National Sports Day

The National sports day in India is celebrated on 29th August. This day we commemorate the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand, great Indian hockey legend. He is known as “the magician “and “hockey wizard”. He played a very significant role in helping India complete their first hat-trick of Olympic gold medals with victories at the 1928, 1932 and 1936 Summer Olympics. The first National sports day was celebrated on August 29, 2012. Sports day is also known as Rashtriya Khel Divas.

He was born in Allahabad on 29th August 1905. He leaded the Indian hockey team in Olympics in Los Angeles 1932 and seized gold. He was top scorer with 14 goals in five matches. During 1936 Olympics in Berlin the Indian hockey team scored 38 goals in the competition and bagged gold medal. Major Dyan Chand was awarded Padma Bhushan, which is the third highest civilian award in India. He became chief coach of National Institute of Sports( NIS), Patiala. The National stadium in Delhi is named after this great legend.

Sports day is celebrated in schools and colleges by hosting sports day and athletic meets. Sports encourage and empower youth, increase talent and skill of students. Teachers also take part in sports celebrations. Sports improve physical fitness, empower and enlighten mind and abilities of students. 

 Government Policies regarding Education 

The Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) during pre- independence time played great role in the evolution and monitoring of educational policies and programs. The most important were National Policy on Education (NPE) in 1986 and Program of Action(POA) 1992 put forward that free and compulsory Education of satisfactory quality should be provided up to 14 years (Elementary education). As the result enrollment of students in primary and upper primary schools increased steadily. More enrollment of girls and backward sections of society in Education improved. The central and state governments took strategies to improve drop out rates which include :

Creating parental awareness and community mobilisation, providing incentives, improvement in content and schooling process and National Programme for nutritional support for primary education (mid day meal schemes). Right to elementary education is fundamental right and fundamental duty. 

The Minimum level of learning was introduced and it led development of better textbooks and workbooks, supplementary reading materials, teachers handbook and development in pupil evaluation. The Central Government gave funds for expenditure on elementary education. 

NON FORMAL EDUCATION

Department of Education started programme of Non- formal education (NFE) for children who remain outside formal system due to different reasons such as drop outs from schools, working children and those who perform domestic chores. The scheme covers urban slums ,hills, desert and tribal areas.

The National Bal Bhavan it is a Autonomous institution under Education department and it help to enhance and improve creativity among children from weaker strata of the society. The programs are designed to bring out the inner potential of a child. The national bal bhavan provides general guidelines and transfer of information, training facility to State and District Bal bhavans.

Promotion of languages – Government encourages in development of all Indian languages including classical, modern and tribal languages and help in production of university level textbooks to facilitate media. Financial assistance given to individuals and voluntary organizations to bring out publications for development of modern Indian languages. 

Sarv Shiksha Abhiyan

It is an Indian government program aimed at universalisation of elementary education ” in atime bound manner” . The program was initiated by former Indian prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. It’s motto is education for all.

Adult Education 

The National Literacy Mission(NLM) dominant strategies are literacy campaigns are area specific, time bound , cost effective, volunteer based and outcome oriented. It is aimed at eradication of illiteracy. Learner makes a transition from guided learning to self learning and it also help in skill upgradation. It helps in creation of learning society through ongoing educational programs. Rural libraries are established to improve reading habits among people.

Indira Gandhi Open University (IGNOU)

It was established by the Act of Parliament in September 1985. It is responsible for introduction and promotion of distance education and open university. The main objectives include widening access to higher education to mass audience, organize programs that help people to continue education. IGNOU provide university level education, it is flexible and open. 

 ADR and GDR

Depository receipt is a “ certificate which may be registered in the holders name but is more usually in form of a bearer security, giving the holder ownership of a specified number of shares in a company which have been deposited with a financial institution usually a depository bank.” It helps and permits the investors to acquire and trade in foreign securities and it gives access to major international markets. Depository receipt include American Depository Receipt( ADR) and Global Depository Receipts( GDR).

ADR and GDR are issued by overseas depositors against ordinary shares issued and placed with domestic custodian by Indian companies. Indian companies are permitted to access international capital markets through issue of ADR and GDR.

American Depository Receipts

It refers to securities offered, sold and traded in the American markets. Shares of foreign companies are traded in U.S stock markets in form of ADR. An ADR is issued by U.S bank and represents shares of foreign company held in custody in United States. By trading in ADRs, American investors manage to avoid problems of dealing in foreign securities markets. It enables companies to raise funds in the U.S financial markets.

Global Depository Receipts 

It refers to securities offered, sold and traded outside U.S and outside the company’s home country. They are certificates issued by bank in more than one country . The certificates allow the underlying shares which are traded in only one country to be offered globally without the need to be registered in foreign equity markets. The issuer doesn’t have to comply with U.S General Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP) and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosure requirements.

 Government policy regarding education in India

in India, till the year 1976, the state was handling the responsibility of education as the central government only take care of forming standards for technical and higher education. since 1976 it has become a joint responsibility . the decision regarding the organization and structure of education is taken by the states .so the union government is clearly concerned about the quality of the type of education.

laws related to the education system in india

as in India, we have the right Right to education which states that every child has the right of getting primary education between the age of six to fourteen here the government meant free primary education. free actually means no child is liable to pay any fees until it completes its primary education. it provides free education to those students who can not avail it on their own. it also gets details about parents, government, and local authorities on the basis of info it gives the free education.

there is another act right to information which allows the examiner to examine that the student should have freedom of speech and expression.

the right to equality is also an act that came by the government to remove the discrimination between the students during the time of admission as the schools can not say no to admission without having a valid reason so which helps in becoming everyone  equal for education. 

the student have an right of getting a loan for his education if he has attained the age of 18 as now he is eligible for come  into any type of contract .

scheme for secondary education

• Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan

• Girls Hostel Scheme

• National Scheme of Incentives to Girls for Secondary Education

• Inclusive Education for Disabled at Secondary Stage

• Scheme of Vocational Education

• National Merit-cum-Means Scholarship Scheme

• Scheme for construction and running of Girls Hostel for students of secondary and higher secondary schools

• Scholarship schemes for Minority students

• National Scholarships