Right to Equality (Article 14-18)

As a citizen of India, we know that our constitution has endowed us with factual rights but very few of us know about it in the depth, can’t say if it is ignorance or lack of awareness among people. Let us know about Article 14

It says that the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

  • It is avalaible to any person including any legal person viz. statutory corporation, companies, etc
  • The cocept of equality before law is of British origin while the concept of equal protection of laws has been taken from the Constitution of USA.
  • The concept of rule of law is a negative concept while the concept of equal protection of laws is a positive concept.
  • The concept of equality before law is equivalent to the second element of the concept of the ‘rule of law’ propounded by A.D.Dicey, the British jurist. But certain exceptions to it arer, the President of India, State Governors, Public Servants, Judges, Foriegn Diplomats, etc., who enjoy immunities, protections and special priviledges.

It’s about Economy-Union Budget

The term Budget can be explained as an annual statement of the government’s estimations of income and expenditure. The Constitution of India does not use the world Budget, instead, it uses the term Annual Financial Statement.

Under Art.112 of the Constitution, the President shall in respect of every financial year (April 1 to March 31 in India) cause Annual Financial Statement to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament.

The budget not only presents the estimation of revenue and expenditure of the government but also lays down the targets and policies of the government for the growth and development of the overall economy and society as a whole.

Every budget has generally two parts :

  • Part A: Review of the economy in the previous year. The basis of review is the Economic Survey which is brought out by the Ministry of Finance
  • Part B: Proposal for the coming year i.e. revenue and expenditure estimates for the coming financial year.

Every budget gives the figures for the 3 years i.e.

  • 1. Actual figures for the preceding year.
  • 2.Budget Estimates and Revised Estimates for the current year.
  • 3.Budget Estimates for the coming year.

SHE COULD BE

She Could Be…

She could be the biggest weapon, if you have you can conquer the world,

She could be the greatest achievement if you’ve her you’ve got almost everything,

She could be the biggest loss, if you lose her you’ve lost everything,

She could be the healing while you’re injured,

She could be the peace while you’re lacking some,

She could the happiness you’ve been wandering for,

She could be the reason why you’ve been that way for so long,

ALSO, SHE COULD UNDOUBTEDBLY BE THE OPPOSITE OF ALL OF THESE if you never know how to treat.

  • Treat her like a living being.
  • Treat her as if she has a life too.
  • Treat her more than a trophy.
  • Treat her with dignity & stop objectifying her.
  • Treat her with the love she deserves.
  • Treat her with the respect she owes.

Treat her the way you want yourself to be & then you see, you’ll receive more than you’ve done for her.

NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

Let us know about the national security council. The Security Council bears the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.

  • It is designed to be UN’s only action agency and is often described as the enforcement wing of the UN.
  • The Security Council originally consisted of eleven members but expanded to fifteen in 1965. Security Council comprises of five permanent members namely, China, France, Russia, UK and USA and a 10 non-permanent memberss elected for a term of 2 years by a two-third majority of the General Assembly. Five non-permanent members retire every year. Retiring members cannot be re-elected immediately.
  • The permanent members have the power to VETO any move. If a permanent members abstains, it is not considered as VETO.
  • The presidency of security council is held in turn by the members of the security council in the English alphabetical order of thier names. Each president holds office for one calenderv month.
  • Decision on procedural as well as substantive matters are taken by an affirmative vote of 9 members. On substantive mattes involving action by member nation, all permanent members must vote in the affirmative. A single VETO can prevent the proposals from being accepted.

SOLITUDE

A state of being alone is what we’ve understood about Solitude.Is it true? Does the meaning of solitude is only about being isolated,becoming an introvert or it has another viewpoint too.

We’re humans & it is said that we’re social animal,we need some connections we need relations in our lives fair enough but to relinquish ourselves to those relations for everything is not fair at all.

  • Why we’ve turned into someone who needs another being for survival ?
  • Why it has become difficult for us to think of moving alone in our lives ?
  • Why are we so scared of alone ?

Yet solitude is not as scary as we all think of it.

  • It is a power to ourselves.
  • We realize a lot.
  • We discover ourselves.
  • We introspect a lot of things within.
  • We turn ourselves into someone who has the ability to scrutinize.

At the end of the day the fact is we’re ( an individual ) main character of our own story and we’ve serve ourselves more than anyone else,we gotta help ourselves more than anyone & same goes in case of company we shall accompany ourselves the most than anyone else should.

As a matter of fact we own ourselves & we should be there for ourselves more than being around others.

Let us sense the flavor of this beautiful company of our own SOLITUDE.

A STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE

The story revolves around a boy whose a expeditious effort saved everyone from being in a huge challenge.

One fine afternoon a Dutch boy was off his duty. He took his afternoon tea and went to have a walk along the dykes which kept the sea from the low lands. He saw a slight moisture in one spot of the dykes. He examined it with his fingers & found a tiny hole.

What should I do now? Leave it or look into it?

The boy grew serious. He knew that the force of the water would widen the hole & these protective sea walls would fall down in course of time. This idea brought the scene of ruin before his eyes. He made up his mind to put a stop to such a trouble at any cost. He puts his fingers in the tiny hole.

He might go home but he would not go. Little did he care for food, sleep and loneliness. The day dawned. His parents grew very anxious about him. They made a thorough search of him in the village but all in vain.

The next morning when a team went to spot to rectify the fault existing they were surprised to know how that boy being selfless handled the situation for that night & what could have happened if he wasn’t there. His mother father they all were very happy to discover that their son had done a heroic deed last night. They felt very proud when they knew that he had saved the whole country from a great disaster. He had not put a stop to the water, a great disaster would have certainly befallen on the country.

Often we tend to ignore or end up procrastinating the problems in front of the sight & that’s how we unknowingly invite the bigger troubles.Thus conclusion is ‘A stitch on time saves nine’.

Do it before it is no longer Doable.!!

AFFLUENCE BRINGS FRIENDS ADVERSITIES PERUSAL THEM

Friends?

Being a social animal humans likely tend to have connection with like minded people & often that connection is termed as ‘Friendship’. In my opinion, I would rather say that it is incorrectly named as Friendship or to be precise people misinterpret temporary companionship as True Friendship & by the time an individual encounters the truth they’re left with nothing but grief and conceivably fails to put their trust in the same sort of relation again.

True Friends never have a face multiple faces.

Man is what essentially a self-seeker. So people seek the friendship of the one with of One with Affluence.They enjoy the phase in which they’re getting presents, then monetary help and a good many benefits. Another motive behind establishing such beneficial friendship is a feeding of good vanity to be seen in the company of the rich & the nobility. Such people court the favor of the wealthy for materialistic gains & desert them the moment they lose their riches. No true friend does that rather he stands by him through thick & thin. & the reason why the saying ” A FRIEND IN NEED IS A FRIEND INDEED” it is popularly related when we talk about True Friendship.

In today’s scenario the definition of Friendship has changed. A group of people hanging around, go on outings, partying are considered to be friends. It has all been about escaping reality & showing off privileges exercised from one another. The essence of True Friendship has been lost.

Life around us bears witness to the truth that it is never the same but it keeps on expanding on a different hierarchy. Some days bring peace while some have hardships in it & the true ones be it friends or any other form of relationship stays by our sides & those who abandon us in adversities were never meant to be.

Thus it is,that affluence brings friends but adversity perusal them.

The Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization is one of the world’s oldest civilization.It is popularly known as Harappan Civilization because the first territory to be carved was ‘Harappa’ in the year 1921 under the oversight of Daya Ram Sahni.

THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

The extent of this civilization:

  • In the west is up to Sutkagendor in Baluchistan ( now it is a part of Pakistan ).
  • Alamgirpur ( Uttar Pradesh ) in the East.
  • Daimabad ( Maharashtra ) in south.
  • & Manda ( J & K ) in the north.

This Civilization refer to Bronze Age/ Chatholic Age. Thus, it is also called Bronze Age Civilization.

Some General Facts About Sites located in this Civilization

1.Harappa

The Locales of Harappa
  • It had working floors consisting of rows of circular brick platforms which were meant for threshing grain have been found here.
  • Six granaries and sixteen Agnikundas ( firepits ) have been found here.
  • People here knew the process of making tarcoal.
  • Main gate for the entry in the houses of Harappa was in the North Direction.

2.Mohenjodaro

The site Mohenjodaro
  • Mohenjodaro was discovered in 1992 under the supervision of R.D.Bannerji
  • The literal definition of Mohenjodaro in Sindhi language is “Mound of the Dead”.
  • There found some evidences that shows how properly assembled were the halls,kitchen, & courtyard were.
  • Seven layers of Mohenjodaro city directs that the city was destroyed and rebuilt seven times.3.

3.Lothal

The locale of Lothal
  • A dockyard have been found at Lothal.
  • In 1957, Lothal was found by S.R.Rao in Gulf of Cambay Gujarat.
  • Red & Black clay pots, copper tools, brick built tank like structure,a bead making factory & a seal from Iran have been discovered at Lothal.
  • Also some liner scale of bronze have been found here.

Besides locales of this civilization there are some more amazing facts such as :

1.Town Planning : It was one of the most distinguishable feature of this civilization.Hence ,this civilization also known as first Urbanization.

2.Economy : Agriculture & Animal husbandry were popular since that age.They used to grow crops like wheat,barley,cotton,mustard. Harappan domesticated sheep,goat,buffalo & pig.They also knew about Tiger,camel,elephant various birds etc however they were unaware of lions.

3.Crafts :The Harappa culture belongs to the Bronze Age,as the people were very well acquainted with the manufacture and use bronze.The weavers also used to wove clothes of wool and cotton.Remains suggests that pottery was also done by people of this civilization. Some Seal were also found. However they were not aware of Iron.

4.Trade: Land and sea trade was in vogue.The most prominent trading partner was Mesopotamia.The mesopotamia inscription refer to trade relation with Meluha which was the ancient name given to Indus Region.

5.Religion: Pashupati seal has been found from Mohejodaro in which a Yogi figure has been depicted.The yogi on the seal is surrounded by buffalo,tiger,elephant,rhinoceros and dear.Hence the Yogi is said to be proto-Shiva.Harappans also worshipped Mother Goddess.

6.Script of Harappa: The Harappas knew the art of writing.There are nearly 4,000 specimens of Harappan writing on stone seals and other objects. Harappan Script is not alphabetical but mainly pictographic.

7.Decline of Harappan Civilization: There are several view points of the different historians on the decline of the Harappan Civilization.According to Wheeler Aryan attack was the cause of decline of Harappan Civilization & as per G.F.Dales and Marshal,Aryans were not responsible for the decline of this civilization.Also James Marshall stated that natural calamities were responsible for the decline of Harappan civilization.

Human & Environment

“Food, Clothe, and Shelter” we all have been told that these are the basic requirements of an individual’s survival but have not we ever thought what is the basic requirement for existence? Isn’t the air we breathe in? Isn’t it the environment we dwell in?

Environment sheltered us, provided atmosphere to breathe, lithosphere to prevail & a lot more but as a human what we’ve done? In couple of years due to industrialization, chemical industries, excessive usage of fuel based vehicles, improper wastage management & a lot has resulted in degradation of the environment.

But also every problem has it’s solution & even the Impossible says ” I’m Possible”. We can together still make a change & work in betterment of the environment and we can achieve success in restoration of the environment by several practices like-

*Plantation

*Minimizing the usage of vehicles that leads to air pollution

*Encouraging & implementing carpool,using bicycles & even walking is walking for health as well.

*Spreading awareness among people about the consequences & trying to make our lives go eco-friendly.

We human beings are the superior most creation of the Almighty. Let us come together & work on the refinement of the environment & Mother Earth. Let us pledge to prevent it from pollution as much as possible & pay back to the love we’ve received from our environment. At end of the day where we will go if have left out residence destroyed.? Same is the case with our environment if we didn’t take care of it we’ll be drifting apart.

Conclusion : Invest a little of ourselves for the sake of the environment before it is delayed.

Jealousy-A weapon or a curse?

We all are familiar with the term jealousy but what is it exactly? In general words ,it is a feeling developed in an individual for another which acts as a hindrance that doesn’t allow smooth functioning between the two.We knew this, right? But what are the causes, perks, and cons, and how can someone overcome this feeling?Wait a min causes and cons are fine but perks? Does it have any positive side too? Well, let us look into the causes first and then see how to overcome the cons & enjoy utilize the perk.

*What Implants Jealousy?

We all are born as an infant and it takes years to understand things,develop emotions,become mature enough.Behind every emotion there’s some or the other reason that leads to certain conclusion e.g. jealousy.In most of the cases, jealousy occurs due to a lack of blessings,asserts,position,surroundings etc that one person is blessed with while another one is not.Also, excessive comparison and competition may leave a negative impact on one’s mind making them a target of their own thoughts.

*What does Jealousy do?

It is a negative emotion that may land a person to nothing but to “END IN SMOKE”. Yes, it is such a lethal process that despite putting 100% as an input returns 15-20% as an output. The person might assume they’ve given their best but as a matter of fact they have not.Deep down they’re being constantly eaten up by insecurities caused by jealousy.

Then how to deal with it? The answer is same as the perk of jealousy.

*Jealousy as a fuel

The same feeling that caused so many damages can be used as fuel in the process of an individual’s making.Yea,it all depends on the perspective.One should consider the emotion as a motivation to achieve everything that they’re missing instead of burning in their emotion and dwelling in.

SEE IT IS AS SIMPLE! THE THING THAT BOTHERS CAN BE THE MOTIVATION THAT HELPS IN BATTLING & WINNING.