Day: July 23, 2021

Never Let Me Go- Kazuo Ishiguro

Never Let Me Go is an English novel by Kazuo Ishiguro. Ishiguro is a British novelist, screen writer, musician and short story writer. His novels are majorly based on memory and have a great emotional force. His most celebrated works include The Remains of the Day, When we were Orphans, Never Let Me Go. He has received Man Booker Prize in 1989 and Nobel Prize in Literature in 2017.

Never Let Me Go is a dystopian science fiction novel written in 2005. It is a novel showing what happens when a society is allowed to use scientific experiment without considering the consequences. It is a story with systematised and legalised cloning.

Kathy is the central character and narrator telling of their lives at Hailsham, the seemingly idyllic place with dark secrets. The characters are shown to be normal humans at first. Eventually we coe to know that they were clones made to support the humanity by donating their organs. And eventually completing (a euphemism for dying)

Ishiguro examines many important issues like identity crisis, nostalgia and friendship. Questioning humanity and morality is also a prominent theme. The novel contemplates on the the way clones were treated. It allows the reader to question the ethics of human cloning.

Friendship and Love depict the human relationship. Giving these dimensions to clones directly indicates towards their humane feelings. Jealousy is also one of the factors of the humane side of the scientifically developed clone.

Memory plays an important role in Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. The novel is a record of 30 years old kathy’s recalling of past memories. She preserves the memory of closed Hailsham, her completed- friends. The novel epitomises the desire to hold on. When in Hailsham, Kathy dances to a song by Judy Waterbridge, Never Let Me Go, holding an imaginary baby. Through these small incidents we see how memory holds an important position.

“Memories, even your most precious ones, fade surprisingly quickly. But I do not go along with that. The memories I value most, I do not ever see them fading.”

The novel has various themes and symbols enhancing the emotional and artistic quality of author to deal with such deplorable topics.

THE CHIEF CHARACTERISTICS OF A SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY:

Shakespeare wrote eleven tragedies such as Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, King Lear, Julius Caesar, Antony and Cleopatra, Romeo and Juliet, etc… But, there are some chiefly Characters in Shakespearean tragedies. That’s what we are going to draught down one by one.

  1. Shakespeare’s tragedies are based on stories and incidents taken from history or legends. Some of the stories are borrowed from previous playwrights. He has recreated these stories giving them a sense of unity and ordering them into closely-knit plots. The essence of a Shakespearean tragedy is that action issues from character and plot. Generally, two groups of people and ideas are brought face to face leading to conflict. In a Shakespearean tragedy, the plot is composed of several parts like Exposition, Conflict, Crisis, Denouement, and Catastrophe. He did not observe the unities always.
  2. In a Shakespearean tragedy, the suffering of the hero is exceptional. A hero is a man of a high estates like Hamlet or King Lear. The hero identifies himself with a dominant passion from which he cannot deliver himself and which finally works out his destruction.
  3. Every tragic hero suffers from a ‘tragic flaw’ that leads him to the tragic end. Like, Othello
  4. The essence of a Shakespearean tragedy is conflict. The catastrophe rises out of the unsolved conflict. The conflict releases energy in the form of uncontrollable spiritual forces causing a violent disturbance in the moral order of the world. Thus, a Shakespearean tragedy in its final analysis is highly spiritual.
  5. There is a kind of fatality and inevitability in Shakespearean tragedy. All calamities come from a character in action. We feel helpless of man before the force he release. the tragic hero striking at himself. The hero’s character involves his fate.
  6. Shakespearean tragedy is not pessimistic. It gives us an insight into the possibilities of the human soul.
  7. Shakespeare presents abnormal states of mind like insanity, hallucination, and somnambulism in some of his tragedies like King Lear and Macbeth. Eg, supernatural agents like King Lear and Macbeth. Ghost’s in Macbeth.
  8. Shakespeare introduces accidents, chances, and prophecies in his tragedies. The most well-known among these are the incidents of the handkerchief in Othello and the witches in Macbeth.
  9. Shakespeare presents a moral world order in his tragedies. His concern was with the conflict causes a commotion in the moral world. Shakespeare’s tragedies show the successful emergence of good is destroyed but it survives. Thus, the tragedy is a presentation of ‘morality in emergence’. As Dowden says it is true that good can survive only at the expense of so much of the virtuous force of the world still it is well to be assured that evil, even at the expense of good can be subdued, such an assurance buoys us above despair.
  10. There is no poetic Justice in Shakespearean tragedies. But evil characters do not prosper. Iago goes away with a stern warning. Shakespeare was concerned with a stern warning. Shakespeare was concerned with the moral and spiritual order of the world and so his art refuses to recognize individual punishment or reward.

TWO MUST READ BOOKS BY PAULO COELHO https://eduindex.org/2021/07/18/two-must-read-books-of-paulo-coelho/

BOOK REVIEW: THE GIRL WHO SAVED THE KING OF SWEDEN https://eduindex.org/2021/07/19/book-review-the-girl-who-saved-the-king-of-sweden/

Case study on WWF1 vs Union of india

                                              INTRODUCTION

The wildlife Institute of India (WWF) an autonomous institution under the ministry of Environment and forests, Govt of India geared to provide data which would help for the better management of the long term conservation of lions at the Gir and cheetah and reintroduce the same to the following places. 1. Darrah- Jawaharsagar wildlife sanctuary ( Rajasthan) 2. Sitamata Wildlife Sanctuary (Rajasthan) 3. Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary (MP)

                                    FACTS OF THE CASE

The Wildlife Institute of India (for short ‘WII’), an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Environment and Forests (for short ‘MoEF’), Government of India, through its wildlife Biologists had done considerable research at the Gir Forest in the State of Gujarat since 1986. All those studies were geared to provide data which would help for the better management of the Gir forest and enhance the prospects for the long term conservation of lions at Gir, a single habitat of Asiatic lion in the world. The data collected by the Wildlife Biologists highlighted the necessity of a second natural habitat for its long term conservation. Few of the scientists had identified the Asiatic lions as a prime candidate for a re-introduction project to ensure its long term survival. In October 1993, a Population and Habitat Analysis Workshop was held at Baroda, Gujarat. Various issues came for consideration in that meeting and the necessity of a second home for Asiatic lions was one of the issues deliberated upon in that meeting. Three alternative sites for re- introduction of Asiatic lions were suggested for an intensive survey, the details of which are given below:

The Research Advisory Committee of WII recognized the need for a prior survey to assess the potential of those sites. Accordingly, a field survey was conducted. Surveys of the three sites were made during winter as well as summer, to assess water availability during the summer and also to ascertain the changes in human impact on the habitat during the seasons. The surveyors concentrated on ascertaining the extent of forest area in and adjoining the chosen protected areas with the aim of establishing the contiguity of the forested habitat. Attempts were also made to establish the relative abundance of wild ungulate prey in the three sites based on direct sightings as well as on indirect evidence. An assessment of the impact on the people and their livestock on habitat quality in all three sites was also made. Of the three sites surveyed, Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary (for short ‘Kuno’) was found to be the most suitable site for re- introduction in establishing a free ranging population of Asiatic lions. A draft report to that effect was prepared by eminent Scientists like Ravi Chellam, Justus Joshwa, Christy A. Williams and A. J. T. Johnsingh on behalf of WII. The report revealed that the Kuno was a historical distribution range of Asiatic lions. Report also highlighted the necessity of a long term commitment of resources, personnel, the necessity of a comprehensive rehabilitation package, adequate staff and facilities. Committee did not consider the presence of tigers in Kuno to be a major limiting factor, especially since the tigers occur in such low numbers and density. Since lions live in stable social units, report highlighted that it is important to take lions for the translocation also from a single pride. Further, it was also pointed out that genetic consideration would not be a major factor, provided fresh male lions are moved from Gir to Kuno every three to five years and the resident males in Kuno selectively captured for Zoos.

 State of Madhya Pradesh then undertook a massive rehabilitation package for the villagers settled in and near Kuno so as to push forward the scheme of relocation of Asiatic lions in Kuno. It was noticed that about 1545 families of 24 revenue villages were living inside Kuno and they had to be rehabilitated outside the sanctuary. Since suitable and sufficient revenue land was not available in adjoining areas, it was decided to relocate those villages on degraded protected forests. Since proposed site of resettlement fell in various blocks of protected forest, the use as a rehabilitation purpose involved a legal obligation to obtain prior sanction from MoEF under Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.

 The Secretary (Forests), Government of Madhya Pradesh, therefore, sent a letter dated 24.7.1996 to MoEF seeking final approval of the Central Government in accordance with the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. MoEF, after examining the request of the State of Madhya Pradesh, conveyed its approval under Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 for diversion of 3720.9 hectare of forest land for rehabilitation of 18 villages located inside the Kuno, subject to fulfillment of certain conditions. Out of 3720.9 hectare of the 13-forest compartments, 3395.9 hectare forest area of 12 compartments was finally approved by the Government of India for de-notification. Compartment No. P-442 of Umarikaia forest block was left out from the original proposal by Government of India letter dated 1.2.2000 and hence, the released area in first phase had been de-notified after due permission from the Government of India. Forest area of 1263.9 hectare released in the second phase could not be de-notified for want of permission from the Government of India. The Government of India constituted a Monitoring Committee for the effective implementation of the Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project at Kuno which met on 10.3.2004. The Survey report of WII was discussed in the meeting and it was noticed that Kuno Paipur Sanctuary of M.P. was identified as the project site/and a 20 year project was conceived in three phases as below:

a. Phase I (1995-2000 A.D.) Village relocation and habitat development.

b. Phase II (2000-2005) Fencing at the side, translocation, research and monitoring.

c. Phase III (2005-2015) Eco-development.

               ARGUMENTS OF THE CASE

  • We heard Shri Raj Panjwani, learned senior counsel appearing for the applicant, who submitted that this 20-year project is hanging on fire due to the indifferent attitude of the Gujarat Government. Learned senior counsel submitted that the necessity of re-introduction of Asiatic lion at Kuno has been keenly felt and the scientific world has unanimously advocated for translocation of this endangered species to Kuno for its long term survival and preservation. Learned senior counsel pointed out that NBWL, the expert technical body at more than one occasions has approved and granted technical sanction to go ahead with the project, but could not pick up expected momentum due to the indifferent and defiant attitude of the State of Gujarat.
  • . Ms. Vibha Datta Makhija, learned counsel appearing for the State of Madhya Pradesh, highlighted the steps taken by the State of Madhya Pradesh for pushing the project forward. Learned counsel referred to the various counter affidavits filed by the State of Madhya Pradesh for completing the first phase of the project. Necessary sanction has already been obtained to declare Kuno as Sanctuary under the Wildlife Protection Act. MoEF has already granted its approval under Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act for diversion of 3395.9 hectare of forest land for the rehabilitation of eighteen villages located inside Kuno, subject to fulfillment of certain conditions. The area at Kuno was increased to 1268.861 Sq. Km in April 2002 by creating a separate Kuno Wildlife Division. For the above purpose, a total amount of Rs.1545 lakh had been granted by the Government of India and utilized by the State Government. Learned counsel also pointed out that altogether 24 villages and 1543 families were relocated outside Kuno by the year 2002-2003 and the lands abandoned by them have been developed into grass lands.

 JUDGEMENT

MoEF, in our view, has not conducted any detailed study before passing the order of introducing foreign cheetah to Kuno. Kuno is not a historical habitat for African cheetahs, no materials have been placed before us to establish that fact. A detailed scientific study has to be done before introducing a foreign species to India, which has not been done in the instant case. NBWL, which is Statutory Board established for the purpose under the Wildlife Protection Act was also not consulted.

 We may indicate that our top priority is to protect Asiatic lions, an endangered species and to provide a second home. Various steps have been taken for the last few decades, but nothing transpired so far. Crores of rupees have been spent by the Government of India and the State of Madhya Pradesh for re-introduction of Asiatic lion to Kuno. At this stage, in our view, the decision taken by MoEF for introduction of African cheetahs first to Kuno and then Asiatic lion, is arbitrary an illegal and clear violation of the statutory requirements provided under the Wildlife Protection Act. The order of MoEF to introduce African Cheetahs into Kuno cannot stand in the eye of Law and the same is quashed.

 MoEF’s decision for re-introduction of Asiatic lion from Gir to Kuno is that of utmost importance so as to preserve the Asiatic lion, an endangered species which cannot be delayed. Re-introduction of Asiatic lion, needless to say, should be in accordance with the guidelines issued by IUCN and with the active participation of experts in the field of re- introduction of endangered species. MoEF is therefore directed to take urgent steps for re-introduction of Asiatic lion from Gir forests to Kuno. MoEF has to constitute an Expert Committee consisting of senior officials of MoEF, Chief Wildlife Wardens of the States of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Technical experts should also be the members of the Committee, which will include the Secretary General and Chief Executive Officer of WWF. Dr. Y.S. Jhala, senior scientist with Wildlife Institute of India, Dr. Ravi Chellam, senior scientist, Dr. A.J.T. Johnsingh, since all of them had done lot of research in that area and have national and international exposure. Any other expert can also be co-opted as the members of the Committee. Needless to say, the number of lions to be re-introduced would depend upon the density of prey base and other related factors, which the Committee will assess.

 I.A. is allowed as mentioned above. The order be carried out in its letter and spirit and within a period of 6 months from today. We record our deep appreciation for the assistance rendered by all the senior counsel and learned amicus curiae Shri P.S. Narasimha and also Dr. Ravi Chellam who was present in the Court throughout and made valuable suggestions with regard to the various environmental and scientific issues.

 We are also inclined to highlight the necessity of an exclusive parliamentary legislation for the preservation and protection of endangered species so as to carry out the recovery programmes before many of the species become extinct and to give the following directions:

(a) NWAP (2002-2016) has already identified species like the Great Indian Bustard, Bengal Florican, Dugong, the Manipur Brow Antlered Deer, over and above Asiatic Lion and Wild Buffalo as endangered species and hence we are, therefore, inclined to give a direction to the Government of India and the MoEF to take urgent steps for the preservation of those endangered species as well as to initiate recovery programmes.

(b) The Government of India and the MoEF are directed to identify, as already highlighted by NWAP, all endangered species of flora and fauna, study their needs and survey their environs and habitats to establish the current level of security and the nature of threats. They should also conduct periodic reviews of flora and fauna species status, and correlate the same with the IUCN Red Data List every three years.

(c) Courts and environmentalists should pay more attention for implementing the recovery programmes and the same be carried out with imagination and commitment.

But the court held that the MoEF has not conducted any detailed study before passing the order of introducing foreign Cheetah and Gir lion and no expert advice was taken from NBWL, (A statutory board established for the purpose under the Wildlife Protection Act. It was also held that various steps have been taken for the last few decades but nothing transpired so far. So the decision taken by MoEF for introduction of African cheetahs first to Kuno and hen Asiatic lion is arbitrary and illegal and clear violation of the statutory requirements provided under the wildlife protection act, and the same was quashed.

BEAUTY OF NATURE

Meetali soni
Nature is the most beautiful and attractive surrounding around us which make us happy and provide us natural environment to live healthy. Nature is the most beautiful word and thing in our life. Our nature provides us variety of beautiful flowers, attractive birds, animals, green plants, blue sky, land, running rivers, sea, forests, air, mountains, valleys, hills and many more things. Our God has created a beautiful nature for the healthy living of us. … But we all should try to maintain our nature’s beauty. Nature is an important and integral part of mankind. It is one of the greatest blessings for human life. Nature has been an inspiration for numerous poets, writers, artists and author . This remarkable creation inspired them to write poems and stories in the glory of it. They truly valued nature which reflects in their works even today . nature is everything we are surrounded by like the water we drink, the air we breathe, the sun we soak in, the birds we hear chirping, the moon we gaze at and more. Above all, it is rich and vibrant and consists of both living and non-living things. If nature has the ability to protect us, it is also powerful enough to destroy the entire mankind. Every form of nature, for instance, the plants, animals, rivers, mountains, moon, and more. the air we breathe and the wood we use for various purposes are a gift of nature only. Man by nature is a creature eager to taste beauty, and there is nothing more beautiful than nature., one of the greatest manifestations of nature’s beauty is the beautiful smells of certain creatures, such as flowers, flowers, and certain kinds of fruits, especially citrus, Which is accompanied by seasons and certain times; like the smell of the earth after the rain. We should not destroy the originality of the nature and should not imbalance the ecosystem cycle. Our nature provides us beautiful environment to live and enjoy so it is our responsibility to keep it clean and away from all the damages. In the modern era, many selfish and bad activities of the human being have disturbed the nature to a great extent. But we all should try to maintain our nature’s beauty. Man by nature is a creature eager to taste beauty, and there is nothing more beautiful than nature. The beauty of nature is an important source of income for many countries of the world, natural places are a tourist attraction that helps countries to improve their economic level, and thus emerged many of the areas that are famous for their natural beauty unspeakable, the most prominent of these areas: the Amazon River , The Dead Sea, the Jeita Grotto, Mount Teppel, the Puerto Princesa River, the Iguazu Falls, and others. A global competition to select the seven natural wonders has been held, and perhaps the most notable achievement of this list is the global spotlight on some areas that have not been so popular, thus contributing to a greater number of visitors than ever before.


CONVERVATION OF NATURE :-
In order to conserve nature, we must take SOME SERIOUS steps right away to prevent any type of damage. The most important step is to prevent deforestation at all levels. Cutting down of trees has serious problem in different spheres. It can cause soil erosion easily and also bring a decline in rainfall on a major level.
Polluting ocean water must be strictly prohibited by all industries it causes a lot of water shortage. The excessive use of automobiles, AC’s and ovens emit a lot of Chlorofluorocarbons’ which depletes the ozone layer. Global warming which causes thermal expansion and melting of glaciers.


CONCLUSION :-
Nature has a powerful transformative power which is responsible for the functioning of life on earth. It is essential for mankind to flourish so it is our duty to conserve it for our future generations. We must stop the selfish activities and try our best to preserve the natural resources so life can forever be nourished on earth.

Big Data and Social Media

Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

Living in an internet governed world with a pandemic hanging over our heads, all of our work has gone online. With thousands of texts, e-mails, pictures, videos, receipts, searches, video-calls and so much more sent daily, we are now generating an incredible 2.5 quintillion bytes of data every day. With 1 quintillion having 18 zeroes, that’s quite a lot of data and it is very difficult for traditional computing systems to handle. This ever-increasing amount of data is known as BIG DATA.
With facebook, instagram, telegram, twitter, sharechat and so many more social media applications coming up and the rising number of social media users with a single user having accounts across multiple social media apps, the amount of big data is increasing and the impact of big data on social media is undeniable. 

Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

When-ever you input any data in any social media platform, whether sending a message to your friend discussing about a new car that was recently launched, or making a check-in at a hotel, it gets stored in the form of big data. Various commercial websites let you sign up using your social media accounts asking you to let them access your data. Now, this big data is used by these platforms to suggest you the various products you have either searched or mentioned.
All of our activities spread over these platforms provide for a very reliable source of market study as it is dynamic and changes quickly with the change in demand of consumers. It helps producers keep a track of the consumers’ requirements and initiate necessary changes to meet them.
The big data available help marketers target a specific audience according to their interests, age, gender, education, etc. Various surveys conducted across various social media platforms that appear as per your preferences, requesting information about the products- whether you like it, ways to improve the product or what brand you prefer that makes getting reviews and improving products easier. 
Big data helps analyze what is the trending topic among the mass during some period of time. It helps influencers use it to their benefit to steer public opinions in support of or against various personalities, especially political personalities.
When such amount of our personal data is stored somewhere, that is accessible by others, even after we are, a lot of time, unwilling to share it, it is a significant threat to our privacy. Although, various social media platforms are now trying and so is our government to protect our sensitive data from breach.

That being said, if used judiciously, big data will be a boon owing to its benefits of ease in the field of marketing and research, as the world is increasingly moving online with 59.5 percent of the world population being active internet users as of January, 2021. So, if our sensitive data is protected, or rather, made volatile, big data will definitely continue to revolutionize the world of social media, marketing and research as it does today but without the public worry of data leaks.

Reference links: https://medium.com/dative-io/how-is-big-data-impacting-social-media-df31aa3f66f6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_data

Must Watch Indian Movies

Lootera

Vikramaditya Motwane’s realistic filmography was visibly seen in his first project, ‘Udaan’. Following his own footsteps, he replicated it in ‘Lootera’. The colour-grading, as well as the panning of the camera, opens with a leisurely warmth in the first half. However, it moves to an edgier and colder grading as the sadness overwhelms the narrative in the later part of the movie.


Motwane’s 2013 period drama, ‘Lootera’, follows the love story of an archaeologist and a literary-minded daughter of a wealthy landlord. The director sets the story against the backdrop of the abolition of the zamindari system. The movie is visibly demarcated into two halves set in rural Bengal and Dalhousie, respectively.

The shift in the color palette influences the viewer’s experience to understand and feel the emotions more closely. The sunny days of West Bengal appear overwhelmingly warm and secure when put against the snowy, lifeless and cold snapshots at the end of the film. In an interview, Motwane spoke about the brilliance of the aesthetics of the cinema of the 50s. His attempts to use the atmosphere to convey things is an attempt to achieve a similar feat.

Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara

Zoya Akhtar’s ‘Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara’ is a visual delight with a breathtaking landscape of the Spanish countryside and an equally eye-pleasing cast. Akhtar, quite often, allows the audience to admire and fancy these people and these locations by keeping the camera still at them for long durations. Carlos Catalan, who was the cinematographer for the film, invested a great deal of time to create such sights. The creators have frequently relied upon three of the primary colors, namely red, blue and green, to convey emotions, ambience and thoughts that overwhelm our characters. Akhtar has juxtaposed the pensive and thoughtful moments with the delightful ones.


In contrast, the former are subdued with un-illuminated shades, the latter pop out with blazing colors to signify brighter emotions. At the start of the movie, we see the three protagonists in their natural habitat, away from each other. Each one’s environment is shown to be devoid of colors, especially Arjun and Kabir. Arjun, in particular, is surrounded by dark and gloomy colors. These colors often compliment his formal and detached personality. Kabir, on the other hand, can be seen surrounded by a colorless environment of white and gold that reeks of sophistication and riches.

However, as the movie progresses and we witness them coming to life, many visuals, in the latter half, contain wider shots to incorporate more colors from the environment. Farhan Akhtar, in an interview, talked about the need for shooting in Spain. He said, “the screenplay of Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara called for a vibrant setting” to convey the vibrancy of the trio together.

INDIAN OLYMPIC ASSOCIATION

Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was established in 1927 . Sir Dorabji Jamshedji Tata and Dr Noehren became the founder President and Secretary General, respectively, of Indian Olympic Association . IOA is affiliated to the IOC . Sir Dorabji Tata was also elected the first IOC member in India . In 1928 , Sir Dorabji Jamshedji Tata resigned from the post of president of IOA, After that, Maharaja Bhupinder Singh became the president of IOA . In the Olympic Games of 1928 which were held in Amsterdam, the Indian hockey team was sent to Olympics. The Indian hockey team, which participated first time in Olympic Games won a gold medal . The election of the office bearers of the IOA is held after every four years. The council consists of various members like president , nine vice-presidents , six joint secretaries, one secretary general, one honorary , treasurer , seven representatives of state Olympic associations and twelve representatives of national sports federations or associations.

Indian Olympic Association thanks state bodies, federations for COVID-19 relief | More sports News - Times of India

Objectives of Indian Olympic Association

The objectives of IOA are mentioned below :

  • Development and promotion of the Olympic movement .
  • Enforcement of all rules and regulations of the IOC and IOA.
  • To be the official organisation in complete form and responsible for all the matters related to Olympic event .
  • Promotion and encouragement of the physical, moral and cultural education of the young people of the nation so that their character can be developed .
  • Admitting the membership of the state Olympic Association and national sports federation for which submission of their annual reports and audited statement of accounts is necessary . These documents should be deposited to the IOA for information .
  • To undertake with assistance of national sports federations the financial management, transportation, maintenance and welfare of teams from India taking part in the Olympic Games and other games which are organised under the patronage of IOC.
  • To take disciplinary action against any federation fore misbehaviour or any other undesirable activity bringing discredit to the country.
  • In cooperation with the national sports federation / associations, organise and control selection, training , coaching of the terms that will represent India.
  • To enforce and defend the exclusive rights of the Association to use the Olympic flag and Olympic insignia.

Famous tourist places in India

India is the land of beautiful places. There are many beautiful places to visit in India, it will give you the most amazing experience. So, in this blog I am going to tell you some famous tourist places to visit in India.

  1. TAJ MAHAL

Taj Mahal is the best tourist spot in India. It is one of the seven wonders of the world. It is located in Agra, Uttar pradesh. Taj Mahal is named after Mumtaz Mahal, the wife of emporer Shah Jahan. The construction of Taj Mahal was started on 1631 and was completed on 1648. It was built with the help of 20,000 workers. Taj mahal was built in the memory of Mumtaz Begum. People from all over the world come to visit it. According to a survey more than 15 million of people visit Taj Mahal every year. The address of this place is 64 taj road, Agra-282001.

2. INDIA GATE

India gate, formally known as All India War Memorial is a war memorial located in Delhi. It is a memorial to 70,000 British Indian soldiers who died between the following years 1914 to 1921 in France, Persia, East Africa, Flanders, etc. It is one of the most famous places in India. The monument is about 42 metres high. The specialty of this place is, about 13,300 servicemen’s names are inscribed on this gate. Every years lakhs of people come to visit it. It was established on February 10th, 1921 and it is designed by a famous architect Edwin Lutyens, an Englishmen who designed numerous monuments other than it. The address of this place is Rajpath, New Delhi, Delhi 110001.

3. LOTUS TEMPLE

Lotus Temple is a Baha i House of Worship located at New Delhi. It the most beautiful and attract monument place in India. It was established on 1986 and it was designed by Iranian architect Fariborz Sahba. The lotus temple name derived from its design, as it looks like a lotus. It is also one of the famous place in India. The address of this place is Bahapur, Kalkaji, New Delhi.

4. RED FORT

Red fort(also known as Lal Qalʿah) is a historical fort located in New Delhi, It is the main residence of Mughal Emperors. It is designed by Ustad Ahmad Lahori, who also built Taj Mahal. It was built by red sand stone and it is 75 metre high. Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned the construction of red fort on 12th May 1638, when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Delhi. Every year on 15th August, the prime minister of India hoists Indian tricolor flag at main gate. Every year many people come to visit this place. The address of this place is Netaji Subhash Marg, New Delhi.

5. CHARMINAR

Charminar is a monument and a mosque located at Hyderabad, Telangana. It is one of the tourist attraction in Hyderabad. It was built by Mohammed Quli Qutab Shah who is the fifth ruler of Qubt Shahi Dynasty, in 1591 to commemorate the end of the plague in the city. The monument is 56 metre high. Approximately 1.7 million of people visit Charminar every year. The address of this place is Char kaman, Hyderabad.

That’s all from my side. I hope you like it.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the Internet. Large clouds, predominant today, often have functions distributed over multiple locations from central servers.

Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale. Advocates of public and hybrid clouds note that cloud computing allows companies to avoid or minimize up-front IT infrastructure costs. Proponents also claim that cloud computing allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster, with improved manageability and less maintenance, and that it enables IT teams to more rapidly adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable demand, providing the burst computing capability: high computing power at certain periods of peak demand.

Importance of Cloud Computing

Inexpensive

Cloud computing helps in reducing a considerable amount of CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) & OPEX (Operational Expenditures) an organization does not need to invest in expensive hardware’s, storage devices, & software’s etc. and you only have to pay for the resources you utilize.

Elasticity & flexibility

Cloud computing enables you to reduce and increase your resources demands as per your requirements. For e.g. if you have heavy traffic on your site you can increase your resources and vice versa. Cloud computing gives you the flexibility to work from wherever you want and whenever you want all you require is an internet connection.

Auto Updating

Software updates and upgrades can be a painful thing cloud computing simplifies it for you as all the software maintenance and upgrades are looked after and regulated by your cloud service provider.

Increased collaboration

Cloud computing enables employees to work in a more collaborative and coordinated manner as all the data and information about the organization, & ongoing projects is available to every employee and can be accessed from anywhere and anytime which helps in reducing delays and increase productivity.

Agility & Speed

Time is the most crucial factor when it comes to decision-making and execution.  Cloud computing services have a very prompt and customer-centric SLA’s (Service Level Agreements). Cloud Service providers offer up to 99.99% uptimes which ensure continuous flow of business operations and executions.

Ice hotel ❄️

Hello guys!

Jumping straight in to the topic.Have you ever heard of an ice ❄️hotel?YES ! An ICE hotel when you hear it’s name doesn’t it remind you guys of “frozen”.

Yes it’s really an ice hotel which Melts every year and is also rebuilt every year.

From:icehotel.com

But you may get a doubt that if it’s a ice hotel how can we stay in it won’t it be cold but contrary to our thinking it’s very warm in ice hotel

It working is similar to that of how an igloo works.

This ice hotel is located in the village of jukkasjavari in north sweden.

It is the world’s first ice hotel!!

This hotel’s opening was done in the year 1990 and evey year its been rebuilt from December to April.

From:cntraveller.com

In this hotel everything from chairs to beds everything is constructed from snow and ice blocks living up to its name ice hotel everything is being built by ice blocks taken from nearby Torne river.

Creation of every room and even decorations are done by artists who are specially invited.

This hotel’s main attraction is a bar with glasses made of ice and an ice chapel .It is a popular attraction especially for couples.

From:good housekeeping.com

The bathrooms facilities are buit for guest nearby the hotel.Each and every detail in this hotel is an effort of so many people every year!.

It has been listed as one of the seven wonders of sweden!!

From visitsweden.com
From:forbes.in

It’s a place which should be definitely visited once when visiting sweden.

Thankyou^^

The BooK Thief

The book thief is a historical fiction novel written by Australian author Markus Zusak . It was published on 2005 and soon after became an international bestseller

It is one the most heartbreaking story I have ever read. Markus Zusak has dine amazing job of presenting the sorrows of Germans especially Jews during the Nazi rule. The story follows a young girl Liesal Meminger , who is a thief . Well , don’t get me wrong, she is a book thief. Well this nothing , the story is unique in its own way because the story is told by the death itself . “When death has a story to tell , you listen”.

This book is a whole journey of laughter , love, pain , sorrow and friendship.

Bhagat Singh

We don’t need occasion to celebrate heroes and Bhagat Singh is one of the greatest hero India has ever seen. He was born in 1907 in the family of freedom fighters . His almost all the family members were active in politics. From his grandfather Arjun Singh to his uncles Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh, all had served the country once in their lifetime. Thus, the spirit of freedom was embedded in his heart from very childhood.

Bhagat Singh was not a great supporter of non violence , yet, he was also not a firm believer of violence. He took the path of violence out of helplessness and to protect his homeland. Just as the former Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru wrote about him ,”Bhagat Singh did not become popular because of his act of terrorism but because he seemed to vindicate for the moment, the honour of Lala Lajpat Rai, and through him of the nation , he became a symbol ; his act was forgotten , the symbol remained , and within a few months each town and village of the Punjab and to lesser extent in the rest of Northern India, resounded with his name .”

Bhagat Singh at the age of 12 went to Jallianwala Bagh hours after thousands of unarmed people gathered at the public meeting and had been killed. At the age of 14 he was amongst the villagers who welcomed protesters against the killing of a large number of unarmed people at Gurudwara Nankana Singh on 20 February 1921. He stated the act of bravery from the very young age but his real struggle of freedom began when he joined Young Revolutionary Movement.

He joined National College in Lahore in 1923. In 1926 he founded Indian Socialist Youth Organization ” Naujawan Bharat Sabha”. He also joined the Hindustan Republic Association in 1924.

He was so devoted to the freedom that he ran away from his home when his father arranged his marriage. He wrote in a letter — “My life has been dedicated to the noblest cause, that of the freedom of the country. Therefore , there is no rest or worldly desire that can lure me now”.

In December 1928 Bhagat Singh along with his companion Shivaram Rajguru, shot British officer, John Saunders . They had mistaken Saunders for James Scott, whom they had originally planned to assassinate. They were agitated due to the death of Lala Lajpat Rai and believed that James Scott was responsible for it. They fled away from the crime scene and were not caught for many months

In April 1929 Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt was arrested for bombing Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi. It was during this trial that Saunders’ case reopened.The police found some evidence regarding Saunders and thus Bhagat Singh was convicted and hanged in March 1931, at the mere age of 23 ( Many that believes that Bhagat Singh was not given a fair trial, thus, it is suggested to read “The Trial of Bhagt Singh” by AG Noorani, as it gives the detailed account of the case)

The life of Bhagat Singh inspires many till now. He fought for what was right. He became famous not for his violent act but for his strong opinion regarding justice and freedom. He was brave and courageous man who prioritised freedom above anything else.

Some Expensive Fruits in The World

Everyone loves to savor me. Fruit are very nutritious to our help and a very important diet. But do you know that there is some fruits exist in the world which will cost you a fortune?  Yeah! you will definitely be awestruck to know about their price. Then come and let’s talk a look about them –—

  1. Buddha Shaped Pear: You can easily understand from the name that the pear is of a unique shape and the shape is of mini Buddha. It is an expensive fruit in world and it cost almost rupees 665 per one piece in Indian currency or 9 $ per piece in world market. This unique shaped pear was first invented by Xianzhang  Hao in his farm of Hebei province in China. Now, it is under China’s fruit mould company. Obviously, this Pear need special treatment, cultivation and Technology for achieving this unique safe.
  2. Sekai-ichi Apple: It is known that Apple are the most nutritious fruit to ‘keep away a doctor’. “Sekai-ichi” is a Japanese word, which means ‘world’s number one’ and indeed it is number one  Apple above the Other apple ,in not only test but also in cost. It is actually cultivated in Japan. It cost almost $ 21 per piece of Apple or rupees 1588 per 907 gm apple in Indian currency. It has a very beautiful color shape and delicious in taste.
  • Sekai-ichi Appl

    • 3. Sembikiya Queen strawberries: As its name ,these strawberries are indeed queen of strawberries in not only in cost, but also in the taste, texture, color and size. It cost almost 85 $ per a box or rupees 6427 per a box ,where the box contains 12 pieces of strawberries. These strawberries are formed only in Japan.

    Sembikiya Queen strawberries

    4. Square watermelons: As its name, these watermelons are really a in the shape of a square box. These watermelons are cultivated in Japan in a special weather and various technology. This square shaped are given by the square glass cases where the watermelons are kept during their growth. These watermelons are almost 5 kg and about cost? They dollar 800 rupees or rupees 60000 per one watermelon.

    Square watermelons

    5. Taiyo – No – Tamago Mango: Now, let’s talk about the king of ‘The kings of fruits’, mango Which is Taiyo – No -Tamago mango. These mangoes are also farmed in Japan. It cost $ 3.66 for per box and rupees 226837 in Indian currency per box and the box contains only two pieces of mango. It has a very ablaze and bold color of red orange and yellow that will surely make you drool and about test?  it is sweet tangy and must delicious.

    Taiyo – No – Tamago Mango

    Yubari melon: It is not only The King of Melon but also king of every fruit in the view of cost. It is the most expensive melon in the world. It is a cultivated in the region of Yubari in Japan do you want to know the price? then don’t faint ! The record price of this melon is $ 45000 or 33 lakhs in Indian rupees per piece. It has execution test and it is big in size.

    Yubari melon

    What is Marketing Mix?

    The term marketing sounds simple right? But do you have the clear idea about what is the whole concept of marketing mix? No worries you will have it after going through this article.

    Marketing mix refers to the elements or components that are mixed by the marketers in order to interact with the customers in a much better way. These are basically the tactics used to promote the products. It provides broad guidelines for putting the right products in the right place, at the right time and price. Hence marketing mix plays a very important role for achieving the objectives . Majorly it is divided into the following elements:

    Product:

    Product is something that is actually offered to the customers for satisfying their needs and wants. Marketers need to clearly look out the conditions in the market before launching a product because customer is the king in today’s market scenario and if the product is not satisfactory for them they will switch over to some other brand as there is stiff competition in the market. There can be two situations the product can be known to the market or it can be the newly launched. More efforts will be required in new one because there will be the need of attracting the new customers and making them aware about that product along with the requirement of that product to the market. Product can be tangible that can be seen and touched or intangible which can’t be seen nor touched.

    Price:

    Price is the cost charged for a product. It is the most important element of marketing mix as it plays a very crucial role in attracting customers . Price must be set up in such a manner that it must be beneficial on behalf of both the customers and the sellers. Some products involve huge prices that gives them luxury while for some of the necessity products the prices offered are comparatively low.Marketers must link the price to the product’s real and perceived value, but they also must consider supply costs, seasonal discounts, and competitors’ prices.

    Place:

    It refers to the ultimate place where the product is being offered. Mostly the product is produced in one part and demanded in various parts so various distribution channels are used to make that product available to the customers who are more likely to buy it. Also product can be sold virtually the main difference in that case will be that there will be no personal touch between the buyer and the seller.

    Promotion:

    It involves adopting all those strategies that are responsible for making the customers aware about a particular product to increase the sale. These strategies leads to the huge changes in the profit potential of a business by helping the business to achieve its goals. It can be done through:

    • Advertising
    • Public relations or publicity.
    • Sales promotion.
    • Direct marketing.
    • Personal selling.

    Print Media during Pandemic

    THE INTERVENTION OF DOWNFALL

    On January 27, 2020, with the first Covid-19 case an alarming situation was alerted by the Government of  India, where it was strictly advised to keep distance in crowded places and wear masks when outside, with the growing cases Prime Minister Narendra Modi eventually announced the first complete lockdown on 25 March 2020 – 31 May 2020, limiting the public movement, which was later increased. 

    This affected the work of billions of people living in India the ones who had their livelihood depending on daily wages were on the edge of depression and existential crisis. One of the aspects which were deeply affected by the lockdown was production in media, specifically Print Media. 


    SURVIVAL OF PRINT MEDIA

    “Everything that rises has to set off someday.” 

    The print media has enjoyed its glory days for more than 120 years and it is one of the most reliable and old fields of Media and sources of news. Covid-19 has severely impacted print media and has resulted in a sharp drop in the number of readerships due to disruption in circulation. The print media was trying to keep afloat financially and at the same time to keep the readers informed. 

    Though we all know, that the new technologies and introduction of online media have already affected print media, the time of pandemic and the inevitable challenges have worsened the situation even more.

    Along with that, some of the cascading effects of the pandemic on print media include:

    • journalists being laid-off.
    • cut down on the number of pages in the newspaper.
    • major newspapers were drastically reduced at a national level.
    • national newspapers decided to restrict the physical copies.
    • all the media houses and publications faced a financial crash.

    The question arises that would there be a post-pandemic “old print media” recovery? It is very doubtful and threatening to think upon the fact that the old print media houses might convert themselves to digital media which is so much more easy, convenient, and perhaps less expensive and may create more profitable situations as compared to print media. As they have gone under heavy financial loss during the period of the pandemic which has been going on for over 19 months now. 

    Small states newspapers did face a horrible pandemic onslaught because of the cut on advertisements because of the lockdown, despite all of it newspapers have remained peculiar in providing a wide range of coverage of the pandemic, combating misinformation and providing public health updates, and entertainment to help the normal public cope with pandemic boredom, being locked in their houses on their own.

    PRINT MEDIA AND EDUCATION

    It is said that print media had played a crucial role in educating people on the precautionary measures during the time of the pandemic. It educated people all over the country through the leading newspapers, in all the languages, besides mass circulated social media as well. 

    The people who are still unaware of the advancement in technology and are far from affording digital techniques of staying updated, print media for them has been and will always be reliable at any time. 

    The new methods of media and coverage might be easier to manage and less expensive but print media cannot be outdone with the new evading advancements, for it holds the 120-year-old of trust which is quite resilient to shatter. 

    “The quality of news coverage has diminished because the giants of the print media are no longer being nurtured properly.”

     -F. Lee Bailey (an American criminal defense attorney)