Having a best friend by your side is one of the best gifts you can ever get from God.
True friendship is a way of being mutually lovable to each other! In fact every flourishing relationship has a whiff friendship into it. It’s that transparent and lucid bond between two people.
Friendship is all about trust, emotional attachment, caring each other or compassion, responsible relationship, mutual support in both sadness and happiness and its sharing of all things between two peoples who emotionally attached with each other.
We do not have boundation to select our friends on any ground including caste, age, sex, creed or any such differentiation that exit within the society.
Friendship Day is a day in several countries for celebrating friendship. In India, National friendship day is celebrated every year on first Sunday of August. This year the Indian Friendship Day will be celebrated on 1 August, 2021.
It was first proposed in 1958 in Paraguay as the “International Friendship Day“. Friendship Day was originated by Joyce Hall, the founder of Hallmark cards in 1930, intended to be 2 August and a day when people celebrated their friendships by holiday celebrations.
Introduction: A natural disaster us an event which results from the natural processes of the earth. Some of the examples or some of what I’m gonna be elaborating in this article would be Earthquakes, Landslides, Volcanoes, Famines and Droughts and Floods. The main purpose of this article is to enlighten you readers about what are natural disasters, what are the measures we can take to keep ourselves safe and the after effects of being a part of the disaster. After the traumatic experience, make sure to get therapy as you might experience PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) and getting therapy could be a great way to overcome the fear which the disaster left inside you.
1) Earthquakes: Earthquakes are also known as a tremor or a quake. It’s defined as the shaking of the Earth resulting from the sudden energy release in the lithosphere which results in creating seismic waves. Earthquakes can be very weak where there might not be much damage or it could be very violent causing a lot of damage and ruckus and cause destruction. The main thing to do during an earthquake could be to stay away from objects which could easily cause harm to you like glass, windows, doors or anything which could fall. If possible, during an earthquake, sit on your bed and take shelter with the help of your pillow but move away if there’s any object hanging on the ceiling which could fall. Make sure to stay inside and take cover by getting under a sturdy piece of furniture.
2) Landslides: When large mass of either rocks, debris or earth shows movements by going down a slope, it’s called a landslide. It can be defined as “mass wasting” as there is great movement downslope which is directly caused by gravity. When it comes to landslides, there could be 5 modes or stages of slope movement, i.e., falling, toppling, sliding, spreading and flowing. There might be multiple caused as to what caused a landslide. It could be due to gravity, rainfall, snowfall, Earthquakes, volcanic activity or disturbance by Human activities etc. The first thing you have to do during a landslide is stay away from the slide area, make sure to keep in touch with the radio or television to know what’s happening and to be informed about emergency information.
3) Volcanoes: When there is a rupture in the crust of any planetary mass object like Earth, it allows stuff like volcanic ash, hot lava and gases to escape which is stored in the magma chamber below the surface. Most of the volcanoes are found underwater or where tectonic plates are either converging or diverging. One of effects of volcanoes on nature could be that they can cause thunder, lightning and rain. If fast moving lava comes in contact with people, it could kill them and the falling ash could make it difficult for them to breathe. It could also cause Famines, fires she earthquakes. The most important thing is to protect yourself during a volcanic eruption. Keep in mind to not drive if there is heavy ash fall and protect yourself from it. Always follow evacuation orders and look for emergency alerts.
4) Famines and Droughts: Famines are usually the cause that lead to death of people due to extreme shortage of food. Droughts are long periods of insufficient rainfall. Droughts have had worse effects on humankind as they make people suffer. People may suffer due to various reasons, like it could be the reason most farmers don’t get to grow their crops as a result of no rainfall of they might even suffer from thirst which cannot be quenched. Famines can be caused due to inflation, crop failure or even war. The side effects could are malnutrition, starvation and increased mortality.
5) Floods: Floods are usually described as an overflow of water that submerges dry land. There is major concern in the areas of agriculture, public health when it comes to floods. When there is human changes like deforestation or removal of wetlands, it causes floods. It may occur from water bodies like river, lakes or oceans. To protect yourself against floods, make sure to secure your home and turn off the main utilities like main switches and disconnect electrical appliances.
Conclusion: After all these traumatic experiences, make sure to get therapy as you might experience PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder) and getting therapy could be a great way to overcome the fear which the disaster left inside you.
In your school or college, we all have once come across the phrase ‘Acid Rain’. Many of us have forgotten about it and many of us do remember the topic in detail. So, in this article, I am going to put some light on the following topics:-
I) What is Acid rain?
II) How much acidic is Acid rain?
IIl) Effects of Acid rain.
V) What can be done?
What is Acid rain?
When gases like nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (produced by the burning of fuels from factories, power stations, or vehicles) react with tiny droplets of water in clouds to form sulphuric and nitric acids. Which is the form of rain that falls from the clouds, which is why that rain is known as ‘Acid Rain’.
How much acidic is Acid Rain?
We all have learned in school about the pH scale, the scale which is used to determine acidity. This scale goes from 0 to 14, where 0 is the most acidic and 14 is the most alkaline and 7 is neutral. Acid rain is very weak in terms of acidity.
Rain is always acidic because of the presence of naturally occurring oxides in the air, for unpolluted rain the pH value is between 5-6. But when the air gets more polluted with the presence of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in it, the acidity can increase to a pH value of 4. The most acidic rain recorded till now has a pH value of 2. But, even the most acidic rain ever is as acidic as lemon juice or vinegar.
Now that we know it can’t harm us then why do we worry about it?
What are the effects of Acid rain?
Though Acid rain can cause skin irritation to some people, there are many effects of Acid rain on the forest, aquatic animals, and water resources.
Effects on Forest:-
I) It can dissolve and wash away the nutrients and minerals in the soil which helps the trees to grow.
II) Acid rain causes the release of harmful substances such as aluminum into the soil.
III) Acid rain wash away the waxy protective coating of leaves, damaging them and preventing them from being able to photosynthesis properly.
Effects on Buildings:-
I) Acid rain can make the erosion process of materials faster.
II) Statues and monuments made up of limestone are worst affected by Acid rain.
Effects on Lakes and Rivers:-
I) It can be very harmful to aquatic species.
II) It can also cause toxic substances like aluminum to be released into the water from the soil, resulting in water pollution.
III) It can destroy the ecosystems of lakes and rivers.
What can be done?
Mentioned below are some ways to reduce Acid rain:-
→ By installing catalytic converters on our vehicles.
→ Sulfur can also be ‘washed’ out of smoke by spraying a mixture of water and powdered limestone into the smokestack.
→ By using renewable energy sources rather than fossil fuels.
Right to repair is the movement started by the activist and oragination all around the world. Joe -Biden ,US president ,signed an executive order on Federal Trade Commission to institute rules to curb anticompetitive restrictions that limit consumers’ ability to repair gadgets on their own terms. The Uk too had introduced this .
The agenda of the movement is to get compinies to make spare parts of the gadget and the consumers can repair them rather than replacing the product.
Large tech compinies like Apple, Microsoft,Amazon and Tesla are opposing the movement stating that its opening up their intellectual property to third party to repair them.
It is a well known fact that China rules the world in the sector of marketing. But emerging markets are not that behind. They are catching up and making a place for themselves in the world market.
Business in Emerging Markets
According to a survey done recently by the IMF (International Monetary Fund), it is observed that the emerging markets will be growing at a continuous pace in the next 2-3 years. So, doing business in the emerging markets is going to be successful.
In the last decade, the emerging markets have shown a rapid increase in their sales as compared to the multinationals. And in addition, it proves to be more safer in times of economic deficiency.
Emerging markets are the best platform for many companies to start their business and grow their revenue. Here are some steps to success in emerging markets :
Be up-to-date with the newest technologies.
Move on from the thoughts of uncertainties and insecurities.
If you face any type of problem at any time in your business, then go for collaboration.
Let go of the old strategies and build new ones to excel more in the market.
Try to get familiar and used to the scarcity of work and sales.
Follow these few steps and keep your mind focused in growing and growing more. Business in emerging markets like India is not hard but is a game of well planned strategies and being focused in the work.
Discrimination is the state when all individuals are not treated equally and not given equal rights. Every individual in the community yearns for equal status, opportunities, and equal rights. People generally say these days that everyone is treated equally but they are not. Discrimination usually exists because of cultural differences, geographical differences, and gender. Inequality on the basis of gender is something that is not appreciated, but it is seen many times in many companies. There are many areas where equal opportunities are not provided to women.
We are in the 21st century, and even now, women are not treated equally as men. It is generally believed that women are more talented than men, and it has been proved many times, but society is not yet ready to accept this fact. Gender equality is the term used when equal opportunities in the fields of politics, economics, education, and health are provided to both men and women.
As per the World Economic Forum’s gender gap ranking, India holds the rank 108 out of 149 countries. The rank should be a major concern in the country as it signifies the immense gap between the opportunities given to women when compared to men. The structure in India is such that women are neglected in many fields like education, health, finance, etc. They are just limited to household chores which should not be the scene here. There are many places in India where women are considered as a burden and they are not allowed to go to school and study as well. Also, a preference for sons prevails in many areas in India.
The seven important forms of gender inequality :
1 . Women works Longer than Men :
In most of the societies the male – stream is the main stream who argues that women have comparative advantage in household non- market production, like cooking and cleaning for the family that cant be called emotional and personal caring work. Based on this thinking, household jobs are then asymmetrically distributed. Women are more valued in home. Men are specialised in market- baesd production. Thus, being the bread- earners, males enjoy both power and status.
2. Inequality in Employment and Earnings :
Historically, men have greater participation in work outside home than women. But women ( particularly of poor households) share unequally household duties in addition to economic production. Thus they work longer than males. This kind of ‘ division of labour’ may be seen as the ‘ accumulation of labour’ on women, as described by Amartya sen. Household activites are often viewed as ‘ sedentary activites’ which require less ‘ calore’ to gain energy.
3. Ownership Inequality :
A case of social inequality. Let us turn to another kind of inequality, called ownership inequality a classic case of social inequality. In most of the societies, ownership over property and means of production rests mainly on male members . The law of inheritance provides such ownership rights on male child. Such denial coming out of hierarchical dualism within the family not only reduces the voice of women but also prevents them from participating in commerial, economic and social activites.
This kind of social deprivation means absence or lack of capability or because of ‘capability deprivation’, women are subject to various kinds of exploitation and unfreedoms. Social inequality distorts the process of development. Unfortunately, ownership inequality in any country is not of recent origin. In her earlier life, a woman comes under the influence of her father, then husband as she enters a married life and finally, under sons ownership right over property is skilfully avoided. A telugu proverbs corraborates this understanding: ” Bringing up a daughter is like watering a plant in anothers courtyard.”
4. Survival Inequality :
Another crudest from of gender disparity is the unusally high mortality rates of women , though biologically, women live longer than men! Thus more boys than girls are born evrywhere leading to a ‘ deficit’ of women and a ‘ surplus’ of men. In developed countries beacuse of absence of gender bias in health care and nutrition, women outnumber men. In Europe and in north America, 105 or more girls are born per 100 boys. Such high female- male genderd survival rate in different age groups.
5. Gender Bias in the Distribution of Education and Health :
Health and education are the major forms of human capital are realted to economic development . Human capital gets accumulated as a society advances in education . The contribution of human capital towards Japan’s remarkable economic progress attracts our attention . Improvement in health capital also improves the return to investments in education .
However, one finds a huge education and health gaps between developed and developing countries. In recent times, despite a large increase in econoc advancement on times, despite a large increase in economic advancement in asia and africa, these countries lag far behind the developed countries in terms of educational attainment particularly in respect of women’s education. Gender disparity not only hindrrs economic progress but also exacerbates social inequality.
6. Gender Inequality in Freedom Expression :
Let us talk about gender inequality beyond economic issues or factors. Women are not only subject to income or asset inequality but also in terms of freedom and power deprivation of women goes beyond one’s imagination. They lack not only economic freedom at home because of absence of autonomy in house hold decisions, limited or poor wages earned but also lack any freedom in airing opinions over education of children.
In some backward poor societies the right of women giving options is completely denied. Such un – freedoms, however, are not uncommon even among the educated elites who enjoy enormous power and authority in the male domined society. Historically , this sort of law socioeconomic status of women has been continuing nowasdays.
7. Gender Inequality in Respect of viloence and victimisation :
Finally, anti – female bias starts before the girl child is born and this attitide of the society a female member carries throughout her life. It is because of the unequal sharing of income, property, household benefits . Women are subject to both physical and sexual violence – the oppsite of freedom, and an extreme form of coercion. This is common for both poor and not too much uncommon in rich countries as well as among rich people. One in three women in the word is beaten or raped during her life times.
Dowry harassement is considered as an ‘ instrumental use’ of violence. Dowry death is the most serious form of domestic violenece. Wife beating is not uncommon. Sexual violence is an obnoxious form of human rights violation.
Specifically, public health can contribute to reducing health inequities by integrating health equity considerations into policy and programs, collebrating with other sectors to address inequities engaging with communities to support their efforts to adress inequities, identifying the reduction of health inequities.
Reducing inequality requires transformative change. Greater efforts are needed to eradicate ectreme poverty and hunger and invest more in health, education, social protection and decent jobs especially for young people, migrants and other vulnerable communities.
We should understand that women are the part and parcel of any family. When it comes to flexibility, they can manage their home and offices at the same time. If equal opportunities are not given to them, they will be led down and won’t be able to achieve big milestones which they are obviously capable of.
Facebook is one of the major platforms for all businesses trying to reach a wide range of audiences. Facebook advertisement is more user-friendly and brings more traffic to your business.
More than 90% of social media marketers use Facebook as their means of marketing and expanding their horizons. To fully conquer advertising on Facebook, it is important to have perseverance and a deep understanding of how it works. From a start-up to massively grown companies everyone need a platform to promote their products.
Types of FB ad formats:
Image ads: It is always recommended to use images for promoting your business.
Video ads: Moving images always catch the user’s attention.
Carousel ads: Showcasing up to 10 images/videos with links in a single ad. It supports various businesses.
Messenger ads: This makes it easier to drive into conversation over a large scale.
Collection ads: This format features multiple products and gives an instant experience once the user interacts with your product.
Instant experience: It gives a full-screen ad experience to the user when tapped on the ad.
Slideshow ads: It supports motion, text, and sound unlike video ads it is quicker and load time is low which helps to show a beautiful story about your growth.
Playable ads: It gives a try-before-you-buy experience to the user.
How does it work exactly?
Facebook targets users based on their location, ethnicity, and interests. Location can track the user’s country, state, zip code and show the ads which are more relevant to their needs. Gender and interests increase the probability of targeting the right people. Categories related to technology, science & inventions can target the young changemakers and women of age group 18 and above get attracted towards the skin & hair care products and so on.
You can use free ad management tools on Facebook like- Facebook Ads Manager and Power Editor for creating, running, and managing your ads. Once you create your advertisement you can track the traffic by using Facebook Pixel.
What should you keep in mind?
The most important part of advertising on Facebook is the image of your ad, you won’t get clicks unless you have catchy pictures and taglines.
Provide free valuable content to the audience.
Creative, articulate, and limited lines of description can always help.
Attention– Content of your product must grab the attention of the customers.
Desire– It should create a desire in the customer to buy your product. Tip: By describing the benefits of using your service and provide discounts for new users.
Service– Make your services available for users over a range.
Here, I have provided an external link which answers most of the common questions on Facebook advertisements.
Advantages of Facebook ads:
It offers you the flexibility to expand your business.
Can get a chance of collaborating with multiple companies.
Budget-friendly for new users.
A quick way to fall into the eyes of the audience.
Disadvantages of Facebook ads:
Ads alone can’t guarantee sales.
Unless to pay for your ads you will not have customers.
Social norms refer to the group shared standards of behaviour .It is a pattern setting limits on individual behaviour . Norms are said to be ” blueprints ” for behaviour . They determine , guide , and control human behaviour . Norms are not systematically classified by Sociologists . But they are grouped into – ” Folkways “, “mores ” , “fashions “, “rites “, “ceremonies “, “customs ” etc. .
What are folkways ?
In general , folkways means “ the ways of folk “. The term ‘folk’ represents people and ‘ways’ represent their behavioural habits . Folkways are the customary, normal and habitual ways of the group to meet certain needs or solving day-to-day problems.
The term folkways was introduced into Sociology literature by W.G .Summer in a book with the title , ” Folkways: A Study of the Sociological Importance of Usages, Manners, Customs, Mores, and Morals ” published in 1906.
Folkways are accepted ways of behaviour. According to Summer , ” folkways represent man’s unique means of adapting himself to the environment . “
Examples of Folkways :-
The ways of eating , talking , dressing , playing , walking , working , greeting , conversing ,etc. represent folkways .
The daily activities become an individual’s habits ,but folkways are termed as habits of a group though Not all (group) habits become general. They differ from individual to individual and place to place.
Folkways are a learned process of socialisation. They become the second nature of the individual.
Habits are socially approved habits which are followed by a number of persons in a society are referred as folkways,
Habits of exchanging greetings and courtesies like bidding ‘Namaste’ with joined palms is an.examples of Indian folkways .
Walking on right side if the road , taking three meals a day , Wearing different clothes at different occasions, showing respects to elders , love and affection to younger ones , Wearing a cap, hat or turban,.shaking hands, eating with forks and knives, driving on the left or right hand side of the street, attending classes in paints and skirts rather than gowns or bathing suits etc..are some folkways followed by difficult individuals.
Definitions :-
“Folkways are behavioural patterns of e everyday life which generally arise unconsciously in s group .” -.Gillin and Gillin
According to Reuter and Hart (1933), “The folkways are simple habits of action common to the members of the group; they are the ways of the folks that are somewhat standardised and have some degree of traditional sanction for their persistence”.
Maclver and Page (1949) defined it as: “Folkways are the recognized or accepted ways of behaving in society.”
A.W. Green opines , “ Those ways of acting that are common to a society or a group and that are handed down from one generation to the next are known as folkways .“
Lundberg stated , “. Folkways are the typical or habitual beliefs , attitudes and styles of conduct observed within a group or community .”
In simple words , folkways are “repetitive petty acts of the people .” ___________________________________________
Characteristics of Folkways
• Social in Nature :- Folkways are the products of man’s group life . They are created by the groups for their sustenance and maintenance . Individuals get social recognition by comforting the folkways .
• Repetitive in Character:– A social practice becomes a folkway when the majority of people observe it constantly and regularly . The often repeated practices of the majority normally become the folkways . These practices become standardized practices by constant repetitions .
• Unplanned Origin :– The origins of Folkways are very obscure . Summer believed that they arise automatically and unconsciously . They are not the result of any advance planning . Someone in the group starts a new way and in course of time it becomes popular and a good number of people may start following it but by the time it becomes folkways the origin trace fades away.
• Informal Enforcement :– Folkways constitute one of the types of informal means of social control . Folkways are not as compulsive and obligatory as that of laws or morals . Conformity to the folkways is neither required by law nor enforced by any special agency of society. They are not absolutely obligatory though they are considered as necessary .
• Folkways Differ a Lot :- Folkways Differ from group to group and society to society . They may also undergo changes in course of time within the same group or society . For example , table meals are common in the West whereas the majority of Indians used to squat on the floor and take their meals with their hands .
Folkways vary with age and sex in almost all places . They even vary according to social status , religion , ethnic groups , racial groups etc .
• Folkways are Numerous :- It is not possible for anyone to enlist all the folkways . There are so diverse and numerous folkways . They range from most trivial acts and behaviour patterns to the most serious ones .
• Folkways are subject to Change :- Just like everything folkways are also subject to change . Folkways change according to changes in social conditions . Summer is referred to as ” fashion ” . Fashion related to dress , hairstyle , architecture designs , etc. undergo rapid changes . ___________________________________________
Social importance of Folkways
The folkways are the foundation of every culture . They give us a better understanding about a particular culture. When fully assimilated they become personal habits .
Summer believed , ” the life of society consists in making folkways and applying in them . The science of society must be construed as the study of them .“
Folkways have become a universal characteristic of human societies. No society does or could exist without them . Hence they constitute an important part of the social structure . They are most powerful and control the behaviour of individuals in society even more than the state action.
They become a part and parcel of the personality of the infant through the process of socialisation. An individual learns different folkways at different stages of socialisation . They become a form of unstated premises of our mental life .
Folkways play a major part in social control in society, as folkways are informal means of social control.
Hence , folkways are not compulsory or obligatory but constitute an important part of social structure as they become personal habits that contribute stability and order in social relations .
A strong economy is the source of national strength .
In an economy , the production & consumption of goods & services are used to fulfill the needs of those living & operating within. In short an economy is an area of the production , distribution & trade , as well as consumption of goods & services by agents & these agents are not someone other but are we only. These agents are individuals , businesses , organizations, or government.
Till here we can conclude that people makes up an economy.
Now lets jump on the topic which is saving lives or saving economy . In this situation of pandemic i.e., COVID 19 , lakhs of people have lost their lives , their livelihood , their families . For controlling this situation , which can be controlled only by not coming in contact with an affected person & by maintaining social distancing & self consciousness , government has laid many rules & one such rule is ” lockdown” . Never before we have heard of this word of this word but in past 2 years each one pf us has experienced it . It is a situation where every one is restricted to move out of their houses , factories were shut , many people last their jobs , because of which employment rate decreased , those who have lost their jobs migrated to their villages, All & all we can say that lockdown had the most drastic effect on the economy . lockdown is one among the reason for falling of the economy.
But lockdown was not applied to do so , rather it was meant to protect people , so that we could break the chain of Corona virus . Because of this rule of lockdown , people avoided gathering & because of this lockdown only we are able to defeat & break the chain of COVID 19 . Government took this step though knowing that this will have negative impact on the economy but we all know that it is ‘we’ who makes up an economy , & if we are safe the economy will improve for sure . Because for production you need people , for consumption you need people, for trade you need people , & for distribution you need people. So if people are safe economy is safe .
So this pandemic taught us the importance of lives , we all should thank the all mighty & our health workers for saving many lives & according to me saving lives is more important than saving economy but this doesn’t mean ignoring economy & economic development . Saving lives with holding economy & adopting every measure to save it , will leads to development of both , because both the factors are directly proportional to each other & fall in one will leads to fall in other. Hence saving lives will improve economy because at the end we all know people makes up an economy.
Digital marketing as the words means to use digital media to market their products.In this pandemic digital marketing grow very fast as people have only oftion to explore anything in just one click.Now digital marketing is very big from pen to car everything we buy digitally lost of shopping site provides Products at very low cost and at home .
Not only in shopping but in education digital marketing now a very big industry . everyone is now online every student doing their online class .we can easily search any topic and read . There are lot of new industries come up to provide different platforms to explore but the challenge is for the right information of the right products to reach the right customer. This is where digital marketing comes in.
Through data mining, it is easy for marketers to target the right audience with the right advertisement of products that they might need. This is what makes digital marketing successful more than anything. Finding and targeting the right audience can increase sales drastically. Some tools can be used to analyze and suggest better options for marketing as well. This helps sellers market their products.
We must use this opportunity to develop our skill and knowledge and ready for the future because everything is going to be online.BE THE PART OF CHANGE&MAKE THE CHNGE .
In today’s era, everything has gone online. Internet has made our lives better and through this we can enjoy many facilities only through phone or laptop.We can do many things like online shopping, ticket booking, recharges, bill payments, online transactions (online shopping, ticket booking, recharge, bill payment, online transactions) etc. through internet. Due to this trend of users towards Internet, businesses are adopting Digital Marketing.If we look at market stats, about 80% of shoppers do online research before buying any product or before taking service. In such a situation, digital marketing becomes important for any company or business.
What does digital marketing?
Digital marketing is the response to marketing your goods and services through digital means. Digital marketing is done through the Internet. We can connect to it through internet, computer, mobile phone, laptop, website advertisements or any other applications.The first few attempts were made in the 1980s to establish a digital market but this was not possible. Its name and usage started in the late 1990s.
Digital marketing is a simple way to reach new customers. It carries out marketing activities. It can also be called online marketing. Digital marketing is marketing to reach more people in less time. It is a technological developing area.Digital marketing allows the producer to reach his customer as well as keep an eye on their activities, their needs. Where the customer is trending, what the customer is looking for, all these can be discussed through digital marketing. Simply put, digital marketing is a means of reaching customers through digital technology.
Future of Digital Marketing
Change is the law of life, you all know this. How much has changed in the first time and in today’s life and today is the age of the Internet. People of all varnas are connected to the Internet today, due to all this it is easy to collect all the people in one place, which was not possible in the first time. Through internet, we can also establish the connection of all businessmen and customers.
The demand for digital marketing is being seen very strongly in the present times. The merchant who is making his goods is easily passing on to the customer. This is giving a boost to digital business.
Earlier, had to resort to advertisements. The customer looked at him, then liked, then he bought it. But now goods can be sent directly to the consumer. Every person is using Google, Facebook, YouTube, etc., through which the trader shows his product to the customer. This trade is within the reach of all – traders and consumers too.
Every person gets every use thing without any hard work. The businessman does not even have to think of resorting to newspapers, posters, or advertisements. In view of the convenience of all, there is demand for it. People’s trust is also moving towards the digital market. This is a matter of joy for a businessman. The saying goes, “What you see is what sells” – the digital market is a good example of this.
Tea is not a word but an emotion for Indians. Be it masala chai, black tea, green tea or even kashmiri kahwa. A hot cup of tea suit’s every season and emotion. Happy? It will add up to your mood. Anxious? It will calm you down. Sleepy? It will keep you awake. Insomnia? It will help you relax and sleep. So now you might be wondering, how does one tea provide so many services where most of them contradict one another?
To answer that, the quality and benefits of the tea depends on its Level of Oxidation. The four major types of tea i.e. WHITE TEA, GREEN TEA, OOLONG TEA and BLACK TEA, comes from the same plant called Camelliasinensis. However, they are differentiated by the level of oxidation they undergo. This adds to its level of flavour, aroma and health properties.
The two major compounds in tea are Catechins and Xantheines. Catechins is present in the form of ECGC which are naturally occurring antioxidants that reduces the oxidative cellular damage in the body and Xantheines in the form of caffeine that provides a gentle energy boost without the harmful side-effects of coffee. The presence of these compounds depends on the oxidisation of the tea leaves. Higher oxidisation leads to more of Xantheine and less of Catechins, where’s lower oxidized leaves contain higher Catechines and less Xantheine.
White Tea is most delicate of all the tea’s as it’s uncured and unfermented. Famous for it’s floral, fruity and naturally sweet flavour, it contains the highest amount of antioxidants as is least oxidized (So it has most of it’s natural Catechins). Hence, it possesses major health benefits because of the absence of caffeine. It’s known for its anti-aging and most potent anti-cancer properties.
Green Tea is the most famous health tea for the past few decades. It is darker compared to White tea as it is slightly more oxidized, however it contains high number of antioxidants that is beneficial for promoting good metabolism and weight-loss. Some of the numerous health benefits of green tea include growth of bladder, stomach, pancreas, lungs; reduced risks of neurological disease like Alzheimer’s; lower blood pressure; prevent cancer; lowers cholesterol levels; prevents tooth decay and many more.
Oolong Tea comes after green tea in terms of its antioxidant content as it’s more oxidized compared to the latter. Its properties depend upon the level of oxidation which is mostly between 30% -70%. It is aromatic and highly fragrant. It is known to lower bad cholesterol levels (LDL) and increase the production of good cholesterol (HDL). It has higher amount of caffeine hence it is known to increase mental alertness and increases concentration
Black Tea is rich, hearty and bold. It’s over 80 % oxidized and hence contain highest levels of caffeine compared to all the others. Hence, this makes it best for an instant energy boost. It is known to protect the skin against excess UV radiation exposure, boost immunity, protectlungs, improve heart health and lower the risk of kidneystones.
Hence, who wouldn’t want to enjoy a hot cup of tea on a pleasant evening (Specially, if it’s good for your health as well as taste buds).
Good communication is very important to convey what is there in the mind. Whatever language, communicating in a understandable way is very important. communication today is very important both in the business world and in private life.
Even though the person is good at skills and is capable of doing things better, lack of communication degrades the skills and brings a negative mark on the person which is a bad thing for the individual.
Top 5 communication skills and How to improve them
Developing strong communication skills is essential when it comes to building a successful careee. Communication skills play a key role in your private life too. These 5 skills are absolutely necessary for sucessful commuincation in the workplace or private life.
1. Listening :
Listening is one of the most important aspects of communication. Successful listening is not just and understanding of spoken or written information, but also an understanding of how the speaker feels during communication. If a speaker can see and feel that someone is listening and understanding that can help build a stronger, deeper realtionship between interlocutors.
Careful listening can also create an environment in which everyone feels safe to express ideas, opinions and feelings, or plan and solve problems in a creative way.
2. Straight talking :
Conversation is the basis of communication, and one must not neglect its importanc. Even a simple, friendly conversation with colleafues can build mutual trust and even detect problems before they become serious. A healthy does of chatting with and unknown person can lead to a business opportunity . Be accessible and friendly because then you will be able to talk to almost anymore.
3. Non- verbal communication :
When we talk about things that matter to us then we send a lot of nonverbal messages. Non verbal signals are wordless communication, body position, facial experssion, hand movements, gestures, eye contact, attitude and tone of your voice, muscle tension and the way you breathe. The way you look, listen create, react, gesture , speaks far more about feelings than words will ever be able to.
4. Stress Management :
In small quantities, stress can be very useful and encouraging for work . However, when the stress becomes constant and completely begins to take effect, it can affect communication, clarity of opinion and appropriate behavior and action. When you are under stress you may misunderstand other people, send confusing nonverbal signals, and use funny patterns of behavior.
5. Emotion control :
In communication, feelings play an important role. Making decisions more often affects the way you feel than the way you think. Gudided by emotions, your nonverbal behavior affects the understanding of other people and how others understand and perceive you. Control of emotions provides you with tools to understand others, yourself and the messages you send. Though recognizing feelings makes it simple, many people have strong feeling like anger, sorrow, or fear being pushed under the carpet.
Importance of communication :
Communication thus helps understand people better removing misunderstanding and creating clarity of thoughts and expression. The communication brings people together, closer to each other. The communication is an important management function closely associated with all other managerial functions.
Everybody has their own way of communicating. It is influenced by cultural background, the way someone was raised, their gender, their temperament, and much more. At that point true communication may become utterly impossible. Sometimes we may have a difficult time understanding anothers feelings , needs and habits.
* communication serves four major functions with a group of organization :
* control
* Motivational
* Emotional expression
* Information
* communication serves five major purposes :
* to inform
* to express feelings
* to imagine
* to influence and
* to meet social expectations
For example:
For instance, if an individual is going to an interview with great confidence. An individual who is good at different kinds of skills, and also good at executing them and he is lack of communication skills. As the person is not a good communicator, the person faces difficulty in explaining the things to the other person which is known to him. Instantly, this brings a bad impression on the person and a negative mark will be marked on him. The negative mark has a lot to do with. The negative mark can also lead to the rejection of the person in the interview.
Being knowledgeable is very important to achieve certain goals in life, attaining good communication skills and being a good communicator is also equally important to achieve high in the life. Being a good communicator is not A big deal. It is so easy as the lifestyle. Any individual can be good communicator if he communicates all the time with other people in the possible way.
Urban Ecosystem is the ecological system which is located within an urban area or a city or town or any densely populated area. Urban Ecosystem is the amalgamation of the urban population, its built infrastructure along with its surrounding environment and the interactions between them. It can be seen as a modern way by which adaption can be promoted and guidance can be provided for ecosystem approaches for planning and management of urban areas and their ecosystem. By this the effectiveness and efficiency of the amenities and services being provided for the people can be improved.
URBAN ECOSYSTEM
NEED TO UNDERSTAND URBAN ECOSYSTEM
As of the current situation, more than 54% of world’s population is residing in urban areas (2017) and is projected to reach nearly 66% by 2050.
Urban areas occupy only a small portion of land as compared to the total land available but the amount of global energy consumed by them is huge and is nearly 67 – 76%.
Industrial activities are one of the most widely practiced activities in urban areas and they consume nearly 80% of residential water and 80% of woods.
With the increasing percentage of population residing in urban areas the chances of deterioration of urban ecosystem also increases.
The expanding urban areas convert the biomes into residential, industrial, commercial, and transportation areas.
STRUCTURE OF URBAN ECOSYSTEMS
Urban Ecosystems consist of 2 elements:
Biological Elements : In the biological components in includes plants, animals and other life forms of life and in addition to that, it also includes the human population, their demographic characteristics, their institutional structures and the socio economic tools that they employ.
Physical Elements : The physical component mainly includes buildings, transportation networks, modified surfaces (e.g., parking lots, roofs, and landscaping) and the environmental alterations etc .
CHARACTERISTICSOF URBAN ECOSYSTEMS
In comparison to other ecosystems, urban ecosystems are more warm because of high built up areas which reduces the infiltration of rainwater and show high amount of surface run off.
The amount of chemicals, pollutants and heavy metals and other man made organic compounds is also more concentrated in these areas.
The biological community found in different urban areas and urban ecosystems is similar, which is mainly attributed to the structural similarities in urban areas like infrastructures, buildings etc. and due to introduction of different types of activities and characteristics in urban areas for satisfying the needs of the population.
URBAN SUSTAINABILITY
As the percentage of people residing in the cities is increasing, the need of understanding the human – nature interactions and the evolution of their interaction and relationship also increases. With increasing urbanization, the complexities, adversities and nature of this relationship increases and keeps on changing.
Urban Sustainability is the approach that aims to reduce the reliance of cities on other means and modes for satisfying its need and to power itself by making best use of the available renewable sources of energy. By this practice, the carbon footprint, ecological footprint and extent of pollution caused by the cities and urban areas can be reduced. This can be done by efficiently using the land, using the compost obtained from material, by switching to zero waste strategy and waste – to – energy concept. By this the cities impact on micro and global climate change will be reduced.
SOME STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING URBAN SUSTAINABILITY
Urban Gardening
Using Sustainable Approaches in construction of buildings
When it comes to food no-one can forget Indian food. Indian foods can be sour, sweet, spicy & tangy altogether. There is no particularity in Indian cuisine as every state of India has its own food cuisine . India is known for its spicy and sweet foods. If you want to savour that taste of Indian quizzing then these 5 foods mentioned below must be in your bucket list .
BIRIYANI
BIRIYANI : It is the most famous food in India . Wherever you go you will be able to see its existence from restaurants to small food stalls on the roadside of India. This food first came to India by Mughals. It is a rice dish with meat and egg and potato pieces with flavour for spices and Saffron mix .There are also various type of biriyani like veg biriyani (With no meat and full of vegetables) , mutton biriyani ( as the meat pieces) ,Chicken biriyani (Chicken meat is added) , bamboo biriyani ( cooked in the piece of bamboo) etc. You can also see the variation in the Biryani in the different states of India like Hyderabadi Biriyani, Lucknowi Biriyani, Kolkata biriyani etc. Among all of them Hyderabadi Biriyani is the most famous for its flavour fullness and spiciness .Biriyani is also served with curd salad or Raita .
GOLGAPPA /PANIPURI/FUUKA
2. GOLGAPPA /PANIPURI/FUUKA :It is a famous street food in India and you will be able to see it in every corner of India .Even nowadays it is served in restaurants .Golgappa is made of three ingredients —–
Crispy ball made of Suji
A spicy aloo/potato filling
a spicy , tangy and sour water
The spicy potato filling is put inside the crispy balls and then it is filled with the sour flavoured water .This water was made of tamarind or pudina with spices. You can also see the dahi-golgappa which is filled with curd or dahi and some chutney .
RASGULLA
3.RASGULLA : It is a famous sweet dessert of India . Rasgulla is a sponge like ball with which is immersed in sweet sugar liquid or chashni .Its origin is West Bengal and Orissa .The Rasgulla is made from paneer are Indian cottage cheese (a milk product) which is mixed with some suji and flour and later this mixture is drained of its containing water by special Muslin cloths .Then it is given a shape of ball and dipped in the sugar liquid or chashni . This sweet is white coloured . Some other types of sweets are also made from rasgulla .
MASALA DOSA
4)MASALA DOSA : Dosa is a South Indian traditional dish . there are two parts in masala dosa —-
A pancake / roti which is made from a thin batter of rice and black lentils flour .
A spicy potato and vegetable filling in the middle of the pancake .
It is originally served with a coconut chutney and sambar which is one type of vegetable Dal or soup . There are also various types of dosa like paneer dosa (made of paneer filling), chicken 65 dosa ( ‘chicken 65’ Is a chicken dish which acts as a filling in dosa) and paper dosa etc.
SAMOSA
5) SAMOSA : it is one of the most famous street foods in India. It also have two parts —
Outside a Crispy dough which is made of maida and deep fried in oil .
soft and spicy potato onion filling inside
It also has a unique conic shape . This food was also introduced to India by Mughal. Paneer Samosa (filled with paneer), chicken Samosa (filled with chicken), noodle Samosa (filled with noodles) are various types of samosa with different stuffing . It is usually only served with sour sweet chutney or tomato sauce .
Have you ever attended a yoga session before? Have you ever heard about these chakras?
If yes, that’s great. If not, that’s fine we are going to cover it in this article.
Chakra is a word that comes from Sanskrit, meaning wheel. There are seven wheels or chakras in a human body. Each is located in sequential order along our spinal cord.
Activating these chakras are important to have a physical and emotional balance. If any of them is imbalanced it means that your chakras are blocked and there is a need to activate them.
But how do we do that? Before answering that question let’s learn about the position and significance of each chakra.
Okay, let’s start from the bottom.
1. Root chakra- Muladhara:
Color– Red
Represents– the Earth
It is located at the bottom of the spine. It provides a foundation for your life. Gives a sense of commitment, energy, vitality, and independence in life. Helps you to stay grounded.
If this chakra is blocked. The consequences may be like this- anger, possessiveness, insecurity, fear, low self-esteem, etc.
How to activate/balance this chakra?
You can activate this chakra by performing yoga or meditation.
Hand Mudra yoga poses
2. Sacral Chakra- Swadhisthana:
Color– Orange
Represents– Water
Located below the belly button.
This chakra deals with one’s creativity, emotional identity, desires, and pleasure. Gives a feeling of compassion, a good sense of humor, intuition, sense of belonging.
If this chakra is blocked it gives a sense of shyness, guilt, irritation, lack of creativity, etc.
How to activate this chakra?
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra.
Hand Mudra yoga poses
3. Solar plexus chakra- Manipura:
Color– yellow
Represents– Fire
Located in the stomach area. This chakra deals with the sense of belonging and mental understanding of emotions. This makes you feel energetic, confident, intelligent, focused, good digestion, and productive.
If this chakra is blocked you feel timid, depressed, judgmental, angry, and fear of rejection.
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra
Hand Mudra yoga poses
4. Heart Chakra- Anahata:
Color– green
Represents– Air
Located at the center of the chest. It reflects a person’s social identity and affection like love, trust, forgiveness, and wisdom. Makes you motivated, compassionate, emphasized, sense of completeness, friendliness, etc.
If this chakra is blocked you might feel difficulty in love, lack of hope and compassion, mood fluctuations, and feeling low.
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra
Hand Mudra yoga poses
5. Throat chakra- Vishuddha:
Color– Blue
Represents– Sound
It is located in your throat. Deals with creativity, effective communication skills, faith, expression, listening skills, and all.
If this chakra is blocked it may cause indecisiveness, weakening of willpower, lack of expressiveness, low level of creativity, and proneness to addiction.
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra
Hand Mudra yoga poses
6. Third eye chakra- Ajna:
Color– Indigo
Represents– light
Located between the eyes. It is responsible for intuition, imagination, wisdom, self-awareness, insight, understanding, and reasoning. It gives clear thinking, a healthy imagination, strong intuition power, good concentration, and focus.
If this chakra is blocked it results in poor judgment, confusion, fear of truth, poor concentration, and addictions.
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra
Hand Mudra yoga poses
7. Crown chakra- sahasrara:
Color– Violet/white
Represents– Conscience
Located at the top of the body, the crown chakra is to maintain a spiritual connection and consciousness. Gives a feeling of oneness, open-mindedness, thoughtfulness, etc.
If this chakra is blocked you feel a sense of fear, lack of purpose, lack of inspiration, disbelief in spiritual and devotional practices.
By following the mudras mentioned below you can balance the chakra
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