Category: Learning

Unemployment in india

India as a nation is faced with massive problem of unemployment. Unemployment can be defined as a state of worklessness for a man fit and willing to work. It is a condition of involuntary and not voluntary idleness.

Some features of unemployment have been identified as follows:

1.Unemployment rates for women are higher than those for men.

2.The incidence of unemployment is much higher in urban areas than in rural areas.

3.The incidence of unemployment among the educated is much higher than the overall unemployment.

4.There is greater unemployment in agricultural sector than in industrial and other major sectors.

TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA

1.Open Unemployment: Open unemployment is a situation where in a large section of the labor force does not get a job that may yield them regular income. This type of unemployment can be seen and counted in terms of the number of unemployed persons. The labor force expands at a faster rate than the growth rate of economy.

Therefore all people do not get jobs.

2. Seasonal Unemployment: It is unemployment that occurs during certain seasons of the year. In some industries and occupations like agriculture, holiday resorts, ice factories etc., production activities take place only in some seasons. So they offer employment for only a certain period of time in a year. People engaged in such type of activities may remain unemployed during the off-season.

3. Cyclical Unemployment: It is caused by trade cycles at regular intervals. Generally capitalist economics are subject to trade cycles. The down swing in business activities results in unemployment. Cyclical unemployment is normally a shot-run phenomenon.

4. Educated Unemployment: Among the educated people, apart from open unemployment, many are underemployed because their qualification does not match the job. Facility education system, mass output, preference for white collar jobs, lack of employable skills and dwindling formal salaried

jobs are mainly responsible for unemployment among educated youths in India.

5. Structural Unemployment: This type of unemployment arises due to drastic changes in the economic structure of a country. These changes may affect either the supply of a factor or demand for a factor of production. Structural employment is a natural outcome of economic development and technological advancement and innovation that are taking place rapidly all over the world in every sphere.

6. Underemployment: It is a situation in which people employed contribute less than their capacity to production. In this type of unemployment people are not gainfully employed. They may be employed either on part-time basis, or undertake a job for which lesser qualification is required.

7. Casual Unemployment: When a person is employed on a day-to-day basis, casual unemployment may occur due to short-term contracts, shortage of raw materials, fall in demand, change of ownership etc.

8. Chronic Unemployment: If unemployment continues to be a long term feature of a country, it is called chronic unemployment. Rapid growth of population and inadequate level of economic development on account of vicious circle of poverty are the main causes for chronic unemployment.

9. Frictional Unemployment: Frictional unemployment is caused due to improper adjustment between supply of labor and demand for labor, lack of correct and timely information, seasonal nature of work, etc.

CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA

The important causes of unemployment in India are:

  1. Slow growth in the agricultural sector.
  2. Defective system of education.
  3. Absence of manpower planning.
  4. Inappropriate technology.
  5. Slow growth of industrial sector.
  6. Jobless growth.

How To Achieve Your Word Count Goal?

“The best word shakers were the ones who understood the true power of words. They were the ones who could climb the highest.”

  • Markus Zusak

A word count is the calculation of the total number of words required in an essay, article or maybe a story. Articles for instance, are assigned a word count of 1000 words. However, many a times, the word count isn’t mentioned. In such cases, its relevance diminishes since you have been provided the freedom to write as much as you please.

But, if you ask me, it is beneficial to set up a word count before starting to enter the world of authors! If you are a novice in the writing process and find the concept of length of your write-ups bemusing, then a word count comes in handy! Just as the deadline in any task makes us work effectively under pressure, the word count in writing makes us acquainted to the process, thereby improving our ability to write! After all, everything has a beginning!

Here, in this article, I will be guiding you towards achieving your word count goal effectively through a step by step approach.

  • Sanity Matters!

The First step is to eliminate any type of stress or laziness when setting up your writing atmosphere. Have a clear mind when writing, because a healthy mind blossoms more creative ideas than the one which isn’t.

  • Move To Pleasant Surroundings!

The Second step is moving to pleasant surroundings where writing seems a fun task. If the chirping birdies in the garden inspire you, then just reach out to them at the earliest possible convenience!

  • Get Your Medium Out!

The Third step is getting any medium of writing, be it a notebook and pen or a laptop out of that cupboard and decide to write. It is however, advisable to choose a laptop for the process, since Microsoft word helps keep track of your word count on the bottom left corner of the page. This makes it easier for you to begin.

  • Set Up Your Word Count!

The Fourth step is setting your word count. Make an apposite choice of the count depending on your strength to write!

  • Choose A Good Topic!

The Fifth step is pondering over the topic you would choose. Select a topic that would provide you a wide range of information to write on. This would automatically increase your word count.

  • A Random Topic is Hunky – Dory

The Sixth step is selecting a random topic of your choice and jotting down some words on it. In short, start with a short essay on any topic concerned while not forgetting to set up a word count of course!

  • Resolve The Word Count Increase!

The Seventh step is resolving to increase your word count day by day. Make it a habit to set your goal and implement it almost every time.

  • Write Regularly!

The Eighth step is vowing to write daily. When you decide to write regularly, your speed of typing or writing has a hike thus, making it easier for you to increase your count.

Go For Writing Prompts!

The Ninth step is resorting to writing prompts. Write anything, on almost any insensible issue as long as it helps you to develop your love for writing and increase your writing speed.

Approach Your Writing Coach For Assistance!

The Tenth step is optional. If you still encounter difficulties in setting your word count, then some help or guidance is always welcome. You may visit your nearest writing coach for the same!

Thus, I would conclude stating that your word count is deeply impacted by your attitude towards writing and your love for it. Make sure to remain dedicated towards your writing goals and resolve to develop its addiction! Yes! I know, it is a hyperbolic term to be used, but that’s actually the idea towards developing effective writing skills. If not addiction, then at least try allotting some time of the day for relevant, random topics that brush through your mind! If, while performing the daily chores, a bizarre topic is lurking in your head and just can’t wait to get itself out on the paper, then don’t procrastinate! Instantly, resolve to complete your significant tasks and get your laptop outta that cupboard. Don’t suppress your thoughts to the extent that they completely vanish from your head and you no longer remain with anything to write on. In short, writing needs to be a daily task, if gaining excellence in it, has been your deep rooted dream.

Also, choose correct and influential words as you develop experience in the writing field. Start making your write-ups mature enough. Don’t stick to the same insensible topics as you chose as a beginner. Increase your level of communication through write-ups thus, making them interesting. Start choosing relevant topics and not random ones. Make your write-ups golden so that it would lure more and more readers!

P.S. Don’t overdo or stress yourself for writing a piece regularly. Do it in sound mental and physical conditions.

Thank You For Reading!

Aggression

Aggression and violence are amongst the numerous issues our society is facing. Both of these terms are related and yet different from each other. Violence refers to behaviour which is forceful towards someone or something and may cause harm. Aggression refers to the behaviour towards someone or something which is intended to cause harm. The key difference between the two terms lies in the intent in which an act is done.
Aggression therefore is a more serious problem. It ranges from small actions like using harsh words, unnecessary criticism, having hostile feelings etc. to larger and more concerning actions like ragging, bullying, child abuse, murder etc. In some cases the act of aggression may be done to obtain something while in some other cases the aggressor does not wish to obtain anything from the victim. The former case is termed as instrumental aggression while the later is called hostile aggression.
There are several causes of aggressive behaviours. Some psychologists argue that aggression is an inborn tendency in humans just like it is in animals. It is a sort of defence mechanism. It gets triggered by physiological mechanisms. There are several factors that cause this arousal.
Childhood experiences also shape the tendency of aggression in individuals. It has been observed that those children who were brought up in a hostile environment like parents using physical punishment often tend to grow as aggressive individuals. It is not very clear why this happens though. Some say that children imitate their parents behaviours, others say that it is the anger and resentment they bottle up during childhood which comes out in the form of aggression.
Aggression is often caused by frustration. Frustration is marked by a sense of helplessness when we’re unable to achieve something. Aggression is in fact an expression of frustration. People in frustrated situations often show more aggression than others. This sort of aggression is often projected towards a weaker person who is less likely to retaliate. An example of this is bullying. However, it is not necessary that frustrated person is always aggressive. It largely depends on a person’s personality. Some people are inherently short tempered and show more aggression than others.
People mostly learn aggression by observing others displaying it. Some researchers say that exposing children to aggression shown on television or media causes them to learn aggressive behaviours. Sometimes people show aggression when unnecessarily provoked.

Aggression serves as a root cause for various social issues out there and therefore it needs to be curbed down. The most important step in ding so is preventing children to learn aggression. Aggressive behaviour of any form should be unappreciated amongst children. Using punishment as a tool for discipline should not be done. Portraying aggression as a heroic behaviour must be stopped as it make children model that behaviour. Television and media should be regulated for children. Another way is to reduce frustration. Having equality and justice is a key in doing so. Encouraging people to talk about their problems of frustration can significantly reduce the occurrence of aggression. Lastly, having a positive attitude toward peace and non violence should be taught to children.

FAMILY – LOVABLE BOND


The best gift God has given to all living beings on earth is a family. Getting a happy family is a blessing because not everyone in the world has it. The pleasure of living with your parents, fighting over petty with your siblings can just make you smile the moment you think about it.

My family has always supported me without any claim, from the moral teachings to love and support. For me, my family is like a strong pillar on which I can rely blindly whenever I need support. My family is always there to inspire and support me to overcome all life challenges and accomplish things. A relation is a unique kind of love that gives you all the lessons you need to live a healthy lifestyle.

My family is one of the world’s craziest families. We ‘re four members, my mother, my father, my younger brother, and me. While my dad is the one who works for a living, my mom is the boss of the house. My dad is a humble person. He doesn’t scold us. But, just the opposite, our mother. She needs us to remain vigilant, and she quite often scolds us.

I have a wonderful family, and I love every member of my family.
My family is made up of four members- father, mother, brother, and myself.
My dad is an engineer, and my mother, by profession, is a school teacher.
Every member of my family loves, respects, and cares for one another.
My family goes there once every two weeks for a picnic.
After dinner each night, we all like to spend time with each other.
My family has taught me strong lessons about our love, solidarity, and cooperation.
Why family is important?
Families are wealth, which not everyone is lucky enough to have. Sometimes, those who have don’t value this gift. Families are important because they assist in our development. They grow us all into a full-fledged human with individual identity. They always offer us a sense of comfort and a safe place to flourish within. We learn to socialize and develop our intellect through our families. Studies demonstrate that people who live with their families tend to be happier than those who live alone. In times of trouble, they serve as your pillar.

When the entire world questions you, families are the only ones who believe in you. Similarly, they ‘re the first to cheer you up when you’re down and out. Having a supportive family by your side is a great blessing. In ups and downs, my family has always been at my side. They taught me how to be a better human being. I will be grateful to my family forever for what they did to me. Without them, I can’t imagine my life. They are my first instructors and friends.

The atmosphere in my family
We have a peaceful environment at home. After school, we spent our time studying, playing and watching TV, which our mother certainly doesn’t like. Like other partners, my mum and father rarely fight. In reality, as soon as we see an argument coming up, one of them just withdraws, and a heated debate between them is just rare to see. That’s what I like most about them because I feel my parents are so sweet. It is just my brother and me who enjoy competing with each other.

However, we know that it is truly our love for one another that holds us together behind those battles. I just enjoy spending time at home with my parents and my brother. I feel like how bad it will be when we go on with our professional lives tomorrow, and we won’t be able to spend a lot of time together.

My family values
My family values are what I care so much about because they have made me what I am today, and I intend to pass on these great values in the future to my children. Every family has those things, acts, and values that they hold in high regard and so much appreciation

My Family Values include –
Loyalty
This is a strongly secured concept within my family. Since my childhood, my family has made me learn how to be honest and the benefits that lie inside

Kindness
My mom believes that if the world and everyone in it shows love and kindness to each other, there will be no hatred, and wars will be wiped out.

Education
This is a concept passed down in my family from generation to generation. My dad would say the best legacy you can give a child is education.

Appearance
I don’t want to be wrongly addressed and give the wrong impression. So, the way we dress and our appearance matters a lot to us.

Why do I love my family?
My father is the world’s best father. I am looking a lot at my father because I want to take a lot of his habits and make them mine. He taught me to be satisfied with everything that I have. My mum is the world’s greatest chef. Without my mum, I don’t know where I will be today. I owe her quite a deal.

My brother is one of the greatest presents that I’ve received. He is the last kid, so if you know what I mean, this gives him the potential to be irritating.

Conclusion
Each family has one thing or the other, which they hold in high regard and continue to pass from one generation to another. That is what makes a family a single group not because blood binds us but because we share the same beliefs. We always have one reason to love our family. I love my family because it’s the best gift I’ve ever been able to ask for and the fact they’ve been there for me through the good, bad, and fun times. They are a complete word for me. They are always to support me during my tough times.

3 habits that can change your life.

In today’s world, people don’t even have time to capitalize on themselves because of there hectic schedule and sometimes because of careless behaviour. There are few habits that if you follow with disciplines. Then you actually can change the world.

1) Physical fitness- in studies it is proven that a person who does physical activity is likely to have a better IQ or intelligence than a person who doesn’t do any physical activity and the reason behind it is when we any type of aerobic or cardio exercise our blood flow increases which leads to a lot of benefits like. Strengthens your vision, prevent you from various syndrome including cardiovascular diseases, provide glow on the face, upgrades quality of life.

2. Reading – reading is as important habit as doing physical activity. the first habit talks about training your body and this habit talk about training your mind. This habit is very important as far as our mental fitness or health is concerned. My suggestion is to read every day anything of your choice for eg. Right after doing physical activity in the morning start reading if you are reading a book give yourself a target of reading 10 to 15 pages every day or start your day by reading the newspaper it will not only increases your knowledge but also improve your communication skills and if you pursue this habit regularly it will help you a lot to grow. ‘A person who reads is the person who leads’

3. Writing- It is one of the most important habits towards your growth. Start writing everyday anything of your choice this will improve your non-verbal skills as wells as enhance your knowledge and also plays a vital role in your communication skills. I’m pressing a lot of pressure on communication skills because in today’s world if you want to accel in your life. communication is very important. Remember the power of expression is a core quality of a leader.

MENSTRUAL HYGIENE: A CHALLENGING DEVELOPMENT ISSUE


Menstruation is still now a social taboo in Indian Society.The major reasons behind menstruation still being a taboo in the Indian society are illiteracy, poverty and lack of awareness.

WHAT IS MENSTRUATIONS?
The blood coming out from vagina normally occurs as part of a woman’s monthly cycle called menstruation or periods. Every month, our body prepares for pregnancy. The uterus, or womb, sheds its lining in case of no pregnancy . The menstrual blood is partly blood and partly tissue from inside the uterus. We can say that periods are the onset of puberty in girls. During this time a girl goes through several physical and psychological changes in her body. It is associated with bleeding along with stomach ache , nausea as well as mood swings.
After the onset of puberty , it brings various rules, restrictions, isolation and changed expectations in the girls life by the society. These changes in attitude towards girls such as restrictions on their self expressions, schooling, mobility and freedom has far reaching consequences on the mindset of women.

MENSTRUATION- A TABOO
In the Indian society menstruation is still considered as a taboo. Till now, adolescent girls are not given proper information about menstruation. People create major hurdles in educating girls about menstrual hygiene.

Mothers also don’t talk with their daughters about this topic because they feel shy while expressing the terms. Another reason they don’t discuss this topic is because most of them lack scientific knowledge on puberty and menstruation.
Most of the people in India, especially the girls are illiterate. This is one of the reasons for which menstruation is still a relevant taboo in our Indian society. The other important reasons are poverty and lack of awareness about menstrual health and hygiene.
Very less number (less than 18 percent) of Indian women use sanitary pads.

TROUBLES SUFFERED BY THE WOMEN:
In many families women’s freedom is still in the hands of patriarchal discourse. With the evolution of these cultures, there has not been any significant change in people’s attitudes and mentality towards menstruation.

In some families menstruation is still denoted as an unclean or embarrassing thing. For them even mentioning menstruation in public or private places is embarrassing. Most girls feel embarrassed to go to a medical store to buy sanitary pads for them. There are also many girls who cannot afford to buy the Sanitary Napkins.

Most of the girls in financially unprivileged families drop out of school when they begin to menstruate. More than 77 percent of girls and women in India use an old cloth, which is often reused, ashes, newspapers, dried leaves and husk sand during periods.

During these periods women are not allowed to participate in day-to-day activities. They are not allowed to enter the house or carry in with their household chores. They are even restricted from entering the kitchens. They are restricted from entering the temple. They are not even allowed to any sacred places and also not allowed to perform any rituals. They are restricted from doing all these works because they think that a menstruating woman is impure and everything she touches turns impure or bad. They think after menstruation a woman must be purified before entering the house or other places.
While menstruating, a woman goes through several psychological trauma and mood swings . During this time they should be given proper care but instead they are treated poorly by the society.

SURVEYS:
According to the latest National Family and Health Survey 58 per cent of young Indian women (15-24 years) use a hygienic method of protection (mostly sanitary pads) which is a significant increase from the 12 percent using pads in 2010. This is a consequence of greater attention to menstrual hygiene management over the past few years in India. This not only prevails in the Indian society but is a global issue.
On a global level, at least 500 million women and girls lack adequate facilities for menstrual hygiene management. The lack in appropriate information on sanitation and hygiene facilities, especially in public places like schools, workplaces or health centres can pose a major obstacle to women and girls.

CONCLUSION:
To prevent this troubles faced by the menstruating women in our society, we must give them proper education about menstrual health and hygiene, provide financial support or distribute sanitary napkins to the unprivileged women so that they don’t have to suffer the ill fate. @track2traininginstitute @edunewsnetwork

Body Shaming- Too Fat Too Skinny

Body shaming is not just limited to making fun of someone just because they are fat or thin. It has wide scope for shaming someone for their height, body shape, any physical mark, physical features, muscularity or femininity, or any other external elements on the body such as tattoos.

What is Body Shaming?

Body shaming is the mocking of people based on their physical appearance. Fat-shaming might be the most common shaming that you must be knowing, but that’s not the end. Today, people are even mocked for their masculinity or femininity (even lack of it). Some physical features are stereotypically gender-associated. Some features like- broad shoulders, hairy body, facial hair, muscular body, and short hairs are associated with men, while features like- broad hips, prominent breast, long hairs, and smooth hair-free skin are associated with women. 

Sometimes these features, if visible in the opposite gender becomes the reason for bullying. A man having a prominent breast or a woman with small breasts are often bullied for their appearance and are put up with questions on masculinity and femininity. A woman with facial hair and a man without a beard (both of them are normal and naturally possible) are also mocked as they are expected to have the opposite. 

Movies and TV shows have contributed to a great extent in developing such a mindset of mocking someone or judging oneself by comparing self with others based on physical appearance. You must have seen, a ‘fat’ or a ‘bald’ character is always a subject of a joke and is bullied and called names. These visuals leave a psychological impact on the viewers and make it seem normal to bully someone for their appearance. 

Body shaming can take various forms;

  • Judging and commenting on someone’s physical appearance on their face.
  • Self-judging and comparison of one’s physical appearance with others.
  • Mocking on someone’s appearance without their knowledge.

Body shaming has increased with the increase in the use of social media. People tend to put up themselves much different way than they are in real life. People get flattered with other people’s posts and want to have such lives or look the way the other person looks in the posts. Also, the photo filters or filter apps available make them want to look “perfect”, without any flaws. These filters can make you look thinner if you are fat or vice-versa, make your skin look smooth and flawless, make you look tall if you are short, or the other way.

Bullying people traumatizes them and leaves them in self-doubt and immensely low self-esteem. Having acne or marks is all-natural, but the fear of your appearance not getting accepted by people makes it difficult to accept oneself the way you are. Every individual has their natural height, hair type, body shape, skin type, and skin colour. Sometimes few of the physical aspects evolve because of underlying disease or health issues. You never know what someone might be going through. 

Your physical appearance doesn’t define you. What makes you stand out is how your behavior and actions. Beauty is very distinctive for everyone. What might not be appealing to you might be liked by someone else. That’s why it’s said, “beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder”. There is no standard appearance to be socially accepted. It’s just made up of people around which has no significance. So, neither bully someone for their appearance nor stay quiet if you see anyone bully someone or you. If you see someone body shaming someone, take a stand. Stay positive and love yourself and everyone the way they are.

Stress

Stress is the response of an individual towards an event which is beyond his/her ability to cope. When faced with a challenging or threatening situation, an individual undergoes stress. Stress is not necessarily bad, in fact term eustress is used to describe the stress that is good for an individual. This is the least level of stress which actually helps a person to achieve peak performance and managing problems. If however, this stress starts growing inside, it causes body’s wear and tear. It is called distress and it is this stress that is unhealthy for an individual.
Stress is caused by external events. These events are called stressors. Some examples of stressors are: crowding, examination pressure, bad relationships etc.
Individuals responses towards a stressor varies from one another. It largely depends on perceived events and how they are interpreted. Past experiences often help in dealing with stress. If an individual has handled a similar stressful situation well in the past, he/she is more likely to do the same in the present. The opposite also stands true. An individual who beliefs that he/she is in control of the situation, often experience less stress than those who have no such sense of personal control. Self confidence is a key in overcoming stress.
When faced with stress, our body produce a stress reaction. It can be physical, emotional or behavioural or a mixture of all. The first reaction is usually the physiological one, wherein adrenal glands release hormones responsible for fight or flight response. During stress, a hormone named cortisol is also released in our body which provides energy. Emotional reactions may include negative feelings like fear, anger, anxiety or depression. Behavioural reactions however depend on individuals that whether they choose flight response (forget everything and run) or fight response (face everything and rise).
How an individual responds to a stressor aslo depends on the nature of stress. The intensity and complexity of a stressor as well as whether it is predictable or not influences the nature of response it induces. It has been observed that stress which is intense, prolonged, complex and unpredictable have a more negative effect on people in comparison to the stress which is less intense, short lived and predictable.
There are various types of stress. Physical stress relates to the stress that is related to our body. It is much easier to deal with than the psychological stress which generates in our minds. This psychological stress is very subjective and unique to the person experiencing it. It includes frustration and internal conflicts. Social pressure, life events and daily hassles or experience of traumatic events also contribute to psychological stress.
Stress has various adverse effects on an individual. Emotional effects like mood swings, anxiety, depression, increasing tension, decreasing confidence are very common. Physiological effects include increased heart rate, slow digestion, hypertension etc. People may even suffer from mental overload and loose their ability to make sound decisions. Poor concentration, disrupted sleep patterns, reduced work performance are some other effects of stress.

Way More to Go..!!

 “Don’t try to squeeze into a glass slipper. Instead, shatter the glass ceiling.”

Priyanka Chopra

PC..

Priyanka Chopra the name we all heard, An idol to us how did she managed to make such an impact to the people who knows her…well here are some of the fundamentals which she followed and everyone around her knows about and follows her: –

Below are the some of the motivating lessons which Priyanka Chopra taught us. Never try to settle for less for yourself unless it harms others.

Being confident and competed

Priyanka was never confident earlier. She believes in that no one is born confident it is what people need to develop within themselves, which will lead them to a long way. When she was on the stage for beauty pageants, she knew she was not confident, but she was competent. She did not let that come to her face. And when she won, she asked the judges there were more beautiful girls why choose me? They replied you were confident.

Explored more out of life

Suppose if the Priyanka we knows now as a actress, author, entrepreneur, and an idol was an aeronautical engineer; could it be possible for us to know her then? Wasn’t being an aeronautical engineer dream of her, then why did she choose this path in her carrier?

                      Though it was a dream of her to be an aeronautical engineer she tries to explore more in her life, she tried to get the more out of it, she believed in that there never is a point in life where you should stop yourself from gaining more knowledge.

Set high standards

She believed in that, no one’s opinion (societies opinion) is going to define your dreams. You must set a high standard for yourself and try to break even that high standard even higher. She believed everyone should fight for their dreams because no one else is going to do that for them. They are your dreams the standard which you sat try to achieve it and reach that high standard. Do not let others decide your opinion.

Hated failures

What is a success without failure but doing the same mistakes again and again she hated it she tried to not let the same mistake happen twice?

Various choices to be make

Throughout in our life’s we come to various situations where we have to make choices time to time to look for our priority but what if both the choices were an equal priority for you. She believes, in life at times you have to make a choice only but if the given both options are your priority choose them and work for it.

Never forget the roots

She believed in we all should never forget the root the place where we came from, all the happiness, hardship, sadness, sorrow which made us what we are today. Because that is what made us what we are today

“No one can tell you how much you can do. You have to set your own standards”

Priyanka Chopra

Music: what’s your thing?

Allegory of Music, by François Boucher, 1764

Music is the art of arranging sounds in time to produce a composition through the elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. It is one of the universal cultural aspects of all human societies. General definitions of music include common elements such as pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the “color” of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.

Okay! So in simple words music gives us a thrilling experience, it lowers down our stress and gives us a reliefable experience. Many of us might have different-different artists. Different types, different tastes, but I love all the types of music. Depending upon the mood but you know we all have a phase where we do need a motivational song, Which motivates us, which gives us a idea that where we are and where do we have to go. Sometimes we need a song which make us feel good after a breakthrough it might be when you fought with your best friend may be your partner may be your siblings your parents, from those who mean alot to you.

And there are a lot of types of music it may be:

1. EDMs.

2. Motivational songs.

3. Romantic songs.

4. A breakthrough song.

5. Rock music.

6. A whole mood song. Which gives you a thrill and makes your legs move. That song will let you dance. It happened with me I was once travelling in the metro and I was using my earbuds and suddenly that song came and I was like ‘yea it’s a whole vibe’.

And etc etc there are many types of songs but yes for sure it depends upon our mood

So my moto to write an article on this topic was that if you’re angry sit alone listen to music if you’re happy listen to the music if you can’t handle things listen to the music if you’re in a phase you can’t tell anyone please listen to the music. It just lower down the stress and music is the only thing you’ll listen to at that time this is my experience.

A poison called poverty

“Anyone who has struggled with poverty knows how extremely expensive it is to be poor” – James Baldwin
Poverty is a condition where people face actual shortage of resources required for living. Poverty is usually described in economics terms but in reality it is much more than that. It is not merely lack of necessities but it also extends to issues pertaining to deprivation, discrimination and social disadvantage. It can also relate to unequal distribution of wealth in a society.
‘The cycle of poverty’ as they say, explains why poverty continues amongst the same sections of society. Starting with lack of resources, poor people live a life poverty wherein they cannot get proper education. This leads to unemployment and further poverty. Thus it is evident that poverty begets poverty.
Poverty is often associated with deprivation. Here a person feels he/she is not getting what he/she deserves.
Poverty and deprivation have their own impacts on individuals. Poor people have low motivation and low aspirations. They believe in fate or luck and tend to have low self esteem. It’s not an individual way, but a belief system which is formed by their experiences in a life filled with poverty. This is called the ‘culture of poverty’ and it serves as both cause and effect of poverty. It convinces poor people that they will remain poor and this belief is carried over from one generation to the next.
Poverty and deprivation are also linked to social disadvantage. It is very true that certain sections of the society enjoy more privilege than others. As for poor people, they are not allowed to enjoy the same privileges as the rest of the society. Prolonged deprivation effects individuals espacially children. The environment in which a child grows significantly affects his/her development and it is reflected in their task performance. It has been observed that intellectual functioning and task performance of deprived people are lower than those of who are not deprived.

Social disadvantage and discrimination go hand in hand. Once you are a part of disadvantaged section, you are bound to face discrimination at some point of time. Discrimination refers to behaviours or practices that make distinction between rich and poor. Obviously the rich are favoured over poor and disadvantaged.
This discrimination is quite visible in matters of education, employment, social interaction etc. Even if children of poor people have skills and capabilities, they fail to pursue their dreams because they cannot avail the opportunities rest of the society can. Social disadvantage and discrimination together contribute towards preventing the poor people from improving their economic condition. It can be seen that discrimination is the cause and effect of poverty as well.
Some people say that poor people are themselves responsible for poverty and that they lack motivation or abilities to utilise the opportunities that they are given. This view however, is very negative and does not help in making them any better. The economic system is made in such a way that it doesn’t do any good to poor people either. It is therefore safe to say that poverty is like poison and once it enters the lives of the people, it continuously deteriorates them.

Race: today’s generation!

As I’m going to start this blog I would love to say everyone is perfect in their own personality, in their own perspective, in their own decisions. So it’s been a long time I had passed my school and now persuing my passion (not a course) ‘my passion’ so let me tell what is the main topic I’m talking about but firstly I’ll tell you a story which is real, so I was studying in 10th and one of my closest friend I can’t revel his name but his intrest was in painting and then he was confused that ‘bro what should I take as a stream in 11th’ so I told him what you love or in which you have your interest, but he said my father is telling me to take PCM (science, math) and he wants to take humanity but he was confused because his dad said if you’ll took humanity then there’s no future! And his dad told him take science-maths and then you cout prepare for IIT and he took science-math and just because he want to become a engineer and want to earn money! And he wasn’t happy as he wasn’t able to paint because of his studies and he wasn’t that good in studies so he was trying very hard but I said why I mean if you love to paint and you wanted to take humanity as your stream then did you took science and math just for the sake of money and even you don’t have intrest in science maths then why and he said because of my father. And this is my experience ladies and gentlemen he took science and maths he studied very hard and gave the exam for jee and he failed because he wasn’t having that intrest in PCM. And on the other hand he haven’t painted for more than a year and when he gave his exam and came back home he took his brush and painted and I’ll that art was one of the best of my friend as he hasn’t painted for a while which is more than a year but,

As i said ‘IF YOU HAVE INTREST IN A PARTICULAR FIELD, YOU’LL DEFINITELY WIN’ but if you don’t have intrest in that particular field you’ll definitely lose doesn’t matter who much you work upon it ‘HAVING INTREST IS THE TOP FACTOR’

For example, if you don’t love to cook and your mom said son just cook tonight’s dinner and you know how to cook but you hate it than Tonight’s dinner would be for the dustbin. I’m damn sure! I don’t love to paint and if you’ll say please make my sketch. Then I don’t know what I’ll make but after making that Sketch you’ll disown me I know.

But why you guys just want yurselves to put yur souls, your hard-work, your precious time and obviously money, in those things where you don’t have any Intrest in. My today’s generation just want to become a engineer, doctor, or a IAS.

Okay so, let’s take an assumption, if my friend was passed in that jee exam and he was selected in a college and becomes an engineer and was doing his job properly but what do you think he used to be happy and prosperous okay if you was at his place were you used to feel good and happy. Guys invest yourselves in those materials where you’re good at and where you’ll love your thing. Its not about that we should not listen to our parents but sometimes we should listen to ourselves too.

How Educational Psychology Help Children’s Learning?

Educational Psychology

Educational Psychology includes the investigation of how individuals master, including showing strategies, educational cycles, and individual contrasts in learning. The objective is to see how individuals learn and hold new data.

Educational Psychology draws from different fields like neuroscience and frequently includes government sanctioned testing to acquire data about youngsters’ mastering abilities.

This part of brain research includes not simply the learning cycle of youth and pre-adulthood yet incorporates the social, enthusiastic, and psychological cycles that are associated with learning all through the whole life.

Child Development

As your child grows, they go through reformist formative stages, from birth into adulthood. Natural, hereditary, and social variables would all be able to influence a youngster’s turn of events, and how rapidly they progress starting with one phase then onto the next. It’s hard for kids to clarify what they’re going through, considerably less to examine their sentiments. That is the place where kid brain science can help give you exceptionally significant and important data.

Everybody needs their children to have sound turn of events, yet it’s anything but in every case clear if a kid’s conduct is a manifestation of an ordinary stage being developed or an indication of an anomaly. Kid therapists and child psychologist can assist you with understanding the distinction. Understanding the ordinary and unusual mental examples of a youngster can assist guardians with seeing how to best impart and interface with their kid, instruct their kid methods for dealing with stress for overseeing feelings, and help their kid advance and flourish in each new formative stage.

Educational Psychology and Child development

At the point when you notice brain research the vast majority consider advising a treatment for intense subject matters, like uneasiness or sorrow… And keeping in mind that all clinicians have preparing here, our group has explicit postgraduate preparing in Educational and Developmental Psychology, which is a part of brain science zeroed in on learning and improvement.

Is educational psychology a hypothetical and applied branches at one of the parts of general brain research , which is characterized as the examination and comprehension of the standards of conduct of people in various instructive circumstances, where he is keen on investigations mental hypothesis and how to transform them right into it and commonsense strides in the instructive field bunch, ie the utilization of the laws and standards of brain science in the instructive angles, adjusted to the instructive climate wherein they identify with the viable childhood of positive and powerful, to raise the degree of capacities and capabilities, abilities and characters of the understudy bunch engaged with the cycle Altali Yeh.

Importance of educational psychology

  • The educational psychology profits by the encounters of analysts and their encounters in the field of schooling and training, to foster special hypotheses of learning and techniques, and to introduce the fundamental standards and laws for the use of these speculations.
  • So Educational Psychologists work with children to discover HOW they learn and measure data and search for approaches to improve their exhibition. What’s more, it’s difficult knowledge that influence learning results.
  • Intense subject matters, perspectives, inspiration, self-guideline, conduct and confidence all add to learning.
  • Educational clinicians acquire significant data by attempted individual appraisals with youngsters to decide what their hidden psychological cycles are meaning for their degrees of educational accomplishments.
  • It is imperative to comprehend the kid’s instructive history and whether the current concerns have been creating over the long haul. The foundation data is typically given by guardians finishing a poll, and preferably, from a survey finished by the youngster’s educator.
  • These appraisals may likewise uncover certain trouble spots like memory or passionate variables that influence learning, like uneasiness.
  • Educational Psychology offers systems and strategies that will assist the educator with understanding the understudy’s brain research and brain science through the advancement of instructive educational plans in the light of the understudies’ capacities and aptitudes so as not to over-burden them and to investigate the mental issues confronting the understudy at various age levels.

Conclusion

Alongside all the over, an educator should know about their conduct around youngsters and should be a good example for them. Kids gain so much from perception; they likewise will in general do it unwittingly. In this way now and again, it’s anything but important to really instruct the youngster but instead show them by doing it without anyone else’s help. This article concludes the importance of Educational Psychology on Children’s learning.

About the mid day meal scheme

The Mid Day Meal is the world’s largest school feeding programme reaching out to about 12 crore children in over 12.65 lakh schools/EGS centres across the country.
Mid Day Meal in schools has had a long history in India. In 1925, a Mid Day Meal Programme was introduced for disadvantaged children in Madras Municipal Corporation. By the mid 1980s three States viz. Gujarat, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and the UT of Pondicherry had universalized a cooked Mid Day Meal Programme with their own resources for children studying at the primary stage. By 1990-91 the number of States implementing the mid day meal programme with their own resources on a universal or a large scale had increased to twelve states.

  1. With a view to enhancing enrollment, retention and attendance and simultaneously improving nutritional levels among children, the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE) was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15th August 1995, initially in 2408 blocks in the country. By the year 1997-98 the NP-NSPE was introduced in all blocks of the country. It was further extended in 2002 to cover not only children in classes I -V of Government, Government aided and local body schools, but also children studying in EGS and AIE centres. Central Assistance under the scheme consisted of free supply of food grains @ 100 grams per child per school day, and subsidy for transportation of food grains up to a maximum of Rs 50 per quintal.
  2. In September 2004 the scheme was revised to provide cooked mid day meal with 300 calories and 8-12 grams of protein to all children studying in classes I – V in Government and aided schools and EGS/ AIE centres. In addition to free supply of food grains, the revised scheme provided Central Assistance for (a) Cooking cost @ Re 1 per child per school day, (b) Transport subsidy was raised from the earlier maximum of Rs 50 per quintal to Rs. 100 per quintal for special category states, and Rs 75 per quintal for other states, (c) Management, monitoring and evaluation costs @ 2% of the cost of foodgrains, transport subsidy and cooking assistance, (d) Provision of mid day meal during summer vacation in drought affected areas.
  3. In July 2006 the scheme was further revised to provide assistance for cooking cost at the rate of (a) Rs 1.80 per child/school day for States in the North Eastern Region, provided the NER States contribute Rs 0.20 per child/school day, and (b) Rs 1.50 per child/ school day for other States and UTs, provided that these States and UTs contribute Rs 0.50 per child/school day.
  4. In October 2007, the scheme has been further revised to cover children in upper primary (classes VI to VIII) initially in 3479 Educationally Backwards Blocks (EBBs). Around 1.7 crore upper primary children were included by this expansion of the scheme. From 2008-09 i.e w.e.f 1st April, 2008, the programme covers all children studying in Government, Local Body and Government-aided primary and upper primary schools and the EGS/AIE centres including Madarsa and Maqtabs supported under SSA of all areas across the country. The calorific value of a mid-day meal at upper primary stage has been fixed at a minimum of 700 calories and 20 grams of protein by providing 150 grams of food grains (rice/wheat) per child/school day.
    5.During the year 2009 the following changes have been made to improve the implementation of the scheme:-
    a) Food norms have been revised to ensure balanced and nutritious diet to children of upper primary group by increasing the quantity of pulses from 25 to 30 grams, vegetables from 65 to 75 grams and by decreasing the quantity of oil and fat from 10 grams to 7.5 grams.
    b) Cooking cost (excluding the labour and administrative charges) has been revised from Rs.1.68 to to Rs. 2.50 for primary and from Rs. 2.20 to Rs. 3.75 for upper primary children from 1.12.2009 to facilitate serving meal to eligible children in prescribed quantity and of good quality .The cooking cost for primary is Rs. 2.69 per child per day and Rs. 4.03 for upper primary children from 1.4.2010.The cooking cost will be revised by 7.5% from 1.4.2011.
    c) The honorarium for cooks and helpers was paid from the labour and other administrative charges of Rs.0.40 per child per day provided under the cooking cost. In many cases the honorarium was so little that it became very difficult to engage manpower for cooking the meal. A Separate component for Payment of honorarium @ Rs.1000 per month per cook- cum-helper was introduced from 1.12.2009.Honorarium at the above prescribed rate is being paid to cook-cum-helper. Following norms for engagement of cook-cum-helper have been made:
    (i) One cook- cum-helper for schools up to 25 students. (ii) Two cooks-cum-helpers for schools with 26 to 100 students . (iii) One additional cook-cum-helper for every addition of upto 100 students. More than 26 lakhs cook-cum-helper at present are engaged by the State/UTs during 2010-11 for preparation and serving of Mid Day Meal to Children in Elementary Classes.
    d) A common unit cost of construction of kitchen shed @ Rs.60,000 for the whole country was impractical and also inadequate .Now the cost of construction of kitchen-cum-store will be determined on the basis of plinth area norm and State Schedule of Rates. The Department of School Education and Literacy vide letter No.1-1/2009-Desk(MDM) dated 31.12.2009 had prescribed 20 sq.mt. plinth area for schools having upto 100 children. For every additional upto 100 children additional 4 sq.mt plinth area will be added. States/UTs have the flexibility to modify the Slab of 100 children depending upon the local condition.
    e) Due to difficult geographical terrain of the Special category States the transportation cost @ Rs.1.25 per quintal was not adequate to meet the actual cost of transportation of foodgrains from the FCI godowns to schools in these States. On the request of the North Eastern States the transportation assistance in the 11 Special Category States (Northern Eastern States, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand) have been made at par with the Public Distribution System (PDS) rates prevalent in these States with effect from 1.12.2009.
    f) The existing system of payment of cost of foodgrains to FCI from the Government of India is prone to delays and risk. Decentralization of payment of cost of foodgrains to the FCI at the district level from 1.4.2010 will allow officers at State and National levels to focus on detailed monitoring of the Scheme.
    8.41 cr Primary children and 3.36 cr Upper Primary children i.e a total of 11.77 cr children were estimated to be benefited from MDM Scheme during 2009-10. 11.04 Crore children were covered under MDM Scheme during 2009-10.
    During 2010-11 11.36 Cr children i.e 7.97 Cr. children in primary and 3.39 Cr. children in upper primary are expected to be covered in 12.63 lakhs institutions .
    Today, Mid day Meal scheme is serving primary and upper primary school children in entire country.

Peer pressure and teenagers

Q. What is a Peer Pressure?

Peer Pressure occurs when a peer group exerts direct or indirect pressure to do certain actions. If you’re with friends who are doing something that you typically would not do and they convince you to do what they are doing, that is an example of peer pressure.

Q. What are the effects of peer pressure?

The effects of peer pressure can manifest differently in each person. Peer pressure can play on certain strengths or challenges that an adolescent already faces. For example, a teen with low confidence and few close friends may be more susceptible to the effects of negative peer pressure, while a confident, extroverted teen may be more likely to give and receive positive peer pressure.

Negative peer pressure can encourage teenagers to participate in negative behaviors and habits, such as stealing, cheating, bullying and skipping class. Negative peer pressure can also decrease self-confidence and lead to poor academic performance, distancing from family members and friends, or an increase in depression and anxiety.

On the other hand peer pressure can have positive effects on teens as well. Positive effects of peer pressure can include pressure to become a leader of a school group, develop leadership qualities, excel academically, participate in extracurricular activities and volunteer for a good cause.

Q. What are the causes of peer pressure?

1. Fear of rejection: This fear of rejection is a powerful reason for pack behavior and the development of peer pressure. Many people in our society are also quite fearful of rejection and are therefore afraid to have their own opinion.

2.Weak personality: Peer pressure is quite effective on people who have not developed a stable personality yet. The weaker the personality, the easier it is for groups to influence individuals to behave in certain ways. Thus, the weaker the personality, the higher the chance that people get affected by peer pressure.

3.Bad parenting: Parents have a huge influence on the mental development of their children. If parents install self-esteem in their children from an early age on, chances are less vulnerable to peer pressure since they may have developed a strong enough character to value their own opinion more than the opinion of others.

4.Mental issues: Mental health issues may also make people vulnerable to peer pressure. If people suffer from mental issues, they may be easy to influence and those people may commit actions or crimes due to peer pressure which they otherwise wouldn’t have committed.

5.Hormonal reasons: Especially for teenagers, there might also be hormonal issues when it comes to peer pressure. The hormone system of teenagers is quite complex and hormone levels change frequently. Thus, this makes teenagers quite vulnerable to peer pressure since their hormones may weaken their ability to judge actions correctly.

Q. What are the solutions to deal with Peer Pressure?

1.Support children to find their passion: Powerful way to protect your kids from the negative effects of peer pressure is to support them in finding their passion.

2.Parents should observe changes in their kids behavior: In order to fight the negative effects of peer pressure, it is also crucial that parents observe their kids behavioral changes. Those changes may indicate that kids are affected by peer pressure.

3.Communicate with your children: It is important for

parents to encourage open communication and help their child prepare for situations of negative peer pressure.

4.Increase of tolerance in our society: It is also crucial that we increase the overall level of tolerance in our society. By doing so, the negative effects of peer pressure may be reduced since more groups of people may act more tolerant towards others and crime related to intolerance could be lowered to a certain extent.

Conclusion: Peer pressure is quite common in our society. Especially for teenagers, peer pressure can be significant danger since it is associated with several adverse consequences.

Therefore, parents should take a close look at how peer pressure may affect the behavior of their children in order to be able to take suitable measures in time if necessary.