Category: Skill Development

Skill development is a process of identifying your skill gap and ensuring you develop these skills.

CAN WE THINK “WORLD WITHOUT ENGLISH”?

ENGLISH IN PRE-INDEPENDENCE DAYS

During the British rule in India English was imposed on Indians as a compulsory study. The British rulers wanted a class of interpreters between the rulers and ruled. Only a selected few could learn English and get good jobs under the British rulers. English education was confined to the chosen few. The foreign rulers had no desire to educate the mass.

ENGLISH AFTER INDEPENDENCE

English education, however, did one good thing to India. It created a batch of scholars who imbibed the best English education. The western culture, new ideas and thoughts about science and scientific studies slowly spread among us through English and we became aware of the tremendous progress that the nations of the west were making. This knowledge, rather the impact of this aerated a tremendous excitement among us and this was the root of the famous Renaissance Movement, which is a bright landmark in our social, cultural and educational sphere. After independence, some nationalists wanted the complete abolition of English from our academic programme. They pleaded for the abolition of English on the ground that its retention smacks of our slavery to England. But there were others who wanted English to continue as a subject for study.

IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH ITS PLACE IN EDUCATION

The English language is known as the lingua franca of the world. English language is no longer the monopoly of English men. It is now used by a large number of people scattered geographically in different parts of the world. English language is the gateway to the various branches of knowledge and it opens the window to the outside world. It is studied now in many countries, and it is a very helpful means for international communication in commerce and culture. So narrow patriotism should not blur our vision about its importance. It is necessary to retain English as a link language, and as a second language to be read from class III. Regional language should be given first preference, and should be the medium of instruction up to the graduate level. We would see some of the vital reasons to hug English in the main course of life.

Knowledge of English will open doors of bigger opportunity in the field of higher studies on national and international platform.

No scientific and commercial knowledge can be complete without the proper knowledge of English.

This is the language one can study quickly and smoothly without troubles. So, it paves the way to greater studies hence generate greater interest in all type of knowledge acquisition.

International English Language Testing System (IELTS) opens wider prospects to enter in any renowned institution all over the world.

Meaningful study of English will make you conscious of the progress and the standard of living the world has achieved. English is the language of the media and a person can receive exceptional growth in books publishing, films, TV shows if one pursues English in these career prospect.

Technological growth prospers in the lap of English culture and skill. One receives ample support and strength if assisted by English in all level.

English knowing professional wins laurels and fatty salary packages in comparison to other besides promotion and felicitations in a company.  

English is the language of the internet. Right from website development to social media marketing every thing demands a solid base if English. So, the good learners are always getting an edge effect in all the matter.

English education knowledge and workings make you the greater professional, enhances your competitiveness and all-round exhibition of skill. It makes you to be a satisfied citizen of the world.

Knowledge of English gives greater depth in research work, thesis writing, contents composing, communication and future advancement of all the subjects known to the humanity.

So, education, civilization and communication demand a worldwide awakening of English learning culture, practice, use and application in all aspects of life.

Is Literature taking us away from the real world?

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It is always considered that the people always acknowledge “ what is actual and reasonable” and in this instance often the imaginative world is denied by them!

“Literature is not only a branch of academia which people are fond of for centuries but it has further become into a subject of the matter when it comes to fiction”. It is often unvalued by the fact that literature provides an absurd approach to the other branches of the world that believes in science and not in magical elements.

The fact that one should always remember is that the essence of literature is never gone even in spite of so many prejudices against it. Great writers Like John Donne, William Shakespeare, Rabindranath Tagore have upheld the pride of literature by their beautiful works.

Literature – A Backbone of the Inner society!

A very famous quote of all, which we have known for ages; “Literature is a mirror of society”, yet we forget this quote because non- Literature people are not very fond of poetry, essays, and novels. But one must know that Literature is not only a place for fictional lovers but also provides a reality of the real world.

Taking back to Chaucer’s age when writing was not so popular, yet “Canterbury Tales” was written and unexpectedly it turned out to be the legendary piece that literature holds to date. Being one of the best pieces of all, Canterbury tales was the background of the 14th-century society of England where people believe in god and considered god above humans.

When the English renaissance came people started to believe among themselves and considered humans and humanists as the great topic and wrote about them and their lives.

The whole background history is found in those classical works in the form of so called “Literature works”.

Now when people talk about the history and the consequences of the wars, it is literature that has preserved the whole history in several kinds of books that are cherished and protected by them who understood the purity of literature.

Every drop of works is poured into the petals of history and preserved by these eminent writers who contributed their emotions and portrayed the society of that era through their writings and contributed to the ocean of literature.

For some it’s a “Myth” :

There are several ideologies and theories are done in the matter of literature and they proved that literature is a myth as it doesn’t belong any place in the real world! So the question that arrives here is , what do literarians, bibliophiles and the readers think about?

This is a very controversial concern, as for some “Literature is an emotion which should be presevered for the coming eras, It is something to be conserved so that the coming generation would know the aesthetics of emotions, culture and people“.

As the days are going by, the essence of humanity is decreasing day after the other, but certain emotional norms are still alive holding up because of literature, it is because of Great works like “Romeo and Juliet”, “Pride and Prejudice”, “Wuthering Heights”, that people still believe in love and its pure existence between two people. Even in this era where people are having an ill-fated relationship and are doomed by their own actions still believe that there are certain emotions present In them.

The world is a better place if people love each other and live in harmony. It is literature that teaches that still we all are humans and we should accept the fact that not everywhere facts and logical explanations are approved, rather it is emotional evidence that is more prominent.

Its time to save literature!

Every branch of academia is relevant in some way or the other which provides us the reality check of various elements present in the world , among them literature is one of them which still is remembered and exists in our society due to the tremendous works done by the crafters of literature ( The writers, poets).

Hiding it or erasing it would never be a good thing to do, as aestheticism always protected these works and still popular among people who believe in fantasy and poetry. It is rather a sense a catharsis which each reader goes through which is written by these dead writers.

Though the artists die, the art remains forever! Likewise, The art of literature can never be faded because the artist’s art is immortal, all we have to respond that we as ardent readers should make this immortal art live for many centuries and should never let them fade away in spite of any circumstances which the worlds demand us to do.

Who Says You Have To Get Out Of Your Comfort Zone?

I love my comfort zone. To me, that’s where the real magic happens.

In my comfort zone, I have my family, friends, work, music, books, movies, bike, gym, park, you name it. Everything I love.

And from that place of safety, I’m more open to trying new things and take risks.

I’ve never believed the idea of that stupid little drawing. You know what I’m talking about, right?

  • “Your comfort zone.” A little circle.
  • “Where the magic happens.” A big circle that stands for the promise of success.

As if “magic” only happens when you step outside your comfort zone; that’s ridiculous. And while we’re at it; why pretend as if your comfort zone is bad? It’s this little pathetic circle displayed against the bigger “magical” circle.

Sure, I’m all about pushing yourself, trying new things, moving forward, growing, etc. But in contrast to many popular self-help people, I don’t believe the comfort zone is a bad thing.

Call me a pessimist. Call me a stoic. But more than anything, I’m merely a practical person.

And practically speaking, you don’t even want to make a huge leap outside your comfort zone. In fact, I believe in the slow road to “magic.”

Where’s The Magic People Talk About?

I’ve found that I do my best work when I don’t worry about money, finding new friends, getting familiar with a new environment, and anything else that is related to always moving around.

But don’t get me wrong. I’m not saying I prefer to stay put. Stagnation is a death sentence to me.

I believe that there are different phases to life. Sometimes, you take it easy, work on your skills, your character — you invest in yourself.

And sometimes, you just go out there and take a chance. Life’s too short to be a wimp.

But those two things are interconnected. If you don’t work on yourself, and if you lack self-confidence, you will never take a risk.

For years I wanted to do what I’m doing now. But instead of jumping out of my comfort zone (which was scary), I slowly took on new and bigger challenges.

First, I got two degrees in business. Then, I started a business together with my father. That was in 2010. And after two years of working on that business for six or seven days a week, I started doing freelance marketing work.

Again, after a few years of freelancing and starting (and failing) other businesses on my own, I took a job at a research advisory firm because I wanted to know how it is to work for a major corporation.

And after doing that for a year and a half, I finally decided to write and talk about productivity, career, and entrepreneurship on the internet.

By then, I‘d been doing the things I write about for more than 10 years. And yet, I don’t have all the answers—I just share the stuff I’ve learned.

So it would be ridiculous if I would join people who scream: “If you want to be successful, all you have to do is step outside your comfort zone. NOW!”

Well, have you ever stepped outside your comfort zone? Even just a little bit counts. And what did you find? A leprechaun with a bag of money?

That comfort zone shit is just a story. It might motivate some people, but you don’t have to believe it if you don’t want to. It’s just like when people claim you have to wake up early if you want to be successful. Says who?

I believe this: If you step outside your comfort zone, there’s only more work waiting for you. It’s not fancy at all. There’s no magic involved. Just blood, sweat, and tears.

Work Your Way Up From A Place Of Comfort

I think that most people who read these type of articles want to achieve something. Maybe you want to quit your job, start a business, grow your business, become an artist, publish a book, whatever.

And you probably also know that it’s not easy. So why do you make things even harder for yourself by doing shit that makes you very uncomfortable?

Instead, start from the very bottom. Build a strong foundation. Get comfortable before you do scary stuff.

“How does that foundation look like?”

If you want to live stress-free, you need enough money in your savings account so you can live and eat for six months in case things go south—see it as a fail-safe system. Again, that’s my practical mind speaking for me.

Make some calculations and figure your what that number is for you. And don’t even think about taking a risk before you have that money on your savings account.

Also, build a skill set that’s worth something. One of the reasons I don’t care about money is because I trust my ability to find work. Even when I go broke tomorrow, I’ll find a way to get work the next day. I’ve invested years and hundreds of thousands of dollars in my education.

The question is: What’s your skill? How can you add value to the world? What problems can you solve?

Other things that complete your foundation:

  1. Family. If you don’t have a family, create one.
  2. Friends. You can’t be friends with everyone. Stick to a few people who also stick to you.
  3. Yourself. Consciously improve your body and mind. Go to bed a little stronger and wiser every night.

Lastly, don’t try to be something you’re not. If you’re an introvert, don’t pretend that you can work in a boiler room. If you’re an extrovert, don’t pretend you can work in solitude.

Stay close to yourself—there’s no point in pushing yourself so badly that your life becomes miserable.

In the end, we all need comfort: It’s one of our basic needs as human beings. But we also need growth. So whatever you do, don’t stay in your comfort zone for too long.

Try to keep moving forward every day: Even if it’s just a tiny step. No magic. Just effort.

ISRO

• Dr Vikram Sarabhai – Indian National Committee
for Space Research (INCOSPAR)

• INCOSPAR renamed as ISRO (Indian Space Research organization).

• Department of Space.

• Vision of ISRO – Harness space technology for
national development, pursuing space science
research and planetary exploration.

Achievements

• Aryabhata – India’s first satellite .

• Rohini – first satellite to be placed into orbit – Indian-made launch vehicle SLV-3.

• Chandrayaan -1 – unmanned lunar orbiter, success.
• Mars orbiter Mission (MOM)
 India first nation to succeed on maiden attempt to Mars.
 ISRO – Fourth space agency in the world
 First space agency in Asia.

• Astro-Sat


 launched on September 28, 2015, by PSLV-C30
 Space observatory
 First dedicated Indian astronomy mission to studying celestial
sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.

• ISRO launched 104 satellites – single rocket
(PSLV-C37).

• ‘Chandrayaan-2’ – Partial success, Orbiter successfully launched .

• Chandraayan 3 – in pipe line.

• IRNSS/ NAVIC
 To meet the user requirements of the
positioning, navigation and timing services based on the indigenous system
 Navigation details in the Indian Ocean
regions.

• Upcoming mission – Gaganyaan : Indias
manned space mission

Types of Security Attacks

Active Attacks

It is an attempts to alter system resources or affect their operation. It includes Modification of data, or creation of false data.

Four categories
 Masquerade
 Replay
 Modification of messages
 Denial of service

  1. Masquerade : It takes place when one entity pretends to be a different entity. For example, authentication sequences can be captured and replayed after a valid authentication sequence has taken place, thus enabling an authorized entity with few privileges to obtain extra privileges by impersonating an entity that has those privileges.
  2. Replay : Replay involves the passive capture of a data unit and its subsequent retransmission to produce an unauthorized effect.
  3. Modification of Messages : Modification of messages simply means that some portion of a legitimate message is altered, or that messages are delayed or reordered, to produce an unauthorized effect.
  4. Denial of Service : The denial of service prevents or inhibits the normal use or management of communications facilities. This attack may have a specific target; for example, an entity may suppress all messages directed to a particular destination (e.g., the security audit service). Another form of service denial is the disruption of an entire network, either by disabling the network or by overloading it with messages so as to degrade performance.

Passive Attacks

It attempts to learn or make use of information from the system but does not affect system resources. Passive attacks are in the nature of eavesdropping on, or monitoring of, transmissions. The goal of the opponent is to obtain information that is being transmitted.

Two types of passive attacks:

  • Release of Message Contents
  • Traffic Analysis
  1. Release of Message Contents : A telephone conversation, an electronic mail message, and a transferred file may contain sensitive or confidential information. We would like to prevent an opponent from learning the contents of these transmissions.
  2. Traffic Analysis : The opponent could determine the location and identity of communicating hosts and could observe the frequency and length of messages being exchanged. This information might be useful in guessing the nature of the communication that was taking place.

Computers in detail

Definition

A computer is a machine that performs tasks and calculations according to a series of instructions or program operations (circuits, etc.) and software (OS, the underlying software that controls the hardware when the user issues instructions).

Programming

You don’t need a car, its function is the same as a jukebox that keeps playing tracks. For example, they want to tell the music box to play different music every time. They want to program the music box so that it can play different music. This part of the history of computers is called “the history of programmable machines.” “This is a concise sentence in the history of machines. When I speak their language, I can order to do different things.”

The role of computers in daily life

Today’s computers are fast, small and small. Powerful. Computers can save money, time and labor; otherwise it would take months or years to complete in a few seconds with computers. Launch satellites using a simple application on our desktop. According to the requirements, the storage capacity and speed of the computer will be different. For example, NASA and other companies that use high-speed supercomputers, because speed is an important part of your business. Computers are cheaper than smart phones. The essence is in hand. At home, computers provide opportunities to access social networks, read books, or work from home.In the office, they are the most important because they are the most important form of work. Although computers can help with almost everything from shopping to work to taking notes or playing games, people rely heavily on computers for almost everything. Computers make life easier and faster than ever. Large storage rooms are of great help to today’s business. The data received from different systems is stored on the computer for later use. In addition, previous shopping, reading, work, arithmetic, calling appointments and events or activating alarms all occurred in different places. Now everything can be done with our smart phone. If the book is bulky, it would be great to bring ten books. Now; millions of books are within reach. There is no need to check calendars anymore, because they have been replaced by reminders that automatically remind us of important events and clocks that only need to be activated once. These are some basic tasks that are performed daily, and it is difficult to work without a computer. Computers are no longer a luxury, they can be used in different forms on different platforms, for example as smart phones. Computers are also very helpful in medicine and have undergone extensive development in the past decade. Addictive.All in all, we can say that computers have profoundly affected our lives, and changes are no longer associated with ease, habit, and popularity.

The above is a small example of computers, but as far as modern technology is concerned, computers have changed our way of life. Computers are not only used for arithmetic but are now active in teaching, industrial purposes, automated processes, data management, analysis, personal and group entertainment, Music synthesis, professional photo and video editing, hardcore games, research goals, creating new software and applications to make life easier, shopping, banking, marketing, and even participating in the artificial creation of intelligent creatures with deep learning concepts and machine learning.

BODY POSITIVITY

Body positivity refers to accepting your body irrespective of weight and size of individual with embracing all flaws and imperfections, In simpler words loving and accepting the way you look. Body positivity is like a movement of empowering every individual, it also challenges the way people look and body shame other on basis of their physical appearance. You must have heard people saying that Omg she looks so fat or shew is pretty but fatty, they always made this comment and feel that they have empowered themselves and setting a good example for society but what they don’t know is that one single comment can destroy someone’s self esteem, can damage their mental health as well. so if a person is trying to accept themselves with all the flaws and imperfection, society has problem with that because they have never seen anyone to be bug and still loving their body, what they know is being slim is the only body type that should exist, that is what a ideal individual should look like.

Due to these things body positivity breaks all the stereotype and set some new rules for society that is

1- Having big body is as normal as being slim.

2- Loving yourself is normal and loving your imperfections is normal as well.

3- Not judging someone based on their physical; appearance is great.

Because body comes in all shapes and size and you look beautiful as you are, you don’t have to change yourself just because someone else wants you to, if they are not able to accept yourself fully that’s their problem not yours.

On a kind note: You are beautiful just accept it and embrace your flaws.

Content marketing

When it comes to knowing about a particular word it is better to break it and understand the half-half syntax to get the whole picture. So content marketing which seems a complex term to get, turns out to be a simple one. Content is any written form of piece and marketing is selling of a particular commodity therefore when we talk about content marketing we refer to writing valuable and relevant content for a good which depicts its value and give entire information about it.

It is not as straightforward as it seems as writing content that attracts the reader is very important. Simple tips to write a good content for a product and for making content marketing successful:

Answer your audience questions and write according to giving every answer possible. providing them something of value keeping them wanting more.

Do audience segmentation to divide different goals people considering their interests and write accordingly.

Content writing goals are of four categories- entertain, inspire, educate, convence

Think for which media are you writing for, types of media- owned, earned, and paid. Write the necessary information required for the three.

Optimize list content- The featured snippets for listicles show a bulleted or numbered list on the results page. They are great for “best” and “how-to” searches. With a list, searchers get a quick and easy-to-understand answer.

Read value-added materials like books, magazines, newspapers to enhance your vocabulary and to come across new styles of writing.

There are many more things you can do just reseach, get aware, take your thoughts and pen and get started.

It seems difficult and vast until the beginning so doesn’t worry if you like writing and can think of innovative lines this field is for you, you can do wonders!

The wise always choose the pen, not the war!

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“Pen isn’t mightier than the sword.

Pens don’t win battles, and swords don’t Write Poetry.

Mighty is the Hand that knows when to pick the pen and

When to pick the sword!”

Thousands of stories, incidents, events are flourished beautifully with some splashes of ink. Indeed, a pen holds up a power which humans will never have. Everyone wants to be powerful in some way or the other. It can be physically, financially, politically, etc but we all need power because we are convicted to the clichéd topic of  “When a man is in power, he is the strongest of all”.  It’s our fault that we have created a world where a lion is considered to be the king of the jungle. We have made the world believe that power plays a major role. But have we ever thought that power can lie in the hands of humans?

 Power is in our hands!

 The strongest are those vintage philosophers and poets, who have a pen with them. Yes, a pen is all we need to be powerful. But how can a tiny pen be so powerful in this whole universe? Ever pondered about those passionate writers of the 18th century, of Victorian-era who still captivate us by telling the class condition and women suppression in that time.

Ever thought about how those writers like Sadat Hasan Manto, Khushwant shah, Ismat Chugtai taught us the value of freedom and sufferings. What made Shakespeare mend to write about the most legend love story of Romeo and Juliet, when he knew it was a time of class distinction. All these eminent writings, poetry which we read now is the power of a pen which amazed the readers of all time.

Pen is a medium

Ink has always been the best media to convey the real scenario of society. The writers have effortlessly portrayed to us how a pen is always mightier than a sword. A pen will always show us the mirage of the real society, where we live. We as a reader forecast many experiences when we read the truth. The authority is with all of us but only some chose a way to remove the disputes and that is through writing. A spot of ink has the power to removes the gap of social norms and customs from our society.

It unites!

Wars, disputes, riots always bridge a gap among humans, but a pen always unites people and their thoughts and believes. Society is filled with humans who are more affected by the glimpse of writing. As people believe in the power of words. Those who know to play with words always win. We have created a society where we have made certain beliefs’ which are not accepted by all and we have been following an age-old system where power is everything. So, it’s time to break those barriers of conventions and realize the reality of words.

Pen and readers are bonded of each other!

The power of the pen is so powerful that it can convey to the audience easily. The pen and the readers are 2 parts of a coin. The audience gets related because of the commendable expression which makes a reader and a pen get bound to each other. Immensely a pen and a reader are bounded emotional with those flickering words which string to their minds.

CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES IN INDIA

What is a Constitutional Body?

1. Those bodies whose formation is prescribed by the Indian Constitution itself are known as Constitutional Bodies.

2.They derive their powers and authority from the Indian Constitution.

3. A constitutional amendment is often required to change any powers or functions related to such bodies.

List of Constitutional Bodies in India

  1. ATTORNEY GENERAL OF INDIA

● Article 76 of the Constitution provides for the Attorney General of India.

● He is considered the highest law officer in the country.

● He is appointed by the president and holds office during his pleasure.

● A person who is qualified to be appointed as the judge of the Supreme Court is eligible for the office of Attorney General of India.

Duties of AG:

• To advise the government on the legal matters referred to him by the president.

• To appear on behalf of the GOI in SC in all the cases concerning the government.

• To represent GOI in the references made by the president to the SC under Article 143.

• To appear in HC in the cases concerning GOI when required.

Rights of AG:

• AG has the right to audience in all the courts in the territory of India.

• He has the right to speak and take part in the parliamentary proceedings. However, he doesn’t enjoy the right to vote.

• All the privileges and immunities available to a member of parliament are granted to the AG

2. COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL OF INDIA

● Article 148 of the Constitution provides for an independent office of Comptroller and Auditor General of india.

• CAG is considered as the guardian of the public purse. Along with the Supreme Court, the Election Commission, and the Union Public Service Commission, the office of CAG is treated as one of the bulwarks of the democratic system.

Appointment:

• President of India appoints CAG by a warrant under his hand and seal.

• He holds office for a period of six years or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.

• CAG can be removed from his office in the same manner as a judge of the Supreme Court.

Independence:

● CAG is provided with the security of tenure.

• His rights cannot be altered to his disadvantage after his appointment.

• All the expenses of the office of CAG are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.

• His salary is equal to that of a judge of the Supreme Court.

Duties:

● The duties and powers of CAG are mentioned in article 149 of the Constitution.

• All the accounts related to the expenses from the Consolidated Fund of India, Consolidated Fund of the States, and Union Territories are audited by CAG.

● Also, the expenditure from Contingency Fund and Public Account of India and States are audited by CAG.

• CAG acts as a guide, friend, and philosopher of the Public Accounts Committee.

● All the receipts and expenditure of bodies financed from the central or state revenue are also audited by CAG.

• The audits of any other body as and when requested by the President or Governor are audited by CAG.

• Three reports are submitted by CAG to the President. They are:

(1) Audit report on appropriation accounts

(2) Audit report on finance accounts

(3) Audit report on public undertakings

Role of CAG:

• The office of CAG secures the accountability of the executive to the Parliament in the sphere of financial administration.

• The CAG acts as an agent of the Parliament and is responsible only to the Parliament.

● Along with legal and regulatory audits, CAG also conducts propriety audits.

3.ADVOCATE GENERAL OF THE STATE

● Article 165 of the Constitution provides for Advocate General for the states.

● He is considered the highest law officer in the state.

● The Advocate General is appointed by the governor and holds the office during his pleasure.

• A person qualified to be appointed as a judge of a high court is eligible for the office of Advocate General.

Duties and Rights of Advocate General:

• To advise the government of the state on the matters referred to him by the governor.

• To discharge those functions conferred upon him by the Constitution of India.

• He has the right to speak and take part in the proceedings of both the houses of the state legislature. However, he doesn’t enjoy the right to vote.

4. STATE FINANCE COMMISSION

● The governor of a state shall, after every five years, constitute a finance commission.

• Articles 243-1 and 243-Y deal with the formation of this body.

• The composition, qualifications of members, and the manner of their selection is decided by the concerned state legislature.

Functions:

● The distribution of the net proceeds of taxes, tolls, and fees between the state and local bodies.

• The determination of such taxes, duties, and tolls to be assigned to local bodies.

The grants-in-aid to be given to the local bodies from the consolidated fund of the state.

• Measures to be taken for improving the financial position of local bodies.

●Any other matter referred to the commission by the governor of the state.

5.STATE ELECTION COMMISSION

• The elections to the panchayats and municipalities are looked after by the State Election Commission.

● Articles 243-K and 243-ZA deal with the elections to the rural and urban local bodies.

● SEC consists of a state election commissioner who is appointed by the governor.

• The removal of the state election commissioner is the same as that of a judge of the state high court.

6.DISTRICT PLANNING COMMITTEE

• A district planning committee is constituted and given the task to consolidate the plans of both panchayats and municipalities.

• It prepares a draft development plan for the district.

• Article 243-ZD deals with the committee for district planning.

• The composition, manner of election of chairperson and members is decided by the state legislature.

● Four-fifths of the committee are elected by the elected members of panchayats and municipalities.

• The representation of these members is proportional to the ratio of the rural and urban population in the district.

• In preparing the plan, DPC should consider the following:

  1. Matters of common interest between the rural and urban local bodies regarding sharing of resources, infrastructure development, and conservation of environment.
  2. Extent and type of resources available.

7. METROPOLITAN PLANNING COMMITTEE

• A metropolitan planning committee is constituted for every metropolitan area.

• Article 243 -ZE deals with the committee for metropolitan planning.

• The composition, manner of election of chairpersons and members, functions, etc are decided by the concerned state legislature.

There are many other bodies also ….

Basic rules of netiquette

Successful relationships, whether in our personal or professional lives, depend on effective communication.

In today’s world most of the meetings occur online, communication isn’t just a nice skill to have – it’s essential. Good communication can be the difference the way you answer an email or what you say on social media directly affects people’s perceptions of you.

Now that such a considerable amount of our daily lives is facilitated by the internet, digital communication skills are essential to ensure messages are delivered and received correctly. We are lucky to have incredible 4G connectivity to help us communicate digitally.

Teleconferencing programs, group chat apps, and other digital tools are part of everyday life now as we attempt to strike a balance between isolation and connection. 

As we all know, there aren’t many chances to improve the first impression. Some of you may have heard the term “netiquette” being used in online circles. Netiquette defined simply refers to the code of courtesy and respect followed when communicating with others on the Internet. 

Start speaking at a normal volume when talking over the phone or video chat. Be as polite as you would be in offline encounters.

Do not send emails and text messages in ALL CAPS. Writing in all caps can oftentimes be interpreted as YELLING! and will be viewed as impolite. Make sure your emails are easy to read.

Avoid sending spam to others, keep your messages meaningful. Don’t send forwarded content created by others. 

Be yourself. Don’t say anything to anyone you wouldn’t say in person. Don’t be funny, sarcastic, passive or aggressive. A joke can oftentimes be perceived as a rude remark. A light-hearted joke can be viewed differently in text. While in-person, we communicate with the help of facial expressions and gestures. Conveying the same message online can prove more challenging.

Tone is important when you can’t speak in person. Chances of miscommunication are high when you’re relying on communication through the phone or computer. Sometimes things just go wrong. 

Stay on topic. When there is a discussion happening, it’s crucial that everyone stays on topic. Make sure that you understand what the discussion is about and only reply with things relevant to it. 

Use respectful language. It’s not just what you say, but how you say it.

Don’t let your point get lost in translation by typing too many unnecessary words. 

Online communication can easily be improved through proofreading. Check for: Grammar and punctuation errors, Poor sentence structure, Incorrect use of tenses. Use real words and complete sentences, and skip the emojis.

Verify facts before sharing information. You should be careful when providing information. It’s important to fact-check everything you read and possibly include sources when giving advice or information.

Being open to guidance and feedback, which means researching different options and tools of communication. 

Your day with some Motivation

Change your life today. Don’t gamble on the future, act now, without delay.

Simone de Beauvoir

What’s stopping you, is it your fear ?

From whom you are running , is it a failure ?

When to start , am I getting late ?

What if I hesitate , will they understand ?

How am I going to talk to them ?

In different phases of our life we faced different challenges that may be hard to accept and makes you feel ashamed of yourself.

Most of the time we think our fear might harm us but what we don’t understand is that , if we don’t face them it would never leave .

We hesitate , we fear , we run , we ignore , we lack and in the end we loose hope .

And what we are going to is to reconstruct that hope and trust ourselves . We might need some tools for that and one of them is MOTIVATION .

What is MOTIVATION ? How it works? Will it help ? And so on … There are many questions and the time is limited. So let’s begin .

Introduction

Being successful is not enough in today’s world . To keep the success we need a companion and that is Motivation.

Motivation has a powerful aura it can be your solution if only you used directly on your aim . I might play some tricks with you but the result will always be on your side .

Well it is going to be very hummy dumpy article but who cares (that’s not me ) . What’s important is what you learn from it .

The author Steven Pressfield wrote a great line in his book , The War of Art, which I think gets at the core of motivation.

“At some point, the pain of not doing it becomes greater than the pain of doing it.”

Well said pressfield , in other words (or my words) It is easier to take action , rather than sitting and self,- petrified ourselves.

Like it is easier for MOJO to prepare for his exam rather than think about the result OR It is easier for OJO to workout in the gym rather than sitting in the chair eating junk food . (Well I prefer junk food over gym , just ignore I said that .)

This I think is the core of motivation . To gain something we need to pay the price first . It may be time , energy , sacrifice , risk or it can be anything .

Take action

A lot of people get confused that how to find motivation and when to take action . They are wasting too much time for making plans and than for process . To make it easy find motivation and get started. The more you delay the more it get difficult.

If you waste resources trying to decide when or where to work, you’ll impede your capacity to do the work.

Their are some rituals needs to perform if you want to get motivated :

1. Exercise daily .

2. Become more creative.

3. Start your day stress free .

4. Sleep better .

5. Last but not the least do whatever makes you happy . ( But don’t do nasty things ) .

You’ve gotta dance like there’s nobody watching, love like you’ll never be hurt, sing like there’s nobody listening, and live like it’s heaven on earth.”

― William W. Purkey

Link

Career counselling

Career counselling provide correct and consolidate information to our young brigade by giving them whole basket of available option after school is par excellence.The exposure to technology ,Media and Social Networking on a larger scale has made our youth aware to a great extent ,but they are little aware of the authenticity of information which are exposed to on a regular basis .ITS VERY IMPORTANT for our young and dynamic students to have proper and worthy information which is only possible through proper and useful career counselling.

STREET MARKETS- A GATEWAY TO LEARN BUSINESS

Learning lessons of management from business books is not the only option to gain knowledge about business but we can gain similar knowledge by exploring our Indian street markets where we encounter a wide variety of businesses and street vendors. We can learn something new point from every interaction on streets.

WHY INDIAN UNORGANIZED SECTOR GOT THAT MUCH POPULARITY IN MAKING ECONOMY?

The street markets (or) small businesses comes under unorganized or non-corporated sector. This sector has loin share in national income, manufacturing activities, employment, forex earnings etc.. Only unorganized sector itself comprises 92 percent of Indian workforce.

Street vendors every day thrive through many difficulties. The environment where they operate is dynamic and constantly changing. They used to adopt different strategies to sell their limited sources to the customers. Most of the small businesses or street vendors do not have permanent shops. Street vendors should set up shops every day and close them by evening.

For Example: When we come across a street markets, we can observe the prices of commodities cheaper when compared to the marts. This is because, they do not have to pay rent or electricity bills or fees to the government and there will be a large number of shops which sell the same goods. If some trader charge high on a particular commodity then people would move to the other shop where they can get same commodity under low price or where the buyer can bargain and bring the price down.

The above stated example shows us the scenario of the street markets and make us to understand the hectic competetive situation of the vendors.

THE TECHNIQUES THAT WE CAN LEARN FROM THE STREET VENDORS ARE:

1) Most of the street vendors “work with limited resources” . They doesn’t any office setup to sell their products. They only look about how to sell their products using less resources.

2) Street vendors used to be customer centric: Yes, most of the street vendors truly apply the fact that ” customer is the king”. They take the initiative step to interact with the customers instead of waiting for the customers. Not only that most of the street vendors like to set up their shop where they can get the potential customers to sell their products.

3) Discipline and Consistency: Street vendors used to be focused to wards their work. They have to wake up early in the morning in order to get the stocks for that day and will return to their stay after every one has gone. They should maintain the same routine through out the year. This shows that discipline and consistency are the virtues that should be possessed by every entrepreneur in order to see profits in their business.

4) Symbiotic co-existence with customers : Street vendors possess a good collaborative skills with their competitors also. Though they sit next to each other and sell the same products also they used to help each other. This is one of the best thing that we can learn from vendors.

5) Adaptive nature: Street vendors used adapt different strategies to sell their goods as per the demand. At the same time they used to manage their business by changing the products to sell according to the season and demand.

CONCLUSTION:

Finally, when we start understanding the street markets or small businesses they teach us the other side of the coin. The one, who really want to get succeed as an entrepreneur (or) who want to learn tactics of the business then try to visit your local market places where you can learn many new principles that you can’t even get from your academics to execute your business wisely.

” THE KEY TO LEARN SOMETHING NEW IS TO OBSERVE THE THINGS AROUND YOU “

An Art of Hope

Do you get annoyed when somebody doesn’t respond to your calls? or Do you feel frustrated when you are unable to finish a task? These emotions are faced within you when you lack patience.
Patience is when an individual can bring these emotions under control and it is also a skill or an ability to tolerate delay and act accordingly.


Impatience leads to anger issues, it also acts as an obstacle between you and your goals, it increases the chances of making wrong decisions and it may also lead to a negative attitude and constant complaining.

Whereas patience will help you to stay calm, it will increase the chances of making proper decisions and may create a positive attitude within you and a positive environment around you.



Patience is a skill which should be taught by parents to their children. A child should learn to wait even for the littlest craving. It will increase their ability to wait and would definitely help them to get closer to their goals and dreams in the future.

The importance of patience is also given in some holy books like Bible, Bhagavad Gita, and Quran.
It focuses on the ability to be calm with your loved ones as well as your foes.

How to foster patience?
There are various ways to develop patience.

 • Learn to wait
 • Take a long view before making any decisions
 • Stay calm even during difficult stages of life.
 • Smile even during facing challenges
 • Relax between tasks
 • Also be a patient listener


A child’s patience is tested when he doesn’t get his favourite toy , a man’s patience is tested when he doesn’t get his job promotion.Patience is tested of every person at every stage of life and one should know how to tackle it perseverance can bring patience to life.
Patience comes to us when we practice it in our daily lives. It is a virtue to be exercised with repeated efforts to create long-term goals and be successful. So, have patience!