Category: News

Comprehensive, up-to-date news coverage, aggregated from sources all over the world by EduindexNews.

Climate change is the greatest threat of our time.

Climate change is happening now and it affects our everyday lives. We are seeing increased frequency and strength of coastal storms. Rainfall events are becoming more severe. Heat waves are affecting human health and our valuable agriculture sector. And, as a coastal state, we must pay attention to changes in sea levels.

The term “climate change” refers to a rise in the average global temperature due to an increase in the concentration of atmospheric green house gases, resulting in numerous climatic shifts and impacts around the globe.

The term “global warming” is also used, although it is important to recognize that the increase in temperature is a global average AMD individual locations will experience varied temperature and precipitation changes.

The earth’s climate changes

Several gases, such as carbon dioxide(CO2) and methene (CH4), exist naturally in the atmosphere and contribute to the warming of the earth’s surface by trapping heat from the sun, in what is known as the greenhouse effect. When the proportion of such greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is stable, the effect is beneficial, making surface temperatures warmer and alleviating temperature swings.

However, human activity is increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which is already causing average temperatures to rise.

Effects of climate change

• UV Exposure

– Skin cancer (an abnormal growth of skin tissues)

– Premature aging (make the skin thick, wrinkled and leathery)

– Eye damages (cataracts, degenration of yellow spot, skin cancer around eyes etc)

– Suppression if immunity (over exposure of UV-B radiation suppresses and weakens body immunity system)

The Pegasus spyware hack reveals that Apple needs to substantially improve iPhone security.

Apple has always been proud of the secure service it provides to its customers. It often pokes fun at Android, speaks at length about privacy during keynotes, and has released few features that have irritated the other Big Tech companies. However, the new Pegasus spyware disclosure has left Apple red-faced, indicating that the Cupertino-based tech company has to beef up its security. Journalists and human rights campaigners from all around the world, including India, were targeted by the malware.

The Amnesty International Security Lab discovered evidence of Pegasus infections or attempted infections in 37 of the total 67 cellphones examined. 34 of them were iPhones, with 23 displaying evidence of a successful Pegasus infection and the other 11 displaying signs of an attempted infection.

Only three of the 15 Android cellphones, on the other hand, revealed signs of a hacking effort. However, there are two things to consider before assuming that Android phones are safer than iPhones. One, Amnesty’s investigators confirmed that Pegasus evidence was located on the iPhone more than anywhere else. Android’s logs aren’t large enough to retain all of the data required for decisive findings. People have greater security expectations than the iPhone, for two reasons.

Apple has often said in previous years that the iPhone is a more secure phone than Android, and this assertion holds whether Pegasus is there or not. However, the Pegasus tale demonstrates that the iPhone is not as secure, or rather unhackable, as Apple claims. This is reflected in Amnesty International’s statement.

The issue is especially concerning because it affected even the most recent iPhone 12 devices running the most recent version of Apple’s operating system. That’s usually the best and last level of protection a smartphone maker can provide.

“Apple strongly opposes cyberattacks against journalists, human rights advocates, and anyone working to make the world a better place,” Ivan Krstic, head of Apple Security Engineering and Architecture, said in a statement to India Today Tech. Apple has led the industry in security innovation for over a decade, and as a consequence, security experts believe that the iPhone is the safest and most secure consumer mobile device available. Such attacks are very complex, cost millions of dollars to create, have a short shelf life, and are used to target specific persons. While this means they pose no harm to the vast majority of our users, we continue to work diligently to secure all of our customers, and we’re always implementing additional safeguards for their devices and data.”

How did the iPhone’s security get hacked?

Pegasus zero-click assaults were used to hack the iPhones, according to the study. It claims that thousands of iPhones have been infected, but it cannot confirm the exact number of phones that have been affected. ‘Zero-click’ assaults, as the name implies, do not involve any activity from the phone’s user, giving an already strong virus even more potential. These attacks target software that accepts data without first determining whether or not it is trustworthy.

In November 2019, Google Project Zero security researcher Ian Beer uncovered a similar vulnerability, revealing that attackers may take total control of an iPhone in the radio vicinity without requiring any user input. Apple released a software update to remedy the problem but confessed that it was powerful enough to damage the devices.

Because zero-click attacks don’t involve any user interaction, avoiding them becomes extremely tough. Even if you are aware of phishing attempts and use the best online practices, you may still be targeted by this malware.

What does Pegasus have access to?

While there is an amount of data on who was impacted and how they were affected, no investigation has been able to uncover the data that was gathered. However, the options are limitless. Pegasus may gather emails, call logs, social network posts, user passwords, contact lists, photos, videos, sound recordings, and browser history, among other things.

It also can turn on the cameras or microphones to acquire new photos and recordings. It can listen to voice mails and gather location records to figure out where a user has gone, and it can do all of this without the user accessing their phone or clicking on a strange link.

ELECTRIC SCOOTER

PROS TO USE ELECTRIC SCOOTER:

Let’s see how some of the main advantages of choosing to buy an electric scooter:

1.Storage Space: The electric scooter has an area under the seat that allows us to carry bags, packages or backpacks in any comfort.


2.Fuel Savings: One of the significant advantages of the electric scooter is substantial for the pocket of the final consumer: the considerable savings in gasoline.


3.Freedom: Get from Point A to Point B fast, no more waiting for the bus, waiting for the taxi. Simply unfold your scooter and you are ready to go.


4.Ecology and Respect for the Environment: Every time we use an electric scooter we are contributing our bit to that ecological spirit that should be present in our daily lives.


5.Lower Maintenance cost among many other differences with gasoline engines: electric motor does not need to spend time or money on maintenance tasks such as oil changes, filters, etc.


6.Lower Acoustic Impact: Although some detractors of the electric scooter wield the argument that “it does not make noise” we have to keep in mind that noise pollution is one of the severe problems of the current urban society. It has been shown that street noise reduces between 30% and 40% the productivity of people working in the environment. However, the constant noise suffered by the motorcyclist affects his concentration on the road over time and to their levels of stress, anxiety, and aggression. Electric scooter, on the other hand, is less noisy.


I don’t know what you think about the electric scooter, but for us, it is a clean, fast and agile way to get around the city. There are many advantages offered by this way of driving through large cities. It makes more and more people prefer to move in this way.

A Great Martial Artist ‘Bruce Lee’.

Born – Lee Jun-fan, November 27, 1940 ,San Francisco, California, U.S.

Died – July 20, 1973 ,(aged 32)Kowloon Tong,British Hong Kong.

Cause of death – Cerebral edema ,Resting place Lake View Cemetery, Seattle, Washington, U.S.

Other names – Bruce Lee Siu-Lung, Lee Yuen-cham, Lee Yuen-kam.

Citizenship – United StatesBritish Hong Kong

Occupation – Martial artist,philosopher, actor, director, screenwriter, producer.

Spouse(s) – Linda Emery ​(m. 1964).

About Bruce Lee:

Bruce Lee, the very name breathes enthusiasm and life euphoria in the minds of thousands of action movie lovers. When we talk about action movies today, particularly in the martial arts genre, it is impossible to forget, that Bruce Lee was the one who began it all with movies like The Big Boss (1971), Fist of Fury (1972), Way of the Dragon (1972), Enter the Dragon (1973) and The Game of Death (1978). Gone were the days when action movie lovers would be pleased with the gun fight of Clint Eastwood or the epic chariot races of Charlton Heston. Kung Fu had made its entrance in the world of entertainment, courtesy the silver screen. Bruce Lee was born on 27 November 1940. His father, Lee Hoi Chuen, was Chinese and his Catholic mother, Grace Ho, was of three-quarter Chinese and a quarter German ancestry. Lee and his parents went from the US to Hong Kong when he was three months old. Lee’s father was one of the leading Cantonese opera and film actors at the time.

At the age of thirteen, Bruce Lee took Kung Fu lessons with Yip Man. Having learnt the basics from his father, Bruce showed keen interest in the art and a year later, in 1955, had private training with the man who would later become the President of the Australian Federation of Kung Fu, William Cheung. At this time, the martial artist, Wong Shun Leung, who was consistently involved with dangerous and brutal competitions, had Bruce Lee privately train with him. Both Wong Shun Leune and William Cheung were students of Yip Man in his school at the same time as young Bruce Lee. Despite the advantages of his family’s high social status during his youth in Hong Kong, the neighbourhood where Bruce grew up was dangerous and full of gang rivalry. Bruce Lee evolved in these conditions as a dangerous street fighter. No wonder then that at the high school level at St Francis Xavier’s College in Kowloon, Lee was part of the school boxing team in inter-school tournaments.

Through his father, Bruce was introduced into films, and by the time he was 18, he had acted in 20 films. While in the United States from 1959 to 1964, Lee abandoned thoughts of a film career in favour of pursuing a career in martial arts. Destiny had different plans for him and the lightning fast moves of Bruce Lee landed him the role of Kato in the TV series The Green Hornet. This led to a host of other television serials like Iron Side (1967) and Here Come the Brides (1969). Lee’s return to Hong Kong landed him in Raymond Chow’s The Big Boss and Fist of Fury, and Lee was a big star overnight. Lee became a god of action cinema with the Warner Brothers’ production Enter the Dragon, but a cruel and inexplicable death snatched him away from his fans six days before the release of this movie.

We remember Lee today as a man who redefined action on the silver screen. We remember his high kicks, his exceptionally fast punches and the spine-chilling fight sequences. ‘Lee, pound for pound, might well have been one of the strongest men in the world, and certainly one of the quickest,’ said Chuck Norris. When a child today watches Jackie Chan or Jet Li and gets excited to throw a punch, no father fails to remind him that these are compared to the master-Bruce Lee. hing Lee has left a unique legacy in the world of sports and cinema, imitated by millions but mastered by none.

Devoted Teacher:

Lee finished high school in Edison, Washington, and subsequently enrolled as a philosophy major at the University of Washington. He also got a job teaching the Wing Chun style of martial arts that he had learned in Hong Kong to his fellow students and others. Through his teaching, Lee met Linda Emery, whom he married in 1964. By that time, Lee had opened his own martial arts school in Seattle.He and Linda soon moved to California, where Lee opened two more schools in Oakland and Los Angeles. He taught mostly a style he called Jeet Kune Do, or “The Way of the Intercepting Fist.” Lee was said to have deeply loved being an instructor and treated his students like a clan, ultimately choosing the world of cinema as a career so as not to unduly commercialize teaching.Lee and Linda also expanded their immediate family, having two children — Brandon, born in 1965, and Shannon, born in 1969.

Mysterious Death:

Most of the people said that he died under mysterious circumstances .On July 20, 1973, just one month before the premiere of Enter the Dragon, Lee died in Hong Kong, China, at the age of 32. The official cause of his sudden and utterly unexpected death was a brain edema, found in an autopsy to have been caused by a strange reaction to a prescription painkiller he was reportedly taking for a back injury. Controversy surrounded Lee’s death from the beginning, as some claimed he had been murdered. There was also the belief that he might have been cursed, a conclusion driven by Lee’s obsession with his own early death.More rumors of the so-called curse circulated in 1993, when Brandon Lee was killed under mysterious circumstances during the filming of The Crow. The 28-year-old actor was fatally shot with a gun that supposedly contained blanks but somehow had a live round lodged deep within its barrel.

VILLAGES : Strength or Weakness for the Nation.

Villages are definitely our strength, but because of less support for agriculture, village people are migrating to cities. government should provide loans and insurance for agriculture . Villages are the backbone of India because most of the food crops are in villages.so literally villages are feeding everyone. ecological balance is maintaining by village because of the environment of village. more three, eco-friendly habits helps to keep village pollution-free. Though the time are changing and pollution levels are increasing in villages ,there is a huge difference between pollution levels of villages and cities. India is well known for its tradition& cultural values, which can be seen more in village. Festivals and traditional ceremonies are celebrated by those who moved to cities. India’s economy depends a lot upon agriculture sector. Agriculture, along with fisheries and forestry, accounts for one-third of the nation’s gross domestic product. hence village are the strength of India economy. Village people have more unity ,helping nature, hardworking nature. Healthy food and lifestyle of villages is being replicated in cities these day’s thus making India more healthier. Once, India was called as ‘GOLDEN BIRD’ due to villages. People of other countries have positive on India and treat India as a spiritual destination, they are imbibing our practices and culture that is mainly in India villages, to lead a healthy and peaceful life.

World Earth Day

April 22 is commended as the World Earth Day to exhibit support for the well being of the Earth and raise open mindfulness about the issue. Since 1970, over 190 nations, praise it consistently. This year, consenting to of Paris arrangement adds more criticalness to the significance of World Earth Day. Around 120 nations, including the US and China, will sign this arrangement and vow to deliver laws that will diminish the emanation of ozone harming substances into the climate.

World Earth Day is praised worldwide to make mindfulness about the consistently expanding global warning, to advise openly about the cataclysmic influences it has on our day by day lives, and to teach everybody about techniques to forestall and fix the harm that has been done work date. Different consuming issues identified with environmental change, continually expanding ocean level, exhaustion of the ozone layer, and merciless deforestation are discussed in the open.

Each individual can contribute in their specific manner to make this day a triumph. On this day, a few volunteers go to a close-by land to plant trees for a greener planet while a few volunteers choose to clean neighbouring paths or waterways. Various specialists hold hands and attempt to make open mindfulness by making banners, through origami ventures or their works of art.

Long-distance races are sorted out, individuals take an interest in flame light walk, and the nearby bodies organize many Earth day programs. We should hold hands to praise the World Earth Day on April 22 in the manner we can. Indeed, even a little motion like turning off the lights of our home for one hour has a major effect. It is our home, our Earth, and we must fix the harm that we have caused.

POLLUTION

Pollution is the process in which undesirable toxic contaminants contaminate our environment like air, water, soil, etc. It is creating sudden changes in the ecosystem, which is directly on indirectly leaving adverse effects on the lives of human beings, animals, and plants. It creates an imbalance in the natural system. Many things which are making our lives easy are harmful to the environment. For example, vehicles leave gases that pollute the air. Industries and household garbage pollute both water and air.

Every living being on Earth depends on air and water. When these two things get polluted, all the lives on Earth come at a risk. It is seen that urban areas get more polluted than in rural areas. Though rural areas also get polluted by harmful pesticides used in farming lands. Because of pollution, many new diseases appear daily, which are extremely dangerous for the health of living beings. It has now become a serious problem globally. Global Warming is now the cause of headaches for all human beings worldwide. It is the pollution that is indirectly affecting the change in the weather. This global issue needs immediate action. Otherwise, it will be challenging to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Types of Pollution

There are various kinds of pollution around us. Here, we will discuss more on the types of pollution.

– Air Pollution: It is sometimes visible like we can see polluted air left by the vehicles on the road because of its different colour. In most cases, it is not visible. Polluted air mainly affects the eyes and lungs of human beings as well as animals. It can even kill a living creature within a few minutes. We know about many incidents where harmful gas leakage has killed people. Even natural disasters can make the air toxic. Like volcanic eruptions produce harmful gases that affect human health and other natural resources as well. Vehicles and factories produce harmful gases that, in reaction to sunlight, creates thick fog. Air pollution also contributes to Acid Rain. It can destroy water life, forests, etc.

– Water Pollution: Same like water, one kind of water pollution is visible like muddy water, water with garbage, etc. At the same time, some visibly clean water can contain chemicals that are dangerous to our health. Drinking polluted water can cause serious health issues. A lot of people die worldwide by consuming contaminated water. It can also indirectly affect humans and animals. Like if we eat a fish from a polluted river or sea, we also absorb the potential pollutants. Natural gas and oil can also contribute to the pollution of water. Liquid wastes from factories also pollute the water. Solid wastes disturb the drainage system. Sewages, agricultural waste, acid rain are essential causes of water pollution.

– Soil Pollution: Solid wastes from factories and households pollute the land. Harmful chemicals mix in the soil through the pesticides used in agriculture. Pollutants from landfills mix in the ground and pollute it. When we eat plants that have grown in the polluted land, we indirectly consume contaminants harmful to our health.

Advantages of Online Business

With the development and growth of technology in today’s world, people go for much easier and faster ways to do absolutely anything. Nowadays everything can be easily done with just some clicks here and there. From paying your bills to shopping for your birthday, from wanting to eat a small burger to planning a huge party, almost every single thing is possible online. 

Do you want an Android mobile phone, or do you want a flight ticket to go meet your family? Name it and you got it. Are you still stuck in your mind thinking “Should I start a business online?” If yes, then go nowhere else. We are here to clear your doubts about it and persuade you to just go for it. So yes, you should do business online. Now let’s see why. 

Why Should You Do Business Online? 

We will tell you all about why to start a business online. We are going to shoot you some persuasive points to start a business online. 

  1. Extremely inexpensive

When starting it will be a little expensive but just to fuel the process. Once you have started an online store or maybe an online blog, then you just need a website with a domain name and your business will take off in no time.

  1. Flexibility of time

Depending on the type of online business you wish to start, you will have the flexibility of time and work. You can choose what time of the day you want to work. But this does not mean you relax all the time thinking it is going well. You need to work according to what your business requires. But you can do that at your own convenient time.

  1. Choose your location

In an online business, you are not forced to sit at a desk all the time. You can work from the comfort of your home. You don’t need to spend hours daily stuck in traffic to reach your office or you don’t need to ask for a weekend off to go for a trip with your family. You have the freedom to choose from where you want to work.

  1. Huge income and growth potential

Before starting an online business you should know that your income won’t be defined by the number of hours you work. It solely depends on the amount of progress and productivity of your work. Try to work on the important parts and reduce your time of work. The main focus should be on consistency. Unlike those 9 to 5 office jobs, online business runs even when you relax for some time.

Photo by Michael Burrows on Pexels.com
  1. In action all the time

Online businesses can run all 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It does not require you always hovering over your screen to work all the time. Keep track of what important is going on and relax for a bit. It provides the owner, flexibility in how they want to work.

  1. Outsourcing your work

As you grow in your online business, begin to earn some money you can start to outsource your work to other contractors or hire them. You can also hire some employees to help you ahead in your journey. Outsourcing work does not cost a lot of money instead it helps you grow your business more and at significantly higher levels.

  1. Focus on important things

One of the most useful perks of starting a business online is that it allows you to focus on the most important aspects of your life rather than just working 24/7. You can build a platform for yourself by sharing your information and ideas with like-minded people. You can spend quality time with your friends and family. You can also guide other individuals thinking of starting an online business too.

  1. Creates long term financial security

An online business that you started just as an experiment of a new thing, can be grown to become a stable, well-established business in the market. It can become your main source of revenue as well. It will provide you with financial security for a longer period than you expected. And not just one, you can add more businesses along the way.

  1. Less overhead and financial commitment

To start a business, people usually take loans, property leases are signed, and what not is done to start the business. But the advantage of online business is that it requires a less overhead and financial commitment. This is also a great path for young entrepreneurs to chase their passion and find stability at a young age.

  1.  Easy to excel

 It has become much easier to be successful in online businesses than it is in others. There is much scope in many different types of businesses around the world. 

There, you have it. You have now got all the motivation you need to start an online business. Make sure to keep these points in mind whenever you have doubts about starting an online business. Hope we threw away the question from your mind. Now, what do you say? Should you start a business online? We hope you got the correct answer. Yes, go for it!

GURUKULAM

A Gurukula or Gurukulam ia a type of education system in ancient India with students and disciples living near or with the Guru.The word gurukula is a combination of the Sanskrit words Guru means ‘teacher’ and Kula means ‘family’ or ‘home’.The term is also used today to refer to residential monasteries or schools operated by modern gurus.The students are more disciplined and organized.They are taught to follow a well-planned schedule in school.The students are more focused and possess more concentration power than normal students. This is because they are trained through techniques such as meditation which enhances their focusing power.

Although technology and other facilities vary according to schools, government schools generally have fewer facilities than private schools. Government schools also have a greater number of students than private students; the number of students in a class may also be drastically high due to lack of facilities. However, it is important to notice that government schools always hire highly qualified teachers; teachers must meet all state-mandated requirements and be proficient in their subject to work in a government school.

Telangana Gurukul Common Entrance Test for admissions into class 5, in Suryapet district on sunday.Parents stand outside on exmination centre as their wards appear for the test(in above picture).There is a growing demand for admissions into Gurukul schools in the state.

What is Affiliate Marketing ?

Affiliate marketing is the process of earning money (commissions) every time you promote a company’s products or services and drive a sale. You only get paid every time you drive a sale, just like a commission-only sales representati

How Does Affiliate Marketing Work?

Because affiliate marketing works by spreading the responsibilities of product marketing and creation across parties, it manages to leverage the abilities of a variety of individuals for a more effective marketing strategy while providing contributors with a share of the profit. To make this work, three different parties must be involved:

  1. Seller and product creators.
  2. The affiliate or advertiser.
  3. The consumer.

Let’s delve into the complex relationship these three parties share to ensure affiliate marketing is a success.

1. Seller and product creators.

The seller, whether a solo entrepreneur or large enterprise, is a vendor, merchant, product creator, or retailer with a product to market. The product can be a physical object, like household goods, or a service, like makeup tutorials.

2. The affiliate or publisher.

Also known as a publisher, the affiliate can be either an individual or a company that markets the seller’s product in an appealing way to potential consumers. In other words, the affiliate promotes the product to persuade consumers that it is valuable or beneficial to them and convince them to purchase the product. If the consumer does end up buying the product, the affiliate receives a portion of the revenue made.

3. The consumer.

Whether the consumer knows it or not, they (and their purchases) are the drivers of affiliate marketing. Affiliates share these products with them on social media, blogs, and websites.

How Do Affiliate Marketers Get Paid?

A quick and inexpensive method of making money without the hassle of actually selling a product, affiliate marketing has an undeniable draw for those looking to increase their income online. But how does an affiliate get paid after linking the seller to the consumer?

The answer can get complicated.

The consumer doesn’t always need to buy the product for the affiliate to get a kickback. Depending on the program, the affiliate’s contribution to the seller’s sales will be measured differently.

The affiliate may get paid in various ways:

1. Pay per sale.

This is the standard affiliate marketing structure. In this program, the merchant pays the affiliate a percentage of the sale price of the product after the consumer purchases the product as a result of the affiliate’s marketing strategies. In other words, the affiliate must actually get the investor to invest in the product before they are compensated.

2. Pay per lead.

A more complex system, pay per lead affiliate programs compensates the affiliate based on the conversion of leads. The affiliate must persuade the consumer to visit the merchant’s website and complete the desired action — whether it’s filling out a contact form, signing up for a trial of a product, subscribing to a newsletter, or downloading software or files.

3. Pay per click.

This program focuses on incentivizing the affiliate to redirect consumers from their marketing platform to the merchant’s website. This means the affiliate must engage the consumer to the extent that they will move from the affiliate’s site to the merchant’s site. The affiliate is paid based on the increase in web traffic.

JAMES BOND OF INDIA

AJIT DOVAL The James bond of India born in a small village of Uttarakhand and had a childhood dream of serving the nation. Later ,he became an IPS Officer .The first posting was at the Kottayam district of kerala where had done his duty efficiently by recovering loots caused in the Thalassery Riot in1972.He worked as an undercover in pakistan for almost seven years, where he played the role of being a Muslim citizen .The spy terminated 15 hijackings of Indian airlines from 1971-1999.He also played a major role in the Operation Black Thunder and many more missions. He is the 2nd most powerful person in India after PM Modi .Ajit DOVAL was the youngest officer to receive a Police Medal for his meritorious services .He was the Director of Intelligence Bureau in 2004 and is now the 5th National Security Advisor to the Pm of India .He was the mastermind behind the Surgical Strike of 2016 and the Balakot Air Strike of 2019.He played a pivotal role in revocation of the Article 370 of Jammu & Kashmir and in the merger of sikkim in India.

Basic operation concepts

-The activity in computers is governed by Instruction. 

-To perform a given tosk, a set of instructions (program) is stored in memory.

→ Individual instructions are brought from the memory into the processor, which execute the specific operation.

– Data to be used of operands are also stored in memory

Example 

The instruction reined the several steps

1) The instruction is fetched from the memory into the processor.

2)Then operand at LOCA is fetched and added to the content of RO.

3)Resulting Sum is stored in RO.

→ The Add instruction comling a memory access operation with an ALU operation

Henceforth these two types of operation are performed by separate instruction for performance Reasons 

               Load LOCA, R₁   ; LOCA→R₁

               ADD R, Ro          ; R₁+Ro→Ro

1)The First instruction transfer the contents of memory location LOCA into processor Register R₁ 

2)The second instruction add  Ro & R₁ content and place the sum at Ro.

* Transfer between memory and the processor are sorted by sending the address of the memory location to be accessed to the memory unit and issuing appropriate control signals. Then data transfers from memory

HMDA

The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority(HMDA) is the urban planning agency of Hyderabad in the Indian state of Telangana.The HMDA administers the Hyderabad Metrolitan Region, spread over area of 7257 km2 and covers the districts of Hyderabad,Medchal, part of Rangareddy, Bhuvanagiri, Sangareddy, Medak and Siddipet.The purpose of planning, co-ordination, supervising, promoting and securing the planned development of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region.

This work has taken up by the HMDA on the Tank Bund road, progressing at a brisk place.The intiative was taken up to elevate it’s look and create facilities for citizens.

Outer Ring Road

HMDA built the Outer Ring Road at a cost of 6696 crores. The project started in 2005 and was completed in May 2018.

Hyderabad Master Plan 2031

Area Covered

The Hyderabad Master Plan 2031 for Hyderabad Metropolitan Region covers an area of around 5965 Sq.Kms., which consists of:

  1. Extended area of HMDA of 5018 Sq.Kms.
  2. Areas covered by Outer Ring Road Growth Corridor i.e., 1 Km belt on either side of ORR (330 Sq.Kms) earlier notified vide G.O.Ms.No.470 MA dt:09.07.2008.
  3. Areas covered by Part of Erstwhile HUDA Area outside Outer Ring Road Growth Corridor (432 Sq.Kms) earlier notified vide G.O.Ms.No.288 MA dt:03.04.2008.
  4. Portions covered by Part Hyderabad Airport Development Authority Master Plan, outside Outer Ring Road Growth Corridor (185 Sq.Kms) earlier notified vide G.O.Ms.No.287 MA dt:03.04.2008.
  5. Areas covered by Master Plan for Bhongiri earlier notified vide G.O.Ms.No.242 MA dt:11.05.1989.
  6. Areas covered by Master Plan for Sangareddy earlier notified vide G.O.Ms.No.32 MA dt:12.01.1988.

The Hyderabad Master Plan 2031 (HMDA Master Plan 2031) envisages a population of 184 lakhs by 2031, work force of 65 lakhs, the present trends of developments, the Inner Ring Road, the Outer Ring road and radial roads.

The HMDA master plan 2031 of hyderabad has proposed a radial-concentric structure of development with new urban nodes and urban centers in all directions to promote balanced development in the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region with a Peri Urban Zone all along the urban area, hierarchy of circulation network to cater to the present and future travel needs of population and activities.

Nobel prize

Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been honoring men and women from all corners of the globe for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and for work in peace. The foundations for the prize were laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will , leaving much of his wealth to the establishment of the Nobel Prize. The Nobel Committee, in fact, a notoriously conservative body which among other things had a marked antipathy to pure sciences, especially to Mathematical Physics. Restrained by a clause in Alfred Nobel’s will that the prize should go to the person whose ‘ discovery or invention’ shall have conferred the greatest benefit to mankind, the committee initially ignored the great theoretical advances in Physics. Wracked, no doubt, by guilt that he had become a merchant of death through his invention of dynamite and smokeless powder and plagued by sadistic fantasies of destruction, the Swedish chemist, engineer and aspiring poet, Alfred Nobel, who has been described as Europe’s richest vagabond , left his colossal fortune to the cause of progress in human knowledge. Five prizes were installed, one each for literature (‘to the person who shall have produced in the field of literature, the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency), Physics, Chemistry, medicine, and peace to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity among nations for abolition or reduction of armies, and for holding or promotion of peace ‘.

LET’S UNDERSTAND THE MEANING BEHIND THESE SLOKA FROM BHAGAVAD GEETA

  1. Gita dhyaanam – Meditation on the Gita

vasudeva sutam devam
kamsa chaanuura mardanam |
devakii paramaa nandam
krishnam vande jagat gurum ||

MEANING: I respect the son of Vasudeva, Devaki, the one who gave birth to such immoral child, the one who destroyed kamsa and who made this world. I salute to Lord Krishna.

  • Chapter 4, Verse 8

    paritraanaaya sadhuunaam vinaashaaya chadushkritaam |
    dharma samsthaapanaarthaaya sambhavaami yuge yuge ||

MEANING:  For the defence of good, for demolishing the evil and to entrench the dharma (righteousness). I (The Lord Krishna) took birth again and again.

  • Chapter 2, Verse 62

    dhyaayato vishayaanh pumsah sangasteshhupajaayate |
    sangaath samjaayate kaamah kaamaath krodho abhijaayate ||

When someone stay on sense object for long, the feeling of wanting that object is generated. This wants changes to desire, and this desire gives birth to anger.

  •  Chapter 2, Verse 63

    krodhaadbhavati sammohah sammohaatsmritivibhramah |
    smritibhramshaadbuddhinaasho buddhinaashaatpranashyati ||

    MEANING: From anger comes the false believe that conflict with reality; from false believe confuse memory is generated; from a confused memory the power or reason of ruin is created; from the reason of ruin, man finally destroys himself.
  • Chapter 6, Verse 5

    uddharedaatmanaatmaanam naatmaanamavasaadayeth |
    aatmaiva hyaatmano bandhuraatmaiva ripuraatmanah ||

MEANING: Efforts are the only thing that makes man to raise by its own. Let nobody not even you let degrade yourself.

Because a person’s best friend or his worst enemy is none other than his own self.

  • Chapter 4, Verse 7

    yadaa yadaa hi dharmasya glaanirbhavati bhaarata |
    abhyuktaanamadarmasya tadaatmaanam srijaamyahamh ||

MEANING: when the power of dharma (righteousness) is weaken and when there is increase in adharma (unrighteousness) ,I (Lord Krishna) born in this world.

  • Chapter 9, Verse 26

    patram pushhpam phalam toyam yo me bhaktyaa prayachchati |
    tadaham bhaktyupahritamashnaami prayataatmanah ||

MEANING: I welcome the offering of fruits, water, a flower as well as a leaf, when it is offered with affectionate loyalty.

  • Chapter 5, Verse 10

    brahmanyaadhaaya karmaani sangam tyaktvaa karoti yah |
    lipyate na sa paapena padmapatramivaambhasaa ||

MEANING: The one who devote and show loyalty toward god, without any attachment, remains distant from sin, just as leaf of lotus under the water.

  • Chapter 18, Verse 66

    sarvadharmaanparityajya maamekam sharanam vraja |
    aham tvaa sarvapaapebhyo mokshayishhyaami maa shuchah ||

MEANING: Leaving all path, come to me for shelter, no sorrow, I will release you from all sin.

  1. Chapter 3, Verse 37

    kaama eshha krodha eshha rajogunasamudbhavah |
    mahaashano mahaapaapma viddhyenamiha vairinamh ||

MEANING: Aspirations and anger are raised from affection are inappeasable and puta a man into a big sin and should be acknowledge as foe.

  1. Chapter 18, Verse 78

    yatra yogeshvarah krishhno yatra paartho dhanurdharah |
    tatra shriirvijayo bhuutirdhruvaa niitir matirmama ||

MEANING: Where there is Lord of protection, compassion and love, the Krishna and the world’s best archer Arjuna, there rule is a good fortune and will shower victory, prosperity, and justice. This is my strong believe.

As per the Bhagavad Gita these sloka are considered to be the most knowledgeable word to read.