Subhas Chandra Bose, affectionately called as Netaji, was one of the most prominent leaders of Indian freedom struggle. Subhash Chandra Bose (23rd January 1897 – 18th August 1945) was a well-known freedom fighter of India whose non-compromising patriotic attitude made a national hero. His exceptional leadership qualities in gathering support for independence has earned him the honorific “Netaji” meaning “Respected Leader” in Hind He founded Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) to overthrow British Empire from India and came to acquire legendary status among Indian masses.

Early Life and Childhood:

Subhash Chandra Bose was born in a Kayastha family on 23^rd January 1897 at 12:10 P.M. His mother’s name was Prabhavati Dutt Bose and his father was Jankinath Bose, who was an advocate in Cuttack, Orissa, then under the Bengal Province.Prabhavati Devi was a pious and religious lady. Subhas Chandra Bose was the ninth child among fourteen siblings. Subhas Chandra Bose was a brilliant student right from the childhood. He topped the matriculation examination of Calcutta province and graduated with a First Class in Philosophy from the Scottish Churches College in Calcutta. He was strongly influenced by Swami Vivekananda’s teachings and was known for his patriotic zeal as a student. In January 1902 at the age of five, he was admitted into Stewart High School; Cuttack.Ravenshaw Collegiate School in Cuttack and Presidency College in Kolkata were some of the premier institutions where he joined in furtherance of his education.

Clearing the Indian Civil Services (ICS) :

To fulfill his parents wishes he went to England in 1919 to compete for Indian Civil Services. In England he appeared for the Indian Civil Service competitive examination in 1920, and came out fourth in order of merit. However, Subhas Chandra Bose was deeply disturbed by the Jallianwalla Bagh massacre, and left his Civil Services apprenticeship midway to return to India in 1921. Being born in a well to do family, Netaji studied in some of the prestigious schools and institutions of British India.

Subhash got selected in the Indian Civil services examination, yet resigned from his job on 23^rd April 1921 and headed back towards India. The reason for his resignation from the ICS as he stated in a letter to his brother was that he was opposed to work under the British government. In the letter he further stated – “Only on the soil of sacrifice and suffering can we raise our national edifice”.

Political Life :

After returning to India Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose came under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Indian National Congress. On Gandhiji’s instructions, he started working under Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das, whom he later acknowledged his political guru. Soon he showed his leadership mettle and gained his way up in the Congress’ hierarchy. In 1928 the Motilal Nehru Committee appointed by the Congress declared in favour of Domination Status, but Subhas Chandra Bose along with Jawaharlal Nehru opposed it, and both asserted that they would be satisfied with nothing short of complete independence for India. Subhas also announced the formation of the Independence League. Subhas Chandra Bose was jailed during Civil Disobedience movement in 1930. He was released in 1931 after Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed. He protested against the Gandhi-Irwin pact and opposed the suspension of Civil Disobedience movement specially when Bhagat Singh and his associates were hanged.

Freedom Struggle –Falling-out with Gandhi :

After the General Elections of 1937, Congress came to power in seven states and Subash Chandra Bose was released. Shortly afterwards he was elected President of the Haripura Congress Session in 1938. During his term as Congress President, he talked of planning in concrete terms, and set up a National planning Committee in October that year. At the end of his first term, the presidential election to the Tripuri Congress session took place early 1939. Subhas Chandra Bose was re-elected, defeating Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramayya who had been backed by Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Working Committee. Clouds of World War II were on the horizon and he brought a resolution to give the British six months to hand India over to the Indians, failing which there would be a revolt. There was much opposition to his rigid stand, and he resigned from the post of president and formed a progressive group known as the Forward Block. Netaji, respected Mahatma Gandhi but was doubtful of the latter’s methods and agendas for the independence of India.  Being a soldier at heart, he tried to organize Indian politicians for forcibly deporting British from the Indian soil. Unfortunately, he failed, as senior Indian leaders at that time were largely in support of peaceful protests and marches.

Escape to Germany :

Subhas Chandra Bose now started a mass movement against utilizing Indian resources and men for the great war. There was a tremendous response to his call and he was put under house arrest in Calcutta. In January 1941, Subhas Chandra Bose disappeared from his home in Calcutta and reached Germany via Afghanistan. Working on the maxim that “an enemy’s enemy is a friend”, he sought cooperation of Germany and Japan against British Empire. In January 1942, he began his regular broadcasts from Radio Berlin, which aroused tremendous enthusiasm in India. In July 1943, he arrived in Singapore from Germany.

Azad Hind Fauj :

 In Singapore he took over the reins of the Indian Independence Movement in East Asia from Rash Behari Bose and organised the Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army) comprising mainly of Indian prisoners of war. He was hailed as Netaji by the Army as well as by the Indian civilian population in East Asia. Azad Hind Fauj proceeded towards India to liberate it from British rule. Enroute it lliberated Andeman and Nicobar Islands. The I.N.A. Head quarters was shifted to Rangoon in January 1944. Azad Hind Fauj crossed the Burma Border, and stood on Indian soil on March 18 ,1944.

Activity in exile :

A little more than a year after the japanese invasion of Southeast Asia, Bose left Germany, traveling by German and Japanese Submarines and by Plane, and arrived in May 1943 in Tokyo. On July 4 he assumed leadership of the Indian Independence Movement in East Asia and proceeded, with Japanese aid and influence, to form a trained army of about 40,000 troops in Japanese-occupied Southeast Asia. On October 21, 1943, Bose proclaimed the establishment of a provisional independent Indian government, and his so-called Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj), alongside Japanese troops, advanced to Rangoon and thence overland into India, reaching Indian soil on March 18, 1944, and moving into Kohima and the plains of Imphal. In a stubborn battle, the mixed Indian and Japanese forces, lacking Japanese air support, were defeated and forced to retreat; the Indian National Army nevertheless for some time succeeded in maintaining its identity as a liberation army, based in Burma and then Indochina.

Netaji’s Mysterious Demise:

The Government of India has decided to celebrate Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s birth anniversary every year on January 23 as Parakram Diwas. This was decided by the Central government to inspire people of the country, especially the youth, to follow on the path of Bose’s ideals. The legendary leader’s demise, however, still remains a mystery and theories come up almost until recently that Netaji had faked his death to work secretly in some other country. Today, we look at some of these death theories about the legendary legendary leader that have resurfaced over the years and been a topic of curiosity around the world.

The universally known story of his death was that he died in a plane crash on August 18, 1945 in Taihoku (Taiwan). However, his followers refused to believe this story and instead said that he survived the plane crash and lived in secret with a different identity until he grew old. One of the other bizarre theories about his death claimed that the plane crash was a decoy by the Japanese to help Bose escape to the former Soviet Union. This theory had been proposed by Retd Major Gen GD Bakshi in his book, Bose: The Indian Samurai – Netaji and the INA Military Assessment. In his book, the retired general stated that Netaji set up a Azad Hind Government embassy in Russia, he also successfully made three radio broadcasts from Siberia which gave away his location to the British. It is after this that the British interrogated Netaji and thus tortured him to death, alleges the retired general.

Netaji distinguished himself as a soldier in the history of Indian freedom struggle. His ability to gather the support of the world leaders for the cause of Indian freedom was commendable and hinted towards his diplomatic excellence. In the history of freedom struggle of India, there is no one who could replace Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose in popularity and respect.

THANK YOU !

Symbols Golden class as a symbol of misplaced veneration
In the biblical book of Exodus, the Israelite awaited Moses, their leader who had gone in search of enlightenment on Mount Sinai. During this time, without effective religious leadership, they made a golden idol in the shape of a graph and began to worship it. The golden calf was not an appropriate subject for the Israelites to worship. Dryden like in the English people’s veneration and an institution of government- a state that could be readily controlled by the people it governs- to the worship of golden calf, thereby indicating that such feeling of veneration was bad and inappropriate. The ideological notion that kings out to be constrained or limited by the government is represented as misguided.

Crown as a symbol of ruler Government and divinity appointed authorities
The text uses the word crown a decorative ornament associated with kings and rulers, to represent the kings, the government, and the legitimate authority as appointed by God. The use of the same word is to represent all these concepts lies in inviting the readers to assign to a government and to a human being the same authority they associate with their deity.

A flock of sheep as a symbol of people
The use of sheep represents a community of people with the leader as a wise shepherd, generally associated with Jesus leading his flock. It is used ironically here to tell an Old Testament story that is intended as an allegory for political events occurring in England. The Sheep represent the common English people. It suggests that people are easily swayed and led because they do not think for themselves.

Allegories rape as an allegory for rebellion
Dryden set forth a premise sometimes people cannot admit to wanting something rather, they prefer to be forced into it. Therefore, by forcing such an individual into a situation, he or she secretly desires is the person doing the forcing is doing the “victim” unnecessary and pleasing favor acting as a satirist Dryden exaggerates the argument into something so shocking it ends up supporting the opposite conclusion.

Bible story as an allegory for the exclusion crisis
The entire poem, which tells the story of Absalom and Achitophel’s rebellion against King David of Israel, is an allegory of the events that occurred in England in the late 17th century. Dryden uses biblical characters and events to comment upon the exclusion crisis and its major players ultimately supporting King Charles II in his right to the throne.

Brother isn’t it sounds too good and having an elder brother is the best part of life because from childhood to old age he always care about us.

The best part is I have experienced all these things mentioned above because I have my elder brother and he is too good. I am at 16 and till now I don’t have to ask for help from anyone and you will think why he don’t have to ask for help because” I have my elder brother to help me out from all problems and difficulties”.

But sometimes we feel like having a we elder brother is like restrictions in our life not to do this and all. We all used to fight with them but at the end we reconcile together. I don’t know about anyone but believe me having elder brother is not less then blessing.

Brothers are the only one who protect us from everyone and take care of us after our father.

What is self-love?

            It is nothing but the self-improvement economically, intellectually or emotionally. In other word’s one care about him/her self in all aspects of life.

Self-doubt

When you spend all your time and energy trying to manage other people perceptive of you, you will stuck with the self-doubt.

When you do it so you will feel inadequate and at the point remember that each one of us life is different from one another.

I’m sure you’re experienced a situation where someone made your day it all because of the kind word and compliment, it can bring to yourself by a writing a letter to your own.

No person is an island, as the saying goes and that holds true for our life too, so keep people who encourage you.

Becoming comfortable with yourself

            When you make your needs priorities it is easier to feel good about who you are.

            Meditation will help’s you to find what’s your need, It’s like answering yes or no.

            Say yes or no according to you.

            Don’t let other people put you down for the things that make you unique.

            In this modern era, we don’t even have time to spend with friends and family, so at least you have to spend time with your self and you will meet the best person in this world.

Identifying the triggers

            Our body say’s what we are going through.

            Notice any tensing of muscles, increased heart rate, tingles or any physical change that generally indicates what you’re experiencing.

            It help’s to enhance your self- awareness, do notice that how your mind takes the story its good/ bad, nice/evil.

            When you are trying to identify your emotional triggers, often you can prevent yourself from being triggered, so remove your attention from that and focus on your breath.

Eliminate negativity

            The minute you catch your mind in a negative thought focus on how grateful you are.

            Be grateful what you have

            When you catch yourself in a complaint, congratulate yourself for being aware, awareness is the 1^st step in stopping bad habit.

            Turn your problem into challenge.

Making new habits

            Decide clearly that you are going to begin acting in a specific way 100% of the time, whenever that be haviour is required.

            The more often you visualize and imagine yourself acting as if you already had the new habit, the more rapidly this new be haviour will be accepted by your brain and becomes automatic.

            When you realize to persist in the new be haviour it become automatic and easy and even you will feel uncomfortable when you don’t do.

            When you start rewarding yourself you will become more positive and you will become more positive and you will keep on doing.

Self-love

            People become mindful when they think, feel, do, what they want.

            You will like yourself more, when you take better care of you basic need.

            Say yes or no as per your needs, if you say yes to what you don’t like, it will deplete or harm you physically/ emotionally.

            Remember, there are no failure, if you have learned and grown from your mistakes, they are only lessons learned.

            Your purpose doesn’t have to be crystal clear to you, we are living with purpose and design.

                                    “GO HELP YOURSELF”

New classicism refers to the habit of imitating the great authors of antiquity as a matter of aesthetic principle and the acceptance of the critical precepts, which emerged to guide that imitation. Up to the last quarter of 17th-century neoclassicism had little influence in England except for Samuel Johnson. No important writer paid strict attention to the rules humanist critics had formulated Dryden also produced all for love (1677) which has been called the only correct neo-classical tragedy in English, but the fashion was outdated.

The usual excuse of rules was that they helped writers to be true to nature. Alexander Pope wrote, those rules of old discovered not devis’d, Are Nature still but Nature methodized, and implicit in his view was the assumption that ‘nature’ consisted in what was generally true. Following the list of ideas and characteristics as mentioned by M. H. Abrams was shared, between 1660 and late 1700 by authors such as John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Joseph Addison, Jonathan Swift, Samuel Johnson, Oliver Goldsmith, and Edmund Burke. These may serve as an introductory sketch of some prominent features of new classic literature.

These authors exhibit a strong traditionalism which was often joined to a distrust of radical innovation and was evidenced above all in their great respect for classical writers. Literature was convinced to be primarily an ‘art’ that is a set of skills, which though it requires innate talent, must be perfected by long study and practice, and consist mainly in the deliberate adaptation of known and tested means of the achievements of foreseen ends upon the audience of readers.

Human beings as an integral part of a social organization were regarded as the primary subject matter of literature. Poetry was held to be an imitation of human life- is a common phrase a mirror helps us to nurture. And by the human action it imitates, and the art form it gives to the imitation. Poetry is designed to yield both instruction and aesthetic pleasure to the people who read it. Not art for art’s sake but art for humanity sake was the central idea of neo-classic Humanism

Both in the subject matter and the appeal of art, emphasis was placed on what human beings possess in common. Neo-classic writers viewed human beings as the limited agent who ought to set themselves only accessible goals. Many of the great works of the period satiric and didactic, attack human pride.