Day: July 6, 2021

Audacity and controversy after its new privacy policy

Audacity is free and open-source software that is available for Linux, Windows, macOS, and other UNIX operating systems. The project was started by Dominic Mazzoni and Roger Dannenberg in the fall of 1999 at Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania. The software was officially released on May 28, 2000. It is a digital audio and recording application. It is one of the most popular free and open-source software with over 100 million downloads.

In July 2021, the software was acquired by the Muse Group. The acquisition has brought several changes in the privacy policy of the software. Audacity is very popular software in the audio editing space and is being used by beginner podcasters and musicians to professionals.  The recent changes in the privacy policy under the new ownership have led to accusations that it is spyware now. The new policy states that alongside collecting user data for “app analytics” and “improving our app”, which is not unusual. But further in the policy statement, it’s mentioned that the data collected will also be used for “Legal enforcement”.

The policy is a little unclear and it states:

“It may share personal data with “any competent law enforcement body, regulatory, the government agency, court, or other third parties where we believe disclosure is necessary.”

https://www.audacityteam.org/about/desktop-privacy-notice/

The language used quite vague but roughly it can be interpreted that Audacity will share data if requested by the law enforcement or court order. But they can also transfer more data if there is a potential buyer or merger in the future.

Another concerning change is the banning of under 13 years old users which was not a case earlier. This also violates the license under which the software is currently distributed.

It has been a concern for many users of the program. But this also raises a bigger question about data collection. This also hints at the intention of the purchase. The software already has a user base of millions and the potential of data collection is rather high. The policy to further distribute the data to third parties is a decision that is being bet with the most criticism. Another thing to understand is that Audacity is a small lightweight piece of open-source standalone software. But with this new policy, the software might no longer remain offline software. But these are still speculations.

Some years back similar instance occurred when Oracle Corporation had acquired a very popular office suite: Open Office. As users and contributors were not happy with the changes under the new ownership of Open Office, a new fork of Open Office was created. Contribution for this new Open Office alternative, Libre Office had increased in a very short period of time and it emerged as a viable successor of Open Office. Soon Libre Office also replaced Open Office in most of the future Linux distributions. There is already a new fork of Audacity and it is being actively worked on.

But we can also interpret it as a case of incorrectly drafted writing. There can be a possibility that the language used in the new policy changes was understood differently and things got overblown.

References:

Why are Relationships so difficult to handle ?

Love is one of the most profound emotions known to human beings. Love is diverse and so is your relationships actually your relationships sometimes define you, it defines your personality in diverse forms, Love and relationships both are beautiful aspects of life but then why they are so difficult to handle ?

Your relationship are like your part of your daily life, they need your constant efforts, attention and time, but sometimes we become so busy that we try to ignore it which leads to discoloration of them, let me give you a simple example –

Suppose you bought a plant for yourself and promise yourself that you will take care of your plant no matter how busy your daily schedule gets, you water them daily, you check upon them daily, you check whether they need some extra care or not if yes, you give them some extra care, some extra nutrients just to make your plant grow more appropriately, that plant is just like your relationship the more you care the more you love it the more it will grow but when you stop taking care of it, umm you might lose it and that can damage you also.

Relationships needs your efforts just as someone said no one is too busy in their day that they couldn’t check up upon you, its all about their priorities.

Make sure you stay connected with people you love, with people you care about because life is not worth living if you don’t have someone with you.

OTT ; THE NEW PLAYGROUND!

Image source

Likewise, the 90s and early 2000s kids and teens were always found playing various sports on the grounds be it in the scrounching heat of summer Or the rainy days. The Gen Z today, are always found sitting in the corner of their rooms, binge watching several movies and series. Now as we got the reference to the title. Let’s take a look at some proofs of it;

According to Deadline’s september 2020 report, “NETFLIX has thrived during COVID-19, adding about 26 million global subscribers in the first half of the year to reach a total of 193 million. The streaming giant has fended off competition from a handful of multi-billion-dollar services coming to market over the past year, including Disney+, Apple TV+ and HBO Max.

According to Omdia (which excludes subscriptions from bundled offers), as of December 2020, Disney+ Hotstar had 18.69 million subscribers, a big jump from 5.36 million in 2019. Amazon Prime Video had 5.83 million subscribers — up from 4.34 million in 2019. The subscriber count of Zee5 and SonyLiv stood at 2.7 million (up from 1.99 million) and 1.81 million (up from 6.5 lakh), respectively, in 2020.

Are you a contributor to these numbers too?. Mostly yes right. OTT platforms, the numerous released web series and the movies has been the biggest buzz of year 2020. While not being permitted to move out of their homes, continue to work Or study properly due to closure of everything, all what people seemed to be left with to entertain themselves was their smartphones, laptops, TVs etc. Some considered this free time, sitting home and watching movies as freedom. Others saw them out of their boredom. Meanwhile the lack of fresh and entertaining content on TV due to lockdown, the slowly growing trends of OTT took a leap up to tremendous success all at once. And thereby arrived a wave of opportunities for the VOD Providers. Each and every every app started collaborating with makers to spruce up their libraries with better shows than competitors and gain as much paid subscribers as possible, leading to a terrific kick start to a era of Digital media. Not only are the platforms realising the need for more and better content but also the demand for the originals hit the grounds due to heavy competition. Netflix, which is the most premium OTT platform in India, charging Rs 499 per month, invested Rs 3,000 crore on Indian originals in 2019-2020. The time spent by each user on these shows increased rapidly, which made every app to double the efforts for attracting more and more rush their way.

Image source

Are These Investments Worth It?

According to reports and speculations future of OTT only seems to get better with time. As all the individuals be it kids, teens or adults with access to high connectivity, smartphones and other smart electronic devices and especially thousands of options of releases to watch everyday are only expected to get more and more addicted to this digital media. Being known to western culture, youngsters today are more into the concepts of privacy, space and being happy by themselves. Rather, than playing outdoor games with friends and being active around. And of course the lockdown restrictions and smartphone fever is hidden from none, which has contributed to growth of desirability of audience towards OTT. Along with that curbing of Theatre releases, also influenced bigger production houses to find their way to exploring VoD platforms. Another important feature here is unavailability of Censore board for OTT yet, which gives users the absolute right to choose what kind of creatives they want to watch. Having options of so many different platforms, with a vast choice of seamless content available on every platform, at reasonable prices, on any device of your choice within comfort of home or at every possible place and at any point of time in the day is and will be all what a person, especially the ones trapped in lockdowns could ask for.

Thus, Current scenarios indicate the most wide range of upcoming opportunities to both foreign and local VoD providers, proving it to become a long term market trend. While the maitained leadership to be expected from the platforms providing the most user friendly features in their apps and sites along with the best content as per the viewers’ personal choices.

5 best ways to recover wifi password

Wireless Fidelity is the expansion for the term  Wifi. It is a wireless network that uses radio signals to transmit internet facilities to the devices closer to the router.

Most people secure their  wifi  connection with a wise and strong password to restrict too many people from its access. But it is wiser to note down the password as most people forget their wifi password and suffer recovering it.

Here are some of the ways that will help you recover your password:

1) Through router login

One of the easiest ways to recover your wifi password is by logging in to your router setup. It is used to set your password in the first place. This method might not be the most effective way to recover one’s password. However, 98% of the time, this method works. All you need is your router admins’ password. But, if in case you don’t have it, you can search on google for a specific router password

Steps:

  1. Grab your laptop, or sit on your desktop. Open your web browser and type the default IP address of most of the routers that are 192.168.0.1.
  2. A box asking for the username and password will appear. Type the username of your router and password.
  3. Then the setup for recovering the password open-ups.
  4. You can now see the wifi password.

2) Through iPhone or Ipad

PassFab iOS Password Manager a powerful and popular software that helps to recover wifi passwords through iPhones and Ipads. Finding ones’ wifi password can be a tricky and risky process. Apple being famous for its security makes recovering your password is a much safer process on iPhones. This method requires a few steps to do the needful.

Steps:

  1. Your PC or laptop must have the PassFab iOS Password Manager software preinstalled and connected to your iPhone or Ipad.
  2. Once you connect your device using a USB cable, begin the scan to initiate the recovery process.
  3. And as soon as the scan completes, you’ll recover your password. You can also export the password to other applications at your convenience.

3) Through windows 10\8\7

This process of recovery comes with some conditions. The first condition is that you must have connected to your wifi connection through your window/PC at least once. The second condition is that if you have connected your wifi to your windows once and then changed your password, you must connect it again with the new password, else you won’t recover your password.

4) Through file explorer

This recovery process involves any file explorer app that supports root mode. 

Steps:

  1. Open the app and enable root explorer because this will help to reach the root folders of the wifi password. 
  2. Find a folder named data under it, is a folder name misc. Open it and then open a folder name wifi and there you’ll find a file name wpa_supplicant.conf.
  3. Then open it and make sure to be careful and make no changes.
  4. There you’ll have your password.

5) Through mac system

As finding passwords on windows is easy same is the case with mac system. Apple is famous for its security and mac system has an inbuilt feature to store all the passwords making it simple to recover the password. 

Steps:

  1. Search for “Keychain Access” by accessing “utilities” from “Application”
  2. The list of login items appears.
  3. From the left pane of the windows click on ‘Airport Network Password’
  4. Once you find the wireless network for which you are recovering the password, all the information related to the network will display.
  5. Click on show password.

These are some of the most effective ways to recover your wifi password. There is a lot of other ways too. Some of them are listed below:

  1. Through the router’s web interface
  2. Through wifi key recovery.
  3. Through command prompt.

3D PRINTING

3D Printing is an new and emerging field of biotechnology, it’s a field of revolution in science, the earliest record of 3D printing through the additive process was the Japanese inventor Hideo Kodama in 1981. He created a product that used ultraviolet lights to harden polymers and create solid objects. This is a stepping stone to stereolithography (SLA).Overall 3D printing has changed and improved over the past thirty years. SLA, SLS, and FDM show the history of 3D printing, and thus how it became a vital tool for manufacturing. It allows you to make virtually anything simply by creating a computer file

HOW DOES IT WORKS ?

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a method of creating a three dimensional object layer-by-layer using a computer created design.3D printing is an additive process whereby layers of material are built up to create a 3D part. This is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing processes, where a final design is cut from a larger block of material. As a result, 3D printing creates less material wastage.

3D Printing Technologies :

There are three broad types of 3D printing technology; sintering, melting, and stereolithography.

  • Sintering is a technology where the material is heated, but not to the point of melting, to create high resolution items. Metal powder is used for direct metal laser sintering while thermoplastic powders are used for selective laser sintering.
  • Melting methods of 3D printing include powder bed fusion, electron beam melting and direct energy deposition, these use laser, electron beams to print objects by melting the materials together.
  • Stereolithography utilizes photopolymerization to create parts. This technology uses the correct light source to interact with the material in a selective manner to cure and solidify a cross section of the object in thin layers.

3D Printing Processes :

3D printing has been categorised into seven groups by ISO/ASTM 52900 additive manufacturing – general principles – terminology. All forms of 3D printing fall into one of the following types:

  1. Binder Jetting
  2. Direct Energy Deposition
  3. Material Extrusion
  4. Material Jetting
  5. Powder Bed Fusion
  6. Sheet Lamination
  7. VAT Polymerization

Applications

  • Most common application is organ transplantation, and are also used for producing metal orthopedic implants. Due to 3D printing’s capabilities for creating porous surfaces, these types of implants more easily integrate with the patient’s own natural bones, allowing them to grow into the implant.
  • 3D printing applications that are used in construction include extrusion (concrete/cement, wax, foam, and polymers), powder bonding (polymer bond, reactive bond, sintering) and additive welding. 3D printing in construction has a wide array of applications in the private, commercial, industrial and public sectors. Advantages of these technologies include allowing more complexity and accuracy, faster construction, lower labor costs, greater functional integration, and less waste.

PRIME MINISTER WISHES THE DALAI LAMA ON HIS BIRTHDAY

Prime Minister Narendra Modi tweeted on Tuesday that he called spiritual leader Dalai Lama on his 86th birthday. 

This comes only the second time in PM Modi’s tenure that he greeted the Dalai Lama. The previous and current ruling governments have generally cornered themselves to make any remark on the Tibetan Leader who has been living in exile in India since 1959. 

The sudden change in India’s stance comes during the ongoing border tension between India and China. Furthermore, Chinese communist party is celebrating 100 years of its formation.

To appease China, Indian leaders and bureaucrats stumbled in the past to interact with the Dalai Lama and whenever they did China made a strong protest.

In 2017, when the Dalai Lama paid a visit to  Arunachal Pradesh, China showed its aggression through the 73 days long Doklam standoff. 

Other cabinet ministers, Nitin Gadkari, Hardeep Singh Puri and several chief ministers including Arunachal Pradesh CM wished the Dalai Lama

The persevering struggle for 62 years in exile speaks volumes about the spiritual leader His Holiness the Dalai Lama and Tibetans living around the world

NEW DIMENSIONS TO DEATH- GRAY,BROWNING AND DICKINSON

If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
                               -Percy Bysshe Shelley (Ode to the West Wind)

Such spirited start, isn’t it? Poets literally can change our thoughts with mere lines. So are the poems that deal with Death.

“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, “Prospice” and “Because I could not stop for Death” are on top of the list when it comes to overcome the fear of death. In the three years of my graduation I read these poems in the respective order and I must say there was an orderly development in my thought which I would like to share with you. Some of you might even connect with it.

Our generation is dealing with Death more closely than any other. With the help of advanced technology and advanced mutants of novel corona virus, the world is ‘connecting’ rapidly! It’s a time where no one is untouched by the feeling of anxiety or depression. Therefore it is crucial to keep the mind afresh. Why not to give a kick start to brain by reading through the lines of poetry instead of covid news every morning.

Gray and his Elegy

“The boast of heraldry, the pomp of pow’r,
         And all that beauty, all that wealth e’er gave,
Awaits alike th’ inevitable hour.
         The paths of glory lead but to the grave.“

In his poem Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard(1757), Thomas Gray talks about inevitability of death. While the traditional elegy form memorializes an individual’s death, but Gray expands the form to encompass death as a phenomenon that all of humankind inevitably experiences. He talks of big ambitious people who look with contempt at the poor people, they all are lying buried in the ground. Thus giving the message that death is blind to mankind’s social constructs such as class distinction. Death is the ultimate leveler.

Reading this poem makes one realise how futile is living; living by boasting of all the achievements, all the wealth; because one day when the end comes one will have to leave all these behind. Here come the reality check.

Browning’s Prospice

Written after his wife’s death whom he loved dearly, Robert Browning describes his idea of combating Death in his 1861 poem Prospice.

“I was ever a fighter, so—one fight more,
The best and the last!
I would hate that death bandaged my eyes and forbore,
And bade me creep past.
No! let me taste the whole of it, fare like my peers..”

Browning treats Death as his enemy. The poet is not at all afraid of the physical troubles that come at the time of death. The symptoms of death does not deter him. Browning says that even the heroes of antiquity had to face death and fight it bravely. Common man should derive inspiration from them and be prepared to meet death bravely and cheerfully like them. If we do so, we can overcome it in one minute. Death is scary only when we are afraid of it. As a matter of fact, even the worst moment of death becomes enjoyable and appears to be the best for those who have got courage in them. After all, through death, we pass into another life and pass into Heaven if we are brave.  

This verse is an absolute necessity. It radiates optimism- the need of the hour. And also the power to fight the fear.

Because I could not stop for Death by Emily Dickinson

“Because I could not stop for Death —

He kindly stopped for me —

The Carriage held but just Ourselves —

And Immortality.“

Emily Dickinson is one of the giants of American literature. She was little known during her life time but became immensely popular after the posthumous publication of her works. Dickinson’s poems reflect her “early and lifelong fascination” with illness, dying and death. The poem contains a gentlemanly appearance of personified Death. The use of words such as ‘kindly’, ‘civility’ create a positive image of usually feared Death in our mind. There are many guesses over the poem’s actual meaning. Some interpret it as the Christian belief in the afterlife. According to the Christian faith, that first life stops and following death we encounter immortality through our existence in the after life.

My personal interpretation was related to the thought “We are born to die”; such that since the birth Death waits for us and in the whole journey of life Death is the only constant companion. Nevertheless, the whole poem gave a soothing feel and therefore evolved my perspective about death.

After 140 Years, Biologists Have ‘Resurrected’ The Genus of These Weird Yellow Cells

Deep in the tissues of sea anemones, corals, and jellyfish are strange yellow cells which are genetically distinct from the marine animals.

https://news.psu.edu/photo/662854/2021/07/01/yellow-cells

More than a century after these cells were first assigned a now forgotten genus, a new paper has resurrected the name and described six new species from around the world.https://7ebdf40ca650dbb49550c30c7626f99f.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html

“Because our team comprises scientists from seven countries, we were able to collect all of these samples, and some during the global pandemic,” said lead author of the study, biologist Todd LaJeunesse from Penn State University.

“This study highlights how the spirit of scientific discovery brings people together, even in times of hardship.”

First described in 1881, the yellow things were originally classified under the genus Zooxanthella by scientist Karl Brandt. Brandt also coined the term zooxanthellae, which is used colloquially to this day.

However, another scientist – a Scotsman called Patrick Geddes – was investigating these yellow cells at the same time. In 1882, without having seen Brandt’s work, Geddes discovered that not only were the cells separate from the animals they were within (something Brandt had also established), but that they were beneficial, acting as mutualistic symbiotes.

The genus Geddes established to categorize these cells was Philozoon, from the Greek words for ‘to love as a friend’ and ‘animal’. Unfortunately, Brandt came first, so the Philozoon genus was never used; Geddes switched to work in urban planning, and the newly named genus was largely forgotten.null

We are now well aware that these odd microorganisms Geddes and Brandt worked on back in the day are photosynthetic dinoflagellates – single-celled algae found in symbiosis with other marine life, such as corals – under the family Symbiodiniaceae.

In the new study, researchers took a closer look at these yellow cells, using genetic data, geographical data and morphology to analyze where exactly they should sit in the genetic tree.

And after determining that these creatures need to be put into a new genus, the team pulled the genus Philozoon out of retirement for two old species and six new ones.

“We emend the genus Philozoon Geddes and two of its species, P. medusarum and P. actiniarum, and describe six new species,” the team wrote in their paper.

“Each symbiont species exhibits high host fidelity for particular species of sea anemone, soft coral, stony coral and a rhizostome jellyfish.” 

The team wrote that Philozoon are found in shallow, temperate marine habitats around the world, including the Mediterranean Sea, eastern Australia, New Zealand, and Chile.

“Since most of the algae in the family Symbiodiniaceae have been thought to be mostly tropical where they are critical to the formation of coral reefs, finding and describing these new species in cold waters highlights the capacity of these symbioses to evolve and live under a broad range of environmental conditions,” explains LaJeunesse.

“Life finds a way to persist and proliferate.”

The research has been published in the European Journal of Phycology.

MIMO Configuration

The various types of single/multiple antenna connections are defined as follows:

  • SISO – Single Input Single Output
  • SIMO – Single Input Multiple Output
  • MISO – Multiple Input Single Output
  • MIMO – Multiple Input Multiple Output

SISO – Single Input Single Output

SISO – Single Input Single Output – is the simplest version of the radio connection in MIMO terminology. This is essentially a normal radio channel, as both the transmitter and receiver use a single antenna. There is no need for extra processing because there is no variety.

A SISO system has the benefit of being simple. In terms of the different types of diversity that may be utilized, SISO does not require any processing. The SISO channel, on the other hand, has performance limitations. The system will be more affected by interference and fading than a MIMO system, and the channel bandwidth is restricted by Shannon’s law, with the throughput being determined by the channel bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio.

SIMO – Single Input Multiple Output

The SIMO (Single Input Many Output) variant of MIMO uses a single antenna for the transmitter and multiple antennas for the reception. Receiving diversity is another name for this. It’s frequently employed to counter the effects of fading in a receiver system that receives signals from several independent sources. It has been used for many years to fight the effects of ionospheric fading and interference with short wave listening/receiving stations.

SIMO has the benefit of being very simple to implement, but it does have certain drawbacks, such as the need for processing in the receiver. In many applications, SIMO may be appropriate, however, if the receiver is situated in a mobile device, such as a cellular handset, processing levels may be constrained by size, cost, and battery drain.

MISO – Multiple Input Single Output

Transmit diversity is another name for MISO. The identical data is redundantly broadcast from the two transmitter antennas in this scenario. The receiver is thus able to receive the best signal, which it may subsequently utilize to retrieve the data it needs.

MISO has the advantage of transferring numerous antennas and redundancy coding/processing from the receiver to the transmitter. This may be a substantial benefit in situations like cellphone UEs, saving space for antennas, and lowering the amount of processing necessary in the reception for redundancy coding. Because the reduced degree of processing demands less energy use, this has a beneficial influence on size, cost, and battery life.

MIMO – Multiple Input Multiple Output

MIMO stands for Multiple Input Multiple Output, and it occurs when both ends of a radio link have more than one antenna. Both channel robustness and channel throughput may be improved using MIMO.

It is important to be able to use coding on the channels to segregate the data from the different routes in order to fully benefit from MIMO. This involves processing, but it adds to the channel’s robustness and data throughput capability. The underlying principle behind MIMO technology is that more antennas equal greater data transfer. MIMO is a potential technique for meeting greater demands in modern wireless networks.

TOURIST SPOTS IN WESTBENGAL

Tourist spots are places of uncommon attractiveness. West Bengal stretches from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal. On the north there are beautiful mountain ranges in Darjeeling the queen of hill towns.

Darjeeling gives beautiful view of sunrise on Kanchenjunga. From Darjeeling one can come to Kalimpong. One can take a short trip to Mirik, to see a sweet water lake. There is a forest at Jaldapara where wild animals move freely. Next, Kolkata is the chief tourist spot in West Bengal.

There are the museum, zoo, Jain Temple, Kalighat Temple, Metro Railway, planetarium, Science City, etc. Outside Kolkata there are the temple of Dakshineswar and Belur which are associated with Ramakrishna and Vivekananda.

Further down there is the Sundarban inhabited by the Royal Bengal Tiger the national animal of India. Out in the district, the religious places like Tarapith and Kamarpukur attract à large number of tourists every day.

Next there is Santiniketan an abode of peace where Visva Bharati University was set up by Rabindranath. Those interested in historical places will find Gaur and Murshidabad interesting.

To see the ancient art of Bengal, tourists are to come to Bankura and Bishnupur.The sea beach Digha attracts many tourists every day.

Movies with social causes

All kinds of movies impact our society and popular culture. Let’s look at movies in the last decade that have woven a social message in the fabric storytelling.

3 idiots (Rajkumar Hirani, 2009)

The movie has a social message in different scenes. It shows how parental pressure can sometimes be extreme, and lead a child ending his/her life. The most important message in the movie is that any child if he/she is poor/rich needs an opportunity for good education. This is emulated by the protagonist, Rancho, who is the son of a house help and given the opportunity to study. Rancho, who comes out from top of his class, takes the path less travelled, and shows that there are more ways to give back to society and can become successful in life. He earn a respectable living also.

Taare Zameen Par ( Aamir Khan, Amole Gupte, Ram Madhvani, 2007)

The movie uses all its characters to depict different kinds of people that make our society. The movie explores the needs of special children and what society do to help them. This movie shows that how a special child can overcome his obstacles and can become successful in life. Every individual is gifted and how pursuing their inherent interest will only result in excellence.

P.K (Rajkumar Hirani, 2014)

Aamir Khan plays PK, an alien, who comes to earth and loses the device that is necessary to take him back to his world. In search of the device, Aamir Khan comes across many problems. The movie delivers the social message that there are many elements in the society who have managed to make man forget that, be it any religion – values are not convoluted, and were never meant to be.

Mardaani ( Pradeep Sarkar, 2014)

In this movie, protagonist Rani Mukherjee is an educated and empowered women who makes no bones about being in a male dominated field of work, and feels absolutely comfortable. The movie represent the very important issues such as child trafficking and child sex rackets. It also has a social message about just how vulnerable the kids, the kids are innocent especially the kids who are on the streets that is why they are quickly get robbed.

OMG! Oh My God (Umesh Shukla, 2012)

No one expected Akshay Kumar to come out with a movie that would disrupt religious sects. The movie exposes the people who have commercialized God and

faith, and play with emotions of simple, many times poor Indians.

So, these are some of the movies with social causes.

Public administration and development related

INTRODUCTION:-

public administration at the local, regional, national and international levels where it is directed to managing development processes in low and medium income countries. It gives special attention to investigations of the management of all phases of public policy formulation and implementation which have an interest and importance beyond a particular government and state. PAD has a particular interest in the link between public administration practice and management research and provides a professional and academic forum for reporting on new experiences and experiments. PAD also publishes
articles on development management research in the NGO sector. It is widely read by academics and practitioners alike, including consultants, donors and policy advisers. With its case study approach, it is also frequently used for teaching and training purposes.

Public Administration and Development

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The increasing popularity of homegrown brands

Homegrown as the word itself says about something, that originates from the home. Homegrown things always count superior than any other in the same category, homegrown is a popular category of product in any brand be it agriculture, textiles etc. They have established a greater place in the market. Currently, homegrown brands are trending all over the internet and among consumers the reason behind this is the features that they offer.

Homegrown brands range from clothing, accessories to pickles, papard and sustainable utility products. The primary reason behind the success of homegrown brands is its association of with local people and market. Not only they promote local but, as the number of homegrown brands increases the chain strengthens and they further inspire other citizens to be a contributor, be it in the form of a entrepreneur or consumer. The people who initiate, encourage, promote, buy and work at homegrown are all ultimately a part of the economy and as a result, the aim of economic development is fulfilled. The interesting fact that came up with homegrown is the independence and creativity it offers; well people are getting much creative about their work from brand name to the finished product a touch of creativity is everywhere and independence as in working on your own as home-grown entrepreneurs. Who are helping others to earn a livelihood for instance- many homegrown brands have given job opportunities to the artisans from rural areas including women they are able to fit in the organisation, learning new skills and earning better livelihood.

The homegrown brands are giving good competition to international brands in some countries, trying to succeed in every term from production to advertisement. Additionally, they decide a unique motive and purpose like sustainability, eco-friendly, product for special needs. These days customers are very demanding, they are aware and always looking for products that can make their life easy. Home grown brands is about unique ideas, it also includes bringing up the local ideas and helping them transform practically.

Many people say that that local sometimes cost much higher than branded but, the reason behind this can be found in the working and what they serve to the society firstly, it is not an easy task to start a local brand, it takes a lot more efforts initially. The cost of quality, the cost of trust and the cost of efforts which they have to put in to make the product stand out from the product of an already famous and established brand, which is sometimes not even from your own country. However, there are affordable brands too who provide additional services in the same charges.

Homegrown has become extremely popular and still growing. Afterall, it is not a bad idea to support something fresh and that originally belongs to your own country. A change is quite visible and people are accepting home grown really well. This is a good sign for the makers and founders of homegrown, this motivates them to work and innovate more.

Movie Review – Tribhanga

Plot Introduction:

The plot revolves around 3 generations of Women – Nayantara (a well-known writer ), her daughter Anuradha ( a ravishing, confident and courageous actress ) and her granddaughter Masha ( a kind-hearted young homemaker). All three of them are absolutely different from one another and the character of one had effects on the other. The plot unveils the effects and emotions of the three women at various parts of their lives.

Noteworthy Nayantara :

“Artists are simple people with complex minds”’

Artists, writers, actors are ingenious creatures who can take you to a new and unexplored world with their works. This is possible because of their imagination which requires a peaceful environment. But unfortunately, these 3 are the professions which are least valued by our society. People fail to understand that creative work evolved out of peace and time. Nayantara is passionate about writing and never fails to sacrifice the time she spends for it which was quite unacceptable those days. Hence she made a decision that could give her the freedom she always needed, unaware of the effects it would cause to her daughter. 

Anuradha and Attitude: 

“Don’t judge a book by its cover”

Anuradha is affected by the separation of her parents in her childhood days which eventually makes her lose confidence in marriage and relationships. Hence she chooses the wild path and lives as a daring woman. The common mistake done by most of us is to judge people based on their attitude, behaviour, reactions etc. Every person we meet in our daily life is having some or another problem and undergoing stress because of the same. Some may be good at expressing their feelings. Some struggle to express their inner self. They need their own time to recover which is neglected most of the time. 

Masha with mysteries:

“The bruises of child abuse may heal but the scars will last for a lifetime”

According to research, it has been proved that adults who have been victims of sexual abuse are more likely to be affected by mental health, guilt, depression. When a girl is sexually abused in her childhood days, it affects her internally leading to an unsuccessful marriage. Either she cannot be emotionally attached to her family due to guilt or she might be petrified so that she accepts abuse in every other form from her partner just to retain the marital status. This is more evident in India due to the standards set by society. Masha was portrayed as a living example of child abuse in this film. 

Her mother had a unique standard of living which affected Masha in various ways. One of the boyfriends of her mother abused her at childhood days which gave adverse effects on Masha. She was petrified to confess the truth to her mother. Hence she accepted every other terms and conditions proposed by her in laws.

Communication is the key:

The plot described in Tribhanga could be easily related to our lives.  Every child takes an oath inside to avoid the gap persisting between them and their parents and remain as a cool parent in the future. But somehow or other the gap seems to continue over generations. The only solution for the problem is effective communication from both sides. 

https://www.india.com/viral/child-abuse-in-india-5-shocking-facts-revealed-by-the-unicef-125712/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribhanga_(film)

why friendships are precious?

Friendship is the treasure trove of connections on love and acceptance. It’s a bond between two people who feel like home. The friendship bond one develops can last for a day, a month or even years. I’m sure that all of us here have a set of friends for whom yo will be willing to do anything. I mean I know I do. Like for example even if I plan on going to hell, they all will tag along with me. Its really hard to find friends who you would get along with- and im not the best at making friends either- but I do feel its very important to make friends wherever you go- and some of those friendships turn out to be the best ones you’ve had. Like for example- last year when isc started- all my friends moved on to joining junior colleges and I was the only one in my friend group who got into isc-the first few months it was very hard for me to make friends- but after a while I did and they turned out to be one of the best ones ive had- and slowly I became friends with a lot of people in class too which im really glad about.

As a person grows up, they come across different types of friends. Who only want to be friends just because of your status, some who act nice in front of you but talk mean things about you behind your back, some who you are only friends with because they are in your class and you don’t want to be lonely which makes sense- these are all examples of unhealthy friendships. Even if you cant figure out if your friendship with someone is genuine or not, my personal take on this is make them meet your mom. Every friendship of mine that my mom didn’t approve of turned out to be really unhealthy for me – obviously at the time I denied it but now when I think of it, well she was right

 But in the end- you will always find friends who will always have your back no matter what, with who you will have a number of inside jokes, with who you can laugh so hard that your stomach starts to ache and also help you out and listen to you when you need them. But most importantly, they don’t judge you for anything you do- even if it’s the weirdest dorkiest, nicest or the worst thing you do and who NEVER bring you down no matter what.

Ive done a LOT of things that im not really proud of doing and yet my friends haven’t judged me for it even for a split second.

For me, the definition of friends is that they are those people who are as important to me as my family.