tips to answer some of the difficult job interview questions

Are you still afraid to face the Job interview or, you have been to many job interview but have not crack it yet because of few difficult question coming on you way ,that you find hard to answer ,than you are at the right article. Job interviews have always been a matter of stress for many people, as either they got nervous or had came across with few difficult questions such as Why should I hire you , Why do you want this job , Where do you see your self , etc which make them loss the interview .The reason why these question seems to be difficult to answer by many people is that there is not any accurate answer to these ,i.e the answer to these question mainly differ from person to person , so you have to formulate these as per the situation , and requirement.

Most of the time your HR expect you answer in a certain way when ask these question , and as it was way too difficult to predict exactly what the next person is expecting , you obviously can’t read someone’s mind but you can follow certain tips to answer in the best way . So here are the few tips to answer few common difficult question in the right way .

1.Tell me something about yourself

You must be wondering why did I choose this question as many of must have known , how to answer this one , well that might be true too , but trust me there is alot more you need to know as to how this question should be answer and avoid few common mistakes that you might be making. This question can either make your first impression go good or can end up messing ,so if you want to make a strong first impression do follow these 2 tips , if you have been following these well and good but if not that consider doin it .

  • Do not prefer starting by saying “MY NAME IS …” as your name is already know it is there the first thing the HR have read , so why repeating it again instead say “As you already know my name ” and proceed with your qualification .
  • Telling about the Hobbies well this is the main part as this tell alot about you , the answer to this question need to be framed in such a way that it connect with the job requirement indirectly you are applying for , such as if you are applying for the Graphic Designer post than do say my hobbies are doing sketches or art or something related with colors , in this way you can connect your answer with the post .

2. Where do you see yourself in next five years

You must have came across with this question and must find it a little difficult to answer . This question is generally ask to know whether the candidate have a long vision with the company or not , whether his/her goals matches up with the the company , or he / she is just taking this job as an alternative , so your answer should be in such a way that it gives them the assurity that your goals and the companies goals are on the same path and you had a long interest in the company . The 2 tips to formulate this answer to give assurity are .

  • Firstly do a through research about the company and the vacancy you had applies for , as this will help you to draw an outline of your position in the company in the best way in the next five years.
  • secondly try to break your plans , i.e , instead of saying directly you will be at this position in the next five years , say it by breaking your plans as such , in the next year I will be doing this good to the company , in the other 2 I will try to bring something new , or in the other two I will be at this position , so in this way try to break your plans this will give a good impression.

3. Why do you want this Job

Most of you must have came across with this question or if you have not you will be . Well this one requires your passion for the Job it need to be shown ,you need to be unique and clever enough to impress your HR with your answer . So here are the 2 tips to make you stand out with your answer .

  • Make sure you frame this answer in points to describe why do you want this job and do try to tell them about the best thing in the company that attract you the most towards it .
  • Get your skill set formulated in your answer in such a way that proves the benefit you could provide to the company , make sure your skill set do get matches up the company’s requirements .

4. Why should I hire you

Well this one can either help you to make your interview or may break it . This question has alot in it , as this gives the reason to your HR why do they prefer you out of the others and if you answer it in a way like , I should be hire because I am dedicated , or disciplined , or creative , or hardworking , etc than you are giving it a wrong shot . These are very common words used by all the peoples so what’s so new about you. The 2 tips that will help you to give this question the right shot are .

  • Try to add that qualities in your answer that are required in the Job , the qualities that are written in the job description , the skill that were mention try to frame them in your answer . for example it as mention that “the candidate need to know all the programming in any software developer post “, so try to add all the programming language in your answer so that they know you know all of them pretty well .
  • Always prefer to support your answer with some examples of your practical usage of skill in any event , competition , or at any place where you have practically used them , this will gives the surety to your HR that you genuinely had all the skill that are requires for that job.

5. What is you Salary expectation

Always kind of found this answer the most difficult to answer as you are not sure what to ask for as your pay scale ,what if that amount was higher than the normal range , that the company usually offer for that job , or what if you choose an amount that was less than the normal pay scale of the company .Don’t worry I have a solution for the the 2 tips that will help you to give this answer perfectly are .

  • Do have a detailed research of the average pay scale of that post offered by the company since 3 year back so that you will get an idea about the increment they had in that pay scale in the past 3 year and also do prefer to research about the average pay scale of that post in the market also , so that you can come with with the right amount as per your worth .
  • Don’t just tell them the exact amount (say $30k) instead come up with a certain range in which that amount lies so that you will get what you want ,decide that range in such a way so that they cant pay you less than what you want as per your worth (say $28k -$35k).

Well these are the few tips that might help you to formulate your answer to these difficult question that were commonly asked .Do comment down below which one you find the ” difficult one” to answer .

Turmeric: The golden herb

Turmeric or Haldi is a herb that is so commonly used in Indian households that it is taken for granted that no home in India lacks it. It is used as a spice in food, as a home remedy for an injury or cough cold etc in milk or for application on wounds

The active constituent of turmeric is curcumin which has several medicinal properties. According to research done in USA, it is found that turmeric has antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activities and also has a potential to reduce the risk of various malignant disease, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and other chronic illness including rheumatoid arthritis.

There are several benefits of the super food, turmeric –

1. PREVENTS HEART DISEASE: Curcumin improves endothelial function that covers the inside of the heart and blood vessels, protects age-related loss of function, and reduces your likelihood of developing heart disease.

2. PREVENTS DIABETES: Curcumin contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that lead to a significant decrease in blood sugar, prevent diabetic nephropathy, as well as increase plasma insulin.

3. TREATS DEPRESSION: Researchers suggest that curcumin boost levels of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and shows greater antidepressant effects and is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder.

4. SUPPORTS SKIN HEALTH: Curcumin contains antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that help to treat a variety of skin conditions like acne, atopic dermatitis, photoaging, and psoriasis.

5. PROTECTS FROM FREE RADICALS: Curcumin protects your body against damage caused by free radicals that are generated in our bodies caused by environmental pollutants like cigarette smoke, liquors, and industrial chemicals.

6. BOOSTS IMMUNITY: Turmeric is anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-fungal properties that protect the human body from a variety of infections and boosts immunity.

7. TREATS ARTHRITIS: Curcumin contains inflammatory properties that are an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease, which spreads to the eyes, lungs, skin, heart, and blood vessels and ultimately lead to physical disabilities.

How to extract maximum benefits from turmeric –

1. Curcumin is also fat-soluble, which means it breaks down and dissolves in fat or oil. No wonder then, it was added to a meal being cooked with ghee and fats. Also, it is often used as a drink in milk at night.

2. Turmeric tea, brewed using grated turmeric root or pure powder, is considered one of the most effective ways to consume the spice.

3. Since, curcumin is poorly absorbed in bloodstream, it is when taken with pepper enhances the absorbtion of curcumin by 2000 percent while making it more effective.

4. To prepare Haldi Chai or Turmeric Tea, you can use 2 teaspoons of ground Haldi powder in about four cups of water – boiling for about 10 minutes before straining it. You can flavor it with honey and whole milk, or cream, coconut oil or ghee to dissolve curcumin and make it available for absorption by the body.

5. Now various supplements of turmeric are also available in the market but it is advisable to consult with the doctor for the same.

Robotics and AI


What is AI Robot?
AI Robots square measure the bogus agents acting within the real-world atmosphere.
Objective
Artificial Intelligence automaton is aimed toward manipulating the objects by perceiving, picking, moving, destroying it.

What is Robotics?
Robotics could be a branch of AI, that consists of various branches and application of robots.
Components of AI automaton
To buid AI automaton we want we want
a. Power offer
As AI robots square measure high-powered by batteries, alternative energy, hydraulic.
b. Actuators
We use this to convert energy into movement.
c. electrical motors (AC/DC)
We need this for the movement movement.
d. gas Air Muscles
As we will say that they contract nearly four-hundredth once the air is sucked in them.
e. Muscle Wires
Although, we’ve detected that it contract by five-hitter once an electrical current is well-versed them.
f. Piezo Motors and inaudible Motors
Basically, we have a tendency to use it for industrial robots.
g. Sensors
Generally, we have a tendency to use it in task atmosphere. because it provides info of period data.
How AI Robotic Vacuums Work?
There square measure those folks World Health Organization clean once per week, and there square measure those folks World Health Organization clean once the in-laws return to go to. The attractiveness of the robotic vacuum reaches each camps. Either way, the home is a touch additional speckless with marginal human input.
Today’s computing robotic vacuums square measure a so much cry from the primary models. that you simply had to trace down, stranded somewhere in your house, by their melancholy, “I’m out of power” beeping.

The latest product clean your house, keep in mind the layout to extend potency. Also, dump their own dirt in a very receptacle and realize their approach back to the charging station in order that they will rejoice
The distinction in automaton System and AI Programs
Here is that the distinction between computing vs Robot:
a. AI Programs
Usually, we have a tendency to use to work them in computer-simulated worlds.
Generally, Associate in Nursing input is given within the style of symbols and rules.
Basically, to work this we want general purpose computers.
b. Robots
Generally, we have a tendency to use robots to work within the real physical world.
Basically, inputs square measure given within the style of the analog signal within the style of the speech undulation.
Also, to work this, special hardware with sensors and effectors square measure required
Applications of computing AI
a. Industries
Generally, we have a tendency to use AI automaton in industries for numerous functions. like handling material, cutting, welding, color coating, drilling, polishing, etc.
b. Medicine
Generally, AI Robots square measure terribly useful. As they’re capable of concluding many clinical tests.
c. Exploration
Basically, for mountaineering, house exploration we have a tendency to use AI automaton.
d. amusement
For flick creating, Disney’s engineers have created many AI automaton.
So, this was all concerning computing automaton. Hope you prefer our clarification.

THE ART MACHINE- JAMINI ROY

The great artist and his great creation

On 11th April of 1887 at Beliatore in Bankura,West Bengal the great Jamini Roy was born. His family was a simple middle class land-owner bengali family. He grew up with a lot of love for painting. His father , Ramanath Roy resigned Jamini Roy from the Government services  and was admitted to the Government College of Art in 1903 when he was 16 years only.

When he took admission in Art College then Abanindranath Tagore , the founder of Bengal School , was vice-principal of this college.Mr. Roy was taught under Abanindranath Tagore’s teaching. He was taught to print in the prevailing academic tradition by Abanindranath Tagore. He taught classical nudes and oil painting. In 1908 he finished his course and got a Diploma in Fine Art. 

Jamini Roy started his painting with the western cultural art but his heart wanted to create something folk style traditional painting. He had a huge interest in traditional cultural  painting. Actually he got inspiration from ‘Kalighat Pat’ which is a kind of ‘Patachitra’ and it is drawn by bold sweeping brush-strokes. 

In the 1st stage of his career he painted portraits for commission but in depth he felt he was not satisfied with this. After that in 1925, he saw the ‘Kalighat Pat’ and was inspired by its style of painting.

Mr. Roy painted 20,000 paintings in his life for which he is famous by calling ‘Art Machine’. He focused always on the middle class culture or lifestyle for his painting. He believed that middle class ordinary people are more important than the higher class’ or Government because middle class people are the voice of his art. He did respect them too much. 

He had three motives: to capture the simplicity of middle class people in their daily life, to make them accessible to all over the people in India and lastly to give a own identity to the Indian Art. 

In 1938, it was his 1st art exhibition in Kolkata. In 1940, his painting came to a new light and became famous . He mixed up the Bengali middle class and the European community and it was the center of his art. After that in 1946 and in 1953 his art exhibited in London and New York City. His art was exhibited on international platforms and he was awarded by ‘Padma Bhusan’ in 1954. For most of his life he worked in Kolkata. We can see his art in many private and public collections like the London, Victoria and Albert museum .

He liked to introduce himself as a ‘Patua’. His art collection is wonderful . In 1946, ‘Ramayana’ spread across 17 canvases. This painting is now displayed in the National Art Gallery .Jamini Roy created the ‘Dual Cats With One Crayfish’ series in 1968. In 1952 the ‘Bird and Two Companions’ standed out for its majestic indigo of Bengal. Besides these, ‘Crucifixion With Attendant Angels’ , ‘Krishna And Balaram’, ‘ Santal Boy With Drum’, ‘Krishna And Radha Series’ ‘Makara’, ‘St. Ann And The Blessed Virgin’, ‘Seated Woman In Sari’, ‘ Nol O Damayanti’ etc are famous creations .He was awarded by Viceroy’s gold medal in 1934 and Fellow of the Lalit Akademi in 1935. Unfortunately this wonderful personality passed away on 24rth April, 1972. 

THE GREAT ART OF JAMINI ROY

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION:

Ecological succession is process that describes how the structure of a biological community (that is, an interacting group of various species in a desert, forest, grassland, marine environment, and so on) changes over time.Ecological succession is the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. Nothing remains the same and habitats are constantly changing.

There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary.There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary.

Primary succession is the series of community changes which occur on an entirely new habitat which has never been colonized before. For example, a newly quarried rock face or sand dunes.

Secondary succession is the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. For example, after felling trees in a woodland, land clearance or a fire.

The Major Points:

The species living in a particular place gradually change over time as does the physical and chemical environment within that area.Succession takes place because through the processes of living, growing and reproducing, organisms interact with and affect the environment within an area, gradually changing it.Each species is adapted to thrive and compete best against other species under a very specific set of environmental conditions.

If these conditions change, then the existing species will be outcompeted by a different set of species which are better adapted to the new conditions.The most often quoted examples of succession deal with plant succession. It is worth remembering that as plant communities change, so will the associated micro-organism, fungus and animal species. Succession involves the whole community, not just the plants.Change in the plant species present in an area is one of the driving forces behind changes in animal species.

This is because each plant species will have associated animal species which feed on it. The presence of these herbivore species will then dictate which particular carnivores are present.The structure or ‘architecture’ of the plant communities will also influence the animal species which can live in the microhabitats provided by the plants.Changes in plant species also alter the fungal species present because many fungi are associated with particular plants.

more Succession is directional. Different stages in a particular habitat succession can usually be accurately predicted.These stages, characterised by the presence of different communities, are known as ‘seres’.Communities change gradually from one sere to another. The seres are not totally distinct from each other and one will tend to merge gradually into another, finally ending up with a ‘climax’ community.Succession will not go any further than the climax community. This is the final stage.

This does not however, imply that there will be no further change. When large organisms in the climax community, such as trees, die and fall down, then new openings are created in which secondary succession will occur.Many thousands of different species might be involved in the community changes taking place over the course of a succession. For example, in the succession from freshwater to climax woodland.The actual species involved in a succession in a particular area are controlled by such factors as the geology and history of the area, the climate, microclimate, weather, soil type and other environmental factors.

Importance of Personal Boundaries

Personal Boundaries are important because they set the basic guidelines on how you want to be treated. It is essential to have personal boundaries in order to have healthy relationships. A healthy personal boundary is when you’re confident enough to say no to others when it is necessary, but it also means that you’re comfortable enough to open up to someone you’re close with.

Listed below are a few types of important personal boundaries:

1. Material Boundaries

Material boundaries refer to setting limits on lending or borrowing material possessions like money, clothes and other personal belongings. Healthy Material Boundaries involves setting limits to what you will share and with whom.

Material boundaries look like:

  • Being careful of whom you lend money to
  • Limiting sharing personal hygiene items like lip balm, clothes, etc.
  • Not spending time with people who do not respect your time

Material boundaries are violated when:

  • your things are destroyed or stolen or when they are “borrowed” too frequently.
  • Another material violation is the use of materials to manipulate and control relationships.

2. Emotional Boundaries

Emotional boundaries deals with people’s feelings and energy. It refers to how much emotional energy you can take in at a moment. A healthy emotional boundary involves knowing when to share and not share personal information and feelings and limiting sharing it with people who respond poorly.

Emotional boundaries look like:

  • Needing time to cool off after an argument
  • Not allowing people to shame or belittle you
  • Being honest to others about your emotional state

Emotional boundaries are violated when:

  • Your feelings are dismissed and criticized
  • Not respecting your personal space
  • asking people to justify their feelings
  • emotionally dumping on people without their permission
  • Telling other people how they feel

3. Physical Boundaries

Personal physical boundaries refers to the area immediately surrounding the body. A healthy physical boundaries refers to an understanding of who is allowed to come near our personal space. Physical boundary ranges from public space, social space, personal space to intimate space where nobody should be allowed without your consent.

Physical boundaries look like:

  • Choosing your comfortable level of physical intimacy (hugging, shaking hands
  • Setting a boundary of space with the people you live with
  • Asking people to respect your privacy

Physical boundaries are violated when:

  • Strangers initiate physical contact
  • Not knocking your room before they enter
  • Ridicule you for setting your boundaries

4. Sexual Boundaries

Sexual boundaries are very important in one’s life and are constantly under the threat of being violated. A healthy sexual boundary can be set by understanding the difference between ‘good touch’ and ‘bad touch’. Violation of this boundary can gravely affect someone’s life.

Sexual boundaries look like:

  • Always ensuring that both parties consent to the act
  • understanding that it is okay to say ‘no’ at any given time
  • Knowing whom to share intimate personal information with

Sexual boundaries are violated when:

  • Someone forces themselves onto you without consent
  • asking intrusive questions about your sexuality
  • sharing your intimate information about you without your consent

5. Spiritual Boundaries

We live in a society where many different religions are beliefs are followed. Spiritual boundaries refer to understanding that everyone has right to choose and believe in a religion. A healthy spiritual boundary involves respecting each other’s beliefs and their methods of portraying it.

Spiritual Boundaries look like:

  • Choosing whom to share your beliefs with
  • Following your own teachings and traditions
  • Not allowing people to abuse you for your beliefs

Spiritual Boundaries are violated when:

  • Going to a place of worship against your consent
  • Being forced into someone else’s beliefs
  • Being ridiculed for your beliefs

Setting up personal boundaries should be a priority in our lives as it plays an important role in coexisting harmoniously within the society.

Reference Links:

Health Problems Related To Stress And Their Remedies

1.Heart disease:

Stress can directly increase heart rate and blood flow, and causes the release of cholesterol into the blood stream. It’s also possible that stress is related to other problems like an increased likelihood of smoking or obesity that indirectly increase the heart risks.

Doctors do know that sudden emotional stress can be a trigger for serious cardiac problems, including heart attacks. People who have chronic heart problems need to avoid acute stress and learn how to successfully manage life’s unavoidable stresses as much as they can.

2. Asthma:

Many studies have shown that stress can worsen asthma. Some evidence suggests that a parent’s chronic stress might even increase the risk of developing asthma in their children. One study looked at how parental stress affected the asthma rates of young children who were also exposed to air pollution or whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. The kids with stressed out parents had a substantially higher risk of developing asthma.

3. Obesity:

Excess fat in the belly seems to pose greater health risks than fat on the legs and unfortunately, that’s just where people with high stress seem to store it.

4. Diabetes: 

Stress can worsen diabetes in two ways. First, it increases the likelihood of bad behaviors, such as unhealthy eating and excessive drinking. Second, stress seems to raise the glucose levels of people with type 2 diabetes directly.

5. Headaches:

Stress is considered one of the most common triggers for headaches. Not just tension headaches, but migraines as well.

6. Depression and anxiety: 

It’s probably no surprise that chronic stress is connected with higher rates of depression and anxiety. One survey of recent studies found that people who had stress related to their jobs like demanding work had an 80% higher risk of developing depression within a few years than people with lower stress.

7. Stomach problems: 

In some people, stress slows down digestion, causing bloating, pain and constipation, while in others it speeds it up, causing diarrhoea and frequent trips to the loo. Some people lose their appetite completely. Stress can also worsen digestive conditions like stomach ulcers and irritable bowel syndrome.

8. Alzheimer’s disease: 

Stress might worsen Alzheimer’s disease, causing its brain damage to become more quickly. Some researchers speculate that reducing stress has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease.

9. Accelerated aging: 

Stress can cause wrinkles to form because high amounts of cortisol, the stress hormone, can break down the skin’s collagen and elastin. Research has found that chronic stress can increase inflammation, causing skin aging and accelerating the formation of wrinkles.

10. Premature death:

Stress and depression can take a dangerous toll on the health of people with heart problems. People who had high levels of both stress and depression were 48 percent more likely to die or have a heart attack during the study period, compared with the group that had low levels of stress and depression. 

A number of strategies can help to reduce stress levels and improve well-being. Some methods for managing stress include:

1.Understanding the signs and symptoms: 

These indications can vary, but if a person can recognize their own signals of stress, they will be better able to manage them.

2. Speaking to friends and family:

They can provide emotional support and the motivation to take action.

3. Identifying triggers:

It is not always possible to avoid triggers of stress. However, taking note of specific triggers can help a person to develop coping and management strategies, which may involve reducing exposure.

4. Exercising regularly:

Physical activity increases the body’s production of endorphins, which are chemicals that boost the mood and reduce stress. Exercise can involve walking, cycling, running, working out, or playing sports.

5. Trying mindfulness:

People who practice this form of meditation use breathing and thought techniques to create an awareness of their body and surroundings. Mindfulness can have a positive impact on stress, anxiety, and depression.

6. Improving sleep quality:

Getting too little sleep or sleep of poor quality can contribute to stress. Try to get at least 7 hours every night, and set regular times for going to sleep and waking up. Avoid caffeine, eating, and intense physical activity in the hours before bed.

It can also help to unwind before sleeping, by listening to music, reading a book, taking a warm bath, or meditating. 

WHAT IS EVIDENCE?

Basically many people will think that evidence is nothing but proof supporting a claim or belief. but for public health interventions, evidence typically refers to the effectiveness of an intervention in achieiving an outcome that will create lasting changes in the health of the population. this evidence is usually published in scientific literature such as in professional journals, books or governament reports.

As a result many public health professionals have found other ways to describe or demonstrate the effectiveness of their interventions. the terms best practise, promising practise, exemplary practise, and model intervention are also used interchangebly with evidence in publiv health settings. this recommendations may be based on evidence that the intervention has been developed, implemented and evaluted according to behavioral science theories or models that have been successfull in creating changes in health related outcomes in other communities. it may seems obvious that there must be a legal concept of evidence that is distinguishable from the ordinary concept of evidence. after all there are in law many special rules on what can or cannot be introduced as evidence in the court, on how evidence is to be presented and the uses to which it may be put, on the strength or sufficiency of evidence proof and so forth. but the law remains silent on some crucial matters. in resolving the factual disputes before the court the jury or at a bench trail the judge has to relay on extra legal principles.

A PROFESSION IN AGRICULTURE- WHY NOT?

After many years agriculture has been referred to as an ageing profession with a majority of young people choosing it as the last opinion. at previous years many of the people were thinking a lot for choosing agriculture profession because the people in the society were thinking that if they choose agriculture profession many of them would not give us value and they may degrade us. this is the inner feeling of the people to do not choose the agriculture profession. but now a days if we ask the people in their formative years what they want to be when they growup and intial answers like doctors, engineers, pilots, will most definely float in the air. this begs the question is agriculture not a good profession especially given in the growing global population that needs to be fed?

Agriculture is not only important in the provision of the nutrients to man, but also plays a key role in landscapes restatement. growing up in farm are fascinated everyday basis made him realise he was cut out to be a farmer. some young professionals draw a completely different pictures. main challenge facing in agriculture field is farmers really dont know the value of themselves. they would love to be independent but there is no way out of the system

Why do we need taxes?

Taxes constitute a major source of revenue for modern governments. The total revenues of modern states besides tax revenues, non–tax revenues, customs and excise duties etc. also constitute parts of the revenue system. Tax revenues are important and useful as they do not create any liability to the state. Taxation is the only practical means of raising the revenue to finance government spending on the goods and services that most of us demand. Setting up an efficient and fair tax system is, however, far from simple, particularly for developing countries. 

Purpose of Taxation: Taxation is an important part of the national economic development. It serves many purposes, which are as follows: 

1. Pace of Economic Development: Tax policy can affect the pace of economic development and the way the rewards of that development are distributed. 

2. Improvement of Different Sectors: Collection of revenue helps to improve the performance of different sectors of the country. It cannot perform its administrative and development activities without collection of revenue. It is the main objective of tax. 

3. Redistribution of Income: It means the transfer of income from some individuals to others caused by progressive tax. Such redistribution from rich to poor reduces inequality. This can be accomplished by increasingly higher taxes, for example, estate and income tax. 

4. Correction of Externalities: Taxes can correct externalities and other forms of market failure such as monopoly. The purpose of taxes is to enable the government to regulate social welfare activities and to create a market to induce such activities. Also, government spending by using collection of taxes by increasing productive capacity and thus overcoming market failure. For example, health care may lead to a more healthier and productive workforce. 

5. Import Taxes: Import taxes may control imports and therefore help the country’s international balance of payments and protect industries from overseas competition. Indigenous industries may be awarded protection by way of taxation with the help of imposition of high custom duties on foreign goods.

Objectives and Principles of Tax: 

1. Tax as a Percentage of GDP: The current economic turmoil and recession requires special measures from governments. Degrees of taxation must be clearly stated as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product. Substantial tax gains show that there is quite a lot of burden on individuals as well as business houses. There must be an appraisal done before a tax is levied to question the requirement for new regulations and to set up a precise and up-to-date estimate of costs.  

2. Tax Simplification and Stability: Tax legislation and operation should be simple and straightforward to understand and comply with. To avoid too much time consumption in coping up with tax compliance, the volume of legislation must be kept to a minimum. Amendments in tax law, especially those that are opposite to earlier tax breaks or incentives that were the basis of business planning, must be reduced as much as possible.  

3. Openness, Transparency and Accountability: Tax policies should be transparent and without bias, but for a part of a declared discriminatory policy such as one required for promoting new businesses. There is a wider political question about the extent to which it is appropriate to use taxation as an instrument of social policy, for example, penalising smoking by heavy duties or environmental taxes to mitigate climate change.  

4. Certainty: This principle has been given by Adam Smith and explained earlier. The law should be framed in such a way that its interpretation must be the same whosoever analyses it. Authorities must be capable to amend and alter long established practices to which businesses are used to. Taxpayers must have certainty over Revenue authorities’ interrelations. 

5. Tax Competitiveness: The globalisation of business implies that every nation must make sure that its tax rates are competitive and its administration user friendly. Tax is a significant issue and a deciding factor in setting up a business. 

6. The tax base of a nation is more important than its rate. For instance, the headline corporate tax.

7. Efficiency: Efficient tax systems need to be developed so that the amounts due to the government can be collected without any delay, avoidance or evasion. Such efficiency would prevent the build-up of a black economy on one hand, and help the taxpayers in tax payment procedure on the other. 

Hence, a tax system that is rational, equitable and simple needs to be created. To promote growth, a stable revenue stream is needed so that inequalities are reduced and economic sustainability is achieved.

KOODIYATTAM

Koodiyattam


• One of the most ancient living theatrical traditions from Kerala.

• Antiquity of Koodiyattam goes to 10 the century A.D.

• King Kulasekhara Varma structured this art and
employed his own Sanskrit plays Tapatisamvaranam
& Subhadradhananjayam for the repertory.

• Koodiyattam finds its expression in ‘Koottambalam’ which means auditorium.

• Practiced and propagated by the Chakkiar community (also known by the name – Chakkiar Kootu).

• Women and men participate.
• Inspiration from the classics of Natyasastra, Kalidasa, Bhasa, Sriharsha,
Pallava Mahendra Varms, Kulasekhara, Saktibhadra etc.


Performance:

• Stage adoption is elaborate • Koodiyattam adheres to the acting technique elaborately described in Bharata’s Natyasastra, the basic book of Indian Dance.

• Also follow the stage manuals:
Attaprakaram, Karma Dipika, Hastalakshana Dipika etc.

• Costume: semi realistic and the stage mannerisms
are highly stylized.

• Orchestra: Cymbals, idakkai and a unique percussion instrument ‘milavu’ and flute – the Nangyars (women) sing while the Nambiyars (male) play the instruments.

• Characters
 Chakyaar – actor
 Naambiyaar – instrumentalists
 Naangyaar – women’s roles
 Sutradhar – narrator
 Vidushak or jesters – protagonists
 Vidushak alone delivers the dialogues
• Even single acts of plays are treated as full-fledged plays and are subjected to an elaborate method of acting.

• There is a wide emphasis on hand gestures and eye movements – makes this dance and theatre form unique.

• Performance language: Sanskrit, Prakrit,classical Malayalam.

• Chanting and singing of Koodiyattam resembles the Vedic chanting tradition
of Kerala.

• Songs are set to several ancient ragas.

• Need for proactive intervention from the
Government.

• Krishnattam and Kathakali draw heavily fro Koodiyatam.

• Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO along with Mudiyettu.

My Little Childhood Friends Are No More..

Remember..Sparrows? Do you know when was the last time you saw them in bulk or even in a small group.

I recall being amazed at these little birds as a kid, the way they used to walk on the grounds here and there eating little chunks of food everywhere, listening their squeeky noices all around the whole day especially in the mornings, watching them build their nests. I couldn’t understand their chirping but each time I heard them it felt like they are talking to me, and I wished i could talk to them as well. Trying to play with birds was one of the favourite activities of every kid back in early centuries. And the best memory would surely be when these little cute creatures entered our classrooms in the morning chirping and flying around and the whole class would concentrate on it rather than the teacher.

However, as the times passed, everyone grew old and indulged into the race of life. We all forgot to find the happiness in those little things. But the worst part is we also forgot our responsibilities. Responsibilities towards nature, Environment and all the living organisms within. We humans became selfish. In order to make our lives easy, comfortable and full of luxuries and for several other purposes to benefit us we started snatching away even the basic necessities that is., their habitats from birds and all the other animals. Just because these organisms couldn’t express themselves or stand up for themselves or claim any properties on their own doesn’t mean they aren’t having a right to all these. The world, it’s environment including the space has been equally provided and rightfully belongs to all the living beings on this planet and we have no right to exclude any being from here for our profits.

STATE OF BIRDS IN INDIA OVER A PAST FEW YEARS.

According to the reports of, https://www.stateofindiasbirds.in/ over 867 species of birds have been assessed from over 10,00,000 observations contributed by 15,500 birdwatchers all over the country, 52% of species show clear decline over the past decades, there’s 100% increase in the abundance of peafowl across the country and 101 species are classified as of High Conservation Concern.

CAUSES OF THESE CIRCUMSTANCES

The Foremost major cause found for this increasing problem is ‘HUMAN’. Top Human activities causing these extinctions and deprivations in numbers of birds include increased Human population. The rapidly increasing population all over the country calls for increased requirement of space for human beings to settle and survive due to which the constructors generally tend to destruct the habitat of birds and animals ( basically, clearing out forests by deforestation or burning down the whole fields), excessive egg collection takes place for providing/ having fancy meals, highly increased number of vehicles being purchased for easier travelling and comfort, luxury and for proving high status by humans in a past few years have resulted in a huge hike in pollution levels which is continuously degrading the quality of air and creating more dangerous environment for birds to live and breathe in. Another reasons including bird trafficking done nationally and internationally for selling birds as food, pets, leather, etc. Using immense amounts of pesticides and herbicides on plants which are not only harmful for humans but also for birds as it damages or inculcate diseases inside their body leading to their deaths. Global warming done by us creates severe climatic changes which has an immense impact on bird extinction makes it difficult for them to survive. It also destroys their abilities to fight diseases.

Birds are also said to be sensitive to magnetic radiation. Increasing number of cell phones and network towers affect them severely as the over limit microwaves radiated by the towers are responsible to damange their eggs and embryos and it even affects and damages their brain cells up to an extent.

For example, one of the most popular extinct species of birds is DODO. It were flightless and mentally weak birds which lived solely on the island of Mauritius in Indian Ocean. It’s limited range, inability to fly and lack of exposure along with fear of humans contributed to it’s rapid extinction. Humans in 17th century took an advantage of these shortcomings of the speechless and helpless organsims and killed it huge numbers for food . This, resulting in its extinction.

ON THE CONTRARY..

There are hundreds of such examples of birds and animals being extinct due to selfish deeds of humans. Perhaps, we should be the ones to save, protect these organisms as only humans are the ones who are learned and know the actual importance of maintaing a balanced environment. There’s no choice of bringing back the already extincted ones so we can ‘ let the bygones be bygones’ and now as we are clearly acknowledged with the information of the quantity and kinds of bird population deprivation, necessity of protecting these species, pros and cons to of our methodologies and activities and what damage it causes and what preventive measures we could take unlike the people in earlier times all of us should on whole come up together and do our bit in saving our Country’s immense biodiversity.

CLIMATE CHANGE

“Saving our planet, lifting people out of poverty, advancing economic growth… these are one and the same fight. We must connect the dots between climate change, water scarcity, energy shortages, global health, food security, and women’s empowerment. Solutions to one problem must be solutions for all.”

Climate is sometimes mistaken for weather. But climate is different from weather because it is measured over a long period of time, whereas weather can change from day to day, or from year to year. The climate of an area includes seasonal temperature and rainfall averages, and wind patterns. Different places have different climates. A desert, for example, is referred to as an arid climate because little water falls, as rain or snow, during the year. Other types of climates include tropical climates, which are hot and humid, and temperate climates, which have warm summers and cooler winters.

Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place. Climate change could refer to a particular location or the planet as a whole. Climate change may cause weather patterns to be less predictable. These unexpected weather patterns can make it difficult to maintain and grow crops in regions that rely on farming because expected temperature and rainfall levels can no longer be relied on. Climate change has also been connected with other damaging weather events such as more frequent and more intense hurricanes, floods, downpours, and winter storms. In polar regions, the warming global temperatures associated with climate change have meant ice sheets and glaciers are melting at an accelerated rate from season to season. This contributes to sea levels rising in different regions of the planet. Together with expanding ocean waters due to rising temperatures, the resulting rise in sea level has begun to damage coastlines as a result of increased flooding and erosion.

The cause of current climate change is largely human activity, like burning fossil fuels, like natural gas, oil, and coal. Burning these materials releases what are called greenhouse gases into Earth’s atmosphere. There, these gases trap heat from the sun’s rays inside the atmosphere causing Earth’s average temperature to rise. This rise in the planet’s temperature is called global warming. The warming of the planet impacts local and regional climates. Throughout Earth’s history, climate has continually changed. When occurring naturally, this is a slow process that has taken place over hundreds and thousands of years. The human influenced climate change that is happening now is occurring at a much faster rate. To avoid the worst effects of climate change, we need to dramatically reduce global carbon emissions. But we must also prepare for the significant and unavoidable consequences of carbon emissions such as increasing temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, ocean acidification, sea level rise and the increasing intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. WWF works with local communities, governments and others around the world to help nature and people prepare for the many impacts of a changing climate. e are the first generation to feel the sting of climate change, and we are the last generation that can do something about it.

Job for everyone! Work from home

Are you looking for a job? Which should be your type!

Are you a student, graduate or intermediate?

Do you want to work from home?

Do you want a typing job or data entry jobs?

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4. Choose the first option and you will redirected to the website.

5. There will be two options on this website-

1- Hire

2- work as a freelancer

6. Choose option two for work.

7 . Add your details and register yourself.

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I hope this article was helpful to y! Go and find your type of job!

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PTSD

Always remember, if you have been diagnosed with PTSD, it is not a sign of weakness; rather, it is proof of your strength, because you have survived!.

People who have encountered or seen a traumatic incident such as a natural catastrophe, a major accident, a terrorist attack, war/combat, or rape, or who have been threatened with death, sexual assault, or significant injury, may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD affects approximately 3.5 percent of U.S. adults every year. Women are twice as likely as men to have the disorder problem. Latinos, African Americans and American Indians are disproportionately affected by the disease. It Is estimated that one in 11 people will be diagnosed with PTSD in their lifetime. People with this disorder have intense, disturbing thoughts and feelings related to their traumatic event that last long after the traumatic event has ended. People with PTSD may avoid situations or people that remind them of the traumatic experience. They may feel detached or estranged from other people. The symptoms include flashbacks, sadness, fear and anger. PTSD is a form of post-traumatic stress disorder. Symptoms can last for more than a month and cause significant distress or problems in daily functioning. Many individuals develop symptoms within three months of the trauma, but symptoms may persist for months and sometimes years. PTSD often occurs with depression, substance use, memory problems and other physical and mental health problems. 

Symptoms:-

  1. Intrusion:- Repetitive, involuntary recollections; unpleasant nightmares; or flashbacks to the traumatic incident are examples of intrusive thoughts. People may have flashbacks that are so vivid that they believe they are reliving or witnessing the terrible event.
  2. Alterations in arousal and reactivity:- Being impatient and having furious outbursts; acting recklessly or in a self-destructive manner; being too attentive of one’s surroundings in a suspicious manner; being easily startled; or having difficulty focusing or sleeping are all examples of arousal and reactive symptoms.
  3. Alterations in cognition and mood:- A person who has suffered a traumatic experience is unable to remember or express the negative thoughts and feelings leading to ongoing and distorted beliefs about oneself or others (e.g., “I am bad,” “No one can be trusted” are symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder.
  4. Avoidance:- Avoiding people, places, activities, items, and circumstances that may trigger painful memories is one way to prevent reminders of the traumatic experience. People may strive to forget or avoid recalling the unpleasant experience. They may be adamant about not discussing what occurred or how they feel about it.

Treatment:-

Not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD requires psychiatric treatment. The earlier a person gets treatment, the better chance of recovery. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be treatable and treatable with professional help.Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals use various effective (research-proven) methods to help people recover from PTSD. Both talk therapy and medication provide effective evidence-based treatments for PTSD. The most effective is cognitive behavior therapies (CBT), which is very effective.

  1. Cognitive Processing Theory:- Focuses on altering unpleasant negative feelings (such as shame, guilt, and others) and beliefs (such as “I have failed”; “the world is unsafe”) that have arisen as a result of the trauma. Therapists assist the individual in confronting such upsetting memories and feelings.
  2. Medication:- Can aid in the management of PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, the symptom alleviation that medicine offers helps many patients to participate in psychotherapy more successfully. The basic symptoms of PTSD are often treated with antidepressants. Other medicines may be used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients’ nightmares and sleep issues, as well as to reduce anxiety and physical agitation.
  3. Stress Inoculation Therapy:- Attempts to provide the individual with the required copying abilities to effectively fight against stressful triggers by exposing them to lower amounts of stress, similar to how a vaccination prevents infection following exposure to a disease.
  4. Prolonged Exposure Therapy:-Utilises safe, controlled exposures to symptom “triggers” or repeated, vivid imaginings of the trauma to help a person face and acquire control of anxiety and discomfort and learn to cope. Virtual reality programmes, for example, have been utilised to assist PTSD patients re-experience the battlefield in a safe and therapeutic way.
  5. Group Therapy:- Invites survivors of comparable horrific situations to talk about their feelings and experiences in a safe, non-judgmental environment. Members of the group assist one another in realising that many others would have reacted in the same way and had the same feelings. Because the behaviour and discomfort of the individual with PTSD can influence the entire family, family counselling may be beneficial.Interpersonal, supportive, and psychodynamic treatments, for example, focus on the emotional and interpersonal elements of PTSD. These might be beneficial for those who don’t want to be reminded of their experiences.
  6. Other treatments including complementary and alternative therapies:- Are also becoming more widely utilised to assist persons suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These methods of treatment are used outside of traditional mental health clinics and may involve less talking and disclosure than psychotherapy. Acupuncture and animal-assisted therapy are two examples.