Tips For Acing An Online Interview

Online interviews are now becoming the standard as businesses continue to adapt to grow Due to the extreme extraordinary changes brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic, employers have turned to online interviewing technologies and video conferencing programs like as Zoom, Google Meet, and Skype, among many others, to assess potential employees in a timely and cost-effective fashion.

Appearing for an online interview might be intimidating for several prospective candidates, particularly first-timers. As a result, I’ve compiled a list of some suggestions that will not only enable you put your best foot forward but will also put you on the road to success, even though you might be thousands of miles away.

1. Before you begin, check your devices and wifi service

Remember to test your wifi connection a few hours before your virtual interview to confirm that it is stable. Have such a PC that satisfies all of the technical requirements. Test your webcam, audio, and headset well before the interview as well.A bad internet service results in delayed videos and distorted audio, which could become a deal breaker. As a result, make all required preparations to guarantee that the internet can provide high-quality video.

2. Set the tone and keep interruptions to a minimum

If you struggle with your laptop or alter your posture throughout the interview, the company will have reasons to question your candidacy since you may appear unprepared. To prevent making such an impression, plan ahead of time by selecting a location with adequate illumination. A bare wall in the background will assist you in being the main focus of the dialogue.

Next, aim your camera at or somewhat around eye level for the best possible eye contact. If you don’t have a laptop stand, then set it on top of a stack of books. To prevent seeming washed out, keep the light in front of you. Reduce clutter from the area and clean it up to make it appear more orderly.

3. Dress professionally

Because a virtual interview doesn’t really imply that it is not genuine, be dressed as you might for an in-person interview. Formal wear demonstrates your seriousness about the job and aids in the establishment of a positive connection with your recruiter. Choose professional or business casual clothes, such as button-down shirts and blazers. Furthermore, avoid any bright colours or distracting designs to prevent drawing your interviewer’s focus away from you.

4. Switch off or silence your phone’s notifications

The pre-interview protocol requires (and it should go without saying) that you should switch off your phone alerts before going online. Log out of any social media or messaging platforms that could send notifications to the laptop. Websites with auto-play music or video should be closed. 

Lock your windows to block out any sirens or traffic horns. Switch off the television. Well before the online interview, evaluate your surroundings and eliminate any possible interruptions. But, if they occur, don’t be alarmed; instead, accept them with grace.

5. Keep your body language professional

You could express your enthusiasm and confidence via nonverbal communication, such as body language. Retain good body position and establish good eye contact to appear attentive. 

Begin with the virtual greeting – say hello and face into the webcam to smile and nod confidently and warmly. According to research, interviewers are much more likely to recall what a prospect said if they keep eye contact throughout the interview. Similarly, whenever the individual has completed speaking, you can use a visual indication such as nodding to indicate that you understood them.

6. Also have backup plan in hand

Whenever a technical error occurs during a video conference, everyone can see. Oftentimes, even after doing all that was possible, a connectivity problem might still arise. As a result, have a fallback option ready just in case the video software fails or the wifi goes down. If the internet goes down on you, you may ask to do a classic telephone interview. Furthermore, if you face technical difficulties such as a stuck video or echoing audio, you could also politely request the interviewer to repeat anything you might have missed.

7. Keep in touch

A timely follow-up might allow you to market yourself and discuss topics you may have missed during the interview. It’s a good gesture to send a brief follow-up email to the recruiter, reinforcing your enthusiasm by thanking them for their time. 

Zomato IPO opened for subscription

Indian Twitter is abuzz with activity as online food delivery service provider Zomato’s initial public offering (IPO) worth ₹ 9,375 crore opened up for subscription. India’s biggest this year – will be available for subscription till Friday, July 16, 2021. The price band of Zomato IPO is fixed at Rs 72-76 per share of the face value of Rs 1 each and the company aims to raise Rs 9,375 crore through the offer.The IPO comprises a fresh issue of equity shares worth Rs 9,000 crore and an offer for sale (OFS) worth Rs 375 crore by existing investor Info Edge (India), which is the parent company of Naukri.com, according to the information provided in the red herring prospectus.

What is IPO?

An initial public offering (IPO) refers to the process of offering shares of a private corporation to the public in a new stock issuance. Public share issuance allows a company to raise capital from public investors. The transition from a private to a public company can be an important time for private investors to fully realize gains from their investment as it typically includes share premiums for current private investors. Companies must meet requirements by exchanges and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to hold an initial public offering (IPO). An IPO can be seen as an exit strategy for the company’s founders and early investors, realizing the full profit from their private investment.

How does IPO work?

Prior to an IPO, a company is considered private. As a private company, the business has grown with a relatively small number of shareholders including early investors like the founders, family, and friends along with professional investors such as venture capitalists or angel investors.

When a company reaches a stage in its growth process where it believes it is mature enough for the rigors of SEC regulations along with the benefits and responsibilities to public shareholders, it will begin to advertise its interest in going public.

Typically, this stage of growth will occur when a company has reached a private valuation of approximately $1 billion, also known as unicorn status.

Zomato.

Zomato was founded as Foodiebay in 2008, and was renamed Zomato on 18 January 2010 as Zomato Media Pvt. Ltd In 2011, Zomato expanded across India to Delhi NCR, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Pune and Kolkata. In 2012, the company expanded operations internationally in several countries, including the United Arab Emirates, Sri Lanka.

With the introduction of “.xxx” domains in 2011, Zomato also launched zomato.xxx, a site dedicated to food porn. In May 2012, it launched a print version of the website named “Citibank Zomato Restaurant Guide,” in collaboration with Citibank, but it has since been discontinued.

  • On 21 January 2020, Zomato acquired its rival Uber Eats’ business in India in an all stock deal, giving Uber Eats 10% of the combined business.
  • On 29 June 2021, Zomato signed a deal with Grofers to invest nearly $120 Million in the online grocery firm by acquiring 9.3% stakes of the company

Breaches in security of users

On 4 June 2015, an Indian security researcher hacked the Zomato website and gained access to information about 62.5 million users. Using the vulnerability, he was able to access the personal data of users such as telephone numbers, email addresses, and Instagram private photos using their Instagram access token. Zomato fixed the issue within 48 hours of it becoming apparent. On 15 October 2015, Zomato changed business strategies from a Full-Stack market to an Enterprise market. This led Zomato to reduce its workforce by 10%, or around 300 people.

Story – A loop of Grief

This story not only epitomizes love, friendship, and resilience but also about loss, grief, and despair. This global pandemic has caught us in an infinite loop; the number of endless cases adding up each day and with it the increasing number of deaths.

A week ago, my best friend and also a Neurosurgeon, Ram Tripathi was infected by Covid-19
and was admitted to the same hospital. The day when he was admitted, his oxygen levels were
plummeting. And as the days passed, his health worsened and we had to put him on the ventilator. Every day, I personally went to his bed for checkups. For those 2 mins, he would ask about no one but his wife and his baby girl. I can still remember the last words he said to me the day before he died – “Promise me you’ll take care of my wife and Naira (his 5-months old daughter). Meera always wanted to be a baker but… I’ll have to leave her this journey halfway” At that moment all I could do was just hold his hands and assure him that he’ll be fine.

The next day, I was asked to hurry to the hospital, there was an emergency; It was Ram taking his last breaths. We all tried our best to save him but we couldn’t. I couldn’t process all of this and was asked to call his wife and inform her about his death. Somehow, I gathered the courage to dial her number but stood quiet. She was getting anxious with every passing second and lined up questions if Ram’s doing okay and why am I not speaking up. After a min, I said her that we lost him. She screamed and wept; I could hear the baby girl crying in the background too, only if she knew that her dad won’t be back home ever again. Today, lying on
the death bed, all that’s running in my mind is the promises I made to Ram. Also how after I die, my mother would be called and informed that she lost her son to Covid-19 too, how she won’t be able to believe that all her prayers were left unanswered.
But fortunately, I lived and I feel the only reason I’m alive is that I’d to keep the promise, the one that I made to Ram. Till the day I recovered, it was time to scatter Ram’s ashes. In my absence, Meera and Naira stayed at my place with my parents. Meera had already gone into deep despair. I could see her eyes all red as if she cried herself to sleep every night and shed blood tears. She often called me Bhaiya and I took it as my responsibility to make my younger sister achieve all her dreams and also keep my promise to Ram.
Years went and she was among the best bakers in our city yet I haven’t seen her smile in all these years. As if with Ram, her smile went along. Naira was her only ray of hope and only
motivation. She wanted her to live a better life and did every possible thing that Ram would have dreamt for her daughter.


Just like millions of people lost their loved ones to this Covid-19, Meera( Ram’s wife) lost her husband, and Naira (his 5-months old daughter) lost her dad even before she could talk to him. Yet Meera didn’t lose hope and stood strong to take care of her child all by herself. She started her own bakery shop with the help of funds arranged by Mayank initially. Later, she lived her life on her own terms and would never let her daughter’s wish unfulfilled.


Like Meera, when one feels stuck in a loop of grief or despair, just remember,

“हर कठिन समय के बाद

एक खूबसूरत सुबह जरूर होती है।

समय की विशेता यही है

की यह बदलता जरूर है।”

NOVAL APPROACHES TO BUILD A STRTUP TEAM FOR AN AGILE WORLD

Start ups are different from large established companies .So in order to thrive in technological world the corporate culture must be changed from traditional mind set to agile mind set. So, in order to change the traditional cultures of start ups they must need a perfect team which converts the entrepreneurial ideas into reality. Corporate culture has been changing extensively from the last two decades on wards with its instinctive technology, salary package and benefit factors. In todays competitive situations every startup or an established company must have a team with agile mindset.

WHAT IS AN AGILE MINDSET?

The Agile Mindset is a movement away from traditional, which avoids the bureaucratic leadership like which can involve office politics and a “whoever is loudest is right” mentality. Instead, the agile mindset keeps ego aside from the teams and focus on what is right, instead of who is right. This agile methodology was emerged in 2001 for the development of software practices by providing more reliable workspaces and improved management but now it is a globally embraced framework and mindset which enables business to be better in almost every field with its viability of vision.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AGILE MINDSET ARE AS FOLLOWS:

PRINCIPLES OF VISION TO VIABILITY FOR AN AGILE TEAM ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Keeping the above picturized principles in mind which can help a start up to build a perfect team to become more open-minded to the agile mindset approach. These are the core values which helps to nurture more efficiency in teamwork.  This methodology can be used for our personal development also, in order to determine the clear goals or achievements that we want to reach. Now, let’s have an idea about ” How to build an agile team ? “

THE SEVEN MAJOR VISIONARIES TO BUILD AN AGILE TEAM IS AS FOLLOWS:

1 ATTRACT AWSOME TALENT: Try to choose every individual with complementary skills who share the excitement for the company vision. So that they give their best for growth of the company.

2 CREATE FOCUSED & ALIGNED TEAMS: Companies should create the teams which concentrate on the key initiatives to meet the desired goals and achievements of the company.

3 CREATE A LEARNING ORGANISATION: The team must posses the flexibility to manage or make some adjustments to the plan to avoid un necessary risks.

4 BUILD A COHESIVE TEAM: Building a cohesive team adds a marks to the company because this type of team celebrates the collective win over the individual gain and learns from the failure.

5 BUILD A TEAM TO EMBRACE THE DIFFICULT DECISIONS: The team must address the mistakes that has been done previously or during the running project and should change them according to needs of project growth.

6 Foster a culture into the team which can embrace flexibility and also to thrive in good time or bad time.

7 Give an allow for both GEN Y and GEN Z categories in order to tap the high performance energy and fresh thinking ability.

Finally, founders or HR’s of the start ups must cross check all the abilities in hiring a person. Try to maintain some techniques while hiring a person i.e give priority to the aptitude over the experience because fresh thinking always enhances better results and look for the passion in the candidate who want’s to join in the company. Always remember that hiring persons from different cultures can give a strong grip to the foundation of a start up because diversity creates better decisions and the most important thing in hiring process is constantly polishing the way of hiring. Try to look for the culture “FIT” and always be recruiting so that we can form the best teams than the previous once which helps in the growth of the company.

COVID R FACTOR

Why is it a matter of concern now?

According to a PTI report, researchers at the Chennai-based Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc) revealed that the R-value for coronavirus has gone up for the country.  Their analysis revealed that it has gone from 0.78 on June 30 to 0.88 in the first week of July. This is despite the nationwide tally of new cases remaining low. 

What is the cause of worry?

This analysis has added to the worries and concerns about the pandemic as it comes amid the unlocking process by many states trying to restore a semblance of normalcy as the deadly second wave, which infected lakhs and killed thousands during its peak in April-May, shows signs of ebbing.

Sitabhra Sinha, who led the team of researchers said the ‘R’ for India is still below one, so the number of active cases is decreasing at a much slower rate. The same trend of slowing down in the rate of decline in active cases is also seen in many states.

“Kerala showed a brief spike in cases and its R continues to hover close to 1. The northeast region is of great concern. Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and possibly Tripura are showing a rise in the number of cases,” Sinha pointed out.

What does the analysis say?

When the second wave of the coronavirus infection was at its peak, the overall R-value in the country was estimated to be 1.37 between March 9 and April 21. It declined to 1.18 between April 24 and May 1 and then to 1.10 between April 29 and May 7, according to the analysis.

Between May 9 and 11, the R-value was estimated to be around 0.98. It then came down to 0.82 from May 14 to May 30. The R-value was 0.78 from May 15 to June 26 and 0.88 from June 20 to July 7.

In Kerala, the R-value is estimated to be around 1.10. As for the northeastern states, the R for Manipur is 1.07, Meghalaya 0.92, Tripura 1.15, Mizoram 0.86, Arunachal Pradesh 1.14, Sikkim 0.88, Assam 0.86.

Rising Covid-19 cases in Kerala, coupled with the recent outbreak of the Zika virus, is a matter of concern for the health authorities as the southern state battles to bring down daily new infections.

What does the change in R value mean now?

“India’s R has increased a bit to 0.88 from June-end after being at the lowest ever value of 0.78 (since the pandemic began in March last year) from mid-May till late last month,” PTI quoted Sinha.

This means, every 100 infected people on average pass on the infection to 88 other individuals. If R is lesser than 1, it means the number of newly infected people is lower than the number of infected people in the preceding period which means the disease incidence is going down, the lead researcher said.

“The smaller the value of R is, the faster the disease is on decline. Conversely, if R is greater than 1, the number of infected people is increasing in each round—technically, this is what we call the epidemic phase. The bigger the number is than 1, the faster the rate of spreading of the disease in the population,” Sinha added.

On Tuesday, PM Modi urged people not to compromise on Covid protocols to prevent a third wave of coronavirus.

Stress Management

Nowadays people have become fascinated about their money and beauty but they are not giving due care to their mental health. Stress is a mental tension caused by demanding ,taxing , burdensome circumstances and our increasingly busy lives.A life full of stress is something which is not acceptable and desirable by a person because when a person is in stress the hormones called CORTISOL and ADRENALINE are released into the blood stream thereby suppressing the functioning of the immune, digestive and reproductive system.

Also we need to understand every stress is not considered the bad one because stress is actually the survival response, when our body thinks that it is in danger it is also called as fight or flight response. The problem arises when the situation is constantly prevailing causing stress in the lives and a person don’t know how to manage it. That’s why stress management is tremendously important for our health, quality of life and relationships.

Migraines due to stress

Ways to Overcome Stress

1- Avoid Caffeine , Alcohol and Nicotine:

Many people try to overcome their stress by consuming alcohol , nicotine and rich in caffeine drinks but this is the big mistake people are committing which needs to be stopped first. Caffeine and Nicotine are stimulants which increases the level of stress rather than reducing it. Also alcohol is not ultimately helpful as it is a depressant when consumed in large quantities and a stimulant in small quantities. Herbal and other natural drinks must be consumed for keeping a person hydrated and to avoid these harmful stimulants.

2-Get more sleep:

Sleep plays an important role in maintaining a well being of an individual both physically and mentally. Lack of sleep is also an ultimate cause of stress. The environment of the bedroom must be calming and relaxing for a person so that they can have a sweet sleep also it is important to make sure that the bedroom is a tranquil oasis with no items of causing stress. There must be a fixed schedule for a person to sleep everyday so that the body get used to a predictable bedtime routine.

3-Talk to someone:

Communication allows a person to either distract them from their stressful situations or helps in reducing the built up tension by discussing it . In most of the situations a good friend and a colleague or a family member can guide us in a better way and also can provide us with the best solution for our stress.

4-Stress Diary:

In order to overcome stress the most significant thing is to understand what is the situation causing it so a person must have to maintain a stress diary in which they can write about their feelings and different situations along with their date ,time and the people they were with . This will eventually let them know what triggers them. It is basically a effective stress management tool to avoid stressful situations and to handle them with ease.

5-Physical activities:

Accompanying the daily life with proper exercises ,games and meditation will also help in avoiding stress as they can be used as a surrogate to metabolize the excessive stress hormones and restore the body in more calm state.

SUPREME COURT

The Supreme Court of India is the country’s highest judicial court. It is the final court of appeal in the country. It is hence, an extremely important topic in the UPSC exam polity and governance sections.

  1. 15th February 2021: Former Supreme Court Judge, Justice PB Sawant Passed Away on this day.
  2. Supreme Court is examining a petition relating to the Social Media Firm Facebook and its Messaging Application WhatsApp over their terms of service and privacy policy that were to be out on February 8th, 2021.
  3. 13th February 2021: Statement from Supreme Court while dismissing a review petition on the anti-citizenship law protests held in Delhi’s Shaheen Bagh in 2019 – “Right To Protest Cannot Be Anytime, Everywhere.”
  • The Federal Court of India was created as per the Government of India Act 1935.
  • This court settled disputes between provinces and federal states and heard appeals against judgements of the high courts.
  • After independence, the Federal Court and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council were replaced by the Supreme Court of India, which came into being in January 1950.
  • The Constitution of 1950 envisaged a Supreme Court with one Chief Justice and 7 puisne Judges.
  • The number of SC judges was increased by the Parliament and currently, there are 34 judges including the Chief Justice of India (CJI). 

Supreme Court of India – Functions

  • It takes up appeals against the verdicts of the High Courts, other courts and tribunals.
  • It settles disputes between various government authorities, between state governments, and between the centre and any state government.
  • It also hears matters which the President refers to it, in its advisory role.
  • The SC can also take up cases suo moto (on its own).
  • The law that SC declares is binding on all the courts in India and on the Union as well as the state governments.

Supreme Court Jurisdiction

The jurisdiction of the SC is of three types:

  1. Original – Read in detail about Original Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in the linked article. 
  2. Advisory – Notes on Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court are given in the linked article. 
  3. Appellate 

Supreme Court Composition

  • Including the CJI, there are 34 judges in the Supreme Court.
  • The judges sit in benches of 2 or 3 (called a Division Bench) or in benches of 5 or more (called a Constitutional Bench) when there are matters of fundamental questions of the law is to be decided.

The Procedure of the Supreme Court of India

The Supreme Court of India has powers to consult the President to regulate the practice and procedure of the Court.

The Constitutional Cases are usually decided by a bench consisting of five judges whereas other cases are decided by a bench of at least three judges.

The seat of Supreme Court

As per the Constitution of India, Delhi is declared as the seat of the Supreme Court of India. However, the Chief Justice of India has the power to assign another place (s) as the seat of the Supreme Court. This is only an optional provision and not mandatory.

SC Judge Eligibility

As per Article 124, an Indian citizen who is below 65 years of age is eligible to be recommended for appointment as a judge of the SC if:

  1. he/she has been a judge of one or more High Courts, for at least 5 years, or
  2. he/she has been an advocate in one or more High Courts for at least 10 years, or
  3. he/she is in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist.

Independence of Judiciary

The Constitution has many provisions to ensure the judiciary’s independence. They are discussed below:

  1. Security of tenure: The judges of the SC are given security of tenure. Once appointed, they will retain their office until the age of 65 years. They can be removed only by a presidential order on grounds of proven misbehaviour and/or incapacity. This requires a Special Majority according to Article 368. Read more about the types of majorities in Parliament in the linked article.
  2. Salaries and allowances: The judges of the SC enjoy good salaries and allowances and these cannot be decreased except in the case of a financial emergency. The expenses of the High Court are charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, which is not subject to vote in the state legislature.
  3. Powers and Jurisdiction: The SC’s powers and jurisdiction can only be added by the Parliament and not be curtailed. 
  4. The conduct of any judge of the Supreme Court in the discharge of his/her duties cannot be discussed in the legislature.
  5. The SC has the power to punish any person for its contempt, as per Article 129. (Read about Contempt of Court in India in the linked article.)
  6. Separation of the Judiciary from the Executive: A Directive Principle of State Policy says that the state shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the state. According to Article 50, there shall be a separate judicial service free from executive control.

Who is the Chief Justice of India in 2021?

The Current Chief Justice of India (CJI) is Sharad Arvind Bobde. He took the office of Chief Justice of India on 18 November 2019.

How many supreme courts are there in India?

There is only 1 Supreme Court in India. And, there are 25 High Courts.

What are the powers and functions of the Supreme Court?

SC is the highest judicial court in India. It upholds the rule of law and also guarantees and protects citizens’ rights and liberties as given in the Constitution. Therefore, the Supreme Court is also known as the Guardian of the Constitution.

How many judges are there in Supreme Court?

At present, there are 34 judges in the SC including the CJI.

Can Supreme Court overrule President India?

Technically, the President cannot overrule the SC. Only Parliament can amend any law to overcome the decision of the SC. The President has the pardoning power, which he can exercise on the advice of the Council of Ministers. Even here, the President does not overrule the SC. The judgement of the Court remains, only, the President can “pardon” the punishment.

The Pandemic’s Impact on Mental health

BY-ADITI RAJ

Everyone across the world is being informed about the physical health effects of covid-19 infection and the steps to prevent exposure from the virus. But, the effects of this pandemic on an individual’s mental health have still not studied in length. As most of the efforts are focused towards understanding the epidemiology, prevention from the contamination and management from covid-19 outbreak, there’s been a little concern over the effects of one’s mental health. The present situation arising due to the stressful situation in pandemic requires raising awareness in public, which can be helpful to deal with the calamity. This article deals with the detailed description of the effect of the covid-19 outbreak on the mental health of an individual.

The coronavirus pandemic is not just a medical phenomenon; it is affecting an individual mental health causing anxiety, stress and causes disruption or even xenophobia(fear of strangers).As more and more people are being forced to stay at home with self-isolation to prevent the further contamination of the virus, governments should must take the necessary measures to provide mental health support prescribed by the mental healthy experts. According to study conducted in United States ,17.5% of participants reported suicide ideation, and 4.9% had attempted suicide during the covid-19 outbreak.

Quarantine and self-isolation can most likely cause a negative impact on a person mental health. Also a review published in The Lancet said that the separation from loved ones, loss of freedom and boredom can cause a sudden deterioration in one’s mental health. Kids can have anxiety because of the isolation situation they are facing and being away from their school and friends can lead them to distress feeling. In this situation parents should remain calm along with trying every possible way to cheer their child. Elderly people are also facing problem and also they are more prone towards the COVID-19 outbreak. The elderly people living in nursing homes can face extreme mental health issues. However, as simple as a phone call from their family can help to console them.

Understanding the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on an individual’s mental health of various population is as important as understanding the physical features and management. Hence, spending time with your family members and taking break from traditional and social media can help to overcome health issues.

“Save Water ,Save Life”

‘Water is a driving force of all nature’- Leonardo Da Vincci.

A children holding a poster with the request SAVE WATER is actually sending across a severe warning……………

We are headed for a water crisis and a very serious one at that. Do you really think it is an issue we can dare to neglect? I do not think so.Water is very essential for all life forms to survive and grow. For any personal, commercial, industrial, or any other use the water is required.Life without water is impossible. Also, the drinkable water is quite low and if we continue to wastewater at the speed we do today, the day is not far when we will have to fight for water. But still, let me ask you one question, are we actually working in the direction of saving water? The rightful answer would be no.

Water management & conservation of resources:

The problem with these issues (water management and conservation of resources) is that there are numerous parties with vested interests that tend to play down these serious threats staring us in the face in a not so distant a future. While most authorities that are respected are unanimous in their conclusion of global warming as a serious threat, there are others who look upon the very phenomenon of global warming as a typical case of environmental Cassandras trying to hog the limelight. If you have to seriously address issues like global warming or water crisis, one leading to the other, corporate houses which depend on numerous factories that create all the filth shall have to take steps that would seriously create a big dent in their pockets. No corporate house would be eager to do this.

Therefore, they purposely overlook the fact that the sources of fresh water are limited. If you are so concerned with your immediate profit that you tend to overlook the disastrous results in the long run for all life on this earth, you are no less than plain stupid! The extent to which the corporate sector can be callous can be clearly understood from the following example:-

A proposal by South India Bottling Company Private Limited (SIBCL), a Coca-Cola franchisee, to set up a 280 million (US $ 6,500,000) soft -drinks unit in Gangaikondan village of Tirunelveli district in southern Tamil Nadu, has run into trouble. Many local residents, political parties and environmentalists have raised concerns that the water-intensive plant will deplete and contaminate groundwater and draw from Tamiraparani River, that cannot fully meet even drinking water and agricultural needs of local communities. Research by the India Resource Centre revealed a number of discrepancies and misinformation in SIBCL’s public statements regarding its water usage and daily production. We can also remember in this context that the world leaders really fight it out when something as dangerous as poisonous gas emissions bave to be curtailed. Indeed, how myopic can people be!

However, blaming corporates and factories would not be a complete part of the solution. There is the other side of the picture too. A 2006 United Nations report focuses on issues of governance as the core of the water crisis, saying There is enough water for everyone’ and “Water insufficiency is often due to mismanagement, corruption,lack of appropriate institutions, bureaucratic inertia and a shortage of investment in both human capacity and physical infrastructure.” Official data also shows a clear correlation between access to safe water and GDP per capita.

While the observation made by the UN is true, the role of climate change in aggravating a terrible water crisis around the globe is also An Inconvenient Truth as Al Gore calls it. According to a UN climate report, the Himalayan glaciers that are the sources of Asia’s biggest rivers-Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween and Yellow-could disappear by 2035 as temperatures rise. Approximately 2.4 billion people live in the drainage basin of the Himalayan Rivers. India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar could experience floods followed by droughts in coming decades. In India alone, the Ganga provides water for drinking and farming for more than 500 million people. The west coast of North America, which gets much of its water from glaciers in mountain ranges such as the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada, would also be affected.

What would happen if this wastage of water is allowed to continue? News reports about the Gangotri Glacier receding have become fairly common. Can you imagine India without the Ganga? Are we going to silently bear with the progressive destruction of the most precious resource, and leave our future generations to face some bloody war for the control of water resources?

How can we Save Water?

you know there is many points you can do in your day to day life for water conservation.Each of these methods of water conservation is simple and easy and certainly things that anyone can take advantage of.

1. Turning the water off when brushing your teeth or washing your hair can save a lot of water. In fact, as much as 160 gallons of water can be conserved each month when you turn the water off.

2. Purchase water-efficient products and appliances for your home. This includes dishwashers, sink systems, bathtubs and more. These products pay for themselves in no time at all.

3. Plant you garden in the spring and you can save since water requirement levels are less during this season.

4. Do not use water to defrost foods. Although many people do use this method it requires a lot of water consumption to do this.

5. Check for leaks. This includes the toilet and the sinks in the home. Even a small leak could cause an extensive amount of extra water usage and more money added to the water bill.

6. Stop using extra water when you flush by avoiding placing anything in the toilet. This includes tissue and cigarette butts. Using this method to eliminate these items will cost you an additional 5 to 6 gallons of water per flush.

7. Insulate your pipes. This will prevent them from freezing in the winter while also helping heat water up faster, among other benefits.

8. When washing clothes, make sure that you are washing full loads of laundry only. You are wasting a lot of water washing only half of a load.

Russian Revolution and its Impact

The biggest outcome of the war,the Russian revolution,was unique in world history.The socio political and economic conditions prevailing in Russia were brought to head by the War.There were really two revolutions in the year 1917 ,one in March and the other in November.On the abdication of the Tsar the bourgeois government which followed, wanted to continue the war.But the people were against it.So there was a second great uprising under the guidance their leader Lenin,who seized power and established a communist government in Russia.

Causes of the Revolution

Social causes

In Russia Peter the Great and Catherine I I attempted westernisation without changing the social conditions.The Russian peasents were serfs tied to lands owned by wealthy Russians.Afer Russia’s defeat in the Crimean War,some reforms were introduced.In 1861 Tsar Alexander I I abolished serftom and emancipated the serfs .But they were not given enough land to subsist.These peasents became the powder keg for the revolution.The labourers and workers whose number had increased on account of industrialisation were aggrieved as they got very low wages.

Role of Revolutions

The spread of revolutionary ideas among the intelligentsia and their repression by the Tsar’s government made the socialistically inclined students to carry their propaganda to the peasantry.In course of time these students disillusioned with the outcome of their work with the peasants,took to “terrorism”.yet the revolutionary forces swelled ,with the joining of the many minority groups like Jews and poles.Soon,based on the Marxist philosophy,new ideas began to take shape and a social and Democratic Labour party was formed.The Marxists declared themselves against acts of terriosm.They believed that the working class had to be roused to action,and inky by such mass action could they achieve thier goal.

Autocracy of the Tsar

Tasr Nicholas I I

Tsar Nicholas I I of Romanow dynasty had little experience of government.His wife Tsarina Alexandra was a dominant personality and Nicholas was under her strong influence.Nicholax mistrusted most of his ministers and he was surrounded by flatters.Determined that Russia should not be left out in tha scramble for colonial possessions, Nicholas encouraged Russian expansion in Manchuria.This provoked a war with Japan in 1904.The resulting Russian defeat led to strikes and riots.On 23 January 1902 Father Gapon,a priest,organised a march of men, women and children on the Tsar’s winter palace in St.Petersburg demanding a representative national assembly and agraian and industrial reforms.But police and soldiers fired on the procession.Hundreds were killed and many thousands wounded.The events of this day led to riots, strikes and violence in which the governor-general of Moscow,an uncle of the Tsar,was killed by a bomb.Nicholas was forced to grant a constitution and establish a parliament,the Duma.This was no longer satisfactory to the left-wing parties that formed a Soviet of workers delegates in St Petersburg,led by Trotsky.Similar Soviets were set up in other cities.The Duma gave the middle classes,a voice in government.So the moderates were supportive of the government’s policy,while the left wing continued their opposition.

Opposition to Tsar and Dissolution of Duma

The outbreak of the First world war had temporarily strengthened the monarchy,as Russia allied to France and Britian.As there was rumour of a palace revolution.Nicholas made himself the commander-in-chief of the army.At the end of 1916 ,Rasputin,who had a domineering influence over the Tsar and the Tsarina,was murdered by a member of the Tsar’s family.The members of the St.Petersburg Soviet were arrested.Whenever the Duma opposed the Tsar’s move,it was dissolved and fresh elections held.Without change of government policy,the fourth Duma ended with the revolution of 1917.

Popular uprisings

Even on 23 February 1917,when the socialists celebrated International working Women’s Day on that day ,The Tsar seemed unchallengeable.But he had to abdicate on the morning of 2 March.Though none called for strikes fearing that the time was not ripe for militant action,the bread shortages among women textile workers,many with husbands in the army, forced them to go on strike anyway and March through the factory areas of Petrograd ,the capital of the Russian Empire.Masses of women workers demanding “Bread for workers “waved their arms towards factory workers and shouted”Come out !” “Stop work!” The city’s 4,00,000 workers joined the movement the next day (24 February)

Abdication of Tsar

The government used the troops to break the strike.But soon mutinies broke out in the barracks.The Tsar ordered a declaration of material law.But his order was not broadcast in the city,as there was no one to do this job.The Tsar then tired to return to Petrograd.The railway workers stopped his train.The generals at the front and some leaders in petrograd, frightened by these developments pleaded with the Tsar to abdicate.On 15 March, Nicholas I I abdicated.

The revolutionary Tamil poet Bharathiyar cheerfully welcomed the revolution in Russia by penning these poetic lines…

The Mother Great,the power supreme,
Turned her galance benign towards Russia,
The Revolution of the Age,
Behold the wonder ,rises high
The tyrant howling falls down limp,
The shoulders of the heavenly god’s,
Are swelling now with joy and pride,
Eyes hot with unshed tears,the demons,perish.O people of the world, Behold this mightly change!

Provisional Government

There were two parallel bodies to take on government functions.One was of the bourgeois politicians of the old state Duma, comprising prospertied classes.On the other there were workers’ delegates drawn together in a workers council,or Soviet.The workers’ delegates in the Soviet were influenced by the underground left-wingers .Those in the Duma were able to form a provincial government with the consent of the Soviets.The Soviet was dominated by Mensheviks and the minority Bolshevik were timid and undecided.The situation changed with the arrival of Lenin.

Failure of provisional Government

Lenin was in Switzerland when the revolution broke out.Lenin wanted continued revolution.His slogan of All power to the Soviets soon won over the workers leaders.Devasted by war time shortages,the people were attracted by the slogan of ‘Bread ,peace and Land’.But the provisional Government made two grave mistakes.First,it postponed a decision on the demand for the redistribution of land and the other was government decided to continue with the war.Frustrated peasent soldiers deserted their posts and joined those who had restored to land grabbing.

Takeover by the Bolshevik party under Lenin’s leadership

In Oct Lenin persuaded the Bolshevik central Committee to decide on immediate revolution.Trotsky prepared a detailed plan.On 7 November the key government buildings, including the winter palace,the prime minister’s headquarters,were sized by armed factory workers and revolutionary troops.On 8 November 1917 a new Communist government was in office in Russia.Its head this time was Lenin.The Bolshevik party was renamed the Russian Communist party.

Outcome of the Revolution

The Russian Communist party eliminated illiteracy and poverty in Russia within a record time.Russian industry and agriculture developed remarkably.Women were given equal rights, including rights to industries and banks were nationalised.Land was distributed to poor peasents.Lenin thought the most important factor for the fall of provisional Government was its failure to withdraw from world war.So Lenin immediately appeared for peace.unmindful of the harsh terms dicated by the central powers,Lenin opted for withdrawing from the war to concentrate on the formation of new government.In March 1918 the treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed.

Global Influence of the Russian Revolution

The revolution fired people’s imagination across the world.In many countries, communist parties were formed.The Russian Communist government encouraged the colonies to fight for their freedom.Debates over key issues,and reforms,social welfare, workers’ rights and gender equality started taking place in a global context.

Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq

The Tughlaq administration, also called as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty, was a Muslim line of Turkey which managed over the Delhi sultanate in medieval India. Its rule began in 1320 in Delhi. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the first ruler of this dynasty. Khusrau Khan, the last ruler of the Khilji administration was executed by Ghazni Malik. Slave dynasty was the one which mark the beginning of delhi sultanate.

He was intellectual of reasoning, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, calligraphy and physical sciences. He had good knowledge of various languages such as Turkish, Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic. The famous traveller Ibn Battuta visited India during his reign.  He was a liberal king who believed in equality. He gave freedom to Hindu as well as Jains.

Reforms- Taxation in the Doab: The Sultan made a stupid budgetary examination in the Doab between the Ganges and Jamuna. He expanded the rate of duty as well as restored and made some extra Abwabs or cessess, Transfer of Capital (1327): It seems that the Sultan needed to make Deogir as his second capital so that he may have the capacity to control south India better. Deogir was renamed Daulatabad. After two or three years, Muhammad Tughlaq chose to forsake Daulatabad basically on the grounds that he soon found out that he couldn’t control south India from Delhi and he couldn’t control north from Daulatabad, Introduction of Token Currency(1330): Muhammad Tughlaq chose to present bronze coins, which were to have the same worth as the silver coins. Muhammad Tughlaq may have been effective in the approach if he could keep individuals from moulding the new coins, Khurasan Expedition: The Sultan had a dream of widespread victory. He chose to win Khurasan and Iraq and activated a gigantic armed force for the reason. Be that as it may, his campaign demonstrated a disappointment, Quarachi Expedition: This campaign was propelled to counter Chinese attacks. It likewise gives the idea that the campaign was coordinated against some headstrong tribes in Kumaon-Garhwal district with the objective of bringing them under Delhi Sultanate.

He died in Thatta while battling in Sindh against Taghi, a Turkish slave.

Balance diet

What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet gives your body the nutrients it needs to function correctly. To get the nutrition you need, most of your daily calories should come from:

fresh fruits
fresh vegetables
whole grains
legumes
nuts
lean proteins

Balance diet

What to eat for a balanced diet
A healthy, balanced diet will usually include the following nutrients:

vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants
carbohydrates, including starches and fiber
protein
healthy fats

balanced diet will include a variety of foods from the following groups:

fruits
vegetables
grains
dairy
protein foods
Examples of protein foods include meat, eggs, fish, beans, nuts, and legumes.

Food groups in your diet
eat at least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day (see 5 A Day)
base meals on higher fibre starchy foods like potatoes, bread, rice or pasta.
have some dairy or dairy alternatives (such as soya drinks)
eat some beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat and other protein.

COPA América

Copa América, known until 1975 as the South American Football Championship, is the main men’s football tournament contested among national teams from south america. It is the oldest still-running international football competition, as well as the third most watched in the world.The competition determines the champions of South America. Since the 1990s, teams from North America and Asia have also been invited to compete.

The 2021 Copa América was the 47th edition of the Copa america, the international men’s football championship organised by South America’s football ruling body CONMEBOL. The tournament took place in Brazil from 13 June to 10 July 2021. The tournament was originally scheduled to take place from 12 June to 12 July 2020 in Argentina and Colombia as the 2020 Copa América. On 17 March 2020, CONMEBOL announced that due to the COVID-19 the tournament had been postponed for a year, in conjunction with UEFA’s decision to also postpon to 2021.

Hosts Brazil were the title holders, having won their ninth title in 2019, which they also hosted. Argentina won their fifteenth title after defeating Brazil 1–0 in the final, their first senior title since the 1993 of the same tournament. They also equalled Uruguay’s overall record of Copa América titles.

The trophy was Messi’s first with Argentina after a string of painful, agonizing, maddening failures, including perhaps the most demoralizing defeat of his career — against Germany in the World Cup final — inside the same stadium, Rio’s hulking Maracanã, in 2014.

When the whistle blew to end the final, Messi — his relief palpable — dropped to his knees and was immediately surrounded by his teammates. Moments later, they were lifting him above their shoulders and tossing him in the air.

Little about Jesus Christ.

The cross- symbol of God’s love to people.

Jesus Christ is the central figure of Christianity. He was born at Bethlehem; Judea in Roman empire in 4-6 B.C and his mother was Mary. The Christians traditionally believe that Jesus was born of a virgin, performed miracles and founded an independent religious movement. The majority of Christians worship Jesus as the incarnation of son of god, one of three divine persons of a trinity. A few Christian groups, however, reject trinitarianism, partly or wholly, taking it to be non- scriptural. The principal sources of information regarding Jesus are the four canonical gospels, and most critical scholars find them useful for reconstruction the life and teachings of Jesus. Some scholars believe apocryphal texts such as the gospel of Thomas and the gospel of Hebrews are also relevant.

Later on, the Bible has been divided into two parts- the Old Testament (before Christ) and the New Testament, containing the life of Jesus and principles of Christianity. In Islam, Jesus (transliterated in Arabic as Isa) is considered one of God’s prophets, and the product of a virgin birth; but do not believe that he was God incarnate.

Most of the historians agree that Jesus was a Jew regarded as a preacher and healer, and was crucified between the age of 33-36yrs in Jerusalem on the orders of the Roman Prefect of Judaea, Pontius Pilate, on charge of sedition against the Roman Empire. His date of death was 30-33 A.D.

Population explosion and its problems

population is a very serious and underrated issue in todays life. Its need to be considered and handled as soon as possible. the population of whole world is estimated around 7.5 billion, which is a huge number.it has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Photo by Oscar Chan on Pexels.com

the biggest problem we are facing is population explosion. Population explosion is sudden or sharp increase in number of people in an area . due to which we face lot of problems such as poverty, unemployment migration of people from rural to urban areas due to less facilities, shortage of food items, low standard of living and many other effects.

causes of population explosion

There are many causes of population explosion some of them are listed below:-

  1. The most important reason of the huge population explosion is Birth rate. The rate of birth rate is very high.it is due to many reasons such as lack of awareness and knowledge among people .especially in our country India .The rate of birth rate is very very high and some of the main reason is people are very fond of having a male child ,joint families ,infant mortality rate and many other reasons.

2. Falling death rate of human beings is also a big reason of such increase in population . Medical sciences have discovered many medicines (vaccines and antibiotics) and treatments through which human life has been increased significantly.

3.Poverty in developed countries is one of the reasons of population explosion.it is because it is considered that having more children means an extra chance of earning more when he/she will be grown up.

These are few causes of popuation explosion.

Problems due to population explosion

This sudden increase in population will definitely have some serious issues, some of them are:-

1 .More increase in population will result in more demand of food, healthcare, water, transportations housing and many other things. that will be impossible at one point if we will not do something to stop it.

2. The more population will result into more violence and conflicts in different parts of world.

3. Deforestation:- we all are aware of the term deforestation population is increasing day by day we need more land or area to live and it can only be accompished by cutting trees (forests).due to which our ability to take carbon dioxide decreases. Due to deforestation, wild animals and species are also suffering .

4.global warming :it is due to the burning of greenhouse gases. As population is increasing ,fossil fuels have a large impact in industrial societies when these fossil fuels (coal ,gas and oil) are burned they give carbon dioxide in huge amount and other greenhouse gases such as methane, carbon monoxide etc, which also leads to depletion of fossil fuels.

these are some few problems associated with population explosion which are creating a lot of problem for human beings.

Actions that can be applied to solve this problem

According to united nation, the population of world will be 10.8 billion by 2100.This is a very huge number and we do not know whether we will be able to tackle that difficulties in future.

strategies should be made to control population explosion that should include making public realize about consequences of overpopulation like it will decrease the quantities of basic needs of life .Employment rate should be increased as much as possible, family planning should be made, medical facility should be good in developing nations and there are many other measures that can be taken to control population explosion.