Vitamins

Vitamins and minerals are very important for everyone to be fitter and healthier. It is very important to consume the food which is rich in vitamins and minerals. And there are many side effects of not consuming vitamins and minerals like vitamin deficiency. Vitamins and minerals are good source of energy.

Nutrients are very important to consume and have good cause. An individual must prefer nutritious food than the junk food. It is very important to eat the fruits and vegetables rather than eating the high calorie food.

Many of the people does not include those fruits and vegetables in their diet. When they do not include the fruits and vegetables it leads to the malnutrition sometimes.

Types of vitamins :

There are 13 essential vitamins. They are vitamins A,C,D,E,K, and the B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid , biotin,B6, B12, and folate). Vitamins have different jobs to help keep the body working properly. Some vitamins help you resist infections and keep your nerves healthy, while others may help your body get energy from food or help your blood clot properly.

Food sources :

* vitaminD from fatty fish, fish liver oils, fortified milk products, and fortified cereals.

* vitamin B12 from meat, fish, poultry milk, and fortified breakfast cereals. Some people over age 50 have trouble absorbing the vitamin B12 found naturally in foods. They may need to take vitamin B12 supplements and eat foods fortified with this vitamin.

* calcium is a mineral that is important for strong bones and teeth, so there are special recommendations for older people who are at risk for bone lkss. You can get calicium from milk and other dairy, some forms of tofu, dark green leafy vegetables, soyabeans, canned sardines and salmon with bones, and calcium – fortified foods.

* Magnesium is found in foods containing dietary fiber, such as green leafy vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts and seeds. Breakfast cereals and other fortified foods often have added magnesium. It is also present in tap, mineral, or bottled drinking water.

* pottasium is found in fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy foods. Foods high in potassium include dried apricots, lentils and potatoes. Adults get a lot of their potassium from milk, coffee , tea and other nonalcoholic beverages.

* preparing your own meals at home without using a lot of processed foods or salts will allow you to control how much sodium you get.

* vitamin B6 is found in a wide variety of foods . The richest sources of vitamin B6 include fish, beef liver, potatoes and other starchy vegetables, and fruit ( other than citrus).

* vitamin A can be found in products such as eggs and milk. It can also be found in vegetables and fruits, like carrots and mangoes.

* vitamin C is found in some of the best fruits and vegetables. Citrus fruits, tomatoes, and potatoes can be large source of vitaminC

* vitamin E can be found in nuts like peanuts and almonds and can be found in vegetable oils, too. It can also be found in green vegetables, like broccoli and spinach.

* vitamin B1 in meat- especially pork- and fish. It’s also in whole grains and some fortified breads, cereals, and pastas.

* vitamin B2 in eggs and organ meat, such as liver and kidneys, and lean meat. It is found in green vegetables, like asparagus and broccoil.

* vitamin B3 can be found in some types of nuts, legumes, and grains. It can also be found in poultry , beef, and fish.

* vitamin K can be found in many foods including green leafy vegetables, like spinach and kale and in some fruits, such as blueberries and figs . It can also be found in cheese, eggs and different meats.

* Folate can be found in vegetables and fruit, such as broccoli brussel sprouts, spinach, and oranges. It can also be found in nuts ,

Most of the teenagers consume junk food instead of eating the healthy food that is the fruits and vegetables. The junk food contain some preservatives in it and they’re also rich in fats and carbohydrates which are not so good. Doing a mistake is acceptable but doing the mistake even after knowing the truth is a bad one. So, all the teenagers must know the need of the situation and must bring the awareness among the people who are addicted to the junk food. They must motivate the people who are in it all the time.

What to Bring to a Job Interview

Job Interview is the most crucial phase of a person’s life. It is one step towards your success in life. If you are here, that means you probably applied for a job and now you have got a callback. So don’t worry, you have come to the right place. Here you will find absolutely everything you need to know about preparing for an interview. Once you have made up your mind about the interview, then there’s only one thing you have to take care of, that is, a list of essentials to take with you.

The first step towards preparing for an interview is to make a checklist of all the essential items you have to bring to the interview. Don’t panic. Just take a deep breath and leave this tension on us. We will clear all your doubts and you can go ace your interview. We might need a Thank you note afterwards ! Anyways, the most important thing is your confidence. Then comes your A-game. Other than these there are a few things which are shown below. So to make the employers pleasantly surprised, check out our fully detailed and updated list of what you need to bring to your interview. Come on let’s have a look and dive straight into the main points.

What to bring to a job interview ?

You don’t want to make a fool of yourself if you show up half prepared for your interview. So we are here to help you with that. Here are some items listed below. Use this list to make sure you are fully prepared for your big day.

Folder – There are many documents and papers you need to carry to the interview. So a folder is an organized way to do that. You can store all the necessary documents in the folder. Plus you will have an easy access to your documents when needed.
Copies of your resume – You should carry at least 5 copies of your resume. It will ensure that you have a resume for every employer you meet. Keep them safe, otherwise you’ll lose them. Keep them in the folder so they don’t wrinkle or bend. And it certainly won’t hurt to print a copy to keep for yourself. Would it ?
Copies of your cover letter – Keep at least 5 copies of your cover letter. Bring them in the folder to ensure that they are safe from bending and you have easy access to them. One for you and others for all the employers you meet. It will be helpful, trust us on this one ! It will also be helpful in case one gets misplaced.
Portfolio or your Work samples – Your portfolio is the most crucial and promising step ahead to you securing the job. Your work samples should be neatly maintained and are required to be perfect for the level of the job. The portfolio will be the best option to showcase your talents and what you have achieved in the past. It also helps the employer in finding your true potential and increases your chances of getting the job. The hiring manager always goes for the portfolio first. Keep it in the folder to have easy access to it when needed.
A notepad and a pen – You should absolutely carry a notepad to write down the names, the company’s information and of course to note down what the employer has to say. Maybe try to catch up on the important information you get. But don’t take so many notes that you forget to make eye contact. That will not be a good impression and will show you as incompetent. Make sure to carry more than one pen so you have an extra if one runs out of ink. Don’t forget to first ask for permission from the employer to take notes.
A list of references – Now, even if you are going well with the interview, a list of references will be a good addition to the list of things you need to carry with you. The employer might ask you for references anytime during the interview. So it will be good to be prepared for this hurdle beforehand. Think of all the people who could vouch for you and maybe put in good word for you to the hiring manager. Make sure to include the contact information with the details of your references. But don’t worry if you are not much experienced or don’t have any references to list down. Any former teachers will also make a pretty good reference. Just don’t list down your family members or friends. That will surely be the embarrassing highlight of the day.
A bag or a briefcase – Carry a briefcase so it looks professional and you have a great first impression on the employer. It will help you carry all the items easily to the location. You should organize the items and documents in a proper manner so that they are easily accessible to you when needed. You don’t want to look like you can’t even handle your things. Pages dropping out of your hand will not look good. Now, would it ?
Identification proof or Photo ID – Of course this is a very common thing to remember to take anywhere. Nut we thought it might be beneficial for you to remember to take it with you for your big day ahead. You don’t want to lose a probable job because you forgot your photo id. That would be depressing but don’t stress, we are here to remind you. Taking your identification with you will be good and will look professional. It may also earn you more points on the employers priority list of selection for the job. And plus you might need it to get through the security outside of the building.
Talking points – You might want to add this also to your list. These should basically be the summary of your experience in bullet points. Points will be easy to glance at once before the big meeting. It will also boost your confidence and keep you out of stress. These points can be your specific skills that you might want to put light on in front of the employer. And most importantly your accomplishments should be surely mentioned so that you remember to review them before the meeting and you don’t forget to tell all about them.
Questions for the Hiring Manager – These are the questions for you to ask the hiring manager. Any queries you have regarding the job can be written down on a paper and asked during or after the interview. These questions may also be regarding any company policies you need to clarify about. You can ask about the position you are applying for. But remember, do not ask for the salary details. It might cast a bad light on you in front of the manager. At least wait until he / she brings it up himself / herself. And remember to be specific in your questions and of course, ask in a professional manner to make a good impression. The questions should be valid and easily understandable to the employer. They should be good and relevant enough to make you stand out from the other applicants.
Travel directions to the interview – You should absolutely carry the travel directions to the building you are suppose to go to. You certainly don’t want to get lost in the middle of no where. Do you ? So better carry a print out of the directions to the company building. It will of course be helpful if you are going in a new city for the interview or travelling first time to the area. And getting lost might get you late for the meeting. It could also cost you the chance to work in the company. After all your hard work and preparation, you don’t want to get late because of unexpected delays and interruptions that might get in your way. So it is better to be prepared before hand. And even after planning your schedule 10 – 15 minutes early, you are still running late then you should definitely inform the office or the employer.
Contact information – You should have the contact information of the employer as well as the front desk of the company you are going to. In case you are running late or any other interruption has entered your way, then you can easily get in touch with them and maybe they will understand. But good luck with that ! Mostly the hiring managers don’t consider any issues but you can always hope for better. However, it is better to make sure you reach to the building on time.
Business cards – They may not be necessary but are certainly a good addition to the list. They can be eye catching and helpful for increasing your chances of getting the job. It is only because the hiring manager may find you smart and more experienced if you show a business card. It depicts you as a more professional candidate for the job. They might also be helpful in providing your contact information to the employer. Business cards are just a piece of paper to store your information in a concise form and in a single place.

What else you should carry with you ?

Well, there are a lot of other things that you need to keep in mind while preparing for an interview. They are not things to carry to the meeting, but rather some personality traits or may we say, a professional persona. Here, come on we will have a look at them.

Positive mind – You need to remind yourself that you have worked so hard for this job and now this is where it all comes comes together. You need to keep a positive mind going into the big meeting. Do not stress or have doubts about the job just before the interview. It can destroy all your hard work that you put into it. You just need some positive vibes around you to keep you all ready to go and ace the interview. Believe in yourself and there it is. You did it. You will get through it with flying colors.
Confidence – Now the next is confidence. Well all of us know that this is the most important and required component of your list. Remember, do not get nervous. Do not get cold feet at the last minute. It will ruin your preparation and afterwards you will feed bad and regret not being confident enough. But of course, you know there is a fine line between being fully mentally prepared and being overconfident. Do not in whatever circumstances, cross that line. More than anything else, being overconfident will surely almost drop your chances of getting the job.
A professional outfit – Your first impression will be taken on how you look. It is very important for you to look absolutely professional. You need to set a work outfit for your big meeting with the employer. A suit with formal shoes and well trimmed hair should be a nice and presentable attire for men. And as for women, a shirt with trousers or maybe work skirts paired with nice pair of heels or shoes. These are just our suggestions for you, but it totally depends on what you have on your mind. Just remember that your outfit should be neat, presentable and properly ironed. You don’t want the employer to see the wrinkles on your shirt peeking out during your interview ! And one more last tip is that wear what you feel comfortable in but also maintaining the theme of a professional attire.
Practice – All of us have heard that ‘Practice makes a person perfect.’ Haven’t we ? So this applies here too. Practice for the interview in advance. Like practice your communication skills. Maybe practice speaking your questions out loud. Check your confidence level too. Practice enough that you don’t regret afterwards. Search for the common interview questions that are mostly asked and practice answering those questions. And lastly, practice arranging and taking out items from your folder without fumbling.
Attitude – This may sound absurd but it’s not what you think. We are not telling you to go to your interview with a snarky attitude. By this we simply mean that you should have a positive attitude when you go in. You should have hope and faith in yourself that you will ace it and get through certainly.
A well prepared mind – A well prepared mind would be the perfect ingredient for a successful interview. You need to be mentally prepared and healthy while going in. Throw out the self doubts and the low self esteem surfacing your thoughts. Make sure you get a good sleep before the big day. Go get the job with a peaceful mind.
Your A-game – This is a must. You need to bring out your A-game for the interview. Be well prepared. Don’t hesitate. And you will ace it.
A good mood – A good mood will give you a fresh start for the big day. And you will go into the interview with a confident persona. You also won’t be impatient or scared.
A convincing smile – As we know a smile is the key to fit in every where. Stride confidently into the room with your perfect smile. It gets the undivided attention of the hiring manager. A smile also makes the best first impression.
Last minute check ups – The above listed things and extras are enough. But you can also check out these small items necessary for unwanted circumstances. Here it is.

Silenced mobile phone – Bring you phone with you but it should be silenced and fully charged. You don’t want to have to be interrupted by a call.
Cash – Some cash should be helpful to bring in any case of emergency.
Research about the company – Do a thorough research about the company and the job you are applying to. Maybe about former employees and about the job requirements along with the rules inside the office.
Breath mints or floss – They will help you maintain a good oral hygiene during the interview and will make you feel clean.

What not to bring to an interview ?

A negative attitude – You don’t want to make a bad first impression. Your negative attitude might do just that. It might put you in a bad light and maybe cost your potential job.
Salary demands – Do not ask about your salary in the interview. It might seem greedy and of course unprofessional. At least not until you are sure of getting the job or the employer brings it up himself / herself.
A companion – Do not at any cost bring yourself a companion. Neither your parents or any guardian, nor any friends. Nobody is needed in the interview room. They might just give you a low confidence because of peer pressure.
Hats or caps – Any type of accessories are not advisable to wear to an interview. They might just be a distraction for the employer during the interview. And in some cases, physical appearance can be a hurdle in the way.
Strong perfume – Wearing strong perfume or cologne in a office might be risky as you never know, someone might have an allergy. It will just add to the distraction.
Food or drinks – You can certainly eat food before or after the interview. You can even celebrate after with some drinks too. But bringing food items inside the building might not be a good idea to impress the employer.
Untidy appearance – Wearing shabby or loose clothes is not a professional work attire. And certainly do not attend the interview with unclean and untidy hair. Again, physical appearance also plays a role in getting you a job.

So, these were the things you need to keep in mind while preparing for your big day. It is a special moment in anyone’s life and you sure don’t want to spoil it. At last we wish you All the Best and hope you come out with flying colors. You enter the room with confidence, and exit it with pride for yourself because you absolutely deserve it. It is important to be aware of what to bring to an interview but it is also necessary to know that what you say during it or the way you act in front of the employer, will have a bigger impact on your chances of getting the job.

Artificial Intelligence

The world has stepped into many engrossing horizons like self driving cars, smart assistants, social media monitoring, disease mapping, automated financial investing and many such persuasive developments. Have you ever wondered what is involved behind such innovative developments? It is certainly the Artificial intelligence. The hype for AI has been accelerated to a great extent to meet the demands of the contemporary world. The term refers to the simulation of human intelligence, induced in machines that are programmed to think and work like humans and pretend their actions as well. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits the traits associated with a human mind such as learning, problem solving, speech recognition, decisive making etc. It is a wide range of branch concerned with building smart machines making them capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. Building an AI system is a careful process of reverse-engineering human traits and capabilities in a machine, and using its computational prowess to surpass what we are capable of. AI requires a foundation of specialized hardware and software for writing and training machine learning algorithms.

There are three types Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Narrow Intelligence – Specializes in one area and solves one problem.
Artificial General Intelligence – Refers to a computer that is as smart as a human across the board.
Artificial Super Intelligence – An intellect that is much smarter than the best human brains in practically every field.

The Artificial Intelligence intend to aid human capabilities and help us make advanced decisions with far reaching consequences. It has the potential to help human lives significantly, devoid of hard labor and help manage the complex web of interconnected individuals, companies, states and nations to function in a better way. AI has seamlessly transitioned into our daily lives which we might have failed to notice from music recommendations, map directions, mobile banking to fraud prevention, AI has framed an advanced path. It has made it ways to many sectors from science to agriculture. It has its applications in various fields like retail, shopping and fashion, security and surveillance, sports activities etc. Here are some of the major sectors where AI are implemented for enhancement in the respective fields.

AI powered assistants – It is an application program that understands natural language voice commands and completes tasks for the user. Virtual shopping assistants and chatbots help improves the user experience while shopping online. The assistants have real time engagement with the customers. Amazon’s Alexa is a virtual assistant AI developed by Amazon capable of voice interactions setting alarms, providing weather , traffic, sports and other real time information and similarly so does the Apple’s Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana and so on.

AI in Robotics – Robots powered by AI are used for carrying goods in hospitals, factories and warehouses, cleaning offices and large equipment and inventory management where robots use real time updates to sense obstacles in its path and pre plan its journey instantly.

AI in Healthcare – It is used to build sophisticated machines that can detect diseases and identify cancer cells. It can help chronic conditions with lab and other medical data to ensure early diagnosis and used to identify trends or genetic information that would predispose someone to a particular disease.

AI in agriculture – AI aids in identifying defects and nutrient deficiencies in the soil and also detecting diseases in plants, pests and poor plant nutrition on farms. AI sensors can detect and target weeds and then decide which herbicides to be applied. This is done using computer vision, robotics, and machine learning.

AI in marketing – Using AI marketers can deliver highly targeted and personalized ads with the help of behavioral analysis, pattern recognition etc. It uses technologies to make automated decisions based on data collection, data analysis, and additional observations of audience or economic trends that may impact marketing efforts.

So the benefits of AI are widespread in various spheres. There is always a fine line between the advancements and destructions. There’s always two sides to a coin and so in the AI. There are some of the snags listed below.

High cost of implementation
If the super intelligence’s goals come to conflict with human values AI poses a risk of human extinction.
With human cognitive power we would be able to evolve with age and experience. But it becomes skeptical with the AI machines, it starts to wear and tear with time.
We cannot expect creative piece of work from AI’s. Creativity is limited to the persons who program and commands machines.
With the rapid development in the sector of AI, it may carry risks of unemployment.

COLLEGE LIFE-THE MEMORIES WHICH DOESN’T FADE AWAY

A college is a dreamland in a student’s academic career. College phase is the golden period for the youngsters and no one can forgot those memories till from the first day of the college to the last day we spent in the college. At initial days when we join in a college, we all feel so excited and curious by seeing our surroundings but at the same time we all have a small doubt or fear that how to mould our self in the new place where every thing is almost unknown to us. Most of us start our college life without having any idea about what we want to be in our future. We all have roughly four years where we have to play around with academics and extra curricular activities along with figuring out the passions in our life.

At the initial days we all think that college lecturers are too strict and we have to be careful with them but as the days pass away we came to know that even our lecturers also be friendly with us and they help us a lot in every moment of college life. The most important candidates in our college life is our friends with whom we do a lot of crazy things and the enjoyment with friends will be at next level in hostel rooms, Yes our hostel roommates will become a next family to us with whom we can share all our things.

The most excited and scary event that happens at the beginning of our college days is “FRESHER’S DAY” where we all see our seniors as like most dangerous people on the world and fear about the ragging but our thoughts will be changed totally when we talk with seniors in a friendly manner and also they are the one who will be as a back bone to all of us in entire our college days but sometimes whatever we think may turn into wrong also.

Whatever the situation may be, we always be ready to face that situation especially in the case of examinations. The preparation strategies will differ from person to person but once after completing our graduation we will definitely laugh by memorizing all those days. The most interesting part in college life is college fest, tours and interacting with diversified people which helps us to develop the spirit of unity, personality and brotherhood.

At last I can say that college life is the beautiful blend of joys and memories. On the whole, everyday that we spent in our college is loaded with some colourful events such as special breaks, bunks and sports. These charms will never fade away but in todays situation most of the students are unable to make such a great college life experiences due to COVID-19 pandemic. Let us all hope that the past days will come back again and we can happily make a lot memories getting together in our colleges.

Thappad And The Volume It Speaks

Thappad: Bas Itni si Baat? Is a Hindi Movie directed by Anubhav Sinha, starring Taapsee Pannu as the main lead, Amrita. Some other cast of the movie include Pavil Gulati as Vikram Sabharwal, Amrita’s husband, Tanvi Azmi as Sulekha Sbharwal: Amrita’s mother-in-law, Kumud Mishra and Ratna Pathak Shah as Amrita’s Father and Mother and many other artists.

The movie’s main plot revolves around the orthodox Indian belief that woman should bear the responsibility of protecting her marriage and for that sake bearing any form of injustice or violence that she is faced upon with, in a silent and obedient manner. Thappad movie subtly touches the hearts and minds of the audience as it conveys a strong moral message that is highly needed in today’s world. This makes the movie stand out from the regularly entertainment-based movies that are preferred by the present generation in great demands.

The movie starts off by showing the dedicated house-wife Amrita who puts forth the needs of her husband and his family before her own wishes. Her husband Vikram, who is a workaholic is seen to prioritize himself and his needs before Amrita’s and expects Amrita to do the same. The story takes a major turn when Vikram slaps Amrita in the party organized at home, in anger and frustration due to some promotional issues in his company.
After this, the movie rolls forward with the decision of Amrita to take some time off from Vikram and his family in order to sort out her overwhelming feelings that occur after the slap incident. Thereby Amrtita deciding to return to her own home.

This whole plot raises not only a question of ethics and moral rights but also gender inequality.
The female characters in the movie are trodden and looked down upon by their own husbands and in-laws, just for the reason that they are females, thereby highlighting the thinking of Indians towards female.

The movie shows how even when a woman faces inequality in her marriage, the society and her own family expects and teaches her to bear the inequality and domestic violence all for the sake of protecting her marriage. We see the mother-in-law making comments like, “log Kya kahenge” and “Aaurto ko thoda sehna siklhna chaqhiye.” Throughout the story when Amrita suffers from the dilemma after the slap, no one comes for her comfort and neither does anyone blame or tell Vikram that he is at fault. Again, highlighting the concept of Man to be always right no matter what he does in his marriage.

Amrita’s fight doesn’t start because of a single slap, but the story perfectly weaves the injustice that she has been bearing up and moving on all along. It’s just that it takes that one slap for Amrita to realise how she has been living all along in her marriage. How she had to kill her only wish in life, which was to have respect and be happy. She realises how after her marriage all she did was become a submissive housewife. Though Vikram plays the negative role, who even after slapping his wife thinks that it was just an act due to heat of the moment and does not feel sorry for his action, is still empathised towards the end as he finally realises his mistake. This portrays how parents play a major role in the upbringing of children, as they are the first teachers from whom they learn the right and wrong in life.
Another gruesome scene that wrecks the heart of the audience is when the female lawyer is being raped by her own husband. One who does not know the definition of rape might not consider this as rape, however the definition of Rape is having sex with another person forcefully and without the consent of the other person. This applies even in relationships and to married couples. The female lawyer clearly denies the husband’s approach to have sex with him, however she finally gives up her struggle to resist when her husband forces himself upon her. The outline drawn from here is how women are expected to please and be sex objects for their men. A disgusting conventional ideology that still pertains in India is how husbands have the right to do whatever they like with their wives even when the wives do not agree to it.

The movie satisfies to a great extent and conveys a very important message that how women should stand for their own happiness and respect even if it means going against the odds. It also talks about how the preaching’s of the society are not always right. Although I liked the movie on a whole, but I was a bit disappointed by the ending of the movie. According to me, it ended on a positive note, with Vikram realising his mistakes. This may make the audience lose faith in the concept of fighting for their rights because it’s not always going to be this easy for your significant other to realise his fault. Also, the ending in a way hints the possibility of Amrita and Vikram getting back together ion future which may not always happen in every case. Apart from this, I feel the movie was great and is a really nice movie to watch and teach the present generation.

TABLE ETTIQUES AND IT HAS A MEANING!!!!!

WHEN WE MOVE INTO A RESTAURANT WE FOCUS ON EATING DELICIOUS FOOD BUT WE DOESN’T KNOW ABOUT THE CUTLERY (i.e.FROK and KNIFE) PLACING AFTER MEAL HAS A MEANING.LETS SEE ABOUT THE CUTLERY PLACING STYLES AND ITS MEANING.

1)BREAK :

If you talking to someone or using a restroom you can keep like this . It makes the server to know that you are not finished eating.

2)NEXT PLATE :

If you finished your first meal and ready to eat the second meal or waiting for the second meal to come. You can keep your cutlery this way.

3) excellent:

This way of cutlery placing indicates that you liked and enjoyed the meal very much . It was a way to appreciate the cook and the waiter/server that they are doing great.

4) FINISHED:

Keeping the cutlery parallel to each other means that you are done eating.

5)DIDN’T LIKE:

Inserting knife inside the fork means that you didn’t like the food and the service was bad .

What You Can Learn from Anne Frank’s Diary

A 13-year-old girl who was introduced through her relatable chapter about teachers was how I remembered Anne Frank before reading her diary. I still remember her phrase, “Teachers are the most unpredictable creatures in this World” because it was the funniest and most truthful statement that I had ever come across in my grade-school life. But it wasn’t until recently, years later, when I decided to give a shot at reading the complete diary of Anne Frank. And let me tell me, it totally wowed me away.

Anne Frank was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1929. She was a Jew and her full name was Annelise Marie Frank. On her 13^th birthday, her father Otto Frank gifted her a diary as a birthday gift. However, this diary became a place of solace and the chronicles of German-Nazi events as recorded by Anne Frank when she went into hiding with her family from the German Nazi in ‘Secret Annexe’. (1942- 1944). She died in 1945 after her family was captured by the Nazis and later killed in Holocaust. Her father Otto Frank, who was the last survivor, discovered Anne’s diary and decided to publish it.

Anne’s diary carries her confessions, philosophies, and convictions. The beginning of her diary starts on a casual note as Anne confesses her emotions to her diary ‘Kitty. She talks about her social life, crushes, and school. However, these entries change once she goes into hiding with her family and admits her worries, faults, anxiety, and ideas that she faces in the ‘Secret Annex’. Her thoughts are profound and simple, exploring the tiniest details of life and her longing for the joys and sorrows of ordinary life.

When I first read her complete diary, there were many instances where I was shooked by her maturity and thoughtfulness, and there were moments where I sympathized, related, and longed for life with her. What was more intriguing for me was how the thoughts that I began to have when I was 18 were the thoughts that Anne had at the age of 13. Her keen observations about life and herself made me realize so many things that I was blind to before. There were instances where I found her childish side and there were instances where I saw the grown-up in her. At each stage she made me feel for her and her philosophies.

So here is a short compilation of her profound thoughts that I have picked for you. I hope you can learn and appreciate life and people the way Anne did, and maybe get a bit more curious about this girl and decide to grab her diary to explore more of her life and thoughts.

At such moments I don’t think about all the misery, but about the beauty that still remains. This is where Mother and I differ greatly. Her advice in the face of melancholy is: “Think about all the suffering in the world and be thankful you’re not part of it.” My advice is: “Go outside, to the country, enjoy the sun and all nature has to offer. Go outside and try to recapture the happiness within yourself; think of all the beauty in yourself and in everything around you and be happy.

We aren’t allowed to have any opinions. People can tell you to keep your mouth shut, but it doesn’t stop you from having your own opinion. Even if people are still very young, they shouldn’t be prevented from saying what they think.

How noble and good everyone could be if, every evening before falling asleep, they were to recall to their minds the events of the whole day and consider exactly what has been good and bad. Then without realizing it, you try to improve yourself at the start of each new day.

As long as this exists, this sunshine and this cloudless sky, and as long as I can enjoy it, how can I be sad?

I soothe my conscience now with the thought that it is better for hard words to be on paper than that Mummy should carry them in her heart.

Because paper has more patience than people.

Basics of C++ Programming

What is C++ ?

is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or “C with Classes”. The language has expanded significantly over time, and modern C++ now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers. C++ was designed with an orientation toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications,including desktop applications, video games, servers (e.g. e-commerce, web search, or databases), and performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone switches or space probes).

Tokens in C++

Identifiers: Identifiers are names given to different elements such as variables,arrays, structures, functions, classes, objects etc.It should not be keywords
Keywords: These are reserved words used for specific purpose in a program. Keywords have fixed meaning, and its meaning cannot be changed.
Constants:
Constants are like a variable, having fixed value . Their value never changes during execution of program once they are defined.
Strings: A sequence or a set of characters is known as a string.
Operators: C++ operator is a symbol that is used to perform mathematical or logical operations.

Keywords in C++

asm	continue	float	new	static	unsigned
auto	default	for	private	struct	using
bool	delete	friend	protected	switch	virtual
break	do	goto	public	template	void
case	double	if	register	this	volatile
catch	else	inline	return	throw	wchar_t
char	enum	int	short	try	while
class	extern	long	signed	typedef
const	export	namespace	sizeof	union

Datatypes in C++

Sr. No.	Data Type Category	Data Types
1	Built-in Data Types	char, wchar_t, int, long, float, double, long double
2	Derived Data Types	Array , Pointer
3	User-defined data types	Structure, Union, Class and Enumerated
4	Data Qualifiers / Modifiers	short, long , signed , unsigned

Operators in C++

Sr. No.	Type of operators	Operators
1	Arithmetic operators	+ – * / %
2	Unary operators	– ++ – –
3	Relational operators	< <= > >= == !=
4	Logical operators	! \|\| &&
5	Assignment operators	= += -= *= /= %=
6	Conditional operator	? :
7	Bitwise operators	\| Bitwise OR & Bitwise AND ^ Bitwise Ex-OR ~ 1’s complement << Shift Left >> Shift Right

Variables in C++

•Variables are the name of memory locations that are allocated by compilers, and
the allocation is done based on the data type used for declaring the variable.

Decision Making Statements in C++

if statement
if-else statement
Nested if-else statement
else-if ladder statement
switch statement

Looping Statements in C++

while statement
do-while Statement
for statement
Nested Loops

Control Statements in C++

break statement
continue statement

Structures in C++

•A set or a group of data items of different data types defined in a single
unit is known as a structure.
•A structure is a convenient tool for handling a group of logically related data items.
•A structure is a user defined data type
•Once the structure type has been defined, it is easy to create variables of that type
using declarations

C++ Compilers

MinGW / GCC
Borland C++
Dev C++
Embracadero
Clang
Visual C++
Intel C++
Code Block

TIPS TO STICK TO A HABIT

1. USE REINFORCEMENT

As humans, when we get rewarded we tend to repeat the same thing because we want rewards, but when we get failure or pain from something we tend not to perform it for the second time again.

The thing explained above is a universal truth, but hard habits do not reward us that early, it requires time and patience and also a lot of discipline and that’s why very few of us stick with those habits. So the solution here is using rewards for motivation and encouragement so you will repeat the behaviour.

2. NEVER MISS A WORK TWICE

Its normal to miss one day or taking a rest for one day because after all we human beings need rest and we love to rest than to do certain things continuously ,but we shouldn’t miss the work twice.

When you miss continuously for two three days a new habit or to be specific procrastination develops which is highly destructive and can make all efforts that you have put in worthless, so after having a rest day try to come back again quickly.

3. TRACK YOU HABIT

Tracking habit will give you inner peace and satisfaction. And most importantly you will get the much needed motivation to keep continuing the task.

4. REMEMBER WHY YOU STARTED.

We human being easily get diverted. Many times it becomes very difficult to keep us on track and to the habit.

In such cases we should try to imagine the end result of the work, or we should remember why we started that particular work. Make the subconscious mind aware about it. Whenever you get diverted immediately bring the end result in front of your eyes.

Jour de la Bastille (Bastille Day)

Jour de la Bastille, the national day of France is commonly known as Bastille Day in English. Every year on 14th July France celebrates her national day. On this day France celebrates the storming of the Bastille as a national holiday. Bastille was a military fortress and prison. The Bastille symbolized the tyranny of the French monarchy especially King Louis XVI.

France used to celebrate this day very enthusiastically but from 2020 this celebration holds back. As in 2020 for the first time since 1945, authorities have called off the annual military parade along the Champs-Elysees in Paris due to the Covid-19 outbreak. Only 2,000 soldiers – half the usual number were gathered at the Place de la Concorde. In 2020 French Macron tweeted “This July, we will pay tribute to those who have put all their strength, all their skills, all their humanity against the virus.”

This year, France celebrated her national day with a traditional national military parade but firework has been canceled due to the pandemic and concerns over the Delta variant. This year the theme of the parade is “Winning the Future” highlighting “the French’s will to overcome health crisis-related difficulties”. The occasion reveals the army’s anticipation role “thanks to high technology (…) able to prevent crisis and imagine fights from the future”. This year, French President Emmanuel Macron wishes to express “The [Nation’s] affection for the army” and pay tribute to the women and men “who chose to fight for France and shown a sense of commitment and availability like no other”.

Fall of Bastille

The Bastille was built in the 1300s during the Hundred Years’ War against the English. It was designed to protect the eastern entrance to the city of Paris. And later used as a French state prison and a place of detention for important persons during the 17th and 18th centuries by the reign of Louis XVI.

During the time of the American Revolution, America and France worked together. France helped America with the aim to end England’s power in the American colonies. A lot of money was spent in the war and consequences were paid by the people of France suffering from starvation, unemployment, and tensions in the country.

In 1789, there was an economic crisis and tensions in France, the people of France were frustrated and angry with the cruel behavior of kings and elites, and clergies. The Bastille was a symbol of the tyranny of king and queen. The revolutionaries, more than 1000 people most of them were craftsmen and store owners of the Paris marched towards the Bastille on 14th July 1789. They demanded that the military leader (governor de Launay) of Bastille surrender the prison and hand over the gunpowder but he refused and due to this crowd become angry. The revolutionaries managed to enter the courtyard and began to try and break into the main fortress. The soldiers started firing and the fight begins. But an interesting or turning point of this fight was when soldiers joined the side of the crowd. And the military leader surrendered the fort to the revolutionary. Governor de Launay was killed, some prisoners were released (only seven prisoners were inside) and Bastille was razed and mixed in the soil. The storming of Bastille led to a series of events that led to overthrew of King Louis XVI and the French Revolution. The people who took part in the storming of Bastilles were considered heroes during the revolution and took the title “Vainequeurs de la Bastille” meaning “winners of the Bastille”.

The date 14th July represents the unity of French people

The date of the fall of Bastille 14 July is celebrated today as the French National Day. In France, it is called the “The National Celebration” or The Fourteenth July”.

Java Applets (Inshort)

What is an Applet?

Applet is a small program which provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to user.Applet programs are executed with a special JDK tool- appletviewer. An applet is a Java program that runs in a Web browser. An applet can be a fully functional Java application because it has the entire Java API at its disposal.When a user views an HTML page that contains an applet, the code for the applet is downloaded to the user’s machine. A JVM is required to view an applet.

What is difference between Applet and Application?

Sr. No.	Application	Applet
1.	Applications are just like a Java programs that can be execute independently without using web browser.	Applets are small Java programs that are designed to be included with HTML web document. They require a Java-enabled web browser for execution.
2.	Application program requires a main function for its execution.	Applet does not require a main function for its execution.
3.	Java application programs have the full access to the local file system network.	Applets don’t have local disk and network access.
4.	Applications can access all kinds of resources available on the system.	Applets can only access the browser specific services. They don’t have access to the local system.
5.	Applications can executes the programs from the local system.	Applets cannot execute programs from the local machine.
6.	An application program is needed to perform some task directly for the user.	An applet program is needed to perform small tasks or the part of it.

Applet Life Cycle

Applet Methods Sequence

Conclusion

As it operates on the client side, it requires much less response time. Any browser that has JVM operating in it can operate it.

Teacher’s Day

Teachers’ Day 2020: In India, Teachers’ Day is celebrated annually on September 5 to mark the birthday of the country’s former President, scholar, philosopher and Bharat Ratna awardee, Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, who was born on this day in 1888.

The significance of this day is ever-evolving, including taking lessons from life and making your experiences the teachers you needed to shape you into who you become. For school students, the day also means getting roses, chocolates, gifts including handmade cards to profess their affection for their favourite teachers. For senior students, Teacher’s day is one of role reversal and celebration.

Who was Dr Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan

World Teachers’ Day is celebrated on October 5, but every country celebrates the day on different dates. In India, September 5 is marked as Teachers’ Day as it’s the birthday of a highly-respected teacher, philosopher and prolific statesman, Dr Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan. Dr Radhakrishnan said that “teachers should be the best minds in the country.”

The story behind Teachers’ Day goes that when Dr Radhakrishan took the office of the second President of India in 1962, his students approached him to seek permission to celebrate September 5 as a special day. Dr Radhakrishnan instead made a request of them to observe September 5 as Teachers’ Day, to recognise the contribution of teachers to the society.

Teacher’s Day is celebrated across schools, colleges, universities and educational institutions. Students put on performances, dances, and host elaborate shows for their most-loved teachers.

This year, owing to the Covid-19 pandemic, and schools being shut, the celebrations will be given a miss. However, virtual wishes and greetings are a perfect way to tell your teachers you remember them now and always will.

ISSAC NEWTON

Isaac Newton was a tiny man in real life. But he was a giant in the world of science.

Newton created the theory of gravity around 1665 or 1666. He came up with the idea that every physical object, whether it’s a person, an apple or a planet, exerts a force on other physical objects. A force is a push or pull in a certain direction. The bigger the body, the stronger the force. There are different types of forces, but this one is called gravitational.

Some say that Newton came up with his ideas about gravity after watching an apple fall. He wondered why the apple fell straight down. Why didn’t it fall sideways, or even up toward the sky?

Gravity does not just make apples fall from trees. It also holds us on the ground. Newton showed that gravity even makes the moon circle around Earth, and Earth around the sun, Martin Rees says. He was president of Britain’s Royal Society. The Royal Society is the United Kingdom’s national academy of science.

Newton Changes Science Forever

The theory of gravity was just one of Newton’s discoveries. He also loved calculus. This is a mathematical subject that studies rates. A rate is the measurement of how much something changes. Newton’s ideas in calculus are still used today.

Newton also studied optics, the science of light. He found out that white light is not just white. It is actually a mix of all the colors of the rainbow. Newton used his knowledge of light to make better telescopes.

Following his apple idea, Newton wrote three laws of motion. These laws changed all of science, and are still used by scientists today.

First Law of Motion: Inertia

An object that sits still will remain still unless a force is applied to it. An object that is moving will keep moving along a straight line unless an outside force is applied to it.

Second Law of Motion: Acceleration

An object will accelerate if force is applied to it.

Acceleration is the change of an object’s speed. The acceleration will happen in the same direction as the force.

This idea can also be written as force equals mass times acceleration, or F = ma.

Third Law of Motion: Action and Reaction

For every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction.

How to save yourself from Lightning

Rainy season is coming up .Everyone is happy about the chill climate but this beautiful season has negative sides too (Lightning ). Now, the effect of lightning is said to be increased than the previous years.so many people died due to lightning .News papers is flooded with the lightning strikes attacks on people. That’s the reason I choose this topic to aware the people .Hope it will help the people who is in need.

HOW TO SAVE YOURSELF FROM LIGHTNING IN OPEN AREA:

If you are caught outside with no safe shelter nearby, the following actions may reduce your risk:

Immediately get off elevated areas such as hills, mountain ridges, or peaks.
Never lie flat on the ground. Crouch down in a ball-like position with your head tucked and hands over your ears so that you are down low with minimal contact with the ground.
Never shelter under an isolated tree.
Never use a cliff or rocky overhang for shelter.
Immediately get out of and away from ponds, lakes, and other bodies of water.
Stay away from objects that conduct electricity (such as barbed wire fences, power lines, or windmills).
Stay away from concrete floors or walls. Lightning can travel through any metal wires or bars in concrete walls or flooring.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR INDOOR PEOPLE:

Being indoors does not automatically protect you from lightning. In fact, about one-third of lightning-strike injuries occur indoors.

Here are some tips to keep safe and reduce your risk of being struck by lightning while indoors.

Avoid contact with water during a thunderstorm. Do not bathe, shower, wash dishes, or have any other contact with water during a thunderstorm. Lightning can travel through plumbing.
Avoid using electronic equipment of all types. Lightning can travel through electrical systems and radio and television reception systems.
Avoid using corded phones. Corded phones are not safe to use during a thunderstorm. However, cordless or cellular phones are safe to use during a storm.
Avoid concrete floors and walls. Do not lie on concrete floors during a thunderstorm. Also, avoid leaning on concrete walls. Lightning can travel through any metal wires or bars in concrete walls or flooring.

Machine Learning Algorithms

According to Arthur Samuel (1959), Machine Learning is a field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.

Tom Mitchell (1998) Well-posed Learning Problem: A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.

Machine learning algorithms

Supervised learning
Unsupervised learning
Reinforcement learning

Supervised learning

It is machine learning task of at function that maps an input to on output based on example input-output pair. Basically Supervised learning is learning in which We teach or train the machine using data which is well labelled that means Some data is already tagged with correct answer. We pass data, train it and predict output.

Example 1 – House price prediction : In this data set can be given a which contain locality, size of house, age, no. of rooms, price at which it sell. In this are example locality, size of house are independent variables from which we can we predict house price. In this we can take prices of other houses to train our data. We take real prices map them and can predict price.

Example 2 – If we have different kinds of Fruits. To train the machine with all different Fruits one by one like shape of fruit, colour. Since machine has already learned from previous data this time it will classify fruit with its colour and shape and give output.

supervised learning allows collecting data and produce data output from previous experience.
It helps to solve various types of real world computation problems.

Unsupervised learning:

It is the training of machine using information that is neither classified nor labeled and allowing the algorithm to act on that without guidance. In this past data is pointless and we need to club similar data together. There is no way to measure similarity before we run the program. It is less accurate.

Example 1 – Google news : In google news, clustering where they use to club similar types of news together. They find some keywords, club similar news and show it on feed.

Example 2 – Feature selection : Assume that we want to predict how capable an applicant is of repaying a loan from the perspective of a bank now, we need to help the bank set up machine learning system so that each loan given to applicant who can repay the loan. So by gathering the Information about applicants average monthly income, debt credit & history we can predict this

Reinforcement learning

It means to establish & encourage a pattern of behavior. It is area of machine learning concerned with how software agent ought to take actions in an environment in order to maximize the notion of cumulative reward.

Example 1 – Chess game : In chess game there are different types of pieces which can move differently. The next move will depend om opponent move or your previous. It is trial and error and decision is dependent.

Example 2 – Web system configuration : there are so many parameters in web system and the process of tuning the parameters requires a skilled operator. This can be automated by using reinforcement machine learning technique to learn from different trial & error phases.

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What is C++ ?

Tokens in C++

Keywords in C++

Datatypes in C++

Operators in C++

Variables in C++

Decision Making Statements in C++

Looping Statements in C++

Control Statements in C++

Structures in C++

C++ Compilers

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What is an Applet?

What is difference between Applet and Application?

Applet Life Cycle

Applet Methods Sequence

Conclusion

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