A recent picture of fire on the ocean, called ‘eye of fire’ has been going viral. This picture was captured in the west of Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula on 2nd July 2021. The reason for this fire was a gas leak of an underwater pipeline of the state oil company known as Pemex. The origin of the fire was an underwater pipeline that connects to a platform at the Ku Maloob Zaap oil development. The fire took more than five hours to put out. The company Pemex has a long history of major industrial accidents at their facilities. The fire was put out using Nitrogen by the company workers. Such incidents keep making us wonder about the marine ecosystem and how these activities keep endangering it. Although this was an accident of gas leak from inside, it reminds us of the many oil spills that keep occurring and the effect they have on the marine ecosystem.
Mauritius Oil Spill
On July 25, 2020, a Japanese-operated ship named MV Wakshio hit a coral reef on the coast of Mauritius. The vessel carried 4000 tonnes of crude oil out of which more than 1000 tonnes of oil leaked from the crack in an environmentally sensitive region which polluted the coral reefs, beaches, and lagoons of the island, and an environmental emergency was declared by the Prime Minister of Mauritius. This leak has caused a lot of damage and will continue to for years because of its location being near two environmentally protected marine ecosystems and the Blue Bay Marine Park reserve. These oil spills don’t just affect for the time being till they are cleaned up, the soluble compounds of the oil dissolve in the water and form a layer on the surface of the water which affects the whole marine ecosystem. The toxic hydrocarbons released from the spill bleach the coral reefs which are a very important part of Mauritius, and because of this bleaching, they will eventually die. The oil is less dense than the saltwater so it floats over the water which ends up sticking to the fur and feather of the marine animals and the birds which harms the water-repelling properties of their skin which can then expose them to the cold. Moreover, swallowing the oil can poison them.
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
This spill of 2010 is known as the biggest oil spill in the United States with a spill of more than 200 million gallons of oil. It was found that the spill changed the amount of sediment collection on the bottom of the sea and choked them of oxygen. The reef fish changed after the spill, it absorbed some of the oil-source contaminants. This spill endangered the food chain and more than 400 species. It also severely affected dolphins of the area, there were a lot of stillbirths or baby dolphins with abnormal or underdeveloped lungs and seriously ill adult dolphins with drastically low blood sugar, low weight, and some were found with liver cancer and lung cancer.
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
This disaster was caused by an oil tanker named Exxon Valdez which spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil into Alaska’s Prince William Sound on March 24, 1989. It killed around 2,50,000 sea birds, 3000 otters, 300 seals, 250 bald eagles, and 22 killer whales. It also played a role in the collapse of salmon and herring fisheries which resulted in fishermen going bankrupt and the economy suffering.
Environmental Effects
Seeing three important cases of Oil spills above we can discuss the major environmental effects of an oil spill:
Big impact on temporary animal
Fish loss of habitat
Affects organism functions like respiration, feeding, and thermo-regulation
The cleaning of oil spills ends up damaging the remaining plants.
Bleaching of coral reefs
Depletes oxygen content in water
Failure in the reproductive system of sea animals (as seen in dolphins above)
Responsible Bodies
The MARPOL convention of 1973 covers pollution of the marine environment by ships, it also lists forms of marine pollution caused by harmful substances, oil, sewage, and garbage from ships. The key international bodies that take care of oil spills are International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC), and United Nations Environment Program World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP-WCMC). Other than these, every country has its government agency to take care of the spills. India has a National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP).
Conclusion
With all the use of natural resources, the environment is being affected but adding to that is the leaks of these natural resources which further destroys the environment. The first step for acting on anything is to get to know about the history of incidents and the effect that has had on the environment.
Nothing brings a human joy more than a weekend. Friday evening, when you logout of your office and take a huge sigh of relief, nothing could beat that. We often make huge plans for the weekend but end up curled up in bed doing the bare minimum. And this is a universal phenomenon. Weekend brings a wave of laziness with it and we give into it. Although weekends are made for resting but doing something productive could be a cherry on the cake.
Some things you can try to do to get something extra out of your weekends are listed below: 1. Firstly, to do anything you need to have a plan. You must figure out what tasks you have to complete in those two days and the amount of time then left for all the rest and leisure activities. 2. Household chores always come at top of the list. These are the only two days when you can oversee everything. 3. Next do something you have been putting of for a long time. For example- exercising, meditating, gardening, etc. 4. Some people like to go out every once in a while. Weekends are the perfect opportunity to go out and meet your friends and family. 5. Some people like spending this time alone and honestly, that is the best use of the weekend. You need to give yourself time to rejuvenate from the chaotic week you had. 6. Lastly, take the trip you have been delaying for so long. Go to your nearest spot, have a picnic and make a day out of it.
The most important thing you can and should do is disconnect yourself from social media. Just for two days, try being away from the world. We use this time for rest but if we stay on our phones all the time watching useless videos then what’s the point of it all. Instead of letting social media dictate how you spend your weekend, keep your phone aside and go outside. Go for a long drive, eat at a restaurant, go to the gym, just do anything that would keep you away from those adorable cat videos on the internet. Another thing to keep in mind is that you not only need to disconnect from social media but the world all together. Stop being available for people on the weekends unless it’s an emergency. Use this time to be with yourself. You must set boundaries especially with your work colleagues. You can check your messages once in a day but letting people think you are available will only take away your weekend joy.
The above tips were for people who like to do things according to a plan but there are a lot of people who are spontaneous. I need not tell them how to spend their weekends. They will go wherever their heart takes them. It could be a short trip, a weekend long party, a get together, etc. These are the people who know how to unwind properly. You must rest but you should also do something productive before you head into another hectic week. Spending your weekend doing nothing will only lead to regret in the coming week while accomplishing even a single task will keep you satisfied and you can look forward to another fun filled weekend. Lastly, weekends are a great opportunity to plan ahead for the coming week and ensure you stay productive throughout the week.
Poverty and environment are closely interrelated. … It also highlights the impact of poverty on environmental health.Poverty is a condition of having insufficient resources of income.It is a lack of basic human needs such as adequate nutritious food, clothing, housing,clean water and health services.Extreme poverty can cause terrible suffering and death.They often suffer from severe malnutrition, epidemic disease outbreaks.
The effects of poverty may also include poor nutrition,mental illness,drug dependence and crime.
Extreme poverty which threatens people’s health or lives and is known as absolute poverty.And a condition of having fewer resources or less income than others within a society or country when compared to world-wide averages is known as the relative poverty.
The cycle of Poverty,illness and limited opportunities becomes a self substaining process that passes from one generation to another.
Poverty and environmental issues
The increase in population and poverty has made an impact on natural resources and the environment in many regions.In many parts of the world, environmental degradation-the deterioration of natural environment including the atmosphere,bodies of water,soil,forest is an impact cause of poverty.
Environmental problems have led to shortage of food,clean water, materials for shelter,and other essential resources.As forests,land,air and water are degraded,people who depend upon these natural resources are adversely affected.
Various measures to eradicate poverty in human being include the following
⭐ Achieving self sufficiency by intensifying agriculture,argumenting green revolution, in increasing crop productivity through modern genetic and bio technological approaches.
⭐Increasing land and water resources.Expanding the area of cultivable lands, transforming dry lands into productive lands through irrigation water sheds development.
⭐ Prevention of land and water pollution by minimizing the usage of chemical pesticides and adopting biological control strategies for pest eradication.
⭐Establishment of industries and technologies and creating more avenues for employment and man power utilization.
⭐Establishing more primary health centres , hospital and orphanages for destitutes and diseased.
The pregnant womens are now eligible for COVID 19 vaccination after the recommendation of NITAG (National Immunisation Technical Advisory Group) which is an advisory committee responsible for providing information related to vaccine to the national government of different country, as they follow evidence based work approach and play significant role in the whole pandemic situation. The decision got approved by the Union Health Ministry.
The centre has issued operational guidelines for the vaccination of pregnant women and the healthcare professionals who are responsible for the process. There is high risk of COVID 19 infection in case of pregnant women, which can impact the health of both the mother and the baby. The priority is to inform all such women about the risk, benefit, side effect and then get vaccinated. After most of the people getting vaccinated the centre’s decision on vaccination of pregnant women will surely strengthen the vaccination drive. Now they can register themselves on COVIN or directly visit the vaccination centre.
India and vaccination drive India started with its vaccination drive in January 2021. It started when two indigenous vaccine Covisheild by Serum institute of India and Covaxin by Bharat biotech passed the trials and got approval. It is India’s first ever adult vaccination drive. In the first phase of Vaccination drive, all the Frontline workers and healthcare staff got vaccinated and gradually, dividing the population into the category of 45+ and 18+ the vaccination drive begin for the public as well. Apart from this vaccination trials were performed on children as it is forecasted that the third wave is likely to affect children more than adults.
The challenges and progress India is one of the largest and most populated country in the world. The government of India is running the biggest vaccination drive while they face many challenges which include-
Lack of participation
Wastage of vaccine
Lack of awareness While these are some of the most common yet the most difficult obstacles that made it difficult to run the vaccination process and to reach a greater number of people specially the illiterate and rural population of the country. The government planned the strategy from local to national level and made tremendous offers towards making the drive successful by –
Eliminating vaccine hesitation
Ensuring COVID protocols are followed including mandatory vaccination.
Encouraging participation in the vaccine drive
Conclusion A smooth functioning of the vaccination drive is necessary in order to make sure that maximum number of people get benefited. India has already gone through the worst condition in the second wave where the nation witnessed oxygen shortage, no beds in hospital and medicines running out of stock. Not only this the but, the financial loss and shortage of resources, loss of livelihood in the time of pandemic left the common man shattered. The pandemic also showed us the reality of our healthcare system and faulty administration. The medical infrastructure is still not well equipped with some of the most basic facility which is a matter of concern.
LOVE, CARE AND AFFECTION ; THESE WORDS HOLD A GREAT MEANING. A CHILD IS A PRECIOUS CREATION OF THE ALMIGHTY. PARENTS ARE LIKE WATER TO THE SAPLINGS CALLED CHILDREN.
SOME PEOPLE DISOWN THEIR CHILDREN AND SEND THEM TO ORPHANAGES.SOME DO THIS DUE TO FINANCIAL PRESSURE, SOME DUE TO FAMILY ISSUES AND SOME DUE TO BIRTH OF A GIRL CHILD, WHOM THEY CONSIDER TO BE A BURDEN.
ANGELS ARE THOSE WHO ADOPT THESE CHILDREN AND LOVE THEM LIKE THEIR OWN. TO THEM DNA DOES NOT MATTER BUT WHAT MATTERS TO THEM IS THE CHILD. THEY PROVIDE THE CHILD WITH ABUNDUNT LOVE AND AFFECTION WHICH THE CHILD HAD BEEN DEPRIVING OF.
DNA, DOES THAT MATTER ? FOR THOSE WHO CARE ABOUT THE CHILD AND HIS/HER EMOTIONS, THESE THINGS WONT MATTER. A PERSON WHO WOULD LOVE THE CHILD AND WOULD WANT TO RAISE THE CHILD LIKE THEIR OWN, FOR THEM NOTHING ELSE APART FROM THE CHILD’S CONSENT WOULD MATTER.
RAISING A CHILD HAS ITS OWN BEAUTY. APPRECIATE THOSE WHO RAISE A CHILD WHOSE DNA DOES NOT MATCH WITH THEIR CHILDREN BUT THEIR LOVE AND HEART DOES.
A bear market is when a market experiences prolonged price declines. It typically describes a condition in which securities prices fall 20% or more from recent highs amid widespread pessimism and negative investor sentiment.
Bear markets are often associated with declines in an overall market, but individual securities or commodities can also be considered to be in a bear market if they experience a decline of 20% or more over a sustained period of time—typically two months or more. Bear markets also may accompany general economic downturns such as a recession. Bear markets may be contrasted with upward-trending bull markets.
Understanding Bear Markets
Stock prices generally reflect future expectations of cash flows and profits from companies. As growth prospects wane, and expectations are dashed, prices of stocks can decline. Herd behavior, fear, and a rush to protect downside losses can lead to prolonged periods of depressed asset prices.
One definition of a bear market says markets are in bear territory when stocks, on average, fall at least 20% off their high. But 20% is an arbitrary number, just as a 10% decline is an arbitrary benchmark for a correction. Another definition of a bear market is when investors are more risk-averse than risk-seeking. This kind of bear market can last for months or years as investors shun speculation in favor of boring, sure bets.
The causes of a bear market often vary, but in general, a weak or slowing or sluggish economy will bring with it a bear market. The signs of a weak or slowing economy are typically low employment, low disposable income, weak productivity, and a drop in business profits. In addition, any intervention by the government in the economy can also trigger a bear market.
For example, changes in the tax rate or in the federal funds rate can lead to a bear market. Similarly, a drop in investor confidence may also signal the onset of a bear market. When investors believe something is about to happen, they will take action—in this case, selling off shares to avoid losses.
Bear markets can last for multiple years or just several weeks. A secular bear market can last anywhere from 10 to 20 years and is characterized by below-average returns on a sustained basis. There may be rallies within secular bear markets where stocks or indexes rally for a period, but the gains are not sustained, and prices revert to lower levels. A cyclical bear market, on the other hand, can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months.
The U.S. major market indexes were close to bear market territory on December 24, 2018, falling just shy of a 20% drawdown. More recently, major indexes including the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average fell sharply into bear market territory between March 11 and March 12, 2020. Prior to that, the last prolonged bear market in the United States occurred between 2007 and 2009 during the Financial crisis and lasted for roughly 17 months. The S&P 500 lost 50% of its value during that time.
In February 2020, global stocks entered a sudden bear market in the wake of the global coronavirus pandemic, sending the DJIA down 38% from its all-time high on February 12 (29,568.77) to a low on March 23 (18,213.65) in just over one month. However, both the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq 100 made new highs by August 2020.
Indian culture is the heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief system, political systems, artifactcs and technologies that originated in or are associated with the Indian subcontinent. Over the centuries, there has been a significant fusion of cultures between Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, Jain, sikhs and various tribal population in India.
>Importance of Indian Culture :
Indians are proud of its culture. In our country it is traditional to respect elders, be truthful and honest and also to help out others in need. It is also considered traditional to celebrate our cultural festivals and religious activities with the family and neighbours.
>Indian culture and values :
The two most tenents of Indian culture are Human Values and Holism. Human values refer to moral, spiritual and ethical values whereas Holism means unity.
>Features of Indian culture :
Unity in diversity, tolerance , longevity and continuity , amalgamation of spirituality and materialism.
India is the land of ‘UNITY IN DIVERSITY’, and our dances are no different. Different forms of dances find origin of different parts of the country, and they are a way of representation of the particular culture from which they originate.
UNITY
INDIAN CULTURE IS VERY RICH AND DIVERSE AND TEACHES US TO BE TOLERANT TO OTHERS.
Menstruation is one of the most significant processes a woman’s body undergoes. Therefore, it is no wonder that we tend to get flustered with the idea of getting our very first period, often forgetting to pay attention to the need for ensuring good menstrual hygiene. A UNICEF study shows that in India, inadequate awareness about menstrual hygiene compels 23% girls to drop out of schools after they start menstruating. This is a stage where girls are often confused and scared as to how to go about their first period since knowledge on basic hygienic practices towards menstruation is often not well addressed. Menstrual health and cleanliness are often neglected but they are extremely important for the health of any woman.
Some Important Factors
From sanitary pads, tampons to menstrual cups, each woman should choose a product that provides her maximum comfort. It must be kept in mind that only one method of sanitation must be used at a time; using multiple ones can lead to rashes, infections or even Toxic Shock Syndrome.
Girls getting their periods for the first time are bound to have a lot of concerns, which should be addressed right away. It is crucial to understand that they will require proper guidance to navigate their way towards comprehending the significance of menstrual hygiene. Approaching an expert or a doctor is always the right way to go about this.
Ensure that your body is relaxed and comfortable at all times. Choose comfort and be well-rested. Try to look past any age-old perceptions which indicate that women should not indulge in activities during these days. We must encourage women to be active and prove that periods do not get in the way of living lives. Comfort and hygiene can still go hand-in-hand during periods with the availability of an array of services and products in the market.
Bathe and wash yourself regularly. Bathing regularly during periods is important as it removes the excess blood that could cause an infection. It can also help alleviate the mood and reduce menstrual cramps. You can also relieve your period pain through mild heat therapy. For cleansing, a gentle foaming cleanser can be used to eliminate infection-causing bacteria, while preserving the good ones you need for a healthy vulva.
It is always beneficial to be ready beforehand with all the necessary supplies that you would require. Carrying a multi-purpose pouch containing intimate care kits will surely serve the need of the hour for ultimate comfort and convenience. After your first period, it is best to keep a track of the next period date through apps, which will regularly monitor your cycles
Menstrual Hygiene Day
World Menstrual Hygiene Day is observed on May 28. The main idea behind marking this day is to change the social stigma associated with menstruation. The date May 28 was chosen to observe the day because on an average the menstrual cycle for most women is 28 days and the menstruation period for most women is for five days. Hence, the date was kept as 28/5. Never consider menstruation as a problem but never neglect hygiene during menstruation to stay happy and healthy.
The Google every knows about Google, it gives us access to almost all information by typing what you want to know into the search bar. There are some interesting secrets you can have enjoy.
Then why are u waitimg just go with my steps ,
Go with,you have type the phrase “Do a barrel roll” into the search bar of Google and press enter, the entire page spin around once.
Second is a fun trick if you like Chuck Norris jokes. If you type in ‘Find Chuck Norris’ and click ‘I’m feeling lucky’, you will get a little message from Google about being careful what you search for.
Next, and this is one of my favourites, try typing ‘Google Gravity’ into the search bar on Google and pressing search. It will cause the entire page to fall into pieces. Although sometimes this doesn’t work, if you search it and click the first result on the page, it will take you back to the homepage which will then fall. The best part is that you can still search for things even after it has taken effect. It will, however, cause all of the results to fall from the sky and crash down on top of the already fallen homepage.
Finally, my favourite. Type ‘Zerg Rush’ into the search bar and hit enter. This will cause many ‘o’s to appear from all directions! But beware, they are not your friends. You must hover over each of the ‘o’s with your cursor and click like crazy. Soon they will vanish. Attempt this at your own peril, you have been warned.
So there you have it, a few cool things to do with Google when you’re bored. Of course, there are far more tricks to do with Google, but you can always find them by, you know, googling it. A little extra for reading this far: if you leave the search bar blank and click ‘I’m Feeling Lucky’, you’ll be shown all of the Google doodles that have ever been used on special dates.
Here are way more tricks you can do on google.
Do a Barrel Roll. Search for “do a barrel roll” without the quotes, and hold onto your desk for dear life. …
“As I rained blows upon him, I realized there had to be another way!” It’s a Festivus MIIIRACLE! …
A bull market is the condition of a financial market in which prices are rising or are expected to rise. The term “bull market” is most often used to refer to the stock market but can be applied to anything that is traded, such as bonds, real estate, currencies, and commodities.
Because prices of securities rise and fall essentially continuously during trading, the term “bull market” is typically reserved for extended periods in which a large portion of security prices are rising. Bull markets tend to last for months or even years.
Understanding Bull Markets
Bull markets are characterized by optimism, investor confidence, and expectations that strong results should continue for an extended period of time. It is difficult to predict consistently when the trends in the market might change. Part of the difficulty is that psychological effects and speculation may sometimes play a large role in the markets.
There is no specific and universal metric used to identify a bull market. Nonetheless, perhaps the most common definition of a bull market is a situation in which stock prices rise by 20%, usually after a drop of 20% and before a second 20% decline. Since bull markets are difficult to predict, analysts can typically only recognize this phenomenon after it has happened. A notable bull market in recent history was the period between 2003 and 2007. During this time, the S&P 500 increased by a significant margin after a previous decline; as the 2008 financial crisis took effect, major declines occurred again after the bull market run.
Characteristics of a Bull Market
Bull markets generally take place when the economy is strengthening or when it is already strong. They tend to happen in line with strong Gross Domestic Product (GDP),and a drop in unemployment and will often coincide with a rise in corporate profits. Investor confidence will also tend to climb throughout a bull market period. The overall demand for stocks will be positive, along with the overall tone of the market. In addition, there will be a general increase in the amount of IPO activity during bull markets.
Notably, some of the factors above are more easily quantifiable than others. While corporate profits and unemployment are quantifiable, it can be more difficult to gauge the general tone of market commentary, for instance. Supply and demand for securities will seesaw: supply will be weak while demand will be strong. Investors will be eager to buy securities, while few will be willing to sell. In a bull market, investors are more willing to take part in the (stock) market in order to gain profits.
Bull vs. Bear Markets
The opposite of a bull market is a bear market, which is characterized by falling prices and typically shrouded in pessimism. The commonly held belief about the origin of these terms suggests that the use of “bull” and “bear” to describe markets comes from the way the animals attack their opponents. A bull thrusts its horns up into the air, while a bear swipes its paws downward. These actions are metaphors for the movement of a market. If the trend is up, it’s a bull market. If the trend is down, it’s a bear market.
Bull and bear markets often coincide with the economic cycle, which consists of four phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. he onset of a bull market is often a leading indicator of economic expansion. Because public sentiment about future economic conditions drives stock prices, the market frequently rises even before broader economic measures, such as gross domestic product (GDP) growth, begin to tick up. Likewise, bear markets usually set in before economic contraction takes hold. A look back at a typical U.S. recession reveals a falling stock market several months ahead of GDP decline.
How to Take Advantage of a Bull Market
Investors who want to benefit from a bull market should buy early in order to take advantage of rising prices and sell them when they’ve reached their peak. Although it is hard to determine when the bottom and peak will take place, most losses will be minimal and are usually temporary. Below, we’ll explore several prominent strategies investors utilize during bull market periods. However, because it is difficult to assess the state of the market as it exists currently, these strategies involve at least some degree of risk as well.
Buy and Hold
One of the most basic strategies in investing is the process of buying a particular security and holding onto it, potentially to sell it at a later date. This strategy necessarily involves confidence on the part of the investor: why hold onto a security unless you expect its price to rise? For this reason, the optimism that comes along with bull markets helps to fuel the buy and hold approach.
Increased Buy and Hold
Increased buy and hold is a variation on the straightforward buy and hold strategy, and it involves additional risk. The premise behind the increased buy and hold approach is that an investor will continue to add to his or her holdings in a particular security so long as it continues to increase in price. One common method for increasing holdings suggests that an investor will buy an additional fixed quantity of shares for every increase in stock price of a pre-set amount.
Retracement Additions
A retracement is a brief period in which the general trend in a security’s price is reversed. Even during a bull market, it’s unlikely that stock prices will only ascend. Rather, there are likely to be shorter periods of time in which small dips occur as well, even as the general trend continues upward. Some investors watch for retracements within a bull market and move to buy during these periods. The thinking behind this strategy is that, presuming that the bull market continues, the price of the security in question will quickly move back up, retroactively providing the investor with a discounted purchase price.
Full Swing Trading
Perhaps the most aggressive way of attempting to capitalize on a bull market is the process known as full swing trading. Investors utilizing this strategy will take very active roles, using short-selling and other techniques to attempt to squeeze out maximum gains as shifts occur within the context of a larger bull market.
Previously Unknown Letter Reveals Einstein’s Thinking on Bees, Birds and Physics
The 1949 letter by the physicist and Nobel laureate discusses bees, birds, and whether new physics principles could come from studying animal senses.
It’s a position still being realized within physics to this day, with a growing body of research and understanding of how animals such as birds and bees find their way around.
Now a study led by RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, discusses how recent discoveries in migratory birds back up Einstein’s thinking 72 years ago.
The previously unpublished letter was shared with researchers by Judith Davys — Einstein had addressed it to her late husband, radar researcher Glyn Davys.
RMIT’s Associate Professor Adrian Dyer has published significant studies into bees and is the lead author of the new paper on Einstein’s letter, published in the Journal of Comparative Physiology A.
Letter by Albert Einstein, validated by The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where Einstein bequeathed his notes, letters and records. Credit: Dyer et al. 2021, J Comp Physiol A / The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Dyer said the letter shows how Einstein envisaged new discoveries could come from studying animals.
“Seven decades after Einstein proposed new physics might come from animal sensory perception, we’re seeing discoveries that push our understanding about navigation and the fundamental principles of physics,” he said.
The letter also proves Einstein met with Nobel laureate Karl von Frisch, who was a leading bee and animal sensory researcher.
In April 1949, von Frisch presented his research on how honeybees navigate more effectively using the polarization patterns of light scattered from the sky.
The day after Einstein attended von Frisch’s lecture, the two researchers shared a private meeting.
Although this meeting wasn’t formally documented, the recently discovered letter from Einstein provides insight into what they might have talked about.
“It is thinkable that the investigation of the behavior of migratory birds and carrier pigeons may someday lead to the understanding of some physical process which is not yet known,” Einstein wrote.
Professor Andrew Greentree, a theoretical physicist at RMIT, said Einstein also suggested that for bees to extend our knowledge of physics, new types of behavior would need to be observed.
“Remarkably, it is clear through his writing that Einstein envisaged new discoveries could come from studying animals’ behaviors,” Greentree said.
More than 70 years since Einstein sent his letter, research is revealing the secrets of how migratory birds navigate while flying thousands of kilometers to arrive at a precise destination.
In 2008, research on thrushes fitted with radio transmitters showed, for the first time, that these birds use a form of magnetic compass as their primary orientation guide during flight.
One theory for the origin of magnetic sense in birds is the use of quantum randomness and entanglement. Both of these physics concepts were first proposed by Einstein.
Reference: “Einstein, von Frisch and the honeybee: a historical letter comes to light” by Adrian G. Dyer, Andrew D. Greentree, Jair E. Garcia, Elinya L. Dyer, Scarlett R. Howard and Friedrich G. Barth, 10 May 2021, Journal of Comparative Physiology A. DOI: 10.1007/s00359-021-01490-6
The letter to Glyn Davys shows the openness of Einstein’s mind to novel possibilities observed in nature and the evidence that he took an interest in von Frish and his bee research.
Monetary and fiscal policy refer to the policies of the government aimed to solve the economic problems in a country. A monetary policy is a credit control measure adopted by the central bank of an economy. It deals with the demand and supply of money. Fiscal policy refers to the use of taxation and public expenditure by the government to stabilise the economy. A monetary policy aims at achieving full employment. Unemployment leads to wastage of potential and resources. Price stability is another goal of monetary policy. Changes in price levels lead to uncertainty in the economy. Achieving economic growth and maintaining a favourable balance of payments are some of the objectives of this policy. A fiscal policy aims at achieving full employment, stabilizing the price levels and growth rate of the economy, maintaining equilibrium in the balance of payments. It uses taxation to affect national income, output, prices etc. Monetary policy uses various instruments to achieve it’s goals. Open market operations, bank rate policy, selective credit controls, changes in reserve ratios are some of the instruments of monetary policy. Open Market Operations refers to sale and purchase of securities in money market by the central bank. Bank rate is the minimum lending rate of the central bank. When there is rise in prices, the central bank raises the bank rate and vice versa. Selective Credit Controls are used to influence specific types of credit for specific purposes. A monetary policy can be classified as an expansionary or a contractionary policy. In the former case, monetary policy is used to overcome a recession or deflationary gap. It generally happens when there is a reduction in demand for consumer goods or investment goods. To control this central bank starts an expansionary monetary policy that reduces credit market conditions and leads to upward shift in demand. In the later case, monetary policy is used to curtail aggregate demand. When the economy faces inflationary gap due to rise in demand for consumer goods and increase in business investment, the central bank increases the cost of bank credit. This is often done by selling government securities, rising discount rate etc. Similarly, fiscal policy can be classified as neutral, expansionary and contractionary. Neutral policy is usually undertaken when an economy is in equilibrium. In this instance, government spending is fully funded by tax revenue, which has a neutral effect on the level of economic activity. Expansionary policy is usually undertaken during recessions to increase the level of economic activity. In this instance, the government spends more money than it collects in taxes. Contractionary type of policy is undertaken to pay down government debt and to cap inflation. In this case, government spending is lower than tax revenue. Monetary and Fiscal policy both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Fiscal policy may sometimes result in a domino effect causing one problem to make another and repeat. Fiscal policy can also have issues with time lags. Although monetary policy is not very effective in a recession, it is flexible and works well to slow down the economy. Most people however, prefer fiscal over monetary because its brings low taxes and low interest rates. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/economics/fiscal-and-monetary-policy-economics-essay.php
We do not simply just inherit our parents’ skin complexion, eye colour, or height. We can also acquire our parents’ stories, narratives, and perspectives on life. There is a piece of them that lives on in us, whether we are conscious of it or not. While carrying on our family’s tradition is a good thing to do, there may be unaddressed tension and trauma to sift through and tidy up.
WHAT IS GENERATIONAL TRAUMA?
Generational trauma is exactly what the name implies: trauma that is passed down from one generation to the next. It can be subtle, hidden, and ambiguous, emerging via nuances and unwittingly taught or suggested throughout someone’s life from infancy onward.
Families with a record of unresolved trauma, depression, anxiety, and addiction can pass on ineffective coping techniques and suspicious views of life to subsequent generations. In this way, one might perpetuate the same behaviours and attitudes of previous generations, even if they’re healthy.
While generational trauma can impact anybody, individuals who have suffered major kinds of abuse, abandonment, torture, discrimination, and racial inequalities are at the greatest risk. Generational trauma has been studied in relation to Holocaust survivors, the Khmer Rouge atrocities in Cambodia, the Rwandan genocide, the relocation of American Indians, and the slavery of African Americans, among other things. While the evidence on how trauma manifests itself is varied, several studies have found increased rates of anxiety, sadness, and PTSD among trauma survivors and their offspring.
Trauma can cause poverty, poor parenting, decreased bonding, psychological distress, and insecure living conditions, all of which have a significant influence on children ’s development.
WAYS IN WHICH GENERATIONAL TRAUMA CAN AFFECT FAMILIES
Emotions could become a point of conflict across generations – Regardless of how the trauma is coped with, elder generations within a family set the tone for how traumatic events must be (and frequently are) dealt with. Unfortunately, the trauma is passed down through generations since those who needed assistance never received it. In some situations, the traumatised family member may even pass on bad feelings to others in the family.
Trauma can have an impact on the parent-child relationship – Individuals who have not gotten assistance and support for their trauma may establish unhealthy connections with their kid or grandchild. Emotional, psychological, or verbal abuse can all be signs of an unhealthy relationship. Abuse can be sexual or physical in severe situations.
Unaddressed mental issues could cause relationship conflict – It is well known that older people do not believe in seeking the assistance of mental health specialists. Members of the family suffering from mental health issues (depression, anxiety, psychotic symptoms, etc.) genuinely require assistance because untreated psychiatric symptoms can lead to more trauma and emotional instability within one’s family.
Younger generations may become “satisfied” with the way things are – If avoiding and denying ,and even embracing, the trauma becomes “normal” for the family, future generations will adopt this manner of “survival” and imitate the behaviours. People who avoid, downplay, or suppress family trauma exacerbate the situation for younger family members. We learn a lot about how to cope with stressful experiences.
HOW TO HEAL FROM GENERATIONAL TRAUMA
Many people do not realize their dysfunctional behavior because they are simply applying what they have learnt in the best way they know how to. The key to change is awareness. There can be no change unless you acknowledge that something is wrong in your family unit.
The first step is to recognise the patterns. Some are much more visible than others, such as domestic violence, abuse, anxiety, and gender norms.
The second stage is to become more conscious of what causes you to fall into these established patterns. Is it shouting, contempt, feeling undervalued, physical violence, or witnessing others bully? The list could go on and on.
The third stage is to become conscious of how you respond to triggers once you are aware of them. Do you shut down, get furious, get aggressive, or yell?
The fourth stage is to understand how to create constraints in such behaviors. Creating a trigger word or phrase that will assist you detect when you are following a pattern. Creating a support network in order to be held accountable.
Giving yourself love and time to heal is the fifth stage. These are behaviors which have been ingrained in us for a long time. Generational trauma doesn’t really heal in a day or a week. It takes some time.
In order to enhance these processes, enlisting the assistance of a professional is a wonderful choice. Sometimes when the trauma you experienced is so deeply ingrained in you that you need additional assistance.
Dear Zindagi by Gauri Shinde is an unrewarded masterpiece. The movie narrates the story of Kaira, a young lady in her 20’s who is financially independent and successful than most of the people of her age. It shows the importance of childhood in an individuals life, and how it can impact their adult life. It is a beautiful story of self-discovery and freedom from the three dangerous words- ‘Log kya kahenge’. To, accepting herself and her truth irrespective of anyone’s disagreement (After all YOLO).
As adults we often carry the burden of unhealed wounds from our childhood traumas. We might not be aware of their presence for years until they start reflecting upon our relationship with others, as we grow up. Similarly, Kaira did not have a normal childhood with a happy family. She had various scars of abandonment, shame, hate, jealousy from her past. At a very young age she was left to live with her grandparents for years, until she failed in the 2nd standard and had to move back with her parents as it was very shameful for them. As a child she was always considered to be the rude, moody and ill-mannered by her parents and relatives but no one ever asked her the reason, why she behaved the way she did.
It was only after her break-up that she started having sleep issues and realized she had to consult a psychologist. Dr. Jahangir Khan, the best therapist one could wish to bring out of the reel world, is played by Shahruk Khan. He is an empathetic, compassionate counsellor who guides Kiara in her journey of self-discovery. The lessons taught by him go way beyond the movie and can be applied in the real life. As children we are taught that wiping off our tears and hiding our emotions as it’s considered a sign of bravery whereas crying and showing our vulnerable side is considered to be a sign of weakness. However, in reality emotions are meant to be expressed, be it happiness or sorrow. Year’s of unexpressed emotions impact a person’s emotional health and later on express itself in the form of physical illness if not addressed.
Being a girl from the 21st century Kaira had to face various comments by the society which started to effect her self-worth. This is when Dr. Jahangir explained her the Chair Concept. So, when we buy a chair we look at different varieties of chair and make sure that the one we choose is comfortable for us and suits us. Then why not apply the same theory in choosing the right partner, after all he/she will be the person we decide to spend our entire life with.(And that surely has much more impact on our life than a chair, so why risk it)
The movie gives a simple yet deep message of self-love and self-discovery. It’s important for us to know and understand ourselves. The best way to know ourself is to go back and explore our childhood memories. Our childhood shapes our life in a way that we often don’t understand. It is only when we completely understand ourselves, we know what we want and what we deserve in life.
Top Trending Online Courses in 2021 [For Both Students & Working Professionals]:-
Professional certifications provide excellent avenues for developing your knowledge and skills. They can help you demonstrate your interests and potential to prospective employers while building your profile for lucrative job positions. There are many trending courses lockdown has made prominent once again, to guide and prepare candidates for modern workplaces. We have detailed some of these programs for you below.
Professional courses and certifications have many advantages. They can help you in:
Demonstrating your skills and gaining credibility
Enhancing technical knowledge and upskilling
Qualifying for senior-level jobs
Staying abreast of the latest trends
Acquiring experience and hands-on training
Table of Contents
Top Trending Online Courses
1. Data Science
2. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
3. Big Data
4. Business Intelligence
5. Cloud Computing
6. Project Management
7. Software Development
8. Full-stack development
9. Cybersecurity
10. Networking
11. DevOps
12. Digital Marketing
13. Blockchain
14. Internet of Things
15. Computer Science
Conclusion
Top Trending Online Courses
1. Data Science:-
Study programs in data science typically focus on big data analytics, data visualization, statistics, and predictive analytics. The curriculum is designed for individuals pursuing technical job positions, such as data scientists, data analysts, business analysts, and machine learning engineers.
Whether you are a fresher, a marketing professional, or a software engineer, data science knowledge can advance your career.
Usually, no prior coding experience is necessary for this course. If you have a bachelor level degree and a knack for numbers, you can enroll in a postgraduate level data science program. Many online options are also available, which provide accredited master degrees and diplomas in addition to placement support.
upGrad’s PG Certification in Data Science aims to equip working professionals with the following capabilities:
Python programming
Using Python and SQL for predictive analytics
Data visualization using Python, exploratory analytics, ML algorithms, and so on.
Upon completing the course, you earn a certificate from IIIT-Bangalore and get a chance to connect with a global community of data science professionals from diverse industries. The engaging pedagogy of upGrad courses includes case studies, projects, group coaching, and live sessions to provide personalized feedback and facilitate improvement.
2. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning:-
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are the exciting technologies of the 21st century. AI and ML certifications can help boost the careers of IT professionals who have a background in mathematical or statistical fields.
Such programs cover various programming languages, tools, and libraries to equip students with the required competencies. Examples of the technologies taught include Python, MySQL, AWS, Docker, Kubernetes, Keras, REST-API, etc. Moreover, learning opportunities would expand when the syllabus is delivered via videos and real-life industry projects.
upGrad offers an online Master of Science in ML & AI for working professionals looking to jump-start their careers. The degree is recognized by Liverpool John Moores University, a prestigious educational institution in the UK, and comes with access to LJMU’s digital library.
And you can attain this qualification at a tenth of the cost of the offline program. Alternatively, you can go for advanced certifications that allow you to specialize in Big Data, Cloud, Deep Learning, and NLP. These upGrad courses arrange for resume feedback, interview preparation, career counseling, and job assistance.
The skills you learn prepare you for lucrative job opportunities like Big Data Analyst, Data Engineer, Machine learning engineer, etc. Hiring partners include Amazon, Flipkart, Myntra, PayTM, Make My Trip, American Express, Accenture, Standard Chartered, Adobe, Genpact, MobiKwik, and many other leading companies.
3. Big Data:-
Big data certifications can help you go after more diverse roles than specific data science jobs. You can opt for different specializations depending on your background and career aspirations. Generally, learning tracks of big data certifications include:
Business Analytics
Data Engineer
Natural Language Processing
Deep Learning
Business Intelligence
For example, the PG Diploma in Data Science from IIIT-B is certified by NASSCOM and delivered in partnership with industry leaders like Actify, Zee5, Uber AI Labs, AIQRATE, Genpact, Flipkart, Myntra, and Gramener.
The course follows an integrated approach to teach you about different programming languages and tools. These include Python, Tableau, MS Excel, Hadoop, PySpark, Power BI, MongoDB, Keras, TensorFlow, AirFlow, and many others.
4. Business Intelligence:-
BI professionals put their numerical ability to work and solve real-world business problems. Their insights can translate into actionable metrics, leading to changes in planning, operations, product development, and strategic management.
Therefore, their primary responsibility is to maximize the use of data in an organization to direct it on the path of successful performance. Training in business intelligence can help IT professionals build aptitude in:
Data mining and analytics
Data visualization
Management reporting
Using Excel, SQL, R, Python, Spark, Hadoop, etc.
The Business Analytics Certification is one of the trending courses 2020 has drawn attention to, especially for those competing for business analyst and managerial roles.
You can also check out upGrad’s Executive MBA program from NMIMS Global Access School. The degree is AICTE-approved and incorporates a three-month capstone project and one-on-one interaction with industry mentors.
The faculty includes subject experts in Analytics, Marketing, Human Resources, Economics, Finance, and Supply Chain, and Operations. The MBA(X) course offers a Business Analytics specialization that qualifies for better job prospects in management consulting, business leadership, and growth and strategy roles.
5. Cloud Computing:-
Cloud computing is one of the top IT fields that is experiencing an emerging trend in 2020. As organizations around the world go after dynamic and scalable applications, the demand for cloud services is only going to rise.
While making the shift, companies encounter many technical challenges. So, having qualified people with domain expertise would be necessary. It is already a top IT job globally. Software developers can go for specialized programs in cloud computing to learn the following things:
Understanding of cloud migration and multi-cloud environments
Knowledge of serverless architecture
Cloud security skills
Building cloud-native technologies, virtual machines, microservices, etc.
PG Diploma in Software Development (cloud computing specialization) is suitable for engineering graduates who want to occupy titles like Cloud Developer, Cloud Architect, Cloud Administrator, and other similar positions.
6. Project Management:-
Project management is one of the trending courses 2020 has generated interest in, for both employers and aspirants. Project managers ensure that work assignments are delivered within time and budget constraints. They assign tasks to the concerned members, set deadlines, and drive the project team to achieve the desired goals.
Those in core IT careers can gain knowledge in this discipline by earning a project management certification or take admission in an MBA program. Nowadays, top universities are offering online degrees in partnership with industry players. The syllabus has everything from core management concepts to business communication to strategy and leadership.
You can consider applying to the online PG Program in Management from IMT Ghaziabad, one of India’s leading business schools. The course is structured to acquaint students with Sales and Distribution, Marketing Management, Business Economics, Organizational Behavior, Accounting and Finance, and Decision Sciences.
These subjects allow candidates to develop their managerial acumen for senior positions. Moreover, the live projects help navigate the entry into work life as they are presented in collaboration with companies like Vodafone M-Pesa, LinkedIn, HP Enterprise, and ITC.
7. Software Development:-
The primary duties of a software development job include designing, managing, and testing software applications. Being successful in this field requires efficiency in writing and implementing code. To build the necessary proficiencies, you can undertake training in Java programming, C programming, automation testing, SQL database, among other topics. Here are some of the job titles associated with this IT career:
Computer systems analyst
IT Coordinator
Network administrator
Systems architect
Computer and information research scientist
Junior software engineer
Senior programmer
Web developer
Online postgraduate degrees in software and technology are among the trending courses lockdown has made feasible. The MSc. in Computer Science from UK’s Liverpool John Moores University can get you the same quality and exposure in 18 months as any on-campus degree.
Moreover, you can choose from seven different specializations, interact with experienced professionals, and network with your fellow LJMU and IIIT-Bangalore alumni.
8. Full-stack development:-
Full-stack development is concerned with both front-end and back-end technologies. A typical full-stack development course would familiarize you with programming languages and tools like Spring, Java, Typescript, Oracle, Git, Hibernate, React, AWS, Selenium WebDriver, and so on. The extensive program structure prepares you to work as:
Full-stack developer
Back-end developer
UI developer
Senior web developer
IT manager
Technical operations officer
After gaining relevant experience and spending several years in the industry, you can occupy senior-level positions like Director of Technology and Chief Technology Officer.
If you are searching for industry-oriented education programs that prepare you to work in a similar domain, upGrad’s PG Diploma in Software Development would be an excellent choice. The specialized learning track in full-stack development would teach you how to create robust and scalable applications, replete with back-end APIs and an interactive web UIs.
This 12-month program is delivered in an online format, dedicating sufficient time for introductory modules, experiential learning activities, and a capstone project.
9. Cybersecurity:-
In recent years, the instances of data breaches and cyber attacks faced by companies have increased. In the wake of rising cyber crimes, the demand for security experts has also picked up. Most software development courses provide a specialized learning path for those interested in cyber security careers. Here is a snapshot of the skills taught in a postgraduate-level cyber security program:
Application security
Network security
Data secrecy and cryptography
Training in Python, Java, git, AWS, etc.
With upGrad and IIIT-B’s advanced PG Diploma, you can study cyber security in a way that goes beyond the classroom. This online software development course packages more than 400 content hours, six programming languages, over seven projects, and more than ten live sessions. In 12 months, you would learn, apply your skills, get mentored, and move ahead in your chosen career path.
10. Networking:-
Hardware and networking professionals build and maintain computer networks and ensure their smooth functioning, thus contributing to organizational success. Their job is not restricted to working behind the scenes on IT infrastructure but also involves aspects of analytics, security, and automation.
A professional credential in networking can serve as a testimonial of your competencies to hiring managers and make a strong first impression. One of the accredited courses that can help you obtain and improve your computer programming skills is Master’s in Data Science.
11. DevOps
As the title suggests, DevOps combines the Development and Operations arms of software applications. In today’s fast-paced marketplace, tech companies need to stay ahead of their competitors. And DevOps enables agile methods in software development. A DevOps-oriented study program would emphasize the following things:
Agile methodologies for integration and deployment
Creation and management of software lifecycle
Continuous deployment through CI/CD practices and many more.
To gain an in-depth understanding of the mentioned concepts, you can enroll in the specialized DevOps course, earning a software development diploma from IIIT-B and a data science certification from upGrad.
12. Digital Marketing:-
Digital marketing is an exciting subject for professionals like brand managers, sales personnel, entrepreneurs, and marketers. With increasing internet penetration and online activity, the scope of traditional marketing has also expanded. Digital marketing encompasses topics like Search Engine Optimization (SEO), content marketing, social media, and marketing analytics.
Some popular examples include PG Certification in Digital Marketing and Communication on upGrad. This online course is offered by MICA, a leading higher education institution in India.
13. Blockchain:-
Blockchain is a rapidly growing discipline capable of bringing about significant transformations in the fields of real estate, healthcare, finance, insurance, among several others. The syllabus of blockchain development certifications comprises Ethereum, Smart Contracts, Hyperledger, Composer, Javascript, NodeJS, Solidity, etc. A background in engineering, mathematics, or computer science is a prerequisite for this stream.
Blockchain is touted to be the disruptive technology that will dominate industries beyond 2020. Having a working knowledge of blockchain can prepare you for software development jobs and assist you in getting an accelerated start in business development, engineering, and operations.
You can also complete an advanced course while working. For instance, IIIT-B & upGrad’s PG Diploma in Software Development (Specialization in BlockChain) requires you to dedicate 10-14 hours per week for 12 months. At the end of the program, you would have learned over ten software tools and worked on business problems for clients like Quora, Imgur, and DCB Bank. Additionally, you would receive comprehensive career support in the form of job fairs, mock interviews, and dedicated mentorship.
14. Internet of Things:-
IoT enables the exchange of information between people, things, and processes. Examples of “things” include wearable health monitors, smart home security systems, wireless inventory trackers, biometric scanners, and other connected appliances.
According to IDC, there would be 41.6 billion connected IoT devices by 2025. The IT research agency forecasts that these devices would experience a compound annual growth rate or CAGR of 28.7 percent from 2018 to 2025. With every new connection, there would be possibilities of new security vulnerabilities and privacy concerns. So, companies adopting IoT would also have to take care of data hazards to maximize customer benefit.
Enrolling in an online IoT course can support your quest for knowledge and keep you engaged during the coronavirus pandemic. You would learn how to develop IoT solutions with the aid of sensors and other functions. After completing the training, you can apply for jobs like IoT developer, IoT architect, IoT cloud engineer, etc.
15. Computer Science:-
The program design of MSc. Computer Science consists of software development, primarily using languages like Java and Python. Online MCS programs allow you to select any specialization from full-stack development to big data to DevOps to Blockchain and IoT. Whether you hold a technical undergraduate degree or already working in an IT company, getting an advanced degree can improve your earning capability.
Recent studies have highlighted that certifications can help candidates stand out in the job market. Having completed a technical course in a specific domain can improve your chances of landing work or scoring a promotion. However, a certificate may not be enough to make a difference.
You would also have to seek out opportunities to gain industry experience and hands-on practice. Here, mentorship and live projects can prove immensely helpful. It is thus best to opt for programs that include such components in the curriculum.
Conclusion:-
With this, we have put across the most relevant and trending courses lockdown has brought to the fore. We attempted to make you aware of the available options and make an informed choice about your career. So, pick a certification that matches your needs and start learning.
5 Free Online Courses that you can take up from Home:-
1. Graphic Designing:-
If the sight of blank papers and sketch pens have always excited you and you spend most of your free time drawing and doodling, then it’s time to take your hobby to another level and learn graphic designing online. If you have a creative bend of mind especially when it comes to express ideas through sketching and designing, try your hands at Photoshop and other popular graphic designing software and learn to build creative websites and much more.
2. Online MBA:-
Online MBA programs are very popular these days especially for working professionals who couldn’t afford to pursue full time MBA. Online MBA programs are offered by various prestigious institutes. They have identical syllabus like that of a full time MBA programs, the only difference being that online MBA course are shorter and have flexible timings for the ease of working professionals.
3. Social Media Marketing:-
If you own a business, you need to to tell the world about it and what could be the best way to disseminate the information other than through social media? The promotion of your business online through social media channels like Facebook, Twitter etc is social media marketing and since everyone is social these days, what could be the best way to attract target audience if not through social media marketing?
4. Programming:-
Programming is a vital part of setting up a website. There are various programming language to learn from. Programmers basically code algorithms in programming languages to run a program successfully. If you are interesting in solving complex algorithms, learn programming online and help solving complex codes on back-end to smoothly run programs on front-end of a website.
6. Foreign Language Courses:-
Learning foreign language can add brownie points to your CV. Additionally, it will help you to improve your vocabulary and interacting skills. With online courses on offer, learning any foreign language of your choice is no more a distant dream. So enroll yourself to your favorite foreign language courses soon. Leaning foreign language can also help you to bag the job of a translator.
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