“RABINDRANATH TAGORE” Biography

“Rabindranath Tagore” was a famous Bengali polymath who reshaped Bengali literature and music. Rabindranath Tagore was born in 7 May, 1861 at the city of Kolkata No. 6 Dwarkanath Tagore Jorasanko, Thakur Bari. His father was Devendranath Tagore And mother was Sarada Devi. He was the youngest of his parents’ 14 children. He was the Bengali Brahman by birth and his nickname was “Rab” or “Rabi”.

Tagore wrote his first poem when he was only eight years old. In 1877 when he was 16 Tagore published his first large poetry collection. In 1878, Tagore went to London. He enrolled at Public School in Brighton England he wanted to become a barrister letter he studied at University College London but in 1880 after Tagore did not do well in school his father called him back for London. His wife name is Mrinalini Devi. He got married on 9th December 1883 at the age of 22 he had five children in 1890 Tagore began managing his family’s estates in Shelidah. In 1898, Tagore’s wife and children joined him there. Tagore travelled across the vast estate. He was a poet, novelist, theorist, painter, music composer and a true Indian. And Bengali by Hart author of Gitanjali for which he become the first non European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. In 1930 Tagore wrote around 2,230 songs 2,500 paintings and drawings. Tagore wrote the national anthems of India and Bangladesh Sri Lanka National Anthem is based on a Bengali song originally written by Tagore. In 1938, poet writer and humanitarian Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian to be awarded the Nobel Prize for literature and he played a key role In The Renaissance of modern India Tagore is most widely known for his poetry but he was also and accomplished author of novels short stories plays and articles he took an active interest in a widespread range of social cultural and artistic endeavours he has been described as one of the first 28 centuries Global man he died at August 7 1941 in Kolkata India at the age of 80.

Duties Of An Agent

Agent and Principal

An “agent” is a person employed to do any act for another, or to represent another in dealing with third person. The person for whom such an act is done, or who is so represented, is called the “principal”. The contract between Principal and Agent is called ‘Contract of Agency’. Section 182 of the act defines the terms “Agent” and “Principal”.

Types of an Agent

Brokers
Factors
Del Ceredere Agents
Auctioneers

Duties Of An Agent

Agent’s duty in conducting principal’s business (Section 211): An agent is bound to conduct the business of his principal according to the directions given by the principal, or, in the absence of any such directions, according to the custom which prevails in doing business of the same kind at the place where the agent conducts such business. When the agent acts otherwise, if any loss be sustained, he must make it good to his principal, and, if any profit accrues, he must account for it. Illustration: B, a broker in whose business it is not the custom to sell on credit, sells goods of A on credit to C, whose credit at the time was very high. C, before payment, becomes insolvent. B must make goods the loss to A.
Skill and diligence required from an agent (Section 212): An agent is bound to conduct the business of the agency with as much skill as is generally possessed by persons engaged in similar business, unless the principal has notice of his want of skill. The agent is always bound to act with reasonable diligence, and to use such skill as he possesses; and to make compensation to his principal in respect of the direct consequences of his own neglect, want of skill or misconduct, but not in respect of loss or damage which are indirectly or remotely caused by such neglect, want of skill or misconduct.
Duty to render proper accounts (Section 213): According to Section 213 of the Indian Contract Act 1872, an agent is bound to render proper accounts to his principal on demand.
Duty to communicate with principal (Section 214): It is the duty of an agent, in cases of difficulty, to use all reasonable diligence in communicating with his principal, and in seeking to obtain his instructions.
Not to deal on his own account: Section 215 of the Indian Contract Act 1872 deals with rights of principal when the agent deals, on his own account, in the business of agency without principal’s consent. Section 215 runs as follows- If an agent deals on his own account in the business of the agency, without first obtaining the consent of his principal and acquainting him with all material circumstances which have come to his own knowledge on the subject, the principal may repudiate the transaction, if the case shows either that any material fact has been dishonestly concealed from him by the agent, or that the dealings of the agent have been disadvantageous to him.
Not to make Secret Profits: Section 216 of the Indian Contract Act, deals with Principal’s right to benefit gained by the agent dealing on his own account in the business of agency. An agent, without the knowledge of his principal, should not deal in the business of agency on his own to make secret profit. Illustrations: A directs B, his agent, to buy a certain house for him. B tells A it cannot be bought, and buys the house for himself. A may, on discovering that B has bought the house, compel him to sell it to A at the price he gave for it.
Duty to pay sums received for principal: According to Section 218 of the said act, an agent is bound to pay to his principal all sums received on his account. It is the duty of an agent to maintain secrecy of the business of agency and should not reveal the confidential matters.
Duty not to delegate his duties (Section 190): When an agent has undertaken to perform certain duties personally, he is not allowed to delegate his duties to another person.

Safety Of Women In Public Transport

Have you ever travelled in a public transport or in any bus, train, or metro train? Do you think public transports are safe for women? Being a women do you feel safe while travelling in any mode of public transport? Public transport is on essential service that provides individuals with access to work, to an education and to all of life’s opportunities. And yet, the access of many women and girls to safe public transport options is threatend by the potential of being assaulted or victimised. The findings revealed that 59% of women use public transport like buses, trains and on demand taxis as it is affordable but only 9% of women feel public transport is completely safe, while 3% claim it is completely unsafe and rest 47% claiming that they felt somewhat safe using it during the day, but not at night. The fear of molestation, assault, eve-teasing and male-gaze makes women feel unsafe in modes of public transport. Everyday 7 out of 10 women face some kind of bad behaviour, molestation, male-gaze while travelling in a public transport. Travelling late at night alone in train, bus, on demand taxis is a topic of concern for women. As you remember the Nirbhaya case happened in 2012, a 23 year old girl was beaten, gang raped and tortured in a bus in which she was travelling. Lack of road lighting is a key factor behind feeling unsafe, with 40% women stating only major roads were well lit. Sanitisation is also a problem for women in public transport/bus. Train stations and trains are vulnerable spaces for women due to crowded space or, due to isolated areas where there is no one available to intervene and help in case of emergency. Sexual assault, molestation and even rape are reported on trains and have been on the rise. Not reporting sexual harassment is also a common occurence. Only 30% women report the case of molestation as the women fears that reporting the case will degrade her family’s reputation. More than 50% of the cases remain upreported and the culprit live freely in the society.

The cases against women in public transport are on a rise but the following written measures can be taken to stop the increasing and high pace of these evil acts. Improving the lighting on the roads and on railways; bus and metro stations will have a direct influence over the perception of safety. Having more entry and exit prints to ease congestion. Improving infrastructure including toilets; staircase and pedestrain bridges; publicising helpline numbers; having functional and visible helpdesks where women can get immediate assistance; Making reporting incidents simple and easy so that more women do it- this can help show the patterns and trends and lead to pre-emptive solutions.

In conclusion, i would like to say that the world is changing at a rapid pace and we are living in the 21st century in a technological world but still the women in our society doesn’t feel safe while travelling in a public transport. Women fear molestation, rape, assault and male-gaze in public transport. Measures should be taken to safeguard women as women are the important pillar of our society and safeguarding them is the need of the hour. Men and boys should also be taught to respect women instead of disrespecting them and seeing them as a sex object. Both women and men are equal in society and should be treated equally and respected to make the society a better place for living.

Women’s Rights During and After Divorce in India

INTRODUCTION

In India, women are assumed to be reliant on their husbands at the moment of marriage. After their divorce, they have no access to work or any other means of gaining independence. Some of these limitations are alleviated by the rights they can assert following their divorce.

RIGHT TO ALIMONY AND MAINTENANCE

After marriage, women have the right to alimony. If women are not granted an adequate amount of alimony, they can petition the court for maintenance. Alimony is a lump sum payment made after a divorce, while maintenance is when the payment is made on a regular basis on a set date. If alimony is insufficient to cover her needs, the wife may request maintenance until she remarries.

Women’s rights in divorce include the fundamental right to request an allowance in order to support oneself. Maintenance is a certain payment paid by the husband to the wife after their divorce to make it easier for her to support herself. Maintenance refers to the requirements for self-sufficiency. Women may not be able to support themselves after a divorce, therefore they may be able to claim maintenance. Women in India have access to this right. If the spouse violates this right, the woman can seek redress under Section 125 of the Cr. P.C.

However, section 125(4) states that if both spouses are not living together by mutual consent, the women cannot seek support. However, if a divorce decision allows them to live apart, the wife might file a claim for support. Some personal laws, such as Parsi and Christian laws, provide provisions for support. Section 125 Cr. P.C. is a criminal claim in the event that the wife is refused support, and it applies equally to all laws.

Women may be granted maintenance on a variety of grounds, including:

Her husband has been nasty to her.
Her husband has either purposefully ignored her or abandoned her.
The husband has a severe leprosy or a venereal illness.
At the time, the husband had another wife living with him.
The husband maintains a concubine in the house or lives elsewhere with that woman.
The husband has left Hinduism and converted to another faith.
The husband has a mental illness ( mental state and unsound mind)
If the woman hasn’t heard from her spouse in at least seven years, the husband is presumed dead.
Any other legal reason for the husband and wife’s separation.

RIGHT TO RESIDENCE

After her divorce, the lady is entitled to a place to live. The marital home in which the couple dwelt belongs to both husband and wife; she can assert her right to residence even if the house is in the hands of the husband or is a rental or ancestral property.

RIGHT OF STREEDHAN

Streedhan refers to the presents of riches, jewels, property, and so on that are presented to the bride at the time of her marriage. She has exclusive ownership of the Streedhan, which differs from dowry in that it is given to the bride freely. The wife is free to keep her Streedhan because she is the only owner of it. She might use her Stree Dhan to alienate, sell, or give as she pleased. Women’s rights are guaranteed in Section 27 of the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, as well as Section 14 of the Hindu Succession Act. There are no conditions linked to the wife’s ability to keep her Streedhan after the divorce.

CHILD CUSTODY RIGHTS

The youngster suffers as a result of the couple’s separation. When a marriage falls apart, it separates every aspect that is linked to it. The children are also forced to pick a side and stay with either of their parents.

The guardian and wards legislation of 1890 and the Hindu minority and guardianship act of 1956 govern child custody rights. The mother has custody of a kid under the age of five years under the Hindu minority and guardianship legislation of 1956.

The natural guardian of a child is generally considered as a father otherwise mother. In case the child’s custody is not suitable for the father in that case or if it is not better than that of the mother’s then any indefeasible right can be claimed. Depending upon the welfare and security of the child, the custody can be shifted on either of father or mother.

Categories of child custody:

Physical custody
Joint custody
Legal custody
Third-party custody

Both parents have the right to custody of their children because they are the primary caretakers for them. However, the court makes this judgement with the child’s safety and well-being in mind. When deciding on child custody, the idea of ‘the best interest of the kid’ is applied, and custody of the child is awarded as a result.

RIGHT TO ANCESTRAL PROPERTY

If the woman is part of the joint family property she will have the right over the property even after divorce. This right to retain her property cannot be taken from her.

CONCLUSION

Women are free even after divorce and are not constrained by any boundaries when it comes to enforcing their rights. Maintenance, child custody, property, retaining her gifts, and other rights are all accessible to her. Some of these rights have evolved through time, and law has been interpreted differently, paving the door for women to seek justice. The law guarantees that their rights are provided to them and that they are safeguarded if they seek redress.

DRUG ADDICTION

Addiction is a complex situation, a brain disease that may affect your behavior, when a person is used to drugs, one cannot hold out against taking them, even when we know what harm it causes to us. As soon as you get treated yourself from the drug addition the less you will step towards the destruction of your life.

Craving for drugs are not only about taking heroin, cocaine or other illegal drug. But you can also get used to alcohol, sleeping pills or anxiety medications.

During the starting days, one may feel taking drugs gives them never experience before feeling. Whereas some of may feel they know how often to use it. But the saddest part is when you realise the true colours of drugs by that time it gets so late that instead of you control the intake, it starts to control you. And leads to damaging behaviour.

How drug influence you brain?

Our brain functions amazingly which makes us to take the satisfactory experience again and again. Intake of drug may be addictive the brain system. This releases the chemical called dopamine in the brain that generates magnificent feeling. And you keep on taking the drug until you feel high.

By that time your brain gets addicted to the extra dopamine, which leads you to take more drug to feel good.

Using of drugs for long time can cause damage to brain system and circuit too. This can harm your: memory, decision making and thinking capacity.

Symptoms of addiction

Desire to take drugs many times a day of every time.
Carrying drug everywhere
Buying drugs even when you can barely afford it
Spending more alone time
Showing carelessness in grooming
Sickness when you feel like quitting it

Prevention from addiction

“Prevention is better than cure” is so true statement here. Following are some prevention measures to escape form addiction.

Avoid inappropriate peer influence

Every person knows his/her limits and have different personalities too. One should never get influenced by others to do what they are not supposed to. One should choose their peer wisely.

Medical help

Many highly qualified psychologists, psychiatrists can give you best advice to get rid of such addiction. Also rehab centres helps such people to overcome drug addiction. It just you need to be determined and focused.

Seek help from parents

No matter what parents are the true blessing you have, always ask help from parents, and share your problems with them. This can motivate young generation to share their feelings of anxiety and wrong doings.

Counselling and education

Educating and counselling children is very important to face any difficulties in their future. Making them aware about the effects of drugs and how it can harm, should be taught to them.

Rights Of An Agent

An “agent” is a person employed to do any act for another, or to represent another in dealing with third persons. The person for whom such an act is done, or who is so represented, is called the “principal”. Section 182 of the act defines the terms “Agent” and “Principal”.

Rights of an Agent

Right to Receive Remuneration: According to Section 219 of the Indian Contract Act, an agent is entitle to his remuneration. But Section 220 of the said act says that, an agent who is guilty of misconduct in the business of an agency is not entitled to any remuneration in respect of that part of the business which he has misconducted.
Right of Lien (Section 221): Agent’s lien on principal’s property- In the absence of any contract to the contrary, an agent is entitled to retain goods, papers and other property, whether movable or immovable, of the principal received by him, until the amount due to himself for commission, disbursements and services in respect of the same has been paid or accounted for to him.
Right to Indemnity: Agent to be indemnified against consequences of lawful acts. Indemnity means promise make good the loss. According to Section 222 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 “The employer of an agent is bound to indemnify him against the consequences of all lawful acts done by such agent in exercise of the authority conferred upon him. Illustrations: B, at Singapore, under instructions from A of Calcutta, contracts with C to deliver certain goods to him. A does not send the goods to B, and C sues B for breach of contract. B informs A of the suit, and A authorities him to defend the suit. B defends the suit and is compelled to pay damages and costs and incurs expenses. A is liable to B for such damages, costs and expenses.
Right to Compensation: According to Section 225 of the said act, an agent is entitled to claim compensation for the injuries suffered as a consequence or want of skill of the principal. Section 225 reads as follows- “The principal must make compensation to his agent in respect of injury caused to such agent by the principal’s neglect or want of skill. Illustration: A employs B as a bricklayer in building a house, and puts up the scaffholding himself. The scaffholding is unskillfully put up, and B is in consequence hurt. A must make compensation to B.
Right to Retain Sums (Section 217 and 218): The agent has a duty to pay to his principal all sums received on principal’s account. But he also has a right to retain, out of any sums received on account of principal in the business of agency, all money due to himself in respect of advances made or expenses properly incurred by him in conducting such business and also such remuneration as may be payable to him for acting as agent. Similarly, when an agent sells his principal’s goods, he may detain the money received, for his remuneration on account of the goods sold by him. Such right can be exercised by an advocate also but lien must be confined to the costs incurred in that particular case.

3 R’s of Waste Management

Waste is one of the biggest problems for humans in today’s world. Whether it be of any kind ,(solid or liquid) it can cause a lot of health damage and many other problems. Basically, waste is any material that is discarded because it has serves its purpose and is no longer useful for us. waste is anything that occupies space, produces odour and smell, and has some weight.

But management of this waste is very difficult and important step to manage it. we know that nature recycles a lot of waste through many processes but due to increasing population , nature cannot manage all waste and this is where humans have to step up because if we will not be look into this it will gradually destroy our environment, cause harmful diseases and many other serious problems.

one of the easiest and popular way to do management of waste is 3 R’s( Reuse, Reduce and Recycle ) let us discuss these 3 R’s in detail :-

Reduce: reducing the waste is the very good way to manage the waste in environment . As more we will reduce the waste more , the less waste will be in environment .some efforts that we can do to reduce waste are:-

we should try to use disposals as minimum as possible, we should buy less products with packaging as it is a very big reason of waste, we always see food packages in streets and roads. This is a major reason of waste. we should either avoid packaging food or manage it properly by keeping it in dustbin. some more methods are:-

we should change our old processes for best use of raw material , through which we will be able to reduce waste in industries.
the liquid waste can be reduced by many scientific techniques such as precipitation etc.
we should try to use segregation of waste method to manage the waste .

2. Reuse: This method is becoming popular day by day. because if we reuse any particular material rather than throwing it away after just 1 use, definitely we will be able to reduce waste in pour area or environment .

we should not throw any material or product just due to a small defect or something else we can do something out of it. it can be reused in a different manner. we should only throw it if we realize that it cannot be reused anymore.

In countries like India, some waste materials like glass, bottles rubber etc. are placed casually in streets, these materials’ can be reused if we use them properly. Although many waste collectors in areas collect these wastes and supply them in useful areas helping in reducing the waste.

3. Recycle : the best R of waste management is recycling the waste. it is a processing of remanufacturing a product to make it useful again. some materials that can be recycled are such as plastic, rubber , glass etc. In India, we have tonnes of waste that is recycled . Plastic is one of the most recyled material that is recycled in tonnes. Recycling helps in reducing the consumption of fresh materials .it is one of the most important process of waste management .

What to expect from an Internship

1. Networking

One of the most rewarding takeaways from internship is definitely Networking. It helps build professional relationship right at beginning of your professional career. Networking during an internship is really important for your career growth and social life. The power of relationships can provide you with professional opportunities in the future that you would never dreamed of. It will help you to hear tips and gain advice from others who are successful. There are so many advantage of networking, it will definitely help you to build a great future. Exchanging information on challenges, experiences and goals is a key benefit of networking because it allows you to gain new insights that you may not have otherwise thought of. Similarly, offering helpful ideas to a contact is an excellent way to build your reputation as an innovative thinker.

In the future, these contacts could be potential references and may be also help connect you to new opportunities.

2. Soft Skills

Apart from enhancing skills in your professional domain, internships come bearing gifts in the form of soft skills. Alongside time management, teamwork and communication skills, you also learn to work with people who get on your nerves, adapt to demanding superior and long work hours and take accountability for your work. Skills like punctuality, multi-tasking, creative thinking, problem solving will help you with your full time job.

3. Working World Experience

Internship essentially serve as blueprint of how professional offices work. Regardless of the responsibilities, most internship follow a similar profile. Through an internship, you can learn more about responsibilities, hierarchies and schedules in a real time office. When students have an opportunity to experience real-world situations, it allows them to practice the skills they learn about in their books and truly understand the task at hand. Teamwork is an extremely important thing in the industry.

So if you want to try those big girl pant before buying them, an internship is your way to go!!

4. Compensation

We are gonna be loud and clear for everyone to hear, experience does not pay bills. You’ll come across internship offering ‘learning’ and ‘experience’ as compensation for your work. And often, in the rush to add a few lines to your resume you may be tempted to take up the first internship that comes your way. Trust me, there are tons of internship out there that will monetarily compensate you for your efforts and skills.

If an internship offers you all of these just grab it!!

Research method and its types

Introduction:
A specific way of collecting and analyzing data is called research method. What info is being collected and what data requires more importance for the research question is what the research method is dependent on. A research question is the question that a research project sets out to answer. The two types of research methods are collection of data and how that data is analyzed.

1] Collection of data: Deciding what data you would like to collect
To think about would it be qualitative or quantitative data you are collecting
Will the data be in form of numbers of words

•Primary or secondary data:
Primary data = collecting original data
Secondary data = using the data that has already been collected by someone else

•Descriptive or experimental:
Descriptive = using information as it is
Experimental = performing an experiment

2] How the data is analysed:

•For quantitative:
Statistical analysis methods to test relationships between variables.

•For qualitative:
Thematic analysis to interpret patterns and meanings of that data.

~ The 7 types of research methods are:
Survey method
Case study method
Ethnographic method
Interview method
Focus group
Experiment method
Archival study method

•Survey method:
The technique of collecting data by asking questions to people who might have desired answers is called survey. It covers a large audience. Examples of survey method are opinion polls and market research. Two tools of conducting survey are the questionnaire method and Interviews.

•Case study method:
A detailed study of any subject such as a person, place, group, event or organization is called case study. The main purpose of this method is to exemplify, to expand and to challenge. There are two types of case studies, outlying case study and representative case study.

•Ethnographic method:
The word ethnographic preserves its original meaning. It is a way of collecting data wile studying people in their natural settings or fields to capture the meaning of their everyday life. The field worker collects the data. He observes and questions the subject to understand them better. The two ways to conduct the experiment through this method are, open versus closed setting, overt versus covert approach and active versus passive approach.

•Interview method:
An interview is a face to face questioning from the interviewer the interviewee. These questions are open ended and it is more suitable for a small population. There are four types of interviews, structured interviews, unstructured interviews, semi-structured interviews and in depth interviews.

•Focus group:
Focus group focused on a group of 6-10 members with similar interests and characteristics who provide useful information. A trained moderator leads this group and gathers helpful information.

•Experiment group:
A group of independent variables are manipulated to see their effect on the dependent variables. This is called experiment method. They are mainly done to test a hypothesis.

•Archival study method:
Archival study method or the secondary data analysis involves analyzing data collected by others. It is mostly found in books, newspapers, magazines etc. It is also readily available to the reader.

Conclusion:
Research follows a particular discipline and method. As long as it is followed, your research will be a good one.

FLOATING NEIGHBORHOODS OF AMSTERDAM: A STEP TO COMBAT SEA LEVEL RISE

“Floating Neighborhood” is a water-based solution for the problem for Holland’s housing needs. This neighborhood floats, freezes, tilts on the water of Lake Eimer. The goal is to “make a circular, resilient, floating neighborhood”. The floating houses have similar architecture to that of the land homes and each house is connected to the floor of Lake Eimer. The building elements of the houses are: wood, plastic and glass. The architecture of the neighborhood is based on water environment and each house have individual water jetties for getting connected with land. Running below the jetties, cables and pipes generate gas, electricity, water, cable, and provide a sewage drainage system for each floating home. The community of the water dwellers have the facility where when one resident is short on electrical power, another neighbor can offer some of theirs if they’ve got any leftover current. The Municipal Authority along with other innovators, planners and architects developed a draft for sustainability master plan for the floating development with maximum priority on sustainability.

The main aim of “Floating Neighborhood” is to build sustainable neighborhood capable of addressing the challenges of an aquatic environment and harness the unique synergies it offers to residents. The neighborhood has adopted many approaches for solving environmental issues and rising sea level.

Adopted Approaches:

Sustainability of Floating Neighborhoods

Sustainable Solutions: The neighborhood relies on carbon intensive gas heating, well-insulated homes and passive solar heating through designs which make maximum utilization of natural sunlight, along with pumps which harvest warmth from the canal water even in winter. Solar boilers provide hot water, and water-recycling showers are equipped with technologies that recover heat that would otherwise go down the drain.
Harvesting waste water: The wastewater is transported to a nearby floating biorefinery which recovers nutrients and energy from the organic waste streams. Houses have vacuum toilets which are linked with decentralized sanitation facility and use anaerobic digester for producing energy using biogas, phosphorous and nitrates.
Usage of Sustainable Building Materials: The neighborhood uses sustainable building materials only which are light in weight and buoyant (bamboo is mostly preferred). The neighborhood has a community center which serves as a hub of neighborhood wide sustainability initiatives.
Smart Microgrid on Water: With the help of smart microgrid system on water, the residents have special permission that provides them the ownership of their own grid as well as energy sourcing and billing. Each house as installed large solar PV array and heat which with battery storage systems. The households have connections with energy management system which intelligently coordinates supply and demand of power within the community and allows the residents to trade energy with each other.
Replicable Blueprint for Green Building: The homes have green roofs where the residents can grow foods and plants. They can also collect rainwater and use it for different purposes. The rainwater can also be used for flushing the ultra-efficient toilets. The homes have solar hot water collector which connects to fixtures like recirculating shower, which cleans water in a water loop and saves both water and energy.

Different opportunities after the GATE exam

In this era, just being a graduate won’t bag you a wonderful job opportunity. All of us are well aware of the decreasing employment rates in India. So for an unprecedented career, one should go for higher studies. This won’t just open up the doors to your bright future but will also boost your career. Hence, these days, the students prepping for higher education opt for competitive exams.

GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) exam is one such very well-known exam. Almost all the science and engineering students appear for the exam and are also aware of the chunks of opportunities.

Well, if you too want to go for higher studies such as M. Tech or ME after your graduation. Then, this competitive exam is for you. Let me list out some benefits of qualifying GATE exam.

Public Sector Units (PSUs)

Candidates qualifying GATE with magnificent ranks is directly called for interviews by these organizations. These days many PSUs are hiring candidates with good GATE scores such as BHEL, IOCL, ONGC, SAIL, NTPC, HPCL, PGCIL, BARC and over 200 more PSUs present in the country consider GATE scores as a satisfactory criterion in their recruitment process. A job in a PSU ensures you keep in touch with intriguing engineering advances while enjoying the security and perks of a Govt. salary. Working in a PSU will not only help you lead an affluent life but also you will serve your country.

Higher Studies

If you crack the exam with an outstanding score, then the best opportunity is to get into India’s prestigious institutes like IITs and NITs or IISC. Based on your specialization and interests you can choose your favorite institutes. After completion of your higher studies, firms like Google, Samsung, Tata, Maruti, Cisco, and several other eminent companies with salaries ranging from 8 lakhs to 30 lakhs per annum bless you with really excellent campus placement opportunities. And if you have always dreamt of getting that tag of an “IITian” before your name, this is the exam that paves the path towards it.

Research

If you are zealous about your subject and want to explore new things, then after the completion of your M. Tech or ME, you can also opt for research, Junior Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories. Research is an area which is not developed properly in our country explored though it holds great promise. A very few people stay back in the country to do their research fellowship rather they go to foreign countries for a better prospect and future. But why should you go to a foreign university and do research while also having to struggle with part-time jobs to meet expenses? You can do the same outstanding and path-breaking researches in your own country and simultaneously can earn a hefty stipend for that. Isn’t a good option for you? By doing research in your own country, you can make your country and people proud.

Joining foreign universities after GATE

Another great opportunity after GATE is that you can join foreign universities for your higher education and fulfill all your dreams. Many universities in Germany, Singapore consider a valid GATE score, i.e. above 90 percentile as a parameter for admission. While many universities in Germany waive tuition fees for their various M. Tech and MS programs. So, make hard work for your GATE exam preparation and can get one step closer to your dream.

So, it’s prime time to start with your GATE preparation if you’re in your third year of engineering

Bachchan’s Madhushala – a gem in poetry

“Out of the grapes that are born of my emotions,

I bring forth to you this wine.

My beloved, have a taste of this cup of my emotions, From my very hands…”

Madhushala (the house of wine or the Tavern) is probably one of the most beloved pieces of poetry in Hindi literature. Harivansha Rai Bachchan has brought forth the wine to the lips of every reader and has metaphorised wine to mean every thing in life. It’s a complete book – a poem 145 stanzas long – prasing the tavern as a temple while contrasting the realities India faced in the face of the partition and freedom struggle. The tavern is like his life – the wine and the drinker complement each other just like two people in a relationship. The wine then becomes the sun, soon to become the moon and the drinker a person who is trying to find way through his life.

Call it not lava, though it flows red, like a tongue of flame.
Call it no Alas, he that with eager lips, has not kissed this wine,
Alas, he that trembling with joy, has not touched a brimming goblet,
He that has not drawn close the coy wine-maiden by her hand,
Has wasted this honey-filled tavern of Life.

Few poems could stand as high and mighty as this one. It is a poem that reflects life and India and as much a contemporary material as it was at the time of its inception. It is a story of human emotions more than just a poem and is hence, a very good read!

Life is short. How much love can I give and how much can I drink?
They say, “He departs,” at the very moment that he is born.
While he is being welcomed, I have seen his farewell being prepared.
They started closing the shutters of the tavern, as soon as they were raised.

Happy reading!!!

हरिवंश राय बच्चन की 2 प्रेरणादायक कविताएँ - HamariSafalta.com — Bachachan

The Secret Garden: A book review

A girl is born to a rich household of a British officer in the times of the Raj. As customary to apparently the then tradition of rich households in British India, the child was raised by the local servants. The father and the mother never really bothered to spend some time with her. However, a deadly plague breaks in and everyone dies. Everyone, but the girl child who is now a bitter, unkind girl who has spent a large part of her growing time simply commanding people and repressing her emotions and has a habit of being fed, and bathed and clothed – all by others. The death of her family means she has to now live with her uncle – a lord in the British Isles.

In that cold, dead and open manor, she discovers the meaning of work, expression, friendship and love – not only nurturing back his cousin to health, but also helping her uncle rediscover happiness and let the garden where her wife passed away – the secret garden with no doors open to anyone.

The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett - Land of Tales

The secret garden – a British children’s classic for more than a century now – is some of those books which one might not necessarily complete in one go, but would be pressed innately to return to it. The story is very much of a child but it builds up in ways that often evade even adult and contemporary literature. Imagination, revelations and most importantly the fact that the protagonist is but a child – all of it is simply touching. A movie was made on the book in 2020 starring Collin Firth and Julie Walters.

The Secret Garden (2020 film) - Wikipedia

Remember to give it a read!!!

Penpals – Digitalized to be rediscovered!

Letters are probably the most graceful way of communication between people. It probably was the most common way of distant communication for more than 3000 years of our recorded history. Until very recently, letters were used by professionals and by common folks alike. You pick up a culture – Indian, English, American, Japanese etc. – all of them have a dedicated space for letter writing – often considered an art. However, mobile phones, instant messaging and e-mails changed the way in which communication was carried out between people forever. It is not that instant messaging is bad. It is better than what was, but certainly fails to have the element of gracefulness that was imbibed in the culture of letter writing.

However, until very recently, letters were also used for the tradition of penpals. Wikipedia defines penpals as – “Pen pals (or penpals, pen-pals, penfriends or pen friends) are people who regularly write to each other, particularly via postal mail. Pen pals are usually strangers whose relationship is based primarily, or even solely, on their exchange of letters. Occasionally pen pals may already have a relationship that is not regularly conducted in person.” And this was a very flourishing tradition between cultures. But of course, life becomes faster with technology and the social changes that come with it.

However, the ones who love and the ones who adore find more ways to hold on to things than the ways in which the others discard the same. There are several penpal clubs that run through magazines. But COVID has certainly put a halt on a large number of them. However, a better thing happened because of this – the innovation of digital letters. For instance, the 2019 Google Apps winner app Slowly built by a Hong Kong Based firm facilitates letter writing online. The time taken by a letter to reach the recipient is proportional to the distance the letter needs to travel geographically, essentially emulating a real-life letter experience. Several other websites that do not necessarily work on the letter based penpal format i.e. they work more like a chat between strangers erupted in market due to the pandemic. The most famous of them is perhaps Omegle which also offers face-time options.

While many may lament that the smell of paper and ink and the post man coming and delivering letters meant a lot to them, a reality is that our realities have changed. The present generation, mostly people born after 2004 might not have many recollections of letters at all in India- thanks to the massive cell-phone boom that has occurred since. However, letters are a good thing. Because the slow modality ensures that a person works upon his language and choice of words. If that isn’t training for soft skills and practicing writing, one may wonder what is. So, the author wishes the ones now planning to write to new people across the world, all the best!

WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution is a global problem, affecting every continent and occurring in every type of ecosystem. It can be caused by industrial, agricultural and sewage systems, as well as by natural processes.

Water pollution does not respect political boundaries (or rivers), and can be managed at the international, national and local level. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms that contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment. Water pollution can come from a number of different sources. If the pollution comes from a single source, such as an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. If the pollution comes from many sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution. Most types of pollution affect the immediate area surrounding the source. Sometimes the pollution may affect the environment hundreds of miles away from the source, such as nuclear waste, this is called transboundary pollution.

550+ Water Pollution Pictures | Download Free Images on Unsplash

Water pollution is estimated to cause over 4 billion lost human lives per year. The global costs of water pollution exceed more than $1 trillion per year, making it the most costly environmental health hazard.Globally more than 2.5 billion people lack adequate drinking water, and another 1.8 billion lack adequate sanitation. More than 40% of the world’s population lives in water-stressed areas. The majority of this population lives in developing countries. In developing countries, water pollution is almost wholly due to point source pollution. The majority of the global burden of disease, injury, and premature mortality is estimated to be due to diseases caused by contaminated drinking water, sanitation, and unsafe sewage. Such major pollution events account for about 40 percent of the world’s total estimated disease burden.

It is well known that there are a number of ways in which water pollution can occur.

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION

Industrial water pollution results when materials that are harmful to humans or the environment are dumped into water. Often industry will be negligent in ensuring that harmful wastes are managed safely.

Agricultural pollution derives from the discharge of chemicals to increase crop yields, or pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers to grow food.
Wastewater pollution results from the discharge of human waste, sewage and industrial wastewater.
Nonpoint or diffuse pollution is pollution that occurs when substances diffuse into the water from a variety of sources.
Point source pollution is the damaging flow of a substance that originates from a single location that can be easily identified, contained or cleaned up.

Water Pollution: The Invisible Threat The World Is Ignoring

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

Virtually all types of water pollution are harmful to the health of humans and animals. Water pollution may not damage our health immediately but can be harmful after long term exposure.
Heavy metals from industrial processes are toxic to marine life such as fish and subsequently to the humans who eat them.They can cause immune suppression, reproductive failure or acute poisoning.
Microbial water pollution is a major problem in the developing world, with diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever being the primary cause of infant mortality.

Water pollution - latest news, breaking stories and comment - The Independent

These are just few effects of water pollution. If you wanna know more do research and know about it.

There are many ways to prevent water pollution and to avoid contaminating the water. Yes, there are various treatment plans to treat polluted water. For example, Sewage treatment plans, denitrification etc. The one thing we can do with the waste water is, Kitchen water can be directed to garden to save water as well as pollution. The things I said today are limited but there are many meaning in it. Hope you know more about it.

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