Pollution

Pollution is a significant threat to our environment and is caused by the reckless attitude of man towards nature. Our Earth provides us with food and shelter, whereas we treat it mercilessly and plunder its resources. Pollution is a direct result of our greed. We dump waste into our water bodies without caring for the organisms living in them. The balance of various gases in the atmosphere has been disrupted because of the large number of vehicles plying on the road. Even factories that release harmful gases into the atmosphere contribute to air pollution. When we do excessive and uncontrolled farming on a piece of land, it loses its natural minerals. So, when we use fertilizers to boost their productivity, it pollutes the soil. Noise pollution is caused by factories, jets, airplanes, etc. It harms our ears and can impair hearing.

Pollution is a term which even kids are aware of these days. It has become so common that almost everyone acknowledges the fact that pollution is rising continuously. The term ‘pollution’ means the manifestation of any unsolicited foreign substance in something. When we talk about pollution on earth, we refer to the contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants. All this is mainly caused by human activities which harm the environment in ways more than one. Therefore, an urgent need has arisen to tackle this issue straightaway. That is to say, pollution is damaging our earth severely and we need to realize its effects and prevent this damage. In this essay on pollution, we will see what are the effects of pollution and how to reduce it.

Effects of Pollution

Pollution affects the quality of life more than one can imagine. It works in mysterious ways, sometimes which cannot be seen by the naked eye. However, it is very much present in the environment. For instance, you might not be able to see the natural gases present in the air, but they are still there. Similarly, the pollutants which are messing up the air and increasing the levels of carbon dioxide is very dangerous for humans. Increased level of carbon dioxide will lead to global warming.

Further, the water is polluted in the name of industrial development, religious practices and more will cause a shortage of drinking water. Without water, human life is not possible. Moreover, the way waste is dumped on the land eventually ends up in the soil and turns toxic. If land pollution keeps on happening at this rate, we won’t have fertile soil to grow our crops on. Therefore, serious measures must be taken to reduce pollution to the core.

Types of Pollution

How to Reduce Pollution?

After learning the harmful effects of pollution, one must get on the task of preventing or reducing pollution as soon as possible. To reduce air pollution, people should take public transport or carpool to reduce vehicular smoke. While it may be hard, avoiding firecrackers at festivals and celebrations can also cut down on air and noise pollution. Above all, we must adopt the habit of recycling. All the used plastic ends up in the oceans and land, which pollutes them.

So, remember to not dispose of them off after use, rather reuse them as long as you can. We must also encourage everyone to plant more trees which will absorb the harmful gases and make the air cleaner. When talking on a bigger level, the government must limit the usage of fertilizers to maintain the soil’s fertility. In addition, industries must be banned from dumping their waste into oceans and rivers, causing water pollution.

To sum it up, all types of pollution is hazardous and comes with grave consequences. Everyone must take a step towards change ranging from individuals to the industries. As tackling this problem calls for a joint effort, so we must join hands now. Moreover, the innocent lives of animals are being lost because of such human activities. So, all of us must take a stand and become a voice for the unheard in order to make this earth pollution-free.

Photo by Chris LeBoutillier on Pexels.com

OUMUAMUA

Well we all know a lot about space but what is Oumuamua?

Oumuamua was the first known interstellar object that was detected passing solar system. It was discovered by Robert Weryk using Pan-STARRS1 telescope at University of Hawaii’s on Oct. 19, 2017. It was discovered more or less 40 days after it passes its closest point to the sun on September 9.

It appears to be rocky, cigar shaped object with reddish hue. It is estimated to be about 1,300 to 2,600 feet. Originally it was classified as comet C/2017 U1, but later reclassified as asteroid A/2017 U1 due to the absence of a coma. Oumuamua varies in brightness by a factor of 10 as it spins on its axis every 7.3 hours and also has a light curve amplitude of 2.5 magnitudes. It has a radius of about 200 m. It is estimated to be 10 times as long as it was width. However ʻOumuamua’s planetary system of origin and the age of its excursion are unknown.

As soon as it grabbed attention two things in particular fixated scientists. The first was its acceleration away from sun which was hard to resonate with many ideas. The second one was its peculiar shape.

HOW IT GOT ITS NAME?

It was initially named 1I/2017 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), which was responsible for granting official names. But later Pan-STARRS team dubbed it to Oumuamua, which in Hawaiian means “a messenger from afar arriving first”. It is pronounced as oh MOO-uh MOO-uh.

TRAJECTORY:

Astronomers were able to record its data only for a short period of time even though its been in our solar system for over decade. Oumuamua wasn’t spotted for a long time because it was too far from the Sun to reflect enough light for astronomers to pick it up. Once it got close enough to the Sun, it was moving fast, remaining for very little time in the relatively small region where it was visible to modern-day telescopes. Oumuamua was again on its way out. “Our very last observations from Hubble were January 2nd of 2018 at fainter than magnitude 27”, says Meech “By May 3rd, it was again outside of Jupiter’s orbit. And once it gets beyond about 1.2 AU or so, it’s 25th magnitude, so beyond Jupiter’s orbit, forget it. It’s gone”, he added. According to Meech, Oumuamua is expected to reach the Kuiper belt in about 2024, and pass the edge of the Kuiper belt in late 2025. It will pass the most distant location the Voyagers have reached, she says, in about 2038. By 2196, it will again be 1,000 AU from the Sun, although our Oort Cloud is projected to extend beyond 100,000 AU, so when Oumuamua truly passes the “edge” of the solar system depends on where you define that edge. Regardless, since January, ‘Oumuamua has been beyond astronomer’s reach.

HAVE ALIEN FOUND US?

Some astronomers even suggested that ʻOumuamua could be a product of alien technology. However evidences are not too strong. Therefore the alien object hypothesis is considered unlikely by many experts.

Apart from this, Borisov is another interstellar object that was found August 30.

Some Healthy Vegetables

Everyone wants to live a healthy life & to live like that you have to know the ways for being healthy .Food takes a great role in this case .As you know vegetables are very nutritious & it keeps us healthy .Some vegetables have much nutrition value than other vegetables .Come & take a look at them .

1.SPINACH : Spinach is a greeny & leafy vegetable .It’s origin is Persia .

Scientific Name — Spinacia oleracea is its scientific name .

This vegetable is very nutritious & it often is eaten as salads or juice .It can be eaten in both ways, raw & cooked .

Nutrients — 100 gm of raw spinach contain 3.6 gm Carbohydrates ,2.9 gm Proteins ,2.2 gm Dietary Fibers ,0.4 gm sugars (as the form of Glucose & Fructose) ,0.4 gm Fat ,0.18 mg Vitamin B2 ,0.73 mg Vitamin B3 ,0.19 mg Vitamin B6 , 99 mg Calcium ,2.7 mg Iron ,79 mg Magnesium ,79 mg sodium , 558 mg potassium , 49 mg phosphorus . It also contains Folate ,Vitamin E ,vitamin K , Vitamin A ,Vitamin B1 ,Vitamin B2 ,Zinc , Manganese ,zeaxanthin, lutein etc. Spinach Also contains 91.4 mg water . It gives away 97 kilo joule energy .

Benefits — 1)It prevents ageing effect by preventing the free radicals from oxidation of our body cells . 2)The carotenoids in spinach improves our retina, that’s why it is good for our eye health . 3)Vitamin K which is present in spinach , helps in blood clotting . 4) The nitrates of spinach keep the marginal level of blood pressure and prevent heart diseases . 5)Some research shows that spinach also fights against cancer .

2.BELL PEPPER : It Is a very crunchy and tasty vegetable and full of Nutrition . It comes with various colours like green red yellow orange and also in purple .

Scientific Name — Capsicum annuum is its biological species name .

It Is eaten in a cooked manner but it also can be eaten raw in salad .

Nutrients — red ,yellow, green, purple, orange And other various colored bell peppers have the same nutrients .100 gram bell pepper have 6 gram carbohydrate , 42 grams sugar ,1 gram protein ,2.1 g Fibers , 0.3 gram fat ,0.05 mg Vitamin B1, 0.48 mg vitamin B3 , 80 mg Vitamin C , 0.2 mg Vitamin B6 , 10 mg calcium,10 mg magnesium , 20 mg phosphorus , Free mg zinc ,0.3 mg iron ,175 mg Potassium etc. It also contains some amounts of vitamin B2 , Folate , phosphorus , Vitamin K ,Vitamin B9 , vitamin E ,many antioxidants(zeaxanthin, lutein) .Yellow and Orange wallpaper contains carotenoids & many other nutrients . It contains 92% water .It gives us 84 kilo joule energy. Benefits — 1) zeaxanthin, lutein ,Vitamin A, Vitamin K , Vitamin C work as antioxidants for our body . 2) Bell peppers help to prevent anemia Due to the presence of Vitamin C & iron . 3) The continents of bell peppers are good for our eye health . 4)Bell peppers help in metabolism by raising up the body temperature and kick out the toxins from our body . 5)Bell peppers are also good for our respiratory system like lungs & other parts .

3.SEA WEEDS : Seaweeds are produced from algae (green algae or Chlorophyta ,Brown algae or Phaeophyceae ,Red algae or Rhodophyta etc) which are found in the sea . It is eaten cooked in salad & soup .Various types of seaweeds are available based on from which algae it is produced .

Nutrients — Seaweeds are a very good source of vitamins and minerals . It contains proteins, iron , and copper carbohydrate fibre in high amounts . It has very low calories . As for vitamins riboflavin , vitamin A ,Vitamin C ,vitamin E, vitamin K and many essential amino acids are present in Seaweeds .It also has many antioxidants . various seaweed units contain various amounts of nutrients ,carbohydrates ,fibers ,polyunsaturated fatty acids etc.

Benefits — 1) sea weeds are very good for our gut health . 2) It is a diet vegetable which helps to to lose weight . 3) It controls the blood sugar level in our blood . 4) It also helps to prevent heart diseases and protect our cardiovascular system . 5)Seaweed also has a very important role in our body’s thyroid function .

4.BRUSSELS SPROUTS : It is a green vegetable & it looks like a small ball of cabbage .

Scientific Name — Brassica oleracea is its species name .

It can’t be eaten raw .

Nutrients — 100 grams of brussel sprout contains 8.9 gram carbohydrate ,3.8 gm dietary fibers ,3.48 gram of protein , 0.1 mg of Vitamin B1, 0.7 mg of vitamin B3 , 0.3 mg of Vitamin B5 , 0.2 mg of Vitamin B6 , 85 mg of Vitamin C , 19 mg of choline , 42 mg calcium , 1 mg iron , 23 mg magnesium ,25 mg sodium ,389 mg potassium , 69 mg phosphorus 7 many other nutrients and antioxidants .It gives 179 KJ energy & contain 86 gm water .

Benefits — 1) Brussels sprouts fight against cancer & prevent it in our body . 2)It also helped by working on the reduction of inflammation in our body . 3) Brussel sprouts maintain the blood sugar level in our blood and it is good for diabetes patients . 4) It helps to lose weight so it is a very good diet vegetable . 5) Brussels sprouts are good for blood clotting to lose more blood .

Ethical Hacking and IT

Data Technology (IT) is one of the greatest and most mainstream businesses as far as building up a profession on the planet today. Industry 4.0 has invited various innovative headways because of which specific IT experts have discovered conspicuousness, in IT organizations as well as in different enterprises. Maybe, the most famous among them is a vocation in online protection.

More than 1 billion network safety experts are required to be sought after over the course of the following 2 years in this field, making it perhaps the most worthwhile profession ways on the planet today. Notwithstanding being a mammoth association, National Health Services couldn’t shield themselves from a huge scope hack. A main nourishment application, MyFitnessPal, likewise went through a monstrous security penetrate where the individual information of more than 150 million clients was taken. The recurrence of these assaults has expanded off-late, making network safety basic in each association.

Huge banks and gems stores regularly enlist proficient hoodlums to endeavor burglaries, to recognize provisos in their security frameworks. Through these preliminaries, these establishments can reliably redesign their security frameworks, to ultimately arrive at a phase of becoming invulnerable. Taking motivation from this interaction, the network protection space has likewise reversed the situation on hacking and made it a legitimized idea through moral hacking.

Moral hacking is a cycle through which experts are paid to hack into an association, to pinpoint weaknesses in the security framework that the association needs to fix. Ill-conceived programmers have likewise discovered lawful conspicuousness in the IT world today because of the developing significance of moral hacking as an idea.

Moral programmers are recruited and prepared to utilize a huge number of methods to attempt to penetrate various associations. They help in the identification of holes inside the security framework as well as during digital assaults.

Government associations wherein digital fighting holds extraordinary unmistakable quality, moral programmers are accustomed to balancing endeavors made by noxious programmers with the expectation of outmaneuvering them, and protecting the information. Another use of moral hacking is of supporting in the examination that follows a digital assault.

Law implementation offices frequently recruit moral programmers to follow the means of a programmer and distinguish the culprit.

Thinking about the incredibly specialized nature of the calling, a basic degree is for the most part insufficient to build up an effective vocation in the field a particular preparing is fundamental. Many driving IT organizations today offer affirmed courses in Ethical Hacking that involve the nuts and bolts of PC organizing as well as intricate methods and driving cycles for keeping up with digital protection.

Think inventively and out-of-the-box:

Aside from these specialized ideas, it is additionally fundamental for moral programmers to have the option to think imaginatively and out of the container. The explanation programmers are developing and can penetrate confounded security frameworks is that they are reliably attempting to concoct new ways and approaches for something very similar.

Another significant quality to have is critical thinking, as the expertise can be fortified after some time, and sharpened with experience and down to earth openness. In this manner, getting ready for a vocation in moral hacking needs to involve a decent blend of both, specialized and reasonable viewpoints.

Be that as it may, there is an exceptionally clear ability hole in the business today, and subsequently, an absence of qualified staff in the field. Attributable to the hole between the interest and supply of moral programmers, this vocation way has gotten very rewarding with monstrous extension later on.

An Adventure in a ‘FOREST’.

My father’s ancestral village of Rampur, on the left bank of the Ganga at the Himalayan foothills, has a long stretch of forest which has not been afflicted by deforestation yet. Without exception, my vacations here have always been very exciting.

One cold December, my kid brother went missing. My father was at his wit’s end trying to get someone to accompany him to the forest.The village elders were divided in their opinion on the course of action. My mother was too shocked to speak. He was last seen playing near the trees at the end of the field in front of our house. Then some local boys saw him disappearing further into the area which had denser growth. It had been more than an hour since he had vanished. Nobody could have imagined such audacity from an eight year old who had been strictly instructed not to go beyond the field.

Ten of us left for the forest at three in the afternoon. My mother was most unwilling to let me go. While I managed to convince my mother, some elders were not too happy with my presence, but nothing discouraged my optimistic father. As we kept walking into the denser zones of the forest, ominous visions began to cloud our imagination. Calling out my brother’s name loudly had been futile.

The silence of the forest was punctuated by the shrill notes of various insects and distant growls. The approaching darkness was waking them up. Though we had both fire and torches along with guns, the village elders were becoming sceptical about proceeding further without more help. My father, though nervous by this time, refused to give up.

We had reached a small stream. Suddenly one of the elders asked us to stand still. The approaching dusk forced us to follow his example, and we witnessed a herd of elephants crossing the stream. The leader, to our horror, suddenly stopped and raised his trunk in the air, trying to locate us, I presumed! My father was sweating. Mahato, the shooter, was getting his gun into position almost without any obvious movement. For a moment I thought the leader of the herd was staring at me, but thankfully, they moved on and we heaved a sigh of relief.

Suddenly the shrill cry of a child pierced our ears along with the growl of some wild beast. Fearing the obvious fatal end, we rushed towards that direction. In about seven minutes, we reached an open area to find Ratan standing at a distance of barely five feet from a tigress. Handsomely built, the sinewy and powerful beast seemed to be more interested in sniffing my brother. My brother was speechless and was not even aware of our presence behind him. Before Mahato could get ready, the tigress, aware of and disturbed by our presence, snarled and disappeared into the deep forest.

My father rushed towards Ratan, who fainted at his mere touch. The tigress, perhaps a mother, had spared my brother. I hope, we men too, spare the tigresses.

So, this is my Adventurous experience in forest. Because you know what , Forests are essential for life on Earth. Three hundred million people worldwide live in forests and 1.6 billion depend directly on them for their livelihoods. Forests also provide habitat for a vast array of plants and animals, many of which are still undiscovered. They inspire wonder and provide places for recreation. They supply the oxygen we need to survive. They provide the timber for products we use every day.

Photo taken in Rockerville, United States

Forest conservation act:
Forests are an important resource that nature can bestow upon mankind. Therefore, it is the duty of every citizen to preserve the ecosystems of forests. But due to rapid deforestation, the cycle of nature is itself being disrupted. Therefore, the need to bring about a law to ensure the preservation of forest was needed.

One of the first legal drafts to protect forest tracts was the Indian Forest Act, 1865 replaced by a 1927 version of the same act. However, it was more geared towards protecting the commercial interests of the British Empire in India.

The act gave authority to the British to restrict tribal activities by levying taxes on timber and forest services. In other words, it mainly regulated the cutting of timber and flow of raw materials rather than protecting forests.

Upon independence, the President of India enforced the Forest (Conservation) Ordinance in 1980 which was later repealed by virtue of Section 5 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. Under the 1980 Act, the restriction was made on the use of the forests for non-forest purposes.

Why India’s gaming industry is on the rise ?

-India’s soaring gaming industry is valued at $930 million, and is number one in the world.
-India has over 560 million internet users, making it the second-largest internet consumer.
-Investors can expect a 10-year growth outlook with a $3.8 billion valuation by 2024.
-The first nine months of 2020 saw India rise to the number one spot in mobile game downloads worldwide, clocking 7.3 billion installs and raking in a 17% market share of the installs volume, as per SensorTower’s data.

Over 50% of India’s population is below the age of 25, and 60% of the nation’s gamers are under 25 years of age too. The gaming userbase surpassed 365 million in March 2020 as per KPMG’s media and entertainment report.

Mobiles staging the games

Mobile users form an overwhelming 85% of the industry, followed by PC users at 11% and tablet users at 4%. Internet penetration is 30%. Inc42 determined that the revenue of major Indian gaming and eSports companies was $68 million in 2019.

Mobile gaming takes the largest chunk of the gaming market thanks to access to affordable smartphones growing at 15% year-on-year for the past five years in India, high-speed 4G internet penetration and the world’s lowest data tariffs. Together with the rise of mobile games, these factors feed into India’s youth having a growing appetite for content.

At its peak, PUBG Mobile had an estimated 34 million Indians playing daily. Indians alone were responsible for downloading the battle royale genre title a whopping 175 million times.

A greater willingness to pay for services comes from improved disposable incomes at purchasing power parity (25% over 2016 levels) and wider adoption of digital payments as per Deloitte’s Telecom, Media and Telecommunications Predications report.

How COVID-19 turned us away from TV

The COVID-19 pandemic saw a shift in media and entertainment consumption trends, with KPMG estimating a 20% contraction in 2020 in typical segments such as film, TV and print. In contrast, they foresee rapid change to gaming and digital media consumption, projecting global growth bouncing up to 33% to reach $25.4 billion in 2021.

This is lent credence by gaming platforms such as Google Play and Apple App Storerecording 50% increases in engagement during lockdown. BARC & Nielsen report that Indians now spend 218 minutes gaming versus 151 minutes before lockdown.

Investors including Sequoia Capital and Kalaari Capital have already increased their investments by 78% during 2020 to $173 million, as per Tracxn Technologies data. There are now over 400 gaming companies in India, as reported by Maple Capital Advisors.

The surge in gaming comes from a growing need for virtual entertainment with friends, family and peer groups, coupled with the rise in influencers encouraging Indians to play more games. With digital consumption becoming mainstream, the demand for more diverse content has also grown.

Portable games fill in as virtual social spaces satisfying purchasers’ necessities to interface in testing times. Gaming cuts across geologies and penetrates both level one and two urban areas, and metropolitan and rustic regions the same.

An Inc42 report on the eSports scene found that eSports in India represents 4% of the country’s userbase and shaped simply more than 9% of industry income before the pandemic. This area is required to develop 36% year-on-year in the following three years, with extended income of $95 for 2020. The Indian eSports crowd for serious gaming competitions previously arrived at 17 million out of 2020 versus 6 million out of 2017.

Newzoo predicts that IP-holders looking to carry their establishments to new mediums will pick versatile gaming as the favored stage in view of lower advancement costs and more limited time spans. The most mainstream gaming sorts are the hypercasual and easygoing classifications which incorporates well known games like Hunter Assassin, Talking Tom and Carrom Pool, separately.

Designers should keep on making versatile first encounters, however guzzle new points of view that are more comprehensive towards female crowds.

How publicizing is adjusting

Publicists can successfully target crowds who as of now mess around with credible brand informing. Gaming partners share comparable segment and conduct profiles.

Newzoo tracked down that 80% of Indians burn-through food or beverages consistently while messing around. This data is basic to FMCG brands in fostering their promoting methodology. Brands can use these channels to assemble trust and commitment with possible clients.

The Indian gaming industry has developed almost 60% throughout the most recent three years, and the area gives no indications of easing back. In the long haul, it might can possibly surpass Indian film industry incomes, which are by and by more than twofold that of the gaming business. The normal buyer is esteem cognizant and value touchy, and the item methodologies and adaptation models mirror this.

Most income in gaming is created from promoting, and a more modest extent comes from client in-application buys. Up until this point, the plan of action has been unequivocally allowed to-play and is the norm in versatile gaming, a low-section obstruction for would-be gamers.

This is changing; according to the white paper, Understanding Value in Media: Perspectives from Consumers and Industry, connected with gamers are bound to be down help membership endorsers than different media and amusement purchasers. This is not normal for the conduct of connected video, music and sports buyers.

Guideline and ability especially on the public authority’s radar

As gaming develops, the Indian government is relied upon to assume a more dynamic part in working with and directing the business.

As of late, Indian executive Narendra Modi required the improvement of content advancing native Indian culture. Controllers are now observing organization information protection arrangements, for example, stockpiling and the transmission of information having a place with Indian clients.

Then, at that point there’s the expanding dream sports section, which presently despises autonomous legitimate acknowledgment, despite the fact that it rounded up $338 million in the last monetary year. The public authority’s arranging think tank, Niti Aayog, distributed its first draft rules proposed for the lead and guideline of imagination sports, however noticed that the portion could draw in FDI inflows of $1 billion in the coming not many years.

The Indian government is likewise expected to set up industry and the scholarly world interfaces to cultivate new profession ways in gaming and to develop an impressive ability pool in the area.

Space Travel – Worth It??

With the rapid increase in technology and science, we are just inch away from low earth orbit tourism. In the matter of few years we will be able to tour not the whole world but the space too. People will have the opportunity to see the beautiful curvature of Earth. SpaceX, Axiom space and Boeing , are some of the projects , that are focusing on making space tourism possible in early 2022. All these developments seems so surreal and out of fantasy. Who would not like to see the Earth from up above??

Billionaires Jeff Bezos and Richard Branson has already successfully toured the space in their own built spacecraft,this year. With this, they have created the history in the era of space travel. Richard Branson’s company Virgin Galactic is also offering tourism tickets and so far 600 tickets have been sold. The list of people flying next year includes big celebrities like Tom Hunks, Leonardo DiCaprio, Justin Bieber and Lady Gaga.It is worth to know that the cost to travel is around $250000. Thus , only 0.1% of the richest shall have the privilege to travel.

Idea of travelling space is very fascinating but the cost ( not just the price) is equally disturbing. The amount of environmental damage ot will do is unfathomable.The amount of heat generates while launching these rockets is so large that it creates a pool of ozone layer on ground, which is dangerously harmful for every living being. Virgin Galactic spacecraft produces 12kg of CO2 each mile which is 60 times greater than normal flight, also the Nitrous Oxide released from these rockets are depleting the Ozone layer in atmosphere.While only the richest will be able to afford space tourism, the rest will have to bear its negative effects. So is it worth it??

After his space tour, Jeff Bezos said, “You can’t imagine how thin the atmosphere is when you see it from above”, this is very ironic. He also hinted on moving all the polluting industries into space. All these ideas are fantastic and appreciable but it is also true that execution of such ideas will take more than 10 to 20 years and by then space tourism will be on full swing.

Many climate activists are criticizing these three billionaire ( Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Richard Branson ) for their space race. Every climate activists are working so hard to reduce pollution and in this scenario inclusion of space tourism seems not so good idea for them.

Psychological Disorders Part 8

Introduction

In Psychological Disorders Part 7, Depressive and Substance-Related disorders were discussed. They are both very serious disorders that need immediate help. Both can be dealt with by consulting a psychologist and taking the proper medication needed. This article will discuss Neurocognitive and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders.

Neurocognitive Disorders

These disorders are accompanied by deficits in cognitive functioning. These are different from the disorders of impaired cognition present at birth.

Delirium is a serious disorder concerning disturbance in mental abilities that results in confused thinking and reduced awareness of the surrounding environment. Delirium is usually very rapid; it starts within hours or a few days. It usually arises because of contributing factors such as a chronic illness, changes in metabolic balance, medication, infection, surgery, or intoxication. It is important to note that delirium and dementia look very similar but are different. Symptoms for reduced awareness of the environment are the inability to stay focused or continuously switching topics, getting easily distracted by useless things, getting stuck on one idea, and being withdrawn. Symptoms for poor thinking skills are disorientation, poor memory, difficulty in speaking or recalling words, trouble understanding speech, rambling, and difficulty in reading or writing. Some of the behavioural changes are hallucinations, calling out or moaning, lethargy, disturbed sleep habits, agitation, being withdrawn, and reversal of the night-day cycle. Some of the emotional disturbances experienced are depression, euphoria, apathy, anxiety, paranoia, anger, unpredictable moods, and personality changes.

Neurocognitive Disorders used to be known as Organic brain syndrome. It is a group of conditions that leads to impaired mental function. These disorders usually occur in older people but that does not mean they cannot affect young adults. It includes problems with memory, changes in behaviour, trouble performing daily activities, and difficulty understanding language. These symptoms may be caused because of a neurodegenerative condition like Alzheimer’s disease or dementia. Neurodegenerative diseases result in the brain and nerves deteriorating over time which then causes loss of neurological function. Neurocognitive disorders can be a result of brain trauma or substance abuse. Symptoms for this are memory loss, confusion, anxiety, headaches, inability to focus, short-term memory loss, trouble performing normal tasks, changes in vision, and difficulty in walking and balancing. Some of the neurodegenerative diseases that cause this disorder are Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, prion disease, dementia, and multiple sclerosis.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

This is a category of psychiatric condition that includes obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body-dysmorphic disorder, hoarding disorder, trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), excoriation disorder (skin picking), substance-induced OCD, and OCD because of a medical condition.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a pattern of unwanted fear (obsessions) which leads to doing repetitive behaviours (compulsions). This starts interfering in the daily activities. When a person tries to ignore the obsessions, the anxiety keeps increasing hence making the urge to do the compulsions stronger, and this is how the cycle of OCD is created. Obsessions usually have a theme such as fear of contamination, having difficulty tolerating uncertainty, needing things to be symmetrical, having horrific thoughts about losing control, and unwanted thoughts on religion or sexual subjects. Symptoms of obsession are fear of touching people because of contamination, doubts whether you have locked the door or turned off the stove, images of driving into a crowd of people, unpleasant sexual images, excessive stress when objects are not placed orderly, thoughts about acting inappropriately in public and avoiding situations that might trigger obsessions. Symptoms of compulsion are washing hands till the skin becomes raw, checking doors repeatedly, checking the stove repeatedly, counting in a pattern, silently repeating a word or phrase, and arranging things in a particular order.

Conclusion

Neurocognitive disorders remain chronic but they can be controlled and monitored by medication and therapy. There is no exact way to prevent OCD but it can be treated by consulting a psychologist and learning how to deal with the fears that lead to the compulsions.

References

Note: this is just Part 8 of the Psychological Disorders series.

Control of Air pollution

National air quality monitoring programme

Central pollution control board is executing a nationwide program of ambient air quality monitoring known as National air quality monitoring programme.
National Ambient Air Quality standards prescribed specific standards for residential, ruler, Industrialand other sensitive areas.
N. A. M. P, four air pollutants – Sulphur Dioxide, oxides of Nitrogen, suspended particulate matter and respirable suspended particulate matter (pm10) have been identified for regular monitoring at all the locations.
Network consists of 683 operating stations covering 300 cities and town in 28 states and 9 union territories of country.
Annual average- Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hour at uniform interval.
The level of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to protect the public health vegetation and its property.

Air quality index

Air quality index is tool for effective dissemination of air quality information to people.
There are six categories namely – good, satisfactory, moderately, polluted, poor, very poor and severe.
The propose 82 I will consider 8 pollutants PM 10, PM 2.5 NO2, SO2 Co, O3, NH3 and Pb.

Control of air pollution

Control measures
1. Technological
2. Legal
3. Economic

Technological approach

Adapting Lifestyle that uses less energy and pollutes less or using energy sources that produce less amount of pollutant as by-product.
Remove pollutant generating stuff from energy sources
- example- Remove sulphur from coal before burning it.
Reduce the energy used without changing the way of life
- Use more energy efficient car and replace existing bulb with CFL bulb and LED bulb.
Check the generation of pollutant their burned
- Catalytic converter, electrostatic precipitator, scrubber, Bag house collection of particulate emission, cyclone separator etc.
- Encouraging mass transportation.

Legal approach

After Stockholm conference, 1972 the Government of India under article 253 of the Constitution of India in enacted the Air Act, 1981 for the prevention control and abatement of air pollution.
To empower the central and state pollution control board. Air Amendment Act, 1987( for prevention and control of pollution) was enacted but this was not strong enough to play precautionary role.
After Bhopal disaster of Environment protection Act was passed in 1986 this act has punitive power to restrict any activity that would harm the environment.
To regulate vehicles pollution, the central motor vehicle act of 1939 was amended in 1989.
As per the current requirement all the transport vehicles must carry a fitness certificate which is to be renewed each year after the first two year of new vehicle registration.
National fuel policy announced on October 6, 2003 , a phased program for implementing the emission standards in India by 2010.

Economic approach

Cost consideration of air pollution involves 2 factor:-
1. Cost of controlling the air pollution
2. Cost of not controlling the air pollution
Determination of cost of first in straight forward but that of second is difficult and can be subjective to some extent.
Direct air pollution control in India
- Fuel wood and Biomass burning
- Transport

Control

Using low sulphur coal.
Use Proper air pollution control devices in industry
Individual efforts to control air pollution
- Inform to Road Transport office and PCB about the vehicle polluting the environment
- Regular engine tune up replacement of old more polluting vehicles
- Shifting to less polluting fuels
- Using mass transportation
- Do not use CFC containing sprays for freshners that deplete the ozone layer.
- Planting more trees
- Say no to fire crackers in Diwali and other occasions.

POCO F3-GT LAUNCHED IN INDIA, TARGETING GAMING COMMUNITY.

Poco F3 GT was launched today in India. It is part of the company’s most-popular F-series of smartphones. This device is a re-branded Redmi K40 Gaming Edition device launched in China in this year.

Specifications

POCO F3-GT, is powered by the SoC, MediaTek’s flagship chipset- Dimensity 1200. This phone features a 5065 mAh battery. This phone have a 6.67-inch Turbo AMOLED screen with 120Hz reality flow refresh rate and 480Hz touch sampling rate.

It comes with Game Turbo mode and is equipped with GT Wi-Fi gaming antenna and three separate mics. This smartphone boasts of features like GT switches, Maglev triggers and tactical RGB light on the rear side making it suitable for gamers.

This phone is built with aircraft-grade aluminium and comes with dual speakers providing Dolby Atmos sound. It comes with a triple-lens camera including a 64-MP main camera (f/1.65 aperture), 8-MP ultra-wide sensor, and 2-MP macro lens. This phone sports a 16-MP selfie camera.

POCO F3-GT comes out of box with an IP53 rating that prevents it from dust and splashes.

This phone comes with LPDDR4X RAM and UFS 3.1 storage. On the OS front,this device comes out of box with Android 11 and MIUI 12.5.

It comes bundled with a 67W fast charger and a USB type-C, L-shaped cable to use even when it’s charging. company claims that the charger can provide a 1-day battery life in 15 minutes of charge.

Mad Reverse pricing

Poco F3 GT is priced in India at Rs. 26,999 for the 6GB RAM + 128GB storage option, 8GB RAM + 128GB storage option at Rs. 28,999, and the 8GB RAM + 256GB storage at Rs. 30,999

As mentioned in the launching event,in the first week of the sale, this phone will be available at a discounted price of Rs. 25,999, Rs. 27,999, and Rs. 29,999, respectively. In the second week of the sale, the Poco F3 GT will be up for grabs at Rs. 26,499, Rs. 28,499, and Rs. 30,499 respectively. After,August 9 prices will return to the normal

Pre-orders of this phone will begin on July 24 at 12 noon and sale will begin on July 26 at 12 noon. This phone will be available for grab on Flipkart. Launch offers include Rs. 1,000 instant discount to ICICI Bank card holders, valid till July 29 . It comes in Gunmetal Silver and Predator Black colour options.

In its price segment this phone will be competing with newly launched flagship OnePlus Nord 2.

Psychological Disorders Part 7

Introduction

In Psychological Disorders Part 6, Disruptive Disorders were discussed. They are rare and chronic but can be controlled with the help of medication and therapy, so if you think you have any, you should consult a psychologist. This article will discuss Depressive and Substance-Related Disorders.

Depressive Disorders

Depression is a mood disorder that involves a persistent feeling of sadness and a loss of interest. It is also called a major depressive disorder or clinical depression. This can cause trouble in doing daily activities. It is also important to remember that you cannot just snap out of it and it takes time but medication and therapy can help with it. Symptoms for depression are:

Feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness
Frustration and angry outbursts
Loss of interest in normal activities
Sleep disturbance like insomnia or hyposomnia
Reduced appetite or increased appetite
Lack of energy
Slowed thinking
Anxiety or restlessness
Unexplained physical problems like headache and backache
Trouble concentrating and remembering things
Suicidal thoughts
Feeling worthless

Although there are different types of depressive disorders based on the duration and timing:

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a childhood condition in which the child has extreme anger and irritability.

Major depressive disorder is when the person feels a loss of interest in activities.

Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is chronic depression.

Unspecified depressive disorder is when the case cannot be categorized into one particular category.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a type of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) wherein the person feels depression, anxiety, and irritability before a week or two of the menstruation date.

Substance depressive disorder is when the person experiences the symptoms of depression while using alcohol or any other such substance.

Depressive disorder due to medical condition is when the person is going through depression because of another medical condition.

The cause for this is firstly, biological, people with depression have physical changes in their brains, secondly, brain chemistry, difference in the functioning of neurotransmitters, thirdly, hormones, change in the level of hormones can also cause depression like after delivery which is known as postpartum, and lastly, inherited traits, you are more likely to have depression if someone in your family has or had it.

Substance-Related Disorders

These are the disorders that involve the use of alcohol and drugs. Examples of this disorder are:

Alcohol-related disorders involve consuming alcohol wherein the person has a problem controlling the alcohol consumption. Symptoms include being unable to limit alcohol consumption, wanting to cut down the consumption but being unable to, spending a lot of time drinking or recovering from the use of it, craving alcohol, failing to fulfill major obligations because of the consumption, continuing to drink knowing the problem it is causing, giving up on work and hobbies, developing a tolerance for alcohol resulting into consuming more, experiencing withdrawal symptoms like nausea and using alcohol in unsafe situations like driving.

Drug-related disorders involve the inability to control the use of legal or illegal drugs or medication which affect the person’s brain and behaviour. Symptoms are the same as alcohol-related disorders, the only difference is of the substance being used.

It is important to note that substance-related disorders negatively affect the health and immunity of the person.

Conclusion

Depressive and Substance-related disorders are very common and serious. The way to deal with both of them is to approach psychologists and doctors. It is important to note that these two disorders can often be related, meaning that a person starts abusing alcohol because of depression and a person suffering from depression because of alcohol-related disorder. Depression is a very serious disorder, please consult a psychologist immediately if you think you are suffering from it.

References

Note: this is just Part 7 of the Psychological Disorders series.

THE SCIENCE FICTION

With the rapid development of science and technology, science fiction has became popular in the modern times. The essence of fiction is the presentation of conflict in the human drama. Science fiction deals with conflict that arises out of the impact of scientific discoveries on the future life of humanity.

The writer of science fiction must be well-versed in the modern scientific knowledge to enable him to create a credible science story. Through in science fiction the element of fantasy dominates, the science fiction writers do not commit errors regarding scientific discoveries, facts and possibilities.

Types of science fiction:

There are two types of science fiction.

The first type is based on known facts of science leading to the development of new possiblities as in Arthur C. Clarke’s ‘The Sands of Mars’ which deals with the conditions encountered by the explorers on Mars.
The second type is science fantasy which is very popular today. It introduces any kind of assumptions, realistic or imaginary, which are necessary for the story. The strongest element in science fiction is imagination which often goes beyond credibility or rational understanding as in Bradbury’s ‘Martian Chronicles’.

Modern science fiction combines elements of scientific facts with fantasy. Most common themes in modern science fiction are the following:

Space Travel, journey to other worlds and encounter with extra-terrestrial beings.
Travelling in time past or future.
Biological and psychological changes brought about by the appreciation of science in human beings and other species of life.
Extraordinary powers acquired by man through the use of technology or abnormal mental powers possessed by some persons.

Science fiction began to acquire importance in the latter part of the 19th century with the fictional writings of Jules Verne and H.G Wells. Some of the stories of Edgar Allen Poe and Mary Shelley’s novel ‘Frankenstein’ had anticipated the coming of science fiction. However, it was Jules Verne’s novels such as ‘Journey to the Centre of the Earth’ and ‘Around the World in Eighty Days’ that set the trend. Science fiction achieved greater popularity with the writings of H.G Wells who wrote such classics as ‘The War of the Worlds’ and ‘The Time Machine’.

Modern science fiction presents most of the important technological achievements of the age — radar, rockets, medicines and robots, electronic brain, space vehicle, satellites, medicines and drugs with fantastic effects etc. Such materials are used with great imagination to create an exotic and weird effect.

The most outstanding science fiction writers since the sixties have been Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke. Asimov was a prolific writer of science fiction. His novels of the Foundation Saga and the series of ‘Robot’ novels have become classics. Two other outstanding novels of Asimov are ‘Extra-Terrastrials’ and ‘The Gods Themselves’.

The science fiction presents not only a fantastic world of wonders but, also a world more or less scientifically accurate. Most science fiction writings conform to the general principles of novel writing. They stimulate our imagination, satisfy our curiosity and lift us to a world of intense make-believe.

BOOKISH TERMS https://eduindex.org/2021/07/17/bookish-terms/

BOOK REVIEW: 1984 BY GEORGE ORWELL https://eduindex.org/2021/07/18/book-review-1984-by-george-orwell/

Psychological Disorders Part 6

Introduction

In Psychological Disorders Part 5, Sleep Disorders were discussed. It is extremely important to consult a psychologist if you think you have any sleep disorders. This article will discuss Disruptive Disorders. These are all chronic disorders.

Disruptive Disorders

These are also known as impulse-control disorders, these are the disorders when a person is unable to resist a destructive urge. That is, an inability to control emotions and behaviours which end up in harm to self or others.

Kleptomania is the inability to resist the urge to steal items that are generally not needed and have very little value. It is a rare yet very serious disorder as it holds the potential of causing emotional pain to the person and their loved ones. Symptoms for this are the inability to resist the urge to steal things of no need, feeling increased anxiety which leads to theft, feeling gratification while stealing, feeling shame after the theft, and the recurrence of the urge to steal. People with this disorder don’t steal for their gain, but because of the urge. The cause of this can be low levels of serotonin, addictive disorder because of the release of dopamine while stealing, and an imbalance in the brain’s opioid system which regulates the urges.

Pyromania is an impulse control disorder in which a person is unable to resist starting fires. People with this disorder know that it is harmful but it tends to be the only way they can get rid of the anxiety they get from the urge. Symptoms for this are setting a fire on purpose more than once, feeling tense before starting a fire, being obsessed with fire, and feeling gratification when setting a fire. This is an extremely rare disorder.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder involves repeated and sudden episodes of aggressive and violent behaviour, it can also include impulsive angry verbal outbursts. These outbursts are very out of proportion with the situation. These can cause a lot of distress and negatively impact the relationships of the person suffering. Some of the symptoms before an aggressive episode are rage, irritability, increased energy, tingling, palpitations, chest tightness, racing thoughts, and tremors. Some symptoms in case of explosive verbal and behavioural outbursts are heated arguments, property damage, assaulting people or animals, temper tantrums, shouting, slapping, physical fights, and tirades. This disorder can begin in childhood after the age of 6 years. Its possible causes are said to be the firstly, environment; if a child is exposed to such behaviour at their house, they are likely to have the same, secondly, genetics, it can be passed down from parents and lastly, it may be caused because of a difference in the structure and chemistry of the brain.

Conduct Disorder is a serious emotional and behavioural disorder that can occur in children and teenagers. A child with this disorder may show a pattern of violent behaviour with problems in following rules. Symptoms of this are aggressive behaviour like fighting and bullying, destructive behaviour like the destruction of property and vandalism, deceitful behaviour like lying and shoplifting, and violation of rules like running away and skipping school. Children with this disorder have low self-esteem, temper tantrums, and often abuse drugs and alcohol. It is important to note that teenagers usually have behaviour related problems but this disorder only exists if the behaviour is long-lasting.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a disorder in which a child or teenager has a pattern of anger, arguing, irritability, and defiance towards authority figures. Symptoms for an angry and irritable mood are easily losing temper, being easily annoyed by others, and is often angry and resentful. Symptoms for argumentative and defiant behaviour are often arguing with the person in authority, actively defying the adults, deliberately annoying people, and blaming others for their mistakes. Symptoms for vindictiveness are being spiteful and showing spiteful behaviour at least twice in six months. Its causes are genetic and environmental, the type of supervision from the parents.

Conclusion

These are the impulse-control disorders that disrupt the daily life of the person with the disorder as well as their loved ones. Although these disorders are chronic and there aren’t any permanent solutions to them, they can be controlled and monitored with the help of some medications and therapy. If you have any of the above-mentioned disorders are ashamed to come forward and seek therapy, please understand that it is not your fault and it is okay to seek help to protect yourself and your loved ones.

References

Note: this is just Part 6 of the Psychological Disorders series.

The ‘holy grail’ of batteries: Scientists create a ‘iron-air’ battery that rusts and stores power for days at a tenth of the price of lithium-ion batteries.

In the United States, an ‘on-air battery has been created that can hold electricity generated by wind or solar power plants for days before gently discharging it to the grid.

Form Energy intends to stack thousands of its “iron-air” batteries together in massive warehouses, as seen in this illustration.

According to Form Energy, a technological firm based in Massachusetts, it will help combat climate change by eliminating the demand for fossil fuel power plants.

The Iron-Air battery is a ‘new kind of cost-effective, multi-day energy storage device,’ capable of supplying electricity for 100 hours at a fraction of the cost of lithium-Ion, the renewable energy technology’s “holy grail.”

It’s constructed of iron, one of the most abundant elements on the planet, and it operates by inhaling oxygen, changing iron to rust, and then converting rust back to iron.

It is charging and discharging the battery as it takes in oxygen and transforms iron back and forth, a process that allows the energy to be held for longer.

According to the company, the batteries are too hefty for use in electric automobiles since they are intended to handle the difficulty of maintaining a consistent power supply.

This will address one of the renewable energy’s most vexing problems: how to store vast amounts of electricity inexpensively and provide it to power networks when the sun isn’t shining for solar panels or the wind isn’t blowing for turbines.

Solar and wind resources are the cheapest sources of energy in much of the globe, but unlike fossil fuel power plants, they do not provide a consistent supply.

The electric grid now has to figure out how to deal with this supply unpredictability while maintaining electricity dependability and cost.

According to Form Energy, their innovative battery technology is the answer to this rising problem.

According to Mateo Jaramillo, CEO and Co-Founder of Form Energy, the company performed a thorough analysis of all existing technologies and ultimately redesigned the iron-air battery.

This was done to ‘optimize it for multi-day energy storage for the electric grid,’ according to the researchers.

According to the company, the battery they are creating would enable governments to retire thermal assets such as coal and natural gas power facilities completely.

‘We’re attacking the largest obstacle to deep decarbonization with this technology: making renewable energy accessible when and where it’s required, even over several days of harsh weather or grid disruptions,’ Jaramillo explained.

It will also be less expensive, according to the company. Nickel, cobalt, lithium, and manganese minerals are used in lithium-ion battery cells, which can cost up to $80 per kilowatt-hour of storage.

Form hopes to reduce mineral prices for each cell to less than $6 per kilowatt-hour by using iron and to maintain the cost of a whole battery system to less than $20 per kilowatt-hour of energy storage by cramming them into a full battery system.

Renewables will eventually be able to replace traditional fossil-fuel power facilities at this pricing range, according to experts.

Breakthrough Energy Ventures, a climate investment fund sponsored by Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos, and others, is one of the firm’s investors. They’ve also received investment from ArcelorMittal, the world’s largest iron-ore producer.

HOW DOES AN IRON-AIR BATTERY WORK?

According to the company, the primary concept of functioning is reversible rusting.

The battery takes in oxygen from the air during discharging and transforms ferrous metal into rust.

The introduction of an electrical current during charging transforms the rust to iron, and the battery exhales oxygen.

They collect energy from renewable sources, store it for up to 150 hours, and then discharge it to the grid when renewables are unavailable.

Each battery is just around the size of a washing machine.

Each of these modules is filled with a non-flammable, water-based electrolyte similar to that found in AA batteries.

Stacks of 10 to 20 meter-scale cells, which comprise iron electrodes and air electrodes, the elements of the battery that enable electrochemical processes to store and release electricity, are contained within the liquid electrolyte.

Thousands of battery modules are joined together in modular megawatt-scale power blocks, which are housed in an environmentally protected container.

Tens to hundreds of these power blocks will be linked to the energy grid, depending on the scale of the system.

A one-megawatt system, in its most compact form, takes roughly one acre of land.

3MW/acre can be achieved with higher density designs.

Health Effectiveness of Mushroom

Mushrooms are one of the most used vegetables .It is very delicious & nutritious .Mushrooms are also called toadstools . A mushroom is a body of fungus which is able to bear spores . Here we are talking about some edible mushrooms .Mushrooms are usually born above the soil or rotten dead waste & Their growth rate is very rapid .

Mushrooms are from the kingdom of ‘Fungi’ & Under ‘Basidiomycota’ phylum . Mushrooms are divided into 3 body parts — 1) Stem or, Stipe ; 2) Cap or, Pileus ; 3) Gills or Lamellae (It generates microspore & stores them) .The most popular & edible mushroom is Agaricus bisporus .Mushrooms can be edible and non-edible. Non-edibles are poisonous & it harms our body . Some well known edible mushroom species are — Portobello ,Button ,Shiitake(It is also called as “King of Mushrooms”) ,Oyster ,Maitake ,Enoki ,white mushroom & many others .Now, let’s talk about their nutritional value .

Nutritional value : nutritional value per 100g raw and uncooked mushrooms are given below —–

1) 4.3 gram carbohydrate

2) 0.1 gram fat

3) 2.5 gram protein

4) Many types of Vitamin B are available ~~ a) 0.1 milligram of Vitamin B1 ;b) 0.5 mg of vitamin B2 ; c) 3.8 mg of vitamin B3 ; d) 1.5 mg of vitamin B5 ; e) 0.11 mg of Vitamin B6 ; f) 25 microgram of Vitamin B9 , g) no amount of Vitamin C .Vitamin B2 ,vitamin B5 and vitamin B3 are in a lots of amount in a mushroom .

5)Various minerals are also presents ~~ a) 18 mg of calcium ;b) 0.4 mg of iron ;c) 9 mg of magnesium ;d) 0.14 mg of Manganese ;e) 120 mg of phosphorus ;f) 448 mg of potassium ; g) 6 mg of sodium ;h) 1.1 mg of zinc .

6) Mushroom body contains 92% water

7) Mushrooms contain a very high amount of 2 important antioxidants — Ergothioneine & Glutathione .

8) It also has lots of folate .

9) Mushrooms give away 94 KJ or 22 Kcal energy .

Effect on Health :

1) Mushrooms contain a lot of calcium which is a main component of our bones . That’s why mushrooms are beneficial for our bone health. It prevents osteoporosis and joint pain problems .

2) It also fights against cancer as mushrooms have Vitamin D and antioxidants .Folate which is also present in mushrooms, helps in the synthesis process of DNA .

3) Mushrooms have a lot of fibre. fibre helps to control the Glucose level of blood. In that way the blood sugar level remains at a safe margin .

4) Potassium, Vitamin C and fibre are good for the cardiovascular system, especially for the heart .Mushrooms have all these elements so it also prevents the risk of heart diseases .

5) Selenium, which is available in mushrooms, increases the immune power of our body and helps to prevent flu and common cold .

6) Mushrooms are a very good diet vegetable .

7) Mushrooms give a lot of energy to our body as it has lots of protein .

8) Folate is present in mushrooms and It helps in the fetal health for any pregnant women .

9) Mushrooms contain two important antioxidants (Ergothioneine & Glutathione) that work against aging of our skin and body .

10) Mushrooms prevent the aging of our brain .

Effects of Pollution

Types of Pollution

How to Reduce Pollution?

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HOW IT GOT ITS NAME?

TRAJECTORY:

HAVE ALIEN FOUND US?

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Introduction

Neurocognitive Disorders

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

Conclusion

References

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National air quality monitoring programme

Air quality index

Control of air pollution

Technological approach

Legal approach

Economic approach

Control

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Specifications

Mad Reverse pricing

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Introduction

Depressive Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Conclusion

References

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Types of science fiction:

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Introduction

Disruptive Disorders

Conclusion

References

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