Day: July 19, 2021

CASE ANALYSIS

BHIM SINGH V. STATE OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR

INTRODUCTION
An arrest made without reasonable suspicion and the individual arrested is concerned in a cognizable offence, can give rise to a claim
for damages for false or wrongful imprisonment. Considering the needs of the day where  illegal arrest is made without any rhyme or
reason and with total abuse of the power, Courts are not lagging behind in awarding a suitable compensation and exemplary cost to the
ultimate sufferer in such a scenario . In such situations, Courts are not supposed to remain silent spectators. For the wrongful arrest of
the group of persons under section 151of Criminal Procedure Code, the police had been directed to pay Rs.10000 as a compensation
to every individual that was arrested. Where it is shown that an arrested individual ,with mischievous and malicious intent , the Court
shall have the power to compensate the sufferer by granting suitable monetary compensation and exemplary cost. The Constitutional
safeguard for the protection of arrested persons is in general violated by police officials and sometimes, Magistrate may also neglect to
act in accordance with the law and such a situation arose in Bhim Singh vs. State.

FACTS OF THE CASE
Mr. Bhim Singh, an MLA of Jammu and Kashmir was arrested and was detained in police custody and was deliberately prevented
from attending sessions of the legislative assembly that were held on 11th September, 1985. He was arrested on an intervening night
between 9th and 10th September 1985 by the Quiz kunda police station’s officer , on an allegation that a case under section 153A of
Ranbir Penal Code has been registered against him for delivering an inflammatory speech at the public gathering held near parade
ground, Jammu on 8th September 1985. He was not produced before the Magistrate till 13th September. As his whereabouts were not
known, a writ of habeas corpus was filed in the supreme court by his wife. On inquiry of the Supreme Court, it was found that Mr.
Bhim Singh was illegally detained by the police, aided by collusion and by a casual attitude with the Magistrate, who ordered for
remand without production of the arrested person before him. The Court pointed out that the Magistrate acted without proper sense of
responsibility for personal liberty and the police arrested the imprisoned with malicious intent and it certainly was a gross violation of
the constitutional right of the accused person under article 21 and 22(2).

JUDGEMENT BY THE COURT
After hearing the arguments of both the parties and taking into consideration the facts of the case , the honorable Supreme court has
observed that the law enforcement officials acted in the most arbitrary way and ruled “if the non-public liberty of a member of
the legislature is to be treated within such fashion ,one can only think of what may happen to lesser mortals”. Moving forward ,the
apex court reminded the duties of “police officials who are , the custodians of law and order within any state should have the
best respect for private liberty of citizens and will not float the laws by stopping to such absurd acts of lawlessness. Custodians of law
and order must not become the predators of civil liberties. Their duty is to safeguard .” Chinnappa Reddy J. and Khalid J. followed the
choice of Supreme Court in Rudul Shah and Sebastian Hongray cases and expressed their view that , when someone involves us with

the complaint that he has been arrested with mischievous and malicious intentions ,where  his Constitutional and legal rights were
invaded, the malice and invasion might not be washed away by his being unfettered. The petitioner for such gross violation of the
fundamental rights granted to him by the constitution of our country ,was awarded monetary compensation by way of exemplary
costs. Within the cases of ‘ Rudul Shah v. State of Bihar and Anr.’ and within the case of ‘ Sebastian Hongray v. UOI, it has been
 noticed that just in case of such a violation of the basic rights provided by the Constitution, it is necessary to compensate the victim
by way of exemplary costs. The respondent, the State of Jammu and Kashmir was ordered to pay to the petitioner Rs.5000 within 2
months starting from the date of the judgment. The number was to be deposited with the Registrar of the Court which might then be
paid to the petitioner
ANALYSIS
The tort of false imprisonment is one of the most severe kinds of human rights violations. The Indian socio-legal system is based on
non-violence, mutual respect and human dignity of an individual. Even prisoners have human rights because, the prison torture is not
the last drug in the Justice Pharmacopoeia but a confession of failure to do justice to a man alive . In fact, the same is recognized by
Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Article 20 with its sub-clauses re-enforces this and seeks to protect convicts from being held
down due to ex post facto laws (Art. 20 (a)), double jeopardy (Art. 20 (b)) and self-incrimination (Art. 20 (c)).
The right of a person to personal liberty, freedom, and life with dignity has been guaranteed and safe guarded by the Constitution
under Articles 20 and 21 and cannot be abrogated even during an emergency, and false imprisonment is incongruous of the same
situation. The fact that a convict is imprisoned and has to serve a sentence, doesn’t give the jail authorities any right to trouble or
torment him unnecessarily. It is a false notion that the prisoner subject to intolerable hardships is remediless. The term of
imprisonment is a decisive and vital factor that is to be considered in order to compute and award damages. And while awarding
damages for false imprisonment physical or mental injury has to be kept in mind. The mere fact that the person has been imprisoned
raises the claim of nominal or compensatory damages, if no other harm was caused to the plaintiff. If the person is unlawfully

confined or tormented by any police officer or government officer, then he/she or any person on his behalf can file for the writ of
habeas corpus. The writ ensures the liberty of the person who has been confined. The person who is about to be falsely arrested or
imprisoned can also use reasonable force in order to prevent false arrest. He can use this force for self-defense but has to make sure
that the force used is reasonable based on the circumstances.

CONCLUSION
Social and economic justice is the signature tune of the Indian Constitution. It guarantees and protects fundamental rights that cannot
be ordinarily derogated from. To protect these rights, the Constitution has provided for writ remedies enforceable by the High Courts
and the Supreme Court of India . Often these rights are violated by the state, though in some cases private parties may also be
involved. An important dimension of these remedies is the award of compensation as part of the relief that can be granted to the
affected person. This arises from the fact that not only does the state have a legal duty in protecting the rights guaranteed, but also a
social duty to compensate the affected individuals or parties when the state violates any of these rights. Through various decisions of
the Courts in India, it may be stated that this dream of human rights enthusiasts is now an obligation of the state. The rights have been
interpreted to imply a contract between the State and the citizens, a breach of which might be regressive monetarily.

A formalist analysis of Lana Del Rey’s song Summertime Sadness

Summertime Sadness from Lana Del Rey’s album Born to Die displays a rollercoaster of emotions the song writer might have gone through while writing the song. As the song begins we listen to a very high spirited singer, head over heels in love with her “summertime sadness”. They are separated by whatever reason that is not yet revealed to the auditors, but the singer craves for that one last touch of love, a kiss before she is swept away from her love and to reassure her beloved that he/she is the best. The buoyant singer is now dressed up in a red dress contrasting to the pale moon, which symbolises how she is trying to lift up her  spirits by dressing up, getting her hair done even while she is still surrounded by the pale moonlight, showing the sadness shes impersed in both internally and surrounding her externally. But even on this eerie night with a pale moon, she is trying to seek happiness and somehow relieve herself from the melancholy that’s surrounding her, she even takes off her heels, a simple act of pleasure for girls, yet she fails to achieve the state of complacency.

Right from the pre-chorus of the song, it’s slowly revealed how the singer is starting to feel low again, and that her rollercoaster of emotions is tipping low. She feels the unease slowly creeping into her, she feels it in the air, she feels even the telephone wires are being ominous, they are sizzling as if something bad is to happen to her; then we see her drowned in a new set of emotions where she feels strong. She believes that nothing can scare her anymore, as if things that she was terrified of had already happened to her. Even when she’s burnt with the feeling of loss, she is not ready to give up  nor is she complaining about her beloved, who has abandoned her. She is reassured that even after losing her loved one, living through that loss, even though the fires are fast burning around her, she is no longer scared, she will keep herself afloat. 

Throughout the song she sings about her summertime sadness. Contradicting the popular belief of having seasonal depression during winters, Lana has a summertime sadness, for her summer is the cruelest. It points to the possibility that she might have lost her beloved in a summer. It could also signify her getting reminded of the warmth of the summer time memories she created with her beloved, that is making her write these saddest lines and and through these summer days she is reliving her happy memories. The refrain of the lines

Kiss me hard before you

My summertime sadness 

I just wanted you to know 

That baby, your the best

Shows how the loss has scarred her deep. She is deeply affected, but never angry at her summertime sadness, for her he/she is still the best. She is still keen for a chance to see her summertime sadness again, to give a tight kiss one last time. Maybe she regrets a missed chance, maybe she craves to experience their last meeting again. 

From the second verse of the song, we get a glimpse of her summertime sadness. While she’s driving down at high speed, she feels an electric wave passing through her, she is not scared of her speed as she has her “baby by her heavenly side”. This is the first time it is revealed, her summertime sadness has passed on to the heavenly side. Which shows why she was never angry at her beloved, for leaving her. The last bridge of the song describes the feelings Lana has reserved for her beloved. She sings,

Think I’ll miss you forever

Like the stars miss the sun in the morning skies

Later’s better than never

Even if you’re gone I’m gonna drive, drive, drive

She is deeply mourning the death, she is driving her life forward only keeping in mind the destination where she could meet her beloved again.

While watching the accompanying video of the song, we get a clear image of her summertime sadness. The video is open ended and gives space for a lot more speculation. One of the conclusions that we can arrive at is the fact that her best friend/lover committed suicided, as we see a girl in white dress jumping off of a cliff. She is mourning the death and waits to pass on to the heavenly side and meet her again. She is in her red dress, driving down in about ‘99. Her suicidal tendencies or her anticipation for her death is clear from the countdown, “1..2..3..4..” resonating in the background. She wants to meet her bad baby on the heavenly side as fast as she could. This conclusion gains strength furthermore with the first words you hear when you listen to the song which says, “know that i love you forever, ok bye”. While correlating the lyrics with the music video, another possible explanation comes up. It can also be seen as a dead person’s message to her friend she’s leaving behind on the earthly side. It’s a message that reassures her summertime sadness, that she is happy and is not tense to take the leap. She is ready to take her own life. She is all dressed up, yet she takes her heels off, signifying how she is rectifying even the smallest discomfort she faces, she is no longer ready to suffer, she decides to move on to the painless world as she dawns her life with a countdown. She’s singing to her friend as she is leaving for the other world, the song signifies that last few moments of her life, as we see Lana’s happy memories playing on as if on a loop. 

It is an enigmatic song filled with the deep sense of loss for a loved one. The song could be about her personal journey of loss of a beloved or her a beautiful suicide note she is composing before she passes on to the other world.

Child Labour

The term “Child Labour” is often defined as the work which deprives children of their childhood and the right to education which is mentally and physically exhausting that impairs growth and personality. Not every work performed by a child comes under the act of child labour, for an instance doing a part-time job with schooling or working at a firm during vacation etc. do not fall in such category. Most often, child labour occurs when families face huge financial crises or uncertainty such as extreme poverty or sudden death of the only earner of the family.

Child labour leads to extreme mental and bodily harm that leads to staggering consequences such as slavery, economic or sexual exploitation. Extreme pressure of work suffocates their existence as a result of which minors lag from education and cuts off from school ultimately.

Child labour is equally fatal for boy and girl child but girls often face more hardship because the chances of girls being sexually harassed are quite frequent. Apart from it, managing work, household chores and school concurrently are next to impossible due to which giving up education seems the only option that drags girls towards poverty even more.

Several industries such as mining, brick industry, agriculture, garment industry, tobacco factory, bangle industries etc. employ children to work all day long at the minimum possible wage. Among forenamed industries, agriculture is the largest employer of child labour, worldwide. Working under such a situation puts health at a higher risk and more exposed to malnutrition.

Nearly half of the child labour records in Africa followed by Asia and the Pacific that contributes almost 62 million children.

Globally the incidence of child labour decreased from 25% to 10% between 1960 and 2003, according to the World Bank. Nonetheless, the total number of child labourers remains high as per UNICEF that is an estimated data of 168 million children aged 5–17 worldwide were involved in child labour in 2013. The increasing case of child labour is a serious issue that needs to be addressed at the earliest so as to safeguard every nation against poverty.

Startups in agricultural industry

Startups that is changing the agricultural industry

1.Farm2fam
A Mumbai startup by keya Salot founded in January 2019, she is a law graduate and has experience working with reputed law firms. The startup is about growing microgreens free of chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, and delivery straight to customers. they intend to combine technology with Indian cultural steps to create nutritious products.

2.Ninjacart
A Bangalore- based Startup founded by Thirukumaran Nagaranjan in 2015, it helps more than thousands of farmers to sell their produce (vegetables and fruits ) every day to more than 800 retailers and restaurants in Bengaluru. they have raised total funding of $194.2 million.

  1. Waycool
    2015 founded a food distribution company that has a network of 35,000 farmers, intending to fix the perishable supply chain. They have raised total funding of $64.9 Million. Recently they have 19 active technologies for their website.

4.Agrowave
A startup with intention of helping farmers by connecting them directly to businesses, eliminating middlemen, and building a proper supply chain management. It was founded by a Delhi IIT alumni, with a back story behind this startup when she saw all the struggles her grandfather used to face as he was a farmer in Rajasthan. recent Revenue 27 crore.

5.MeraKisan
A company to help local farmers by providing seasonal vegetables and fruits straight to consumers. Started by An IT engineer Prashant Patil in 2014 with a revenue of 30 crores. Recently, there is variety in its products such as pulses, cereals along with superfood and organic cooking oil, even including smoothies, salads under the brand Saboro Lounge. It is roped in by a joint venture between Mahindra Univeg Pvt.Ltd and Belgium -based Univeg, Greenyard Foods.

What to do at home-making it useful-How to stay active

These times are difficult for everyone and most of us are either too tensed about work or have nothing to do besides sitting idle. It gets difficult to spend a single day now. So what can you do to make your day productive without getting bored ? You can follow some simple steps to enhance your skills on one side and make your day not go waste.

  • Start by waking up early morning

When you wake up late, the whole day already gets ruined to an extent. You will feel a burden of work left to do or you will find it difficult to spend the rest of the day due to the laziness built because of waking up late. An early morning routine provides freshness and energy for the whole day.

Start with a cup of tea/coffee or juice as per your preference. Apples are good to eat in the morning since are more effective than caffeine to wake you up. Make a to-do list if you have any tasks lined up for the day. After around half an hour, switch to exercising or do Yoga to stretch the muscles and start a healthy day with strength and good mood. It also helps to sharpen the mind and concentrate on your work. But do the exercises only to your capacity as a beginner. Take some rest after this by watching T.V or using your phone.

Photo by Angela Roma on Pexels.com

Next go to a green place which can be a park, your garden or just between your beautiful plants on the terrace or balcony. They provide peace to the mind and send good vibes with their greenery. spend some time with them by watering and taking care of them. Observe the nature through them; how they grow, what they need to grow, how to take good are of them and arrange them in a better way( use the plants to decorate the house, buy more to spread good vibes around the house…). Studying about nature gives immense pleasure and is always interesting to learn. You can do this activity before exercising as well.

  • Develop a New Skill

There are a lot of things to do at home which can not only help you remain engaged but also give a chance to enhance your skills or develop new.

  • You can test on cooking, for instance. Check on new recipes to water your mouth for lunch. Make for your daily dinner a surprise dish to merry on. This way you will learn new things while enjoying it.
  • You can also devote time to painting or stitching.
  • Maintaining a diary to improve your writing skills or pen down your thoughts.
  • Learning to play musical instruments or handling technical devices is another option.

You can enhance your existing skills too in the spare time.

  • Create an Environment

To move out your laziness and stay happy and healthy, it is important to maintain a cherishing environment where you will never be bored of staying. How is it to be done? The answer is to decorate your house in a bright yet simple way that it adores you and create a happy environment for you to stay active all round the day. Make changes to the routine set up of your room and turn over the sheets of depression and stress into joy. Paint your walls, add photo frames to it or some show pieces on the table. Make crafts by yourself to spend the time and enjoy the process. A happy environment will keep you cherished and active. Always try to do something different for Yourself.

  • Interact with People

It is not a good idea to distance yourself completely from the world. Keep in touch with your friends and relatives who support you and love to spend time with you. Arrange lunch or dinner with them, share your feelings and opinions. This help de-stress your mind and apply it to some productive work. It is a good way to freshen up your mind by chatting with friends and playing fun games. Staying alone is not good for mental health so, always try to be a part of some community, be it your neighbours or join some social help group to keep yourself engaged in some work along with interacting with people.

THIRD BEST

THIRD BEST

Book : Third Best

Author: Arjun Rao

Publications : Hachette India

  • Well ..we always had a bunch of memories revolving around our school ,college.
  • Have you ever remember those moments
  • of course !! Each and every day we laugh at ourselves while recollecting those moments 😍.
  • Our playground ,our friends ,our teachers ,our gossip..
  • May be days goes on ..Time changes everything..Time changes everyone..
  • But time can’t change our memories .
  • If u went to boarding school ,you’ll find that people and memories from your past wander easily onto the pages .
  • Things end but memories last forever

SHARE THIS:

Attending the job interview

Photo by Sora Shimazaki on Pexels.com

Whenever any job opportunity is provided by the employer there are many people who must have shown interest in it and filled up the forms but may be the positions are less than the number of applicants so interview is the next step in which all the selected candidates are called up for further information. They will be asked about their interest , why they are suitable for that position and many other questions . In the interview the employer can see the applicant and find out their response along with their personality. Suppose if there is any employer looking for a candidate who is having the calm personality but if there is no interview how will the employer can evaluate and choose the most appropriate candidate?

Interview is a conversation that takes place between the job applicant and the employer or may be the representative of an employer. This is done to find out whether the applicant is most capable of getting a job or not.

Photo by Sora Shimazaki on Pexels.com

Mostly these interviews involves the face-to-face interactions because a person can lie but their body language cannot. It is the most common method used to evaluate the applicants in order to ensure that the best person is recruited. Interview allows the employer to get into more details about the applicant as they can know how the applicants are replying ,how they are sitting ,how confident they are and some psychologist are also present at the time of interview who can easily find out the personality of a person. So the big question arises if this is so difficult and all aspects are checked up by the employer then how to attend the interview to get hired? We will answer this question by mentioning the following points that you must take care while going for a interview.

IMPORTANT POINTS:

  • Be on time is the first thing that plays a very important role in creating the image in front of employer. Many people ignore this but if you want to have the image of a managed and a disciplined person always try to reach the interview location before 10 minutes of stated time.
  • Present yourself smart and dress properly it will not only make you look good but also provide you alot of confidence.
  • Have an eye contact with the employers when answering the questions it will remark you as a confident person but don’t look at them inappropriately otherwise it will be awkward.
  • Greet the employer but don’t try to be over friendly with them and dont dont off just stay honest and answer the questions.
  • Always have a knowledge about the working and history of the company for which you are going for an interview it will show that you have prepared well for it.
  • Body language must be clearly look out to avoid any stupid actions that can lead to your rejection. Don’t shake your legs and rubb your hands basically these small things will present you as a nervous person and no company want under confident people to work with.
Photo by fauxels on Pexels.com

Model organism in biology

A model organism is a species that has been widely studied, usually because it is easy to maintain and breed in a laboratory setting and has particular experimental advantages. Model organisms are non-human species that are used in the laboratory to help scientists understand biological processes. They are usually organisms that are easy to maintain and breed in a laboratory setting. For example,  they may have particularly robust embryos that are easily studied and manipulated in the lab, this is useful for scientists studying development, or they may occupy a pivotal position in the evolutionary tree, which is useful for scientists studying evolution. In researching human disease, model organisms allow for a better understanding of the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human. The species chosen will usually meet a determined taxonomic equivalency to humans, to react to disease or its treatment in a way that resembles human physiology as needed. Although biological activity in a model organism does not ensure an effect in humans, many drugs, treatments and cures for human diseases are developed in part with the guidance of animal models.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae- Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast. It is one of the most intensively studied eukaryotic model organisms in molecular and cell biology. It is the microorganism behind the most common type of fermentation. S. cerevisiae has developed as a model organism because it scores favourably on a number of these criteria. S. cerevisiae has been highly studied as a model organism to better understand ageing for more than five decades and has contributed to the identification of more mammalian genes affecting ageing than any other model organism. Some of the topics studied using yeast are calorie restriction, as well as in genes and cellular pathways involved in senescence

Glycolysis

is a metabolic pathway that forms the base for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. In this process, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Pyruvate is a six-membered ring molecule and formed after the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars. It is a multi-step process and occurs in the cytoplasm of animal and plant cells. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. It creates ATP without the use of oxygen but can occur in the presence of oxygen also. It breaks down one molecule of glucose, (a 6-carbon molecule) into two molecules of pyruvate, (a 3-carbon molecule) in a controlled manner enzymatic reactions. After the breakdown, glucose becomes the main fuel for the cell. Following are the steps of glycolysis

1.The first step in glycolysis is the conversion of D-glucose into glucose-6-phosphate. Hexokinase is the enzyme catalyst here.

2. The rearrangement of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) into fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) takes place in this second step.

3. Fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate using magnesium as a cofactor.

4.The enzyme Aldolase splits fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate into two sugars that are isomers of each other. These two sugars are dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP).

5.The enzyme triphosphate isomerase rapidly inter- converts the molecules dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP).

The above five steps are considered as a preparatory phase

6.Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) dehydrogenates and adds an inorganic phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, producing 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

7. A phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is transferred to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate.

8. P from 3- phosphoglycerate from the 3rd carbon to the 2nd carbon to form 2-phosphoglycerate is relocated in this step.

9. A molecule of water is removed from 2-phosphoglycerate to form phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) by an enzyme enclose.

10. A P from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP to form pyruvic acid and ATP.

The last five steps are known as the pay off phase.

10 TIPS TO END A CONVERSATION

1. I’d better get going.

2. I have to rush off now.

3. Let’s meet up again son, bye for now.

4. Let’s get together soon. Take care.

5. You have been amazing

6. It was wonderful to talk with you. I must be going

7. It was great to see you again.

8. Sorry I’ve gotta go

9. Its been good talking to you

10. I look forward seeing you again soon.

MUMBAI AN EXPENSIVE CITY IN INDIA

The most expensive city in India is none other the city of dreams, the city that is better known as the home of ‘Bollywood’, Mumbai. It is the capital city of Maharashtra and it is also the economic capital of India too. Though it has less area for building many homes, because of a lot of beaches and sea areas, it has very tall buildings and thus very little space to breathe. Since it has a lot of posh people, the cost of expense is higher than all the other cities in the country.

It is not surprising that Indian cities are emerging to be among key contenders providing a business case to relocate operations for manufacturing or services for reasons such as skill availability, cost competitiveness and attractiveness to mobilize executives to conduct business.

Bengaluru has witnessed the highest jump in ranking, on account of surge in prices, especially on items pertaining to food and personal care. The city is also one of the most expensive cities in India on account of transportation, which include taxi fares, cost of auto and auto parts as well as running costs, it said.

The city of Mumbai occupies a peninsular site on Bombay Island, a landmass originally composed of seven islets lying off the Konkan coast of western India. Since the 17th century the islets have been joined through drainage and reclamation projects, as well as through the construction of causeways and breakwaters, to form Bombay Island. East of the island are the sheltered waters of Mumbai ( Bombay) harbour. Bombay Island consists of a low-lying plain, about one-fourth of which lies below sea level; the plain is flanked on the east and west by two parallel ridges of low hills. Colaba Point, the headland formed on the extreme south by the longer of those ridges, protects Mumbai Harbour from the open sea.

The natural beauty of Mumbai is unsurpassed by that of most other cities in the region. The entrance into Mumbai Harbour from the sea discloses a magnificent panorama framed by the western Ghats mountain range on the mainland. 

20 OTHER WAYS OF SAYING NO

1. That’s not going to work for me.

2. I would love to, but I cant

3. No thanks, I wont be able to make it

4. Not this time

5. Regrettably, I am not able to

6. May be another time.

7. My schedule is literally tight. May be another time.

8. I’m not able to commit to that right now

9. My heart doesn’t want to say no but my mind knows that I’d not be up to this plan.

10. The plan sounds fun but I’m not available.

11. That sounds a little off to me.

12. I am already taken

13. That’s really kind of you asking me for the plan but I am in for another one.

14. Sounds great, but I cant commit.

15. Rats! Would’ve loved to.

16. I’m slammed.

17. If only it worked.

18. Another time might work.

19. I’m resting now.

20. No, thank you but it sounds lovely.

Thousand Splendid Suns

If you are looking for heart breaking , yet fulfilling novel to read, then its the right time to pick up “Thousand Splendid Suns”.It is heart wrenching story of Mariam written by Khaled Hosseini. The book was published in 2007 and many loved it.

This book follows a story of a girl from Herat village , who was forced to marry a shoe maker at very young age. As the time passes , she learns many things, she grows accustomed to her husband’s behaviors and learns to compromise in life but her life completely alters when her husband marries for the 2nd time to a young, brave and educated girl , Laila

Here you will see unimaginable bond of two girls, both coming from different background, having different personalities , yet they have so many similarities to relate with. This book also gives details of Taliban rule in Afghanistan. The way women were treated and tortured. The hardships women had to suffer and the pain they endured. It shows the devastated life of civilians when the war outbreaks. It shows how this war intertwined the fate of two unfortunate girls.

This is a story of bravery, love , happiness and Mariam. If you are ready to cry your eyes out, then this it .

AIDS Awareness

AIDS Awareness

AIDS or Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome is a dreaded disease because it is not yet curable. This killer disease is spreading rapidly throughout the world. It is a disease which can strike anyone, anytime and anywhere unless proper precautions and preventive measures are taken. There are many misconceptions about the disease and the way it spreads. Even a majority of educated urban population is in the dark as far as this fatal and incurable disease is concerned. Many educated young men, women and adults are in the illusion that it can happen only to the prostitutes, rickshaw pullers, truck drivers, labourers or illiterate villagers. The illusion and ignorance is taking a heavy toll on the young men and women in school, colleges and universities and an increasing number of them are being attacked by HIV.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

This killer disease is caused by a retrovirus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV attacks the human immune system by causing increasing loss of T-4 cells of blood. These cells are primarily responsible for energizing immune responses. The HIV infection gradually destroys the entire resistance system and then the patient succumbs to the diseases. The HIV remains somewhat dormant for 10-15 years and it makes its detection difficult in the early stages mainly because the victim remains totally unaware of it and does not go for diagnosis. It makes the diagnosis difficult and the problem more complicated. And then, finally the is caught unaware one day, when he proves HIV positive in the later stages. Within this period he might have transmitted the virus including many innocent children. This is the horrible nature of this disease.

There are about 30 million people affected with AIDS worldwide. In India, there are about 2.4 million confirmed AIDS patients in 2008 according to the statistics of UN AIDS and NACO. The disease is spreading fast in big cities and towns mainly because of lack of proper awareness among the masses. The disease spreads through homo and heterosexual contacts. Intravenous drug abuses, transfusion of blood products from infected persons are other causes of transmission of the dreaded disease. The other cause of its transmission is from infected mothers to their babies.

The disease is still incurable in spite of intensive and worldwide research. However, a patient’s life can be prolonged by 4-5 years by administration of certain drugs and medicines and proper and intensive care of the patient. But these medicines and care are very expensive and beyond the reach of most of the HIV patients. Moreover, the AIDS virus soon develops into a resistant strain to a particular medicine. And it necessitates the administration of a combination or cocktail of a number of drugs. It makes the patient’s care all the more expensive. For want of proper drugs and care the patient does a slow, lingering and painful death. Moreover, an AIDS patient is rejected by one and all. Even close relations refuse to accept an AIDS patient because of mainly misconception about the disease.

Casual contact like handshake or embrace of the HIV patient does not transmit the disease. It cannot be transmitted either by mosquito bite. Though there is no cure for the virus but still the patients deserve better care and treatment from the society. A combination of certain very costly drugs given to the patient can certainly minimise the complication yo certain extent and increase the life of an AIDS patient. These medicines should be produced on a large scale to make them less expensive. They should be made easily available on subsidised rates. The problem can be eased further by a mass movement in its awareness. The students in schools and colleges should be taught how to avoid the disease and help the infected people. There are many problems, issues and questions related to the AIDS patients which need to be discussed and debated before any decision can be taken about them. Really, it is a crisis of humanity and the mankind and should be treated as such. If not, no country or society can successfully fight the menace of AIDS.

Symptoms of AIDS

Supernatural Creatures

Supernatural creatures are not explainable by the laws of nature. They have abilities which are superhuman. Abilities like magic, levitation, mind control, extra sensory perceptions.
They have been mentioned in various forklore and mythological books and contexts. It states that humans believe in a superior power, good and bad. We can know more about these supernatural creatures from various movies and tv shows like the vampire diaries, lucifer, twilight, conjuring, supernaturals, etc. But they have showed some creatures like hybrids (vampire and werewolf) , and heretics (vampires with magical powers) which are not mentioned in any mythological history and are fictional.
Although there is no proof that they still exist but some paranormalists believe that ghosts and spirits do exist.
Some supernatural creatures and phenomenons :
1. Deity – They are the believed to be god, a supreme power. They are worshipped by people.
2. Angels – They are said to be the intermediataries between god and earth. They protect the children of god.
3. Prophecy – They are said to be the ones who completes God’s task on earth.
4. Revelation – When god or the good spirit appreas in form of visions or dreams.
5. Reincarnation – When the supernatural starts living inside the bodies of others.
6. Spirits – They are ghosts or angels.
7. Demon – A bad entity as said in religious history.
8.  Witchcraft – Practice of magical powers in a person.
9.  Miracles – Events which are not explainable by nature or scientific laws.
10. Banshee – Female spirit who’s whining amd crying is fatel.
11. Elf – Legendary beings who are mysterious and small.
12. Devil – Evil subordinates or bad spirits who harm humans.
13. Dwarf – Small creatures with magical powers.
14. Fairies –  Who are human like with magical powers and seem to keep others happy.
15. Genie – Creature who fulfils his master’s wishes.
16. Ghost – Spirit of a dead person who haunts people.
17. Giant – A mythical creature of superhuman size.
18. Golem – Artificially created human being by supernaturals.
19. Guarding angel – Who protects a person.
20. Imp – A small creature
21. Leprechaun – A small creature who is mysterious and troublesome.
22. Pixie – A fairy or elf.
23. Vampires – Human like creatures who cannot stand sunlight and drink human blood to survive.
24. Werewolf- A human like creature who turns into a wolf on certain specific occasions.
25. Wraith- A supermatural spirit who reanimates a dead body
26. Sirens – The legend of Greek mythology states that the monstrous women would sing enticing songs and lure sailors to their doom to eat them.
27. Basilisk – A serpentine creature who, much like the Gorgons of Greek myth, can kill with one look.
28. Phoenix – The golden bird who, at the end of its life, burst into flames only to be reborn again.
29. Cyclopes – The one-eyed giant who captured and ate people.
30. Centaurs – With the top half of a human and the full body of a horse.
31. Goblin –  a small grotesque supernatural creature, regarded as malevolent towards human beings.
32. Troll – one of a class of supernatural creatures that dwell in caves or mountains and are depicted either as dwarfs or as giants.