PANCHAYAT – A REVIEW

The 2020 comedy – drama, Hindi web series Panchayat is a social commentary on the prevailing system in most part of rural India. As the title, the plot revolves around a Pnnchayat office in a remote village called Phulera. Abhishek Tripathi is a fresh engineering graduate who didn’t got placement in his final year. As he got this job opportunity as the panchayat secretary, he decides to give an attempt, as there are no other options left after his graduation. The series opens with his arrival at Phulera and meets former village Sarpanch who is the husband of current village Sarpanch, the deputy sarpanch and his assistant. Through a series of funny episodes, the director shows the present condition of the panchayat office, the people and the ruling system. Jitendra is working to crack CAT so that he can switch his job. The first season of Panchayt consists of eight episodes named “Gram Panchayat Phulera”, “Bhootha ped”, “Chakke wali Kursi”, “Hamara Neta Kaisa Ho?”, “Computer Nahi Monitor”, “Bahot Hua Samman”, “Ladka Tez Hai Lekin”, and “Jab Jago Tabhi Seva”. Each episodes carry sarcastic portrayal of the Panchayat, such as the issue of solar plantation and the revolving chair. Sarpanch feels diminished in the eyes of villageres, because of not possessing a revolving chair like that of the secretary. A poorly phrased slogan for the family planning leads to a chain of events later.

The script, actors, characters and situations are well connected. The system of village politics, the low level corruption, simple lifestyle, the role of women in politics, kindheartedness of villagers are presented in a realistic manner. The present woman Panchayat secretary is the perfect example for the role of women in Indian politics. Even though she is a representative , as part of women reservation, the power is still in the hands of her husband. The performance of Jitendra Kumar, Neena Gupta, Raghubir Yadav and other artists made the series more realistic and gained many critical acclamation.

Finding the motivation to work harder.

Our society often requires us to work harder. Anything that we want to achieve needs our dedication towards it and hardwork. But we don’t often burn the midnight oil for the test that’s soon to be taken. Or we don’t give our best in the jobs we have. Leaving us dissatisfied and troubled for a while. We have all been there. Maybe now is the time to motivate yourself to work harder, and reap the fruits that you deserve. 

Motivating yourself to work harder shouldn’t be a short term boost that you experience after listening to some motivational speaker. It should be your lifestyle. 

Here are some of the ways you can motivate yourself to work harder. 

The task could be easier than you think.

An effective way of convincing yourself to work harder is to change your perception about the task. Maybe it is not that hard, after all. Shift your focus from the level of difficulty to the feeling of accomplishment you might feel upon finishing the task in hand. It isn’t really fun to have it easy in life. Facing challenges makes you feel better and feel more capable. 

You are way more in control than you think. 

Although you cannot control the circumstances. You can control what you choose to do with your time. With proper planning and adequate help from people, you can finish your tasks one by one. Leaving you with less guilt and stress by the end of the day and a sense of accomplishment. 

As they work harder, so do you. 

When you surround yourself with people who work hard, you will also be motivated to work hard. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if peer pressure influenced you to work hard on the important things in life? Join forces with people who influence you to work hard and help you during the process. 

No human is an island! We all need to be motivated and helped by people around us to work harder. 

Break your assignments into smaller fragments!

Writing an assignment with a word limit of 3,000 words does seem like a daunting task! But writing a few words everyday, way before the due date can ensure that you do a small portion of the task each day and still finish the assignment of 3,000 words on time. 

Never fail to celebrate your small victories while you prepare for the bigger success. Although the win may seem small, their accumulation results in bigger accomplishments. Bearing this in mind motivates you to work harder. 

Train to focus.

Focusing on a task, helps you to finish it more efficiently and faster. Thus, motivating you to work harder on the important things in life. Distractions can cause delay and lack of efficiency, which leads to lack of motivation and interest in completing your tasks. 

It is advisable to set a time period and distance yourself from everything else apart from the resources required to accomplish a task. Perhaps, you can set a time limit for the distracting elements or use it as a reward for your small wins!

Why are you doing what you are doing?

Since you are already doing what you are doing and you need the motivation to work harder on it. It is essential to remind yourself of why you are doing what you are doing. It could be because you are passionate about it, or you want to make a better future for yourself, or maybe even because you are bored and have nothing else to do. 

The ‘why’ behind the task you are doing, often acts as a driving force that motivates you to work harder on the same. 

Finally, bring in some positivity!

Although, positivity is a term that is already being used a tedious number of times. It must be reiterated once again because of its significance. One cannot carry on with a task in hand while having a negative attitude. We are faced with unfortunate circumstances sometimes or we become weary due to our responsibilities. It’s wiser to take a day or two off from your assignments and challenges during such occasions and do things that comfort you. 

Start again with a positive outlook over your life. You will indeed feel motivated to work harder. 

So there you go! These are some points covered that can motivate you to work harder. Do mention in the comment box if any technique inspired you or motivated you to work harder. 

SOCIAL MEDIA AND IT’S ROLE IN SOCIETY

Social media plays vital role in present society.It become one of the daily necessary activity.Social media is typically used for social interaction and access to news and information, and decision making. It is a valuable communication tool with locally and worldwide, as well as to share, create, and spread information.Social media enables its users to stay in contact by making communication easier. Sharing pictures, videos, expressing thoughts, ideas, and documents are just one click away. Exchanging messages and data from one corner of world to other is made easiest with the help of social media.The term social media refers to a computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts, and information through virtual networks and communities. Social media is internet-based and gives users quick electronic communication of content, such as personal information, documents, videos, and photos.

The negative effects of mass media on society can lead people towards poverty, crime, nudity, violence, bad mental and physical health disorders and others as such severe outcomes. For example mob hitting innocents by getting carried away from the rumors spread on the internet has been common.Social media, or more specifically news media- plays an important role in democratic societies because they allow for participation among citizens.when it comes to healthy democratic networks, it is crucial that that news remains true so it doesn’t affect citizens levels of trust.Eighty-six percent (86%) of people use social media at least once per day, including 72% who use it multiple times per day. Social media is so popular because it allows people to manage and accomplish their everyday activities. Social media is a great way to connect with people who you may not see all the time. It’s also great for making friends. Social media helps you build connections with kids who have the same interests. It is a quick way for people to get to know each other, even if they’re living across the world from one another.

“Don’t use social media to impress people use it to impact people”.

The Upper Paleolithic World

Introduction

After about 40,000 years ago, we see many significant changes in the archaeological record, reflecting important changes in cultural and social life. We see art, many new inventions, and considerable increases in the population. This period of cultural history in Europe, the Near East, and Asia is known as the Upper Paleolithic and dates from about 40,000 years ago to the period known as the Neolithic (beginning about 10,000 years ago, depending on the area). In Africa, the cultural period comparable to the Upper Paleolithic is known as the Later Stone Age and many have begun much earlier.

In many respects, lifestyles during the Upper Paleolithic were similar to lifestyles before. People were still mainly hunters, gatherers, and fishers who probably lived in small mobile bands. They made their camps out in the open in skin-covered huts and in caves and rock shelters. And they continued to produce smaller and smaller stone tools.

But the Upper Paleolithic is also characterized by a variety of new developments. One of the most striking developments is the emergence of art – painting on cave walls and stone slabs, and carving tools, decorative objects, and personal ornaments out of bone, antler, shell and stone. (Perhaps for this, as well as other purposes, people began to obtain materials from distant sources.) Because more archaeological sites date from the Upper Paleolithic than from any previous period and some Upper Paleolithic sites seem larger than any before, many archaeologists think that the human population increased considerably during the Upper Paleolithic. And the new inventions, such as the bow and arrow, the spear thrower, and tiny replaceable blades that could be fitted into handles, appear for the first time.

The Last Ice Age

The Upper Paleolithic world had an environment very different from today’s. The earth was gripped by the last ice age, with glaciers covering Europe as far south as Berlin and Warsaw, and North America as far south as Chicago. To the south of these glacial fronts was a tundra zone extending in Europe to the Alps and in North America to the Ozarks, Appalachians, and well out onto the Great Plains. Environmentally, both Europe and North America probably resembled contemporary Siberia and northern Canada. Elsewhere in the world conditions were not as extreme but were still different from conditions today.

For one thing, the climate was different. Annual temperatures were as much as 50 °F below today’s, and changes in ocean currents would have made temperature contrasts (i.e., the differences between summer and winter months) more extreme. The changing ocean currents also changed weather patterns, and Europe experienced heavy annual snowfall. Not all the world was cold, however; still, the presence of huge ice sheets in the north changed the climate throughout the world. North Africa, for example, appears to have been much wetter than today, and South Asia was apparently drier. And everywhere the climate seems to have been highly variable.

Upper Paleolithic Europe

With the vast supplies of meat available from megafauna, it is not surprising that many Upper Paleolithic cultures relied on hunting, and this was particularly true of the Upper Paleolithic people of Europe, on whom we focus here. Their way of life represents a small pattern throughout the Old World. But as people began to use more diverse resources in their environments, the use of local resources allowed Upper Paleolithic groups in much of the Old World to become more sedentary than their predecessors. They also began to trade with neighbouring groups to obtain resources not available in their local territories.

Reference : Anthropology by Ember and Ember

Proper Nutrition for Growing Children

By – Supriya

Growing child needs a complete mix of balanced diet for proper growth of body and mind. As children grow, there is an increased interest and participation in other activities , which compete with mealtimes . Healthy children with proper nutrition exude more self confidence , have higher energy levels and are more alert than malnourished children. Growing child requires proteins and carbohydrates for developing muscles and bones, and vitamins and minerals to build the immune system to facilitate proper growth. Proteins help build muscles and strength of the body. Calcium is required for developing bones, in absence of which a child will have weak bones. Active children burn a lot of calories every day because they play more; for these children adequate proportion of carbohydrates is also required on daily basis. Vitamins are essential to the growing body; they help with digestion , energy, immunity, alertness, cell division and growth. Vitamin A is good for eyes , Vitamin C helps boost the immune system, fight stress, and keep skin, hair and nails healthy and Vitamin D is important for strong bones, and teeth. Iodine helps prevent developmental delays and iron is essential because it is a carrier of oxygen throughout the body and gives mental alertness. The Recommendation Dietary Allowance ( RDAs) represent levels of intake of essential nutrients that , on the basis of scientific knowledge ,are judged by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences, to be adequate to meet the nutrient needs of practically all healthy persons . Normally a child between 15-18 years needs around 2500 calories every day for his energy requirement on daily basis, depending on his age and activity level. While a girl requires 44 grams of protein per day, dietary requirements of proteins for a school going boy is around 56 grams. Even fats should be included in the diet but unsaturated fats instead of saturated fats should be preferred. In addition , consumption of Vital vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre and water is also essential . In fact , school going children between 14- 18 years old require more calcium and iron than adults to meet skeletal growth demand and adequate blood volume.

Since no single food group can nourish the body with all the vital ingredients it requires, it is important to consume a veriety of healthy foods to derive the nutrition the body needs . Food groups that can be consumed to fulfill nutritional requirement are fruits , vegetables ,cereals and pulses, dairy products , poultry, fish and meat products. The best sources of carbohydrates – whole grains , rice and brown bread – promote good health and also provide vitamins , minerals , fiber , and a host of other important nutrients. Protein is abundantly found in milk , fish, meat and pulses. Milk is also required for supplementing calcium requirements of the body. Green vegetables and fruits are prime sources of vitamin A, vitamin C , iron , vitamin E and fibres. Instead of butter , biscuits or fried foods , fatty fish, walnuts , and canola oil can be tried ,as apart from fats they are also good source of omega -3 fatty acids.

Breakfast gives an opportunity to refuel the body after sleep , and benefits of healthy breakfast cannot be ignored , especially for students . A good healthy breakfast should have enough protein to keep one feeling full and to support muscle . Oat meal, fruit juice, soya milk , papaya , almonds, bananas, and sandwiches with stuffing of vegetables are all healthy and tasty options. A cup of dry cereal – whole grain and not overly sweetened – is also a good alternative. Lunch is also important for children as it gives them the stamina for problem solving and better memory during learning hours at school. Carbohydrates rich lunch comprising of chapattis ,rice,curd, vegetables like turnip green, sea vegetables , sweet potatoes , animal lever, fish, pumpkin, soya, pulses or salad can be given. Dinner should include less carbohydrates and more protein and roughage. Soups, grilled chicken breast, brown rice , broccoli, spinach , beans, peas, cabbage,carrots,tomatoes, pulses or similar such things would make for a great low – calorie dinner. It is important to encourage healthy habits in children so that their intake of nutrients for energy and development is optimum. A healthy balanced diet comprising all essential nutrients – carbohydrates , proteins, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and water will ensure that the child grows to full potential.

THANKYOU! .. ..

NANOTECHNOLOGY

Nanotechnology, also shortened to nanotech, is the use of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale for industrial purposes.

WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter on a near-atomic scale to produce new structures, materials and devices. Nanotechnology is generally defined as engineered structures, devices, and systems. Nanomaterials are defined as those things that have a length scale between 1 and 100 nanometers.

NANOTECHNOLOGY USED IN:-

* Food security. Nanosensors in packaging can detect salmonella and other contaminants in food.


* Medicine.


* Energy.


* Automotive.


* Environment.


* Electronics.


* Textiles.


* Cosmetics.

IS NANOTECHNOLOGY THE FUTURE:-

Nanotechnology is an emerging science which is expected to have rapid and strong future developments. It is predicted to contribute significantly to economic growth and job creation in the EU in the coming decades. According to scientists, nanotechnology is predicted to have four distinct generations of advancement.

NANO MEDICENE:-

Nanomedicine — the application of nanomaterials and devices for addressing medical problems — has demonstrated great potential for enabling improved diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of many serious illnesses, including cancer, cardiovascular and neurological disorders, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes.

Prime Minister’s Ten Point Agenda on Disaster Risk Reduction

 PM 10 point

 

Sl No. Agenda Point
1 All development sectors must imbibe the principles of disaster risk management▼

Explanation
Development and Disasters are two sides of a coin. While a planned development can reduce the risks of disasters, the absence of proper planning can aggravate them. It is, therefore, essential to imbibe disaster risk reduction approach in all development schemes. Development should focus on reducing disaster risks and not create them.▲
2 Risk coverage must include all, starting from poor households to SMEs to multi-national corporations to nation states▼

Explanation

Disasters result in loss of lives and damages to properties and assets. Those who survive face the challenges of their rehabilitation. This applies to all from poor households to SMEs to multi-nationals.
It is necessary to think big and innovatively to widen the risk insurance cover. Some bold steps have been taken to ensure financial inclusion and risk insurance for the poorest.
Government has some schemes having risk coverage in consideration which include Jan Dhan Yojana, Suraksha Bima Yojana, Fasal Bima Yojana (crop insurance) etc. 
There is a need for:

  • Development of disaster insurance mechanisms for home-owners in disaster prone area
  • Development of parametric insurance for weather and climate related disasters
  • Develop insurance products to cover major infrastructure projects▲
3  Women’s leadership and greater involvement should be central to disaster risk management▼

Explanation
It is necessary to encourage greater involvement and leadership of women in disaster risk management to support special needs of women affected by disasters. Women are generally seen as vulnerable to disasters. But women can play an important role in disaster risk reduction at the household, society, community and beyond. We need large number of women volunteers, engineers, masons and building artisans to participate in post-disaster reconstruction and promote women self-help groups which can assist in livelihood recovery. There is a need to include women in NDRF and SDRF, and to train elected women representatives at the local level under development.▲
4 Invest in risk mapping globally to improve global understanding of Nature and disaster risks▼

Explanation
Disasters know no boundary. Many natural hazards impact across countries, so there is a need for better understanding of such risks at global level. With a shared understanding of the nature and severity of disaster risks globally, their impacts can be mitigated with better planning and preparedness. This requires undertaking multi-hazard risk assessments and developing maps for all major hazards in a standardized format to facilitate disaster risk reduction.▲
5 Leverage technology to enhance the efficiency of disaster risk management efforts▼

Explanation
Efforts must be made to leverage technology to enhance the efficiency of our disaster risk management efforts. This requires use of technology in resource planning, e.g., India Disaster Resources Network (IDRN), creation of e-platform to map expertise and resources on highly specialized aspects of disaster response and to increase the efficacy of early warning systems for all major hazards through the application of technology.▲
6 Develop a network of universities to work on disaster-related issues▼

Explanation
It will be helpful to develop a network of universities and academic institutions to work on disaster-related aspects. As part of this network, different universities could specialize in multi-disciplinary research on disaster issues most relevant to them.▲
7 Utilise the opportunities provided by social media and mobile technologies for disaster risk reduction▼

Explanation
Utilize the opportunities provided by social media and mobile technologies to develop a social media strategy for Disaster Risk Management in the country. Social media is transforming disaster response. It is helping response agencies in quickly organizing themselves and enabling citizens to connect more easily with authorities.▲
8 Build on local capacity and initiative to enhance disaster risk reduction▼

Explanation
Disaster management must build on local capabilities and initiatives. The task of disaster risk management, particularly in rapidly growing economies, is so huge that formal institutions of the state can at best be instrumental in creating the enabling conditions. Specific actions have to be designed and implemented locally. Such efforts reduce risk and create opportunities for local development and sustainable livelihoods. Localization of disaster risk reduction will also ensure that good use is made of the traditional best practices and indigenous knowledge.▲
9 Make use of every opportunity to learn from disasters and, to achieve that, there must be studies on the lessons after every disaster▼

Explanation
Ensure that the opportunity to learn from a disaster is not wasted. After every disaster there is a need to undertake research studies to understand the best practices and learn lessons to improve the policy and disaster governance.▲
10 Bring about greater cohesion in international response to disasters▼

Explanation
Disasters’ impacts are huge and so are the needs to be prepared for and respond strategically. Across the globe, countries face disasters similar in nature and sometimes across the countries. It requires coordinated and unified response by affected countries. Pre-disaster planning and preparedness can result in effective and timely response, hence it is important to bring about greater cohesion in international response to disasters. International forums and protocols should be used in addressing disaster risks for effective and coordinated response.▲

India announces it’s first two cases of newly emerged Omicron Virus

Possibly, the worst covid variant named Omicron has been discovered in South Africa and has already spread to many other countries namely United Kingdom, Netherlands, Italy, Australia, Hong Kong and many others including India.The highly contagious virus Omicron was reported to WHO by South Africa on november 24 and has been designated as “Variant of Concern”. India reported it’s very first two cases of the virus on thursday itself in Karnataka. The Health ministry said that the patients are 66 and 46 years and no severe symptoms have been identified so far. Karnataka Chief Minister Basavraj Bommai said on thursday that the state will issue new covid guidelines and have been testing international travellers coming from at-risk countries after two people were detected with being affected with the virus. As part of new guidelines, the centre has made it mandatory to have a negative RT-PCR report for travellers coming from other countries. After India confirmed two omicron cases of the coronavirus in Karnataka on Thursday, there is some good news waiting in the wings. Government data shows that the Narendra Modi-led central government’s door-to-door vaccination drive, ‘Har Ghar Dastak’, has been able to boost Covid-19 vaccinations. With more and more people getting jabbed in the country, it might help in boosting people’s morale as the whole nation gears up to fight against the newly founded strain “Omicron”.

C.V.RAMAM

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman FRS was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering. Using a spectrograph that he developed, he and his student K. S. Krishnan discovered that when light traverses a transparent material, the deflected light changes its wavelength and frequency.He was born in 7th November 1888 in Thiruvanaikoil, Tiruchirappalli His parents was R. Chandrasekhar Iyer, Parvathi Ammal.He did his education in st Aloysius Anglo Indian High school, presidency College.

C.V.Raman Theory proposed a theory that when light that shines through a material is scattered and its wavelength changes from that of the original incident light because of its interactions with the molecules in the material.This is also called as Raman effect.C.V. Raman is also known as Chandrashekhara Venkata Raman. He was a man of brilliant mind who has done his matriculation at the age of 11 and 12th class at the age of 13. Let us solve an interesting quiz on Dr. C.V. Raman which throws light on his life and inventions done by him.07-Nov-2019

He received many awards,

* 1928-Matteucci medal.

* 1930-Hughes medal.

* 1930-Nobel prize in physics.

* 1941-Franklin medal.

* 1954-Bhart ratna.

* 1957-Lenin peace prize.