• More than 77 different ethnic groups – own distinct languages within Ethiopia.
• Africa’s oldest independent country.
• Second largest in terms of population.
Political structure
• Federal republic under the 1994 constitution. Prime minister – Head of government Titular president – Head of state.
• Bicameral legislature – House of Peoples Representative & House of the Federation.
• Prime minister – Designated by the ruling party in the House of Peoples’ Representatives.
• Nominates candidate for the presidency and subjected to a vote by both legislative houses.
Local government
• Structure – allows the country’s ten regions a significant amount of autonomy.
• Regional state – Headed by a president elected by the state council
• Cities – headed by a chairman.
• Regions – own parliaments, security forces and the right to a referendum for independent rule.
Ethiopia’s Tigray crisis
• Issue – Conflict between PM Abiy Ahmed’s party and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front is escalating.
• Conflict – Traced back to the time when Abiy Ahmed – the prime minister came to power in 2018.
Tigray region Wealthier than other parts of the country, It has got a well-trained army.
• Tigray People’s Liberation Front – fighting for the autonomy of Tigray and reconstitution of Ethiopia on the basis of ethnically autonomous regions. Its Authority considerably reduced since Abiy took office. • Ongoing conflict – 2 different political ideologies for supremacy and control in the country.
• Tigray held local elections.
• PM ordered troops to counter a Tigray rebel attack on federal army barracks. Result – Killing of several civilians.
• United Nations and Amnesty International – Accused Ethiopia of war crimes, ethnic cleansing and the resort to rape and hunger as weapons of war.
Human Trafficking is a major issue in India and Worldwide. Though, it has been there for ages, the reason for the need of immediate attention is the COVID – 19 Pandemic. The pandemic bought about various social and economicalchanges in India giving rise to human trafficking cases. The lockdown raised higher level of unemployment amongst daily wage earners. This further lead to effecting the economic background of such families, especially in the rural areas. Having no other source of income lead to desperation in people which made them promote human trafficking by sellingtheir children, making them beg for money and sending their children for child labour. Moreover, the closureofschools increased human trafficking cases as there was no source of education for children. This gave the families and opportunity to use the children economically for labour and wed their girl child at an early age to save the future expenses. Absence of schools further increased the burden on families as many rural schools provided mid-day meal to their students. Absence of which made the children a further burden on the families and an additional stomach to feed. This made them give their children away in a hope for a better future for them and food for their children.
Along with such cases, many organ removal cases in the name of covid cases were found. Many physically fit people with weak financial backgrounds were falsely shown positive for corona virus and later declared dead because of the same. It was found that many traffickers removed organs from such bodies and declared them dead. Hence, this issue is important in the current times and require more attention than ever.
Yes, it’s difficult to step outside and help in this uncertain times but we individuals can start from our homes. The family domestic help, house help, workers, etc belong to rural and economically weak family backgrounds. Hence, talking to them and knowing about their lives can help us get a clear picture of their situation. We can educate them andspread awareness about the wrongs that they might be exposed to. This knowledge might help them be aware and spread the words to different people in their families and neighbourhood, that in turn might create a huge impact on the society as a whole.
Many a times people give into such situations where they willingly promote human trafficking, out of desperation and helplessness. As in case of a daily wage worker who has no other means to support his family economically might sell his child to survive. Hence, it is important to make them aware about various other way where they might get financial help without getting trapped into such rackets. There are government supports yojanas and schemes where they help such people, but in order to get help it is important to know about the availability of that help and that can only be done through awareness. It may not change the entire world scenario but one step by every citizen might make a huge impact altogether.
The World Trade Organisation is the successor of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades (GATT ). The WTO Agreement is the Uruguay Round agreement where the original GATT is now part of the WTO Agreement which came into force from January 1,1995.
WTO is a multilateral organisation .It has its headquarter in Geneva , Switzerland. It is the central body that facilitates global trade .
It is the only international organization that deals with global rules of trade between nations. It provides a framework for conduct of international trade in goods and services.
The fundamental objective of the rule-based system of international trade under the WTO is to ensure that international markets remain open and their access is not disrupted by the sudden and arbitrary imposition of import restrictions.
It lays down the rights and obligations of governments in the set of multilateral agreements. It also covers a wide range of issues related to international trade, such as protection of intellectual property rights and dispute settlement, and prescribes disciplines for governments in formulation of rules, procedures, and practices in these areas.
Structure of WTO
The structure of WTO is headed by the Ministerial Conference composed of representatives of all members which meet at least once every two years. It carries out the functions of the WTO and takes actions necessary to this effect .
The Ministerial Conference is the supreme authority of the WTO . The Ministerial Conference operations by different authority bodies.
General Council composed of representatives of all members to oversee the operation of the WTO Agreement and ministerial decisions on a regular basis. It also acts as a Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) and a trade policy review body (TPRB) ,each having its own Chairman.
The Director General , who is the secretariat head of WTO . The Ministerial Conference appoints the Director General and sets out his power duties , conditions of services and term of office. The Director General appoints the members of Staff of the Secretariat and determines their duties in accordance with the regulations adopted by the Ministerial Conference.
Non-discrimination Reciprocity Binding and enforceable commitments Transparency Safety values
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Objectives
The Preamble of the organisation , The Agreement establishing the WTO lays down the following objectives :-
• It’s relation in the field and economic endeavour shall be conducted with a view to raising standards of living , ensuring full employment and large and steadily growing volume of real income and effective demand and expanding the production and trade in goods and services.
• To allow for the optional use of the world’s resources in accordance with the objectives of sustainable development , to protect the environment and to enhance the means for doing so in a manner consistent with respective needs and concerns at different levels of economic development.
• To make positive efforts designed to ensure that developing countries , especially the least developed among them , secure a share in the growth in international trade commensurate with the needs of their economic development.
• To achieve these objectives by entering into reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed towards substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade and the elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations.
• To develop an integrated , more viable and durable multilateral trading system encompassing the GATT , the results of past liberalisation efforts and all the results of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations .
• To ensure linkages between trade policies , environment policies and sustainable development.
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Functions :-
The main functions of WTO are :-
1. To facilitate implementation, administration and operations of the objectives of the Agreement and of the Ministerial Trade Agreement.
2. To provide the forum for negotiations among its members concerning their multilateral trade relations , in matters relating to the agreements .
3. To provide a framework for implementation, administration and operation of multilateral and bilateral agreements of world trade.
4. To administer the understanding of rules and Procedures governing the Settlement of dispute .
5. To ensure the optimum use of world resources.
6. To assist international organizations such as, IMF and IBRD for establishing coherence in Universal Economic Policy determination.
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WTO Agreements
The Agreement establishing WTO consists of the following :-
1: Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods :
The general agreement on trade in goods defines the GATT 1994 and includes various agreements dealing with Different aspects related to trade in goods.
• GATT Rules 1994 ,•Agreement on Agriculture •Agreement on Textiles and Clothing •Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade • Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Investment Measures ( TRIMs) • Agreement on Anti – Dumping
2: General Agreement on Trade in Services .
This agreement covers all Internationally traded services .It also sets out special conditions relating to individual sectors .
In financial services , it establishes the right of governments to take appropriate measures for the protection of investors , depositors and policy holders to ensure integrity and stability of the financial system.
In telecommunications ,the Agreement requires a Member to establish , construct , acquires ,lease , operate or supply telecommunications transport networks and services and make it available to the public
The GATS also contains consultations and dispute settlement and the establishment of a Council on Services.
3: Agreement on Trade – Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right ( TRIPs) .
The TRIPs covers seven categories of intellectual property –
This agreement refers to controls of anti competitive practices for developed countries to bring their legislation and practices into conformity for the implementation of TRIPs.
4:. Understanding on Rules and Procedures governing the Settlement of Disputes.
This agreement applies to consultations and the settlement of disputes between Members concerning their rights and obligations under the provisions of the Agreement establishing the WTO . For this, a Dispute Settlement System was established .
5: Plurilateral Trade Agreement .
This agreement consists of the Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft , Agreement on Government Procurement , International Dairy Agreement and International Bovine Meat Agreement . The first Agreement was made at Geneva in April 1979, as subsequently modified , rectified or amended . The latter three Agreements were done at Marrakesh on April 15,1994.
6: Trade Policy Review Mechanism.
The TPRM aims to carry out reviews of the trade policies and practices under the Multilateral Trade Agreements and the Plurilateral Trade Agreements for the smoother functioning of the multilateral trading system.To operate this purpose , Trade Policy Review Body ( TPRB) was established. For better transparency each member reports regularly to the Trade Policy Review Body about the trade policies and practices pursued by it .
Entrepreneurship is the ability to develop, organize and run a business enterprise, along with any of its uncertainties in order to make a profit. Entrepreneurship is basically the act of creating a business or businesses while building and scaling it to generate a profit. It’s about building a life on your own terms. No bosses. No restricting schedules. And no one holding you back. Entrepreneurship development is a process of developing certain skills in an individual which are required to make him/her a successful entrepreneur. The success of an entrepreneur can be judged by success of his project or business. Finding a way to sell oneself before anyone believes in one or ones business, being able to explain and prove why their product or service is worth the price or investment, knowing when something is valuable, even if no one else does etc. are some of the features a successful entrepreneur possess. Big successful companies like Microsoft, Google, Apple etc. have all attained the status they have now because of their respective entrepreneurs. Success of such start-ups not only benefits the people associated with it but also the economy as a whole. It slowly changes the world. Off course not every start up is a massive hit, some might be pretty mediocre and some might even do more losses than gains but nevertheless in the contemporary world, the need and urge for entrepreneurship development has drastically increased. There are certain characteristics which are observed in entrepreneurs who write big success stories. These characteristics are a prerequisite for becoming a successful entrepreneur. The first and foremost skill is creativity. It means thinking out of the box. Coming up with new ideas, being open to new methodologies, creating something new etc. are some examples of being creative. Creativity gives birth to Originality. Risk taking is another characteristic of a successful entrepreneur. Without the will to explore the unknown, one cannot discover something unique. Risk-taking involves a lot of things. Using unorthodox methods is also a risk. Investing in ideas, nobody else believes in but you is a risk too. Good entrepreneurs are always ready to invest their time and money. But, they always have a backup for every risk they take. Planning is another characteristic and probably the most important one. They say “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.” Planning is strategizing the whole thing ahead of time. It basically sums up all the resources at hand and enables one to come up with a structure and a thought process for how to reach ones goal. It involves how to make optimum use of these resources. Facing a situation or a crisis with a plan is always better. It provides guidelines with minimum to no damage incurred to a business. Other characteristics include passion for the work or business one choose to do, professionalism in the way the work is done, knowledge of the field of work or business, social skills including relationship building. An entrepreneur must be open minded towards learning, people and even failures.
China is globally known for its extreme air pollution levels. Causes include the country’s population, being the biggest in the world, and China’s “economic boom,” being the fastest among major nations in the past few decades. While urbanisation has led to a surge in wealth, it means that the people are deprived of basic health security. Effects include lower birth rates, 411,00 premature deaths, and higher adult mortality from respiratory related diseases; in fact, lung cancer rates have risen by 60% in the past 10 years despite no change in smoking rates.
Action taken:
Over the years, the Chinese government has taken a series of steps to battle air pollution. This includes the ban of new coal-fired power plants and the closing down of many old ones, as chemicals released like sulphur dioxide account for 33% of China’s total national emissions. Iron and steel production have been limited and many coal mines have been shut, meaning the government favoured health over the economy in this situation. Moreover, large cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen have limited the number of vehicles on the road and introduced electric buses. According to earth.org, the country planted more than 35 billion trees and with investments of an estimated $100 billion in such programmes, “China’s forestry expenditure per hectare exceeded that of the US and Europe and became three times higher than the global average.”
Furthermore, two major action plans have been established. The first was in 2013, helping cities to make improvements in air quality; by 2017, levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) dropped by 33% in Beijing. While this is a great change, cities failed in meeting WHO’s recommended PM2.5 levels; this resulted in a new, three-year, action plan, applying to the entire nation this time. Because of such steps taken for public safety, research suggests “the average citizen can now expect to live 2.4 years longer on average if the declines in air pollution persist.”
Italy star Giorgio Chiellini has claimed that he put a “curse” on Bukayo Saka before the England teenager’s decisive penalty miss in Sunday’s Euro 2020 final.
Saka saw his spot kick saved by Gianluigi Donnarumma, handing Italy the European title after the two teams drew 1-1 over 120 minutes.
The Italy defender shouted the word just before the England teenager saw his spot kick saved by Gianluigi Donnarumma
Just before Saka took the kick, Chiellini screamed “Kiricocho!” – a word that’s been used by footballers for decades to impart bad luck on the opposition.
The social services and those workers included in performing the social services during the time of pandemic are really essential and appreciatable! They build on their own existing strong ties towards the children, families and communities to rapidly respond in ways that are effective! But we know their safety also more important! The social workers […]
Pretty much everybody thinks about the famous hand to hand fighting, like Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Kung Fu and Tai Chi… a few group have even pondered evaluating a class. But have you at any point really done it? Do you require an explanation?
Pretty much everybody has contemplated taking up a military workmanship sooner or later on schedule. Perhaps as another approach to remain fit as a fiddle. Perhaps as a way to shield yourself from the school menace. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of reasons why individuals decide to take up a craftsmanship, however I need to require one moment to layout what I feel are the main motivations to basically attempt a military workmanship. Possibly it’s for yourself, perhaps it’s for your youngsters… whatever the explanation, all hand to hand fighting contain a remarkable abundance of information and order that you can’t go anyplace else. My expectation is that this article will rouse you to escape your seat and into a school to perceive what’s genuinely going on with combative techniques.
Fearlessness
As you train in hand to hand fighting, you will see a ton if enhancements, like your constitution, balance, mindfulness, adaptability, and numerous other physical and mental qualities. Hand to hand fighting will show you how to consolidate these capacities and use them to prevail in rivalries, achieving higher belts, building companionships and securing yourself if essential. The more you can do, the more sure you will be.
Self Preservation
Perhaps the most widely recognized motivations to examine hand to hand fighting is to figure out how to protect one’s self. Various schools may commit class time or potentially offer a planned class that stringently goes over self protection strategies. Additionally, contingent upon the MA style or school, self protection can be a huge piece of the educational plan, which can be gainful to those intrigued by “material expressions” (expressions you can use in regular day to day existence) rather than “customary expressions”.
Self-restraint
Webster characterizes self-restraint as the “remedy or guideline of oneself for development”. Regardless of whether it be attempting to make a secondary school group or fulfilling organization time constraints, when you get familiar with the center important to prevail in Martial Arts you can apply it to the remainder of your life. Achievement is mental, and Martial Arts will show you the self-control important to prevail at anything you set your attention to.
Coordination
Combative techniques requires a great deal of hand, foot, eye, and mental coordination, however the entirety of this is created over the long run. On the off chance that you see yourself as a clumsy individual, preparing in the combative techniques will assist you with developing those abilities. You’ll be stunned what your body can do! Regardless of whether you are a characteristic competitor, remaining on one foot, while kicking with the other, and impeding with your hands is very troublesome and includes coordination.
Wellness
Combative techniques doesn’t need to zero in just on battling or self preservation as certain styles depend more on wellness. Tae Bo and Tai Chi are two instances of this. In any case, those with an interest in the battling and self-preservation parts of Martial expressions will discover their wellness levels quicly expanding as preparing creates different muscle gatherings, yet adaptability and equilibrium too. One’s degree of wellness can be similarly as significant in dominating a game as one’s abilities and capacities.
Family Enjoyment
The vast majority don’t realize that this is an incredible method to hang out with your family! Some military workmanship schools permit families to prepare together and others separate classes by age gatherings. Despite how classes are isolated, families wind up partaking in the time spent together. It’s anything but incredible having a family all test together for different positions and dark belts.
Meet New People – Martial Arts is for everybody…
Numerous military workmanship schools structure their classes into three age gatherings: Kids – typically going from around 5 to 11 years of age, Teens – 12 to around 16 or 17, and Adults – for the most part begins at 18, yet a few schools make special cases when fundamental. A few schools likewise offer a “Little Dragons” program equipped towards the 4 – 6 year old group. Age bunches are then separated into belt positions permitting you to prepare with individuals that are somewhat of equivalent abilities and age. As a rule individuals who start combative techniques together will foster a holding companionship and even obtain in their dark belts simultaneously on the grounds that they pushed each other during their tuff times.
The social services and those workers included in performing the social services during the time of pandemic are really essential and appreciatable! They build on their own existing strong ties towards the children, families and communities to rapidly respond in ways that are effective! But we know their safety also more important! The social workers are just like an angle to our society, including governmental and non-governmental workers, since they carry out the essential range of needs to common people at the toughest times!
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, in her budget speech in February 2021, said that the government plans to privatise two PSBs (Public Sector Banks). The government had already privatised 10 banks and merged them into 4. This time, Central Bank of India and Indian Overseas bank are reported to be the probable candidates. Presently, India has 22 private banks.
Many committees had suggested the lower government stake in PSBs below 51% like Narasimhan committee proposed 33% and P J Nayak committee suggested below 50%. RBI is currently working on these suggestions.
Why privatisation?
As compared to private banks, PSBs continue to have high non performing assets. And this situation get worsed after the pandemic as NPA ratio of all commercial banks may increased 13.5% by September 2021. Also government reforms have not been able to improve the financial position of PSBs significantly. Despite this, the government is trying to strengthen the strong banks and minimise the burden upon them.
What is privatisation?
The transfer of publicly owned or operated organisations to private ownership or operation. It is introduced as a way of enhancing effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation and apart from that reducing the burden on government. Those enterprises running privately are subject to the discipline of the market and hence proved efficient. It also maximizes public interest and welfare.
What are the pros and cons of privatisation? Pros- • It expand the efficiency of bank and provides better services to its customers. • Ensures compliance and risk mitigation. • Continuously upgrading services to keep up with changing market trends. • Reinventing the way of working to attract customers and ensuring superior quality of services. • Reducing burden on the government. Follows stringent norms for loans and dealing with frauds. • Less government interference and function independently. • Profitable and convert loss making ventures into profitable businesses.
Cons- • PSBs cater to all sections of society whereas Private sector banks target mostly the upper strata of society, adversly affecting the poorer sections of society. • Choose to operate only in urban areas where the profit is high unlike PSBs, which emphasis on all and provide modern facilities even in non-profitable areas. • Income variability that may trigger protest around the country. • Due to minimum presence of government in banking sector, private sector banks arbitarily take actions on government welfare schemes.
Privatisation looks like solution for all the problems in banking sector, which is not exactly true. It is vital for banks to penetrate into each strata of society for the nation’s holistic growth. There should be a combination of efficiency and sense of service towards the nation. Only after which banks can develop and prosperity is secured.
YOGA has remain an integral part in the life of humans since thousands of years. The oldest work that gives information about yoga is Yoga sutras by Maharishi Patanjali. Maharishi Patanjali (200BC-150BC) gave every minute details about the classical yoga in this book. This book is considered as the foundation of classical yoga. It has been translated in more than 30 Indian languages.
MAHARISHI PATANJALI
But it was seen that in this modern world, the young generations are detached from Yoga practice and very less number of people clearly knows about how to practice different asanas in yoga, what are their health benefits and who should practice which types of asanas.
To preserve rich heritage of Yoga it was decided that from the year 2015, Yoga day will be celebrated every year on the 21st June because it is the longest day of the year scientifically.
ORIGIN OF YOGA DAY :-
In the year 2014, Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi addressed the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). In his addressing, he firstly gave the idea of celebrating 21st June of every year as Yoga Day.
OFFICIAL LOGO OF INTERNATIONAL YOGA DAY
This proposal was official brought in the UNGA later in the year 2014. As per the UN, 177 member countries gave their support on this proposal. After this, the UN officially declared 21st June of every year to celebrate Yoga Day.
The lines quoted from PM Modi’s speech at the UNGA is as under:-
“Yoga is an invaluable gift of India’s ancient tradition. It embodies unity of mind and body; thought and action; restraint and fulfillment; harmony between man and nature; a holistic approach to health and well-being. It is not about exercise but to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and the nature. By changing our lifestyle and creating consciousness, it can help in well being. Let us work towards adopting an International Yoga Day.” — Narendra Modi, UN General Assembly.
BENEFITS OF PRACTICING YOGA REGULARLY :-
Yoga builds the muscle strength who practice it daily. People can prevent themselves from diseases like arthritis by strengthening their bones and muscles.
Yoga improves the flexibility of muscles and prevent people from backbone and joints related problems.
Yoga increases the blood flow in the body. In this world when most of the work are done by machines, humans spent their time mostly sitting at one place. When their is less movement of body parts, the blood flow rate also decreases and it creates various diseases. Different Yoga asanas are proven effective to increase the blood flow in the body.
BENEFITS OF PRACTICING YOGA REGULARLY
Practicing Yoga daily improves the immune system by strengthening the stomach and other muscles used in digestion process.
Practicing Yoga improves the focus by strengthening the brain cells.
It calms the blood pressure and helps in getting a better sleep.
Many Yoga asanas are proven scientifically to improve the strength of lungs muscles and maintain better oxygen level in the body.
CELEBRATION OF YOGA DAY IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES :-
Every year Yoga Day is celebrated in many countries around the world with full dedication and enthusiasm. Large number of people gather at public places and practice Yoga together.
In the year 2020 and 2021 due to COVID-19 pandemic, all the programs on Yoga Day were held in virtual mode. For year 2021 official theme was – Yoga for Well-Being. Yoga has remedies to all major diseases including the current pandemic disease COVID-19. Yoga has been proven effective against COVID-19 also.
Real Madrid’s plan for the summer transfer window will focus on trying to get bodies out, Goal has learned, with any funds freed up by ‘Operation Exit’ allowing for long-standing interest in Paris Saint-Germain star Kylian Mbappe to be stepped up as the next deadline approaches.
The Blancos, who are famed for their ‘Galacticos’ approach to recruitment under Florentino Perez, have tightened their belts in recent years and have not invested a fee in anyone since signing Reinier in January 2020 – with David Alaba snapped up on a free this time around.
The Blancos are eager to get big wages off their books, with any funds raised set to go towards prising a World Cup winner away from PSG
The Liga giants intend to stick with that plan in 2021 and, with long-serving captain Sergio Ramos already departed at the end of his contract, the hope is that a squad which currently includes 29 players – with loan stars Borja Mayoral and Reinier not on that list – will be trimmed considerably over the coming weeks.
As the capital of Canada ‘Ottawa’ is known for its mind-blowing Victorian Architecture. Ottawa was once called ‘Bytown’, but its name was changed to Ottawa in 1854. Situated on the bank of the Ottawa river, there are various astonishing places to visit in Ottawa. If you are planning to visit Ottawa then you must not miss these mesmerizing places in Ottawa. Here are the TOP 10 PLACES TO VISIT IN OTTAWA, CANADA.
1. PARLIAMENT HILL
PARLIAMENT HILL
One of the best places to visit in Ottawa is Parliament Hill (Colline du Parlement). Along with being a good tourist attraction, it is also a workplace for the Canadian Government. This political monument was constructed between 1859 and 1876. Approximately 3 million visitors come to see Parliament Hill every year.
Parliament Hill basically constitutes 3 main blocks: East Block, West Block, and Centre Block. It is built in ancient Gothic-style architecture. You can have a breathtaking view of the city, and the Ottawa river as well, on the top of Parliament Hill. It is located at Wellington St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0A9, Canada.
2. RIDEAU CANAL
The second most astonishing place to visit in Ottawa, after Parliament Hillis Rideau Canal. This canal has a length of 200km, and a depth of 1.6m. This canal is located on Lake Ontario and connects Ottawa with Kingston. The most favorable time to visit this canal is in the season of winter, where the canal entirely freezes and people from all over the world come here for skating and celebrating.
It is undeniably the most memorable phase for any tourist. Rideau Canal’s epic urban skating rink is the biggest skating trail in the world. If you are a skating fan, then you must visit here once in your life. It is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
3. CANADIAN WAR MUSEUM
Canada War Museum (Musée Canadien de la Guerre), is yet another famous place to visit in Ottawa. This museum is a huge collection of the past Canadian Military, the museum constitutes over 3 million artifacts of the Canadian military which fought various battles in its past including World War I and World War II.
There are various military vehicles displayed in the museum such as tanks, jeeps, armored trucks, armored vehicles, motorcycles, etc. The most famous of them is Adolf Hitler’s bullet-proof Mercedes Benz limo, which is heavily modified with immense armor plating. It is located at 1 Vimy Pl, Ottawa, ON K1A 0M8, Canada.
4. NATIONAL GALLERY OF CANADA
The National Gallery of Canada (Musée des Beaux-Arts du Canada), is a perfect example of Modern-day architecture. The National Gallery of Canada constitutes the biggest collection of the past. The history of Canada is recorded in this national gallery since the 18th century, there are also certain artifacts that are even older than the 15th century. It is one of the biggest art museums in North America.
The Museum displays the Canadian art development from religious works to the Group of Seven. The museum also contains two fascinating courtyards and an amazing Rideau Street Convent Chapel. The entry to this National Gallery of Canada is absolutely free on Thursdays from 5-8 pm. It is located at 380 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1N 9N4, Canada.
5. CANADIAN MUSEUM OF NATURE
The Canadian Museum of Nature (Musée Canadien de la Nature), is yet another fascinating museum to visit. It displays the Canadian history of plants and animals from the era of Dinosaurs and even before to the modern-day era. The museum offers 3D movies, guided tours, exhibitions, and workshops for visitors.
The Canadian Museum of Nature is also the National Museum for Natural Science and History. Situated a few distances away from Parliament Hill, this museum was once the main headquarters of the Canadian government. It is located at 240 McLeod St, Ottawa, ON K2P 2R1, Canada.
6. NATIONAL WAR MEMORIAL
The National War Memorial (Monument Commémoratif de Guerre), is built with an aim to honor the Canadian Military Forces, who sacrificed their lives for their country in various wars. A very famous statue called Canada’s Tomb of Unknown Soldier has been built in the National War Memorial to honor the sacrifice of soldiers who served their country in World War I.
It is also among the Top Places to Visit In Ottawa, as rated by the tourists who come to Ottawa. It is located at Wellington St, Ottawa, ON K1P 5A4, Canada.
7. NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL BASILICA
NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL BASILICA
Situated adjacent to the National Gallery of Canada, Notre Dame Cathedral is an astonishing Catholic Basilica. It was built in 1846 and is the biggest and the oldest church still functioning in Ottawa. This church is an excellent specimen of Canadian religious art and culture. It is famous for its interior mahogany carvings by Philippe Parizeau.
It is also famous for the sculpture of apostles, prophets, and evangelists, crafted by Louis Philippe Hébert. It is located at 385 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1N 1J9, Canada.
8. CANADA AVIATION AND SPACE MUSEUM
Depicting the story from Canada’s first flight to the World Wars to this modern era, the Canadian Aviation and Space Museum, (Musée de l’Aviation et de l’Espace du Canada), is
situated at Rockcliffe Airport. It has a collection of more than 120 military, civilian, and transport aircraft.
The most famous among them is the replica of the famous Silver Dart, which made the first flight in Canada in the year 1909, and the famous Avro Arrow and the Lancaster bomber, which gave their services in World War II. It is located at 11 Aviation Parkway, Ottawa, Canada.
9. PEACE TOWER
PEACE TOWER
The Peace Tower (Tour de la Paix), is the highest point in Ottawa. It is situated at Parliament Hill. From here the breathtaking scenes of the Ottawa city, the Ottawa river, Rideau Canal, the Northern Hills, and the Gatineau can be seen. It is also called the ‘Tower of Victory and Peace.’
The entry to this Peace Tower is absolutely free but you will have to buy the tickets for the entry to Parliament Hill, as Peace Tower is situated in Parliament Hill. It is located at Wellington St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0A9, Canada.
10. ROYAL CANADIAN MINT
Once the Royal Canadian Mint (Monnaie Royale Canadienne), was manufactured mint, back in the year 1908. Now it is a manufacturing hub of hand-made coins and medallions. It also manufactures Olympic Medals. The tour of the Canadian Mint is very amazing, especially on the working days.
Therefore, these are the Top 10 must-go places to explore in Ottawa. I hope you enjoyed the article and made up your mind about visiting Ottawa. Believe me, there are more fascinating places to visit in Ottawa like Diefenbunker, Canada’s Cold War Museum,Canadian Tulip Festival, Byward Market, Dows Lake Pavilion, and many more ….
If you want more Places to Visit in Ottawa, then comment below, we will surely bring a detailed and more elaborated version of this. If you want a detailed blog on the Best Hotels to Stay in Ottawa, then let us know in the comment section below.
Are you planning to buy a smartphone or an Appliance or a TV? And you’re an Amazon Prime member then you should wait for a little. Amazon Prime Day sale is all set to go live this month on the 26th of July and it’ll conclude on the 27th of July.
Every year Amazon comes up with the Prime Day sale for its existing Prime members and attracts new subscribers. You’ll get great deals and offers on the categories including; Smartphones, Consumer Electronics, TVs, Appliances, Amazon devices, Furniture, Home & Kitchen. The good news is that Amazon is also offering discounts on Flagship devices like iPhone 12 and Oneplus 9.
Aside from discounts on smartphones, Amazon will also provide a 10% instant discount for HDFC cardholders. Buyers can also exchange their old phones for new phones. Amazon also disclosed that the Echo devices will be sold at discounts up to 50%. Amazon also has teased the smartphones that are getting discounts namely; iPhone 12 Pro, OnePlus Nord CE 5G, Redmi Note 10 Pro Max, Samsung Galaxy M51, iPhone 11,iQOO 7 legend, Redmi Note 10, and others.
Prime day sale is not the only perk of being a Prime member, you also get to enjoy free-fast delivery, Prime Video, ad-free music. exclusive deals and more. If you are not a Prime member of Amazon, you can be one today just by buying Prime membership according to monthly/yearly plans provided by Amazon.
Well if you are so impatient and want to buy an iPhone before the Prime day sale, then you should go for the Apple Days sale. Amazon has announced the Apple Days sale before the Prime Day sale. Apple Days sale will be live until the 17th of July. You can get various deals and discounts on the iPhone 12 series and iPhone 11, and more. You can get iPhone 12 for Rs 70,900 with a discount of Rs 9,000 and HDFC cardholders will get additional Rs 6,000 discount on HDFC credit card transactions.
Precious metals like silver, gold, and platinum are all used in medicine to aid treatments as diverse as wound healing and cancer therapies. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are small gold particles with a diameter of 1 to 100 nm which, once dispersed in water, are also known as colloidal gold.
Nanoparticles at a glance.
How did gold get to earth?
Gold, the shiny yellow metal prized for its beauty, malleability and used in many different industries, is actually created inside massive stars when they explode into a supernova. Here lies the history-
Gold, like most heavy metals, are forged inside stars through a process called nuclear fusion. In the beginning, following the Big Bang, only two elements were formed: hydrogen and helium. A few hundred million years after the Big Bang, the first stars were blazing away with their nuclear fires. These nuclear fires forced lighter elements together to make slightly heavier elements, and these nuclear reactions released a huge amount of energy.
Gradually, these early stars began making elements such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen — working their way up through the periodic table towards iron. But there was still no gold in the Universe. Once these earlier stars ran out of light elements to burn, they kicked in on the heavier ones.
Finally, as they burnt silicon to make iron, they exploded as a supernova, and for a few short moments, each star would release as much energy as all the regular stars in that galaxy put together. In that cataclysmic explosion, for the first time, atoms of gold were manufactured — and then hurled out into the Universe, along with the other debris from that explosion.
On Earth, gold finally reached us some 200 million years after the formation of the planet when meteorites packed with gold and other metals bombarded its surface. During the formation of Earth, molten iron sank to its centre to make the core. This took with it the vast majority of the planet’s precious metals — such as gold and platinum. In fact, there are enough precious metals in the core to cover the entire surface of Earth with a four-metre thick layer.
Cancer treatment
Colloidal gold, the suspension of gold nanoparticles in liquid, has been used for hundreds of years, from staining glass in the Middle Ages to early experiments with photography in the Victorian era. But it was only 160 years ago that gold nanoparticles were given any serious scientific examination, when scientist Michael Faraday created the first pure sample of colloidal gold in his basement laboratory at the Royal Institute in London. Faraday’s early experiments were forays into what would ultimately become the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
“Scientists have pioneered a revolutionary approach in the use of gold nanoparticles that could lead to the development of a new generation of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.”
Targeted drug delivery is better than conventional drug therapy because these drugs target the main effected area, so it minimizes the side effects caused..
Gold nanoparticles have the ability of bio-imaging of the effected cancerous cells for therapy. Cancer DNA has a special 3D structure that has an affinity for gold, according to one study, and nanoparticles change color when that DNA is present. Simple, fast tests could detect cancer in 10 minutes.
Gold nanoparticles have unique physical, chemical properties and strong binding attraction for thiols, proteins, carboxylic acid and disulfides, so they have been extensively used in drug delivery for cancer therapy.
Alzheimer’s-
Illnesses associated with ageing are under the microscope too. Scientists are using gold nanoparticles to see the knot-like structures in the brain that cause Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. By labelling these structures–called amyloid fibrils–with gold they can see the knots more clearly and identify their weak spots for treatment.
Another global health problem shows promise for gold use in medicine. Tropical disease malaria, transmitted by mosquitoes, infected 219 million people in 2017 and killed 435,000. Nanoparticles used in rapid diagnostic tests are cheap to use, can give results in 15 minutes, and help doctors target treatment for malaria where it is most needed.
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Immunity
Immunotherapists are also harnessing the special properties of spherical nanoparticles to deliver a boost to the body’s immune system. Polymer-coated spheres of gold interact with B lymphocyte immune cells and can deliver drugs or vaccine to where it is most needed. In this way they hope to treat hard-to-reach brain tumors.
Going forward there is exciting potential for nanoparticles to help combat HIV and blood diseases. Medics use the gene editing tool CRISPR to deliver new genetic information to cells, but current methods can damage or even kill cells. Gold nanoparticles mounted with CRISPR can quickly cross the cell membrane into the nucleus to edit genes.
Thankfully, even though gold is a rare commodity compared to other metals, in microscopic quantities it can improve our lives immeasurably. Nanoparticles measuring billionths of a meter are used as tiny detectors to develop the most sensitive chemical tests.
Eduindex 
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