Do Rats Laugh?
Do Rats Laugh?
CAUVERY RIVER
The Kaveri is an Indian river flowing through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Cauvery River rises in the Western Ghats and flows in eastwardly direction passing through the states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Pondicherry before it drains into Bay of Bengal.The total length of the river from source to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is about 800 km.The Cauvery basin extends over states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Union Territory of Puducherry draining an area of 81,155 Sq.km which is nearly 2.7% of the total geographical area of the country with a maximum length and width of about 560 km and 245 km.

Cauvery river is the largest river in tamil nadu occupying 765 km.The Kaveri is a sacred river to the people of South India and is worshipped as the Goddess Kaveriamma. The primary uses of the Kaveri is providing water for irrigation, water for household consumption and the generation of electricity.In February 2020, Tamil Nadu assembly passed bill to declare Cauvery Delta as Protected Agricultural Zone, includes Thanjavur, Thirvarur, Nagapattinam and five blocks in Cuddalore and Pudukottai. The bill fails to include Tiruchirappalli, Ariyalur and Karur which are geographically included in the Cauvery Delta.The cauvery river is the main source for the delta region for irrigation.It ends in the bay of Bengal.
On 22 June 2018, despite opposition from Karnataka, the Central government constituted the Cauvery Water Regulation Committee (CWRC) as per the provisions in the Kaveri Management Scheme laid down by the Supreme Court.
Acting on the Supreme Court’s direction, the Centre constituted a Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA) on 1 June 2018 to address the dispute over sharing of river water among Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Puducherry.The central government failed to adhere with the top court’s deadline of within six weeks of deliverance of judgement.
THEMES OF THE NOVEL “A TALE OF THE TWO CITIES” BY CHARLES DICKENS

While analyzing the themes of Charles Dickens’s 1859 historical fiction, A Tale of Two Cities it is apparent that the author has incorporated variety of themes in the novel. Through the beginning lines “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. . .” the chaotic society of eighteenth society is well depicted by Dickens. Even though the characters in the novel do not engage in many conversations, their actions strengthens the themes of this work.
Resurrection or rebirth is the major theme of the novel, which is presented from the beginning to the end of the novel. The first important resurrection is that of Sydney Carton’s. Sydney Carton’s resurrection and sacrifice gives new life to Lucie and her family. Carton is portrayed as a Christ like figure who dies to save the lives of the people he loves and reborn in their minds. The theme of resurrection comes again with respect to Dr Alexandre Manette, who is reborn into his previous life, from imprisonment and mental illness, with the love of his daughter Lucie. In Jerry Cruncher’s life also we can see the resurrection, who leaves the job of grave digging for his loved ones. These are the resurrection in
personal level. In the societal level, we can see the old status of France appears to give way to New France with the sacrifice of many revolutionaries. The revival of peace and a better society echoes throughout the novel. Sacrifice is the next dominant theme in A Tale of Two Cities . On a personal level sacrifice of Sydney Carton is most strongly visible. He gives importance to the happiness of Lucie and family and this encourages him to sacrifice his life. Carton does not have a family of his own and he lead an unproductive life throughout, so he haven’t offered much to the world. So he believes this act of sacrifice will redeem everything and make his life meaningful. Next factor which strengthens the theme of sacrifice is the revolution. Revolutionaries sacrifice their life to give a new society.
Violence and oppression is the next major theme. Even though Dickens’s seems to support the revolution, he emphasizes the sufferings caused by violence. Dickens sympathizes with the peasantry and emphasizes the need for liberation. But the strategy of peasants for overcoming this situation causes more violence and death of many innocent humans. The scenes of people sharpening their weapons in the grindstone, senseless killings of people and dance with weapons emphasizes the theme of violence and oppression.
Since the background of the novel is eighteenth century society Social Inequality and Class conflict are the next important theme. There are two classes in France, the peasants and the aristocrats. The aristocrats are portrayed as lazy, irresponsible, spoiled and heartless who does not have any regard for the peasants or lower section of the society. The social inequality is evident in the incident of the rape of the peasant woman by Marquis. And when the Marquis killed the son of Gaspard he is not subjected to any legal proceedings because he is from the aristocracy. The storming of Marquis’s castle is the symbol of the fall of aristocracy. Towards the end the situation reverse. The violent measures by the peasants arises as a result of long suffering. Even though Dickens supported revolution he portrayed both social class as equally violent and oppressive.
The theme of justice is intertwined with discrimination and injustice. Justice is presented literally by trails and imprisonments in the plot. The imprisonments of Darnay and Dr Manette are example of innocent people being subjected. As said earlier after the death of the son of Gaspard Marquis is not subjected to any legal proceedings. At this occasion justice is taken by individuals, like murder of Marquis by Madame Defarge as a revenge against Everemonde family.
Apart from these major themes Dickens focuses on themes of duality like light v/s darkness love v/s hatred with the comparison of two countries and the actions of the people there. While England remained as peaceful country, France goes through intense revolution. The contrast between these countries is progressed through the novel which intensifies the theme of light v/s darkness. Dr. Manette has been locked away in a dark prison for many years and lost his mind. Charles Darnay is struggling to right the wrongs done by Evremonde family. Sydney Carton is living his life unproductive and feels he has no purpose. So Lucie is the person who is considered as the light in their lives, who lead them to recovery and bring them out of darkness.
Revolution is the next major theme which is clearly apparent throughout the novel. The revolution and it’s impact on lives of many people is clearly portrayed. The sinners and innocent people, both are equally affected by revolution. The reversal of roles are the next theme. Towards the end of the novel the peasants who were poor in the beginning become more barbaric and cruel. And as a result of this the aristocrats suffer at the end. So this is an example of reversal of roles among peasants and aristocrats. On another level the replacement of Darnay by Carton in the prison is also an example for the reversal of roles. Apart from these, themes like family preservation, fate, love and hate are also included by Dickens. Through these themes author clearly reflects the society of eighteenth century.
Gadgets that will make your life easier!
With rapid industrialisation and innovation making its way through centuries. People living through them benefit widely due to employment opportunities and hi-tech gadgets being produced. We cannot imagine our lives today without our phones and it is rendered useless without a good internet connection. With the continuation of experiments and innovations, the boundaries of possibilities are being pushed and new gadgets arrive in the market that vow to make our lives easier.
We will be looking at such gadgets in the list below. Make sure to check them out!
1.Wireless earphones or earbuds
Nothing is more frustrating than grappling with tangled earphone wire when you need to listen to some music. Many tech giants have come with affordable solutions to this problem in the form of wireless earphones and earbuds. Yes, there are affordable options to choose from. You can also choose from a range of manufacturers to buy your wireless earphones as its a product competed for production by many popular brands.
Click here to find some affordable wireless earbuds.
2. Powerbank
With a portable powerbank in hand, you no longer need to worry about losing all the charge in your phone. Or your wireless pods if you own a pair. However, you will have to remember to charge the power bank to use it for its intended purpose. Apon charging it, your powerbank can sustain long enough to power your mobile phones over long journeys.
3. Streaming sticks
Streaming sticks are the modern solution for streaming video content on your television or computer using a Wifi or 4G internet connection. It comes with a remote as well to toggle through streaming services on your electronic devices. It works as an amazing alternative over set-top-boxes and cable TV connections.
Google Chromecast or Amazon FireTV can be viable options to look for while purchasing a streaming stick.
4. Go Pro
GoPros are tinier versions of a traditional camera that allows you to capture photos and videos while you are on the run. GoPro is basically a US based brand that has widely become synonymous with compact and portable cameras. These compact cameras from GoPro are expensive. But if you don’t mind spending extra for a YouTube video or to simply capture a worthwhile experience, you can give this a go!
5. Selfie stick
Works every time when you lack a tall friend in your group. This selfie stick can be a portable extension for your arm while taking selfies. Or groupfies!
6. Fitness tracker
The rest of the world might not be interested in knowing the steps you covered. But you would want to keep tabs on it. Fitbit wrist bands can do the job by notifying you about the number of steps you have covered. There are more complex alternatives such as smartwatch that come with GPS connectivity and waterproofing as well.
7. E- Reader
E-Readers don’t have the traditional glare you receive from your smartphones and computers. Thus, taking it easy on your eyes while you read your favorite book on one of them. You also have thousands of reading options to choose from on a single device.
8. A lost-stuff finder
Here comes a hi-tech gadget that will help you find your important stuff. It’s a small chip-like structure that you can place inside your wallet or clip it to your keys. When you lose track of your items, you can trigger a sound on the chip from your smartphone to find your lost items.
9. VR viewer
Get the experience of a virtual reality from Samsung gear VR or Google daydream view that can be operated from your smartphones. Because why not. There are tons of 360 degree videos and VR contents out there for you to witness.
10. Wireless Charging pad
If your smartphone supports wireless charging, getting a wireless charging pad will be worth it. It will definitely make your life easier by not having to look for adaptors or cables anymore. It also looks cool!
So these are some of the tech-gadgets mentioned that can make your life
easier.
References
World System And Dependency

Structural approaches of international relations, also known as ‘neo-radical approaches’, are of recent origin. Theories in support of these approaches were advocated by leftist writers who were deeply influenced by Marxism-Leninisim. The structural approaches, including the ‘World System Approach’ and the ‘Dependency Theory’, consider the world structure from the class point of view, based largely on the level of development and accumulation of capital. Western capitalist countries, having huge accumulation of capital, are termed as the centre or core of the world system, while third world countries, lacking development and capital, are called the periphery. We shall examine the concept of development and underdevelopment with reference to the centre versus periphery.
A reference may be made here to neo-realists, who also examine the international structure, but from the political angle. They describe the international structure as chaotic or anarchic because there is no all powerful central authority to discipline the nation states, and to resolve their disputes and maintain world peace. The leftists, on the other hand, largely concentrate on economic relations between the rich industrialized nations of the capitalist world on the one hand and the poor developing third world countries on the other. This chapter will discuss the centre-periphery aspect of development as advocated by the neo-radicals.
Economic Accumulation : The North-South Divide

There is enormous gap today between income levels in the world’s industrialized regions and those in the third world. The rich industrialized countries generally lie in the northern parts of the world, while the poor developing countries are in the south. This difference in the income levels has caused differences in the overall prosperity between the rich North and the poor South. How can this gap be explained? This may be done with the help of the liberal view and also with reference to the revolutionary or radical world view.
The liberal view explains the problem by stressing that the capitalist countries have overall efficiency in maximizing economic growth. This view holds that the poor countries are merely lagging behind the industrial north. The liberals would make us believe that more wealth creation in the North is a good thing, as is wealth creation in the South. According to this view, there is no conflict between the two, as eventually the South will also acquire more wealth.
The leftist, or socialist, view is that the divide may be viewed not only in terms of creation of wealth but also with regard to its distribution. According to this view, the creation of wealth in the North often comes at the expense of the South.
The World System Approach – Centre And Periphery
The system of regional class divisions has been viewed by scholars of international relations with Marxist orientation as the ‘ world system’ or ‘capitalist world economy.’ The world system approach is a leftist theory and it relies on global system of analysis. Marx himself had limited his theory to domestic class conflict only, but Marxist scholars apply the same logic in their world system approach. In this system, class divisions are regionalized. The third world countries (exceptions apart) generally produce raw materials, including agricultural products.
These activities need large manpower but not much of capital. The peasants working in agriculture, mining and other sectors are paid low wages. The industrialized countries, on the other hand, mostly produce manufactured goods. This requires large amount of capital, and needs more skilled workers who are paid high wages. The industrialized manufacturing regions are called ‘centre’ of the world system; and the extraction regions (producing raw materials and agricultural items) are known as ‘periphery’.
Reference : International relations by V.N Khanna
Feminism in Margaret Atwood’s poem “This is a Photograph of Me”

Margaret Atwood is a well known feminist author who writes about the oppression of women in a patriarchal society. Her poem This is a Photograph of Me also shares this idea symbolically through the image of a photograph. The title of the poem itself shows the passive role of women in society. In a society which is regulated by men the role of women is passive. But without them the society will not survive. Atwood begins the poem by describing the photograph. It is a blurred photograph which was taken some time ago. And throughout the lines she continues the description of the photograph’s each element. There is the branch or part of a tree in the left hand side of the photograph, which has emerged to the right hand side. This branch without any roots can be considered as the role of women in a society who is placed on the left side or weaker side. But on the right hand side of the photograph a frame house is visible which is associated with men. The background of the photograph is a lake which represents the society. And beyond that lake there is low hills. The hills and lakes keep the women in shadow. Margaret Atwood is trying to show that the society and men exploits the true potential of women. The narrator says that I’m in the lake, in the center of the picture. But it is difficult to say precisely where she is. This shows the nature of a patriarchal society. The place of womanhood in a society is mandatory. However the world tries, the women’s place cannot be underwritten. Atwood focuses on this truth by saying that her place in the photograph is not clear. But when we look long enough everyone will be able to see her place in the photograph or the society itself. Through the image of a photograph Atwood strongly presents the oppression faced by women. Photograph stands for history which is not clear. The contribution of women to the society is necessary but the history created by men does not praise of give importance to them. Women are always hidden or drowned as Atwood says. This truth is underlined by Atwood in this feministic poem, This is a Photograph of Me.
RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL ELEMENTS IN THE NOVEL ‘THE SLAVE’ BY ISAAC BASHEVIS SINGER
Written in the socio-political background of Polish- Cossack war and the Khemelnsky massacre, the novel The Slave unfolds many layers of religion, philosophy, vulnerabilities and guilt of man. The novel also portrays the critical or unbiased representation of the jew community. Isaac Bashevis Singer is a Jewish immigrant writer, and he is known for his unbiased representation of the Judaism. In this novel also Singer portrays this criticism of religion and Judaism and he questions the aim or meaning of the religion if it only serves for the separation of humans. The novel carries various religious allusions, symbols and philosophical truths.
The protagonist Jacob is a religious Jew, with extreme beliefs. He is described as ” he resembles the men in the holy pictures that hung in the chapel in the valley”. He upholds his Jewish identity. At the same time he is in a religious conflict and dilemma. Being an ardent believer , sexual relations and marriage with an “outsider” or non Jew is not allowed in Judaism. But his intense love for Wanda is in conflict with this. Here, a juxtaposition between free will and determinism is evident. The question that does God control his destiny or does Jacob controls his destiny is always in juxtaposition in his mind. In the relationship between Jacob and Wanda the novel questions the religion and the customs by giving the notion that, why do we follow certain rituals if it intends the seperatedness of individuals rather than their union. Apart from this internal dilemma, one external dilemma is there, that is the thought of discrimination or exclusion in the village. And this made him to tell that Wanda is deaf and mute to hide her ethnic Identity.
Another question of choice, righteousness comes in the instance where Teresa tries to seduce Jacob. But Jacob refuses and Teresa feels guilt and she laments.
There are several biblical allusions present in the novel. When Jacob changes Wanda’s name to Sarah, he is alluded to Abraham who changes his wife’s name to Sarah. The name of their son Benjamin also carry biblical allusion. And he takes him to Jerusalem for pilgrimage. Towards the end novelist presents the ultimate philosophy of life by the growing cemetery, which included the remains of Sarah, which was not accepted by the community because of Sarah not being a Jew. So here Singer portrays the ultimate philosophy and truth of life, the death. Death is the leveller, which is equal for everyone irrespective of race and religion. And everyone gets equality through death.
ELON MUSK:-
ELON Musk is one of the greatest entrepreneurs in the world.He is ceo,founder and chief engineer in space X.His net worth is 29,700 crores.He is the richest man in the world currently.Musk was born to a Canadian mother and South African father, and raised in Pretoria, South Africa. He briefly attended the University of Pretoria before moving to Canada at age 17 to avoid conscription.Elon Reeve Musk was born on June 28, 1971 in Pretoria, South Africa.He is now 50 years old.He attended the University of Pretoria for five months Musk arrived in Canada in June 1989, and lived with a second-cousin in Saskatchewan for a year, working odd jobs at a farm and lumber-mill.In 1990, Musk entered Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario.

In 2001, Musk became involved with the nonprofit Mars Society. He was inspired by plans to place a growth-chamber for plants on Mars and discussed funding the project himself.SpaceX attempted their first launch of the Falcon 1 rocket in 2006,[69] and although the rocket failed to reach Earth orbit, they were awarded a Commercial Orbital Transportation Services program contract from NASA later that year.After two more failed attempts, which reportedly caused Musk so much stress.SpaceX received a $1.6 billion Commercial Resupply Services program contract from NASA for 12 flights of its Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft to the International Space Station, replacing the Space Shuttle after its 2011 retirement. In 2012, the Dragon vehicle berthed with the ISS, a first for a private enterprise.Working towards its goal of reusable rockets, in 2015, SpaceX successfully landed the first stage of a Falcon 9. In 2015, SpaceX successfully landed the first stage of a Falcon 9. Landings were later achieved on an autonomous spaceport drone ship, an ocean-based recovery platform. In 2018, SpaceX launched the Falcon Heavy; the inaugural mission carried Musk’s personal Tesla Roadster as a dummy payload. In 2017, SpaceX unveiled its next-generation launch vehicle and spacecraft system
Books that can scare the wits out of you!
This one is for all you horror fans out there! Would you care for a ‘lights on’ experience at night? Then you should definitely check out some of the books on this list as they are filled with horror inducing components. Books in the horror genre have the ability to excite its readers and keep them hooked till the end. So all those who don’t mind some good scares coming your way, here are some books that are written to scare the wits out of you.
1.Mrs Peregrine’s home for peculiar children
A family tragedy drives a 16 year old boy to an island off the coast of Wales where he discovers a crumbling structure. Upon navigating its living rooms and bedrooms he discovers that the place is inhabited by young residents. However, their peculiar mannerisms and behavior scares him out of his wits and makes him wonder if they are truly alive or long past dead!
What happens to him from there on? Who are those residents of that crumbling structure? Only the pages of this fantasy horror book can tell. The texts in this book are also accompanied by vintage photographs that add to the already scary reading experience. There are also sequels written for this book so you can read up further after you are left on a cliffhanger.
2. Sharp Objects
Consider this a PG-13 book due to its portrayal of drug use, foul language, and sexual situations. The story follows Camille Preaker, a reporter who recently got discharged from a psychiatric hospital. She is told to cover a murder story in her hometown which you might think will make her feel at home. But with a hypochondriac mother and an eccentric half-sister, her experience only turned to the worse. While battling the problems of her own, she not only covers the story of the murder but is also close at heels with the murderer.
This book has the makings of a handsome psychological horror that will refuse to let you go before scaring the wits out of you.
3. Lord of the flies
The book ‘Lord of the flies’ proves that a story doesn’t require supernatural elements to make it scary. In fact, young children are the source of sheer terror and shock in this novel by William Golding. Replace Tom Hanks in the movie Cast away with a couple of school boys and that forms the premise of this book. However what follows is way worse than a single man fighting on a lone island for survival. All innocence and morals are lost as young boys indulge in evil practices to survive an uncharted island with no adult supervision.
This book is often treated as an allegory, political satire, and a prediction of the apocalypse due to its uncanny resemblance with the contemporary occurrences.
4. Pet Sematary
It hit them like a ton of bricks when a family that recently moved into a remote town lost their little girl in a road accident. All hopes are lost until the father from the family of three discovers a cemetery that is claimed to bring back the dead! So first goes their dead family cat and then the little girl beneath the surface of the eerie cemetery. However, what comes out from the cemetery happens to be more than just a normal living being.
The very sight of the cemetery in the first place is sure to scare anyone out of their wits. What follows during the rest of the story is a treat for genuine horror fans. There have also been movie adaptations of the book, but reading the book delivers the wholesome experience without having anything missed out or altered for cinematic constraints.
5. The Stand
Living through a pandemic is no joke. Several lives are lost. Many fall sick. And when such an occurrence is used as a central theme in a horror fiction novel, all hell breaks loose over its readers! ‘The Stand’ portrays a deadly virus that almost wipes out the entire world. With a partial pandemic looming over our heads, this could be a very relatable and terrifying novel to read during this time.
Here ends your quest for scary books to read. Do drop in more books from this genre in the comment section below.
References
Feel-good books that can turn your bad days around!
Having had a bad or lonely day, who wouldn’t want to find something to do that makes them forget reality and simply have a nice time? But apart from scouring through Netflix and Prime Video looking for movies or shows to watch, you can also give books a chance as it gives you the privilege of imagining everything in your head as you read. In other words, you can create your own movie or visual adaptations of the books you read right in your head!
Now let us shift focus to the ‘feel-good’ portion of this article and dive into the list of feel-good books that can put a smile on your face!
1.Chicken Soup for the Indian Soul
Chicken Soup for the Soul is a popular book series that comprises heartwarming short stories that you would wish were true if you read them. And fortunately they are real as these stories are personal accounts of people from different walks of life. These stories are rich in kindness, encouragement, help and generosity exchanged among people.
With the Indian souls having a lot of short stories to share, this popular series has dedicated the book ‘Chicken Soup for the Indian Soul’ to the Indian readers and writers. This book contains short stories written by Indian souls that would definitely put a smile on your face. The genre of feel-good books would remain meaningless without this book. Or the entire series of Chicken Soup books for that matter.
2. Everyone has a story to tell- By Savy Sharma
When 4 separate lives intertwine with each other, it need not always result in a crime thriller. It could also become a heartwarming union. ‘Everyone has a story to tell’ follows the lives of four different individuals with different desires and dreams. As the story goes on they form a strong connection and help each other in the pursuit of their dreams. As readers you will find yourself rooting for their success and relationships with each other.
The incidents in the story are very relatable, giving you the sense of comfort in knowing that you are never alone with your negative feelings. Thus it becomes an important addition to the segment of feel-good books. Like the previous entry on this list,this book is also a part of a series so you can follow this up with the sequels if you liked it.
3. A man called Ove
‘A man called Ove’ follows a man in his late 50s who’s most obvious possession is his sour attitude. He seems to dislike everything and tries to avoid confrontation with his neighbours everyday. As he awaits the final days of his life, the story unfolds in a way that the readers are left with love and admiration for this man named Ove.
This feel-good book could be your company during the days filled with feelings of loneliness and hopelessness. If you let it. You might also start admiring your own life alongside the lovable character of this story!
4. The Namesake- By Jhumpa Lahiri
Relocating to a new location can be a stressful and scary experience. Excluding the benefits of seeing and experiencing new things, it brings with it a host of challenges in the form of language barriers, unknown cultural backgrounds, and foreign beliefs. The book ‘The Namesake’ highlights this struggle as it focuses on a family originating from Calcutta who shifted to Massachusetts and went through everything that you can expect after traveling half the way across the world and trying to fit in.
Just like a good song that comforts you as it’s lyrics resonate the instances in your life, this feel-good book also reassures you that it understands and relates to your feeling of being left out in an unfamiliar society. It’s coverage of themes such as generation gap, coming of age and self identity are the icing on the cake.
5. The hundred year old man who climbed out the window and disappeared
Upon reaching the brink of his life by his age, yet being strong and energetic in his heart. A 100 year old man embarks on a unique journey to escape his 100th year birthday celebration! The story rightfully begins by justifying the long title. However what follows is not only what happens afterwards, but also a journey heading back towards the important events of the 20th century in which the man has played important roles.
This synopsis indeed reminds us of the movie Forrest Gump. It can be considered as the Swedish and written version of the movie which leans more on the humorous side of the line.
So these are some of the feel-good books that are written to spread the feel-good vibes among readers. Sky is the limit when it comes to the sources from where you can buy these books. After-all, you have the internet in your hands!
Happy feel-good reading!
References
COMPUTER AND IT’S TYPES:-
A computer is a programmable device that stores, retrieves, and processes data. … The term was later given to mechanical devices as they began replacing human computers. Today’s computers are electronic devices that accept data (input), process that data, produce output, and store storage the results.A computer is a machine that can store and process information. Most computers rely on a binary system, which uses two variables, 0 and 1, to complete tasks such as storing data, calculating algorithms, and displaying information.Computer has become very important nowadays because it is very much accurate, fast and can accomplish many tasks easily.

TYPES OF COMPUTER:-
* ANALOG COMPUTER.
* DIGITAL COMPUTER.
* MAINFRAME COMPUTER.
ANALOG COMPUTER:-
An analog computer or analogue computer is a type of computer that uses the continuously variable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved planimeters, nomograms, operational amplifiers, mechanical integrators, slide rules, tide pool predators, electric integrators are some examples for analog computers.
DIGITAL COMPUTER:-
Digital computer, any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form. It operates on data, including magnitudes, letters, and symbols, that are expressed in binary codes using only the two digits 0 and 1.smartphones, calculators, tablets, personal computer are some examples for Digital computers.
MAINFRAME COMPUTER:-
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. IBM zSeries, System z9 and System z10 servers are some examples for Mainframe computers.

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