Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (Save the girl child, educate the girl child) is a campaign of the Government of India that aims to generate awareness and improve the efficiency of welfare services intended for girls in India. The scheme was launched in 2015 at Panipat,Haryana with an initial funding of ₹100 crore. It mainly targets the clusters in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Bihar and Delhi.

Country-India

Prime Minister(s)Narendra Modi

Ministry-A joint initiative of MoWCD, MoHFW and MoE

Launched22 January 2015; 6 years agoStatusActive

⭕Reasons For This Initiative ⭕

Sex selective abortion or female foeticide has led to a sharp drop in the ratio of girls born in contrast to boy infants in some states in India. Ultrasound technology has made it possible for pregnant women and their families to learn the sex of a foetus early in a pregnancy. Discrimination against girl infants, for several reasons, has combined with the technology to result in a rise in abortions of foetuses identified as female during ultrasonic testing.

The trend was first noticed when results of the 1991 national census were released, and was confirmed to be a worsening problem when results of the 2001 national census were released. The reduction in the female population of certain Indian states continues to worsen, as results of the 2011 national census have shown. It has been observed that the trend is most pronounced in relatively prosperous regions of India.The dowry system in India is often blamed; the expectation that a large dowry must be provided for daughters in order for them to marry is frequently cited as a major cause for the problem.^] Pressure for parents to provide large dowries for their daughters is most intense in prosperous states where high standards of living, and modern consumerism, are more prevalent in Indian society.

Rates of female foeticide in Madhya Pradesh are increasing; the rate of live births was 932 girls per 1000 boys in 2001, which dropped to 918 by 2011. It is expected that if this trend continues, by 2021 the number of girls will drop below 900 per 1000 boys.

The Govt of India has formed a National Executive Committee to promote Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) across the country. The committee is organising a number of programs to promote “Save Girl Child” and “to Educate Girl Child” since January 2015. Dr. Rajendra Phadke is the National Convener of BBBP Abhiyan.The Beti Bachao campaign is also supported by the Indian Medical Association.

Aim of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao SchemeThe aim of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme is to stop the drop in girl child sex ratio. Therefore, it will encourage women’s empowerment in order to improve women status in the country. It is a tri-ministerial initiative of the following ministries:Women and Child DevelopmentHealth and Family WelfareHuman Resource Development

Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people.It is also an area of research that seeks to understand how humans use verbal and nonverbal cues to accomplish a number of personal and relational goals..2021Interpersonal communication research addresses at least six categories of inquiry:

1) how humans adjust and adapt their verbal communication and nonverbal communication during face-to-face communication;

2) how messages are produced;

3) how uncertainty influences behavior and information-management strategies;

4) deceptive communication;

5) relational dialectics; and

6) social interactions that are mediated by technology.

A large number of scholars have described their work as research into interpersonal communication. There is considerable variety in how this area of study is conceptually and operationally defined.Researchers in interpersonal communication come from many different research paradigms and theoretical traditions, adding to the complexity of the field.Interpersonal communication is often defined as communication that takes place between people who are interdependent and have some knowledge of each other: for example, communication between a son and his father, an employer and an employee, two sisters, a teacher and a student, two lovers, two friends, and so on.Although interpersonal communication is most often between pairs of individuals, it can also be extended to include small intimate groups such as the family. Interpersonal communication can take place in face-to-face settings, as well as through platforms such as social media.The study of interpersonal communication addresses a variety of elements and uses both quantitative/social scientific methods and qualitative methods.There is growing interest in biological and physiological perspectives on interpersonal communication. Some of the concepts explored are personality, knowledge structures and social interaction, language, nonverbal signals, emotional experience and expression, supportive communication, social networks and the life of relationships, influence, conflict, computer-mediated communication, interpersonal skills, interpersonal communication in the workplace, intercultural perspectives on interpersonal communication, escalation and de-escalation of romantic or platonic relationships, interpersonal communication and healthcare, family relationships, and communication across the life span.

What Are the 4 Types of Interpersonal Communication and Interpersonal Skills?

When it comes to basic elements of interpersonal communication, the various types of possible communication will cluster under four basic categories: verbal, listening, written, and non-verbal communication

.1. Verbal 

Whenever you talk or even make an audible sound (like “hmm” of “Ahh!” for example), you’re creating verbal communication. Beyond the content of what you’re saying and the context in which it’s being said, verbal communication also includes additional auditory factors like intonation. This refers to how your voice rises and falls in tone as you speak and can shade how the words are meant to be interpreted. For example, the phrase “Have a nice day” can take on a number of different meanings when you imagine it said in a friendly way, sarcastically, or even ominously. 

 2. Listening 

Chances are that some point in your life you’ve been accused of “hearing but not listening” to what someone was saying to you. The distinction between the two concepts might have seemed nuanced at first until the message became clear: hearing is involuntary and effortless whereas listening is focused and intentional. Hearing is an automatic response that is the result of having working ears. Listening takes more effort. It’s purposeful and requires concentration to understand what the speaker is sharing.

3Written Communication 

When information that is complex or lengthy needs to be shared, it’s usually conveyed through written communication. To that end, written communication is often considered more legally valid than spoken words are. That’s why it often serves as an “official” mode of communication. Written communication can also include emoji, which can help convey more emotional information and context that can be hard to deduce from the words themselves. 

When you convey a message via written symbols, you’re practicing written communication. From emails and text messages to more formal memoranda and reports, written communication is the cornerstone of most information sharing in business. 

. Non-Verbal Communication

 Getting meaning across without using words either written or spoken is the essence of non-verbal communication. This can be achieved through everything from facial expressions, to specific gestures (“jazz hands,” anyone?) to body language and certain postures. To get a sense of how much can be communicated through non+verbal communication, consider that mimes are able to tell entire stories without uttering a word. Moreover, non-verbal communication often complements spoken communication. Gestures like ‘air quotes” or shoulder shrugging add additional if not entirely different meanings to what’s being said. 

Personality is something that people tend to think a lot about. When we meet new people, whether through work, school, or social events, it is often their personality on which we immediately focus. Whether they are nice, helpful, outgoing, or shy are just a few of the things that we assess as we evaluate the people around us.

What Is Personality Development?

It is our personality that makes us who we are, but how exactly do our personalities form? Personality development has been a major topic of interest for some of the most prominent thinkers in psychology. Since the inception of psychology as a separate science, researchers have proposed a variety of ideas to explain how and why personality develops.

Personality involves not only inborn traits but also the development of cognitive and behavioral patterns that influence how people think and act. Temperament is a key part of the personality that is determined by inherited traits.

⭕⭕HOW TO DEVELOP PERSONALITY?⭕⭕

1️⃣Evaluating Yourself

2️⃣Focusing on Positive Personality Traits

3️⃣Avoid Negative Personality Traits

4️⃣Speak Up More

5️⃣Believing in yourself

There are three main influences on personality development that we are going to look at in this lesson. Those are heredity, environment, and situation.

Empathy, compassion, and helping others: People with a strong personality believe that they are free and do not owe people around them any favours, and in return they respect the fact that others do not owe them. Preferring being alone and silence over mingling with those who do not understand them.

Here I have got some simple yet crucial tips over how you can acquire a well-meaning personality.

⭕Know yourself. …

⭕Bring positivity in your outlook. …

⭕ Have an opinion. ..

⭕. Meet new people.

⭕ … Read more often and develop new interests.

⭕… Be a good listener. .

⭕.. Be courteous. .

⭕.. Work on your Body Language

What Is Reflexology?

Reflexology is a type of therapy that uses gentle pressure on specific points along your feet (and possibly on your hands or ears as well) to help you feel better. The theory is that this eases stress, and that helps your body work better. It’s also known as zone therapy.

The way reflexology connects spots on the outside of your body to the inside is a bit like acupuncture and acupressure. But those therapies use points all over your body, not just on your feet, hands, and ears. And while reflexologists do use their hands, it isn’t a form of massage.

Like those other therapies, though, reflexology is complementary to medical treatments. It can be done alongside traditional care, but it’s not an alternative to it, and reflexologists don’t diagnose or treat illnesses.

Different types of reflexology

There are many types of reflexology. The common types of reflexology are:

• Standard Reflexology
• Zone Therapy – developed by Eunice Ingham in the 1930’s
• Vertical Reflex Therapy (VRT)
• The Reflex Meridian Therapy
• 5 Elements Reflexology
• The Morell Technique

Reflexology Benefits

Reflexology may help you feel less stressed, more relaxed, and more energized. But the benefits might go deeper if you have certain health issues.

Some people with medical conditions find that they feel less pain and discomfort if they have less stress, and reflexology may help with that. Researchers reviewed 17 studies of the psychological benefits of the therapy and found that it boosted feelings of well-being and made it easier for people to manage their conditions.

More research is needed to see if reflexology can have a direct effect on specific conditions, but based on what we know so far, it may ease:

• Anxiety among people who’ve had heart surgery.
• Pain during labour.
• Arthritis pain.
• Some symptoms of multiple sclerosis, like fatigue, and uncomfortable skin sensations.
• Emotional and physical pain caused by cancer.
• back pain and muscle strain
• sports injuries
• stress
• anxiety and depression
• sleep and eating disorders
• poor circulation
• irritable bowel syndrome
• migraine or sinus problems
• pre-menstrual tension
• symptoms of the menopause
• breathing difficulties such as asthma
• balancing the central nervouse system 

It may also

• Improve sinus issues.
• Relieve back pain.
• Ease constipation.

How Does Reflexology Work?

There are different theories about the exact way that reflexology works, but the main concept of all is that different areas of the feet are linked to specific body parts, and that putting pressure on one area of the foot can have an effect on the organ that it corresponds with.

According to zone theory, a foot is divided into five zones that run from toe to heel: The big toe is zone 1, and the pinky toe is zone 5. The body is divided into 10 zones that run from head to foot. Zone 1 aligns with the left and right center of the body, and zone 5 aligns with the left and right sides of the body. When you place pressure on zone 1 in the foot, it can relieve pain in the part of the body that’s linked to that area.

A theory that dates back to the 19th century suggests that reflexology works by stimulating the nervous system. Pressing on areas of the feet in a calming way stimulates the nerves there, which sends a message to the central nervous system. This helps to relax the body and has positive effects on your breathing, blood flow, immune response, and more.

Another theory suggests that reflexology helps offset the way that your brain registers pain. When your feet are massaged, the relaxing sensations may help relieve stress and improve your mood, which may make you less inclined to perceive pain as deeply.

Still another theory suggests that your body contains “vital energy” that is affected by stress. If you don’t work to relieve the stress, your body may not work as well as it should, which may lead to aches or illness. Reflexology is thought to help you maintain the flow of vital energy through your body.

When You Should Avoid Reflexology

Most people, even those in the hospital, can benefit from reflexology. A study on women with advanced breast cancer found it was safe even for people who are very ill.

But you shouldn’t have reflexology if you’re recovering from an injured foot or have gout. Because it may affect blood flow, it’s not for people with blood clots or women who are pregnant.

If you have a chronic condition, a disease that affects your feet or legs, or arthritis in your feet or ankles, ask your doctor first. If your feet are off-limits, you may still be able to have reflexology on your hands or ears.

If you have recently had an operation or surgery, if you have had any injuries that might affect your treatment – such as a recently healed broken ankle avoid reflexology.

Indira Gandhi, in full Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi, née Nehru, (born November 19, 1917, Allahabad, India—died October 31, 1984, New Delhi), Indian politician who was the first female prime minister of India, serving for three consecutive terms (1966–77) and a fourth term from 1980 until she was assassinated in 1984.

Indira Nehru was the only child of Jawaharlal Nehru, who was one of the chief figures in India’s struggle to achieve independence from Britain, was a top leader of the powerful and long-dominant Indian National Congress (Congress Party), and was the first prime minister (1947–64) of independent India. Her grandfather Motilal Nehru was one of the pioneers of the independence movement and was a close associate of Mohandas (“Mahatma”) Gandhi. She attended, for one year each, Visva-Bharati University in Shantiniketan (now in Bolpur, West Bengal state) and then the University of Oxford in England. She joined the Congress Party in 1938.

Gandhi’s biggest achievement following the 1971 election came in December 1971 with India’s decisive victory over Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani War that occurred in the last two weeks of the Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to the formation of independent Bangladesh.

She married Feroze Gandhi at the age of 25, in 1942. Their marriage lasted 18 years until he died of a heart attack in 1960.[218] They had two sons—Rajiv (b. 1944) and Sanjay (b. 1946). Initially, her younger son Sanjay had been her chosen heir, but after his death in a flying accident in June 1980, Gandhi persuaded her reluctant elder son Rajiv to quit his job as a pilot and enter politics in February 1981. Rajiv took office as prime minister following his mother’s assassination in 1984; he served until December 1989. Rajiv Gandhi himself was assassinated by a suicide bomber working on behalf of LTTE on 21 May 1991.[219]Gandhi’s yoga guru, Dhirendra Brahmachari, helped her in making certain decisions and also executed certain top level political tasks on her behalf, especially from 1975 to 1977 when Gandhi “declared a state of emergency and suspended civil liberties.

Garibi Hatao Desh Bachao (“Remove poverty, rescue the country”) was the theme and slogan of Indira Gandhi’s 1971 election campaign.It was a famous slogan given by her.

she died on 31 October, 1984.Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated at 9:29 a.m. on 31 October 1984 at her residence in Safdarjung Road, New Delhi. She was killed by her Sikh bodyguards Satwant Singh and Beant Singh in the aftermath of Operation Blue Star.She was attacked by a gun..38 (9.1mm) revolver and Sterling submachine gun

Salma Sultan gave the first news of the assassination of Gandhi on Doordarshan’s evening news on 31 October 1984, more than ten hours after she was killed.It is alleged by the Indian government that Gandhi’s secretary R. K. Dhawan overruled intelligence and security officials who had ordered the removal of policemen as a security threat, including her assassins.

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was a leading figure in the Indian Independence struggle. He was the first Prime Minister of Independent India. He had initiated socio-economic policies of the idealistic socialist kind. He was a prolific writer and authored books such as ‘The Discovery of India’ and ‘Glimpses of the World History’

Quick Facts⭕

⭕Born on: 14 November, 1889

⭕Place of Birth: Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh

⭕ IndiaFather’s Name: Motilal Nehru

⭕Mother’s Name: Swarup Rani Nehru

⭕Spouse: Kamala NehruChildren: Indira Gandhi

⭕Education: Harrow School, London; Trinity College, Cambridge; Inns of Court School of Law, London

⭕Occupation: Barrister, Writer, and PoliticianPolitical party:

⭕ Indian National CongressPolitical Ideology: Nationalism, Socialism, Democracy

⭕Award: Bharat RatnaPublications/

⭕Works: The Discovery of India, Glimpses of World History, Jawaharlal Nehru’s Autobiography, Letters from a Father to his Daughter, etc

⭕.Died: 27 May 1964

⭕Place of Death: New Delhi

Children’s Day 2021: It is also known as ‘Bal Diwas’. It is celebrated on November 14, 2021, to commemorate the birth anniversary of India’s first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.The day is also recognised across the country to raise awareness about the rights, care, and education of children.

Since 1956, India has been celebrating Children’s Day on November 20. Originally, on November 20, Children’s Day was observed as Universal Children’s Day by the United Nations.After the death of Chacha Nehru in 1964, his birth anniversary began to be celebrated as Children’s Day in the country. His popularity among children was considered and a resolution was passed in parliament to celebrate National Children’s Day in his honour on November 14.

Chacha Nehru was a strong advocate for children’s education and always believed that a newly independent country could only flourish alongside the prosperity of its children. He believed that children were the real strength of a nation and the foundation of society.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography, Early Life, Achievements, Quotes will be discussed here. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, often known as APJ Abdul Kalam, was an outstanding scientist who rose to become India’s 11th President from 2002 to 2007. Kalam worked as a scientific administrator and scientist for over four decades, mainly at the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). He was deeply involved in India’s military missile development activities as well as its civilian space program.

⭕APJ Abdul Kalam Biography⭕

He was given the moniker ‘The Missile Man of India’ to launch technology and ballistic missile development. APJ Abdul Kalam was a key figure in the Pokhran-II Nuclear Tests in 1998. On October 15, 1931, APJ Abdul Kalam was born into an impoverished Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. Ashiamma was a homemaker, while his father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner and an imam at a local mosque.

⭕APJ Abdul Kalam Early Life⭕

He was an average student at school, but he had a tremendous desire to study and work hard. He loved mathematics and would spend hours studying it. In 1954, he graduated from ‘Saint Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli,’ after attending ‘Schwartz Higher Secondary School.’He aspired to be a fighter pilot, but his ambition was dashed when the IAF only had eight seats available, and he was assigned to the ninth.

⭕APJ Abdul Kalam Career⭕

As a researcher, While on the ‘INCOSPAR’ committee, Kalam worked under the great space scientist Vikram Sarabhai. After joining the ‘Defence Research and Development Service,’ he graduated from the ‘Madras Institute of Technology in 1960 and worked as a scientist at the ‘Aeronautical Development Establishment.’ In 1969, Kalam was sent to the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). He rose to the project manager position for the country’s most advanced satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III). Under Kalam’s direction, SLV-III successfully launched the ‘Rohini’ satellite into near-Earth orbit in July 1980.In 1970, Kalam took part in a variety of initiatives, including ‘Project Devil.’ He was also a part of the ‘Project Valiant’ group. Despite the project’s failure, it established the groundwork for creating the ‘Prithvi Missile’ in 1980.

⭕APJ Abdul Kalam Achievements⭕

He was a crucial figure in India’s ‘Porkhran-II’ nuclear tests, which took place in May 1998. Kalam became a national hero due to the success of these nuclear tests, and his popularity skyrocketed.He provided various proposals to make India a developed country by 2020 as a technical visionary in technology advancements, agriculture, and nuclear energy.As President, The governing National Democratic Alliance (NDA) nominated Kalam for President in 2002, and he was elected President. On July 25, 2002, he became India’s 11th President, a post he held until July 25, 2007. He was also the third President of India to be awarded the ‘Bharat Ratna’ before taking office.He was popularly known as ‘The People’s President’ because of his working manner and interactions with ordinary people, particularly the young. The signing of the ‘Office of Profit Bill,’ according to Dr. Kalam, was the most difficult choice he made during his presidency.During his presidency, he was chastised for his lack of action in deciding on the fate of mercy petitions that were sent to him. Only one of the 21 mercy requests received his attention. He advocated President’s rule in Bihar in 2005, which was also a contentious choice.

Journalism is the activity of gathering, assessing, creating, and presenting news and information. Basically, writing about recent developments. Mass communication is the study of spreading information to a large audience through various means of communication.If mass communication is the activity of dispersing news, journalism is concerned with collection and dissemination of news through the print media as well as the electronic media. This involves various areas of works like reporting, writing, editing, photographing, broadcasting or cable casting news items.  Journalism includes investigating, analysing and reporting local as well as world events, trends, current affairs, and so on. In recent years, the field of mass media and communication has evolved into a partially interactive concept that touches almost every aspect of human life. And, with the sheer proliferation of media into our lives through newspaper, television, and the internet the field of mass communication is gaining popularity like never.

*Why should you pursue a degree in Journalism and Mass Communication?*

📍A degree in Journalism and Mass Communication brings an opportunity to work under/with creative, well-educated people who inspire you to do well. The scope of mass media as a field is increasing and there is never a dearth of job opportunities. One gets the taste of name, fame & money and also travel while working.

⭕Rewarding career

⭕Broaden your network

⭕Social prestige

⭕Travel and gain new experiences

⭕Ample career opportunities

⭕Social networking

⭕Glamour

⭕Brings creativity

⭕Gain skills

⭕Freelancing

*List of Top 10 career options in Journalism and Communication:* *1️⃣Television* *

2️⃣Journalist* *

3️⃣. Digital Marketing Expert* *

4️⃣Radio Jockey(Rj)* *

5️⃣Social Media Executive* *

6️⃣Content Creator/Developer* *

7️⃣Publicity/Advertising Industry* *

8️⃣Public Relations Professionals*

*9️⃣Event Manager*

🔟 *Broadcasting and Production*

 A degree in mass communication opens doors of opportunities in Journalism, Public Relations, Reporting, News Analysis and Advertising.

TEACHER: Talented Educated Adorable Charming Helpful Encouraging Responsible📍Every year on September 5, the birth anniversary of Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan is being celebrated as Teachers’ Day across the country. Radhakrishnan was born in a poor Brahmin family in Andhra Pradesh’s Tiruttani in 1888. He was a bright student and through scholarships completed his studies. A great scholar, philosopher and a Bharat Ratna recipient, Radhakrishnan was the first Vice President and second President of independent India.During his tenure as a President of India (from 1962-67), his students and friends requested him to celebrate his birthday. He replied, “Instead of celebrating my birthday, it would be my proud privilege if September 5 is observed as Teachers’ Day.” Since then, his birthday has been observed as Teachers’ Day. *Fun Games And Activities To Celebrate Teacher’s Day This Year* Teachers play very important roles in shaping the future of your child. Activities for Teacher’s day celebrations are a way to celebrate the unparalleled contribution of the teachers in your child’s life. Teachers love the activities performed and the fun games hosted by students on this day. It gives an opportunity to your child to come closer to her teacher and develop a strong bonding.

⚫ “`Stage Performances“`

⚫Teacher’s Day Games

⚫Arrange Informal Chatting Sessions

⚫ “` “`Thanking The Teachers“`

⚫Arrange A Picnic

⚫ “`Decorate“`

⭕GIFT ITMES To Teachers

1️⃣ Books

2️⃣A Pack of Chocolates

3️⃣Diary

4️⃣Pen Stand

5️⃣Greetings Card

6️⃣A Hand-written Note

7️⃣Cake

8️⃣Perfume And many more.

This is why and how we celebrate teachers day.