact on the mortality and morbidity among children. In India, a girl child faces discrimination and differential access to nutritious food and gender-based violence is evident from the falling sex ratio and the use of technologies to eliminate the girl child.

GUANO ISLANDS

Guano islands were discovered on a series of islands off the coast of Peru. These islands are rocky and barren and have no vegetation owning to lack of rain in the area.

The word ‘GUANO’ originated from the Andean indigenous language Quechua, which refers to any form of dung used as a fertilizer in agriculture. So what is guano? Dropping of certain fish eating birds are called as guano. Three birds are primarily producers of guano- white breasted cormorants, grey pelicans and white head gannets or piqueros. Millions of this types of birds reside on these islands because of this island isolation from natural predators and large reserves of anchovy fishes. Due to lack of rain their dropping gets baked in the dry atmosphere preventing nitrates in these droppings from evaporating make it a good fertilizer. Over the course of years guano reserves have accumulated into a thick layer of 100-150 feet guano fertilizer.

Guano has valuable agricultural benefits as it’s a natural fertilizer the crop yields improved which made it high prized commodity during 19th century. It was heavily traded by the European and American traders. It helped to build Peru economy. It Haas been estimated that around mid 1800’s Peruvian excavated over 20,000,000 tons of guano making a huge profit. Eventually Peru suffered a loss due depleted guno and introduction of artificial fertilizers.

Since 1909, the Peruvian government has taken measures to conserve guano reserves by establishing the GUANO ADMINISTRATION COMPANY . The methods includes;

. Keeping the islands off limits to reacumulate their guano reserves and not disturbing the natural habitat of these birds.

. Controlling the commercial fishing industry and setting measures to conserve guano birds feeds.

. Establishing preservation parks on the main land where some birds can migrate so that they can be safe from predators.

. Limiting guano exports and preventing disruption of ocean ecosystem.

Internship, Skill development

As the name itself suggest today we will understand the concept of internship and skill development .Both these are necessary to upgrade an individual’s career goals. For a good and secure job experience and interest is must.

INTERNSHIP : As we know today’s scenario where there is lack of jobs, unemployment and much more issues. Internships provide a platform to an individual to enhance his skills and gain knowledge from an experienced organisation. Experience can only be achieved if we are willing to work. Internships are an easy way to develop these skills without any cost. Most of time people do internships to improve their CV and get their desired jobs in the desired organisation. Yes it helps an individual in achieving these targets. But internship is much more also. Sometimes we don’t know about the work but are interested in doing that and internships give that a chance.

SKILL DEVELOPMENT : Now coming towards another part that is skill development. It is becoming a trend to become more skilled so that a person can provide his services at his best to the organization. If a person is skilled with different type of work then it will help the organization in many ways. Skill means the ability to develop focus on the work in which a person is interested on. Suppose if two persons are skilled with same type then there will be good competition between them and new thoughts will be derived that can help the organization.

The government is also understanding the need and concept of these two. As a result a major change in the education policy will be developing this feeling among the students since childhood and they will be knowing the pros and cons of the outside world in which they will be able to compete. The world is focussing on the coming generations to be more skilled and innovative. It is a way to create your own path on which you don’t have to follow the tradition because these can’t be eliminated. It can only be experienced and achieved.

Hope that the article was helpful…. Thank you !!!

ELECTRONIC PACKAGING

Unlike the name suggests, electronic packaging isn’t the packaging involved in the shipment of electronics or the sales packaging containing electronic devices or components. It is entirely different.

According to Wikipedia, Electronic packaging is the design and production of enclosures for electronic devices ranging from individual semiconductor devices up to complete systems such as a mainframe computer.

Or in more simple terms electronic packaging is the method of enclosing, protecting, and providing physical structure to an electronic component(s) or finished electronic devices.

The purpose of the packaging is to provide protection and at times physical structures to electronic components and devices. The Packaging of an electronic system must ensure its protection from mechanical damage, cooling, radio frequency noise emission, and electrostatic discharge. 

The four major functions served by Electronic packaging are :

It provides the interconnection of electrical signals at various levels 

It distributes power to the electronic circuits and devices

It provides mechanical and environmental protection to the components, circuits, and devices and dissipation of the heat

According to intrepidsourcing, Different Levels of Electronic Packaging

Electronics packaging design is organized in multiple levels namely Level 0 up to Level 5.

Level 0 – this electronic packaging level protects chips and semiconductors which are the simplest and most basic parts of an electronic system.

Level 1 – this electronic packaging level protects electronic components.

Level 2 – this electronic packaging level protects the printed circuit board.

Level 3 – this electronic packaging level protects assembly, wiring boards and associated components of these.

Level 4 – this electronic packaging level protects modules or collection of assemblies.

Level 5 – this electronic packaging level protects a combination of different modules or the electronic system in general.

These levels are necessary to help electronic manufacturing companies easily assess electronic packaging materials needed for an electronic packaging design. This makes operations more efficient and fluid since they can easily look for what they need simply by describing the electronic packaging level they are currently working on.

Consider a familiar example of a DVD player, a DVD player is an assembly of electronics packed in a rectangular metal case. This provides protection and also allows for the placement of buttons that are used to operate the device as well as the connectors needed to connect the DVD player to other devices.

FACTS ABOUT HUMAN BODY

1.You are taller in the morning

Measure yourself in the morning, then again at night. You’re going to be taller in the morning because of how the cartilage in your bones compresses during the day.

2.Your heart beats about 100,000 times a day

Depending on your beats per minute, your heart beats about 100,000 times a day. That implies it sends 2,000 gallons of blood through the body.

Biometric Identifies You in a Heartbeat - Scientific American

3.Your highest blood flow is in your kidneys

The most noteworthy blood stream isn’t in your heart, liver, or cerebrum, it’s in your kidneys. That’s because kidneys are the body’s normal filtration framework.

4.Lungs which are pink in color are healthy

Healthy lungs look pink and rubbery outwardly. The more you smoke however, the more falter and dark they become.

Your lungs are really amazing. An anatomy professor explains why

5.Dreaming in black and white

12% of people dream in black and white. What’s stranger is that people used to rest and dream in high contrast significantly more before color television (~15%). The normal individual actually dreams in color, yet it’s intriguing to perceive how the human cerebrum is defenseless to media.

20 Amazing facts about dreams that will change your perception! - Trendpickle

6.Your blood vessels could circle the globe

However people have little veins, the systems administration is incredibly long. In case they were spread out they would quantify in excess of 60,000 miles.

7.The normal human grown-up has 2000-4000 taste buds

They aren’t just situated on the tongue. These minuscule receptors that enable us to taste are additionally situated toward the rear of your throat, your nose, and your throat. Truth be told, your nose doesn’t simply smell, it can taste as well! The feeling of smell is a vital part of tasting.

8.Your body has more than 600 muscles


Your strongest muscle is located in your jaw known as the masseter muscle. The stapedius muscle, located in the middle of your ear, is your weakest muscle.

How many muscles are there in the human body? - Quora

9.Your skin has 1000 unique types of microorganisms on it

Your skin is imperative in assurance of the body against microscopic organisms, which is the reason the external layer of your skin persistently reestablishes itself. The whole course of skin cell recharging requires around 28 days.

Team:Paris Bettencourt/SkinMicrobiome - 2020.igem.org

10.You’re presumably more like your father

Specialists showed that in the scales between the female egg and male sperm that your qualities will in general support your father, particularly over numerous ages. This phenomena is known as “gene expression”.

RESOURCES:

  1. https://www.nectarsleep.com/posts/fun-facts-about-the-human-body/

2. https://www.osgpc.com/amazing-facts-about-the-human-body/


A STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE

A Stitch in Time Saves Nine is a wise saying. This phrase refers to a hole in a cloth. This hole would certainly get bigger if not fixed in time. It means that a timely effort that will prevent more work later. It certainly means prevention is better than cure. Furthermore, this important phrase tells us procrastination is a bad habit. Hence, if a problem exists, then one must fix it immediately. If not fixed in time, then even more problems can arise.

Importance of “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine”

First of all, time is a very precious aspect of life. According to many successful individuals, time is money. This precious blessing of time is very limited. There are only 24 hours in a day. Also, the average human life expectancy probably ranges from 80 to 90 years. This certainly means that one can’t afford to waste time at all. Hence, “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine” avoids wastage of time. Another advantage of this concept is less effort. This is due to early dealing with a problem. Dealing with a problem early requires a certain amount of effort. However, with delay the problem becomes ugly. Now to rectify this even more difficult problem means much more effort. So, following “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine” saves effort. “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine” has another advantage. It is better decision making. Following this concept means that a person has sufficient time to handle a problem. Therefore, a person can prepare solutions efficiently. In contrast, a person who delays problems will have a shortage of time. Consequently, this person would become stressful and nervous. Due to this, poor decision making would result

Real-Life Examples of “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine”

First of all, mention must be made of Israel. After the formation of Israel, the Arab States were preparing to attack Israel. Probably everyone thought Israel would lose. Israel thought that instead of waiting, they should take some action. Therefore, Israel decided to attack first. Consequently, the Arab military became weak and Israel won the war. Hence, Israel made use of “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine”.

Valery Legasov was an inorganic chemist in USSR. In 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster took place. Legasov made a great contribution to prevent future such accidents. Most Noteworthy, he gave warning of the use of graphite. There was an application of graphite in an emergency shutdown system. Furthermore, Legasov gave an explanation that this graphite was responsible for the disaster. Hence, he saved the lives of millions of people.

Finally, Osama Bin Laden death is another example here. In 2011 United States Navy SEALs led the operation to kill Bin Laden. Certainly, his death was a big relief for everyone. Consequently, the US forced saved the lives of many innocent people.

In conclusion, “A Stitch in Time Saves Nine” is extremely essential to follow. Above all, it should be the code of life for everyone. Furthermore, one who follows it always be successful. Also, one who neglects it is on the path of failure.

Health Issues in Youngster.

Around 1 in 6 persons in the world is an adolescent: that is 1.2 billion people aged 10 to 19.

Most are healthy, but there is still significant death, illness and diseases among adolescents. Illnesses can hinder their ability to grow and develop to their full potential. Alcohol or tobacco use, lack of physical activity, unprotected sex and/or exposure to violence can jeopardize not only their current health, but often their health for years to come.

Promoting healthy practices during adolescence, and taking steps to better protect young people from health risks are critical for the prevention of health problems in adulthood, and for countries’ future health and social infrastructure.

Mental health
Depression is the top cause of illness and disability among adolescents and suicide is the third cause of death. Violence, poverty, humiliation and feeling devalued can increase the risk of developing mental health problems.

Building life skills in children and adolescents and providing them with psychosocial support in schools and other community settings can help promote good mental health. Programmes to help strengthen ties between adolescents and their families are also important. If problems arise, they should be detected and managed by competent and caring health workers.

Malnutrition and obesity
Many boys and girls in developing countries enter adolescence undernourished, making them more vulnerable to disease and early death. The number of adolescents who are overweight or obese is increasing in both low- and high-income countries.

Exercise and nutrition
Available survey data indicate that fewer than 1 in every 4 adolescents meets the recommended guidelines for physical activity – 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily.

Anaemia resulting from a lack of iron affects girls and boys, and is the third cause of years lost to death and disability. Iron and folic acid supplements help to promote health before adolescents become parents.

References:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216492/

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/teenage-health

https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-7-biggest-health-risks-teens-face-2611248

One of most visionary politician, Leader and a legend himself : Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose

Subhas Chandra Bose (Bengali pronunciation: Subhash Chondra Bosh) was the foremost and biggest leader of India’s freedom struggle. During the Second World War, to fight against the British, he formed the Azad Hind Fauj with the help of Japan. The slogan of Jai Hind given by him has become the national slogan of India. The people of India address him by the name of Netaji.

Subhash Chandra Bose gave famous slogans like ‘Give me blood, I will give you freedom’ and ‘Jai Hind’, passed the Indian Administrative Service examination, was elected President of Congress in 1938 and 1939, formed the Forward Bloc in 1939, Founded ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ to drive out the British from the country.

He was an eminent leader of the Indian freedom struggle. Although most of the credit for the contribution to the independence of the country is given to Mahatma Gandhi and Nehru, the contribution of Subhas Chandra Bose was also no less than anyone.

Early Life :

He was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack city of Orissa. His father Janaki Nath Bose was an eminent lawyer. His mother Prabhavati Devi was Sati and a religious woman. Prabhavati and Janaki Nath had 14 children, six daughters and eight sons. Subhash was ninth among them. Subhash was promising in studies since childhood. He had secured first position in class 10th examination and also came first in graduation. 

He earned a bachelor’s degree in philosophy from the Scottish Church College in Calcutta. At the same time, he was recruiting in the army. He also tried to join the army but was disqualified due to poor eyesight. He was a follower of Swami Vivekananda. According to the wishes of his family, in the year 1919, he went to study in England to prepare for the Indian Administrative Service.

Career :

He applied for the Indian Administrative Service in 1920 and not only got success in this examination but also secured the fourth position. He was deeply disturbed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and resigned from the administrative service in 1921. After coming back to India Netaji came in contact with Gandhiji and joined the Indian National Congress. He started working with Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das as per the instructions of Gandhiji. He later described Chittaranjan Das as his political guru. 

Subhash very soon joined the main leaders of the Congress with his understanding and hard work. When the Simon Commission came in 1928, the Congress opposed it and showed black flags. In 1928, the annual session of the Congress was held in Kolkata under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru. In this session, one year’s time was given to give ‘Dominion Status’ to the British Government. During that time Gandhiji did not agree with the demand of Purna Swaraj.

On the other hand, Subhash and Jawaharlal Nehru did not accept to back down from the demand for Purna Swaraj. In 1930 he formed the Independence League. During the ‘Civil Disobedience’ movement of 1930, Subhash was arrested and sent to jail. He was released in 1931 after the Gandhiji-Irwin Pact. Subhash opposed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact and was also not happy with the decision to stop the ‘Civil Disobedience’ movement.

Subhash was soon imprisoned again under the ‘Bengal Act’. During this he had to stay in jail for about a year and later he was released from jail due to illness. They were sent from India to Europe. There he established centers in many cities to enhance the political and cultural relations between India and Europe. Despite the ban on his coming to India, he came to India and as a result he had to go to jail for 1 year.

After the elections of 1937, the Congress party came to power in 7 states and after that Subhash was released. Shortly after this, Subhash was elected president in the Haripura session of Congress (1938). During his tenure, Subhash formed the ‘National Planning Committee’. In the Tripuri session of 1939, Subhash was re-elected as the President. This time Subhash was competing with Pattabhi Sitaramayya. Sitaramayya had full support of Gandhiji, yet Subhash won the election by 203 votes.

During this, the clouds of World War II were also starting to shake and Subhash gave an ultimatum to the British to leave the country in 6 months. This attitude of Subhash was opposed by other people of Congress including Gandhiji, due to which he resigned from the post of President and established ‘Forward Block’.

Subhash strongly opposed the use of India’s resources by the British in World War II and started a mass movement against it. His movement was getting tremendous support from the public. So he was imprisoned in Kolkata and kept under house arrest. In January 1941, Subhash managed to escape from his home and reached Germany via Afghanistan. In view of the notion of ‘the enemy is the enemy, the friend is’, he appealed to Germany and Japan for help in expelling the British Raj from India.

In January 1942, he started broadcasting from Radio Berlin, which increased the enthusiasm of the people of India. In 1943, he came to Singapore from Germany. Reaching East Asia, he took command of the ‘Freedom Movement’ from Rash Behari Bose and started preparing for the war by forming the Azad Hind Fauj. Azad Hind Fauj was established mainly by the Japanese army with the Indian prisoners of war captured from the British army. After this Subhash came to be called ‘Netaji’.

Now the Azad Hind Fauj started moving towards India and first liberated Andaman and Nicobar. Azad Hind Fauj crossed the Burma border and threatened Indian soil on 18 March 1944. With the defeat of Japan and Germany in World War II, the dream of Azad Hind Fauj could not be fulfilled.

Mysterious Demise : 

The death of Netaji, who once dusted the British by changing his mask and face, also happened in a very mysterious way. After the defeat of Japan in World War II, Netaji needed to find a new way. He had decided to seek help from Russia. On August 18, 1945, Netaji was on his way to Manchuria by plane. During this journey he went missing. After this day they have never been seen by anyone. On 23 August 1945, Japan’s Domei news organization reported to the world that on 18 August Netaji’s airplane had crashed on Taiwanese land and Netaji breathed his last in the hospital after being badly injured in that accident. But even today many doubts are raised about his death.

Our heroic great men, by sacrificing their lives, maintained the unity and integrity of the country, for which the coming generation will always remember their contribution. No one in history can match Netaji’s wisdom and courage. He had a combination of both courage and intelligence. It was because of a very intelligent mind that he was so influential that the British decided to eliminate him on sight. Frankly speaking I