Month: October 2021

If Winter Comes, Can Spring Be Far Behind?

This proverb is quite optimistic in nature. It reflects positivity in life. By this quote, we can infer the idea that, if anything unfortunate happens in life, one must not lose hope or feel depressed. Rather, one shall understand that life is a moving cycle of joys and sorrows. Just as happiness, elation and good times even sadness, hindrances and challenges are a part and parcel of human life.

One shall learn to cherish every moment of life. There exists a Chinese Symbol – YIN YANG. It describes the opposite forces of life and and how both are necessary in their own ways. If life is covered with dark clouds, it will also a have a hidden ray of sunshine. If cold-dark times appear and good times begin to fade away, spring will also enter and things will blossom back. If hardships occur, we must not lose hope but must wait for spring, which will bring back the warmth and happiness.

CHINESE SYMBOL – YIN YANG

Such is the story of Chantelle Whitney Brown Young aka Winnie Harlow, who was diagnosed with Vetiligo at the age of four. She started experiencing depigmentation of her skin, characterized by black and white patches all over her body. Throughout her young age she experienced a lot of body shaming and bullying. She overcame her nervousness and started working as a professional model at the age of 16. She appeared as a contestant on America’s Next Top Model and rose to glory. She says, “I always say, focus on your own opinion about yourself, rather than the opinions of others.” Winnie did not let her hardships cause an obstacle in her dreams. She has bagged several campaigns till date and has redefined beauty.

Winnie Harlow – Model

Walt Disney, a pioneer of the animation industry, an entrepreneur and producer was the fourth of five children of Elias Disney, a farmer and carpenter by profession. Sir Walt Disney was raised in a family which had a hand to mouth condition. Yet, he rose through adversities and co-founded one of the best motion picture productions in the world, along with amusement parks such as Disneyland and Disney World. He followed a can-do attitude throughout and himself brought spring to his life.

Walt Disney

British writer, screenplay director and philanthropist J.K Rowling is the author of the seven series of Harry Potter which is close to the heart of several Potterheads. Between the age 23-28 Rowling was diagnosed with Clinical depression. Her first Harry Potter pitch was rejected 12 times by different publishing houses. This was her bad phase. After several times of convincing, Bloomsbury accepted to publish her novel. Today, Harry Potter is the best-selling book serie in the world with about 500 million copies sold.

J K ROWLING

In the same manner, putting light on the current scenario, with the onset of the global Covid-19 pandemic, people had almost lost hopes on human existence in the following years. There remained a period of utter darkness and gloom. Nations were shut down according to the Lockdown norms. But gradually, doctors began to find out ways to treat patients. Currently there’s a scenario where there is ample availability of medicines and vaccines to treat the virus.

Frontline Staff

Therefore, there is no reason to get disheartened if things do not go according to one’s wish. There will surely come a time when lively spring will appear and things will turn out accordingly. And indeed-God helps those who help themselves. We should be the first ones to take ourselves out of any unfortunate event. Thus, one should ask oneself in times of adversities, “If winter is here can spring be far behind?”

What has led today’s younger generation to be devoted towards the Korean language and its culture & where can you meet native Korean speakers in India? 

Rise of the Korean culture:

The vibrant and mind-blowing Korean culture has fascinated a lot of youth as of today’s date. The culture and its awesomeness have urged lots of youths as well as adults to learn the Korean language, so that it could be easier to watch K-dramas and also K-POP songs. The influence of the culture has urged lots of people to major in Korean language in India. As a result, people not only throng the institutes where Korean language is being taught, but also opt for those classes online even from rural areas. In the past decades, people were eager to learn 

Western languages like French, German, Spanish etc., and would spend tons of dollars learning these.

Obsession towards the culture and it’s language:

 The Korean industry is on the pinnacle of its glory due to its technology, K- beauty and K-pop. It has inspired a significant population of the youth, converting people into Korean language learners and Korean culture enthusiasts. Additionally, it also inspires them to meet native Korean speakers, so that they could learn from them and watch Korean dramas with ease instead of relying on the English subtitles. Moreover, it lets you experience the culture with deep insight and also helps you to learn the language more fluently. Today, the number of Korean language learners has increased exponentially in India especially during the pandemic which led them to enroll for different Korean language courses online, where they find proper guidance.  Nonetheless, meeting a native speaker can add a huge impact. 

Where can you meet Korean native speakers?

1.Hellotalk-A social media app designed for users to learn and exchange language and cultures. 

2.Meff-Another social media app to make connections and friendships through social media. 

3.Churches-You can find lots of Korean native speakers at churches as well, especially on   

   Sundays (it specifically includes metro cities). 

4.Korean Restaurants-Another great place where you can find native speakers. 

5.Tourist spots-Taj Mahal has never ceased to surprise and captivate the hearts of Koreans. It 

   tops the list of the tourists’ spots that are chosen by Koreans during their visits to India. Yes!!!! 

   every year there is a huge multitude of Koreans visiting the Taj Mahal. 

#korea#korean#Korean Language#foreignlanguage#kdramas#kpop#culture

SHARES VS. DEBENTURES

 A major part
to start a business or to run a business successfully is finance. The company
must ensure all the time they are in good financial position and can face any
unexpected risks. No doubt there are quite a few finance options available out
there. One needs to choose wisely and calculatedly from among these options
that which one would be better for their organization. Not all of these options
will necessarily be apt for the nature of your business. Let us talk about two
of such finance options. One being ‘shares’ and the other ‘debentures’. What
exactly are these and which one would be more beneficial for you.

 

SHARES

Basically,
these are a part of the company that can be sold or bought indicating that the
shareholder is the owner of the company up to the amount of his shares. These
are known as the owner’s fund. Often, if the company is in the need of funds
then they tend to sell some of their shares to the prospective buyers.

There are
two types of these shares – ‘equity shares’ and ‘preference shares’. Equity
shares are the shares that do not benefit the owner with any kind of
preferential rights or authorities whereas, preference shares come with its own
benefits.

Some of
these benefits are that preference shareholders have a right to receive a fixed
rate of dividend from the profit before any of the equity shareholders are
declared their dividend. If in case, the profits are not enough to be divided
between both the holders then the equity shareholder will be left with no
dividend. Also, if the company is winding up, preference shareholder’s capital
is returned before the equity shareholders.

One downside
is that preference shareholders do get any say in the management or do not have
any voting rights in the company. This privilege is only provided to the equity
stakeholders.

 

DEBENTURES

These are
the borrowed funds that are used to raise long-term capital from a source
outside of the company like corporations and governments. Although, there is a
fixed rate of interest that needs to be paid here. The debenture issued is a cognizance
that the company has borrowed funds from the source which it guarantees to
return on a certain date in the future. Therefore, the debenture holders are
known as ‘creditors of the company’.

For the
public issue of debentures, it is mandatory that it has been rated by a credit
rating agency like ‘Credit Rating and Information Services of India Ltd.’
(CRISIL).

 

SHARES
VS. DEBENTURES

While the
shares are considered to be owner’s funds, the debentures are categorized under
the borrowed funds which means that there is a fixed rate of interest that must
be paid from time to time. Also, if debentures are issued, you don’t get any
rights or benefits from the company whereas, in case of shares, you have a
voting right or you receive a fixed dividend.

The shares
are issued exactly at their face value which means that there won’t be any
discount on the issue which is possible in the case of debentures. Although in
debentures, the company’s assets are to be kept with the source as mortgage
which is not the case in shares.

From a
company’s perspective, if equity shares are issued then it will increase the borrowing
capacity of the company. On the other hand, if debentures are issued, it will
decrease its borrowing capacity.

 

There isn’t
a right or wrong source of fund out there. It lies in your hands which source
you choose. However, it is a very crucial decision which should be made after
doing the complete research and going through the pros and cons of each one of
them. The decision should be wise and favorable for your company.

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 Great inventions with simple engineering techniques – Catseyes, Fountain pen, Safety pin

Cats eyes – Road Reflectors

When you are driving at night, you see reflective objects on road. These objects reflect the light and guide people to drive safely. It may seem so simple, but the idea of this invention came in an interesting way. One night in 1933 when the road mender Percy Shaw was driving home in Yorkshire, he saw the light of his car headlamps reflected in the eyes of a cat beside the road. This gave Shaw the inspiration that by replicating this effect he could produce a practical way of helping drivers navigate poorly lit roads. Shaw’s challenge was to create a device bright enough to illuminate roads at night, robust enough to cope with cars constantly driving across it, and that also required minimum maintenance. Shaw came up with a small device that could be inserted into the road as a marker. It consisted of fur glass beads placed in two pairs facing in opposite directions, embedded in a flexible rubber dome. When vehicles drove over the dome, the rubber contracted and the glass beads dropped safely beneath the road surface. The device was even self-cleaning. The cast-iron base collected rainwater and whenever the top of the dome was depressed, the rubber would wash the water across the glass beads to cleanse away any grime, just as the eye is cleaned by tears. The patent for the catseye was registered in 1934. And in 2001 the product was voted the greatest design of the twentieth century, ahead even of Concorde.

Percy Shaw – Catseyes in 1934

Fountain pen

The invention of the modern fountain pen is really more a story of perfection than invention. In 1883, more than fifty years after the fountain pen was first invented, a New York insurance broker, Lewis waterman, was set to sign an important contract and decided to honor the occasion by using the standard ink-filled pen of the day. However, fountain pens were notoriously unreliable, especially in their capacity to regulate their ink low, so that it could not be signed, waterman decided to do something about it. Within a year Lewis waterman had designed the world’s first practical, usable, and virtually leak proof fountain pen. To regulate the flow of ink he successfully applied the principle of capillary action, with the inclusion of a tiny air hole in the nib of the along with grooves in the feeder mechanism to control the flow of ink from his new leak proof reservoir to the rib.

As early as the beginning of the eighteenth century, the chief instrument-marker to the king of France, M.Bion, crafted fountain pens with nibs, five of which survive to this day. The first steel pen point was manufactured in 1828, thought to be invented by Petrache Poenaru, and in the 1830s the invented James Perry had several unsuccessful attempts at designing nibs that employed the principle of capillary action. But it was Lewis waterman who overcome every obstacle and crafted a successful pen. It was so successful that by 1901, two years after waterman’s death, more than 350,000 pens of his design were sold worldwide.

Safety pin

When it comes to simple engineering, we can’t avoid safety pin. This useful object is found in households across the globe, it even gained status as a fashion accessory, with the movement in 1970s. Walter Hunt was a New York mechanic who, in 1849, sat wondering how to pay off a $15 loan. He spent around three hours twisting a length of wire in his fingers before he created the answers to his problems, the humble safety pin. Pins were by no means a new idea, having existed for centuries before Walter’s twist on the design. However, his creation was unique as it provided a solution to the potential problem of pricking oneself with the old style variety. His pin has a clip at the top which locks the pin and keeps us safe from not pricking. At the bottom it has a spring like structure made by bending the same pin to maintain the tension of the pin. Hunts design was patented in April 1849, and he sold the rights to his creditor, clearing a $385 profit. Unfortunately hunt had no idea how popular his invention was set to become. Even after 150 years, we are using this safety pin which works on a very simple engineering.  He also designed America’s first sewing machine with an eye pointed needle. But fearing the loss of jobs his creation may cause, he did not patent the idea. It was left to a fellow American, Elias Howe, to claim the credit for this invention some twenty years later.

“A man who could invent a safety pin . .  . was truly a mechanical genius . . .” – New York Times

Book Review on Big Panda and Tiny Dragon

 Have you ever wandered alone on the quiet road,
sighing and getting lost in your deep thoughts? Have you ever felt that
everything in life is nothing but a never-ending struggle? Have you ever
thought that maybe your questions regarding anything always have a sad answer? 


The book “Big Panda and Tiny Dragon” by James Norbury
is the perfect book if you have such thoughts. According to me by reading this
book, one may realize that although life may not be as good as a fairy tale or maybe
as heavenly as garden of Eden but it tells us that life is not only about
negativity but finding simple, happy solutions even in our problems and
negative emotions.

                                                           

               

According to me this book would be able to teach
everyone that life is nothing but a beautiful struggle. The only thing that
anyone needs to do is to relax, sit back comfortably, introspect and live their
lives with a new perspective!

                                                          

This book was written by author when he himself
overcame the phase of depression and sadness. He was really inspired by Lord
Buddha’s teachings. The most intriguing thing which I liked about that book was
the way in which he displayed his learnings in a very simple manner.

In this book too, two or three lines can simply
explain any person to not give up on themselves, to never lose hope and to
always believe in hope, love, friendship, kindness and most importantly in
yourself.

                                                          

This book consists of quotes and pictures which
according to me, at a certain point anyone can relate to. According to me,
there might be questions regarding life which would wander into our minds and
whose answers might be difficult to find. I believe if one would read this
book, such questions having deep answers might be found.


Summary of the book

The book through its deep quotes and pictures depicts
a heart-warming tale of friendship of Big Panda and Tiny Dragon.

They both travel together and have often get lost at
many places. But they don’t mind getting lost as even in that situation, they
both learn something new, something deep and something meaningful about life.                                                                                          

They are each other’s travel companions and even if
they are completely different from each other, they both share a very strong
unbreakable bond, sharing each other’s perspectives about themselves and about
life.

                                                                     

The thing that I personally learned was that it is
okay if some of us feel that they don’t belong anywhere, it is okay to stand
out and it is okay to just be yourself! It is okay to have a different
personality and preferences and it is okay to just be sad!                     


Everyone has different life experiences and being
different is not a negative thing! The two companions were also different from
each other in many aspects, but their bond was strong because they accepted
their differences, shared their perspectives about living life, encouraged each
other to believe in hope, happiness, kindness and most importantly in themselves.

                                                                 

                                              

 

For example:


 The above lines according to me that each one of us
aspire to do something that would help the society and want to change world by
their contributions.  Often, we feel
disappointed because we don’t know how to make our vision into reality.

 But by reading
one can find a simple solution to resolve the above-mentioned thought and that
is to take small steps, taking one step at a time and helping the next person
who is in need of your help.

If small steps can make a huge difference, then similarly
giving a helping hand however small it may be can also make a huge difference
and make the world a better place to live in! 

 

If one looks at this quote, one can interpret that
happiness and positivity, even though it is in small amounts is way much better
than the complete absence of the two.

 This is because
according to me if happiness and positivity is completely absent, then we could
not grow as a person and our negativity and sadness won’t give us a reason to
live! One will only exist then and will be stagnant!

Finally, the most interesting thing that I noticed was
that this book can be easily understood by anyone. The most beautiful thing is
that everyone can have their beautiful perspectives regarding the quotes. The
way the messages have been delivered through pictures can even make a person
who is not interested in reading, interested!

I would personally recommend everyone who is feeling
lonely, abandoned, anxious, sad or unloved to go through this book! Even the
non- reader as well!

                                                               

 I don’t know whether
you will like your journey one you start reading the book or your destination (answers
you are looking for or may be something else) but I can assure you that by
reading this book, you will surely enjoy the company of our beloved two protagonists!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sachin Dev Burman, A Great personality in the Music World of India: Born and Death in October                     

In the music world of India when names are discussed one of the great names is Sachin Dev Burman who is popularly known as SD Burman. He was born on 1 October 1906 in Comilla of  present-day Bangladesh and passed away on 31 October 1975 in Mumbai.  He was born in a royal family in Tripura.  Mother was Royal Princess of Manipur Rajkumari Nirmala Devi and father was Mahamanyabar Rajkumar Nabadwipchandra   Dev Burman. Sachin Dev Burman married film lyricist and musician Meera Das Gupta on 10 February 1938. They were blessed with only one son, a great music director popularly known as RD Burman. 

SD Burman was very interested in music albeit he completed his bachelor degree from Calcutta University and joined service in Agartala but he left the job and went to Calcutta /Kolkata. There he was trained by great personalities in the field of music such as Ustad Allauddin Khan, Ustaad Faiyaz Khan, Bishmadev Chattopadhyay, Krishna Chandra Dey and many other stalwarts. SD Burman had innovative ideas so he blended folk songs with normal songs. He started working as a radio singer on Calcutta Radio Station. His first record was released in 1932 (Hindustan Musical Product). At a young age he was endowed with many laurels. For example, in 1934, he participated in the All India Music Conference, in Allahabad University, where he sang  his Bengali Thumri, in presence of great personalities like Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and the inimitable Abdul Karim Khan of Kirana Gharana. Later on in the same year, he was invited to Bengal Music Conference, Kolkata, which was inaugurated by Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore, here also he presented his Thumri, and was awarded a Gold Medal. His compositions were sung by the leading singers of the era, including Lata Mangeshkar, Md. Rafi, Kishore Kumar, Geeta Dutta, Manna Dey, Hemant Kumar, Asha Bhosle, Shamshad Begum, Mukesh, Talat Mahmood and others (wikipedia.org/wiki/S._D._Burman). 

He was conferred many awards and laurels. On 1 October 2007, on his 101 birth anniversary, the Indian Postal Service released a commemorative postage stamp, in Agartala, where an exhibition on his life and work was also displayed. Tripura Government introduced “Sachin Dev Burman Memorial Award” in music. He was awarded seven times ‘Filmfare Award’ (ibid).

1)      1954: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Taxi Driver

2)      1973: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Abhimaan

3)      1959: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Sujata: Nomination

4)      1965: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Guide: Nomination

5)      1969: Filmfare Best Music Director Award : Aradhana: Nomination

6)      1970: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Talaash: Nomination

7)      1974: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Prem Nagar : Nomination. Also he was given Sangeet Natak Akademi (Academy of Music and Plays) award, 1957; Padmashree award, 1969;

SD Burman in addition to composing, had also lent his voice (sang songs) to 14 Hindi and 13 Bengali films. He composed music for over 100 movies in Hindi and Bengali. Some of his classics include ‘Kora Kagaz Tha Yeh Man Mera’, ‘Chanda Hain Tu Mera Suraj Hain Tu’, ‘Badi Sooni Sooni’ etc.(indiatoday.in/1 October 2018).  

Before, conclusion few facts based on the website starsunfolded.com/s-d-burman are presented here:

Ø  It is believed that famous cricketer of India Sachin Tendulkar’s grandfather was a great fan of SD Burman so he decided to keep his grandson’s name as Sachin. 

Ø  SD Burman was a football referee also and played cricket for YMCA club.

Ø  Also he was fond of tennis but his Guru asked him to select either tennis or singing so he selected singing. 

Ø  When he went to Bombay/ Mumbai during that time he met actor Dev Anand and together they worked for the movie Baazi which was a great hit and brought him in the limelight.

SD Burman although passed away on 31 October 1975 but he will be in the heart of millions of Indians generation after generation.  

the-social-media

What Is Social Media?

The term social media refers to a computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts, and information through virtual networks and communities. Social media is internet-based and gives users quick electronic communication of content, such as personal information, documents, videos, and photos. Users engage with social media via a computer, tablet, or smartphone via web-based software or applications. While social media is ubiquitous in America and Europe, Asian countries like Indonesia lead the list of social media usage. More than 4.9 billion people use social media, as of March 2022.

When used properly, social media can be a valuable addition to a department’s communications strategy. Because many employees have expressed an interest in developing and maintaining a social media presence in personal and professional capacities, the Office of University Communications and Marketing has crafted the following introduction to social media. Please read this overview prior to developing your social media presence.


What is social media?
Social media is an internet-based form of communication. Social media platforms allow users to have conversations, share information and create web content. There are many forms of social media, including blogs, micro-blogs, wikis, social networking sites, photo-sharing sites, instant messaging, video-sharing sites, podcasts, widgets, virtual worlds, and more.

What are the benefits of using social media?
Billions of people around the world use social media to share information and make connections. On a personal level, social media allows you to communicate with friends and family, learn new things, develop your interests, and be entertained. On a professional level, you can use social media to broaden your knowledge in a particular field and build your professional network by connecting with other professionals in your industry. At the company level, social media allows you to have a conversation with your audience, gain customer feedback, and elevate your brand.

Should I create social media accounts for my department?
Only university employees who are authorized by their departments may use social networking to conduct university business. Make sure that your department does not already have a social media account on the sites you plan to use. If an account has already been created, do not create another one. Instead, contact the current account manager if you wish to add content.

What social media sites should my department be on?
With so many new social media sites launching each year, deciding which one is right for your department can be overwhelming. It is important to be aware of emerging social media sites, and understand how they could fit into your communications strategy. However, not all social media sites will be conducive to your department’s brand or marketing goals.

Before you launch an official account on a new social media site for your department, try it on a personal level. Create an account for yourself, and then use it. Study how other individuals and companies use the site. What type of content is posted on the site? Which posts are the most popular on the site? How often are users and companies posting?

Then, think about how your department would fit in. Just because you can be on a social media site, doesn’t necessarily mean you should be. Spreading yourself across too many social media sites could dilute your social strategy, preventing you from using any of them effectively. Instead, focus on the social media sites that allow you to share your content with the appropriate audience.

What social media sites does the University of South Florida use?
While there are many types of social media sites available for use, the University of South Florida has established an official university presence on seven sites: Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Snapchat, TikTok, Twitter, and YouTube. These university social media accounts are all maintained by the Office of University Communications and Marketing.

KEY TAKEAWAYS

  • Social media is a computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts, and information through the building of virtual networks and communities.
  • There are more than 4.5 billion social media users around the world.
  • The largest social media networks include Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, and TikTok.
  • Social media typically features user-generated content and personalized profiles.
  • By 2023, the number of social media users in the United States is forecast to increase to approximately 257 million.

Understanding Social Media

Social media originated as a way to interact with friends and family but was later adopted by businesses that wanted to take advantage of a popular new communication method to reach out to customers. The power of social media is the ability to connect and share information with anyone on Earth, or with many people simultaneously.

There are more than 3.8 billion social media users around the world. Social media is an ever-changing and ever-evolving field, with new apps such as TikTok and Clubhouse coming out seemingly every year, joining the ranks of established social networks like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram. By 2023, the number of social media users in the United States is forecast to increase to approximately 257 million.

According to the Pew Research Center, social media users tend to be younger. Nearly 90% of people between the ages of 18 and 29 used at least one form of social media. Further, these users tend to be better educated and relatively wealthy, or earning over $75,000 per year.

Types of Social Media

Social media may take the form of a variety of tech-enabled activities. These activities include photo sharing, blogging, social gaming, social networks, video sharing, business networks, virtual worlds, reviews, and much more. Even governments and politicians utilize social media to engage with constituents and voters.

For individuals, social media is used to keep in touch with friends and extended family. Some people will use various social media applications to network career opportunities, find people across the globe with like-minded interests, and share their thoughts, feelings, insights, and emotions. Those who engage in these activities are part of a virtual social network.

For businesses, social media is an indispensable tool. Companies use the platform to find and engage with customers, drive sales through advertising and promotion, gauge consumer trends, and offer customer service or support.

Social media’s role in helping businesses is significant. It facilitates communication with customers, enabling the melding of social interactions on e-commerce sites. Its ability to collect information helps focus on marketing efforts and market research. It helps in promoting products and services, as it enables the distribution of targeted, timely, and exclusive sales and coupons to would-be customers. Further, social media can help in building customer relationships through loyalty programs linked to social media.

145 minutes

The average daily social media usage of internet users worldwide.5

Benefits of Social Media

Social media has changed the way we all interact with each other online. It gives us the ability to discover what’s happening in the world in real-time, to connect with each other and stay in touch with long-distance friends, and in order to have access to endless amounts of information at our fingertips. In many senses, social media has helped many individuals find common ground with others online, making the world seem more approachable.

According to a survey by Pew Research Center, the use of social media is correlated with having more friends and more diverse personal networks, especially within emerging economies. For many teenagers, friendships can start virtually, with 57% of teens meeting a friend online.

Businesses are also using social media marketing to target their consumers right on their phones and computers, building a following in order to build a loyal fan base, and create a culture behind their own brand. Some companies, such as Denny’s, have created entire personas on Twitter in order to market to younger consumers using their own language and personas.

Examples of Social Media

While social media has its positive side, many point to the platform and call out negative features, likening its overuse to an addiction. Some contest it contributes to inattentiveness, stress, and jealousy. The National Center for Biotechnology Information links heavy social media use to depression.  Social media may also be a conduit for misleading information and falsehoods.

The 2016 American presidential election has well-documented accounts of the impact of the ability to spread false information through the platform. Such a phenomenon leverages the power of social media, allowing anyone to reach an audience of millions with content that lacks oversight or fact-checking.

Facebook is the largest social media platform in the world, with a clear advantage over other social media, though it has similar audiences to others like Twitter and Instagram. The figures for the most popular social media websites as of January 2021 are as follows:

  1. Facebook (2.74 billion users)
  2. YouTube (2.29 billion users)
  3. WhatsApp (2 billion users)
  4. Facebook Messenger (1.3 billion users)
  5. Instagram (1.22 billion users)
  6. Whatsapp (1.21 billion users)
  7. TikTok (689 million users)
  8. QQ (617 million users)
  9. Douyin (600 million users)
  10. Sino Weibo (511 million users)

What Are the Top 10 Social Media Apps?

The top 10 social media apps are Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, Whatsapp, TikTok, QQ, Douyin, and Sino Weibo.

What Is the Use of Social Media?

Social media allows individuals to keep in touch with friends and extended family. Some people will use various social media applications to network and find career opportunities, connect with people across the globe with like-minded interests, and share their own thoughts, feelings, and insights online.

What Are the 6 Types of Social Media?

The six types of social media, though this can be broken down in many ways, include social networking, bookmarking, social news, media sharing, microblogging, and online forum sites.

What Is the Most Popular Social Media?

The most popular social media site is Facebook.

What Is Social Media Marketing?

Social media marketing is the use of social networks in order to market a company’s products, such as through Facebook or Instagram ads, using influencers, or otherwise building a presence online to engage with customers.

The Bottom Line

Social media has taken the world by storm, capturing more than 3.8 billion users worldwide and counting. Whether or not each platform resonates with you personally, there are endless ways for businesses to market to their consumers and target them to ultimately make a purchase. Allowing us to stay connected with friends, find information easily, and add our own personalities to the online world, social networks are here to stay.

Impact of pre and post industrial policies on Aviation Industry

The methodology of reforms introduced in India in July 1991
introduced a combination of macroeconomic adjustment and structural adjustment.
It was directed by short term targets and long haul targets. 

                                                                   

                                                       

Adjustments were important
in the short run to re-establish balance of payments and to control inflation.
Simultaneously, changing the design of institutions themselves through reforms
was equally significant according to long haul perspective.

                                                                 

 The new government
moved earnestly to carry out a program of macroeconomic adjustment through fiscal
correction. Other than this, underlying changes were started in the field of trade,
industry and the public area.

Impact
of pre and post industrial policies on Aviation Industry

Impact
of Pre 1991 industrial policies on Aviation



According to tradechakra, Aviation Industry in India started in 1912 when the
first flight took off from Karachi to Delhi. 
Indian State Air Services initiated this industry, in partnership with
Imperial Airways UK. But the real initiation for Aviation Industry In India was
in 1932 when Mr. JRD Tata started Tata Airline. In 1946 Tata Airlines was
renamed as Air India.

Nine air transport companies transporting both cargo and passenger traffic
belonged to India after the Independence.  All the existing airline assets were
nationalized by the Indian Government in 1953. 

The main move towards Liberalization was started in 1986 when private
aircrafts were allowed to begin charter and non- booked administrations to all
approved air terminals under the Air Taxi Scheme.


They were likewise allowed to settle on their own choices
regarding fares and schedules. A significant stage towards Liberalization
was in 1990 when India started an open sky strategy for freight which gave
authorization to foreign aircrafts to run freight trips without limitations and
to charge rate without being constrained by Director General of Civil Aviation
(DGCA).


Catering domestic market was assigned to Indian Airline and
International sector was looked after by Air India. Indian Airline and Air
India both enjoyed monopoly over the Indian skies. However, like any other
industry, this industry also suffered from certain limitations pre 1991
industrial policies.
                                                                              


 The services provided was poor, there was frequent delay
in flights and   travelers had to face innumerous hardships
frequently. But the scenario changed post 1991 policies. 

Impact
of Post 1991 industrial policies on Aviation



                                                                  

Post 1991 , after the introduction of new industrial policies,  unprecedented growth for both domestic and
foreign passenger sector was witnessed by aviation industry. According to
tradechakra, “ the monopoly of Indian Airlines and Air India over the Indian
skies came to an end”. The substantial growth in the Aviation industry post 1991
was due to:


  • The entry of private players, increased
    competition ensured better services were provided to the customer.
  • The landscape of the aviation industry
    changed by the  entry of low-cost
    carriers like Deccan, Spice jet, Go Air. According to tradechakra “the no
    off first time fliers in both urban and rural India increased dramatically”.

 

In 1994 Air Corporation act was passed. With the
introduction of the act, private service organizations could now perform both
booked and non-planned administrations in the domestic sector with no restrictions
on the size or type of airplane.

However, to ensure traveler’s wellbeing,
security etc, legitimate development of air transport benefits and defeating
infrastructural imperatives in numerous air terminals were required. Government
gave authorization for expansion to capacity depending on increase in air
traffic gauge.

In 1994-95, government allowed
straightforwardly to import aeronautics turbine fuel (ATF). In 1997-98 to take
the course of liberalization above and beyond, foreign equity participation and
 cooperation up to 40 percent (100
percent for NRI’s) was permitted in the domestic airline segment. Yet,
International service providers couldn’t take stakes either straightforwardly
or by implication without endorsement from DGCA.

Government Initiative To Promote Aviation
Industry :

•        FDI
in Air Transport Services (Domestic Airlines) has gone up from 40% to 49
percent. NRI’s and Persons Of Indian Origin (PIO) have been permitted 100 %
FDI.

•        Private
Service suppliers with five years’ involvement with homegrown area and having fleet
size of twenty airplanes were offered permit to work in International routes. Jet
Airways and Kingfisher aircrafts have begun to operate in International
destinations.




•        The
airplane rules were modified to guarantee and ensure that the Aviation business
stays up with international norms and improvements.

•        Air
India and Indian Airlines were converged to make them more proficient.

•        Greenfield
air terminals at Bangalore and Hyderabad were finished and Delhi and Mumbai air
terminals were rebuilt.


Passage Of Low Cost Carriers (LCC)

The LCC development in India was as Low Price
Tags, Apex Fares, Internet Auctions, Bulk Purchases and Last Day Fares. The
justification for the development of LCC is:


 .          Low Entry Barrier

•        Attraction
Of Foreign Shores

•        Increased
Permitted Foreign Equity

•        Rising
Income Levels And Demographic Profile.

•        High
load proficiency.

•        Operations
to remote areas.

•        Low
cost and Low Frill plan of action.

•        Staff
strength was kept to a base(minimum).

•        Operations
to adjoining nations like Sri Lanka.

•        Successfully
infiltrating the rising working class and first time fliers.

 

Forecasts which were made during that period:



•        The
Center For Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) has anticipated that homegrown traffic
will increment by 25 to 30 percent till 2010 and International traffic
development by 15% by 2010.

•        By
2020, 400 million Indian travelers are probably going to be flying and Indian
air terminals would deal with in excess of 100 million travelers.

•        The
Aviation industry must be made prepared regarding foreign carriers  particularly from the Middle East. The
profitability of the aircraft operators in India were eroded due to global
meltdown and decrease in air travel caused by terrorist activities.

MEANING AND TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) recognizes Eating Disorders as a serious mental health condition characterized by unhealthy dietary habits and an obsession with body image, weight and food. This can affect any gender but women have a higher risk of getting affected.

SYMPTOMS

  • Avoiding meals
  • Often checking oneself in the mirror
  • Self isolation. Not interacting with people where food is involved
  • Keeping a check on calories, carbs and content of food eaten
  • Often feeling tiresome
  • Episodes of fainting or feeling dizzy
  • Sudden increase or decrease in body weight
  • Low immunity

Causes

  • Low self esteem
  • Facing other mental disorders such as Depression, Anxiety, O.C.D, etc
  • Impulsivity
  • Strongly following a particular thinking
  • Experience of traumatic events such as bullying or peer pressure in the past
  • Body image dissatisfaction

TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

PICA

It is a disorder characterized by craving and consumption of non-food materials. It is mostly found to affect children and pregnant women. Common cravings include chalk, clay, ice chips, glue, soap, etc. People suffering from PICA are found to have nutritional deficiency, stomach pain and damaged teeth. The most common causes may include autism, malnourishment, schizophrenia or pregnancy. Advice of a trained medical practitioner is essential to treat this disorder. A doctor may advice the patient to consume Vitamin supplements if the disorder is caused due to Vitamin deficiency. For a person suffering from other mental health disorders including Pica, the doctor may evaluate him/her accordingly and prescribe psychological therapy. For people having intellectual problems, Pica may last throughout their term of life, while for pregnant women and children, it may fade over a couple of months with accurate treatment.

ANOREXIA NERVOSA

This disorder leads people to obsessively think about their body weight and often see themselves as bulky. Patients follow self starvation and keep a high control over what they consume in order to lose as much weight as possible. They often end up having a life threatening low BMI (body mass index). They follow an intake of medicines and induce puking in order to minimise the calories. It is a complex emotionally stressful condition showing behaviors such as following an extreme exercise routine, constantly weighing themselves, paranoid thinking about weight gain, limiting the consumption of meals, feeling anxious or depressed and social isolation. Low confidence, experience of tragic events, societal pressure, etc may contribute in occurrence of Anorexia Nervosa. Medication, counselling with the family and peer, mineral supplements, dietary advice, cognitive behavioral therapy can help resolve the causative factors of Anorexia Nervosa.

NIGHT EATING SYNDROME

According to this syndrome, patients awaken during the nocturnal period and consume food for a period of more than twice a week. It can affect people from all genders. Night eating episodes or excess consumption of food after having an evening meal is associated with NES. It is quite similar to binge eating, wherein a person is unable to control the urge to eat a large amount of food in a short time span. Symptoms include consumption of more calories in the evening, lack of appetite in the morning, skipping breakfast for more than four mornings a week, misinterpretation that eating in such a manner will induce a better sleep, dull mood, etc. Treatment comprises of physiological methods such as maintenance of a healthy sleep habit, consumption of a healthy diet, gaining emotional support, regularly exercising . Application of other strategies like preventing a response to cravings, self monitoring and increasing consumption of food in the daytime is proven helpful.

ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA

People suffering from this disorder have a mania to ingest only healthy and pure food. This disorder makes the desire to eat the right kind of food so intense that, if one consumes unhealthy or imperfect kind of food, they end up fasting or punishing themselves for it. People suffering from it, will often find themselves surfing through food research sites, convincing themselves that the food they have eaten up was pure, being wary of sickness, fearing to eat food served at unknown places or by unknown people over the thoughts that it might not be according to their set standards, etc. This disorder may be a product of consumption of intoxicants, traumatic childhood dietary illness, fear of a developing a disease, etc.

Along with the above mentioned eating disorders, there are numerous other related disorders. According to statistical research, about 70 million people across the globe are diagnosed with an eating disorder once in their lifetime. Among these approximately 10,200 people die annually, due to an eating disorder. It erodes personal relationships, causes psychological stress and major physical complications. Hence, we can conclude that suffering from any eating disorder disrupts day to day living and thus needs a timely diagnosis, medical intervention and treatment.

Music a Therapy

Music a word which we all love to listen and we always love to listen music as well. Music relaxes our mind. Music listening to music makes us happy. Today everybody whenever they get little bit of their time they listen to music.

It has become an integral part of our life, we can’t even think of a life without music. We have music for every situation. It is scientifically proven that music has many good effects on our health. It helps us to relax from a busy life, it helps to change your mind when we are not feeling good, it booster moral to do something I.e., motivates us, it helps us to work out by giving us inspiration to do it, it helps to forget our tension etc.

Music has actually become a therapy today. Everyone have airpods, earphones, headphones which they use while working out to listen to music to have an inspiration to do it more fast or properly. We hear music in functions which makes us feel very happy with actually enhance is the party or function.

When we hear energetic music automatically feel like dancing which helps is to feel happy. And in Indian weddings we can’t even think of weddings without music and Nagin Dance too.

Whatever be your mode music is always there to motivate you to do better I just to make you happy and enjoy. It actually and has a thinking ability. So there are so many positive effects of listening music so, you do listen to music but, do take care of your ears too, don’t listen it in very high volume. And listen to positive music.

Yoga an Ancient way of Modern Living

Yoga an ancient Indian practice of balancing your body and mind. This is the actual modern way of living as in the stressful life we have forgot in the mean essence of life. Yoga helps us to be fit mentally as well as physically.

Now the whole world has realised the power of yoga. Even the UN has announced 21st june as the international yoga day. Now the whole world is doing yoga and are actually paralyzing the benefits of it.

It is scientifically proven that doing yoga helps you to calm your blood pressure, anxiety, stress and is capable of curing any diseases if done in right manner. It makes your body more flexible and yoga is actually a way of living.

It is really proud moment for India as an Indian ancient practice is now valued in the whole world and is given the Prestige which it deserves. One of the best thing of doing yoga is that it doesn’t have any side effect. Anyone can do it it doesn’t need any prior fitness or anything you can start with simple yoga.

Just if you introduce your car in your daily routine even for 15 minutes it will really give good benefits to your health which you will realise. Yoga has actually become a modern science. So if you are doing yoga please do it on a regular basis and if you are not doing your please start doing it as it has really very good effects on your mental as well as Physical health.

Gandhi Jayanti

2nd October, Gandhi Jayanti ,a date which needs no introduction. Father of our nation Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on this day. He was one of the strongest pillar for India during in struggle for freedom from British era.

He was very different from other freedom fighters. He believed in the concept of nonviolence and self sufficiency. His personality has impressed many leaders around the world like Martin Luther King Jr, Nelson Mandela, Einstein and even the Britishers one of those.

He was a gentleman who gained law degree in London and came back to the India and I was so touched by the living conditions of the people here that he decided to be one of them. He wore a dhoti and thin cloth on upper body.

He was a man of principle, in his aashram he did all of his work on his own and teach the same lesson to his followers. He was a tiny man but having a great speed. He walked miles on his foot that too with great speed, matching his speed was not easy.

He always live for his countrymen and tried to solve their problems and dedicated whole of his life for the country. He fought the fight of freedom with never compromising his principles. That’s the reason he was given the title of ‘Father of India’.

WHY IS PLANNING IMPORTANT IN BUSINESS?

 Planning is
a major part of the business. In fact, it is the first and foremost step by the
organization towards the achievement of their goal. In terms of business, it
basically refers to the process of setting up of objectives in a given time period
and analyzing all of the alternatives possible to achieve those objectives and
then finally, choosing the correct method to do so.

We can tell
by its definition itself that it is a crucial part of the business that cannot
be ignored. Let’s understand in detail exactly how important planning actually
is from a business’ perspective.

 

1.PROVIDES
DIRECTION

If we have
already stated in advance that what our objectives are and how the work is
supposed to be done, then it will provide a direction to us. Planning makes
sure that all the objectives are clear so that everybody knows what action is
to be taken and in which direction. All the employees are aware what the
organization has to achieve and what they must do in order to complete those
achievements. If there won’t be any planning done beforehand, the employs would
be confused and will work in different directions which would lead to nothing
but chaos.

 

2.REDUCES
UNCERTAINITY

Planning is
an activity that allows the organization to look ahead and anticipate the
uncertain events and risks that may take place. If we have a plan in advance,
there are less chances of the organization facing a loss in an uncertain event.
Therefore, planning anticipates the future risks and develops possible
solutions for it beforehand. Although it must be noted that planning only
anticipates the upcoming risks and does not eliminate them. So, it won’t help
you to avoid those problems but will provide a way to make sure you are
affected the least.

 

3.REDUCES
USELESS ACTIVITIES

Planning
makes sure that each and every department in the organization knows their goal
and the employs know what they are doing. There is a clarity in thoughts and
actions of everyone which helps to carry out the operations smoothly without
any confusion. Due to this, there is very low chances of redundant activities
taking place and wasting the time and resources. It becomes easier to detect
the inefficient work and eliminate them.

 

4.PROMOTES
CREATIVE IDEAS

Planning is
all about thinking in advance about what to do and how to do it and therefore,
new innovative and creative ideas can take place and provide everyone with a
solid plan. It is closely linked to creativity.

 

5.HELPS IN
DECSIONS

It helps the
organization to look ahead and gives them a chance to protect themselves
against the uncertain events and prepare with an action plan for it. For this,
one must choose the correct plan from among the various possible alternatives
available. Here, they must look and evaluate both, the positive as well as the negative
aspects of all the alternative choices because they need to select the one
which is the most feasible and profitable. Therefore, planning helps in making
efficient and fully developed decisions.

 

 

Instagram Business And Its Secrets

World is a five letter word holding entire adventures within it. Instagram is just another world and it is flourishing as one of the top social media platforms. A gallery of smiles, luxurious outings, good moments and pretentious good moments of a million of people, the application also serves as the stage for every artist and talent in the hidden alleys by provided them the boost to come out and display their capabilities and business potential.
The application, often criticized for its contribution to building up toxic body images, beauty standards, luxurious fantasies, toxic egoism, teen inferiority complex and social media addiction is undoubtedly filled with positivity if one tries to find it in the right places.

How did instagram became a brewing pot of new businesses?

During first few months of the covid outbreak, the shopping industry had suffered a huge loss. Offline shopping was out of reach and non essential items were barred from delivery. The online applications served the needs of the people and therefore, in the absence of any other option, online platforms became the only choice for the consumers.
However, this later became a more permanent and prevalent trend with the gradual relaxation on the non essential items. With the huge choices of options available for the people, going out was not being missed. Low prices, new items, discounts and quick delivery made it convenient for almost every household to manage their expenses.

When all of it was happening, somewhere in each home, social media platforms became the major source of social interaction. Online classes,webinars,video calls, vent posts, counseling, support, emotion and mental health management campaigns were on their peak (and still are). The main shift which occurred was rooted to one main cause. If social interaction, counseling could be carried out on social media, then why not shopping?!
Instagram business owners are well aware of how diverse and creative the instagram is as a potential business platform. The creative minds used the time to present an entire online bazaar for the users with the most unique, well designed and fresh items.
According to a research conducted by Statistica,14% of the people had to say that their choice of product was only available online which made them choose online over offline.

Instagram is an application which is often used by the people to derive inspiration and ideas . People follow celebrities and influencers for their styles, writers for their writings, artists for their art, designers for their unique designs, stationary addicts for their journal decoration, interior decorators for their work and the list goes on. Instagram runs on visually rich, aesthetic, luxurious, attractive and satisfying images. Every shopping site runs on this visual satisfaction but however, the trend has been going on in instagram not long after its launch.

How Can A Business Establish Itself On Instagram?

•Whenever anyone scrolls through google to search for instagram business tactics, VISUALLY AESTHETIC IMAGES, pops up on the lists without fail. The more creative your post is, the more audience you get. Instagram is all about the glitters and what makes the businesses successful is that, they turn the glitters into gold. Catchy quotes, glimpse of your products, interesting information on it and right editing can make wonders the business owner.
If the person is aware of how much demand his product can receive on the platform, he will be presenting it in best way possible.
For example: If a person wants to start with a customized clothing business, he has to be aware of the trending styles and material. Satin dresses, for example, are doing rounds all over instagram



•Interaction is another key. Unlike typical online shopping websites where the product is all which matters, instagram users have a keen interest on knowing more about a business owner. Especially if the business is a unique handmade business of any sort . The more reels and posts you make displaying the process of making products, packaging or even having causal conversations by going live, increases your chances of gaining a bigger audience. Interacting with people in the comment section and sending direct messages to new followers, asking them to check out your page are some other good options.

• #Hashtags. The right hashtags help you to reach your targeted audience on instagram.



•Consistency Is The Key to the business growth. It applies to everything we do in life afterall. Online businesses have grown so large in numbers that the competition is unimaginable. If you have the good product, someone has a better product of the same kind. If you have great ideas, someone has greater ideas and consistent actions to make it known to the people. But, how will you survive in this race? Its simple. Its consistency. Know your ideas and work on it everyday. If you have no new collection, interact with your audience or just share a picture of your work space. Consistency on your balance of ideas and actions make success a reality . Dedicating time to your business everyday assists you largely in the growth of your online business.

Instagram is often perceived with a cynical perspective due to sharp difference in reality and the visuals which are presented on the platform. Most of the people undoubtedly try to be the perfectionist in order to sell their ideas or themselves in exchange of likes, followers and views. However, everything can be utilized if a positive approach is adopted towards it. Same goes for instagram.

Evolution of motorcars mechanism

It is difficult, to imagine a world without the motorcar. Back in the 1700s, some of the very first cars were powered by stream engines. When German engineer Karl Benz drove a motorcar tricycle I 1885 and fellow Germans Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach converted a horse down carriage into a four wheeled motorcar in august 1886, none of them could have imagined the effects of their invention. Benz recognized the great potential of petrol as a fuel. His three wheeled car had a top speed of just ten miles (16 km) per hour with its four-stroke, one cylinder engine. After receiving his patent in January 1886, he began selling the Benz Velo, but the public doubted its reliability. Benz’s wife Bertha had a brilliant idea to advertise the new car. In 1886 she took it on a 60 mile (100 km) trip from Mannheim to near Stuttgart. Despite having to push the car up hills, the success of the journey proved to a skeptical public that this was a reliable mode of transport.

Daimler and Maybach did not produce commercially feasible cars until 1889. Initially the German inventions did not meet with much demand, and it was French companies like Panhard at Levassor that redesigned and popularized the automobile. In 1926 Benz’s company merged to form the Daimler Benz company. Benz had left his company in 906 and, remarkably, he and Daimler never met. Due to higher incomes and cheaper, mass produced cars, the United States led in terms of motorization for much of the twentieth century. This kind of movement has, however, come at a cost. Some 25 million people are estimation to have died in car accidents worldwide during the twentieth century. Climate changing exhaust gases and suburban sprawl are but two more of the consequences of a heavy reliance on the automobile.

Karl Benz with his wife Bertha, the first motor car (1885)

Invention of the clutch

Almost all historians agree that clutch was developed in Germany in the 1880s. Daimler met Maybach while they were working for Nikolaus Otto, the inventor of the internal combustion engine. In 1882 the two set up their own company, and from 1885 to 1886 they built a four-wheeled vehicle with a petrol engine and multiple gears. The gears were external, however, and engaged by winding belts over pulleys to drive each selected gear. In 1889, they developed a closed four- speed gearbox and a friction clutch to powers the gears, this car was the first to be marketed by the Daimler motor campy in 1890. Without a clutch, if the car engine is running the wheels keep turning. For the car to stop without stalling, the wheels and engine must be separated by a clutch. A friction clutch consists of a flywheel mounted to engine side. The clutch originates from the drive shaft and is a large metal plate covered with a frictional material. When the flywheel and clutch make contract, power is then transmitted to the wheels.

Patent drawings of first motorcar – Karl Benz

Gears in Motorcars

Karl Benz was the first to add a second gear to his machine and also invented the gear shift to transfer between the two. The suggestion for this additional gear came from Benz’s wife, Bertha, who drove the three-wheeled Motorwagen 65 miles from Mannheim to Pforzheim – the first long distance automobile trip. The gears allow the engine to the maintained at its most efficient rpm while altering the relative speed of the drive shaft to the wheels. Gears originally required double clutching, where the clutch had to be depressed to disengage the first gear from the drive shaft, and then released to allow the correct rpm for the new gear to be selected. The clutch was then pressed again to engage the drives shaft with the new gear. Modern cars use synchronized which use friction to match the speeds of the new gear and he shaft before the teeth of the gears engage, meaning that the clutch only needs to be presses once.

“One thing I feel most passionately about: love of invention will never die” – Karl Benz