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Right to Information Act, 2005.

 

Introduction:

The right to Information Act 2005 which came fully into effect on12th October 2005 is one of the most significant legislation enacted by the Parliament in India. It is a major step towards more accountable and transparent government. RTI has been enacted to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities in order to promote transparency and accountability. The Act will certainly lead to end the culture of governmental secrecy andfulfil its potential as a truly great democracy.

Objective of the Act:

1. To promote transparency and functioning of the government. accountability in the

2. To set up a practical regime for giving citizens access to Information that is under the control of public authorities.

3. To empower the citizens as the law will promote the participation of the citizens in official decisions that directly affect their lives.

4. The effective implementation of RTI Act will build public trust in the government functioning.

5. It will lead to effective and efficient records management technique that is needed to facilitate the provision of information in response to public interest.

What is Right to Information?

Government information is national resource. Neither the particular government of the day nor public officials create information for their own benefits. Government and officials are trustees of this information for the people. The RTI act enables the citizens to obtain access under the law to documents that may otherwise be available only at the discretion of government.

The RTI Act 2005 provides effective access to information for citizens of India, which is under the control of public authorities. This overrides the ―official Secrets Acts and similar laws and rules.

The Act primarily envisages setting out a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority.

Right to Information means the right to information accessible under this Act which is held by or under the control of any public authority and includes the right to: –

(i)             Inspection of work, documents, records.

(ii)           Taking notes, extracts, or certified copies of documents or records.

(iii)         Taking certified samples of material.

(iv)         Obtaining information in the form of diskettes, floppies, tapes, video cassettes or in any other electronic mode or through printouts where such information is shared in a computer or in any other device.

Every information held by or under the control of a public authority is accessible to a citizen, unless information is exempt from disclosure.

What is Accessible under the Law?

Information means any material in any form, including records, documents, memos, e-mail, opinions, advices, press releases, circulars, orders, log books, contacts, reports, papers, samples, models, data material held in any electronic form and information relating to any private body which can be accessed by a public authority under any law for the time being in force.

Features of the RTI Act:

Ø The Act extends to the whole of India except Jammu & Kashmir.

Ø All citizens shall have the right to information, subject to provisions of the Act. The RTI empowers the citizens to ask any question or seek any information from government authorities be it Central, State or Local governments.

Ø It shall apply to Public Authorities which means any authority or body or institution of self-government established or constituted by or under the Constitution; by any law made by the appropriate Government or, any other body owned, controlled or substantially financed directly or indirectly by the appropriate Government, and includes non-government organisation substantially financed by the government.

Ø The Act lays down the machinery for the grant of access to information. The Public Authorities are required to designate Public Information Officer and Assistant Public Information Officer with in the hundred days of enactment to accept the request forms and provide information. The Public Information Officers/Assistant Public Information Officers will be responsible to deal with the requests for information and also to assist persons seeking information.

Ø The Act envisages creation of an independent non-judicial machinery viz, Central Information Commission, State Information Commission. Legal Framework of exercise of powers by the Commission is defined in the Act.

Ø The Act also provides the two- tier Appellate forum. First appeal is to be made to the departmental officer senior to the Public Information Officer. The second appeal is to be made to State Commission.

Ø Fee will be payable by the applicant depending on the nature of information sought.

Ø Time limit has been prescribes for the compliance of information depending upon the information requirements.

Ø Certain categories of information have been exempted from the disclosure under Section 8and 9 of the Act like conduct of International Relations, security of the State, trade and commercial secrets, intelligence agency etc.

Ø Central Information Commission and the State Information Commissions monitor the implementation of the Act and prepare an Annual report to be laid before the Parliament / State legislatures.

NEVER SAY MORE THAN IS NECESSARY

Richard Brinsley sheridan, a famous Irish Playwright  and Poet  said “Never say more than is necessary”.This saying is very common in  our Daily life. When we talk more than is necessary it leds to problems. It is true , the more one person speaks , the more that person creates question in other person’s mind. And in the midst of speaking, the secret which is kept inside may slip out  of one’s mouth unconditionally. As a human knowledge is required to preserve ,the more we speak we give away the knowledge we have in ourselves. Even our speaking manner and materials  reveals about our nature and   traits  , our personality. And this helps people to guess about our further steps and actions. Even  people often get fooled for this habit of their.

Advantage of speaking normal is it puts others in a defensive mode. Mahatma Gandhi  talked what was necessary, hence , the people around them and  English company  not able to suspect  his next steps which led them to fail to take steps to  prevent  his  future movements and therefore he won Independence. 
 One more thing ,  some people think they can impress people by  their words but there also remains  some gaps – when we are trying to impress people, the more we say we become common to people in appearance and less in control. Even if one say something  banal, it will seem  original if you  make it open minded and sphinx like. Powerful and succesful people impress  others by speaking less. The more you speak, the more likely you are to say something foolish.
 It is a very fundamental rule going on from many years. People like to speak about their life  and share all bullshit things , thus , they expose their personal life to the outer world.
 Thus we should practice ourselves to listen more and speak less as-
1.Speaking less will make people reveal more about them. Your short answer and defence will stand as  defence and they will jump in their comments which rather will reveal about themselves than others.
2.speaking less will help people to listen and interpret about you   carefully. They have to know what you are thinking. People cannot pierce your intentions and meaning, when you carefully control what you reveal.
3. Human tongue is uncontrollable, only few people can have control over it. Be particularly careful with sarcasm. We often get satisfaction by saying our rough words but it creares our image too.
4. The more you say , the more common you  become to people and they will no more value your words.
5. Speaking less will save you from speaking something dangerous and harmful . Take the foolish act of coriolanus , a military hero of Rome around 454 BC. People held him in awe. His speach appeared to be arrogance , cruelty.
6.people will never decieve as they don’t know about your position. According to  louis xiv gave rise to  “i will see” a   very short phrase which said in polite manner.so, let everyone speak , you be a careful listener , to know the people’s views about you and their own reality.
Saying /speaking less  is not for high authority people applicable but also for normal common people. In every sector of life , the less you open up yourself to people , you become profound and mysterious to them. The more less you speak , you appear intelligence and powerful to people. So, the less you speak up , the less risk you face in life in regarding  difficulties. 
 Moreover, with development of technology and emergence of new era , people are  more likely to be find  silent suppressing all their words and feelings, as we all  know  all are ready to spread salt to your wounds oray take advantages of your weakness.  So , better change habit , it will be beneficial to all people  not only in personal life but also in occupational sector.

HOW TO STOP PROCRASTINATING AND START ANTICIPATING!

Whenever we get a new assignment with a week’s time for submission, we develop a casual approach towards it, thinking that we have an ample amount of time to complete the work, which leads to delaying it until only a day or two is left before the submission. Sometimes you sit down to do that assignment and you get distracted by other things and at the end of the day the task remains incomplete. This happens to most of us on a regular basis and this is what is known as Procrastination. 
“A man who procrastinates in his choosing will inevitably have his choice made for him by the circumstances.” – Hunter S. Thompson
The statement stands true as whenever we decide to postpone a task at hand we are also losing the opportunity to give our 100% to that task from the very beginning and make it a success. Procrastinating sometimes let all the good opportunities slip from our hands as it stops us from taking the chances and make decisions that can help lead a better life.
Many students have the habit of postponing things till the very last date as they get easily distracted by the use of social media or hanging out with their friends. While these can be fun to do as they help to take are minds out of worry, these decisions can sometimes lead to pending and piled up tasks at hand or can even become a distraction from studying, eventually leading to not getting good marks in our exams. 
Many amongst us have a regular habit of delaying things, which eventually leads to a guilty thought i.e. ‘Maybe I should have started earlier.’ Whenever we get the schedules of our exams we tend to make a timetable for studying daily so that at the time of our examination we only have to do the revision. Many amongst us are able to achieve this goal; however there are some people who get distracted by their social media accounts that they start postponing their timetable to the next day. The increase in the use of social media among the students has lead to a decrease in their study time which eventually leads to them not getting the marks they expected and they start feeling less motivated to do something productive.
WHY DO WE PROCRASTINATE?
Whenever we decide to delay a task, we know that it is probably not a good idea to do but still we do it anyway. We know that we should plan things ahead of time but we still leave it for the last minute, knowing that it will have a negative result. People often say that you procrastinate because you are lazy or you do not have time management skills; however these have nothing to do with procrastinating.
The real reason is that many people stress about the work they have to do and to overcome that stress, they turn to their mobile phones, play video games, or hang out with friends. These things take their minds off the worry however, when they realise that they still have to complete their work, they feel guilty about not starting early.
Another reason for procrastinating is the insecurity that we have relating to the task. There might have been many incidents when you knew the correct answer to the question but you could not muster up the courage to raise your hand and answer because of the lack of confidence and the fear of being judged by others.  
HOW TO STOP PROCRASTINATING
Procrastination is a voluntary action where we decide to do something fun rather than doing something that is important and requires our attention. We have the power to stop ourselves from delaying things and to start becoming productive from day one. The ways we can become more productive are:
1.  Make yourself aware that you are procrastinating. It is the key step to stop you from delaying things. Instead of thinking ‘I will do it tomorrow.’ consider thinking ‘I need to do it today!’ Try to break the whole task into smaller sets of tasks so that when you complete those smaller tasks you feel accomplished and feel motivated to finish the whole task.

2.  Give yourself little rewards like watching a good movie, having your favorite meal, binge watching your favorite series etc. It helps you to look forward to complete the task in order to earn that reward as it makes you feel good about achieving something.

3.  Never let your tasks build up to the situation where it gets overwhelming for you to complete all of those in a short span of time. Start working on them from the very first day you get a particular task. If you feel stuck up at any time, feel free to seek help from others.

4.  In case you feel getting distracted while working alone, you can always ask your parents to keep you company while you do your work as it will reduce the chances of you turning to your mobile phones whenever you feel bored. You can always ask a friend too for keeping you company or asking for help whenever you get stuck rather than not completing it further.

5. As students, you should start studying from the day one of your new class or semester as it relieves you of the burden of studying the whole syllabus at the time of your exams. Also, make a habit of studying the topics that the teacher is supposed to teach you in the next class, as it will help you feel connected and keep you interested in the class rather than distracting your mind to other things.

6.  Turn off all the distractions that divert your mind from completing the tasks. Shut the television off, keep your phone away from yourself or give it your parents or roommates whenever you are studying, stop watching movies or listening to music whenever you are working as it tends to distract and hamper your thinking process. 

Disability Laws in India

 

Concept of Disability:
Disabilities is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. Disability is thus not just a health problem. It is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives.

Disability is a contested concept, with different meanings for different communities. It may be used to refer to physical or mental attributes that some institutions, particularly medicine, view as needing to be fixed. It may refer to limitations imposed on people by the constraints of an albeit society. Or the term may serve to refer to the identity of people with disabilities. It can be said that it is an impairment that may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or some combination of these. It substantially affects a person’s life activities and may be present from birth or occur during a person’s lifetime.

Legal Rights of The Disabled In India:

The Constitution of India applies uniformly to every legal citizen of India, whether they are healthy or disabled in any way (physically or mentally). The Constitution of India secures to the citizens including the disabled, a right of justice, liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship, equality of status and of opportunity and for the promotion of fraternity. The right to Education is available to all citizens including the disabled. The Constitution directs the State to provide free and compulsory education for all children until they attain the age of 14 years. The health laws of India have many provisions for the disabled. Some of the acts which make provision for the health of the citizens including the disabled may be seen in the Mental Act, 1987. Various laws relating to the marriage enacted by the Government for different communities apply equally to the disabled. There are certain circumstances that will disable a person from undertaking a marriage.

They are:

·       When the either party is a lunatic;

·       When the parties are unable to give a valid consent because of the unsound mind;

·       When the parties are within the degree of prohibited relationship.

Under the Succession Act, 1956 which applies to Hindus it has been specifically provided that physical disability or physical deformity would not remove a person from inheriting ancestral property. The rights of the disabled have not been spelt out so well in the labour legislations but provisions which cater to the disabled in their relationship with the employer are contained in delegated legislations such as rules, regulations and standing orders.

Constitutional aspects:-
The Constitution of India has guaranteed full protection to the rights of disabled people. The Preamble of the Constitution contains the concept of social justice and equality of status and opportunity to all the people of India. Article 14 & 16 of the Constitution which guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizen of India. Article 38 of the Constitution which subsides within Directive Principles of State Policy, requires the State to promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order in which social, economic and political justice can inform to all institutions of national life and the State is required to make efforts to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities amongst individuals.

Various Statutory legislations In India:

1) Persons with disabilities (PWD) (equal opportunities, protection of rights and full participation) Act, 1995: The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 had come into enforcement on February 7, 1996. It is an important step which ensures equal opportunities for the people with disabilities and their full participation in the nation building. The Act provides for both the preventive and promotional aspects of rehabilitation like education, employment and vocational training, reservation, research and manpower development, creation of barrier- free environment, rehabilitation of persons with disability, unemployment allowance for the disabled, special insurance scheme for the disabled employees and establishment of homes for persons with severe disability etc.


2) The Mental Health Act, 1987: The Mental Health Act,1987 was enacted to regulate admissions to psychiatric hospitals and  psychiatric nursing homes of mentally ill-persons who do not have sufficient understanding to seek treatment on a voluntary basis and to protect the rights of such persons while being detained, to protect society from the presence of mentally ill persons who have become or might become a danger or nuisance to others among other provisions.

3) The Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992:
It was passed to regulate the man power development programmes in the field of education of persons with special needs. The main objectives are to regulate the training policies and programmes in the field of rehabilitation of people with disabilities, to standardize training courses for rehabilitation professionals and also for ensuring the establishment of rehabilitation centres.

4) The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923:
If any injury or accident is caused to the workman in the course of work or employment then his employer has to pay compensation. As per Section 4 of the above Act, where permanent total disablement results from the injury, an amount equal to 60% of the monthly wages of the injured workman multiplied by the relevant factor or amount of twenty thousand rupees whichever is more.

5) Employee’s State Insurance Act, 1948:
Periodical payment shall be made to an insured person suffering from disablement as a result of an employment injury sustained as an employee under this Act and certified to be eligible for such payments by an authority specified in this behalf by the regulations. In India, the disabled citizens have the same rights as other citizens to a descent standard of living and economic security, right to work, education, employment and also right to access and communication.

Decided cases in India:
In Javed Abidi v. Union of India – The Supreme Court bearing in mind the discomfort and harassment suffering by a person of locomotors disability would face while travelling by train particularly to far off places, issued direction to the Indian Airlines to grant persons suffering from locomotors disability to the extent of 80%.

In Chandan Kumar Banik v. State of West Bengal – The Supreme Court has given the order to provide respite to mentally challenged inmates of a hospital in Hooghly district who were being kept chained by the hospital authority to control their unruly and violent behavior.

In National Federation of Blind v. Union Public Service commission – The Supreme Court held that, the UPSC may be directed to allow blind person for appearing the examinations for Indian Administrative and allied services.

In Govt. of NCT of Delhi v. Bharat Lal Meena – The Delhi High Court held that people with disabilities can be appointed as physical education teachers provided they have passed the qualifying examination and undergone the requisite training.

Conclusion:

Disability refers to the disadvantage or restriction of activity caused by the way society is organized which takes little or no account of people who have physical, sensory or mental impairments. As a result such people are excluded and prevented from participating effectively on equal terms in mainstream society. Disability is an unfortunate part of human life which can effect not only the natural way of living but also despair component strength and power.

How To Be Happy

Happiness is word full of joy and broad smiles. It is a never-ending trail of hunt for which everyone keep on searching throughout. But what happiness truly is? Is it having luxurious cars around you? Or is it having a feet long pool? Is it having your favourite ice cream on a bad day? Or is it playing football in the rain? 

All of it must have been recognised by you as happiness but in reality, these are just a way to your happiness. Pathways that lead you to happiness.
Happiness is a state of mind. A pause in the hustling time when you feel, feel alive. The sense of accomplishment of anything that calm your soul and maintain your peace is happiness. When our mind is relaxed and at peace, everything seems happier but if we are troubled, even the finest have flaws. 
Most of the people miss to understand the real meaning of happiness. Ofcourse, the way they see it, the things that make them happy are indeed what happiness is but all these are the pathways that leads them to the real meaning of happiness. The truth of happiness is the cause of them being happy in the definition of their happiness.
Happiness really doesn’t come free of cost. You have to live it and feel it. People need to understand that

Happiness is a choice. Once, if you choose to be happy, there is nobody who can stop you from being that.

Being happy has a direct connection with your mind. If you seek happiness with your senses, for sure you will find it. Some of the ways to be happy are :

Acceptance 

Mark a note about it for life that 
Acceptance is the key to a smooth, happy and peaceful life.
When we accept things as the way they are, we feel satisfied and when a person is satisfied, they feel happy and grateful for the way everything is/was. Accepting things and being satisfied lead us to being positive about life, and thus thankful for same. Eventually, this sense of acceptance will make you feel stronger and thus happier. You will let go things and accept some and will improve or develop skills and abilities, stepping forward to growth.

Generosity

“Whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows generously will also reap generously”     The holy Bible marks the purpose and forecoming of being generous in life. Being kind and humble to people make a person feel better and accomplished about themselves. To be able to serve the needy and helping somebody in their hard time is indeed one of the things that make people happy. When we give, we feel good and it comes back to us in unexpected ways. Always be humble to people, seeing the others smiling at you will make you feel better and happy. 

Create your own Happiness.

The best way to be happy is by creating your happiness on your own. Choosing to be happy. Choosing to have a smile on you always, not just for showing but because you genuinely are smiling from inside. Do whatever makes you smile. Go out, feel things, be thankful. Having a sense of thankfulness and gratitude is a way to ace happiness and peace. The more gratitude you have, the happier you are. Be positive about everything and be realistic. Do whatever you feel like but ofcourse not without thinking. Smile more, but not the fake one. Spend time in the real world not the social one. Say goodbyes to the toxicity and negativity from your lives. And when you are awa from all of this dust, do whatever you feel like and want to. Feel free to feel anything. Feel free to hear the birds chirping, to dance yourself off and love yourself. When you love everything about you and everything around you, you feel better. 

And you will be the happiest the moment you chose to live not to just exist. When you accept and move forward to brighter days with confidence and optimism in your veins, happiness itself will come and knock your door. Just remember, it will always be you who can either multiply or divide the happiness coming your way. Smile! I am already thankful for those which read it till yet, Thankyou and please smile? You’re so freaking precious when you smile! 

Rising in 2020 – EARTHQUAKE outbreaks

INDIA has witnessed 127 miniature earthquakes in the first half of 2020.From  the far east of Arunachal pradesh to the far north of kashmir, the south  to capital Delhi itself , miniute temours became a daily basis news.An increase in detected earthquakes does not mean an  increase in earthquake per se. Population increase,habitation spread,and advances earthquake detection technology all contribute to higher earthquake numbers recorded over time. According to long term records since 1990,we expect about 16 major earthquakes in any given year. In past 44 years there was only 11   times major earthquakes found. The year 2010 had largest earthquake record  with 24 earthquakes more than or equal to 7.0 magnitude. Other years it was 16 per year.

Earthquake may cause additional damage and hampering recovery if continuous. Since 2015 over 10,000 people died due to earthquakes and tsunamis.

Little was understood about earthquakes until emergence  of seismology at the begining of 20th century.seismology  which involves the study of all aspects of  earthquakes,has yielded answers to such long standing questions as  why and  how earth quake occurs.

An Earthquake is a perceptible shaking of the surface of  the Earth,resulting from sudden release of energy in the earth’s crust that creates seismic waves.

 Major Earthquake mainly occurs in belts coinciding with the margins of tectonic plates. The most important Earthquake belt is the Circum -pacific belt, which mainly affects coastal religion of pacific ocean – those of New zealand ,New Guinea,Japan,The Aleutian Islands,Alaska, the western coast of North and South America.80% energy released in earthquake come from this. It is known as  pacific ring of  fire as associated with volcanic activity. The 2nd is alpide Belt passes through mediterranean region eastwards from Asia and join circum -pacific belt in the East Indies. 15% energy released here .

FORMS
The energy released by elastic strain,gravity,chemical reaction or even the motion of massive bodies. All of these elastic strain  is the most important cause as this energy is only that is stored in sufficient quantity in the earth to produce major disturbances known as tectonic earthquakes.
 Some earthquakes are associated with volcanic activity.circum -pacific Belt are example.
Man made earthquakes due to poor planning in infrastructural activities like fracking for oil,dambuliding etc.
Another reason can be cooling of earth detected by scientists. It cause contraction of the earth’s crust which also volcanic disturbance causing.





Particularly In Indian perspective in 2017 suspected ,Indian tectonic plate is slowly going underneath Eurasian plate per year. May be due to this energy accumulation in this region there is greater magnitude Earthquake.


Bullet Train is required in India or not

What is Bullet Train?


The shinkansen high speed trains are colloquially called as  bullet train  for their apperance and speed. It is generally used  to describe a high-speed train of speeds above 250kmph.  Its key characteristics is its key exclusive grade seperated tracks which  enables high capacity utilization to be achieved  while maintaining  high service reliability and high safety performance.
India project

The first india bullet train will run in the Mumbai and Ahmedabad high speed rail corridor,whose construction began in 2017. The train will run at speed of 320 kmph and is expected to be completed by 2022.It is 750-seat train.The entire corridor estimated cost is Rs1,08,000 crore .Japan has offered a loan to India. There will be 12 stations on route ,majority of route will be elevated. A part of it will run through a 7 km long undersea tunnel. It will usher a new era of development.

Why Need of this service?                                    Bullet train project is expected to create 4000 direct job opportunities,along with 20000 indirect job and 20000  construction workers will also be employed.                                                                         set up of stations will come up as will attract urban growth..In the backdrop of increasing concerns over environmental pollution and degradation of fossil   fuels ,energy efficient  and environment friendly. IT emit Eighth and fifth of carbon dioxide as against automobiles and aeroplanes per passenger km.India is vast country,it requires to travel faster.while air transport can cater to such needs but simply cannot match that of railways. It is important to adopt proven  state of the art technologies.It will save time and boast business.

Seems redundant ?
 
The Mumbai -Ahmedabad train costs around one lakh crore Indian rupees. It may further get increased due to delays and further inflation.
The fare may range from 4000  to 5000 rs to make the running of trains economically variable. Such may be afforded by rich who would rather prefer air tickets. Travel by train in India is mostly done by poor class.
The complexities of the project will give rise to land acquisition ,rehabilitation and environmental concerns. It will give rise to poverty.
Facts
 The indian  Railways is in worrying state. There is first need to strengthening the present infrastructure of the railways.
The recent increase in rail accident strengthen this case.
The committee also recommended  a complete shift to LHB coaches to minimize the loss of lives due to derailment.

INCREASE IN CYBER CRIMES – TARGETING SOCIAL MEDIA USERS

Since the beginning of times, man has been always been inclined to have more advanced technologies and always work to make the existing technologies better and bigger. The advancement in technology has surely paved way for various inventions and developments in several other fields, leading to better health facilities, educational facilities, new and better transportation, good communication devices and methods, etc. However, these advancements has lead to an increase in crimes, especially the increase of cyber crimes among the people, extracting their personal information and using it to blackmail them.
Cyber crimes are the criminal activities that involve the use of internet and computers to hack into other people’s computers, steal confidential business information, gain access to government information and extract information out of them or disable the services provided to people. It is usually done by novice hackers who do it for their own gain by the selling the information to others or sometimes by companies to sabotage the work of their competitors and have a upper hand. 
In India, the percentage of complaints in regard to cyber crimes is 32% which is higher in comparison to countries like USA and UK, where the percentage is about 11-15% of the complaints filed. The Indian Law does not provide a proper definition for the term cyber crime, but it has introduced an act i.e. Information Technology Act 2000 (IT Act 2000), to tackle different types of cyber crimes. One of the main reasons for the increase in these crimes is the dependency of the people on the internet.

In today’s time, the main source of increased cyber crimes is on the social media platforms, as it attracts everyone on the internet either as a means to connect with their family and friends or to start and promote their businesses. In 2013, the stock market lost more than $130 Billion as the hackers gained control of the twitter account of the associated press and posted a fake story that a bomb had exploded in the White House that caused the dow to drop 150 points. This is just one of the many incidents that happen daily which harm the cyber safety of the people.

The youth of the country is the most inclines towards the use of social media as a platform to showcase their lifestyle, talents, startup a small business, or to earn money. They have to provide their data to set up their account and also provide some basic information so that they can attract a particular group of the society to their profile. The hackers then strategically extract personal information of the users, along with the list of their friends and family. One of the main reasons of the increase in crimes relating to social media is the idea of extracting revenge from one another. People hack into other peoples account and post malicious contents, send vulgar images and messages from the hacked account.

One of the most common type of Cyber Crime is Phishing.It is a fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information from the people such as their usernames, passwords, credit card details, bank details etc. Hackers send phishing emails to people by luring them with the offer that they have won a lottery and tempt them into paying the person thousands of rupees and eventually becoming a victim of the cyber crime. One of the most famous case of the Cyber Crime was the con artists of the Jamtara district of Jharkhand.

The crime was committed by the boys aged between 15-17 years. They would either pose themselves as the customer care executives of the banks or would call random people informing them that they have a jackpot and out of greed, people would provide with their bank details. Those boys would then use that information to rob the people out of the money that have been deposited in their bank accounts. This is just one of many incidents of the cyber crime that happen on a daily basis but there are several cases that are not even registered with the Police.

WAYS TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM CYBER CRIMES

1. Never put your personal information out their for the public eye.
2. Always keep your software update and install an anti-virus software in your system to protect from unwanted virus attacks.
3. Always inform your child about the concerns that are with the internet and keep an eye on their activities online. 
4. Always report any spam and malicious emails that you receive.
5. Be extra careful while visiting any site online and never click on any unwanted advertisements. 
6. Always use a strong password that is a combination of numbers, special characters, small and capital letters. 

What are Human Rights?

 

In order to live with dignity certain basic rights and freedoms are necessary, which all Human beings are entitled to, these basic rights are called Human Rights

Human rights demand recognition and respect for the inherent dignity to ensure that everyone is protected against abuses which undermine their dignity, and give the opportunities they need to realize their full potential, free from discrimination.

Human rights are the rights a person has simply because he or she is a human being. Human rights are held by all persons equally, universally, and forever. “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.” Kant said that human beings have an intrinsic value absent in inanimate objects. To violate a human right would therefore be a failure to recognize the worth of human life.

Human right is a concept that has been constantly evolving throughout human history. They have been intricately tied to the laws, customs and religions throughout the ages. Most societies have had traditions similar to the “golden rule” of “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” The Hindu Vedas, the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi, the Bible, the Quran (Koran), and the Analects of Confucius are five of the oldest written sources which address questions of people’s duties, rights, and responsibilities.

Different counties ensure these rights in different way. In India they are contained in the Constitution as fundamental rights, i.e. they are guaranteed statutorily. In the UK they are available through precedence, various elements having been laid down by the courts through case law. In addition, international law and conventions also provide certain safeguards.

Human rights refer to the “basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled.” Examples of rights and freedoms which have come to be commonly thought of as human rights include civil and political rights, such as the right to life and liberty, freedom of expression, and equality before the law; and social, cultural and economic rights, including the right to participate in culture, the right to food, the right to work, and the right to education. “A human right is a universal moral right, something which all men, everywhere, at all times ought to have, something of which no one may be deprived without a grave affront to justice, something which is owing to every human simply because he is human.”

Human rights are inalienable: you cannot lose these rights any more than you can cease being a human being.

Human rights are indivisible: you cannot be denied a right because it is “less important” or “non-essential.”

Human rights are interdependent: all human rights are part of a complementary framework. For example, your ability to participate in your government is directly affected by your right to express yourself, to get an education, and even to obtain the necessities of life.

Another definition for human rights is those basic standards without which people cannot live in dignity. To violate someone’s human rights is to treat that person as though he or she was not a human being. To advocate human rights is to demand that the human dignity of all people be respected.

In claiming these human rights, everyone also accepts the responsibility not to infringe on the rights of others and to support those whose rights are abused or denied.

Basic Requirements for Human Rights – Any society that is to protect human rights must have the following characteristics –
1. A de-jure or free state in which the right to self-determination and rule of law exist.
2. A legal system for the protection of human rights.
3. Effective organized (existing within the framework of the state) or unorganized guarantees.

Classification – Human rights have been divided into three categories:
1. First generation rights which include civil and political rights.
2. Second generation rights such as economic, social and cultural rights.
3. Third generation rights such as the right of self-determination and the right to participate in the benefits from mankind’s common heritage.

Human rights may be either positive or negative. An example of the former is the right to a fair trial and an example of the latter is the right not to be tortured.

Human rights are fundamental to the stability and development of countries all around the world. Great emphasis has been placed on international conventions and their implementation in order to ensure adherence to a universal standard of acceptability. With the advent of globalization and the introduction of new technology, these principles gain importance not only in protecting human beings from the ill-effects of change but also in ensuring that all are allowed a share of the benefits. The impact of several changes in the world today on human rights has been both negative and positive.

We live in Deeds Not in Years

God has not sent us into the world to partake the feast spread before us. Life is not festival but an obligation. For his life, man owes his debut to his parents ,ancestors,fellowmen,and to other beings. The meaning of life is realised when we fulfil these obligations. The debts are paid through our actions, big or small. It is wrong to believe that big deeds only matter and nameless actions go abegging.Each people who put his worth in fulfilment of his duties and obligations,performs great deeds.The true greatness of man comes out” in little unremembered act of kindness and love”.A great heroism is required in doing small deeds.


 In this world ,we are not meant to bear flower and fruit. If we do noble deeds, these deeds bring us contentment and build up our self reliance.Our deeds are our fruits. We leave behind us the memory of our heroic deeds.one who lives long without doing anything ,is forgotten as soon as he dies.No poet will sing his praises and he would die “unwept unhonoured and unsung”.it is only deeds which makes us lamented and remembered.

It is not the size or amount of work which counts.one work faithfully done is more valuable than a hundred done half heartedly.It is laid down in Gita,”you have right to the deeds only and never to its results”.To do is man’s duty and reward is in the hands of God.The essence of life is energy, and energy is manifested in action.

True life does not consists in the length  of our existence on Earth but in noble and heroic deeds performed by us.Just to sleep,eat and live the prescribed course of life ,is not living at all.Noble deed alone establish his divinity.

It is often seen in the case of great souls  that their noble achievements were won in comparatively short lives.Alexander conquered many countries and died at 33 yrs of age.swami vivekananda  died young but brought revolution in the world of Religion.shelly and keats name found in English poetry who died early. 


Thoughts lie hidden in our minds and they cannot be understood.This thoughts are translated into action that they are evaluated. Therefore not only deeds but the way in which we perform them, gives significance to life.salvation lies in action and the ever -abiding truth remains that work alone is workship.life is earnest,is real and we are here not to play,to dream and to drift.

The Impact of Social Media Marketing

 

What is Social Media?

Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein describe social media as “a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content”.

Social Media contains two words. The first one is “Social” which means interaction, sharing and so on. Another word is “Media” where to say that social media is a medium for publication.

Social media contains a lot of tools and applications which let the users express their opinion, publish articles, sharing videos and so on easily.

Social Media Influence:

According to Sir Andrew Likierman, London Business School Dean, “social media has completely disrupted the way businesses assess their performance”. This statement is completely true because social media is no longer an option but is a must, especially companies that dealing straightly with customers. Some business can completely avoid thinking about social media like wholesalers because they are just dealing with another business. Since social media became more powerful, organization are facing difficulties to measure their performance. They must have specific strategy for social media or even companies could have one special unit that handle feedbacks and responses from user. Any negative feedbacks should grab attention and they have to discuss on how to react with any negative comments. Any negative response from customers will be there on net forever. No way to remove that and because of that, companies that avoid think about social media will lose some customers.

Customers are now become more particular about with whom and from where they are buying products or services. They willing to make online search before making any purchase decision especially for expensive items. Since internet is now more conveniently searchable through smart phones, customer can make search in just a minute. That’s why companies must have social media presence and put some attention to manage customer response and try to convince them that the business is reputable and trusted.

Social media providing big opportunity to organization to build better relationship with clients and providing real one to one communication. They have no better advertising then “word of mouth”. Satisfied customers surely will share to their friends in their social network about their experiences with the particular company. If one person shares their experience to his 400 Facebook friends, and that friends spread that news to their friends, the information moves extremely fast. If a video uploaded in YouTube with attracting title like “Think Twice before you eat XXX”, this video surely will grab thousands or even millions of social medial users. With “Share” function available almost in any site, in just a second we can share anything to social media community.

One of the main reasons that we must use social media is because our competition is using that daily as marketing strategy. Another big reason why a business should use social media because their customers and future customers are using it. A lot of people have at least one social media account like Facebook, YouTube and so on. A business should present their brand where customers are. Traditionally we can see people open shops at crowd places like in shopping mall and so on. The same case here where a business should present in crowd place like social media. Millions of people using that every day.

Some Fail Stories of Businesses When Using Social Media:

In 2012, giant car manufacturer Toyota launched Camry Effect Campaign on Twitter to promote Camry. They had created number of Twitter account. This campaign was designed for directly communicating with users but what happen is, big number of users start to accuse Toyota for their bombarding and spamming marketing then with many unsolicited messages. As response Toyota suspended their accounts. Until now this campaign is well known as fails campaign. The main problem with this campaign is, not because Toyota Spamming but the content of the messages that they send out were not attracting. They also were sending same messages content over and over. They were only sending promotional messages which did not help to build relationship with users.

Advantage of Social Media for Business:

The advertising cost is much more cheaper then traditional advertising and promotional activities. Social media also gives full value for every penny they spend. Traditional advertising only shows the brand to the customer but with social media company can build long term relationship through “Like” function and can get their email address for sending future emails.

Future customer able to find our brand through many channels like sharing activities, news, search engine search result and so on which gives company free advertising. Social media can bring huge amount of traffic to their content especially when that content is grabbing their attention. This is what we can call free traffic or free customers.

Social media allows customers to express their experiences to others. A satisfied customer surely will bring another new customer through sharing experience activity. Companies will improve their products and services to customers.

Disadvantage of Social Media for Business:

A successful online presence especially in social media, a company needs an experienced team which can improve companies’ reputation. Social media becomes unique and able to drive a lot of sales when they engage with their customers. This mean they have to reply messages, comments and so on. Pushing sales without engaging with customers or not responding to negative feedback will damage the companies’ reputation. Organization also must produce new contents and always find out ways to overcome to any negative feedback.

Wrong online presence strategy will damage the companies’ reputation and put them at a viral social disadvantages. Any mistake they companies make in front of thousand of fans or social media members will result in big reputation impact. So, companies must be careful when performing social media campaign.

Using social media marketing and advertising campaign could be more time consuming because companies would have to watch out every activity in the social media.

Conclusion:

Social media gives deep impact to the business world. Today from small companies to big giant companies. Social media landscape is big and the system and technology are continuously growing and changing everyday. Companies who are using and present in social media are enjoying big benefits. Social media is no longer an option but is a must especially companies that dealing straightly with customers. Social media promises a lot of opportunities and challenges, so organization must prepare themselves for facing it.

Censorship of the Internet

 

Nowadays, the internet has been gaining its popularity at an amazing rate. The internet has become an important communicative tool, which brings significant convenience and efficiency for people. However, the internet also has severe weakness. Although the internet is comprehensive and the internet is not easy to limit, many countries are working on the censorship of the Internet. The issue of internet censorship is a complex and controversial one. As a matter of fact, the censorship of the internet is a double-edged sword. The censorship can work in some instances, but in others it can be detrimental to society.

The internet censorship can be a protection measure. As the internet is open and comprehensive, the quality and authenticity of internet information is questionable. There are a lot of undue materials online, such as pornography and violence, which undoubtedly exerts a negative influence on people especially children physically and psychologically. Although there are several laws which regulate the illegal information and illegal activities, the laws are not complete enough to regulate all the illegal or immoral activities. It is very hard to charge a person for internet crimes, especially if the person is from a foreign website. Thus, the illegal activities and undue information are still rampant on the internet. Thus, internet censorship is needed for internet regulation. The censorship of internet can cleanse the internet information and protect people to some extent.

The censorship of internet can filter the inappropriate information online and protect children from disturbing websites, such as, child pornography, sexual violence and detailed instructions in crime or drug use. The undue internet information may weaken children’s moral consciousness and pollute children’s soul. Thus, the undue websites can have a severely bad effect on the healthy growth of children or even cause adolescent crime. However, children are easy to contact undue internet information. Since parents can not monitor the web pages that children browse in any time and at any place, the censorship of internet can help the parents to filter undue websites for children and protect them from the misguidance and negative influence of internet.

The censorship of internet can help women. In order to get more click rate and benefits, many “adult” websites advocate violent sexual abuse of women. Many women suffer from the hell made by the internet because the internet makes them sold into slavery through the international sex trade. The censorship of internet can block access to these websites, regulate or even shut down some of these websites, and thus reduce the sexual exploitation of women in the internet. Thus, the censorship of internet can protect women to some degree.

The censorship of internet can guard people from the disturbing email spam. For many net citizens, junk email is a troublesome problem. Some junk emails may have malware, and the malware will be activated when net citizens open the email. Some junk emails may be phishing schemes that attempt to steal net citizens’ identity and threatens the economic safety and privacy. Some junk emails may be fraudulent schemes or offensive material. Besides, there are a lot of annoying unsolicited advertisements. Spam filters can block junk emails for net citizens and make their internet life more safe and simple.

The censorship of internet can protect the privacy life of people. Besides, there are some net citizens or websites that make a malafide use of internet to diffuse others privacy, like other’s private video, private pictures and so on. The censorship of internet can prevent these duly. Thus, sometimes, in order to protect the privacy of people, the censorship of internet is necessary.

The censorship of internet can protect people’s economic interest. Some internet information can threaten people’s economic interest. Internet banking frauds happens frequently. The censorship of internet can filter a great deal of fraudulent information in the internet and enhance the supervision and control of internet banking. Due to internet censorship, a great number of financial frauds, phishing, identity thefts, credits card thefts and many other illegal activities are prevented. Therefore, the economic loss of internet users are reduced or avoided.

The censorship of internet can decrease internet violence and protect people’s personal security. In India or even the whole world, internet bullying and violence has become a serious issue. There are many suicide cases caused by internet bullying. The internet users are anonymous and the information spread fast on the internet. Some users take advantages of internet to carry on internet violence. The users may slander, abuse others and expose others’ privacy, which will bring about great harm to the victims. Some websites make use of internet illegally, which will give rise to baneful influence and threaten people’s life security. Internet murders happen. Through social networking sites, internet users deceive and murder other users. There are some suicide websites that abet suicide, communicate suicide knowledge and provide suicide methods. The occurrence of all these incidents and similar incidents make the internet censorship necessary. Internet censorship can prevent unjustified defamation, limit internet violence and protect people’s life security.

The censorship of internet can help to protect social stability and national safety. Since the internet censorship can help to curb the large number of illegal activities and internet crimes, it is good to the stability of society.

Let your marks not weigh more than YOU.

As results of class 12th and 10th have been recently announced by CBSE for the year 2020, there has been a trail of pressure, judgement, stress and comparison flowing through the people of society. Examinations are conducted to test the theoretical knowledge, a person has gained throughout his schooling. It is true that people consider marks and percentages as a resemblance of a person’s skills and IQ but you need to know that all of it is just a myth not a fact. 

It is the people who has made this phase of  schooling so difficult for students that their mind is overpowered by thoughts of inferiority, shame and failure. Marks have never been given the authority to judge who a person is and what thoughts he behold.
The only criteria on the basis of which a student should ever judge himself is on the basis of his efforts. The only person who knows where he really stands and can judge himself and even conclude on being him a failure or a success is the student itself. Indian society has made ‘the result’ of a student, a criteria to forecast his future, a portfolio of his abilities and the prediction of his life. The students need to understand and seek what their peace really demands. 
Ofcourse, the only concern which ever runs in the minds of the students regarding the result is about their parents, which is obvious but they really do need to understand that along with them, your own wellbeing should also concern you the same.

Who will ever value your marks more than your mental health? 

Nobody right? Not even your parents. But still we keep on finding our faults and blaming ourselves rather than focusing and working on what’s still in your hands. I get it that it may take time for your parents to understand but they will. No parent ever want to see their child stressed and that too atleast not because of something their kid spent months working on.

You worked hard, you laid your efforts. You know this. Your family does. Who else matters? If you know the real you, your family knows about the dedication and efforts you put then why to prove this to somebody else? That somebody who didn’t even try to see the dedication in you but to criticize you for your performance? Who gave the right to the society to demoralise you even though you know that they know nothing about how it all happened. 

Don’t ever let the negative thoughts of PEOPLE overpower YOUR mind.

Remember that no marks will ever, EVER value more than you, your peace, your well-being and your mental health. It’s okay if you lack somewhere. It’s okay even if you top. It’s okay if you are somewhere in the middle and it’s okay even if you have to do it again. Examinations, marks, results come and go every year. What stays with you is how you dealt with it and what you learnd from it. Did you work harder to smash the critics with the real you or you let them eat your mind? Did you pull yourself up and tell yourself that it is okay to fall because you know you will win or see it as the end to the journey?

It is just a result kiddo. It is just a result. In a few days, it will be faded and everyone will forget, even the topper will be forgotten. But you need to remember that there will be endless opportunities waiting for you and it will be you to decide how much to get out of it. The topper, the average and the fighters, all of them will be on the same platform as soon as they persue further education. Your fate will be in your hands.

No A+ guarantee the success in life nor a D concludes failure. It is our vision to see things. For some, their failure is the end, for some, it is the beginning. The beginning to something new, to something better. 

You create your result, don’t let it create you. 

Discovering Strength

‘It’s not who you think you are, it is who you think you are not that holds your back.’

Sometimes the greatest strength lies beneath the tree we look upon for the shade. A beam of light hits the dark when it is at its peak in order to shine the brightest. Amidst this chaotic life, we often lose the balance of our lives. Most of the time, it is a loss. Some loses something, other lose themselves. No matter how many of us shall accept it but the fact is everyone has gone through something bad in their life, a little worse or the worst of worst but every experience has some lessons and learnings in it.

The hardships and hapiness in one’s life forms a curvy road but with full of joy, sorrow, pain, healings and love.

When we are struck in the middle of the road, so full yet so lone, we long for a wanderer to give a ride to this lone traveller. But little do we ever think who can this wanderer be?

We often get puzzled searching for the solution that we forgot to search for the places never touched. When we search for help from other , we forget that there exist the greatest helper for you, the one who has never left your side, the one who has always been there for you. The one who is non judgemental, truest of all and the honest of all and that person is YOU.

You hold the greatest strength of yourself. You are the person who has the power to pop yourself out from this aching and hurting mud.

When life throws you in an ocean of changes and hardships, make sure you come out surfing through it.

There is something that winds of change teaches you, something different yet comforting, something which gifts you a moment to adore yourself. Something which gives you the strength and time to analyse and introspect yourself. The changes in the circumstances not always be regarding heartbreaks but sometimes it is about feeling yourself and seeing yourself grow with those changes. Whether it be travelling alone, being distant, thinking, observing or even starring. Each one of it gives you a chance to witness evey side of yourself. Giving time to yourself, to feel alive and to actually let the butterflies of you to fly in the endless, enormous sky is what you need sometimes.

The comfort created by you to solicit your own soul inside out is the most needed essential of life. Whenever you spend time with yourself, you see the mind knocking the door or the heart and talking their way out. It feels alive when you give time to yourself and see what you are willing to seek in others in your OWNSELF. You create, live, feel and cherish every second you have been gifted to live. When you unlock the doors to yourself, you unlock the door to happiness and solicity. When a person stops looking for love in other’s eyes, he searches for it in his own. That’s exactly when you uncover life and discover the greatest strength and that is solely you.

It is me who runs the mind. If I let him think dark, I am the one who own the power to convert in all into light.

When you ponder the vibes of yourself, you will know exactly how to deal with the obstructions and hurdles that awaits you. To look upon yourself as the shoulder you need, to have your own back when you fall , to gift yourself smile when your heart feels low are the ways of strength coming to you. Once, when you accompany your heart with the support of your mind, you feel stronger and better ultimately conquering the world and acing the way of life.

It is the victory you win, it is the milestone you achieve. Sometimes it is necessary to fall down so you know that you have yourself to pull you up. You are your strength because you are the one who has been through it all, all alone. If you have made it till yet, just don’t stop to get yourself back to the way you were, happy and carefree.

For the part which is broken of you, ought to be fixed by you because nothing can destroy the strength that is born from inside.

It's Okay to Be You

How many of you are a priority of yourself? A few right? Yep ofcourse how would you ever be able to put yourself first when all you have done throughout your life is to keep your loved ones ahead.

Well, without any doubt, that’s one of the most beautiful gestures for our loved ones. But seldom do we often forget to nurture and cherish ourselves in between the rush of seeking love from others. You, yes you, my lovely reader! You are no less than a miracle. The way you radiate smiles and comfy vibes to the people around you is exactly what they seek for. Okay, well can you do me a favor? Just close one of your eyes and read this. Now flaunt your teeth. Yes, perfect see you are almost there! Now flaunt it a little more, see, see it changing into a precious smile of yours, making your cheeks happier.

This person in you, smiling right now is the person you wish to see with yourself throughout right? The happy little kiddo who longs to smile the happiest but is trapped by the thoughts and doubts over self. It happens that we get conscious of ourselves and often get triggered negatively by some of the things said by people to us. When being poked for acting childishly or laughing louder or even not sitting properly or just being a kid while playing with a baby, you might feel yourself bounded and think that you should act your age right? But let me tell you, there is nothing in this world that can tell you how to act. It is about the things you feel the happiest doing. It is about what puts on a smile on your face when everybody let you down. It is about how you recreate your mischives in this busy running life.

It is how you live life. It is about how you feel alive. It is about being yourself. It is about loving yourself.

Remember this, It is always okay to be YOU. Living a life without regrets is way better living a life with restrictions i.e living a life of your choice is always happier than living the one through the minds of others.

We often come across experiences in our lives that compells us to feel harsh and foul about ourselves. There comes a time when all you feel for yourself is hatred and blame yourself for all the deeds you have done. In the haphazard of life, you let the sadness and despair of you conquer the reality of you. We seek for faults we never commited. We push ourselves into that zone where there is nobody to pull you out. Even after knowing this, we do this because we just don’t know how to deal with all of it.

I want you to know that It is okay. It is okay to commit mistakes, it is okay to feel things, it is okay to let yourself go through it. But what not okay is to let yourself be consumed by all of it. When we give thousands of chances for improvement to others for their endless mistakes then why not one to yourself? Even when you feel it yourself that how guilty you are for each of your bad deeds and knowing that you are working on it. Still why do we stop ourselves from letting ourselves out from the dark? Because you think you don’t deserve to be healed? Or maybe you feel it is all the punishment for your deeds? Just know that it is never wrong to go and love yourself.

You are a person to be loved. You are somebody who needs to be cherished for all the beauty you hold. There are flaws in everybody. What matters is how you embrace and flaunt your flaws. What matters is how you heal your scars and shine from within. What matters is how you accept the way you are and step ahead towards your growth. What matters is how you create a piece of art from those broken pieces of yours.

You are beautiful when you act as a child because that is the kid within you living your childhood again. You are beautiful when you laugh the hardest because that is how the happiest you look likes. You are beautiful just the way you are because that’s how you have mended all your pieces together to form this masterpiece.

Art is what runs in the veins of you. You are a miracle so glorious that not everybody has the vision to adore it. A beauty not everyone can understand. But see here you are, here I am who knows how vulnerable you are. How sensitive and lovely you are and how much love and care you need. If you know it all now, just be the person to love yourself endlessly and cherish every scar and sight of you. It is always okay to live the life you wished to live. It is always okay to be in love with yourself. It is always okay to put yourself first.

It is always okay to treat yourself the way you dreamt of treating your loved ones. It is okay, it is all okay for the time you love yourself.