The Story of the Best Selling Video Game of all time: Tetris

Tetris has its origin in the Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre (Research Lab). It was one of the foremost research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, located in St Petersburg, Soviet Union (Now Russia). Created by software researcher Alexey Pajitnov in 1984, Tetris is a simple tile-matching game that took the world by storm upon it’s release.

It was developed for Electronika 60, which was a computer, made in the Soviet Union. This period was the final stage of the Cold war Era and computers were becoming more popular as well.

The game wasn’t intended as a commercial product just like the creation of the music record. But it was to be distributed freely among academic institutions around the Soviet Union and the economic bloc of countries aligned with the USSR in Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas that demonstrated use cases for the software.

As USSR was a communist state, so Pajitnov did not technically own the program as the game was under the ownership of the state. Pajitnov along with the help of a colleague, Dmitry Pavlovsky, and a teen computer programmer, Vadim Gerasimov continued to work on the game project even though commercializing it would have been a risky move under the Soviet government. Gerasimov further ported the game from the old and bulky Elektronika 60 to the more widely used (IBM) compatible PCs.

As Elektronika 60 had no graphics output, the individual blocks in the game were made of different text, but with the port in PC, they were able to support color graphics. This brought the game to life.

Pajitnov and Gerasimov had started distributing Tetris for (PC) in 1985 among their friends and colleagues in various math or computer conventions. Soon the sharing spread and the game was smuggled outside USSR to Hungary. During mid-80s U.S and Japan had a more prevalent console market whereas, in Europe, gaming was primarily done on computers. There was a non-existent software market in Russia and most software was usually copied in floppy disks.

Welcome screen of 1987 version of Tetris

In 1986 Robert Stein, a salesman from the UK-based software company Andromeda spotted Tetris at Hungary’s Institute of Computer Science. He was convinced by the potential of the software and he struck an agreement with Pajitnov to sell the games internationally. But legally Tetris was still under the ownership of the Soviet government.  There was one problem, the agreement was only for the PC and not for any other platform and Stein has struck a deal with Sega to launch the game on their platform. Later Henk Rogers, another salesman from the Netherlands wanted to find a good launch game for the Nintendo’s new Game Boy handheld. The Soviet government was not happy with the Stein deal. But Rogers convinced the Soviet government and they agreed and he also formed a good relationship with Pajitnov. Later Andromeda’s license of Tetris was deemed illegal. Nintendo was given the right to launch the game on its console. The GameBoy was a platform to showcase one of the first video games exported from Russia. The game was a commercial hit and it has been ported to the most number platforms to date. The game also holds the record as the best-selling game of all time. In 1996, Pajitnov was able to reclaim the ownership of the rights and formed the Tetris Company, along with Henk Rogers. Even though he missed collecting the potential royalties for Tetris which were over hundreds of millions, he was still able to secure the future royalties.

References:

The all new Nintendo Switch OLED Model.

The Japanese gaming company Nintendo has launched its trendy version of the Switch gaming console, called the switch (OLED model). As for the key highlights, the tool comes with a bigger 7.0-inch OLED display in conjunction with an upgraded NVIDIA chipset and superior audio system. It carries a charge tag of $349.99 (around Rs. 26,000) and is to be had in two color options.

Nintendo Switch OLED 2021.

The Nintendo Switch OLED model — which was released on July 6, 2021 — is similar to the normal Nintendo switch that was released in March 2017. It is a hybrid console that swaps without problems from hand-held mode to television mode. There are pleasure-Con on both aspects of the console, which might be similar to those at the normal Switch. It plays all the same old switch video games, has the equal processor, battery, RAM, and most different specifications.

However, Nintendo upgraded and more advantageous a selection of capabilities of the console to make it higher (greater on that in the subsequent section). This makes the console advanced to the normal Switch and the hand-held-only switch Lite. It does now not make it a switch pro or switch 2, though, because it’s no longer modified that a lot.

New Nintendo Switch OLED specifications-

Switch OLEDOriginal Switch
Display7-inch OLED touchscreen6.2-inch LED touchscreen
Resolution720p handheld/1080p docked720p handheld/1080p docked
Storage64GB (expandable)32GB (expandable)
ChipsetCustom Nvidia Tegra X1Custom Nvidia Tegra X1
Battery LifeApprox. 4.5 – 9 hoursApprox. 4.5 – 9 hours
ConnectivityUSB-C, 3.5mm audio, microSD, wired LANUSB-C, 3.5mm audio, microSD
Size9.5 x 4 x 0.55 inches9.4 x 4 x 0.55 inches
WeightApprox. 0.93 poundsApprox. 0.88 pounds

lamentably, the Nintendo Switch OLED remains lacking some things we would hope a brand new Switch console could have. For a start, the joy-Cons are the same as the present-day Nintendo switch, which means they may (and we strain could) fall victim to Joy-Con drift that has blighted the controllers of the authentic Switch.

There may be also no aid for Bluetooth headphones, which with stellar headsets like the Sony WH-100XM4 available, appears to be a rather disappointing omission with the Switch OLED. simply bear in thoughts, the identical workarounds for wireless headphones used in the unique switch ought to paintings with the Switch OLED.

However, arguably the maximum disappointing thing is the Switch OLED does not provide a lift in overall performance over the authentic switch. It makes use of the same custom Nvidia Tegra X1 gadget-on-a-chip with reputedly no specs modifications, which means a shape of 4K output while docked or 1080p when treated isn’t always to be had.

All it is no longer to mention the Nintendo switch OLED is flawed, however, it cannot be a must-have for those who are already playing the present-day Switch.

The new adjustable stand and LAN-

The bigger and adjustable stand is arguably the most compelling upgrade for the brand new Switch after the OLED show. The single-role stand on the original Switch changed into instead skimpy and flimsy and often toppled over on the merest wobble.

(Image Credit- Nintendo)

The broader stance at the switch OLED seems lots more stable and the larger display method it can make for a wi-fi new portable console that can be legitimately installation everywhere for a bit of Mario Kart or damage Bros local multiplayer.

(Image Credit- Nintendo)

And speaking of multiplayer, the Nintendo switch OLED also has a LAN port to guide a stressed-out internet connection for extra stable online gaming. that would be available for people in homes with patchy Wi-Fi.

Nintendo Switch OLED Pricing and availablity-

The Nintendo Switch (OLED model) is priced at $349.ninety-nine (around Rs. 26,000). it’ll be to be had for buy within the US from October 8 onwards. information concerning its availability in different markets is doubtful as of now.

A new membrane production could desalinate water with 99.9% efficiency.

According to the World Health Organization, more than 785 million people lack clean drinking water. Although 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered with seawater, we can’t drink it. Scientists around the world are working to find effective means of desalinating seawater at a low cost. Now, a team of Korean scientists may have figured out how to do it in a matter of minutes.

The freshwater necessary for most human activities represents only 2.5 percent of the total water available on the planet. Rivers and lakes hold only a fraction of them, but that is what life on Earth depends so much on.. Unfortunately, human activities are putting this vital resource under tremendous strain.

Diagram of the electrothreading device used to make this membrane from nanofibres.

It is hardly surprising that desalination of seawater is the easiest way to address this issue. But these processes have their limitations. One such limitation is membrane wetting.  Wetting the membrane pores eliminates dry pathways where contaminants, like particles, gels, or bubbles could pass through, resulting in high defect levels in your process. Polymer membranes are natively hydrophobic or hydrophilic.

•           Hydrophobic – having a natural aversion to water

•           Hydrophilic – having a natural affinity to water

If a membrane is hydrophobic, it is difficult to wet with water. This results in a high contact angle, or a very round bead of water sitting on top of the membrane. If a membrane is hydrophilic, it is easily wet with water, and the water will penetrate the pores of the membrane.

When using membranes to filter seawater, the membrane must remain dry for long periods. If the membrane becomes moist, the filtration process becomes inefficient and permits large quantities of salt to pass through the membrane. For long-term operations, progressive membrane wetting has been observed regularly, which be resolved by changing the membrane.

Researcher Yunchul Woo and his team at the Korea Institute of engineering and Building Technology (KICT) have now developed a membrane that’s less vulnerable to wetting and is stable within the future .

The membrane is formed of nanofibres that are fabricated into a three-dimensional hierarchical data structure , This was achieved by employing a sort of nanotechnology called electrospinning. Using this technology, the researchers were ready to fabricate a highly hydrophobic membrane — i.e. water repellent.

The hydrophobic nature of the membrane is valuable because it is designed to keep water molecules from passing through. Instead, a temperature differential is applied on both sides of the membrane which causes the water to evaporate from one end to the water vapor. The membrane allows water vapor to pass, which then condenses onto the cooler side. Called, membrane distillation, this is a commonly used method of desalination using membranes. Because salt particles are not transformed into gas, they are set aside on one side of the membrane, giving highly purified water on the other side.

The Korean researchers also used silica aerogel in their membrane fabrication process which further enhanced the flow of water vapor through the membrane, providing quicker access to desalinated water.

In tests, the team ran the new membrane for 30 days, and found that it still filtered out 99.99 percent of the salt after that time. That’s a far longer runtime than other electrospun nanofiber membranes, which the team says struggle to last more than 50 hours of continuous use before they begin to leak.

The co-axial electrospun nanofiber membrane have strong potential for the treatment of seawater solutions without suffering from wetting issues and may be the appropriate membrane for pilot-scale and real-scale membrane distillation applications,” says Dr. Yunchul Woo, lead researcher on the study.

WINDOWS XP

Windows XP is still going strong

Windows XP is a line of proprietary operating system which was developed by Microsoft and is meant to be used for general purpose computers , such as home computers and business desktops , notebook computers and various types of media centres . Windows XP succeeds Windows 2000 and Windows ME , and is the first consumer – oriented operating system produced by Microsoft to be built on the Windows NT kernel and architecture . The most popular operating systems versions are Windows XP Home Edition , which is primarily meant for home users , and Windows XP Professional , which boasts additional features , such as support for Windows Server domains and dual processors , and is meant for professionals and other experts . Windows XP Media Centre Edition has additional multimedia features . Windows XP has an edge over the earlier versions of Microsoft Windows because of enhanced efficiency and better stability .

Windows XP helps you access and manage your files on the pc using a Graphical _User Interface GUI . All Programs and files stored on the PC are represented as pictures that are called icons . These icons are stored on the desktop .

Components of Windows XP

Windows XP

The Windows XP user interface consists of various components and concepts that help make Windows XP user friendly and intuitive . Some of the important components are :-

  1. Desktop
  2. Start Menu
  3. Taskbar
  4. Icons
  5. Recycle Bin
  6. Windows
  7. Applications
  8. Folders
  9. Files
  10. Control Panels

All About Windows 11

On 24th June 2021, the much awaited Windows 11 was launched by Microsoft. Microsoft launched there next generation of windows after 6 years. In this blog, we are going to discuss the features of Windows 11, Who can all upgrade to Windows 11? Hardware requirements for windows 11 upgrade. Here starts the blog

FEATURES OF WINDOWS 11

Android apps

You can easily download android apps in Windows 11. All the android apps are stored in New Microsoft store via Amazon’s app store. There are nearly 5,00,000 apps available in Amazon app store, including Netflix, Pinterest, Uber, Disney plus. All you need to create a amazon app store account. There are many free and paid apps are available in it. Every app in the google play store is not available in the amazon app store.

Microsoft Teams

Windows 11 has an inbuilt Microsoft video chat teams platforms. Making it easier for the users to access. With this, you can easily chat and talk to your friends in your contacts. You can also connect with your friends who uses Other windows, Mac, Linux and android. You can teams in your windows 11.

GIVES YOU BEST EXPERIENCE FOR GAMING

If you are a gamer, then window 11 is for you. Millions of people daily play games in windows. Windows 11 will give you the best experience ever, it supports all pc games, you can play games with high graphics. Windows 11 level unlocks the potential of the system’s hardware. With Xbox game pass now, gamers can get access to 100 plus newly added games.

NEW INTERFACE

Windows 11 has a clean, shadow and round cornered interface with a redesigned start menu which eliminates the tiles on the right side of the screen.

NEW SECURITY FEATURES IN WINDOWS 11

  1. Trusted Platform Module A TPM is one of the most prominent feature in windows 11. TPM is a chip that secures the confidential data like user credentials, passwords, keys etc. This helps you to protect your data from any other hackers or some malware.
  2. No passwords for Windows 11 Are you confused right, but it is true. Now windows 11 is using strong authentication methods like face lock, fingerprints and biometrics making the window 11 very secure.
  3. Secured core pcs Now there is a double layer protection for your pc. They are twice more resistant to the malware and viruses.

BETTER VIRTUAL DESKTOP SUPPORT

Now, Windows 11 will support virtual desktop set up just like MacOS.

EASIER TRANSITION FROM MONITOR TO LAPTOP

The new OS include features like Snap Groups and Snap Layout, Collection of apps that you are using available at taskbar. You can easily switch and minimized the apps just like the macOS. They can also let you unplug and plug easily from the monitor without losing them.

WHO CAN ALL UPGRADE TO WINDOWS 11?

Microsoft is now making Window 11 available free upgrade to all windows 10, windows 7, windows 8 and windows 8.1.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR WINDOW 11 UPGRADE

  1. RAM: 4GB or greater.
  2. Storage: 64 bits or greater storage to install windows 11.
  3. Processor: 1 Gigahertz(GHz).
  4. Graphic cards: DirectX 12 with WDDM`2.0 driver.
  5. System firmware: UEFI, Secure Boot capable.
  6. Display: high definition(720p) display, 8 bits per color channel.

I hope you like this blog, if you like it kindly like and rate it. It really gives me motivation. Thank You.

Programming languages that you must learn! [Part 1]

[By Bhoomika Saini]

Photo by ThisIsEngineering on Pexels.com

Each programming language is designed for a specific purpose and has its relative merits and demerits. Also, the answer to the most useful programming language to learn is subjective and depends on your familiarity with coding.

Below, I’ve listed some of the Most Useful Programming Languages you can learn right now!

  1. PYTHON

Python language developed by Guido van Rossum. It was first released in 1991. It is one of the best programming language to learn which supports multiple systems and platforms.

It is one of the best coding language to learn that allows you to scale even the most complex applications with ease. It is used in Web and Internet Development, Scientific and Numeric applications, Desktop GUIs, Business applications. It is widely used in AI and Machine Learning space. Python is considered one of the easiest programming languages to learn!

2. JAVA

James Gosling primarily designed Java at Sun Microsystems in the year 1996. Java offers APIs for different activities like Database connection, networking, XML parsing, utilities, etc.

It is one of the best programming language to learn that has large number of open source libraries. Memory management in Java is quite expensive! Learning Java is simple and easy. Java mostly used for developing Android apps, web apps, and Big data.

3. C++

C++ is a programming language that was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983.It is a popular language, and thus, there are many compilers and libraries. Other programming languages like C, C#, and Java have very similar syntax to C++, make it easy to learn for everyone who knows C++.

It is one of the popular coding languages which has no garbage collector running in the background. C++ program can’t support garbage collection or Dynamic Memory Allocation. C++ is widely used in Game Development, Advance Computations, and Graphics Compilers.

Photo by Christina Morillo on Pexels.com

4. JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript was earlier called Live Script when it first shipped in with Netscape Navigator 2.0 in September 1995. Later, it was renamed as a JavaScript.

JavaScript is one of the best coding language to learn which is relatively simple to learn. It is one of the best programming language to learn which can work smoothly with other languages and can be used in a huge variety of applications. JavaScript only allows single inheritance, so multiple inheritances are not possible. JavaScript usage include web/mobile app development, game development, and desktop app development.

5. SWIFT

Apple developed Swift in 2014 for Linux and Mac applications. 

An open-source programming language that is easy to learn, Swift supports almost everything from the programming language Objective-C. Swift requires fewer coding skills compared with other programming languages, and it can be used with IBM Swift Sandbox and IBM Bluemix. Swift is used in popular iOS apps like WordPress, Mozilla Firefox, SoundCloud, and even in the game Flappy Bird.

5. GO

Go was developed by Google in 2007 for APIs and web applications. Go has recently become one of the fastest-growing programming languages due to its simplicity, as well as its ability to handle multicore and networked systems and massive codebases.

Go, also known as Golang, was created to meet the needs of programmers working on large projects. It has gained popularity among many large IT companies thanks to its simple and modern structure and syntax familiarity. Companies using Go as their programming language include Google, Uber, Twitch, Dropbox, among many others. Go is also gaining in popularity among data scientists because of its agility and performance.

Laundry in Space

Cleanliness is the half your health. But sadly this does not go well in space. Astronauts say they run through a pair of T-shirts and socks on a weekly basis. There’s no scope for laundry in space.

This unhygienic practice is not only affecting the astronaut’s health but also making a huge trash of cloths which are burnt up in the atmosphere. NASA has taken an initiative in order to bring a change in this. They have teamed up with Procter and Gamble Co. to find out the best remedies in cleaning astronaut’s cloths in space.

The company has assured to send a pair of a Tide detergent and stain removal experiments to the space station. As weight is a big issue in rocket cargoes, P & G is planning to send up some customized detergents in December to see how the enzymes and other ingredients will react to the six months of weightlessness. After getting approval from scientists they will send the stain removal pens and wipes in the May. The company is also trying to design a washer-dryer combo that will operate in space using minimal amount of the recyclable laundry water and detergent. Officials expressed high hope in this diverse research.

Why current Generation are more vulnerable to Mental Illness than their predecessors?

Photo by Anete Lusina on Pexels.com

It is one of the inevitable topics of the millennial generation and that is, “Mental Illness”. It has become one of the terminal topics of all yet it’s high time to focus on our young minds!

So the question here is, why every fourth out of seven has a mental illness? Is it due to a new way of living life? Or is it the society? Well, we can’t blame society for every cause, right? Instead of living in a society, it is us who should be blamed.  Yes, the destruction is due to unawareness which we didn’t appreciate.

These young minds are an asset to our bright future, but what they are suffering from is the worst disease of all. Medically, there is a cure to all sorts of diseases but the question is, where is the essence of this disease? Why is this happening in excess amount to our young buds? Here are some of the elements which can be the reasons for the illness present in our young  minds :

  1. Giving more priority to the unrealistic world of social media: Teenagers are the most popular groups of all ages who dedicate most of their time to social media and thus, for them, it’s ‘The second home’. They dwell so much in these media platforms that the unrealistic world makes them feel like it is reality.

Specially they tend to create fake personalities in front of their friends and colleagues and when they are avoided or not popular then they think of themselves as ‘worthless’.  

It is highly observed that teenagers are dwelling so much into the ocean of social media life that; they start to judge themselves based on; number of likes they got, followers, and people’s comments. This makes them feel depressed and their minds start to break down in this fake world.

Many times, these youngsters are targeted and bullied on social media through certain comments and unknown threats that they don’t even communicate with their parents to provide no harm to their parents.

  • Fractured child-parent relationship: Contemporary parenting can be one of the elements which lead to their child to depression. Since parents are working 24/7, they don’t give much emphasis on their children and often there is a barrier of communication between the parent and child. Due to the unavailability of the parent’s presence, the child feels more ignorance and often lives in his/her thoughts which leads them to have a mental illness.  

We can also see that; these ignorant kids are often lured to follow the wrong path which leads them to devastation as a result.

  • Academic pressures and Moral dilemmas: Kids these days are often pressurised by their parents to score high marks, study in a decent university, and earn pounds which will raise their status in society.

Often, due to this academic pressure children don’t feel themselves and rather they are distracted and even take difficult steps at a tender age. As we can see those suicides are due to academic pressures is in high rates which are also one of the common factors on the mental health in millennials.

  • Pandemic – A Misery to the Millennial generation: This is one of the latest reasons why kids these days feel depressed about the new normal. The social interactions which made them feel positive are gone in the realms of social distancing and quarantine.

Attending online classes is one of the tiring jobs also several factors for them not being productive and lack in the concentration of academia. This leads to a very high amount of stress as we are humans and when we are clutched or burdened in result we act opposite to it, so the impact of online classes makes them vulnerable when they are facing so many pressures at the same time.

  • Addiction leads to depression among youngsters: It is very unfortunate but a fact that the present generation youngsters face different types of addiction in different platforms and therefore they tag themselves as ‘FREAKS’; notably, these addictions vary from one kid to another, some are addictive to social media, some with games, some mislead their minds to pornography world and some are highly addictive towards drugs and sedatives, etc.

There are endless reasons why kids are being addictive but one of the central reasons is due to the exposure to technology at a very tender age. Often, they are misled by their friends and colleagues and due to fewer interactions with elders, they indulge themselves in these forms of bad impact on themselves.

  • The cure to the sickness among youngsters:

Every disease has a cure at its end and to find this cure is that we should look into the core or the root of the disease. As rightly said, love and acceptance is a human need. The kids these days need parent’s support and guidance and a sense of belongingness so that they wouldn’t feel they are alone.

To bring them to their right place it is the elders who can try some old traditions to introduce among the young minds and let them know about the authenticity of their predecessors. As being together, loving each other and living in harmony can make youngsters feel accepted and so the cause of this disease can soon end.  

Youngsters on the other side can also sense their responsibility by being positive and having a good relationship with their family and creating kindness more instead of hatred.