CURRENT SITUATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

What is happening in South Africa ?

Many Indian has been killed recently in South Africa. After Jacob Zuma’s arrest, president of south Africa triggered looting and violence in the country

Why Jacob was arrested ?

Mr.  Jacob was president of South Africa from 2009 until 2018, for the corruption.

Jacob Zuma is first president to be sent to jail in South Africa.

 He was imprisoned for 10 years in 1963 for fighting the racist system of apartheid in South Africa. He also went into exile in 1975. He was also charged with raping a family friend.

 Now, He was charged with contempt of a court made up of South Africa’s most senior judges.

 Jacob said that it is as same as or worst than a death to keep him in jail in this pandemic.

At least 200 people have been killed during the widespread unrest that lasted nine days.

Why Indian being targeted in South Africa ?

The death count of South African Indians reaches almost 270 in South Africa.

Many markets and supermarket have been looted and burned of south African Indian by pro-Zuma rioters.

The issues between South Africa and Indians started with a Saharanpur-origin business family, “the Guptas”. Gupta’s were closed to Zuma and influenced other in allegation of corruption against the Zuma and fled to Dubai.

After this pro-Zuma started attacking Indians. They looted their home and shops. Indian women also receiving threats of rape.

The behavior against Indian and looting their market is criminal not racism between them.

Targeting the whole community due to someone is never be an option not Just.

Amid rising cases of Coronavirus, South Africa is facing humanitarian crises also.

National Human Rights Commission

National Human Rights Commission, a statutory body , was established in 1993 under a legislation enacted by the Parliament namely, the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. The commission is the watchdog of Human Rights in the country, that is, the rights related to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by courts in India.

Composition of the Commission:

The commission is a multi-member body consisting of a chairperson and five members. The chairperson should be a retired Chief Justice of India or judge of the Supreme Court and the members should be a serving or retired judge of the Supreme Court, a serving or retired Chief Justice of a high court and three persons having knowledge of practical experience with respect to human rights.

 In addition to these full time members the commission also has 7 ex-officio members- the chairpersons of National Commission for minorities the National Commission for SCs,the National Commission for STs, the National Commission for Women, the National Commission for OBCs and the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights and Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities.

Functions of the Commission: 

To enquire into any violation of human rights or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant, either suo motu or on a petition presented to it or on an order of a court.

To intervene in any proceeding involving allegations of violation of human rights pending before a court. 

To visit jails and detention places to study the living condition of inmates and make recommendations there on.

To review the constitutional and other legal safeguards for the protection of human rights and recommend measures for the effective implementation.

To review the factors including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights and recommend remedial measures.

To study treaties and other international instruments on human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation.

To undertake and promote research in the field of human rights.

To spread Human Rights literacy among the people and promote research.

To encourage the efforts of NGO working in the field of human rights.

To undertake such other functions as it may be considered necessary for the promotion of human rights.

Performance of the Commission:

The various Human Rights issues taken up by the commission are as follows-:

Abolition of bonded labour.

Functioning of the mental hospitals at Ranchi, Agra and Gwalior .

Functioning of the government protective home (women), Agra.

Issues concerning the right to food.

Review of the child marriage restraint act 1929.

Protocols to the Convention on the Rights of Child.

Preventing employment of children by government servants:Amendment of service rules.

Abolition of child labour

Guidebook for the Media on sexual violence against Children.

Trafficking in women and children: Manual for Judiciary for Gender Sensitization.

Sensitisation programme on Prevention of Sex tourism and Trafficking.

Maternal anaemia and human rights and so on.

Saying “NO”

How often do people ask you to do something and you just reply, “Sure”. And as a result of that, you’re overwhelmed by how much extra work you have to do. We become frustrated even though we were the ones who said yes to help them in the first place. We agree to many requests not because we want to do the work, but because we don’t want to be seen as rude or arrogant.

It worries us that if we deny the someone’s request then they will end the friendship between us or it will lead to an awkward situation the next time we meet them. But this is not the case. The person who we say NO to will not be thinking about how rude you were. They will simply move on to the next person to ask for help. 

Economist Tim Harford said, “Every time we say yes to a request, we are also saying no to anything else we might accomplish with the time”. We compromise the valuable time that we have, to do work for others when we could be productive working to improve our life skills that will actually help us.  

A simple “no” is the perfect solution. We think that this one word will cause a lot of problems but in reality, it can be the most powerful tool. Saying no is an important skill to develop at any stage of your career because it retains the most important asset in life: your time. You need to say no to whatever isn’t leading you toward your goals. You need to say no to distractions. For instance, if you originally planned to do work but your friend calls you for a video game, you have to say NO to him so that you don’t cause trouble to your future self.

Of course, saying a simple NO will not always suffice. They will always ask a follow up question of “WHY?”. Therefore, we need to learn how to say NO without sounding rude.

Some of the kind ways to decline are, “Unfortunately, I’ll need to pass on this”, “I’m sorry, but I will not be able to”, “Sadly, I can’t”.

The examples of phrases to avoid are, “hmm, I don’t know”, “I’m not sure”, “It’s tough to say”, “Well, maybe I could do it. But…”.

Saying no saves you time in the future, whereas saying yes costs you time in the future. No is a form of time credit. You retain the ability to spend your future time however you want. Yes is a form of time debt. You have to pay back your commitment at some point. No is a decision. Yes is a responsibility.

CULTURAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS THAT LEAD TO MILTON’S EPIC POETRY

Renaissance is a religious movement and as such it relates not only to literary revival but it has grassroot connections with political and social movements also. Literature flourished during the period of Tudor Monarch. After the death of Henry VII, King Henry came to power who was a great lover of art, music and literature and love lyrics were composed. As such, Renaissance left a great influence on the social political and religious front. The unrest in England prevailed at large, the authority of king was questioned by Parliament. The existing system with regard to each and every spheres of life was being questioned. Even women intervened in the existing social and cultural status.

John Milton studied deeply the political and social order of his contemporary and wrote a lot about the pathetic state of affairs. He had drawn public opinion on all major or public issues. Milton’s epic ‘Paradise Lost’ is a common theme on Renaissance and reformative course on individual and state. The poetry during the Renaissance expanded into three main channels: the sonnet, heading the lyric and the satire. The literary forms of Milton’s period highlight religious issues and humanist thoughts.

Milton’s poems ‘L’ Allegro’ and ‘II Penseroso’ reveals the fact that the Milton has favoured ‘short lyric’. He also followed classical forms and themes. Thus, short lyric was the major elements in the poetry of Milton’s contemporary. Milton has justified his sense of religion when he writes in ‘Paradise Lost’ that his epic was the ways of God to man. This epic of Milton also has detailed narration of conflicts on the behaviour of the king and the rest of Parliamentarians Milton has also highlighted the issue of women and their individual status by means of his epic and other poetic form.

The use of epic form of poetry in English started with some failed attempts by poets like Patrick Hannay, D’Avenant and W. Chamberlyne. One of the main and important factors that led to the success of Milton’s epic poetry was he used the epic to represent the essence of the age, the contemporary struggle between religion and the state rather than simple reconstruction of the classical matrix.

Another issue which has raised for the Puritan Patriarchy. It not only promoted the issue of individualism but also questioned the women’s individuality and autonomy. Thus, engaging itself in the old age biblical argument of free will and predetermination. These issues are apparent in the conversation between Adam and Eve.

Passengers Trapped Inside Train Amid Severe Floods In China

Soldiers are leading the rescue in the city of more than 10 million people in Henan province, which has been hit by record rains which inundated the streets and the subway.

Streets flooded following heavy rains in Zhengzhou in China’s central Henan province.


Beijing: 

Twelve people died after torrential rains flooded a subway in the central Chinese city of Zhengzhou, authorities said Wednesday, as shocking images showed passengers struggling against chest-high water inside a train carriage.

Soldiers are leading the rescue in the city of more than 10 million people in Henan province, which has been hit by record rains which inundated the streets and the subway.

The city has experienced “a series of rare and heavy rainstorms, causing water to accumulate in Zhengzhou metro”, city officials said in a Weibo post.

The post said 12 people died and five were injured, while hundreds were rescued from the subway.

Ola electric scooter receives record 1 lakh bookings in 24 hours

Ola Electric CEO Bhavish Aggarwal announced recently that the much-anticipated Ola e-scooter has achieved 1 lakh bookings in just 24 hours of opening of pre-launch bookings, making it the ‘most pre-booked scooter’ in the world.

Ola Electric had announced the opening of bookings on July 15th at a token amount of ₹499 on its official website.

“India’s EV revolution is off to an explosive start. Huge thanks to the 100,000+ revolutionaries who’ve joined us and reserved their scooter,” Bhavish Aggarwal said on Twitter.

“I am thrilled by the tremendous response from customers across India for our first electric vehicle. The unprecedented demand is a clear indicator of shifting consumer preferences to EVs,” Bhavish Aggarwal said in a statement.

The new Ola electric scooter is likely to go on sale in the country later this month.

Ola Electric has claimed that the scooter will get best-in-class boot space as well. Additionally, the new scooter will get an app-based key for a keyless experience.

Ola has claimed that electric scooter will come with ergonomic seating. The company also claims the scooter will come with “superior cornering” ability as well as “class-leading acceleration.”

Egypt takes centre stage in West asian affairs

Egypt

• Capital – Cairo.

• Borders with:
 Libya – west
 Sudan – south
 Israel – Northeast

• Strategic location – Hub for trade routes between Africa, Europe, and Asia.
 Enhanced with opening of the Suez Canal.

• Topography – dominated by the Nile River.

• Official language – Arabic

• 2013 – Overthrew its first democratically elected
government.

• $12 billion aid package from Saudi Arabia, the
United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kuwait. • West Asian deposits – grants for the import of petroleum products.

West Asian politics

• Influenced by the active role played by Saudi
Arabia and the UAE.

• Role of Egypt – reluctant.
• Qatar Blockade – role of Egypt was not much intense.
 2017 – Arab transport blockade against Qatar in order to punish for its ties with radical Islamist groups.
 To pressure reducing its diplomatic and economic relations with Iran.

• Egypt regained influence – Good and abled
management of its economy – facilitated Egypt.
 Egyptian Economic reforms, 2015.
 Foreign exchange reserves of $40 billion by 2018.
 Growth rate of 5.6% in 2019.

Present Developments in West Asia

• Israel-Palestine conflict – negotiations by the
Egyptian diplomats and intelligence officers.

• Turkey – anxious to reopen its relations.

• Tripartite grouping
 Intent to broaden regional engagements.
 For Egypt – opportunity to move beyond its traditional dependence on Saudi Arabia
and to assert its leadership in the region.
 Coalition – near-bordering land mass and a considerable domestic agricultural and
industrial capacity.
 Extensive cooperation in energy connectivity
and reconstruction areas.

Challenges

• Ethiopia’s “Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam” on the Blue Nile
 Concern – source of around 95% of Egyptian fresh water.
 Fear – Restrict this access to fresh water – “existential threat”.

 Egypt tackling with
 Diplomatic engagements with Sudan, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Kenya.
 Major dam and hydropower project in
Tanzania.
• Strained relations with Turkey – Libyan peace
process and the East Mediterranean.
 Delineated energy claims in the Mediterranean sea – in conflict with Turkey’s claims. • Present scenario of pandemic
 Unemployment on a rise.
 Economy – slowed down recovery.
 Percentage of workers without adequate income increased.
 Poverty rate – 2% higher than in 2015.
 Concern – might compel Egypt to seek assistance from the Gulf States.

Goretzka monitored by Man Utd, Real Madrid & Barca

The Bayern midfielder would be a top target if he refuses to sign a new deal.

Manchester United, Real Madrid and Barcelona are closely monitoring the situation of Leon Goretzka at Bayern Munich, according to Bild.

👀

He could be signed on a free transfer next year if his current deal runs out.

What is IPO and all about Zomato IPO

IPO stands for Initial Public Offering. It refers to when a company make its shares available for the public in a new stock issuance. It helps the company to raise capital from public investors to raise its business operations. Through this process a private company turns into a pubic company. It enables easy trading of existing holdings or future capital raising by becoming publicly traded. Companies must meet requirements by exchanges and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to hold an initial public offering (IPO). After the IPO, shares are traded freely in the open market at what is known as the free float. Companies hire investment banks to market, gauge demand, set the IPO price and date, and more.

In order to apply for IPO, a company should have a net worth o $1 billion or a unicorn status. IPO gives company a lower cost of capital for debt and equity. It also increases company’s image, prestige which ultimately leads to raise in sales and profit. Companies hire investment banks to market, gauge demand, set the IPO price and date, and more. If adequate research is carried out investment in IPO can turn out very successful.

Zomato

Zomato is one such unicorn company which is among the leading Food Service Delivery platforms. It has a strong network of 131,233 restaurants and 161,637 delivery partners. Zomato IPO is a main-board IPO of equity shares of the face value of ₹1 aggregating up to ₹9,375.00 Crores. The issue is priced at ₹72 to ₹76 per equity share. It was opened on July 14 and closed on July 16. A minimum of 1 lot consisting of about 195 shares and costing around 15000 rupees and a maximum of 13 lots consisting of 2535 shares and 192,660 worth of price can be taken.

You can apply in Zomato IPO online using either UPI or ASBA as payment method. The finalization of Basis of Allotment for Zomato IPO will be done on Jul 22, 2021, and the allotted shares will be credited to your demat account by Jul 26, 2021. The tentative date of Zomato IPO listing is Jul 27, 2021.

Upanishadic Concept of Atman and Brahman

Upanishads are one of the oldest scriptures of the world. The term Upanishad (‘upa’ near; ‘ni’ down; ‘sad’ to sit) means sitting down near; this implies the students sitting down near their Guru to learn the mysteries of life and its creation. Upanishads were written later than Vedas and are said to be derived from the different Vedas. Upanishads mainly focused on ‘spiritual enlightenment’.

The concept of Brahman and Atman is deeply explored in the Upanishads in the form of dialogues. The dialogues can be between husband and wife, student and teacher etc. The Upanishads are extensively divided into 13 book, each of which tackles different concepts.

In general, Upanishads attribute the quality of ‘Creator’ and ‘Supreme Being’ to Brahman. This Brahman is said to be unfathomable, thus it’s impossible for a mere human to come close to Brahman by using external measures.

Thus the Upanishads shifted their focus from Brahman to Atman. (Self). Atman is considered to be a part of Brahman and is present within every human being. All of us are born with a spark of Divinity (God) within us and therefore it is our ultimate goal to unite this Atman (self) with the Brahman (Supreme Being) from which it formerly came.

Thus, if we are a part of Brahman itself then there cannot lie a separation between God and human beings. Because God is dwelling within all of us and so we are inherently one with God. We do not need to look for God elsewhere. But we cannot achieve this oneness unless we realise this fact.

Therefore, Upanishads say that inorder to be one with Brahman ‘self-actualisation’ is required.

This concept is best expressed in the Chandogya Upanishad by the phrase Tat Tvam Asi – “Thou Art That” – one is already what one wants to become; one only has to realize it.

According to Upanishads (related to Karma, Dhama and Rebirth) :

Each individual was thought to have been placed on earth for a specific purpose which was their duty (dharma) which they needed to perform with the right action (karma) in order to achieve self-actualization. Evil was caused by ignorance of the good and the resulting failure to perform one’s dharma through the proper karma.

Karma, if not discharged correctly, resulted in suffering – whether in this life or one’s next – and so suffering was ultimately the individual’s own fault.

The transmigration of souls (reincarnation) was considered a given in that, if a person failed to perform their dharma in one life, their karma (past actions) would require them to return to try again.

The one thing which striked me when I read the above point was the optimistic view towards Rebirth. Instead of Rebirth being called a suffering or something that one needs to get rid of, it is looked upon as a second chance to fulfill the duties we failed to achieve in our past lives. 🙂

Therefore, it’s true that our old scriptures reveal a lot of truth that is needed in our daily life. From encouraging us to accept suffering as a natural part of life, to believing in giving ourselves second chances, Upanishads explore a lot of deep concepts that needs to be more generalised to be accessible to audience who are not Philosophy Students.

World Nature Conservation Day

Conservation is the care and protection of  resources so that they can persist for future generations.

Conservation seeks the sustainable use of nature by humans along with preservation.

Preservation means protecting nature.

World Nature Conservation Day is celebrated on 28 July annually.

It is celebrated to generate awareness of the nature and its conservation.

Nature conservation means conserving habitat of different living organism, preventing deforestation, halting species extinction, reducing overfishing and mitigating climate change.

There is increasing interest in extending the responsibility for human well-being to include the Welfare of sentient animals.

Government play a major role in conserving our natural resources and various living organism.

There are various natural conservation is the laws implemented by government.

There are various threat to biodiversity:-

  • Habitat loss and fragmentation
  • Introduction of alien invasive species
  • Disturbance
  • Harvesting and over exploitation
  • Soil, water and atmospheric pollution
  • Intensive agriculture and forestry
  • Climate change

Habitat loss and fragmentation

  • Forests and grasslands turned into deserts.
  • Mangroves get cleared for fuel wood and prawn farming leads to Habitat loss of marine fish.
  • Waste land is increasing.
  • Human activities likely to eliminate approx 10 Millions species by the year of 2050.
  • Rate of disappearance of tropical forest in India is 0.6 % per year.

Thus, there is a need for conservation of living organism as well as natural resources.

Project Tiger – 268 in 1972 in 9 tiger reserve which increases to 1500 in 1997 in 23 Tiger Reserves.

Extinction of Dodo in Madagascar

Alien species

  • Introduction of Exotic breeds and disappearance of native species through biotic interaction.
  • Invasive species is a threat for Island ecosystem due to lack of competitors and Predator that control the population of native ecosystem.
  • E.g.-
    • Amazon sailfin catfish responsible for destruction of the population of Switzerland of Kolkata
    • Water hyacinth
    • Lantana bushes

Disturbance

  • Natural disturbance are very much differ from man made disturbance.
  • Natural disturbance like forest fire, cyclone, draught, Tsunami, etc. They disturb ecosystem very different way.
  • Human disturbances like synthetic compound, pesticides, massive release of radiation or spillover of oil in soil also affect our environment.
  • Biomagnification.
  • Eutrophication i.e, nutrient enrichment
  • Effect of anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac on vultures.

Harvesting and over exploitation

  • Exploitation includes hunting, fisheries, the impact of trade in Species and species parts.
  • Due to exploitation many species are getting treated at Global label such as births 30%, mammals 33%, amphibian 6%, marine fishes and reptiles.
  • Fishing often takes large incident catches of non-targeted species and crawling can destroy whole Marine community that live on sea floor.
  • Illegal poaching of animal for large economic benefit.
    • Skin and bones of Tiger, Ivory of elephant, horns of Rhinos, perfume of the Musk deer.

Climate change

  • Climate change is a major threat for all the species present on the globe.
  • Due to climate change the Global temperature is rising (0.74 degrees celsius in global mean surface temperature relative to pre- industrial levels), more extreme weather events, changing pattern of rainfall and drought can expected to have significant impact on biodiversity.

These factors affect directly and indirectly to the species in the form of:-

  • Loss of Polar habitat
  • Loss of coral reef
  • Ocean acidification
  • Shifting of weather
  • Effect on food chain

IUCN  Red List category

Red list is a catalogue of taxa that are facing the risk of extinction.

  • At present it is known as International Union for the conservation of nature and natural resources
  • IUCN has recognised 9 Red List categories of species:-
    1. Extinct
    2. Extinct in the wild
    3. Critically endangered
    4. Endangered
    5. vulnerable
    6. Near threatened
    7. Least concern
    8. Data deficient
    9. Not evaluated

The protected areas of India are :- National Park, Wildlife sanctuaries, conservation Reserves, community Reserves, biosphere reserve, Marine protected areas.

Nature conservation

Measures should be taken to conserve nature:-

  • Reduce reuse and recycle
  • Choose sustainable development
  • Choose long lasting light bulbs
  • Try to use renewable resources more than non-renewable resources.
  • Save water
  • Volunteer for clean up our environment
  • Volunteer for clean up our environment
  • Use public transport system
  • Plant more trees
  • Try to avoid plastic
  • Try to minimise pollution at individual level
  • Use reusable shopping bags
  • Educate others about anthropogenic activities or impact of anthropogenic actions on our environment and what can we do to prevent its bad effects.

How to get help in the programming forum

When we start our coding journey we used to get stuck at many places and e often want to get rid of it soon as possible but not many of us are blessed with some mentor who guides us through this journey but there comes to the programming forums like stack overflow or stack exchange where programmers help each other with there piece of code. And it is not only exclusive to beginners, even veterans get help from here and help in exchange!  But there are some manners or you can see unwritten rules between programmers on how to get help . Let us jump into it! :

Things to remember while getting help

Photo by Tim Gouw on Pexels.com
  1.  Whatever problem you have written it in a proper detailed manner. like specifying what problem/ error you are getting, what you are trying to do etc, and don’t forget to mention what you have already tried solving! because it saves both your and your helper’s time ! 
  2. Don’t ever forget to add some relevant screenshots/code of the problem! it helps you get helped fast! for codes use snippets! Or Pastebin!
  3. always gives more details whenever helpers ask for it! Sometimes what happens is we think this much information is enough to get help but it is oftentimes not true. and never think bad about it! helpers not trying to insult you or anything it’s always in a good means !There are some such cases when people get offended easily ! tip: don’t!
  4. So what happens quite some time that people get helped but they came across second follow up questions or they didn’t get something from the answer maybe like because of lack of knowledge/information. so they often think the helper may help them with this one too as they did before but remember one thing they are not obliged to answer your every question! and don’t worry someone else from somewhere helps you with that! so be little patience! helpers doesn’t get paid they doing this voluntary out of love/ passion for this they have, so be respectful towards them that they are trying to help you take out so valuable time from their life! with patience here comes our next point!
  5. so this point is very important, especially for beginners! because what most beginners do at these forums is they ask questions and see nobody replying to them in like a few minutes they leave it and go back to their other work. This is quite unprofessional behaviour. just let us suppose when you left the forum and someone came helping you and in between he wants a few more info regarding the question of what he is supposed to do wait for you > No! He is not obliged to do so by seeing such behaviour, the unresponsiveness many others helpers who may help in the case will not even try to help because they presume you may have solved it or don’t need help anymore. which is not true in your case !  that’s why it is advised to ask your question in your free time or when you can easily reply to their follow-up questions regarding your question! just have little patience young learners!
  6. last but not least! it is actually the first point, sort of saying! why? Because of most of the questions we come across, there are more chances that many others may also encounter it somewhere some time ago ! and get helped with it too! So the thread or the question related to most of the problem already exists in these forums or on any other website ! so our first step should be to simply “GOOGLE”, very important I repeat very importantly! as it will help others and yourself to save time and waste it on already resolved queries . The thing is many peeps don’t even put this much effort and interrupt the flow at these quality forums! And yes people are very concerned and strict about it so good luck!

so, you especially don’t worry if you have read and followed me all the way to this ! Now I suppose you know now what to do when you are stuck at some tricky code or silly one 🙂 best of luck 

What Do you think about this article pls tell me in the comments! and don’t forget to like it , sayonara 🙂

How Data Science is taking over the world

Data Science is nothing but finding patterns within the data. It uses various techniques to draw insights from the data. The goal of a data scientist is to derive useful information from huge amounts of data. In this era of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, almost 2.5 exabytes of data is transferred daily. The need for data has begun to rise tremendously since the last decade. Many companies have started to do business on data. New sectors have been created in the IT due to data.

What is data?

In computing language, data is nothing but useful information which has been translated into a for which is efficient for movement or processing. Data which is in its beginning stage is referred to as raw data. That is the basic form of any kind of data. In the modern era, almost everything is stored digitally in computers or smart phones in the form of data. Data in computers is represented as binary values, either 0 or 1. Data is usually measured in Bytes, Kilo bytes, mega bytes, etc.

What makes data so precious?

Nowadays, data is stored digitally rather than in physical format. This usually takes less space but requires a bit of money to store. Data stored digitally is considered safe from any kind of damage and attacks except for hackers. The only way data can be stolen is through hacking. As the population is increasing, the amount of data transferred and stored is also increasing.

There needs to be a way to extract necessary, important data from this huge ocean. Normally it will be a very tedious and time consuming task to search the data we need from such huge amounts of data. But data science provides us with a solution to search, extract and organize our data. Data science churns raw data into meaningful insights.

Why is Data Science Important?

Data is the new magic. A data scientist is a wizard who is able to create magic from the data. A professional and skilled data scientist can extract meaningful data from any chunk of raw data he is given. He helps the company in the right direction. The Data Scientist is an expert in various underlying fields of Statistics and Computer Science. He uses his analytical aptitude to solve business problems.

Data Scientist is well versed with problem-solving and is assigned to find patterns in data. His goal is to recognize redundant samples and draw insights from it. Data Science requires a variety of tools to extract information from the data. A Data Scientist is responsible for collecting, storing and maintaining any form of data.

Companies are using Data to analyze their marketing strategies and create better advertisements. Many times, businesses spend an astronomical amount on marketing their products but at times this may also not get them a solution. Therefore, by studying and analyzing customer feedback, companies are able to create better advertisements. The companies do so by carefully analyzing customer behavior online. Also, monitoring customer trends helps the company to get better market insights.

Therefore, businesses need Data Scientists to assist them in making strong decisions with regards to marketing campaigns and advertisements. Thus, data science has taken over the world and is ruling it currently.

The Calciopoli Scandal

‘Calciopoli’ was a match fixing scandal in Italy’s top professional football league, Serie A and to a lesser extent Serie B. The scandal was uncovered in May 2006, when a number of telephone calls showed relations between team managers and referee organizations during the 2004-05 and 2005-06 seasons, being accused of selecting favorable referees. This implicated then league champions Juventus and several other teams including AC Milan, Fiorentina, Lazio, and Reggina. In July 2006, Juventus were stripped of the 2004–05 title, and were downgraded to last place in the 2005–06 championship, the title was subsequently awarded to Inter Milan, and Juventus were relegated to Serie B.

On one end of the line were key figures in Italian football, at the other were refereeing officials. They were allegedly being pressured to favor certain clubs, with the claims only uncovered by chance as prosecutors were investigating claims of doping at Juventus. Then Juventus general manager Luciano Moggi was at the center of the scandal, though he has always denied any wrongdoing. Moggi, Juventus chairman Antonio Giraudo, Italian football federation (FIGC) president Franco Carraro and vice-president Innocenzo Mazzini ended up resigning from their respective roles. The name ‘Calciopoli’, which could be adapted in English as “Footballgate”, by analogy with the infamous Watergate Scandal.

The Punishments

The sanctions
Original punishmentFinal punishmentOther punishments
JuventusRelegated to Serie B, -30 pointsRelegated to Serie B, -9 pointsStripped of 2004-05 Serie A title, downgraded to bottom of 2005-06 table
AC Milan-15 points-8 pointsDeducted 30 points from 2005-06 season
FiorentinaRelegated to Serie B, -12 points-15 points in Serie AOut of 2006-07 Champions League
LazioRelegated to Serie B, -7 points-3 points in Serie AOut of 2006-07 Uefa Cup
Reggina-15 points-11 points€100,000 fine

The relegation of Juventus also prompted a mass exodus of important players such as Fabio Cannavaro, Lilian Thuram, and Zlatan Ibrahimovic. Some thirty other Serie A players who participated at the 2006 FIFA World Cup opted to move to other European leagues in the aftermath of the scandal.

The clubs demoted to Serie B were initially expected to have a difficult road back to the Italian top flight. They would have had to finish in the top two of Serie B to be assured of promotion and also had to avoid finishing in the bottom four to avoid being relegated to Serie C1. Juventus, for example, were initially docked 30 points, the equivalent of having ten wins reversed. This made it very likely that they would not return to Serie A until 2008 at the earliest. The point penalty, however, was reduced to nine points, giving Juventus a fighting chance at promotion.

Juventus went on to win Serie B in the 2006–07 season and made a swift return to Serie A.

https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49910626

THE 5 BIGGEST FANDOMS IN THE WORLD

The world is filled with various kinds of people with incredible taste in music, movies, and books. After doing a bit of research here are some fandoms that stand at the top positions in this world.

BTS ARMY

No doubt that Kpop has taken over the entire world but BTS fans called ARMY consists of people who are poorly divided in culture and are unbiased and dedicated. They are over 90M in number and they all have their own beautiful story or reason to join the fandom. The ARMY is filled with creative people who make art related to BTS, do dance and singing covers, visit concerts and fests, and most importantly do a lot of charity for the welfare of society.

HARRY POTTER

Harry Potter is one of the best fictions ever written and made. From the 90s kids to Gen Z, Everyone knows the legendary story of Harry Potter. There are more than 500 million books sold worldwide. The numbers are huge and so is the fandom called Potterhead. From books to movies to games to merchandise, harry potter is growing huge even today!

ANIME

Anime is Japanese animation that is enjoyed by people all around the world. It is also available in the language of choice. The fans are called Weebs or Otaku. They consist of people of various cultures that show their creative skills through cosplays and art. Stories that keep you hooked and teach you lessons are life but also serve a good laugh is what anime is all about.

MARVEL

The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe centered on a series of superhero films produced by Marvel Studios. It consists of so many superheroes that everyone on this earth has at least heard about one. From spider man to black widow to captain marvel the superheroes are incredibly written and the actors have also played their part in enhancing the universe of superheroes. Most of the kids get old with superheroes in their minds and Marvel did the right thing by bringing it to media.

STAR WARS

Star Wars is an American epic space opera multimedia franchise that began with the eponymous 1977 film and quickly became a worldwide pop-culture phenomenon. People all around the world have had a special connection to this franchise and it made a huge impact on the fans as they made efforts to buy things and grow this space-oriented and AI masterpiece.

Article By : Haniah Mirza