Tag: India

NATIONAL mean a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state. CITIZEN is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people. the rights of a free citizen SUBJECT implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch. the king’s subjects NATIONAL designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state.

Water

Water is the basic needs of the individual for the Survival. Some of the things like oxygen, water, food are very essential for the individual to live. After the oxygen, water is very much important for the individual survival and for the whole environment as well. Water is used in the daily basis for many of the activities like drinking, cleaning, watering, and also for some of the electric purposes etc.

There are plenty of water in the seas but there is no use of them. Because, all the seawater are salty and not food for drinking purpose. They can be made for drinking by some of the beautification methods which takes lots of processes and also the time. Scarcity of the water is not only the India’s problem but also the global problem.

If the wasteage of water is continued in the same way, there will be a day where no water can be found for drinking purposes and for some of the utility purposes. Most of the people waste water without any need. Using water for the purposes are all good but Wasting the water without any reason is a bad habit that an individual must not develop. It is very easy to waste water rather than saving the drop.

The main sources of water are surface water, ground water and rain water.

Importance of water :

Water is very important to the human body. Every one of your cells,organs and tissues use water to help with temperature regulation, keeping hydrated and maintaining bodily functions. In addition, water acts as a lubricant and cushions your joints. Driniking water is great for your overall health. Because your body loses water through breathing, sweating, and digestion, it’s important to rehydrate by drinking fluids and eating foods that contain water.

Water delivers important nutrients to all of our cells,especially muscle cells, postponing muscle fatigue. Water helps weight loss. Water helps you feel full longer,without adding any additional calories.

Benefits of Drinking water :

* Increases Energy & Relieves Fatigue. Since your brain is mostly water, drinking it helps you think, focus and concentrate better and be more alert.

* promotes weight loss.

* Flushes out Toxins.

* Improves skin complexion

* Maintains Regularity.

Best source of water :

1. Watermelon – water content : 92%

2. Strawberries – water content : 91%

3.cantaloupe – water content : 90%

4.peaches – water content : 89%

5.oranges – water content : 88%

6. Skim Milk – water content : 91%

7. Cucumber – water content : 95%

8. Lettuce – water content : 96%

9. Broths and soups – water content : 92%

10. Zucchini – water content : 94%

11. Celery – water content : 95%

12. Plain yogurt – water content: 88%

13. Tomatoes – water content : 94%

14. Bell peppers – water content : 92%

15.cauliflower – water content : 92%

16. Cabbage – water content : 92%

17. Grape fruit – water content : 88%

18. Coconut water- water content : 95%

19. Cottage cheese – water content: 80%

Disadvantages of water :

It is said that too much consumption of water can lead to fluid overload in the body and imbalance in the body. Excess water can lead it lower sodium levels in the body, which may further lead to nause, vomthing, cramps, fatigue. This condition is known as hyponatremia.

The best method to save water is to use in limited amounts. That is, to limit the water without wasting much water.

RATH YATRA

Rath Yatra is a Hindu festival associated with Lord Jagannath. It is held at Puri in the state of Odisha, India. It is the oldest rath yatra in the whole world, and it’s description can be found in Brahma Purana, Padma purana, etc. It is among the most famous Vaishnavite rituals in India and abroad, so, usually witnessed much fervour and enthusiasms among devotees who come to pray- Lord Jagannath, Lord Babhadra and Lordess Subhadra.

For the festival, in the Lord Jagannath Puri Rath Yatra, special chariots are built every year, and this year has been no different. But, this year due to corona restrictions, no devotee’s are allowed during the most awaited Rath Yatra, even though Lord Jagannath is one of the principal deities in the state of Odisha. Though, this year the chariot pullers who had participated in the procession had been tested Covid-19 negative and had been fully vaccinated before the festival.

Obesity

Obesity is described by the BMI (Body mass index). The obesity in the body is nothing but the high level of fat stored in the body. It is a very bad thing which in future leads to many health problems.

Many of the children are falling obese now a days. This is because of not having good food. Many of the children are highly addicted to the junk food. The junk food intake in the body increases the fat levels in the body.

A disorder involving excessive body fat that increases the risk of health problems. Obesity often results from takingin more calories than are burned by exercise and normal daily activities.

Symptoms:

Obesity occurs when a person’s body mass index is 25 or greater . The excessive body fat increses the risk of serious health problems.

What causes obesity?

Obesity is generally caused by eating too much and moving too little. If you consume high amounts of energy , particularly fat and sugars, but do not burn off the energy through exercise and physical activity, much of the surpluse energy will be stored by the body as fat.

8 Most common causes of obesity :

* physical inactivity.

* overeating.

* Genetics.

* A diet high in simple carbohydrates.

* A frequency of eating .

* Medications.

* psychological factors.

* Diseases such as hypothyroidism, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and caushing’s syndrome are also contributors to obesity.

Let us now look at some methods to prevent obesity.

*Healthy and nutritious food :

It is very important to consume healthy and nutritious food every day. To gain a sufficient amount of nutrients and and to be healthy it is very important to consume nutritious food. Consuming nutritious food helps us to gain sufficient energy. Being healthy prevents us from Many deadly diseases.

*Exercise :

Exercising at least for 10 to 15 minutes a day help the individual to be physically fit and also mentally strong. Exercising every day is a very good habit which everyone need to make it and perfect habit to do. Exercising 10 to 15 minutes also relieves us from the stress and the tension we have had. So, it is better to spend at least 10 to 15 minutes even in our hectic schedule an exercise.

* yoga :

Yoga relives from the stress and tension we have had. Sparing at least 10 to 15 minutes time on yoga benefit is a lot. It relaxes the muscle and comes to mind. It helps to be physically fit and mentally strong. All the asanas and pranayama helps to Gain strength and to be physically fit.

*Meditation :

Meditating for certain minutes helps to calm the brain and soul. It helps and relieving the stress and the tension we have had. It helps us to focus on the things which we are willing to do. It also equally helps us to be mentally strong. It is such a good and a mandatory practice an individual must obtain and must follow without any delays.

* Monitor your weight regularly.

* Be consistent.

Who obese people?

BMI is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by the square of their height in metres. A BMI of 25.0 – 29.9 is classified as overweight but not obese, while a BMI of 30.0 or over is classified as obese. A BMI of graeter than 35.0 is classified as severely obese.

Adult BMI calculator

BMI WEIGHT STATUS

Below 18.5 underweight

18.5 – 24.9 Normal

25.0- 29.9 overweight

30.0 and above obese

The negative effect of obesity :

Obesity is serious beacause it is associated with poorer mental health outcomes and reduced quality of life. Obesity is also associated with the leading causes of death in the united states and worldwide, including ,diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer.

Yoga

Yoga is also equally important to be mentally calm. Practicing 15 minutes of yoga is so beneficial. All the asanas helps to get stronger muscles with the fitter body and good lifestyle with mental calmness. Yoga relives from the stress and tension we have had. Sparing at least 10 to 15 minutes time on yoga benefit is a lot. It relaxes the muscle and calms the mind. It helps to be physically fit and mentally strong. All the asanas and pranayama helps to Gain strength and to be physically fit.

It helps to be fitter and healthier. It helps to have a healthy lifestyle. Exercise helps to have healthy muscles and it also helps in weight loss who is suffering from obesity and excessive weight. Exercise is the healthy habit that must be added in the healthy lifestyle and must be practiced without any delay.

Exercising, meditation, yoga etc. are great things to regain the strength and to be fitter and also happy.

Types of yoga :

Bhakti yoga :

Bhakti yoga, also called Bhakti marga, is a spiritual path or spiritual practice within Hinduism focused on loving devotion towards any personal deity. It is one of the three paths in Hinduism which lead to moksha, the other paths being jnana yoga and karma yoga.The tradition has ancient roots.

The purpose of bhakti yoga is the practitioners of Bhakti yoga ,known as bhaktas, or loving devotees, express their religious devotion through prayer, ritual, and chanting. Their purpose is to develop feelings of unconditional love and devotion

Karma yoga :

Karma yoga, also called karma marga, is one of the three spiritual paths in Hinduism, one based on the “yoga of action”, the others being jnana yoga and Bakti yoga.

Patanjali Ashtanga yoga :

The eight limbs of of yoga is patanjali’s classification of classical yoga, as set out in his yoga sutras. He defined the eight limbs as yamas (abstinences), niyama ( observances), asana ( postures), pranayama (breathing) , pratyahara ( withdrawal), dharana ( concentration), dhyana (meditation), and samadhi( absorption).

The eight limbs form a sequence from the outer to the inner. Postures, important, in modern yoga as exercise, form one limb of patanjalis scheme; he states only that they must be steady and comfortable.

Jnana yoga :

Jnana yoga , also known as jnana marga, is one of the three spiritual paths in Hinduism, which emphasizes the ” path of knowledge”, also known as the ” path of self- realization”. It is one of the three classical paths for moksha. The other two are karma yoga and bhakti yoga.

Swara yoga :

Swara yoga is an ancinet tantric science which involves the systematic study of the breath flow thriugh the nostrils irrelation to the prevalling phases of the moon,time of day and direction. Mainly practiced through the connection of breath and movement, swara yoga creates levels of harmoney that are difficult to reach with other yoga styles. Our main tool is the movement and flow of body through the postures, guided by the breath.

Raja yoga :

In sanskrit, Raja yoga was both the goal of yoga and a method to attain it. The term also became a modern name for the practice of yoga in the 19th century when swami vivekananda gave his interpretation of the yoga sutras of patanjali in his book raja yoga

Kriya yoga :

Kriya yoga is a simple, psycho – physiological method by which the human blood is decarbonized and recharged with oxygen. The atmos of this extra oxygen are transmuted into life current to rejuvenate the brain and spinal centers.

Advanatges of yoga :

* yoga improves strength, balance and flexibility.

* yoga helps with back pain relief.

* yoga benefits heart health.

* yoga relaxes you, to help you sleep better.

* yoga can mean more energy and brighter moods.

* yoga helps you manage stress.

Disadvanatages of yoga :

* yoga may induce your blood pressure.

* phsical dangers of yoga

* Risk of strike.

* Hot yoga is not for eveyone.

* lack of experience or knowledge is risky.

Every Indian should be mindful of the potential ten Laws and Rights

The Indian judicial system has bestowed a great deal of authority on the citizens of the country to guard their basic rights. Regrettably, not everyone is aware of their rights and power. As an Indian citizen, it is critical that you are knowledgeable with the country’s laws and rights that not only protect people’s interests but also make our lives easier. Below providing 10 rights and liabilities that everyone should be aware of:-

1.If your cylinder bursts, you are entitled to a 40-lakh insurance payout.

According to the legislation, all registered LPG users are entitled to a Rs 40 lakh insurance policy in the event of death or property damage caused by cylinder explosions. This is a blanket for the whole family. But however, this is partly true as reported, the insurance coverage is not Rs 40 lakh. The court decides the amount according to the victim’s age, salary and other conditions. To claim this compensation, customers must file a FIR with the nearest police station and send it to the gasoline business in question.

2. Motor Vehicle Act 1988

Sections 185 and 202 of the Motor Vehicle Act of 1988 provide that if your 100ml blood contains more than 30mg of alcohol while driving, the police can arrest you without a warrant.

3. Women can only be arrested by female cops.

Only female officers have the authority to arrest women, and they must remain at the police station the whole time. If only male cops have arrived for the arrest, women have the right not to attend to the station. Male police officers should obtain a formal authorization from the magistrate to escort the lady in the event of a serious offence.

4. Section 46 of Criminal Procedure Code- Before sundown, women should be detained.

Women must be detained before sundown, no lady can’t be arrested earlier than 6 A.M. and after 6 P.M.

5. In hotels, you can ask for water and use the restroom for free under the Indian Sarais Act of 1887.

A person is permitted by law to request free water from any hotel. Even if you are not a client, you can use a hotel’s toilet for free even if it’s a 5 star hotel.

6. Domestic Violence Act of 2005:

In today’s time live-in relationships are so common because of which this law becomes extremely important to know about. Under this act, It is not illegal for a young boy and a young girl to live together in a “live-in relationship.” Even the baby from this connection is a legal son or daughter who has full ownership of his or her father’s possessions.

7. Maternity profit act of 1961

No company can fire a pregnant woman under the Maternity Profit Act of 1961. It might result in a maximum sentence of three years in jail.

If the company (government or private) employs more than ten people, the pregnant woman is entitled to 84 days of paid maternity leave.

8. Section 129 of motor vehicle act

Part 129 of the Indian Motor Automobile Act states that two-wheeler users must wear a helmet. Part 128 of the Motor Vehicle Act sets a maximum of two riders per motorcycle. This regulation also states that if a traffic cop takes something from a car or motorcycle, it is illegal. You have entire authority to file a legal proceeding against the officer.

9. The Most Retail Value Act of 2014

It states that a storekeeper cannot charge more than the written value of a product, but a shopper has the option to pay less than the stated value of a commodity.

10. Part -13 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

It states that any husband or wife may file for divorce in a court of law on the grounds of adultery (a physical relationship outside of marriage), impotency, leaving home without notice, changing Hindu faith and adopting a different faith, madness, incurable illness, and no information about the husband or wife.

Population is the cause of inequality?

Uttar Pradesh or UP is one of the largest states in India, and with a population of more than 22 crores(220 million), it would probably be the 5th most populous country in the world if independent following only China, India, US and the UK. This means that UP should have the resources to support such large population fiscally, in terms of proper remuneration and security. Research proves otherwise. And so, on the occasion of the World Population Day, Uttar Pradesh announced the two children policy in a bid to control the population of the state which has had a fertility rate more than the ideal 2.1 for decades now.

UP on a map of India — **UP is the most populous Indian State with 22 crore or 220 million people**

However, there is a question that stands above all the policies that are to be enacted by the governments – is population really the main problem? And will controlling population be the answer to all the woes?

India is a partial welfare economy. That in turn means it is partially just a big corporate state speaking in terms of economics. The poor and the ones with quotas are provided with free fuel, almost free food and a remuneration even without jobs. This is a positive aspect to a country where the Moody’s announced in 2021 that the inflation rate has become alarmingly high and the government defending its every decision citing a lack of revenue. A lesser population would perhaps mean lesser poor, lesser taxes or probably a complete welfare state run by a capitalist model like those in Scandinavia. This dream might take more than a century to be realised, hence the word – perhaps. A lesser population might also mean a more even distribution of resources – as the incumbent Chief Minister of UP announced in his speech. A similar rhetoric was used by the World Trade Organisation for countries in Asia and Africa where the fertility rates have been traditionally high in an already large population. This rhetoric has also been used by the early Communist China and the Indian government since the 1970s in the name of family planning. Knowing these rhetorics might actually be helpful in understanding the way in which population is and is not a solution to the problems the world faces.

China was the most populous country when the Communist Party announced its victory in a long drawn Civil War. And it soon announced the Great Leap Forward Program followed by steps to open up the economy. And considering population to be the chief factor behind poverty, China announce the now infamous one child policy. The important thing is China is a strong economy in the present day and has reduced poverty to minimal levels and all this was done not because there was any absolute reduction in population (China saw a steady population growth rate in absolute numbers thanks to the pre-existing population being very large and will stay the most populous country at least till 2025), but because of a judicious use of the same. China introduced labour intensive industries in the country, drawing international investment and generating employment for virtually everyone there. The demographic effect of the one child policy has become apparent only in the recent years where China feared that the fertility rate less than 2 might lead to an ageing of the nation – a point where more people would be older than the then working population, prompting it to revise one child policy to a two children policy.

India introduced the Two-Children policy back in the 1970s. The allegedly forced vasectomies during the Emergency months of the Indira Gandhi regime quite clearly reflect the apprehensions the stakeholders had regarding India’s future; the stakeholders being the government that needed funds and the World Bank and WTO that felt Indian population growth was alarming. India still maintains its family planning policy although in a relatively non-forced manner where the government uses mass media to convey this idea of ‘hum do humare do'(We two and our two) to the public. And while Indian population in the urban areas has quite neatly adopted to the idea, rural trends are not so appreciative of the same. India is projected to have more than 1.4 billion humans by 2030, about 15-18% of all humanity, the most populous nation on the planet. Indian government has failed to objectify its labour capital of its people – the government policies directed more towards social support than social upliftment. The generation of jobs was slow and inadequate and so was the generation of skilled labour per capita.

Most European countries, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong represent situations similar to India – large populations, high fertility rates in the middle and late 20th centuries and lack of land and resources. But their approach was to generate employment and skills while simultaneously reducing fertility rates which went down anyway as more people were educated, urban centers developed and prices of common commodities rose.

Hong Kong | History, Location, Map, & Facts | Britannica — ***Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated territories on the planet.***

So, is state intervened birth control useful? In a nation as large as India, it might be, because a large population is still rural and poor and sustains on agricultural output alone or is an urban poor household that is keen on increasing the total labour it can provide to increase its income. However, one might quite clearly conclude understanding all previous scenarios explained that a large part of this intervened birth control is a propaganda or most probably a misjudgment of decades of flawed social and economic policies at the end of the Central and State governments.

To conclude, birth control policies are right considering the fact that a lesser population might mean lesser woes from both the government and the people, however, blaming population as the means and end to the prevalent problems by the state is just running away from accountability.

Happy World Population Day and we all can but await the results this new policy shall usher in the country.

India’s stand on population control

11 July is observed as world population day every year. It’s main focus is on the various problems arising due to surging population. Growing population is a major concern for developing countries and india is also having the same concerns. With population around 1.39 billion approximately India is inching towards overtaking china as most populous country.

China had adopted one child policy to control it’s growing population but due to demographical reasons it ended this policy in 2015. Aging population was the reason presented,but decline in fertility rate was another reason. China’s communist government is very strict in implementing it’s policies and citizens also abide by the rules.

India’s five year plans gave emphasis to population control. Ministry of health and family welfare covers the population control policy. Main strategy is to persuade people to accept the small family norm by way of various advertisment and educational efforts.

A scene from web series ‘**panchayat’** depicting slogan

In 2019, ‘Population Control Bill’ was introduced into Rajya sabha and was signed by 125 MP’s. This bill was about imposing penalties for couples not adhering to the two-child policy.

A Postage stamp issued by the ***Indian government***

Later, in 2020 ‘Constitution Amendment Bill’ was introduced into Lok sabha. It’s main objective was to amend the Article 47A of the Constitution of India. This amendment was to introduce a two-child policy per couple and provide incentives like tax, educational benefits etc.

Two-child policy in Indian states

States of Assam and Uttar Pradesh have initiated to bring in two-child policies, this will limit government benefits to people with only two children. people with more than two children are barred from contesting elections in Gujarat, Rajasthan,Maharashtra, Uttarakhand, Odisha, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

Few more States are eyeing to bring these type of policies in upcoming future for betterment of the citizens. Government and few NGO’s are working towards educating people about these policies. Task ahead is tough,but not impossible.

Indian Culture – Varied but one

India is a country with vast culture and several religions within itself. Before, getting into the context let us know what exactly the word culture mean.

Culture can be defined as knowledge of a particular group of people, cuisine, religion, rituals, language, arts and music, etc.

Indian culture is one of biggest and most complex cultures to understand in the world. With 29 states and 8 union territories and more than 4 religions in a single country, India stands rich in its literature. Even though, the nation has 80.5% Hindus, 13.4% of Muslims, 2.3% Christians, 1.9% Sikhs with 2 billion followers in total the unity of the nation holds strong. There is always culture in everything from God to Art in India . It has to be mentioned here that ‘Indian Gods’ play a major role in the ocean-like Indian mythologies. From Mahabharat, India has had the culture of giving priority to prayers. The religions that originated in India are based on the concepts of dharma and karma (Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism). Ahisma, being an important aspect of Indian culture, has played a major role in India’s struggle for Freedom. Mahatma Gandhi, a freedom fighter, followed Ahimsa to gain freedom for the nation which was later took as an inspiration by Martin Luther King Jr.
Atheism is seen as a rejected concept by most of the Indians. Atheists are seen as aliens in the country. Even though, it is a personal choice of a person it is often not understood by many, which shows their deep passion for religions, gods and prayers.

Mahatma Gandhi (left) and Martin Luther King Jr ( right)

This country with vast culture celebrates several festivals. With half of them being celebrated by the nation together (Diwali, festival of lights) and rest celebrated by a particular group of people from an area or state (Onam being celebrated by Keralites). The three national holidays in India, the Independence Day, Republic Day and Gandhi Jayanthi are celebrated with great enthusiasm.

India has five major languages that includes Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada. Each language has its own history with Tamil being considered as one of the oldest and classical languages in the world. Hindi being considered as the national language by many.

India has eight classical forms of dance. Indian Art has always had mythological elements in it. With Bharatanatyam from Tamil Nadu, Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh, Mohiniattam from Kerala, Yakshagana of Karnataka, Manipuri from Manipur, Odissi from Odisha, Sattriya from Assam and Kathak from Uttar Pradesh. Apart from the classicals dance forms, Indian regions have a strong dance tradition from Bhangra of Punjab to Dekhnni of Goa.

Hockey is often seen as the national game of India, though Indian Government has denied it. Indian Government has clarified India currently doesn’t have any national game. Martial Arts being another traditional sport that originates in Kerala. Kalaripayattu (400 BCE-600 CE) in the Sangam literature is one of the oldest martial arts in the world. Ayurvedic Massage with Sesame oil is also considered as a form of Martial Arts.
India being a roof for varied cultures and religions, still stays together and strong.

What Is Causing Punjab’s Severe Electricity Crisis?

As temperature levels are on the rise in Punjab, where paddy transplantation is also in full swing, the state is experiencing a severe power outage. Even when the farm sector has still not received the guaranteed eight-hour electricity supply residential consumers have now been forced to suffer as a result of extended electricity outages

Furthermore, the state-owned power company PSPCL has enforced a two-day mandatory reduction on high-consumption industries in order to redirect electricity to farms and the household sector There is also a restriction on operating air conditioning units in government offices, as their hours have been reduced from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. due to the shortages

The requirement for electricity has reached 14,225 MW as temperatures have risen and it is the peak season for paddy transplanting. The electricity providers, though, have only been able to deliver 12,800 MW. The 1,425 MW shortfall has resulted in power outages lasting up to 14 hours in the residential sector. Now, businesses have been closed down for two days to guarantee that the farming industry receives adequate supplies and also that the critical window for paddy transplanting is not missed. Farmers and residential customers took to the streets in protest a few days earlier. Industry groups are protesting that this was the last thing they wanted in the midst of a pandemic that has devastated all businesses.

What may have caused the state’s electricity problem?

The shutting down of the government-run thermal plant in Bathinda and two units of yet another government thermal plant in Ropar, with a total capacity of 880 MW, was one of the first actions taken by the current Congress administration in Punjab. There were no backup plans in place to compensate for the loss of output once these factories were closed.

Furthermore, in 2018, the government rejected PSPCL’s intention to build a 100-MW solar facility at the Bathinda thermal plant, which could have been operational within a year. A PSPCL request to upgrade a Bathinda thermal facility to utilize biomass fuel from paddy straw was also denied.

In addition, a unit of the private TSPL Power Plant located in Talwandi Sabo has been shut down since March 8 due to a lack of repairs. The plant generates 660 MW. According to former PSPCL chairman Baldev Singh Sra, the plant had to be closed down due to defective Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs).

Why is it that Punjab seems unable to purchase electricity then?

PSPCL is experiencing financial difficulties. The state owes it Rs 5,000 crore for agricultural subsidies, while government institutions owe PSPCL Rs 2,000 crore. During one latest power meeting held, Chief Minister Amarinder Singh instructed the finance department of the state to provide Rs 500 crore towards the usability for power purchase. Furthermore, even if it purchased additional electricity, the state of Punjab has a transmission capacity of 13,000 MW only.

What has the Punjab government said?

A. Venu Prasad, CMD of PSPCL, blamed the power outage on the collapse of the Talwandi Sabo power plant. He also stated that the hailstorm that occurred between June 10 and 15 contributed to the problem and that it took them many days to fix the plant. Because the destruction was so extensive, several areas are still being repaired.

Prasad also stated that the state’s water table was dropping and that more electricity was needed to extract water from the ground bore wells. He stated that the administration was dedicated to delivering electricity and that they had already begun acquiring power from other sources to hold them over till the situation passed. He said that the issue is now under order.

National Security & The New Web

China on 10th July announced new internet rules adding to the already massive set of norms the Great Firewall is all about. The new rules require any internet company working in China and with more than a million registered users to undergo an additional cyber security review if offering an IPO in a foreign country. As per the Cyberspace Administration of China, companies listed in foreign countries can have their data “affected, controlled, and maliciously exploited by foreign governments”. Well, this is clearly a clever way by the CCP to control financial resources in China. Most companies will now prefer to list themselves in Hong Kong and not other large stock exchanges like the New York Exchange. This would mean that the companies will not have large foreign assets and yet have large foreign investments.

But there is a greater observation associated with this the pace at which countries all over the world have initiated security protocols regarding big tech giants. In May, the government of India, the largest internet demographic in the world open to foreign investments – initiated a set of very strong rules changing the way in which many important aspects of the companies’ services functioned. Many internet freedom groups and NGOs accused the government of creating an authoritarian IT policy where the government has over-ridden the Right to Privacy. And the government has defended the same citing social and national interests at helm. The US and the EU with its GDPR – have themselves been torn between privacy activists and an age of increasing control of tech giants over the information of people from their connections to their interests.

All this drama can be understood in two chief points – one, the data privacy myth no longer exists. Most users are not even aware of the privacy policies in place. The Cambridge Analytica scam that rocked the US and created considerable difficulties for Facebook is a classic example where people themselves gave away their data. Even if one is aware of the privacy laws, the scandals involving Google tracking Incognito data on Chrome has led to serious questions about regulations and policies. Two, Countries have governments that are increasingly being assertive in not only ensuring that the globalisation of the data of its nationals is contained, but also that the tech enterprises respect the sovereignty and authority of the state in its matters. This is both good and bad. Good being that there is indeed an increasing trend of exploitation of data and social engineering attacks that can undermine the functioning of the state. Bad, because the states are also moving along and often on the other end of the boundary between a healthy interference and politically motivated censorships and extra judicial control.

Who is responsible? Who is accountable? It’s the internet. Everyone is supposed to be responsible for everything here. And that is the new age of internet we are into. Right from ordering groceries and talking to friends to alleged recruitments into extra state organisations like the ISIS, every thing can happen here. The process of social engineering attacks led to large scale government interventions which in turn has led to growth of more private technologies like VPNs and secret or peer reviewed social networks like the Mastodon network. But, the tussle continues. And this is the web we shall live with for long now.

ALL ABOUT SAREES

You Can’t Live an Indian Life without a saree – 4 different saree you should know about!!

City Of Joy – Kolkata yes we are now talking about the tant saree which is famous in all over West Bengal. It is originally made from Bengal cotton handloom, it is also known as taant, tat, taat . This saree is not only worn by west Bengals but also women in Bangladesh is also fond of tant saree. This saree is has a speciality as it is light as airy texture and very suitable for the warm weather. These saree has a thick border and decorative pallu and is decorated by floral pattern.

BACKGROUND –

The word “Tant” indicate the handloom in Bengal that are used weave cotton garments like saree, dhoti and other garments. the background of this saree took place in the 15th century in shantipur.

The art gave wave during the Mughal rule 16th – 18th century when it became an extreme favourite among Muslim and jamdani weaving. This beautiful art continued during the British rule and decades before independence. After the partition of Bengal in 1947, many weavers from Bangladesh migrated to India and started living in neighbouring town shantipur, now it became a new home for Tangail weavers of Bangladesh. today both Bengalis and Bangladeshi weaver are well known for the varieties of tant saree.

WEAVING TECHNIQUE –

A massive quantity of cotton threads comes from the mill are first washed to remove any chemicals, dried in the sun, bleached and again dried.
Then they are put in boiling water which contains colour to dye them.

After this, they are then starched and processed some more times to make then stronger and subtler. The threads are wound on bamboo drums for weaving.
Every saree has a design on its border, pallu and body . These design made by the artist on a soft card sheet by perforating them which are then put up from the loom.
The simplest saree takes about 10- 12 hours to weave, and saree which have complex design takes 5-6 days to get complete.

State Of Jewels – Gujarat, which is famous for bandhani work derived from the Hindi/Sanskrit word “ bandhna” and “bandha”, which means tying or to tie. Traditionally in India tie and dye art known as bandhani. According to the design and motifs each pattern has its special significance.

BACKGROUND –

It is an ancient practice done by people. People used the technique of picking the cloth with fingernails and tying before dying, this was first found in Indus valley civilization, back to 4000 B.C. even the Buddhist painting, and Ajanta caves have bandhani design in it.

MAKING PROCESS –

Here the selection of cloth plays an important role. The artist starts with the unbleached white fabric.
Then they have block printing design in other words it is senticels for printing on saree they give impressing by designed blocked on saree
Later they grab some amount of cloth and tie with thread tightly, they also use some kinds of pebbles, motis , stones to give design to the saree.
Then they dip the cloth into normal water to soak the saree so that colour can easily stick to the cloth.

After this, they put the saree in the boiling water which contains salt and colour.
Again they put the saree in the cold water and at last they dry the saree. And after untying you will find beautiful designs on saree.

State of Caves – Maharashtra. Every bride in Maharashtra dream to wear paithani saree at her wedding, one of the most beautiful saree in India. Paithani gives the reflection of rich Marathi culture and tradition. Paithani is woven with very fine silk which makes them one of the richest saree in India.

BACKGROUND –

Paithani is extracted more than the 2000 year back from statvahana dynasty. it is said that paithani is originated from the city called pratishan now it is known as paithan. At that time paithan was the centre of silk and zari ( gold yarn) and they even exported cotton and silk to the roman empire. So this is how paithani gots its name.

MAKING PROCESS –

At first pallu or padar of paithani is weaved it is either woven either with zari work or silk warp. Traditionally zari work has silver coated with wash gold. Pallu is designed with akruti, asawali, banddimore etc.
Next step is to weave its body. The body has bordered on the edges which are handwoven by gold and silver zari. As the border is made by gold zari body also has floral design and zari work is done.
After all the zari work is done, it is polished with a mixture of water and gum to give saree a stiff texture. They also used methi and jaggery used in the mixture.

They use various colours of bana and tana to get colours of the paithani saree. Tana bana means a mixture of two colours to give a single colour. ex- blue bana and red tana will give a shade of purple. This is how colour is given to paithani. After this, a perfect paithani is made.

State Of Temples – Tamil Nadu, kanjeevaram got its name from a village Kanchipuram. This saree owns thick fabric and dark shades of colours mixed with hints of gold. Women in India love to wear saree during festivals, weddings, occasion and celebrations then kanjeevaram is the best outfit to look classy.

BACKGROUND –

The history of kanjeevaram silk saree started from Hindu mythology. It is said that Kanchi silk weaver is descendants of sage Makanda, who was considered to be the best weaver. It is considered that two weaving communities from Andhra Pradesh, the devangas and the saligars came to Kanchipuram. As we know the city is full of temples and weaver cleverly used temples’ architecture in kanjeevaram saree to give details.

MAKING PROCESS –

Mulberry silk is used to weave Kanjeevaram saree and the gold, silver zari which is used in the edges of the saree comes from Gujarat.
Silk threads then dipped into rice water and dried under the sun to make the texture of silk thick and stiff.

This silk thread is interlocked within a thin silver wire and woven

with the help of golden thread to complete the process.

To weave this fabric a wrap frame is used which has approx of 60 holes, in which there are 240 threads in the warp and 250 to 3000 threads in the weft.
Saree is popular for vibrant colour and impressive designs which borrowed from designs of temples.
Usually, weaver weaves pallu and body separately and they are pretty different from each other and later than are interlocked by pinti which is a zig-zag pattern where pallu meets the body of the saree. This is how a kanjeevaram saree is made.

NATIONAL SPORTS DAY

India celebrates its National Sports Day every year on the 29th August.Its the birthday of the Legend, Major DHYAN CHAND ,one of the best sportsmen ever to have graced the game of hockey. who made India proud by his extraordinary sporting skills. He was the greatest hockey player India has ever seen.

MAJOR DHYAN CHAND

Place of Birth :India

Born :29 August 1905

Died :3 December 1979

Aged :74

Years of service:1922–1956(34 years)

Playing position:Centre forward

Awards & Achievements:

1928– Gold medal at the Olympics, held in Amsterdam.

1932– Gold medal at the Olympics, held in Los Angeles.

1936– Gold medal at the Olympics, held in Berlin.

1956– Bestowed with India’s third-highest civilian award “Padma Bhushan” by the Government of India.

This day is celebrated by organizing friendly matches between different Indian hockey teams at the Dhyan Chand National stadium in New Delhi which was constructed in the respect and honor of Major Dhyan Chand.

On this day, sports persons commemorate this day in a sportive way. The President of India Bestows prestigious awards such as the Arjuna and Dronacharya Award, Dhyan Chand Award, etc.

Petrol, diesel prices hiked again

The petrol price has been increased by 35 paise in Delhi, while diesel saw an increase of 26 paise. This was the seventh hike of this month, according to price notification by the oil retailers.

Bhopal became the first city where petrol prices touched Rs. 100, thereafter cities like Jaipur, Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Bengaluru also sold petrol for Rs.100. In the country’s national capital, petrol prices scaled to Rs. 100 on July 7,2021.

Petrol now costs over Rs.100 in 18 states and UT’s – Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Odisha, Ladakh, Punjab, Sikkim, Delhi, West Bengal, Nagaland, Jammu and Kashmir and Telangana.

The central and taxes make up for 60% of the retail selling price of petrol and over 54% of diesel. Centre levies Rs. 32.90 per litre of excise duty on petrol and Rs. 31.80 a litre on diesel. The difference in prices in states occurs on account of local taxes like VAT or freight charges.

Rajasthan levies the highest VAT on petrol and diesel in the country, followed by Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.

Here are the list of petrol and diesel prices in the states of India:

Delhi: Petrol prices – Rs. 100.91 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 89.88 per litre

Kolkata: Petrol prices – Rs. 101.01 per litre; diesel prices – Rs.92.97 per litre

Mumbai: Petrol prices – Rs. 106.93 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 97.46 per litre

Bengaluru: Petrol prices – Rs. 104.29 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 95.26 per litre

Chennai: Petrol prices – Rs. 101.67 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 94.39 per litre

Hyderabad: Petrol prices – Rs. 104.86 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 97.96 per litre

Jaipur: Petrol prices – Rs. 107.74 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 99.02 per litre

Thiruvananthapuram: Petrol prices – Rs. 102.89 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 96.47 per litre

Patna: Petrol prices – Rs. 103.18 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 95.46 per litre

Bhopal: Petrol prices – Rs. 109.24 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 98.67 per litre

Chandigarh: Petrol prices – Rs. 97.04 per litre; diesel prices – Rs. 89.51 per litre

Bhubaneswar: Petrol prices – Rs. 101.37 per litre,

diesel prices – Rs. 97.67 per litre

Srinagar: Petrol prices – Rs. 103.77 per litre, diesel prices – Rs. 93.49 per litre

This was the 39^th hike in fuel prices since 4^th May. The price of petrol has risen by Rs. 10.51 per litre and diesel by Rs. 9.09 per litre.

“INDEPENDENCE DAY”

India’s Independence Day reminds the country’s citizens of all the sacrifices the freedom fighters have made to secure the country’s future. Since its independence, India has made stellar progress in every field, including education, military and space programmes.

History of Our Independence Day

For almost two centuries the Britishers ruled over us. And the citizen of the country suffered a lot due to these oppressors. British officials treat us like slaves until we manage to fight back against them.

We struggled for our independence but work tirelessly and selflessly under the guidance of our leaders Jawahar Lal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, Mahatma Gandhi, Chandra Shekhar Azad, and Bhagat Singh. Some of these leaders choose the path of violence while some choose non-violence. But the ultimate aim of these was to drive out the Britishers from the country. And on 15th August 1947, the long-awaited dream come true.

Why We Celebrate Independence Day?

To relive the moment and to enjoy the spirit of freedom and independence we celebrate Independence Day. Another reason is to remember the sacrifices and lives we have lost in this struggle. Besides, we celebrated it to remind us that this freedom that we enjoy is earned the hard way.

Apart from that, the celebration wakes up the patriot inside us. Along with celebration, the young generation is acquainted with the struggles of the people who lived at that time.

Activities on Independence Day

Although it’s a national holiday the people of the country celebrate it with great enthusiasm. Schools, offices, societies, and colleges celebrate this day by organizing various small and big events.

Every year at Red Fort the Prime Minister of India host the national flag. In the honor of the occasion, 21 gunshots are fired. This is the begging of the main event. This event is later on followed by an army parade.

The school and colleges organize cultural events, fancy dress competitions, speech, debate, and quiz competition.

Importance of Independence Day

Every Indian holds a different viewpoint about Indian Independence. For some, it’s a reminder of the long struggle while for youngsters it stands for the glory and honor of the country. Above all, we can see the feeling of patriotism across the country.

The Indian’s celebrate Independence Day with a feeling of nationalism and patriotism across the country. On this day every citizen echoes with festive feeling and pride in the diversity and unity of the people. It’s not only a celebration of Independence but also of the unity in diversity of the country.

Small Scale Industries: helping in a BIG way

Small Scale Industries (SSI) are those industries in which manufacturing, providing services, productions are done on a micro scale. Small scale industries play an important role in the social and economic development of India. These industries do a one-time investment in machinery, plants, and industries which could be on an ownership basis, hire purchase or lease basis.

The SSI sector produces a wide range of industrial products such as food products, beverage, tobacco and tobacco products, cotton textiles, wool, silk, synthetic products, jute, hemp & jute products, wood & wood products, furniture and fixtures, paper & paper products, printing publishing and allied industries, machinery, machines, appliances and electrical machinery. The SSI sector also has a large number of service industries. The small-scale sector in India embracing of a diverse range of units from traditional crafts to high- tech industries. The number of SSI working units (registered & unregistered) in India totalled 11.4 million in 2003-04-80.5 percent of which are proprietary concerns and 16.8 percent are partnership firms and private limited companies. They have always played an important role in the economies of all major industrial countries. The Report of the Working Group on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) growth for 12th 5-year Plan (2012–17), unveils that the sector accounts for 45% of the manufacturing output and 40% of the total exports of the country. Further the Ministry of MSME’s (2017) highlights that the MSMEs accounted for 30.74% of GDP in the year 2014–15. Current economic forecast or survey interprets that with the Indian Economy growing at an average of 7% per annum, it is likely to become a $5 trillion economy by the year 2025. Hence, the development of the MSME sector is essential and it is considered to be the backbone of the Indian economy. Small-scale industry is playing a paramount role in the industrial landscape of our country.

The growth in employment in this sector over years has been noteworthy. The small-scale industries have shown splendid progression in their quantity, production, employment and exports. The cumulative number of units has increased from 105.21 lakhs in 2001-02 to 115.22 Lakhs in 2003-04 to 630 lakhs as of 2020. The number of individuals employed in small scale units too, has gone up from 249.09 lakhs in 2001- 02 to 273.97 lakhs in 2003-04 to 11 crores in 2020. Exports from small scale sector account for nearly 35 percent of the gross value of exports from our country. Total value of exports of this sector has increased from Rs. 71,244 crores in 2001-02 to Rs. 86,013 crores in 2002-03 to a value of $14740 crore and by 2022 it is expected that MSMEs will contribute 60% to India’s total exports. The total value of production of small-scale units comes to nearly 40 percent of the total value of industrial output of the country. Over the years an inspiring trend in exports has been observed in the dimension of increase in exports of unconventional products from this sector.

The SSI has emerged as an ever-changing phenomenon of the Indian economy. At the national level, this sector has performed extremely well and enabled our country to attain industrial diversification. SSIs have made a portentous endeavour to increase in employment fortunes and productivity prospects. If its potential is properly harnessed, it can help in accentuating the pace of balanced regional progress apart from creating employment opportunities.

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

Rate this:

History of Our Independence Day

Why We Celebrate Independence Day?

Activities on Independence Day

Importance of Independence Day

Rate this:

Rate this: