Self- confidence is a feelung of trust in one’s abilities, qualities, and judgment.children with a healthy sennsr of self-confidence are able to feel good about themselves and knoe that they deserve respect from others. Confidence can be a tough thing to build up. We’ve put together some handy tips to help you put.
TIPS FOR BUILDING SELF – CONFIDENCE :
There are number of things you can do to build your confidence. Some of them arejust small changes to your frame of mind; others you’ ll have to work on fora big longer to make them familiar habits.
1.LOOK AT WHAT YOU’VE ALEADY ACHIEVED:
It is easy to lose confidence if you believe you haven’t achieved anythkng. Make a list of all the things you’ re proud of in your life, whegger it’s getting a good mark on an exam or learning to surf. Keep the list close by and add to it whenever you do something you’ re proud of. When you’re low in confidence,pull out the list a use it to remind yourself if all the awesome stuff you’ ve done.
2.SET SOME GOALS :
Set some goals and set out the steps you need to take to achieve them. They don’t have to be big goals; they can even be things like baking a cake or planning a nighy out with friends. Just aim for some achievements that you can tick off a list to hrlp you again confidence in your ability to get stuff done.
3.THINK OF THINGS YOU’RE GOOD AT :
Everyone has strengths and talents. What are yours? Recoginising what you’re good at,and trying to build on those things,will help you to build confidence in your own abilities.
4.TALK YOURSELF UP :
You’re never going to feel confident if you have negative commentary running through your mind telling you that you’re no good. Think about your self- talk and how that might be affecting your self- confidence. Treat yourself like would your bestfriend and cheer yourself on.
5.GET A HOBBY :
Try to find something that you’re really passionate about. It could be photography, sport, knitting or anything else! When you’ve workef out your passion, commit yourself to giving it a go.chances are, if you’re intetested or passionate about a certain activity, you’re more likely to be motivated and you’ll build skills more quickly.
Confidence helps us feel ready for life’s experiences. When we’re confident, we’re more likely to move forward with people and opportunities no back away from them. And if things don’t work out at fisrt , confidence helps us try again. It is the opposite when confidence is low.
Self- confidence is a feeling of trust in one’s abilities, qualities, and judgement. Some of the many causes of low self- esteem may include. Unhappy childhood where parents were extremly critical. Poor academic performance in school resulting in a lack of confidence.
Rural areas are also known as the ‘countryside’ or a ‘village’ in India. It has a very low population density. In rural areas, agriculture is the chief source of livelihood along with fishing cottageindustries, pottery, etc.
The quest to discover the real rural India still continues in great earnest. Almost every economic agency today has a definition of rural India. Here are a few definitions: According to the Planning Commission, a town with a maximum population of 15,000 is considered rural in nature.
In these areas the panchayat makes all the decisions. There are five people in the panchayat. The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) defines ‘rural’ as follows:An area with a population density of up to 400 per square kilometer.
Villages with clear surveyed boundaries but no municipal board,
A minimum of 75% of male working population involved in agriculture and allied activities.
RBI defines rural areas as those areas with a population of less than 49,000 (tier -3 to tier-6 cities).
It is generally said that the rural areas house up to 70% of India’s population. Rural India contributes a large chunk to India’s GDP by way of agriculture, self-employment, services, construction etc.
As per a strict measure used by the National Sample Survey in its 63rd round, called monthly per capita expenditure, rural expenditure accounts for 55% of total national monthly expenditure. The rural population currently accounts for one-third of the total Indian FMCG sales.
Ice Cream is without a doubt the perfect dessert ever discovered by man. Ice Cream Day became an official food holiday in 1984. President Ronald Reagan declared the third Sunday of July as National Ice Cream Day.
The major ingredient in Icecream is air who would have thought that the major ingredient in ice-cream we eat is actually air. Air makes up to 50% of the total volume of our Icecream which gives it is light texture. Ice cream products are usually made from dairy products.
There waffle cone was invented accidentally in 1904. The tallest icecream cone was over 9 feet tall in Italy.
It takes about 50 licks to completed one scoop of Icecream. Icecream tasters uses a golden spoon to taste the product accurately, so the metal doesn’t impact the taste of the ice cream. The golden spoon enables the tester to sample the Icecream without experiencing any aftertaste from the spoon itself.
The end of the world war 2 was celebrated by eating Icecream.
In Canada, more Icecreams are sold in winter than in summer. The largest worldwide consumption of ice cream is in United States. The most popular flavour is vanilla then comes chocolates. Chocolate was actually invented first. Most favorite ice cream topping is chocolate syrup. The most unusual ice cream flavors is hot dog flavored ice-cream that was created in US. There are believed to be over 1000 ice cream flavors in the world.
There is an icecream fruit in Hawaii, that taste exactly like vanilla icecream. It’s called the inga feuilleii but locals called it icecream bean.
Enjoy National Ice Cream Day by sharing some with your family and friends!
The aim of education should be building of character and not merely injecting of information.
– Pranab Mukherjee.
Education is a learning process that enables students and adults in a school community to understand, care about and act on core ethical values.
Learn the value of respect, justice, civic virtue and citizenship, and responsibility for not only themselves but also for others.
Education gives us the knowledge we need to know what dangers in society are and how to deal with them properly.
Intelligence plus character – that is the goal of true education. The complete education gives one not only power of concentration but worthy objectives upon which to concentrate.
– Martin Luther King Jr
Important aim of teaching should be producing students with good moral and skills for life.
Confidence and resilience are two character traits that are essential for success in the workplace.
As we all know, we faces various challenges after school life. We do not comfort with our good grade but we feel comfort with the character traits like confidence and resilience.
People with Confidence deals with well interview and prospect the more responsibility the within a job or any role.
People with resilience character, deals with failure rejection and various unseen obstacles in life. They face problems rather than wasting time on worrying about Minor failures. They always try to keep growing.
Education is the key to build characters
Producing students with good grades are not enough for them to face various kinds of challenges in their life. Good grapes are not going to help them for their fruitful life. But preparing students with good ethics, good Morals, social skills and life skills are really going to help them for their future challenges.
In today’s world the schools are focusing on student and forces them for good grades in academic. Parents also want their child to gain good grades in academics. but in future only good return are not going to work anymore. A person with with good grades and without any social or soft skills or ethics they faces competitions only.
Thus, focusing on building character is also very important for us.
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Earth, our home planet, is a world unlike any other. The third planet from the sun, Earth is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life.
With a radius of 3,959 miles, Earth is the fifth largest planet in our solar system, and it’s the only one known for sure to have liquid water on its surface. Earth is also unique in terms of monikers. Every other solar system planet was named for a Greek or Roman deity, but for at least a thousand years, some cultures have described our world using the Germanic word “earth,” which means simply “the ground.”
Our dance around the sun
Earth orbits the sun once every 365.25 days. Since our calendar years have only 365 days, we add an extra leap day every four years to account for the difference.
Though we can’t feel it, Earth zooms through its orbit at an average velocity of 18.5 miles a second. During this circuit, our planet is an average of 93 million miles away from the sun, a distance that takes light about eight minutes to traverse. Astronomers define this distance as one astronomical unit (AU), a measure that serves as a handy cosmic yardstick.
Earth rotates on its axis every 23.9 hours, defining day and night for surface dwellers. This axis of rotation is tilted 23.4 degrees away from the plane of Earth’s orbit around the sun, giving us seasons. Whichever hemisphere is tilted closer to the sun experiences summer, while the hemisphere tilted away gets winter. In the spring and fall, each hemisphere receives similar amounts of light. On two specific dates each year called the equinoxes both hemispheres get illuminated equally.
Many layers, many features
About 4.5 billion years ago, gravity coaxed Earth to form from the gaseous, dusty disk that surrounded our young sun. Over time, Earth’s interior which is made mostly of silicate rocks and metals differentiated into four layers.
At the planet’s heart lies the inner core, a solid sphere of iron and nickel that’s 759 miles wide and as hot as 9,800 degrees Fahrenheit. The inner core is surrounded by the outer core, a 1,400-mile-thick band of iron and nickel fluids. Beyond the outer core lies the mantle, a 1,800-mile-thick layer of viscous molten rock on which Earth’s outermost layer, the crust, rests. On land, the continental crust is an average of 19 miles thick, but the oceanic crust that forms the seafloor is thinner about three miles thick and denser.
Growing mentally and growing physically are two completely different things. Growing mentally refers to a person’s psychological growth the way we think and deal with different situations, and by what methods we develop and disseminate information. Growing up physically refers to a person’s physical growth like increased height, strength, and health. It can also refer to the development of your brain. ” The key to success is to keep growing in all areas of life mental emotional, spiritual as well as physical.” A healthy body can help your mind stay strong.when your body isn’t fit, it’s tougher to make challenging decisions. Some of the tips will help you to improve both simultaneously.
ENRICH YOUR MIND :
keep challenging yourself to learn new things. By doing this, will gain more knowledge about things around you, and you will learn how to utilize things in a better way. Don’t let yourself get stuck in one place, either mentally or physically. Be proactive, curious, conscious and informed about the world.
Use your brain more often by doing brain exercises:
Exercising your brain means using it more. Generally the brain takes part in everything we do, but there are some types of activities which are specifically exercise our brains. Activities like doing puzzles, playing games like chess or scrabble, solving numerical problems, studying difficult topics and changing your dexterity, spatial reasoning and logic. Doing these mental exercises daily can sharpen your mind , and it can be an excellent way to strengthens neural links in your brain.
CONSUME NUTRIENTS THAT ARE GOOD FOR BRAIN:
Take in nutrients which are good for your brain. Foods that have antioxidants like vitamin c,e,b etc are good for the brain.consuming almonds and apple juice is also good for sharpening the brain.
THINK CRITICALLY :
when we hear, read or work on something, It is very important than we question everything and pay attention to details.such an approach can improve our thinking ability because it requires more brain work than mere observations.
DO PHYSICAL EXERCISES :
A healthy body means a healthy mind; regular exercise has a positive influence our brains function. The brain takes in nutrients from the blood, which makes the brain healthier. Physical exercise is essential for enhancing mental power .
EAT HEALTHY FOODS :
spend some time to examine which kinds of food bring you up and which foods bring down. Creating a diet plan can make you feel good, and gives you a sense of self-development. This will boost your sense of success.
GET BETTER SLEEP AND TAKE NAPS:
Get as much sleep as you need, around Seven or eight hours, every night. While sleeping well does not guarantee good health, it does help you to maintain many vital functions. Perhaps most importantly sleep helps you recover from the wear and tear of daily life. Major healing functions in the body such as tissue repair, music and mental growth occur almost exclusively during sleep.
SPEED TIME WITH PEOPLE :
Build a good support system with the people around you. Whether it’s your family, friends, or something else, find a group of people who are willing to support you in any circumstances. This increases flexibility and helps to provide perspective in the midst of stress and discomfort.
STAY AWAY FROM DRUGS AND ALCOHOL : using cigarettes, alcohol, and illegal drugs damage your mental and physical health. Decreasing mental and physical stability produces” false” emotions.
FIND A GOOD LISTENER :
Find someone who is eager to listen to you, who you can talk to openly and freely. This can help you in relieving stress and anger and can heal you mentally, which ultimately has an impact on your physical health.
LAUGH MORE :
Laughter is the best medicine for human health. Human increases dopamine, and it improves memory and health.
GET RID OF BAD HABITS THAT HURT YOUR CONFIDENCE :
If you have a habit of smoking too much, drinking alcohol too much, spending too much time online, or a different habit that’s hurting your confidence, take steps to eradicate them. Study books, watch good films, play games, watch dances, and listen to songs; do the things that make you feel relaxed. Many studies suggest that watching TV and using a computer late at night is bad for your health.
STAR YOUR DAY BY THINKING ABOUT ONE GOOD THING YOU CAN DO :
Generally, it’s just a matter of deciding to do something good. Develop the habit of finding a good deed to do each day. Set aims and goals and follow through with them to attain them. By setting goals and gradually working to attain them , you will grow mentally.
Theme this year: “Teach someone how to play chess”
The idea to commemorate International Chess Day was proposed by UNESCO after it was established by FIDE in 1966. FIDE, the International Chess Federation has 181 chess federations as its members organize chess events and competitions across the globe on International Chess Day.
FIDE: Fédération Internationale des Échecs
-Chess was invented in India around 8th Century. It was known as chatrang-
Chess:
Chess is a board game played by two players. It is enjoyed all over the world. There have been many grandmasters and the records get tougher to hold the title. Chess is an abstract strategy game and involves no hidden information.
It is played on a square chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. At the start, each player controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The main chessboard and pawns are black and white.
The goal of the game is to put the opponent’s king under immediate attack .i.e. in “check” and give no way for it to escape. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw. Each pawn has its own limitation of movements.
It is one of the most fun, intellectual, and brainy indoor games.
Players: 2
Abilities: Strategy, tactics
Fact: In 1997, Deep Blue became the first computer to beat the reigning World Champion in a match when it defeated Garry Kasparov.
History:
The origin of chess date around 7-8th century. Three are written in Pahlavi and one, the Harshacharita, is in Sanskrit. Chatrang was named shatranj, after the Islamic conquest of Persia. Xiangqi is the form of chess best-known in China
The modern piece movement rules began to appear in intellectual circles in Valencia, Spain around 1475. The queen replaced the vizier chess piece and by the 15th century had become the most powerful piece.
Prague-born Wilhelm Steinitz laid the foundations for a scientific approach to the game, the art of breaking a position down into components. In addition to his theoretical achievements, his triumph over the leading German master Johannes Zukertort in 1886 is regarded as the first official World Chess Championship.
Significance of chess:
“The United Nations recognizes that sports, the arts and physical activity have the power to change perceptions, prejudices and behaviours, as well as to inspire people, break down racial and political barriers, combat discrimination and defuse conflict, and therefore contrabute in promoting education, sustainable development, peace, cooperation, solidarity, social inclusion and health at the local, regional and international levels.
The designation of World Chess Day of the UN will not only recognize the important role of the FIDE in supporting international cooperation for chess activity and aiming to improve friendly harmony among all peoples of the world, but also to provide an important platform to foster, dialogue, solidarity and culture of peace”
-United Nations
Fact: The rules of chess are published by FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs)
Notable Men and women in the world of chess:
Judit Polgár
Garry Kasparov
Vera Menchik
Magnus Carlsen
Rohini Khadilkar
Andrey Espienko
Nona GAprindashvili
Hou Yifan
Movies to watch:
The Queen’s Gambit
Queen of Katwe
Pawn Sacrifice
Searching for Bobby Fischer
Brooklyn Castle
Hikaru no Go
What to do?
LEARN CHESS!!
Cause why not? Learning moves or moving pieces entirely after thorough thought, being on your toes to find the easiest or quickest win to checkmate, and tricking someone to make the move you wanted them to do! It is a load of exercise for your brain.
Science and technology play a huge role in our society as well as in our lives. Nowadays we all are surrounded by technology and are dependent on it for everything we do. Especially after this pandemic everything is in virtual mode and is completely based on technology. We live in the technological era where gadgets are of outmost importance to us. A gadget is simply a human made device which is programmed to reduce human effort and does a piece of job easily without any hassle.
In this fast-growing world we human beings are always surrounded by machines and gadgets for every need of ours starting from the time we get up in the morning till we again go to bed we even use gadgets while we are asleep such as air conditioner, insect repellent and many more. Science is a boon for us, but in the other hand as everything has its own merits and demerits there are also people who do use science for a bad cause. Technology is good but it is advisable to keep this technology out of the reach of children as otherwise they will not tend to learn things and will prefer to take the help of science to solve a particular existing problem this may affect their growth.
IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY :
Technology, science and knowledge are important in modern contemporary society. Essential questions include the following : How does science and technology produce new products, new ways of living and new nutritious? Why is new technology and knowledge so fundamental to us in the ways through which we imagine the future?
Technology, knowledge and science are fundamental in modern contemporary society. The understanding of how social, cultural and material elements influence the production of new practices, new ways of under of contemporary postmodern society. Studies of technology and science provides students with insight into how different processes of knowledge are initiated and progressed, and how innovative technological processes are developed employed and increase in importance. In this manner, students will be provided with the academic basis for working with detailed analyses of different forms of technologies and process of knowledge within business life or industry and commerce, research work , political development, management of knowledge and innovation.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY :
Science , technology and innovation each represent a successively larger category of activities which are highly interdependent but distinct. Science contributes to technology in at least six ways.
New knowledge which serves as a direct source of ideas of new technological possibilities.
Source from tools and techniques for more efficient engineering design and a knowledge based for evaluation of feasibility of designs
Research instrumentation, laboratory techniques and analytical methods used in research that eventually find their way into design or industrial practices, often through intermediate disciplines.
Practice of research as a source for development and assimilation of new human skill and capabilities eventually useful for technology.
Creation of a knowledge base that becomes increasingly important in the assessment of technology in terms of its wider social and environmental impacts
Knowledge base that enables more efficient strategies of applied research, development, and refinement of new technologies.
THe ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Teaching technological literacy, critical thinking and problem- solving through science education gives students the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in school and beyond.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY USED IN SOCIETY :
Science and technology have had a major impact on society, and their impact is growing. By making life easier, science has given an the chance to pursue societal concerns such as ethics, aesthetics, education and justice to create cultures, and to improve human conditions.
J.K Rowling’s story is one of the most famous insipirational failures to the success story of our time. She had failed in almost everything she attempted to do in her life and at one point she considers herself a major failure.
Most of the people only know her as a woman writer who created Harry Potter, but what people don’t know about the struggle she faces before reaching the stardom.
BIRTH AND CHILDHOOD :
Joanne Rowling was born on 31st July 1965 in yate, Gloucestershire, England to Peter James Rowling and Anne Rowling. Her father was a Rolls- Royce aircraft engineer and mother was a science technician She had one little sister, Dianne, as a child Rowling loves to write fantasy stories and read them to her younger sister. When she was a teenager she got a chance to read Jessica Mitford ‘s autobiography, from then on Mitford become her heroine and after that, she read all her books.
BOOK INSPIRATION AND MOTHER ‘S DEATH :
After working for Amnesty International as a researcher and bilingual secretary in London, Rowling moved to Manchester with her then- boyfriend where she worked at chamber of commerce. In1990, Rowling first had the idea for Harry Potter, a story of a young boy who attends a school of wizards, while she was on a 4 hour delayed train trip from Manchester to London. While travelling the idea fully formed in her mind and when she reached her flat she began writing furiously. However, in December 1990 her mother died after 10 years of complications from Mutiplr sclerosis Mother’s death heavily affects Rowling and leave her extremely distraught and upset. Later she channelled her own feelings of her loss by writing about Harry’s feelings in her first book.
MARRIAGE, DIVORCE AND SINGLE MOTHER:
After a few months of her mother’s death, she moved to Portugal to teach the English language. There she met a man, fall in love with him, got married and gave birth to her daughter. In 1993 her marriage ended in Divorce and she with her infant daughter moved to Edinburgh Scotland to be closer to her sister. This is the most struggling time for Rowling and she saw herself as a complete failure. She was divorced, jobless, no money and a dependent child. Because of all this, she suffered bouts of depression and contemplated suicide. Eventually, she signed for Government-assisted welfare describing her economic status as poor. It was a really difficult time in her life but she kept going on and put all her energy on completing her novel.
HARRY POTTER :
In 1995 Rowling completes her manuscript for Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone on an old manual type writer. She was so poor at that time she could not afford a computer or even the cost of photocopying the novel, so she manually typed each copy and submitted to twelve publishing house in London. The manuscript was rejected almost dozens time until she was finally given chance with £1,500 advance by a small London publisher, Bloomsbury after the company’s CEO little 8 years old daughter fell in love with it after reading the first chapter of the book.
In July 1997 Bloomsbury published first 1000 copies of Harry Potter series out of which 500 copies were distributed to libraries. Just five months later the book won Nestlé smarties Book prize it’s first award . In early 1998 an auction was held in America for the printing rights to publish the novel. Scholastic INC won the auction for USB 105, 000, later Rowling said in a interview that she nearly died when she heard the news of this amount for printing her novel. Today Harry Potter is a global brand worth an estimated 15 billion dollars. The last four Harry Potter books have set the records for the fastest selling books in history. The Harry Potter series to talking 4, 195 pages have been translated either in whole or in part into 65 languages. The Harry Potter books series have also gained recognition for creating an interest in reading among the children’s at a time when they were more inclined towards the Internet, computers and television.
FINANCIAL SUCCESS :
In 2001 J.K ROWLING purchased a 19th century killiechassie House, an estate house on the banks of the river tay in Perth. She also owns a £ 4.5 million Georgian house in West London. In 2004 , Forbes named Rowling as the first person to become a us dollar billionaire by only writing books.In 2017, according to Sunday times, Richard list Rowling net worth was approx. £ 650 million.
PERSONAL LIFE :
Rowling and her second husband Neil Murray were married on 26th December 2001. They live in Edinburgh with their 3 children. Rowling was a runner up in 2007. Time’s annual person of the year issue after Russia’s president Vladimir putin.
Depression and anxiety are very common problem these days starting from teenager to elderly adults anyone and everyone can face this at any point in life and they equally affect us as any physical disease does, many people don’t take mental health seriously but it is outmost necessary to do so. Here are a few simple daily habits which will help you to deal with depression:
Stay away from negative thoughts, and always try to focus on the filled part of the glass and try not to worry about the empty.
Practice meditation regularly it helps to calm one’s mind and helps in relaxing the brain.
Try to stay out from field where you feel irritated and also do try ignoring unnecessary mess.
Physical exercising is a must for a healthy mind as it keeps the body fit and also helps keeping negativity away.
The physical environment where one spends time and the company of people with which one spend time also plays a key role in determining the and dealing with depression issues.
One must also take care of the diet, consuming fresh fruits and vegetables are highly recommended and one must take care that proper diet is consumed.
Depression symptoms :
Depression can be more than a constant state of sadness or feeling ” blue”. Major depression cane cause a variety of symptoms. Some affect your mood, and others afect your body. Symptoms may also be onging or come and go. The symptoms of depression can be experienced differently among men, women and children differently.
Men may experience symptoms related to their:
* Mood, such as anger, aggressive, irritability, anxiousness, restlessness.
* Emotional well- being such as feeling empty, sad, hopeless.
* Behavior, such as loss of interest, no longer finding pleasure in favorite activites feeling tired easily , thiughts of suicide, drinking- execessively , using drugs, engaging in high- risk activities.
* sexual interest, such as reduced sexual desire, lack of sexual performance
* cognitive abilities , such as inability to concentrate, difficulty completeing tasks, delayed responses during- conversations.
* sleep patterns, such as insomina, restless slepp, excessive sleepiness, not sleeping through the night.
* physical well- being, such as fatigue, pains, headache, digestive problems.
Women may experience symptoms related to their:
* mood, such as irritability
* emotional well- being, such as feeling sad or empty, anxious or hopless.
* congnitive abilities,such asthinking or talking more slowly
* behavior, such as loss of interest in activities, withdrawing from social engagements, thoughts of suicide
* sleep patterns, such as difficultu sleeping through the night, waling early, sleeping too much.
* physical well- being, such as decreases energy, greater fatigue, changes in appetite, weight changes, aches,pain, headaches, increased cramps.
Children may dxperiences symptoms related to their :
* mood such as irritability, anger, mood swings, crying.
* emotional well- being, such as feelings of incompetence or despair, crying, intense sadness
* behavior, such as gettkng into trouble at school or refusing to go to school, avoiding friends or siblings thoughts of death or suicide.
* cognitive abilities, such as difficulty concentrating, decline in school performance, changes in grades.
* sleep patterns, such as difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
*physical well- being, such as loss of energy digestive problems, changes in appetite, weight loss or gain.
Depression causes :
There are several possible causes of depression. They can range from biological to circumstantial.
Common causes include ;
* Family history :
You’re at a higher risk for developing depression if you hace a family history of depression or another mood disorder.
* Early childhood trauma :
Some events affect the way your body reacts to fear and stressful situations
* Brain structure :
There’s a greater risk for depression if her frontal lobe of your brain is less active.
* Medical conditions :
Certain conditions may put you at higher risk, such as chronic illness, insomia, chroinc pain or attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder
* Drug use :
A history of drug or alcohol misuse can affect your risk.
Many factors can influence feelings of depression, as well as who develops the condition . The causes of depression are often tied to other elements of your health. Depression can be linked with to other health problems, your healthcare provider may also conduct a physical examination and order blood work.
Types of depression :
Depression can be broken into categories depending on the severity of symptoms. Some people experience mild and temporary episodes, whike other experience severs and ongoing depressive episodes.
There are two main types. Major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder .
Major depressive disorder :
Major depressive disorder is the more severe form of depression. It’s characterized by persistant feelings of sadness, hoplessness and worthlessness that dont’t go away on their own.
Persistent depressive disorder :
Persistent depressive disorder ( pDD) used to be called dysthymia. It is a milder, but chronic, form of depression.
It’s common for people with PDD to
* lose interest in normal daily activites.
* feel hopless
* lack productivity
* haveclow self- esteem
Depression can be treated successfully, but it’s important to stick your treatment plan.
Treatment for depression :
Living with depression can be difficult, but treatment can help improve your quality of life. Talk to your health care provider about possible options. You may successfully manage symptoms with one form of treatment ,or may find that a combinations of treatment works best.
We all do different things in our daily life. There are a lot of things that we do and we forget abut it the next day, sometimes we don’t even remember what we had for breakfast as the day ends. But can you believe me when I say that here is a man who remembers every single second of his life.
Yes, he remembers where he was, what he did, what he eat and everything that he did for the past 50 tears. He is like a encyclopedia for his memories. You can give him any date and he can tell, where he was, with whom he was, what he did, what he felt and what the weather was like.
The man remembers the first time he voted, the date, the year and for the person he voted for as well. So, after reading all the above you must be wondering who is this guy and is this even scientifically proven?? Is this true or just a hoax cause obviously no one will know if he is lying or telling the truth.
Bob Patrella.
The man’s name is Bob Patrella and he lives in Los Angeles, USA. The man claims to have the best memory in the world. The man have to say that he himself did not knew about it first but one day when his friends asked him about a birthday party he had 10 years ago, he was able to describe the whole day without missing a single detail. According o Bob, he was able to remember all his birthdays since he was 5 years old but he thought that everyone was able to do that and did not took it as something special.
The friends upon hearing the details started asking him about different dates and more events and about different things that he did. No matter the date, month or year he could tell them everything. What they wore, what they did and even how he felt on that specific day.Bob says that he remembers his birthday specifically of the year 1979 cause that was the birthday when he found out that his partner was cheating on him with his roommate.
Bob also says that the coolest thing about this is that he does not needs any social media platform to remember things and to remember birthdays.
There have been numerous studies taken place to find out the reason for this capability of Bob but it is still not found how he is able to do this.
But according to Bob it is not all good for him when it comes to remember things because not every single memory is not something you want to remember. He says that he cannot forget the bad experiences he had and everything something like that happens against all comes back to him and it is not easy to deal with. That’s why when his brother past away soon after his parents he has to face a strong depression.
Bob said,” It was really difficult. It was like I have to deal with the same grief all over again.”
So in order to get over this Bob decided to find a way to deal with this situation. He says that Whenever he feels low and sad he goes back to the happy memories of his family, puts a smile on his face.
Bob Said,” Just going back in time, now that my mother is gone. Just hearing the sound of my mother’s voice is very therapeutic for me.”
So what do you think about this man. Is t possible for someone to remember everything and is it a good think to as sharp memory as Bob Patrella. Because there might be things that you would like to forget and there might be the ones that you would never want to forget about.
A central bank is the apex institution of the monetary and banking structure of the country.
It performs several important monetary functions in the banking system.
According to A.C.L. Day a central bank ” helps and controls and stabilizes the monetary and banking system .“
Along with several other essential functions, the central bank ‘s most important function is to control the credit creation power of commercial banks .
“Central Bank also known as Controller of Credit “
Credit control is the means to control the lending policy of commercial banks by the Central Bank .
The central bank controls credits in accordance with the needs of business and with a view to carrying out the broad monetary policy adopted by the state.
It adopted two methods of credit control :-
• Quantitative Credit Control Methods
• Qualitative Credit Control Methods
Open market is one of the methods of quantitative credit control used by the central bank .
What is open market Operations ( OMO ) ?
Open market Operations in general terms means dealing with government securities and bonds.
To elaborate more, Open Market Operations refers to the sale and purchase of securities , bills and bonds of government as well as private financial institutions by the Central Bank .
OMO is an activity by a central bank to give or take liquidity in its currency to or from a bank or a group of banks.
There are two principle motives of open market Operations
• to influence the reserves of commercial bank in order to control power of credit creation
• to affect the market rates of interest and supply of base money
In order to manipulate the short-term interest rate and the supply of base money in an economy, i.e to indirectly control the total money supply, the central bank buys and sells government securities, or other financial instruments.
Monetary targets, such as inflation, interest rates, or exchange rates, are used to guide this implementation.
In the given figure , S is the supply curve of bank money which shifts to the left as S¹ showing a decrease in the supply of bank money from B to A , given the level of interest rate r .
When the central bank aims at an expansionary policy during a recessionary period , it purchases government securities from the commercial banks and institutions dealing with such securities .
The supply curve of bank money shifts from S¹ to S², showing an increase in the supply of bank money from B to C .
The bank will now lend more at the given rate of interest r.
As the result of change in supply of bank money in market through the open market operations
The market rates of interest also change .
A decrease in the supply of bank money through sale of securities will raise the interest market rates and an increase in supply of bank money will reduce the market rate interest. ___________________________________________
Open Market Operation policy in India
The fact that India is a developing country its capital flows are very different from those in developed countries which influence the Open Market Operation policy .
India’s central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has to make policies and use instruments accordingly. RBI’s major source of funding and control over credit and interest rates was the cash reserve ratio (CRR) and the SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio). But after the reforms, the use of CRR as an effective tool was deemphasized and the use of open market operations increased. OMOs are more effective in adjusting.
RBI use two types of OMOs :-
Outright purchase (PEMO):
It is outright buying or selling of government securities.
Repurchase agreement (REPO):
It is short term, and is subject to repurchase.
OMOs are the most effective credit control instrument with the central bank and are preferred over other methods.
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Limitations of Open Market Operations
Although being an effective method OMO has certain limitations such as :-
• Lack of Securities Market :-. It is important to have an organised security market system for central banks to buy or purchase securities on a large scale.
• Unstable Cash Reserve Ratio:- The buying and selling of securities and bonds by central banks highly influence the cash reserve ratio which is to be maintained at a fixed rate .
• Penal Bank Rate : – According to Profs Aschheim penal rate is one the necessary conditions for success of open market operations. If the penal bank Rate of discount is higher than the market rates of interest , the commercial bank can not increase their borrowings.
• Pessimistic and Optimistic Attitude :- The pessimistic and optimistic attitude of the business community also limits the operations of open market policy. A business may be unwilling to take the risk of taking out a loan during a depression .
• Velocity of Credit and Money not Constant :- The velocity of credit increases during periods of brisk business activities and decreases in periods of falling prices. Hence ,the unstableness of velocity of credit and money constantly affects open market operations.
Despite the given limitations , the central banks find the Open Market Operations instrument the most successful for controlling credit in developed as well as developing countries.
Full name – Edward James Corbett Born – 25 July 1875 ,Nainital, (North-Western Provinces, British India (now in Uttarakhand, India)) Died – 19 April 1955 (aged 79), Nyeri, Kenya Nationality – Indian Occupation – Hunter, naturalist, writer.
‘My India, about which these sketches of village life and work are written, refers to those portions of a vast land which I have known from my earliest days, and where I have worked; and the simple folk whose ways and characters I have tried to depict for you are those among whom I spent the great part of seventy years,’ -wrote Jim Corbett.
These words are not merely a description of a country by a man. These words reveal the life of a rare man who was British by blood but became an Indian at heart.
About Jim:
Edward James ‘Jim’ Corbett was born on 25 July 1875, at Nainital, United Province (now Uttarakhand) in British India. Corbett held the rank of Colonel in the British Indian Army, and worked for the Bengal and North Western Railway. Corbett was frequently called upon by the government of the United Provinces to slay man-eating tigers and leopards who had killed people in the villages of the Garhwal and Kumaon region. Corbett was able to succeed in many cases where numerous others had failed.
History:
Between 1910 and 1938, Corbett shot much-feared man-eaters such as the Champawat Tiger, the Leopard of Rudraprayag, the Tigers of Chowgarh and the Panar Leopard, who had cumulatively killed over a thousand people. His success in slaying the man-eaters earned him much respect and fame amongst the people residing in the villages of Kumaon, many of whom considered him to be a saint or sadhu because of his simple, dedicated and honest lifestyle. After his retirement, he authored The Maneaters of Kumaon, Jungle Lore, and other books recounting his hunts and experiences. Corbett’s stories became best-sellers because he narrated tales bubbling with spine-chilling reality in simple and enjoyable language.
Corbett had great admiration for tigers and photographed them avidly in his later years. His attraction towards the uncorrupted beauty of nature in the wild started in his childhood. He could identify the call of most animals and birds from a very young age, owing to his frequent visits to the wild. He never shot a tiger or a leopard unless it turned a man-eater. Corbett was a pioneer conservationist and lectured at local schools and societies to create awareness about the need to respect the wild.
A great human being who would even risk his own life for saving somebody else’s, Corbett continued to write and sound the alarm about the declining numbers of jungle cats till the last days of his life at Nueri, Kenya. He was distressed when people described the tiger as a blood-thirsty’ and ‘cruel’ beast. He refers to his childhood when a child freely roaming about the forest often ended meeting a tiger, the latter giving him a clear, ‘Hello child, what the hell are you doing here?” look and walking away.
. “”a tiger is a large-hearted gentleman with boundless courage and that when he is exterminated-as exterminated he will be unless public opinion rallies to his support-India will be the poorer, having lost the finest of her fauna,””- Jim Corbett had written. This quotation also makes it very obvious that Corbett had great respect for India and Indians. When you read his description of his experiences with men like Bala Singh in his stories or read about the manner in which he could identify the distinct grieving of an Indian wife for her husband, you know why he is still so revered. Corbett passed away on 19 April 1955. The Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand is named after him.
Life of Jim corbett:
In childhood, he has a deep fascination for the forests and wildlife, and due to his interest in wildlife, he became a good tracker and hunter with time. Due to his amazing skill of tracking and hunting, he was often sought after by the then government of the united province to track and kill the tiger and leopard who becomes a man-eater. Even though he was the skilled hunter, he never killed any wild animal other than man-eaters.After many years as a celebrated hunter, he then developed a hobby of wildlife photography, especially, recording films of tigers in their natural habitat. He also used to give lectures on the rich natural heritage of India and the importance of the conservation of forests and wildlife to the school students.
He also penned his experience as a hunter and written many books on wildlife and hunting experiences. His most famous book was Man-Eaters of Kumaon that intensely portrayed his own hunting adventures. Many movies, TV episodes and documentaries have been made that are based on this critically acclaimed book.Later in his life, Jim Corbett started a movement to conserve the wild animals and forests. He strongly supported the All-India Conference for the Preservation of Wildlife and promoted the foundation of the Association for the Preservation of Game in the United Provinces. He also used his influence over the provincial government and lead the path that cleared the establishment of the first national park in India, the Hailey National Park, named after the Lord Malcolm Hailey in 1930s. The name later changed to the Jim Corbett National Park after the independence of India in 1957 in the honor of the legendary Jim Corbett.
The United States, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan have agreed to establish a new quadrilateral diplomatic platform to enhance regional connectivity. The US State Department announced the setting up of the new diplomatic platform on July 16, 2021 to help strengthen economic connectivity across the region. The department announced that representatives from Washington, Kabul, Islamabad, and Tashkent had agreed, in principle, to establish a new quadrilateral diplomatic platform focused on enhancing regional connectivity.
“The parties consider long-term peace and stability in Afghanistan critical to regional connectivity and agree that peace and regional connectivity are mutually reinforcing,” the State Department said. Afghanistan’s strategic location has for a long time been touted as a competitive advantage for the country.
This development comes as the security situation in Afghanistan has been deteriorating following the withdrawal of US military forces from the country. The drawdown is set to be complete by the end of August. As the Taliban continues to seize new territory, US officials have been engaged in talks with countries neighboring Afghanistan to support the Afghan defense forces. Other south and central Asian countries are also engaged in talks to advance peace talks.
The new quad group’s formation is significant as it comes amid China’s efforts to extend its Belt Road Initiative (BRI) to Afghanistan. The Belt Road Initiative was launched by Chinese President Xi Jinping when he came to power in 2013. The Belt Road Initiative aims to link Southeast Asia, Central Asia, the Gulf region, Africa and Europe with a network of land and sea routes. Afghanistan due to its strategic location can provide China with a strategic base to spread its influence across the world. Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan had visited Uzbekistan in the past week for an official two-day visit during which he highlighted the benefits of regional connectivity and invited the nation to become party to China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
Pegasus is a spyware program developed by the Israeli business NSO Group that may gather data from mobile phones. Stating simply, It is a type of malware that infects iPhones and Android smartphones, allowing its users to extract texts, images, and emails, as well as record calls and covertly activate microphones.
Pegasus was found to be spying on roughly 50,000 phone numbers throughout the world, according to a worldwide investigation. Out of which 300 of them being confirmed Indian numbers. According to an investigation into a large data breach, authoritarian regimes have targeted human rights activists, journalists, and attorneys all around the world using hacking tools provided by the Israeli spy business NSO Group. In India, the phone numbers include of the legal community, businesspeople, government officials, scientists and acitivists. According to THE WIRE, Over 40 journalists, three major opposition figures, one constitutional authority, two serving ministers in the Narendra Modi government, current and former heads and officials of security organizations, and scores of businesspeople are among those in the database and their names would be soon released in the upcoming days. Newspapers like, The Guardian and The Washington Post, among others, released important facts showing the extent of what they dubbed “global surveillance operations” using Pegasus. The NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden tweeted on Sunday that this “spill” might be “the tale of the year.”
So basically, all we have to know is how Pegasus operates and how does it actually work. So after it is installed, it may collect data from emails, text messages such as SMS, WhatsApp conversations, phone records, contact lists, and GPS data and send it to the attacker. It can also activate a microphone, call recorder, and camera to give the attacker with surveillance capabilities. Forensic examinations on certain phones linked to the target numbers found unmistakable indications of Pegasus malware targeting and this task made simpler by the fact that the device was an Apple iPhone.
However, The Israeli firm that distributes Pegasus, NSO Group, disputed the claims, claiming that it only sells its spyware to “vetted countries.” Representatives claimed the business was “considering a defamation action” after allegations that it sold malware to intelligence, military, and law-enforcement organizations in 40 nations. On the other hand, the government of India also denied any involvement in the hacking, claiming that “the claims about government monitoring on individual people have no solid basis or truth linked with it whatsoever.” They also released a statement which states that in the past, similar accusations were made regarding the Indian State’s use of Pegasus on WhatsApp. In the Supreme Court, all parties, including WhatsApp, explicitly rejected the reports. They also said that this press release looks to be a similar fishing expedition, based on speculation and exaggeration in order to discredit India’s democracy and institutions.
Nevertheless, Pegasus was reportedly used to target journalists and human rights activists in India by Facebook-owned WhatsApp in 2019, according to a few sources. This information was revealed in a lawsuit filed in a US court in San Francisco by WhatsApp.
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