ITS TIME TO BOOST UP

                                                      ECONOMY BOOST UP

BY : NEHA SHAHAB


INDIA ECONOMY HAS SHOWN SIGNS OF RECOVERY IN JULY AS FACTORY ACTIVITY REBOUNDED  ON THE RISING DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL DEMAND. A FALL IN ACTIVE CASE OF COVID 19 CASES LED TO A ALLOWING BUSINESSESS TO RAMP UP MANUFACTURING ACTIVITY. 

THE REOPENING OF THE ECONOMY HAS LED TO HIGHER DEMAND AND SUPPLY. EXPORTS HAS ALSO WITNESSED A HEALTHY RISE AS ORDERS GREW AT THE FASTEST RATE SINCE APRIL.

EMPLOYMENT HAS ALSO INCREASED FOR THE FIRST TIME SINCE MARCH 20 , BREAKING 9 TO 15 MONTH CHAIN OF JOB SHEDDING. HOWEVER , THE PACE OF HIRING REMAINS MILD AND THE COUNTRY JOB CRISIS IS FAR FROM OVER. RISING INFLATION IS ANOTHER MAJOR HURDLE IN THE PATH OF ECONOMY RECOVERY. 

A RECENT POLL CONDUCTED BY NEWS AGENCY REUTERS SIGNALS A FURTHER RISE IN INFLATION DUE TO HIGHER FUEL PRICES. AS THE CASES NOW FALLING THERE IS REASON TO HOPE THAT THE ECONOMY WILL GET BACK TO IMPROVED ACTIVITY IN THE NEXT QUARTER.

Fifth medal for India in Tokyo Olympic

Ravi kumar Dahiya wins silver Medal for India in men’s 57 kg freestyle wrestling at Tokyo Olympic.

Ravi kumar became the fifth Indian wrestler after KD Jadhav, Sushil Kumar, Yogeshwar Dutt and Sakshi Malik to finish on the Olympic podium.

Ravi kumar bagged the silver medal after losing in the final of men’s 57 kg freestyle category to Russian Olympic committee’s (ROC) zavur Uguev today.

This is India’s fifth medal in the Tokyo Olympics and second silver of the campaign.

What is sustainable development?

When presently everyone are blessed with most of the resources with parity to meet our needs and similarly the impending generation should also have equal access to all of the resources without any mitigation and that is the idea of sustainable development at its simplest. It is the fact that human societies must live and meet their needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is an approach to developing or growing by using resources in a way that allows for them to renew or continue to exist for others. The sustainable development goals were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030.

Earth’s natural resources have been used in ways that are environmentally inefficient and wasteful, with dangerous consequences such as decreased air quality and overall climate change. Sustainable development practices help countries grow in ways that adapt to the challenges posed by climate change, which will in turn help to protect important natural resources for ours and future generation. Countries have committed to fast-track progress for those furthest behind first and here the SDG’s play a prominent role which were designed to bring the world to several life-changing ‘zeros’, including zero poverty, no hunger, AIDS and discrimination against women.

17 Goals of sustainable development

  • Zero poverty
  • No hunger
  • Clean water and sanitation
  • Gender equality
  • Quality education
  • Good health and well being
  • Economic growth
  • Affordable and clean energy
  • Reduced inequalities
  • Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
  • Sustainable cities and communities
  • Responsible consumption and production
  • Climate action
  • Life below water
  • Life on land
  • Peace, justice and strong institution
  • Partnerships for the goals

What has led to the formation of sustainable development? Free access of humans and unlimited consumption of finite resource would extinguish the same resources in the near future and eventually the Earth’s resources would get overexploited. For instance, even in the present world there are scarcity over many resources like the non renewable energy -petrol and diesel. Due to the paucity of such resources the prices are escalating making it unfeasible for the common man and traps us into a very pathetic scenario. Water scarcity is yet another big quandary which is prevalent in many domains due to the lack of sufficient water or access to unsafe water. Water is a pressing need in many areas of the world. If these are the situations now then just imagine the plight of the future generation? We know that many resources in the present world are limited in nature . It is our sincere responsibility to use it prudently and bequeath the future generation with this legacy and thus lead to a viable development !!!!

Hockey medal for India after 41 years

India creates history as the Indian men’s hockey team win bronze medal after 41 years at Tokyo Olympic.

Hockey which was considered as the national game of India but this is the third time the team clinched the medal in Olympics, the other two came in 1968 (Mexico City) and 1972 (Munich games).

India defeated Germany,the Bronze medal winner in Rio Olympic 2016 by 5-4 goals.

DATA USAGE INCREASED

                                                     DATA USAGE INCREASED 

BY : NEHA SHAHAB

 DUE TO THIS PANDEMIC HAS FORCED ECONOMIES ALL OVER THE WORLD TO GO INTO LOCKDOWN. OFFICIAL DATA SHOWS THAT THE DATA USAGE HAS BEEN INCREASED 400% IN RURAL AREAS. IT INDICATING THE LARGE APPETITE FOR INTERNET CONNECTIVITY.

INDIA CURRENTLY HAS 504 MILLION INTERNET USERS MAKING IT IS SECOND LARGEST INTERNET MARKET IN THE WORLD , SECOND ONLY TO CHINA WHICH HAS 850 MILLION. RURAL CONSUMPTION NOW ACCOUNT FOR ROUGHLY 45% OF OVERALL MOBILE DATA USAGE AND URBAN USAGE MARKET UP 55%.

THE MONTH OF JUNE SAW THE RURAL DATA USAGE INCREASED BY 30-35% WHEREAS THAT IN URBAN GREW BY 15-29%. COMPANIES LIKE RELIANCE JIO AND BHARTI AIRTEL ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE EXPANSION OF RURAL MOBILE USER BASE.

ACCORDING TO THE LATEST DATA OF A TELECOM REGULATOR JIO AND AIRTEL ADDED 2.76 MILLION AND 1.46 MILLION RURAL MOBILE USERS BETWEEN JUNE AND AUGUST. MOBILE DATA TRAFFIC IS GROWING AS MORE INDIANS SPENT TIME STREAMING LIVE VIDEOS WHICH IS EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR 75% OF OVERALL MOBILE TRAFFIC BY 2024. A STUDY SUGGEST THAT BY 2025 RURAL INDIA WILL LIKELY HAVE MORE INTERNET USERS THAN URBAN INDIA. 

A LATEST REPORT BY THE INTERNET AND MOBILE ASSOCIATION OF INDIA ( IAMAI ). THE REPORT HIGHLIGHTED A GREATER INCREASE A FEMALE INTERNET USERS BY 27% AS COMPARED TO MAKE INTERNET USERS BY 9%. 

THE GROWTH IN INDIA INTERNET USERS ESPECIALLY IN THE RURAL AREAS HAS WITNESSED A BOOST MAJORITY BECAUSE OF CHEAP DATA PLANS AND ACCESSIBILITY TO AFFORDABLE SERVICES FOR ACCESSING THE INTERNET WAS MOBILE IN BOTH RURAL AND URBAN AREAS.

“MADAM C. J. WALKER” Biography

Madam C. J. Walker nickname was Breedlove. She was an entrepreneur she was born in Delta, louisiana, the United States on December 23, 1867. Her father’s name was Owen Breedlove and Mother’s name was Minerva Breedlove. Her family members were slaves. She had five siblings.

In 1872 her mother died possibly from cholera her father remarried but he died within a few years at the age of 7 she was orphaned. She moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the age of ten and worked as a domestic. She lived with her older sister, Louvenia and brother-in-law, Jesse Powell. She went on to work with an entrepreneur named Annie Turnbo Malone and sold hair care products on behalf of the business women. Her knowledge of hair care products helped Sarah turn into a beautician hair dresser and a retailer who earned profits through the sales of cosmetic creams. She soon started employing many female agents to create awareness of the culture of enhancing beauty. In 1908 she set up an institution named “Lelia college” in a bid to groom the salesperson into hair culturist. He then relocated to the city of Indianapolis years later and initiated various business establishment related to hair care which included a beauty school and salon. During the year 1917 this business women organised an annual meet of Madame Walker Beauty culturists in tha city of Philadelphia. This event was one of the first of its kind in the United states during its time in 1917 she even initiated the “Walker Hair culturists” Union of America which was the first ever convention at that time which was exclusively aimed at encouraging women to venture into commerce the idea of starting a beauty product hit Walker after she lost her hair and faced scalp problem due to washing herself with water which was contaminated with chemicals like “Lye”. She was barred 14 years old she entered the wedlock with a man named Moses MC Williams. The couple had a baby girl who was named A’ Lelia. Her husband died when Sarah was hardly twenty years old. In January 1906, She married Charles Joseph Walker. Sarah adopted the name Madame C. J Walker only after she married Charles. She died in Irvington-on-Hudson, New York, United States on May 25, 1919, at the age of 51. “IF I HAVE ACCOMPLISHED ANYTHING IN LIFE IT IS BECAUSE I HAVE BEEN WILLING TO WORK HARD”.

Review – Think And Grow Rich Summary

No matter which book we start reading, the question is why do we read this book. Let me tell you the reason why you should read this book. This book is a blueprint for achieving your dream.

Book Name : Think And Grow Rich

Author Name : Napoleon Hill

Year of Publication : 1937

Author Napoleon Hill of this book. Like everyone else he had a desire to make a lot of money and succeed in life. He started looking for this through interviews as he is a journalist. He interviewing Andrew Carnegie, the World Richest Person of his time. In that interview Author notes some things. The mind set that a rich person can have is different than the mind set that a ordinary person can have. Especially the way they look at the time and their habits are very different. That interview was going well. Andrew Carnegie put a twist on that interview. He said to Author, “I arrange for you to interview the 500 Most Successful People in My Contact.” Author was shocked to hear this. Not only this but Andrew Carnegie says two conditions. Andrew Carnegie said, ” it will take at least 20 years to complete the interview of these 500 people and share what you have learned in that interview with people.” Having said this, Andrew Carnegie asks Napoleon Hill if you are ready for this challenge. Author thinks well and accepts the challenge. The result is the book Think And Grow Rich.

Now that you have some idea why you should read this book. This book is not just about 500 success stories, he has analyzed what he learned when he interviewed 500 people and prepared a 13-steps Success Formula. Author has indirectly tested this formula on 1000 people. Tested and incorporated as a case study in this book how this formula worked and what changes have taken place in their lives since they used this formula.

Let’s see what those 13 steps are.

1. Power of Thoughts

Only if you know what the power of your thoughts is can you control it and use it properly. 

2. A Burning Desire

In the things you think you want to achieve, you have to have a frenzied desire. 

3. Faith

No matter what happens. We must be confident that we can achieve what we started.

4. Auto Suggestion

It tells you how to reprogram your brain and drive it towards success. It is one of the method of reprogramming the brain.

5. Specialized Knowledge

Learning a subject well and implementing it and gaining knowledge from it or making money or making an impact in the community.

6. Power of Imagination

Only if you know what your imagination is capable of, can you use it for the right things on the right track. 

7. Organized Planning

You need to plan what are the basic things you need to do to turn your dream into action.

8. Decision

How to make a good decision? That is, you need to know what is needed to make a right decision and what factors to consider when making that right decision.

9. Persistence

In this chapter, author talks about recovering from a depressed state and achieving a full potential.

10. Power of The Mastermind

You will face a lot of obstacles while working towards your goal.  In this chapter author talks about how to travel towards the goal only without letting it distract you then. 

11. The Mystery of Transmutation of Sex

The most important things in existence is the sexual drive. It is used by most of the athletes and sports persons. In this chapter, author talks about how ordinary people use it properly and what is the advantage for us of using it.

12. Power of Subconscious Mind

We all know that the subconscious mind is the cause of all habits. So how to control it and achieve what we thought is stated in this chapter.

13. The Brain

Only in this chapter will you achieve your goal. Now you know what state your brain is in and how you achieved your goal. 

We briefly learned what those 13 steps that author said were. Author also offers two bonus steps. Let us now know what those two steps are.

* The Sixth Sense *

We have heard many people say gut feeling. We would have told ourselves also. A lot of people know it is wrong when we do a thing. Then in this chapter, author talks about whether or not you should follow your gut feeling.

* Fear * 

Fear is an important factor that prevents us from achieving our goals. He explains in 6 points how to overcome that fear.

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

 



Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel, popularly known as Sardar Patel, was a leading pathfinder in the Indian history of the freedom struggle. He was appointed as the First Deputy Prime Minister of India. He was a barrister and also served for Indian National Congress.  He is considered as the founding father of the “Republic of India” where he played a pivotal role in integrating the provinces freed from British Rule. He also took part in the Quit India Movement, which shook up the British that ultimately led to the freedom of India.

Given below are ten lines on Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, which students are aspiring to write competitive exams can use and for making speeches.

  1. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was one of the dynamic and famous leaders of the country.
  2. He was on 31st October 1985 in a small village in Gujarat.
  3. Patel was a freedom fighter and participated in many freedom struggles against the British brought authorities.
  4. He was a close associate to Mahatma Gandhi, and he joined the Indian National Congress.
  5. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was jailed many times because he participated in the freedom struggle.
  6. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is better known as the  Iron Man of India.
  7. Patel was elected for the post of Home Minister soon after India got independence and he went to become the Deputy Prime Minister too.
  8. He was a dynamic leader who had a firm belief in Unity, and he was one of the leaders who brought the people of the country together.
  9. He played a significant role in the Integration of the country after Independence.
  10. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was one of the leaders who was conferred with the Bharat Ratna award.
Sardar Patel’s contribution to the Indian Freedom struggle has been remarkable and incomparable. He was an immense source of inspiration for the youth of the Nation, not only during the Freedom movement but also in the current day. He is being termed as the self-made man in the True sense. His ideologies of Integration have laid the foundation of Unity. He has conferred the Bharat Ratna Award posthumously in 1991.


E.LALITHA

Panchatantra : The Older Aesop Fables

A certain king Sudarshan had three sons – neither of them willing to take responsibility or learn anything. The dejected king went to a scholar named Vishnu Sharma who used animals as characters to weave five treatises – sets of interwoven stories – “The Loss of Friends”, “The Winning of Friends”, “Of Crows and Owls”, “Loss of Gains” and “Imprudence” – that taught the princes about politics, life, justice etc. and came to be known as the Panchatantra.

Panchatantra to this day remains the most published, circulated and translated non-religious text in human history. The Arabs carried the book to their lands to be translated as Kalīlah wa Dimnah in the 7th century. By that time, it already existed in Sanskrit, Persian, Greek and the local Indian languages like Pali and Prakrit. By the 17th century, it existed in French, Italian, German, Chez, English and Slavic languages as well.

Ibn al-Muqaffa' by Khalil Gibran.png
Ibn al-Muqaffa, the scholar who translated the book in Arabic.
The Persian Panchatantra

The Aesop Fables of Greece carries a similar taste in story telling – simple and straightforward stories with talking animals often holding the traits identified with humans. But weirdly enough, that is a more famous set of stories in the modern day despite all the historic achievements the Panchatantra holds.

In the modern day, when society is increasingly pushing itself and its members – including kids and adults into its new evolving definitions of justice, crime and conduct – Panchatantra offers a freshness of simplicity despite being 2500 years in age and in lore.

Review Of Literature on Personality and Workplace Deviance

Workplace Deviant Behavior is
outlined as acts that hurt the organization further as well as employees
operating in it. The foremost well researched work deviant behavior examples
would be absence from work, theft,  sabotage, drug usage, explicit acts of
aggression etc.

                                                                                       

   

                                                                                    

According to Robinson and
Bennett (1995), workplace deviant behaviors are voluntary behaviors of
employees that violate company norms, policies, or rules which have a negative
impact on both the well-being of both the organization as well as its members.
Once directed towards individual staff, it’s within the kind of creating fun of
others, enjoying mean pranks, acting impolitely, engaging in conflicts etc.

                                                                                       

Studies have known that factors
like job stressors, organizational frustration, lack of management over the
work atmosphere, weak sanctions for rule violations etc are the causes of work
place deviance. 

                                                                                       

Studies
have conjointly shown that socialization and impulsivity constructs are also
responsible for work deviant behaviors. Employees with high asocial
temperament show less social maturity, integrity, and morality and
are typically perceived as rebellious, unhappy, and defensive. Employees with
this temperament tend to resist rules and laws. (Gough and Peterson, 1952)

                                                                                       

   

Employees high in socialization
on the opposite hand are kind, dependable, well-balanced, patient etc. Analysis
of Collins and Griffin (1998), conjointly found a relationship between
socialization with thievery and disciplinary issues.

                                                                                                                                                                            

Impulsivity, on the opposite
hand, is that the tendency to act with very little forethought on the
implications of one’s actions. Employees who are high on impulsivity are
characterized as rash, reckless, incautious etc. Impulsive people/employees
also act on the spur of the moment and freely express their emotions.

                                                                               

Employee’s whose evaluations
are lower on measures of impulsivity are thought to be non-indulgent and are
able to manage their emotions (Megargee, 1972). Gottfredson and Hirschi (1993)
have concerned impulsivity with deviant behaviors like drug use, theft, work
violence, and employment instability.

For the aim of hiring, several
organizations have spent several resources in its plan to ascertain work place
deviance. The deviant behaviors at work place are possible to be subjected to
employee’s temperament (personality) traits rather than ability-related factors
as employees make conscious choices regarding whether they wish to or not wish
to indulge in deviant behaviors.

                                                                                       

The
Five Factor Model (FFM) is the most widely known and used model in industrial
psychology as an empirically supported personality measure. The dimensions of
factors of personality consist of:


1. Agreeableness may be
categorized as a personality where people are compassionate. They like to
cooperate together. They don’t prefer to be suspicious and don’t like to
produce hostility with each other. This trait is more indicative of individual
differences in their concern for creating social harmonization. Such types of
people are nice, easy-going with others, caring, friendly, optimistic,
generous, etc. (Rothmann and Coetzer, 2013).

                                                                                         

            

2. Extraversion is
characterized as a personality where people exhibit positive emotions. People
who are high on their social skills tend to be assured, dominant, active, happy
and really interactive.

 

                                                                                           

3. Conscientiousness is
characterized as a personality where people exhibit self-discipline, obedience,
and who aim to achieve higher than expectations. This trait emphasizes action
that is always planned rather than spontaneous action.

                                                                                   

                   

4. Neuroticism is
characterized as a personality which is related to people’s emotional
stability. The person having high neuroticism exhibits negative emotions such as
irritability, easily anxiety etc.

                                                                                     

5. Openness to experience is
characterized as a personality where people are artistic, creative, and
imaginative and take interests in new things as a result of their curiosity.

                                                                                        

Layth
et al (2016) solely found traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness as
those traits which don’t have any significant negative impact on
counterproductive behavior. An online survey at a project management practice
firm in Singapore was conducted by Santos and Eger (2014). They found
extraversion to be the legitimate factor for forecasting interpersonal and
organizational deviance and not agreeableness and conscientiousness. One can
observe that there is an inconsistency of predictors to workplace. 

Layth and Zulkarnain (2016)
found that emotional stability (opposite of neuroticism) had an inverse
relationship to work place deviance and has positive and significant effects on
counterproductive work behavior.                                                                                           

As outlined by Salovey and
Mayer (1990), Emotional Intelligence is a subset of social intelligence that
involves the ability to observe one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to
differentiate among them and then using this data to know, introspect and guide
one’s own thoughts and actions. Thus, emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability
to perceive, control and evaluate emotions.

                                                                                         

Emotional intelligence allows
people to develop a construct referred to as “learned optimism”, the causative
attributions people create once they are confronted with failure or setbacks.
Another facet of emotional intelligence is that it allows people to manage
feelings and handle stress.

Barsade and Gibson (1998) claim
that managers having the ability to infect a work group with their good and
smart emotions and feelings can lead to improved cooperation, fairness, and
overall group performance. Empathy is additionally a very important facet of
emotional intelligence. Researchers have familiarity for years that it
contributes to occupational and organizational success.

                                                                                                

Through
training sessions, employees can be taught and trained to use such techniques
and methods that can help to strengthen their social skills, build
assertiveness etc, which could help them achieved more adaptive behavior which
would further reduce their deviant behaviors at workplace and enable the
employees to excel on the professional front.

                                                                                         

BRINGING HOME DOGS AND CARING FOR THEM

Life is not fair for everyone. People come and go, sometimes in unexpected ways and after showing a completely unexpected side of themselves. Some people cope up with this faster while for some the healing process takes time. Among all the people around you, the most you can trust, blindly, is a dog. Dogs have not just been helping hands for humans since time immemorial, but are now being treated as a part of the family. They serve in a lot of areas such as police forces, helping blind people find their way, or as therapeutic beings for people in depression or who are recuperating from losses.

Over the years, different breeds of dogs have evolved, for different purposes and almost all of them are now kept as pets. But are they all made to be kept at home? Mentioned below are the factors that one needs to keep in mind before buying a dog from a breeder or adopting from a shelter :

  1. Size of your house and the dog-  The size of your house should be big enough if you are trying to accommodate a big and powerful dog like a German Shepherd or a Rottweiler. Such big dogs, if kept in one-room apartments or small houses can turn out aggressive.
  2. The devotion of time-  Every dog needs to go for a walk. Frequency depends on the breed and size of the dog. In addition to that, exercise is needed for medium to large breeds such as Labrador retrievers, Pitbulls, and Dobermans. If this is not provided, they become obese as well develop aggressive behavior. Not only this, many other things such as grooming a dog, taking him to the vet, brushing his teeth require time. And if you are not ready for taking up the tasks, it is advisable not to bring one in the first place.
  3. Expenditure- Not only do dogs need care and affection, but a good amount of money is also required for their mental and physical well-being. Grooming, their toys, vaccinations, treats, and many other things require money. If you are economically prepared for this, coupled with the two aforementioned factors, you are almost ready for a dog.
  4. Are other members of your family ready? – Many times, we as individuals, are ready to get home a dog and care for it. But since people differ and so do their choices and interests, some members of your family may not agree to this step. Hence, it is very important to have a consensus between all members of the family to bring in the new member. This is the most important step and all other steps follow. Not only this, if all members are ready for a dog, the dog will be cared for by all of them and a lot of love will be showered upon him.

A dog becomes a very important member of the family once brought in. It is important and necessary to take good care of him. For us, the dog is only a part of our life. But for the dog, we are his whole life and world. 

So, keep this in mind and bring home a dog only if you are ready for the same.

Good Luck!

THE VOLKSWAGEN NOBODY KNOWS!

You must have heard of the fact that companies are contributing to environmental degradation , though they don’t want to do that but no one can deny to the fact that they are indirectly into it. But their are many greedy companies who , without even taking concern of the environment are contributing to degradation of it . Volkswagen is one among such companies , let’s see what they have done .

VOLKSWAGEN AG , known internationally as the Volkswagen group is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Wolfsburg , Germany . In the early 1930s, cars were a luxury – most Germans could afford nothing more elaborate than a motorcycle and only one German out of 50 owned a car. Seeking a potential new market, some car makers began independent “people’s car” projects – the Mercedes 170H, BMW 3/15, Adler AutoBahn, Steyr 55, and Hanomag 1.3L, among others. The Volkswagen emission scandal began in September 2015 when the US Environment Protection Agency issued a notice of violation of clean air act to Volkswagen group . According to the agency Volkswagen intentionally developed a software named TURBOCHARGED DIRECT INJECTION (TDS ) diesel engines , to active their emission control only at the time of testing in the labs which causes vehicles Nitrogen output to met US standards , BUT in reality emits 40 times more nitrogen in air in the real world .

They developed this software in 11 million cars of which 500,000 were in US only . Research were done & a group of scientists detected that there is additional emission in road test . Within the first day of investigation the stock price of VOLKSWAGEN fell in value by one by one third . Its CEO Martin Winterkorn resigned from his post & many officials were suspended .

In April 2016 , Volkswagen announced to spend $18.32 billion to rectify the emission issue & in January 2017 , Volkswagen pleaded guilty to criminal charges & after investigation process , in April 2017 , US government ordered the company to pay $2.8 billion as criminal fine for breaking rules of nitrogen emission . The total cost of the scandal costed $33.3 billion in fines , penalties , & financial settlements & buyback cost of VOLKSWAGEN .

This proves that the greediness of one company can bring harm to whole ecosystem . As business is a part of society , business should perform function to bring peace in the environment by not polluting it . It should serve the mankind & society as well. Volkswagen by realizing their mistake pleaded themselves guilty shows that one the mistake is done you should work to rectify it instead of hiding it .

The Haunted Midnight Bus of Beijing

You all must have heard of mysterious things like a mythical creature being spotted somewhere or someone experiencing something out of this world. People have even claim to have seen Aliens on above. People have came out with their own experiences about having encounter something that is not easy to believe. Most of the time we don’t even believe what the person is saying no matter how hard they try.

For them its just a story. People ignore it by saying that why it ever happens to them or why they don’t feel it. Well, what is there are several people witnessing it and there is nothing to prove it wrong.

Yes, this incident is something that happened in and to a bus so it is witnessed by more than one person . There are even many things to prove that the incident is nothing normal.

The incident took place in November of 1995. Bus number 375 off from Yuan Min in Beijing, China. The bus had two passengers and driver and conductor. The bus passengers were a student and an old lady. At one stop a couple enters the bus. Everything was normal and fine until the bus stopped for two persons. It was quite late and the bus was the last bus on that route. so, the driver stooped the bus to let them come in. But when the bus stopped they saw that it was not two but three people.

There were three people, in which two of them have old the third one as he was sick or unconscious.

They entered the bus and everyone was quite surprised to see them. All of them had clothes that were used in the era of 1600 to 1900s. But the ignored it. Another thing that was a little weird about them was that their skin was too white. It did not seem natural it was almost pale.

The bus conductor jokingly said that they might be actors and that’s why they had this uniform and makeup on them. The bus continued on its way. Later on a stop the couple who took the bus earlier got off.

Now there were 7 people in the bus. The old lady was sitting in the middle seat and the student was sitting in front of her and the three people who got in earlier were siting behind her. The lady was continuously looking at the passengers sitting behind her.

The Haunted Midnight Bus of Beijing

Suddenly she started yelling that the boy who was siting in front of her has stolen her purse. She complains to conductor that the boy has stolen her purse. But the boy kept refusing and said that how can he take her purse when is the one sitting ahead of her. He kept on insisting that its impossible for him to take the purse from her. The allegation turns into an argument and the old lay demands to go to the police station straight form the bus.

But the driver cannot go out of the route he was suppose to follow. So, he suggests that they go to the Police Station on their own. The bus stops at one of the bus stop and both the lady and the student get off the bus. As both of them get off the bus the boy asks the lady why she was wrongly accusing him. The lady told him that all that she did was to save both of their lives.

The boy got confused and asked her to clarify what she was talking about. The lady told him that she was continuously keeping an eye on those three persons. One time she saw that they had no legs when a blow of air came from wind. She also told him that the faces of those three people kept on changing and were getting bizarre. The boy was unable to believe cause he did not saw anything like that. Both of them went to police station and told the police everything that happened.

Police as usually thought that both of them had an argument and the lady was old so she might have had some misconception. They get their information and then tell them to leave.

The Haunted Midnight Bus of Beijing

But next morning a shocking thing happens. Bus number 375 never reached the BUS DEPOT. The bus was supposed to come back to its depot after its last route but it never did. The manager tried everything but he was not able to find anything about the bus. There was no information about the bus, the driver and conductor and the passengers of the bus.

Now the missing of the bus was reported to the police and they started looking for the bus. The CCTV s were available. So police started checking the footage. But shockingly the bus was not captured in of the camera after the lady and the boy got of the bus. There were four more stops after that and the bu was not captured on any of them.

But them remember about how the old lady and the boy came to report the same bus. They cal them again and start asking questions. The old lady repeats the whole scenario and tells them everything she told last night. The news spread like wild fire and it was everywhere. The description given by The old lady lead to everyone on the same conclusion that the three men she was talking about were non other than ghosts.

Soon a report is made about a bus being drowned in a river in Beijing. They check the bus and it was the same missing Bus. They check the bus and find five dead bodies in the bus. This was not all. The bodies of Driver and conductor were not that rotten as the bodies of the three men.The bodies of thee men were totally decomposed and it was not possible to happen in two days. And even if it was then why it did not happened to all the bodies.

The autopsy showed that the driver and conduct died from drowning but the three men were dead before bus got into water. It was all a mystery in itself when the manager of the bus revealed something more mysterious. The manager told the police that the buses are fueled up at the depot only and the refill is made only for the bus to complete its route. The drivers are not allowed to fuel up the buses anywhere else. If the driver tries that it would lead him to loosing his job.

In order to confirm if the driver did refilled the fuel or not, The police checked the fuel tank and it was another unsolved mystery. The fuel tank was full of blood. It was all kept on getting mysterious and Mysterious. So there were a lot of questions like how did bus went at the place it was found when it was 100 of km far from its stop point. Secondly how did they dies and what happened to those three men. Who were the? and why their bodies were so decomposed.

The questions are still unanswered and people still don’t know what really happened on that bus. This became a legend in China and people stopped using the route 375 totally. The route was considered haunted after the incident and the mystery of the midnight bus is still unsolved.

SO, What do you think happened on the bus and what was the reason behind the different way of bodies being decompose. Tell you thoughts in the comments and stay with us for more interesting things like this.

Market Failure – Causes and Solutions

What is Market Failure?

Market failure is an economic situation that arises due to inefficient distribution of goods and services in the free market. Individual decisions can prove to be correct but may not support a particular group. Rational individual interests produce inefficient economic outcomes. Prices of goods and services is determined by supply and demand. When quantity supplied of goods and services is not equal to quantity demanded, market failures take place. Market failure may affect the free market are monopoly power, government regulations, prices and minimum wages.

Causes of Market Failure

Market failure can occur due to many reasons.
  1. Public Goods
Public goods are those goods that can be consumed by a large number of people and the cost of such goods remain the same even with increase in the consumers. Features of public goods include non-excludability and non-rivalrous. Non-excludability means that even if a person does not pay for the services or goods provided that person will not be excluded from consuming it. It is non-rivalrous as these goods are consumed by entire population efficiently and never diminishes. Like police services or national defense services are available to people throughout even if they don’t pay taxes. Since, consumers continue to use public goods without paying for it, it results in market failure.
  1. Externality
It refers to the cost from a transaction that affects a third party. This cost is not borne by the producer but by the individual or society as a whole. Externality can be positive or negative. Positive externality positively affects the third party like providing education or conducting a survey or research. However, negative externality refers to negative impact on the third part from consumption of a good. For instance, when factories cause air or water pollution diminishes overall health of the people surrounded by it. The cost of pollution is not incurred by the producer. This is negative externality. Negative externalities are commonly found.
  1. Control of Market
Controlling market is when the seller or buyer have the power to determine the prices of goods and services in the market. This market control is possible in case of oligopoly (few sellers) as well as monopoly (single seller). Sellers can increase the prices of commodities and control the quality of it, which may lead to scarcity. When the power is in the hands of the buyers, buyers will dominate by accepting the price at which they are willing to buy not the producer’s said price. This leads to unequal supply of goods and demand.
  1. Lack of Proper Information
When buyers and seller have incomplete or improper information, market does function well. If buyers have incomplete information, they might end up buying goods at higher or lower prices. If sellers have sparse knowledge, then might be willing accept a lower or higher prices than the actual production cost.

How can market failure be eliminated?

Market failure can be prevented by government intervention. Imposing strict rules and regulations is an ideal solution. For instance, unethical behavior like selling drugs or alcohol to underage kids can be controlled by implementing legislation. Even when businesses sell goods or services that cause harm to the consumers, high taxes can be imposed on such goods to avoid consumption. This way the individual consuming it as well as the society is protected from harmful effects of it. Subsidies on consumption of goods will encourage businesses to produce goods and will promote positive externality.