MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY (AMENDMENT) BILL 2021

Context: Recently, the Rajya Sabha passed the Medical Termination Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2021.

● The Bill seeks to amend the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971.

● This Act covers abortions in India. It had been amended in 1975 and 2002.

●This is an important Bill that seeks to enhance the reproductive rights of women in india .

● Before the enactment of this legislation, abortion was prohibited under Section 312 of the Indian Penal Code.

According to this MTP Act, 1971, a pregnancy may be medically terminated by a registered medical practitioner:

  1. Where the length of the pregnancy does not exceed twelve weeks (for this, the opinion of one doctor was required).
  2. Where the length of the pregnancy has exceeded twelve weeks but does not exceed 20 weeks. In this case, for the abortion to take place, two doctors must be of the opinion that the continuation of the pregnancy would impair the mental and/or physical health of the mother, and/or that if the child were to be born, it would suffer from serious physical or mental abnormalities causing it to be handicapped.
  3. The law also required minor pregnant women to get written consent from the guardian for the abortion to be allowed.

Provisions:

Termination due to Failure of Contraceptive Method

Under the Act, a pregnancy may be terminated up to 20 weeks by a married woman in the case of failure of contraceptive method or device. The Bill allows unmarried women to also terminate a pregnancy for this reason.

Opinion Needed for Termination of Pregnancy:

• Opinion of one registered medical practitioner (instead of two or more) for termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks of gestation.

• Opinion of two registered medical practitioners for termination of pregnancy of 20-24 weeks of gestation.

• Opinion of the State-level medical board is essential for a pregnancy to be terminated after 24 weeks in case of substantial foetal abnormalities.

Medical Boards:

Every state government is required to constitute a Medical board

These Medical Boards will consist of the 5 members:

(i) a gynaecologist

(ii) a paediatrician

(iii) a radiologist or sonologist

(iv) any other number of members, as may be notified by the state government.

Upper Gestation Limit for Special Categories:

It enhances the upper gestation limit from 20 to 24 weeks for special categories of women which will be defined in the amendments to the MTP Rules and would include survivors of rape, victims of incest and other vulnerable women (like differently-abled women, minors) etc.

Confidentiality:

The “name and other particulars of a woman whose pregnancy has been terminated shall not be revealed”, except to a person authorised in any law that is currently in force.

Benefits:

Termination in Case of Anomaly:

A number of foetus abnormalities are detected after the 20th week, often turning a wanted pregnancy into an unwanted one.

Helps Special Category Women:

The law will help the rape victims, ill and under-age women to nd unde terminate the unwanted pregnancy lawfully.

Beneficial for Unmarried Women:

The Bill also applies to unmarried women and therefore, relaxes one of the regressive clauses of the 1971 Act, i.e., single women couldn’t cite contraceptive failure as a reason for seeking an abortion.

Allowing unmarried women to medically terminate pregnancies and a provision to protect the privacy of the person seeking an abortion will bestow reproductive rights to the women.

Abortion laws across the world:

Abortion laws vary across the world. It is learnt that around 60 countries prescribe gestational limits.

• 52 % including France, the UK, Austria, Ethiopia, Italy, Spain, Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland and even Nepal, allow for termination beyond 20 weeks on the diagnosis of foetal abnormalities.

● Some countries go beyond even these limits with laws in 23 countries-Canada, Germany, Vietnam, Denmark, Ghana, and Zambia-allowing for abortion at any time during the pregnancy on the request of the mother.

●Recently, Argentina became both the largest Latin American country and the third South American country to legalize abortion.

Challenges:

Viability of the Foetus:

● A key aspect of the legality governing abortions has always been the ‘viability’ of the foetus.

● Viability implies the period from which a foetus is capable of living outside the womb.

● As technology improves, with infrastructure up-gradation, and with skilful professionals driving medical care, this ‘viability’ naturally improves.

• Currently, viability is usually placed at about seven months (28 weeks) but may occur earlier, even at 24 weeks.

Thus, late termination of pregnancy may get in conflict with the viability of the foetus.

Preference for a Male Child:

The preference for a male child keeps sex determination centres in bussiness in spite of their illegal status. There are concerns that a more liberal abortion law can aggravate this state-of-affairs.

Change of Choice:

The current Bill does not consider factors such as personal choice, a sudden change in circumstances (due to separation from or eath of a partner), and domestic violence

Medical Boards:

●The present healthcare budgetary allocation makes setting up a board across the country, both financially and practically impossible.

● Access to the board by pregnant women in remote areas of the state is a matter of concern.

●No time limit set to respond to the requests.

● The board will subject women to multiple examinations before allowing her to terminate her pregnancy. This is a violation of right to privacy and right to live with dignity.

Way Forward

●Though Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) bill 2021 is a step in the right direction, the government needs to ensure that all norms and standardised protocols in clinical practice to facilitate abortions are followed in health care institutions across the country.

●Along with that, the question of abortion needs to be decided on the basis of human rights, the principles of solid science, and in step with advancements in technology.

FAILURES: REGRESSIVE OR PROGRESSIVE ?

“The only difference between success and failure is ability to take action.”….. Alexander Graham Bell

WHAT IS A FAILURE?

According to Wikipedia, “FAILURE is the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and may be viewed as opposite of success.”

In another definition of “ FAILURE is the act of falling short of a goal of a person, who hasn’t achieved what they set out to. It is a cessation of proper functioning or performance or rather a decline in strength or effectiveness.”

HOW IS IT DIFFER WITH SUCCESS?

Your action in your field of work, in your niche, in your desired goal of life, actually work like a decisive factor. If you feel harassed, defeated, exhausted, and give up pursuing, your efforts are bound to hang in the hands of destiny. These things leave you to procrastinate. Start moving away from the active zone and surrender to a gloomy laziness and here begins your downfall.

Now if you see this entire act in opposite train, you are able to penetrate and grip the reason of failure. You reschedule and reprogram your activity. You put more organised, alive and determined endeavour and keep faith within yourself, you are bound to hug success.

FAILURES ARE OUR BEST TEACHERS.

They are stepping stones to success, or to put it in other Words, they are the pillars of success. Since failures teach us to introspect or peep within, they make us think of our weaknesses and flaws and learn lessons from them and vow not to repeat these mistakes again in life. In this way they are a mirror to our real personality and provide scope for upgrading ourselves. Failures may discourage, depress, or demoralize. Most do shake a person’s confidence at least for some time but nor for ever. The real strength of a man comes out only when he faces the ups and downs of life with patience and perseverance.

BE OPTIMISTIC

Men of courage face each rejection courageously and come out unharmed and unblemished. Failures and sufferings bring out the best of human beings. They learn that life is not a bed of roses only; it is full of challenges, obstacles and obstructions which can be set aside with persistent hard work and repeated efforts. To achieve anything in life one has to be aggressive, as nothing is achieved by being passive or pessimistic. Fear of failure may be a hindrance for some people, but to any daring person, it is just an illusion. You may think something is standing in your way, but there is nothing there.

You have an opportunity to do your best and conquer success. If it turns out that your best was not good enough, you’ll just have to look back and say, maybe I was too afraid to try, it was not good enough. There is nothing wrong with that, but nevertheless, a great eye-opener.

HOW DOES IT WORK LIKE A PROPELLING FACTOR?

Failure always made me try harder the next time. Think positive. and find fuel in failure’ is a sound advice. Failure will surely get you closer to where you want to be. The greatest discoverers had to face hundreds of failures before the final answers were found. The inventors, researchers and pathfinders had to encounter manifold hardships and opposition. But were they deterred by failures? Many often could not taste success but left great legacy to be followed by others to seek inspiration and take up their half-finished work. The world would not have progressed and the march to civilization would have halted if failures could dampen the spirit of the people. It is, therefore, advisable not to be discouraged by failures but to develop positive attitude to life, that obstacles are bound to be there. Only commitment to your mission must be steadfast.

SO…..NEVER GIVE UP

Therefore, when failures appear awfully incontrollable and life appears miserable, one has to remember “The end part of every night is the darkest one and then comes the dawn.” Thus, when nothing appears to work out in the desired way and all roads seems to lead to failures, one has to just remember the advent of the dawn. Therefore, we shouldn’t drop hope but keep on trying till we achieve. No one knows, that the final round exertion may declare one a champion.

CONCEPT OF CULTIVATION IN INDIA

AGRICULTURE has been the backbone of Human existence since time immemorial.The Agricultural practices carried out in india are still largely traditional.In the years of its independence,india has made immense progress toward food security.India’s Green revolution Technology invloves production of crop and its irrigation.Agriculture employed more than 50% of the indian work force and has contributed 17-18%to country’s GDP.This is the most vital Sector for human survival.The economic contribution of Agriculture to india’s GDP is Steadily declining with country’s broad based economic growth.But still,it plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of india.Farmer refers to the person who engages in the activity of Growing crops and Various farming related occupations such as Sericulture,Verimiculture and Agro-forestry,it invloves fishers,livestock rearers, poultry,gardeners,Planting labourers etc.

INDIAN AGRICULTURE AND ITS IMPORTANCE:

Before the mid-1960s,India relied on imports and food aid to meet domestic requirements.However,two years of severe drought in 1965 and 1966 made india to to reform its agricultural policy.This formed india’s Green revolution with better farming knowledge to improve productivity.The State of Punjab led india’s green Revolution and is known to be the Country’s BreadBasket.With agricultural policy success in wheat,india’s green revolution spread to rice,farmers innvoated tube-wells,to harvest ground water.Agricultural Scientist MS SWAMINATHAN has played a vital role in the Green revoulution in 2013.

Organic farming considered to be the Traditional practice of harvesting with ancestral practices and cultivating procedures.The primary aim of this Organic farming is to help soil to get healthy through biological wastes ,organic wastes and bio-Fertilizers.Organic farming is a sytem that avoids use of synthetic inputs like pesticides,Fertilizers and chemicals, that relys on the techniques like Crop rotation ,Organic Waste ,Farm Manure and crop residues for Plants Protection and nutrients required for its Utilization.The need for this farming is a natural balance between life and property of existence.

Organic farming is based on the Following principles:

  • Soil is a living entity and gives good fertility for plant growth
  • Nature provides all the neccesities and don’t use any external agents
  • The health of soil and its structure is maintained as it is believed to be the most important medium

since india has Traditionally been practicing organic Farming and there is regulatory body that ensures the quality.National Programe on organic production (NPOP) regulates domestic and export markets.As the entire theme of organic farming revolves around healthy,living soil crop residue management.It ensures optimum productivity without fertility loss.Some strategies to consider for Organic farming are :

RAIN WATER HARVESTING:

Rain water harvesting is an important step in organic farming that is the only source of irrigation are seasonal rains,local ponds,percolation tanks,lakes and wells.Farm ponds must be dug and cultivation is practiced.

SOIL ENRICHMENT:

Soil must be enriched to the maximum extent.The golden rule here is to circulate the crop residue,cattle Droppings,and other biological waste back to the field to attain and enrich fertility of the soil.Bio-nutrients,Bio-fertilizers,compost pits must be used.

TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT:

Inspite of the increasing temparature and ill-effects of global warming this is a important consideration.The soil must be kept and covered to protect it from heat. Trees and bushes has to be planted on the banks.

MODERN CULTIVATION AND ITS ADVANTAGES:

Modern Agricultural systems , Modern machines can control the hard work of farmers.Modern farming was very successful in meeting a growing demand for food by the world’s population.Yields of primary crops such as rice and wheat increased dramatically with the general population growth.This boost in food production has been mainly to scientific advances and new crop varities with the use of pesticides and fertilizers and the construction of large irrigation systems.

The main Motto of Modern agricultural systems have been developed to obtain the highest yields and to get economic profit.It also has a concept of Monoculture,where only one crop is grown alone in a field .Monoculture makes it easier to sow seed,control weeds and harvest.Irrigation technolgies include supply of water to crops during times of dry weather in the place where natural rainfall is not sufficient for growing most of the crops.Modern culture has taken advantage of several more recent crop breeding techniques.

MODERN FARMING METHODS:

AEROPONICS SYSTEM:

This process of growing plants in air or mist environment without the utilize of soil as medium.It is a subset of Hydroponics and grows by suspending plant roots in the air and misting them with nutrient water.This uses liquid nutrient result as a growing medium and essential mineral to maintain plant growth.These are cost effective since won’t have to spend money on irrigation channels.

AQUAPONICS SYSTEMS:

Aquaponics is a closed loops system that relies on the acquaculture and agriculture for fertilization.While fish waste accumulates in the water and provides the nutrients essential for plant growth,the plants naturally clean the water.It benefits by using all the normal fertilizer sources from fish waste.Efficient,Sustainable and extremely productive.These are some important modern farming methods that have been in practice in recent times all over the world.Cultivation has its Importance within a sustainable and healthy environment.

THANK YOU !

Demonetisation- Pros & Cons

Demonetisation is a condition where in the Central Bank of a country withdraws the previous currency notes of certain denomination as the official mode of payment. It occurs when there is a change in national currency. The current form of money is removed from circulation and new notes are introduced in the market.

History of Demonetisation in India

The first wave of demonetisation in India occurred back in the year 1946 on the notes of Rs 1000 and Rs 10,000 which was done to stop unaccounted money. Out of 143 crores of money being circulated in the market only 134 crores were collected by the government and rest 9 crores were not exchanged hence demonetized. The government didn’t receive much profit and it turned out to be more like a currency conversion drive.

The second wave of demonetisation was seen during the year 1978 when the government decided to recall the reintroduced notes of Rs. 1000, Rs. 5000 and Rs. 10,000 from the market since the country was going through a rough time.

The third wave of demonetisation was in 2016.

2016 DEMONETISATION:

On 8th November 2016, the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi announced the demonetisation of existing higher denomination currency that is Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 within four hours of time. It was also declared that new Rs. 500 and Rs. 2000 notes will be issued soon.

Aim: The main agenda of this act was to cut down the shadow economy and diminish the use of illicit and counterfeit cash used to fund illegal activities and terrorism.

India wanted to curb corruption, promote cashless transactions, promote digitalisation and increase transparency in all the legal transactions occurring within the country.

Implementation: 50 days of time was given to people to exchange their demonetized notes for the new notes at banks i.e. until 30th December 2016. But new notes couldn’t be printed fast enough and caused millions of Indians cashless or standing in queues for hours each day to receive only small sums of money.

The imposition of daily limits on cash withdrawals from ATMs, weekly limits on withdrawals from bank accounts and checking the source of cash deposits in the banks helped the government to carry out the process. Demonetisation caused prolonged shortage of cash in the weeks that followed and also caused a large disruption in the economy.

PROS

Majority of Indians would deny that there were no benefits derived from demonetisation. Only, the problem for general public increased. But this is not the complete truth.

  • Eradication of black money– It helped the government to track people who were having large sums of unaccounted cash. After demonetisation, they had only two options- either reduce it to zero or to deposit it in their bank accounts and pay taxes on them. It was the main motive and biggest advantage behind this step that it is going to affect the corrupt practices. The government claimed that large sums of black money were kept hidden by tax evaders and demonetisation has helped it uncover the huge amount of unaccounted cash. According to estimates made by RBI during the demonetisation drive, people had deposited more than rupees 3 lakh crores worth of black money in the bank accounts.
  • Reduction in illegal activities– Huge sum of money especially in 500 and 1000 denominations were used in several illegal activities like terrorism, money laundering, Naxalites, gambling and also inflating the prices of major assets of the economy. But, after this step there was shortage of funds for these organisations to run. So, this reduced the illegal activities occurring within India or outside, that was occurring with help of Indian currency.
  • Cashless economy– This step had made possible in transforming India into a cashless economy. The proportion of hard cash had reduced and with help of digital payment modes like- Paytm, credit cards, debit cards, etc made the transformation possible. It even increased the transparency in the financial sector.
  • Reduction in government liability– For those people, who choose not to disclose the money, now that money was worthless. Thus, it reduced the governments liability to that extent. It reduced the risk and liability of handling liquid cash as compared to soft money and was much easier than hard cash. As every currency is government’s liability to pay and with fall in hard currency circulation, it reduced the liability.
  • Closure of shell companies– After the ban, approximately 2.24 lakh companies were closed which did not do any work for 2 years. Also, 3 lakh directors were disqualified. The purpose of these firms was to evade taxes.
  • Rise in tax revenue– When people started depositing their unaccounted cash into their accounts, they had to pay a significant amount of tax penalties on that money and even other taxes had increased considerably. Different taxes had increased the tax revenue of government. And, this revenue was used towards the betterment of the society.

CONS

  • Fall in GDP– This action of the government has directly affected the growth of the cash driven economy of India. The GDP of India fell from 8.01% of 2015-16 to 7.11% of 2016-17. This was because of the less availability of cash. It effected the primary working of every industry like production and manufacturing, even the banking department as they could not lend loans to the citizens.
  • Daily wagers– A large part of Indian economy includes people working on the daily wage purpose. They lost their jobs and couldn’t meet their daily expenses.
  • Agriculture Industry– It has affected the agriculture industry as the farmers are not able to purchase fertilizers and seeds to harvest. Most of the Indian population is indulged in the agriculture sector. In the agriculture sector the transactions are on cash basis and due to demonetisation they faced a lot of problem.
  • It impacted all sectors– All sectors came to a halt temporarily. Even the stock market, the investors and started withdrawing money from it, by selling the temporarily slump in the market. The real estate business had a massive loss as it mostly worked on black money.

Conclusion

As mentioned above, the primary aim of demonetisation was to a) weed out black money and b) introduce and promote the concept of digitalisation as a preventive measure against corruption.

The government had estimated that a sum of 3 lakh crore or 20% of demonetised banknotes would be removed from circulation in the market. 

However, according to the 2018 report from the Reserve bank of India approximately 99.3% of the demonetised banknotes that is ₹15.30 lakh crore of the ₹15.41 lakh crore that had been demonetised, were deposited to the banking system. This implies that banknotes of worth ₹10,720 crore were not deposited.

Hence, analysists concluded that the government had failed to achieve the motive of eradicating black money from the market. However, it succeeded in promoting digital transactions and electronic payments. The shortage of cash led to a sudden increase in electronic payments, usage of m-wallets etc. By April 2018, it was observed that the number of digital transactions had doubled. Apps like Paytm, BHIM, GPay gained a lot of new users during this period. 

Moreover, an increase in the tax revenue was also observed but studies show that there hasn’t been any substantial rise in the number of tax payers or direct tax collection due to demonetisation.

In addition to this, the GDP fell from 7.5 to 5.7 by June 2017 as it was extremely difficult for all sectors of the economy to recover from the losses and hardships that resulted from the flawed implementation process.

Due to the unavailability of cash, all the manufacturing and service industries experienced an unforeseeable halt which led to a decrease in the industrial output. The agricultural sector took a huge hit as it was heavily dependent on cash for purchase of seeds and other resources which inevitably led to an increase in the prices of crops. Henceforth, the workers employed in these sectors also suffered. According to a report from Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, 406.5 million were employed in September-December 2016. Post demonetisation, the number fell to 405 million in January-April 2017.

To conclude, Demonetisation was a bold move, although sudden and could have been a revolutionary move to combat corruption if implemented properly. The long-term aim of the government was to curb corruption and promote cashless transactions.

However, reports say that it failed to remove black money from the market. As a result of unavailability of cash, it succeeded in promoting cashless transactions but only for a short period of time.

Due to the flawed implementation process, the major contributors of the economy took a huge hit which some of the sectors still haven’t recovered from. Hence, we can say that the cons outweigh the pros and demonetisation failed not only as a measure taken to eradicate illegal practices in India but also caused major inconvenience to the general public and different sectors of the economy.

It could have been a huge success if a practical plan that dealt with all possible consequences was made beforehand as it affected all aspects and participants of the economy and hence, a back-up plan for all contingencies was a must. Also, the involvement of bankers and government officials in corrupted acts during the implementation of demonetisation slowed down the movement. Hence, diligent participation could have boosted the process.

“Boys don’t cry”

Ever heard a mom telling their young boy to “stop crying like a girl”. The mother would just be trying to make the boy stop crying. But, don’t you think a better approach to making the child stop crying would be listening to the problem and saying it will be fine.

Practices like these in our society have made men think that they have to act strong. Masculinity is considered strong and being feminine is weak.

What we forget in all this is that men just like women have emotions. but, they are forced to hide these feelings because then they won’t be considered “man enough”. Showing emotions is not a sign of weakness but that is how our society sees it.

“men are strong”

“women are weak”

A lot of the time guys feel pressured to act a certain way because of our society. They feel if they don’t act man enough they will be bullied. A lot of guys say things like, “why are you acting like a girl” or, “Stop acting gay” to the sensitive guys.

 So, to avoid that a lot of men act bad to “fit in” even if they aren’t like that in real life. It is considered “cool” to make sexist, racist, anti-feminist jokes because that is how their friends are going to accept them.

Is being called a girl or gay something to take offense for?

 Acknowledging emotions does not make people “weak”.

 Men who make fun of other men for being sensitive are the men who follow toxic masculinity. They are the ones that need to change their mentality.

Did you know that suicide rates in men are higher than in women?

 This mainly happens because men are forced to act strong even when they are struggling. Whereas, women tend to communicate their problems with their friends, family or even take help from a therapist.  But, when it comes to men they think they have to be strong and masculine. So, when they struggle they tend to think that there is no way out of their situation. 

If you are a man reading this. You don’t have to pretend to be strong. It is fine to struggle. Every human being has ups and downs in their life.

Something that will help you deal with those ups and downs is talking to people. Admit you have an issue, sometimes talking to people about problems is the only solution needed.

We as a society need to encourage men to open up. Parents need to start talking to their sons as much as they talk to their daughters. If you have a brother, make sure you talk to him and let him know you are there for him. Getting boys to open up from an early age is really important.

We need to change the very idea of being strong. Being strong means accepting who you are, accepting your vulnerability, not being afraid to show your emotions, and standing up for what you believe in.

Can working long hour affects our heart ?

“Working long hours is a major risk factor for heart-related ailments, almost equivalent to having diabetes and hypertension together,” said a doctor




In May 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) found that long working hours have been increasing deaths from heart disease and stroke. In the pandemic, this has become a more pressing issue, as working from home has caused people to spend long hours in front of their computer screens. The report by WHO and ILO found that this work-related burden is particularly significant in men.  According to Dr Kumar Narayanan, consultant cardiac electrophysiologist at Medicover Hospitals Hyderabad, the link between mental stress and heart disease is well established. “Nowadays, not only are working hours excessively long, but stress at work has escalated exponentially. Work timings are also often unhealthy, extending into odd hours as people work across time zones in a globally-linked world. All this leads to harmful stress responses in the body, along with unhealthy diet, sedentariness, smoking and inadequate sleep.”
Weighing his thoughts on this, Dr P C Mondal, a senior consultant intervention cardiologist and HOD at Kolkata’s Apollo-Gleneagles Hospital said while patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases (especially heart failure) and those with coronary risk factors (diabetes, obesity) are at an increased risk of severe disease and mortality from COVID-19(especially older patients), there may also be the development of new cardiovascular implications (including cardiomyopathy/myocarditis/Acute Coronary Syndromes) in patients without pre-existing cardiovascular diseases.
 
What are the things that one needs to know –

1. Avoiding a diet rich in fats, salt, low fiber, junk and fast foods.
2. Exercising more.
3. Lowering the consumption of tobacco, or completely stopping it.
 
“Psychosocial stress includes job-related stress due to long working hours, persistent stress, high work demands, and job insecurity,” he said, adding: “All these factors over a period of 25 years lead to the same level of risk of heart attacks as people who smoke and do not exercise.”
Summing it up, Dr Ulhas M Pandurangi, chief of division of cardiac electrophysiology and pacing at Arrhythmia-Heart Failure Academy, Chennai, noted: “Stress can tax the heart dearly. It is clear — working long hours is a major risk factor for heart-related ailments, almost equivalent to having diabetes and hypertension together.”
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foods which are good for a healthy heart –
 
1. Eat fish high in omega-3s such as salmon, tuna etc
2. Healthy nuts like almonds or walnuts
3. Berries containing phytonutrients such as blueberries, strawberries etc
4. Oats are the comfort food nutrient powerhouse.
5. Fruits like orange and papaya.
6.  Dark chocolates
7. Legumes
8. Vegetables like spinach, broccoli etc. 

Java vs JavaScript

Java:


Developed by Sun Microsystems, Java is a class-based programming language. It is a standalone language that is executed in JVM( Java Virtual Machine) that allows Java programs to run on any platform.
Java with its secured environment and great compatibility has emerged as one of the best programming languages. The language is favored by enterprises too. More than 90 percent of Fortune 500 companies use Java for building applications and back end systems. This is why large enterprises these days hire Java developer for creating custom-tailored web applications.


JavaScript:


JavaScript is an interpreted high-level programming language that helps to make web applications more interactive and responsive. According to Stack Overflow’s 2018 Developer Survey, JavaScript is the most popular language among developers for the sixth year in a row.
Unlike Java, JavaScript is simple to learn. That’s why it is used everywhere for web development. JavaScript can easily be used with other languages within different types of web applications.
What’s similar between Java and JavaScript?
Before you proceed further to read more on Java vs JavaScript, let’s have a quick look at the major similarities shared by the two

Java vs JavaScript: What’s the Difference?


Java is an Object-Oriented Programming language that is platform-independent because it gets executed in the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). On the other hand, JavaScript is an object-oriented scripting language that helps to create dynamic HTML pages. Java vs JavaScript has become a hot topic of discussion these days.
Purpose
While Java is used for all server-side development, JavaScript is primarily used for writing client-side scripts for tasks such as JS validation and interactivity.
Applications run differently
When we talk about Java vs JavaScript, then it’s important to know how these applications run. The applications created either using Java or JavaScript run entirely differently. Java develops applications that can run in a browser or virtual machine whereas applications made using JavaScript can run on a browser only.
Usability
Java applications are used in a number of places which include, Android applications, creation of the desktop applications, development of banking and financial apps. However, the use of JavaScript is limited to making web apps more interactive and creative. It also renders help in creating animations in HTML.
Compiled vs Interpreted
Java is a compiling language whereas JavaScript is an interpreted scripting language. These two languages run differently. While Java code is compiled into bytecode and run on Java Virtual Machine, whereas JavaScript is interpreted directly by a browser in the syntax in which the code has been written.
Key benefits of using Java
Java is a general-purpose programming language that is object-based and class-based. It is a high-level language that supports multi-threading. Java continues to deliver its prominent services in the field of software development. Major advantages that Java offers to the users include,
Platform-independent
One of the most important features of Java is that it is a platform-independent language. All Java programs can be compiled independently of the platform. The programs are compiled in the bytecode thus allowing the programs to run on any platform that has a JVM installed in it. You can use Java to create programs that can run across desktops, mobiles, and embedded systems.
Multi-Threading
Java is an object-oriented programming language that can perform several tasks at the same time. As it supports multi threading so Java has the capability to perform several tasks simultaneously.
Robust and Secure
Java offers a secured environment for the development of applications. It prevents the attack of viruses and keeps a check on the misuse of resources. It implements exception handling to remove errors and to reduce the risk of crashing.
Dynamic and Extensible
Java is a dynamic language. All the classes, objects, methods and libraries in Java are dynamically linked in Java. This extensible language supports various functions that are written in other languages such as C and C++.

Eve teasing: A Judicial Perspective

The verbal or physical abuse or harassment of women in public places such as streets, public transit, parks, and other places where people gather, as well as making lewd gestures like winking, whistling, or staring is defined as eve teasing.

Haryana government recently conducted a survey on eve teasing which highlights that the maximum reports related to eve teasing occurs when females return or travel to schools, college and their respective workplace. However, a different study on eve-teasing suggests that only 10% of such cases are reported in the police station. The major reason of such less reporting is that our society doesn’t pay head to such incidents and ignore the victim by saying ‘they just touched or winked at you. What’s the harm in it? They didn’t commit any severe offences.’

But well they did and it’s high time that women as well as the society should be aware of the legal rights relating to eve-teasing so that innocent victims do not commit suicide or are murdered because as seen in various studies such incidents happen when harassment went unreported. 

WOMEN’S RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES WITH REGARD TO EVE TEASING

  • The apex court of India ‘the supreme court’ when dealing with Vishakha vs state of Rajasthan provided us with guidelines relating to the act amounting to sexual harassment which includes the following:-

1. Undesired sexually determined behavior, either directly or indirectly

2. any type of bodily contact or advances

3. any demand or request for sexual favors

4. statements that are sexually oriented

5. any sexually harassing physical, verbal, or nonverbal activity, such as showing pornography or making obscene jokes.

 Anyone who is experiencing such acts or witnessing someone who is suffering the above-mentioned rules amounting to sexual harassment can submit a complaint in the court or police station. 

  • Furthermore, eve teasing also includes stalking which means An individual’s repeated harassment or threatening behavior, such as following a person, showing up at their home or workplace, making harassing phone calls, leaving written messages or items, or vandalizing their property is now included in the Indian law under Section 354D of Indian penal code which provides imprisonment to the stalker up to 3 years. 

Hence, The persistent, unwelcome involvement of one person with another, for any reason, can be declared illegal and punishable if the behavior causes a person to fear violence or anguish, or disrupts their mental peace.

  • Indian penal code, 1860 provides few sections which deals with the protection of women’s dignity against the behavior that degrades women’s dignity which are as follows:-

SECTION 294 OF IPC

Under section 294 of ipc, If someone conducts any obscene activities in a public area, or sings, recites, or utters any indecent song or lyrics in a public place, or even a spot close to a social setting which annoys the other will be punished with imprisonment upto 3 months, fine or both  under this act. This section is not gender specific so anyone might be a victim or perpetrator. 

SECTION 509 OF IPC

this section is known as eve-teasing section which states that anybody who has the intent to insult a woman’s modesty by uttering any phrase, producing any sound, gesture, or displaying any object with the intent that such gesture or words are heard by the woman or intrudes upon her seclusion will  be penalised with a year in prison or a fine.

SECTION 292 OF IPC

Section 292 deals with the act of showing obscene or pornographic images, booklets to a female will be fined Rs. 2000 and sentenced to two years in prison. Furthermore, if the offender repeated this offence, he will be sentenced to up to five years in prison and a fine of Rs. 5000.

SECTION 354 OF IPC 

Under this section, If a person knowingly assaults or uses illegal force against a woman in order to offend her modesty, will be imprisoned minimum for 1 year but can extend up to 5 years and fine. The subparts of this section are as follows:-

  1. SECTION 354A 

Sexual harassment is now an explicit offence under Section 354A of the Indian Penal Code, owing to the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013.

This act increased the imprisonment upto 3 years and fine and both of any offender who passes any derogatory remarks or makes obscene gestures towards a female thus, invading her privacy.

2. SECTION 354B

This section deals with disrobing which states that Any individual who uses unlawful force against a woman with the intent of disrobing her or forcing her to be naked is responsible under this provision. The punishment given to the offender will be minimum of 3 years but upto 7 years is acceptable. 

3. SECTION 354C

It deals with the act of voyeurism which simply means sexual fascination of watching other people participate in sexual behaviors such as undressing, sexual intercourse, or other actions that are normally considered private will be held liable minimum for 1 year but can extend to 3 years and fine. 

  • Moreover, Eve-teasing is deemed unconstitutional since it infringes on a person’s right to privacy by prying into his or her private life. thus, breaching fundamental right to life provided by our indian constitution( Article 21)  because it undermines a woman’s dignity as well as her self-respect.

Thus, there is an urgent need to address this rapidly rising problem and it can only be done by realizing how dangerous and evil ‘eve teasing’ can be if it is not stopped at an early age and what ill effects it leaves on the person experiencing it. The society mainly females should be aware of the rights and liabilities relating to eve teasing so that they can stand up against it even if the society doesn’t support them and bring a change in this society. 

Top 10 Pc Games You Need To Play

In recent years, computer games are very popular among Indian gamers. The evidence is the growth of the gaming community, 

the game industry is rising faster in India with a greater number of new games, players, and esports events. Let’s check out the top 10 most popular PC games in India and see which is the hottest game in the country now. 

1. Apex Legends:

This is one of the most popular Battle Royale Games now. Although it’s also a multiplayer game, it’s pretty different from PUBG or Fortnite. The programmers of Apex Legend produced a brand new non-verbal communication system. It lets you play with strangers who do not use a mic for voice chat. If you want to conquer exciting missions in Apex Legend, players can download the game for free from the Origin store.

2. PUBG:

PUBG now is called a cultural phenomenon in India with a huge number of players. Many small or big PUBG esports event in India this year has attracted great attention of the international gaming community. In PUBG, a hundred players join in a battle for survival on an abandoned island. After landing, players start to loot weapons, ammo, armor, and supplies to fight and try to survive until the end. It’s more realistic when playing FPS mode. If you would like to join a fierce match with some realistic and thrilling action, you can try PUBG.

3. Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare:

Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare now is the most favorite PC game with excellent graphics, exciting gameplay, and storyline. This is an exciting multiplayer shooting game with many thrilling in-game actions. The exo-suit is a great attraction in this season. In 2019, CoD achieved great success in India with a great number of players.

4. Fortnite:

The next title in this list is Fortnite released by Epic Game. It was said to be an replication of PUBG. Thus, the developer of Fortnite made a huge change in the recent comeback. They added more things to this update, making it different from PUBG. For example, players can build their buildings for defense in Fortnite. However, Fortnite fails to offers players a life-like game that PUBG does.

5. Assassin’s Creed Odyssey:

This is the fifth title in the list of popular PC games in India and an excellent RPG game at this time. With Assassin’s Creed Odyssey, you will have a totally different experience. However, the developers retain some certain elements of Assassin’s Creed game in this version. After all, Assassin’s Creed Odyssey is still greatly welcomed by the Indian gaming community.

6. Frostpunk:

Frostpunk is an interesting city-building game. It starts in a post-apocalyptic frozen wasteland. Players need to lead and try to provide a group of refugees with bare necessities for survival, such as heat, food, water, and shelter. With unique gameplay and interesting storyline, Frostpunk is one of the most favorite games in India this year.

7. Nier Automata:

Nier Automata is an excellent action RPG game. With amazing and flexible gameplay, emotional storyline, exciting combats, interesting characters, and various lands to explore, it deserves one of the greatest games of the year. However, the awful PC port makes Nier Automata less attractive with players. After all, it’s still a favorite game of Indian players.

8. Divinity: Original Sin II:

Another favorite game of Indian gamers is Divinity: Original Sin II. You can play this game in single-player /multiplayer, competitive /corporative modes. Since its release, this RPG has been welcomed by gamers all over the world and in India, too. In this game, you can create your own character and choose the status, gender, race, and profile for your character. Moreover, you can join in fantastic combat and draw a brilliant plan to win.

9. Dirt Rally 2.0:

This is a fantastic racing game on PC. With better graphics and sound, this version of the rally, also known as Dirty Rally 2.0, bring players better gaming experiences. Though, the developers remain their tricky car driving skills in this version, requiring players to practice to win the race.

10. Metro Exodus:

The last game title in this list is Metro Exodus. It’s the third PC game in the post-apocalyptic FPS series based on Dmitry Glukhovsky’s novels. In Metro Exodus, you’ll join in an exciting journey to the ruins of the dead city Moscow. It provides players with a thrilling but fantastic feeling. That’s why Metro Exodus is one of the most popular PC games in India.

Financing Decisions

Financing decisions are concerned with the amount of finance to be raised from various long-term sources of funds like, equity shares, preference shares, debentures, bank loans etc and its impact on the capital structure of the organisation.

It is one of the three main decisions of Financial Management – Investment decisions, Financing decisions and Dividend decisions.

Factors affecting financing decisions

While making financing decisions, one must focus on the composition of funds from various long-term sources. These decisions involve:

  1. Decision whether or not to use a combination of ownership and borrowed funds.
  2. Determining the ratio in which ownership and borrowed funds should be kept.

A firm should have an appropriate mix of debt as well as equity.

  • The disadvantage of having Debt is that it involves Financial Risk which is the risk of default on payment or interest on borrowed funds and the repayment of principle amount
  • However, tax benefit on interest payments of the debt reduces its cost, making it cheaper than equity.
  • In order to avail the benefits of debt wisely, the cost of debt should be less than the rate of return on the capital.
  • Shareholders’ funds have no fixed commitment in the aspects of repayment of capital or payment of returns.

Factors to be considered to make financing and capital structure decisions are listed below-

  1. Interest/dividend pay-out: Debt involves compulsory interest payments whereas there is no compulsion to pay dividend to equity shareholders. However, the company should also keep its dividend policy in mind, in case they prefer paying dividends in order to retain their shareholders.
  2. Tax deductibility– Interest payments are tax deductible which reduces its overall cost.
  3. Dilution of control– In case the existing shareholders want to retain the complete control of business then finance can be raised through borrowed funds or preference shares but when they are ready for dilution of control over business, equity shares can be used for raising finance.
  4. Risk and floatation costs: More risk is associated with borrowed funds as compared to owner’s fund as interest is paid on it and it is also repaid after a fixed period of time or on expiry of its tenure. The cost involved in issuing securities such as broker’s commission, underwriter’s fees, expenses on prospectus etc. Is called flotation cost. Higher the flotation cost, less attractive is the source of finance.
  5. Feasibility & Cash Flow position: In case the cash flow position of a company is good enough then it can easily use borrowed funds.
  6. Payment schedule: In case the company wants to go for debt, then the payment schedule, tenure and total costs (principal+interest) should be analysed and compared with other options. Longer the schedule, greater the interest so in case the schedule is too long, the terms should be modified or other financing options can be considered.

Different options and compositions of debt and shareholder’s fund can be analysed to find the one with the lowest weighted average cost (WACC). This way the company enjoys the tax benefit advantage of debt and non-compulsion of dividend payments advantage of equity.

However, it is important to analyse costs after factoring in the time value of money so the decision-maker gets a realistic picture of the cost of capital, on the basis of which, informed decisions can be made.

DO PERFECT PEOPLE EXIST?

BY: VAIBHAVI MENON

“Learn to love your insecurities.” A common definition of a perfect person is someone who looks good, has good economic stability and looks happy. Every person has a mental image of what a perfect life, face, body looks like and this varies from person to person. While one would want to look skinny the other would want to be curvy. therefore everyone’s idea of a perfect person is different. This leads to insecurities. The need of looking in some manner and being content in only that way. Often when we see celebrities posting on their social media accounts insecurities tend to build up because of how “perfect” they look but in reality, most don’t look like what they portray to be which isn’t a bad thing but the people viewing it take it in a negative manner and end up wanting to change themselves as well.

these pictures take hours to photoshop to make it look presentable and picture perfect but nobody ever wakes up looking amazing. We all have our bed head, flaky skin, eye bags which is a normal part of our body and it should be appreciated. People need to learn to love these insecurities and that’s when they get a glowup mentally and understand that a perfect person is someone who loves themselves for who they are rather than wanting to be a alternative version which in the end could bring them down. It’s not a easy thing to do but one step a day can make a huge difference. Some ways which could help you grow up mentally would be to observe your surroundings and the people you surround yourselves with because they play a huge role in this and if you ever need a change, do not hesitate to give it up because in the end it’s your happiness that actually matters. An example for this could be Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty. She doesn’t have a perfect body(according to present beauty standards) yet she considered the goddess of beauty. that shows that our physical appearance has nothing to do with how perfect we are, its our mentality that actually defines who we are as a person. There should be no definition given to perfect because in the end we all are very different from each other (except identical twins). A perfect man is a dead man. If you’re alive you’ll have to constantly learn and adapt. Make mistakes , stumble , fall and get up . There’s no such thing as perfect . That’s not life , that’s momentary . You can achieve perfection for moments or in your work but there are so many factors when it comes to humans which are out of our control. It is like swimming , you get better as much you practice . When water flows in river it is fresh , when it stops it gets infected . Our body is composed of so many cells and organs which function as per their natural mechanisms . When we can’t even control our organs how could we be perfect ? Striving for perfection is a great quest though but the universe is motion , when one becomes static , it’s death .

I would like to conclude this by saying you are loved and insecurities are unique parts of yourself that is supposed to appreciated and loved rather than looked down upon

Lost Souls : Reviewed

A sequel to the brilliant thriller “Reviver” by Seth Patrick, Lost Souls picks up where it left off with a bang. It develops on the established conflict between the revivers and the antilifers in way that is not expected. After the clash between Jonah Miller the best reviver and the antagonist, Jonah thinks the clash is finally over but he’s soon proven wrong by a series of events. The Afterlifers have nearly doubled their efforts to stop revival with better funding and a stronger resolve, they’ve started to play to the publics fears and reel them in.

After the ordeal faced in the last novel thinking everything is dandy, Jonah gets back to his job as a forensic reviver. He talks to the recently deceased to get some answers and bring some closure to the ones they left behind. Jonah is called up for a revival that doesn’t go as planned. The victim seems to be the latest target of a serial killer, the mystery still remains as Jonah is not allowed to proceed with the revival as the afterlifers get their hands on the case and do everything in their hands to stop the revival. He begins to think if it’s the time to retire from the FRS and get into private revival. Jonah thinks about the mutilated series of corpses and has a feeling that everything’s not as it seems.

Annabel Harker is investigating Michael Andreas and trying to balance her new relationship with Jonah. She comes across some more secrets about Andreas and baseline. Jonah and Annabel are drifting apart due to her giving more importance to finding Andreas and less time to their own lives, Jonah the ever hopeful keeps trying to hold on but finds himself hurting more and more. Despite their differences they have to come together to each others aid when Michael Andreas seemingly back from the dead announces his arrival to the world. Jonah knows something is wrong, he knows Andreas is not who he claims to be. Jonah, Never and Annabel go on the run in an attempt to stay safe and find all they can about Andreas.

The trio of Jonah, Annabel and Never start to dig deeper even when on the run and come face to face with a series of revelations that point to an incoming apocalypse. They soon find out the depth to which Andreas and the afterlifers are rooted to. This makes it difficult for them to trust anyone but themselves, because one mistake could end up being their last. Having to deal with such situations on top of being practically marked for death makes them question the science and dive into the myths. The saying knowledge is power cannot be any more perfect, knowledge of what they are dealing with will be the tool they need in the fight. After countless hours of research they find out the true motives and identity of the entity masquerading as Michael Andreas. They have to fight to save the world.

In conclusion the thrilling novel “Lost Souls” lives up to its predecessor and ramps up the intrigue and action in the novel. Sure to keep you from putting the book down is its complex story that is sure to make you think. The character development from the first novel is amazing, it keeps the qualities that define the character and adds to it. The novel sets up the final part with a warning to our heroes and an incentive for the readers. For me this novel was a blast and would heartily recommend anyone fond of a good thriller. So, stay tuned for my review on the final part of this trilogy.

360 Wander Writer

WELCOME TO TECHIE WORLD

Foe students real world tools can be cost-prohibitive. GitHub has developed Students Developer Pack is created: to give students free access to the best developer tools in one place so they can learn by doing.

Some of the platforms are:

  • Digital Ocean
  • Microsoft Azure
  • Education Host
  • New Relic
  • Heroku
  • netwise

GitHub

GitHub is a hosting service with many inbuilt features. It provides a Web based graphical interface . It also has a Colab feature which assures team work and also task management tools .It is free of cost for its services . These free available GitHub are commonly used for the purpose of open source projects. As of first there was an offer of unlimited private repositories to all plans but only with restriction to only three collaboration but with update it allows unlimited collaboration . It stands with name of largest host of source code in the world. I t can also be called as the software used for version control. It serves its best in Software development were the co-workers have to update the code simultaneously.

GitHub student developer offers freebies in various categories. The offers varies as to time limited and life time access. It provides cloud storage for source code, supports all popular programming languages, and streamlines the iteration process. Git is a command line tool. Git simplifies the process of working with other people and makes it easy to collaborate on projects.

Eve teasing: Judicial perspective

 

The verbal or physical abuse or harassment of women in public places such as streets, public transit, parks, and other places where people gather, as well as making lewd gestures like winking, whistling, or staring is defined as eve teasing.

 

Haryana government recently conducted a survey on eve teasing which highlights that the maximum reports related to eve teasing occurs when females return or travel to schools, college and their respective workplace. However, a different study on eve-teasing suggests that only 10% of such cases are reported in the police station. The major reason of such less reporting is that our society doesn’t pay head to such incidents and ignore the victim by saying ‘they just touched or winked at you. What’s the harm in it? They didn’t commit any severe offences.’

But well they did and it’s high time that women as well as the society should be aware of the legal rights relating to eve-teasing so that innocent victims do not commit suicide or are murdered because as seen in various studies such incidents happen when harassment went unreported. 

 

WOMEN’S RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES IN REGARD TO EVE TEASING

·       The apex court of India ‘the supreme court’ when dealing with Vishakha vs state of Rajasthan provided us with guidelines relating to the act amounting to sexual harassment which includes the following:-

1. Undesired sexually determined behavior, either directly or indirectly

2. any type of bodily contact or advances

3. any demand or request for sexual favors

4. statements that are sexually oriented

5. any sexually harassing physical, verbal, or nonverbal activity, such as showing pornography or making obscene jokes.

 Anyone who is experiencing such acts or witnessing someone who is suffering the above-mentioned rules amounting to sexual harassment can submit a complaint in the court or police station. 

·       Furthermore, eve teasing also includes stalking which means An individual’s repeated harassment or threatening behavior, such as following a person, showing up at their home or workplace, making harassing phone calls, leaving written messages or items, or vandalizing their property is now included in the Indian law under Section 354D of Indian penal code which provides imprisonment to the stalker up to 3 years. 

Hence, The persistent, unwelcome involvement of one person with another, for any reason, can be declared illegal and punishable if the behavior causes a person to fear violence or anguish, or disrupts their mental peace.

·       Indian penal code, 1860 provides few sections which deals with the protection of women’s dignity against the behavior that degrades women’s dignity.

SECTION 294 OF IPC

Under section 294 of ipc, If someone conducts any obscene activities in a public area, or sings, recites, or utters any indecent song or lyrics in a public place, or even a spot close to a social setting which annoys the other will be punished with imprisonment upto 3 months, fine or both  under this act. This section is not gender specific so anyone might be a victim or perpetrator. 

SECTION 509 OF IPC

this section is known as eve-teasing section which states that anybody who has the intent to insult a woman’s modesty by uttering any phrase, producing any sound, gesture, or displaying any object with the intent that such gesture or words are heard by the woman or intrudes upon her seclusion will  be penalised with a year in prison or a fine.

SECTION 292 OF IPC

Section 292 deals with the act of showing obscene or pornographic images, booklets to a female will be fined Rs. 2000 and sentenced to two years in prison. Furthermore, if the offender repeated this offence, he will be sentenced to up to five years in prison and a fine of Rs. 5000.

SECTION 354 OF IPC 

Under this section, If a person knowingly assaults or uses illegal force against a woman in order to offend her modesty, will be imprisoned minimum for 1 year but can extend up to 5 years and fine. The subparts of this section are as follows:-

§  SECTION 354A 

Sexual harassment is now an explicit offence under Section 354A of the Indian Penal Code, owing to the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013.

This act increased the imprisonment upto 3 years and fine and both of any offender who passes any derogatory remarks or makes obscene gestures towards a female thus, invading her privacy.

§  SECTION 354B

This section deals with disrobing which states that Any individual who uses unlawful force against a woman with the intent of disrobing her or forcing her to be naked is responsible under this provision. The punishment given to the offender will be minimum of 3 years but upto 7 years is acceptable. 

§  SECTION 354C

It deals with the act of voyeurism which simply means sexual fascination of watching other people participate in sexual behaviors such as undressing, sexual intercourse, or other actions that are normally considered private will be held liable minimum for 1 year but can extend to 3 years and fine. 

·       Moreover, Eve-teasing is deemed unconstitutional since it infringes on a person’s right to privacy by prying into his or her private life. thus, breaching fundamental right to life provided by our indian constitution

( Article 21)  because it undermines a woman’s dignity as well as her self-respect.

 

Thus, there is an urgent need to address this rapidly rising problem and it can only be done by realizing how dangerous and evil ‘eve teasing’ can be if it is not stopped at an early age and what ill effects it leaves on the person experiencing it. The society mainly females should be aware of the rights and liabilities relating to eve teasing so that they can stand up against it even if the society doesn’t support them and bring a change in this society. 

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7 Amazing Ways of Earning MONEY in 2021

Earning is always important whether it is an adult or a teenage (in today’s scenario) want and need money to meet the day to day expenses. Financing your self by your own is the best thing you could do to your self. Due to the pandemic there are many people who gets unemployed and finding it difficult to meet their expenses , no one knows what is going to happened next so better find an accurate way of making money that will help to keep going during this hard time . Going out for a Job is difficult , but there are alot more ways you can make money without going out , yes by making money online you can easily meet your expenses . I know everybody now a days are well aware of work from home , but for that too you have to do alot of research to find the best for you , so for making it a little easier for you I had come up with some of the amazing ways of earning money in 2021 that too with zero investment .Here are the 7 Amazing you can make money online in 2021 .

1.Taking Surveys

You can earn money easily by taking surveys , there are many websites these days that pays you for taking survey . One of the best website I would suggest is “Rakuten” , this is really an amazing website where you can make money by taking surveys , this website is legit and its free you just have to get yourself register there with your email id and fill few details about you , make sure you fill the right details as on the basis of that you will be getting surveys ,this is it you just have to do this then you can get started with taking surveys and earning point on the basis of which you will be paid.

Rakuten :-https://member.insight.rakuten.co.in/

2. Selling Digital Products.

Yes you can make money by selling your digital products like Logos , Templates , Posters , fonts design , Digital Prints ,etc. If you are good in making these digital product than there is a good way for you to make money . There is a website “CREATIVE MARKET ” that provides you the space for your digital shop where you can sell your digital products . All you have to do is to register yourself on the website with your email id and need to get your digital shop approved by the website than it will be all yours you can put any digital product as per your will and get it sold at whatever price you want to is not it amazing.

Creative Market:-https://creativemarket.com/sell

3. Transcription.

You all are must aware of the work of Transcription , if you are not no worry I will tell in short well basically Transcription is converting the audio / video files into text , this is the work in which you will get paid for converting the files into text . For this work ,you need to be fluent in english both speaking and writing ,there are many websites that pays for converting the audio / video files into text , One that I would suggest is “Go Transcript” its is legit and one of the best website for transcription . For working here all you have to do is to get your self signed up in the website and had to pass a little test to get the work started .

Gotranscript:-https://gotranscript.com/transcription-jobs

4.Making Designs.

There is a great way of earning money by making designs, you can decide whatever design you want to make and just sell them . You must be wondering how you can earn money by making design and selling ,well there is way you can do so by getting yourself registered in the website called “Redbubble” . This is the website that gives you products to put your designs on then you will just get paid if your design got sold . You can decide whatever you want to design and put it on t-shirt , phone cases , bottles etc and when it get sold you will be paid .

Redbubble:-https://www.redbubble.com/about/selling

5.Making Video Course.

You all must have an idea about this ,with this pandemic every thing going digital , everybody is onto learning new skills online , which is a great opportunity for you all to earn money by making video courses on skills that is on demand and in which you are expertise at . There are so many platforms where you can make your video course and earn money , such as Youtube , Skill share , Udemy , wix etc . You can just make the video course and earn money online . I would suggest you to make video course on Skill share and Udemy , as you will get better result there.

Skill share:-https://www.skillshare.com/user/teachonskillshare

Udemy:-https://www.udemy.com/

6.Affilate Marketing .

This is something new and also has alot of money in it , let me first tell you what affilate marketing is if you are new to this word , well affilate marketing is selling the product of other brands , websites on your platform by recommending and giving them your link provided by the brand or website ,you will be getting paid on the basis of percentage which is pre decided by the brand itself on the sale made by you , the more people use your link to purchase the item the more money you will get as per the percentage on particular item , Well I would suggest you to do amazon affilate marketing .

Amazon affilate:-https://affiliate-program.amazon.in/

7. Online Tutor.

This pandemic had shifted the studies from academic to online platform , the work is the same obviously just the work jot changed . So if you want to make money by providing coaching and personal tutor the there is a great way you can do so by getting yourself registered on the websites like “Cambly “, “Scooli” , these website will provide you the platform to provide coaching online.

Cambly:-https://www.cambly.com/en/tutor/

Scooli:-https://www.skooli.com/register/tutor

Well I hope this will help , with these application you will be able to finance yourself for sure . Do comment down below which website you find interesting to work on among these.