Day: July 11, 2020

Who delivers the Amazon cardboard boxes???

Cardboard boxes that have been used for generations and thrived in the age of e-commerce continue to flourish or could the cardboard box be facing a new challenger? Cardboard boxes are a very big deal within the U.S. The United States is the Saudi Arabia of trees. Someone’s going to make the first box and that’s almost inevitably a mill generally in the Southeast United States. China certainly doesn’t have trees and India the extent they do have trees they’re not necessarily the right types of trees and shouldn’t be dedicated towards making boxes for us. The box business grew rapidly up through 1999 when the U.S. coordinated box market had its peak shipment. Starting in the early 2000s the U.S. corrugated box market faced multiple economic obstacles.

The great recession dragged on box demand and even after the recession demand continued to slow for commodity like soda and for the boxes that transport them. The move to digital devices also coincided with a drop in demand for copy paper and newsprint. But box makers found a grace in e-commerce sales and Amazon sale specifically which were growing at mostly integer rates within the recession and post-recession years. Those e-commerce sales have become a significant market for the containerboard industry. In 2018 told a U.S. e-commerce sales were estimated to be $512 billion almost 50 percent higher than in 2015. Amazon captured 48 percent of those sales. Most estimates are that e-commerce accounts for about 10 percent of the U.S. box market. Amazon accounts for close to 5 percent of U.S. box demand. By our estimates they are clearly the single largest box user in the US. International Paper with a third of the market I think does closer to 50 percent of all the amazon boxes evidently they got a bit more share than perhaps some of the smaller players.

Amazon's incredible, vanishing cardboard box - CNN

Amazon said they deal with most of the big box makers across the U.S. according to analysts. Those manufacturers include International Paper, WestRock, Packaging Corporation of America and Georgia-Pacific. Some investors were turning to these companies as a way to invest in the e-commerce giant without having to purchase Amazon’s pricey stock. People didn’t really start talking about buying International Paper or WestRock as a secondary investment in Amazon till about the last five years. Despite the boost from e-commerce sales the box business still isn’t growing all that much. And since 2018 their stocks have mostly underperformed the S&P 500. In 2018, 69 percent of International Papers total revenue came from the box business and that sales volume has been mostly flat for the past five years. Although the big producers sold less boxes in 2018 than in 2000, industry consolidation has dramatically narrowed the fields.

The handful of big players remaining are based in Memphis, Tennessee, Atlanta, Georgia and Lake Forest, Illinois. Analysts have told CNBC that substantial industry mergers have made it easier to collectively hike prices and those price increases have helped drive revenue. There are portions of the business that are in indisputable secular decline but if you’re in the brown part of the business, making these boxes, that’s been some very welcome growth. But those extra boxes piling up on people’s doorsteps have led to a backlash from disgruntled customers who are sick of receiving golf ball sized products in supersized boxes. It used to be that you’d order a toothbrush and it would come in three giant boxes and you’d say to yourself, what is this? Well, Amazon is trying to rectify that by using fewer boxes and using other types of packaging where appropriate. With e-commerce packaging underfire Amazon decided to change the way they do shipping. In 2008, Amazon introduced the Frustration Free Packaging program. It aims to reduce the extra packaging created when retail packaged products are placed inside Amazon boxes to be shipped. Instead, products certified in the program that are roughly the size of a blender or larger need to be packaged in their own ready to ship boxes. And those boxes also need to be made of 100 percent recyclable materials. For customers that means that the packaging is easy to recycle and the box is easy to open without all the excess packaging materials.

Use That Pile of Empty Amazon Boxes to Do Something Wonderful ...

Amazon offered vendors an incentive of a dollar per shipment to modify their packaging. And starting August 1st 2019 Amazon is charging a $1.99 penalty for each product shipped that needs to be reboxed. And basically the point of this deadline is for Amazon to get out of the business of packaging. They want their vendors to send them boxes that Amazon doesn’t have to touch or rebox. Over the last two years we have invented two different kinds of flexible mailers. One is the blue and white all plastic mailer. We’ve recently launched in the last six, eight months a paper padded mailer that’s actually fully recyclable with the paper stream. Amazon said they made about 10 million shipments using the paper padded mailer and depending on the month the plastic mailer is used about 20 to 30 percent of the time. So really when we come down to deciding if the product is of the size it can go on a mailer, it’s not likely to be damaged by going in the mailer, the mailer is always the better fitting option and frankly is easier for the customer to choose to recycle than breaking down a corrugate box. We’re driving in that direction for many different reasons. But those plastic mailers generally are not accepted in municipal recycling programs and you’ll need to bring them to a store that accepts plastic bags. The latest stats from the EPA show that corrugated boxes were recycled at a rate of 92 percent in 2015 while plastic bags, sacks and wraps were recycled at a rate of 13 percent in 2015.

AMAZON E-COMMERCE SELLERS, IT'S TIME TO REVIEW YOUR ADVERTISING ...

When you think about what is the greatest pain point for the consumer after having it get there safely arrive on time people are concerned about receiving something that is plastic or made a poly because of the environmental concerns. Some waste management companies say plastic packaging also causes problems for the recycling systems. Plastic mailers get caught in the recycling machinery slowing down the process and raising the costs for recyclers and sometimes contaminating entire bundles. Until Scotty on the Enterprise can beam the products from the warehouse to your living room I think Amazon’s going to be good for the corrugated business. I think there’s going to be noise I think you’re going to have challenges from time to time where people say, “Should we try and the plastic pouch?”, in the long run plastic is going to be on the wrong side of history. Because Amazon is a market leader in the U.S. e-commerce sector any move away from cardboard to plastic mailers could signal a shift for the entire industry. The corrugated box could be about to undergo a major facelift. We’re seeing some major trends among consumers and what they’re expecting from e-commerce and the first one is actually this desire for increased engagement with the package. In 2015, Amazon partnered with Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment to ship orders in bright yellow delivery boxes featuring cartoon characters from the movie Minions. The boxes promoting the movie and a special Amazon U.R.L. dedicated to shopping for merchandise from the film.

Beware of credit card fraud

  A HARASH REALITY OF DIGITAL AGE
Credit card fraud is a wide -ranging term for theft and fraud committed by using a credit card or any similar payment mechanism as a fraudulent source of funds in a transaction. The purpose may be to obtain goods without paying or to obtain unauthorised funds from an Account.
The credit card fraud  occurs when a thief uses your credit card to make purchases. More serious is when someone uses your information to open accounts or take loans in your name. That’s why  you need to fight to get your credit restored and  your name cleared an arduous process that can take months or years to complete.

HOW DOES CREDIT CARD FRAUD HAPPENS?
 well,the fraud begins with either the theft of the physical card or the compromise of data associated with the account like  number of card or other information which is necessary for a merchant during legitimate transaction. The compromise can occur by many routes, even tripping off the card holder,the merchant or the issuer. The fraudulent might go through the trash to find the discarded billing statements and then use your account information to buy. A retail or bank website may be hacked and your card number stolen. A waiter takes a photo of your credit card and uses your account to buy create another account or may be you get a call offering a free tip or discounted travel package. But to be eligible you have to join a club and give your account number , to gurantee your place. The next thing you know, charges you didn’t make are on your bill and the trip promoters who called you are nowhere to found. So you are trapped.
 
CREDIT CARD FRAUDS’s categories
.Application fraud- unauthorised opening of credit card account in another person’s name for this enough personal information to be known for filling up the application
.Account takeover-criminal hijacking of an existing credit card account, personal inform about a victim to change the account’s billing address.
.skimming- Let me inform it is a small electronic device.Theft of credit card information used in an otherwise legitimate transaction. It can occur at restaurants , bars, call centres, gas stations.
 Technological advances have also created avenues for credit card fraud with online purchasing now common , perpetrators need no physical card to make an unauthoried purchase.
  • In INDIA occured
An unidentified person allegely stolen personal information of 13 credit card holders of a multinational Bank and withdrew cash of Rs 3,73 lakh through on line  transaction. The cyber cell of pune registered this.
 Again central crime branch sleuths arrested five persons for cheating  several persons of their credit cards and then buying articles worth Rs 1.80 lakhwith the card. The arrested people were later remanded in judicial custody.
         Several such incidents .
 PREVENTATIVE MEASURES AS EVERY PROBLEM     HAS SOLUTION 
1. As we all are engaged in online shopping.  we need to clear our logins and passwords and change monthly.
2. Be alert in which banks or businesses to obtain personal information which they use to access your accounts… check their websites.
3. Record the credit card account,expiration date,security code and toll free phone numberon safety in a free proof lock box 
4. Kindly dont give your account number to anyone on the phone unless you have made the call to a company you know to be reputable.
5. Carry your cards seperately from wallet.
6.check accounts regularly so that you know when something is away. Call credit card issuer immediately if any erroneous charge seen.
7. Don’t forget to take your paper receipt with you after eating or shopping.
 8.LIFELOCK and TRUSTED LD that market themselves as identity theft protection experts.you purchase the services of a dedicated identity theft protection firm or one of the products offered by your bank or insurer sign up for any free alerts that let you know of any credit card  activity that is out of the ordinary.
9. Report lost cards immediately.
 
By card issuer ,strong authentication measures can be used . multi-factor authentication to verify that the account is being accessed by the cardholders through requirements of additional information like account number ,pin etc. Out of band aunthentiaction to verify the transaction is being done by the cardholder through a known or trusted communicationchannel such as text message, phone call etc.
By merchants , pan transaction ,tokenization ,pin ,zip code etc to be used to avoid this.
LAW– 
under Information Technology Act  2008, section 43 (a) , 43(b),43(g) along with 66 applicable to it. Section 420,467,468,471 of IPC ,1860 also applicable. The victim can register a complaint in police station  and complainant can also fine for compensation upto 10 lakh rupees with bank ombudsmanor 5 crore rupeesbwith adjudicating officer of state / civil court. It act provides 3 years imprisonment or fine 5 lakh rupees or both

Un-Fair and Un-Lovely.

How empowering was it to watch Indians hold the “BLACK LIVES MATTER” placard in one hand supporting the protests in the United States and with the other hand applying a cream of poisonous chemicals to their naturally gifted skin. In this black and white world why do we hate brown? From the soil that gives birth to plants to the earthen pots which store our precious waters to the wood that burns into the flames of tomorrow’s ashes -brown is everywhere.

“Beta dhoop me mat khelo, tan ho jaaoge!”, yells the Indian parent while some family in the Europe takes their sons and daughters to play on the beach and get some tan. A land that prays Lord Krishna who is described to be as dark as the thunderous rain clouds and yet portrays him blue because anything is better than black anything is better than brown anything is better than dark.

Etymologically speaking, the Sanskrit word ‘Krishna’ means black or dark. At times, it is also translated as “all attractive”. According to Vedas, Lord Krishna is a dark-skinned God. Even in traditional patta chitras (cloth art) in Odisha, Lord Krishna and Vishnu are always shown having black skin. 

50,000 years ago when our ancestors migrated from the North to the African and Asian continents, they were exposed to the UV rays of the Sun which is saturated at the equator and the tropic of Capricorn. Those days’ sunscreens were not invented hence due to evolution and the wonderful science of human body’s biology it produced melanin under the skin which acted as a natural sun screen. Skin creating its own protective layers, how cool is that?

But we as Indians would rather prefer skin burns and skin cancers than having a healthy skin. When my mother read the matrimony classified newspapers for my elder sibling’s marriage, her face falls down as she looks at those advertisements. No no-hold your horses, it’s not what you are thinking, everybody is progressive nowadays, nobody is asking for dowry. All they ask is – “seeking a fair bride for my son”, “fair and handsome boy with a fit body”, “girl should be white toned and open minded”, “boy should not be dark and not restrict our daughter from wearing her choice of clothing.” (no dowry).

To parents who are afraid because – log kya kahenge? Maa lets not look for brides or grooms who are fair, let’s look for individuals who treat people fairly. Let’s not buy besan (gram flour) for face masks rather let’s lather some potatoes in them and fry it in oil as we watch the fair besan turn into a beautiful crispy brown tasty pakodas (fritters). Fairness creams or home remedies for instant glow neither teach us to be a human with a clean heart, a heart free from the ignorance. Instead of handing a tube of glow and lovely to your loved one’s let’s make them stand in front of the mirror holding their head high because any shade is beautiful any shape is beautiful any scar is beautiful. Before teaching to love others let’s start by loving ourselves. It’s time we realise love comes in all shapes and shades, it’s time we loved all shapes and shades.

Forget snow white, I’m chocolate brown, I will write my own fairy-tale. A tale of every brown Indian girl and boy who is torn apart by the expectations of society and yet stands proud with a personality and smile beautiful than any white skinned magazine covers. To every Bollywood song that calls the actress “Gori” I would like to say – “Gore Rang Pe Na itna Gumaan kar. Gora Rang Do Din mein Dhal Jaayega” – don’t show such pride of your fair skin, the fairness will fade in time. What will remain is the virtues, beliefs, kindness and opinions .

Changing the name from fair to glow will not enlighten the young minds but it will give light to the years of colourism and discrimination to continue its course in every generation to come. Brown is beautiful and so is every colour ever discovered.

Right To Information : Here is you need to know about RTI


RTI stands for Right to Information. Right To Information Act 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information. Right to Information empowers every citizen to seek any information from the Government, inspect any Government documents and seek certified photocopies thereof. Right to information also empowers citizens to official inspect any Government work or to take the sample of material used in any work.


Right to Information is a part of fundamental rights under Article 19(1) of the Constitution. Article 19 (1) says that every citizen has freedom of speech and expression.


Right to Information Act 2005, which became effective on 13th October 2005, provides that machinery. Therefore, Right to Information Act does not give us any new right. It simply lays down the process on how to apply for information, where to apply, how much fees etc.


Objective of RTI Act?


The basic object of the Right to Information Act is to empower the citizens, promote transparency and accountability in the working of the Government, contain corruption, and make our democracy work for the people in real sense. An informed citizenry will be better equipped to keep necessary vigil on the instruments of government and make the government more accountable to the governed.


The Schema of RTI Act


The Parliament recognized that proper and efficient functioning of a democracy requires an informed citizenry and transparency of information and that such transparency is vital for checking corruption and to hold governance and their instrumentalities accountable to the citizen of the country. The Parliament was also conscious that random and uncontrolled revelation of information is likely to conflict with other public interests including efficient operations of the governance, optimum use of limited fiscal resources and preservation of confidentiality of sensitive information.
In its endeavour to balance out and harmonize these conflicting interests while preserving the paramountcy of the democratic idea, the Parliament enacted the RTI Act. The object of the RTI Act is to set out a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of public authorities.


Sec. 4 of the Act imposes an obligation on public authorities to maintain its records duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and form which facilitates the right to information under the Act.


Sec. 6 of the Act entitles a person desirous of obtaining any information under the Act, to make a request in writing to the Central or State Public Information Officer specifying the particulars of the information sought by him. The applicant is not required to give any reason as to why he is requesting for the information.


Sec. 7 of the Act requires the Public Information Officer to either provide the information or reject the request for any of the reasons specified in Secs. 8 and 9 within 30 days of receipt of the request. If the Officer fails to give a decision on the request within 30 days, he shall be deemed to have refused the request.
Under Sec. 19, if a person does not receive a decision within 30 days or is aggrieved by a decision of the Public Information Officer, he may prefer an appeal to an Officer who is senior in rank to the Public Information Officer in that Public Authority.


A second appeal is provided for against the order passed in the first appeal before the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission as the case may be. The powers of the Information Commission are enacted in Sub-Sec. 9 of Sec. 19 which includes the power to require the Public Authority to compensate the complainant for any loss or other detriment suffered and/or to impose any of the penalties provided under the RTI Act.


Sec. 20 of the Act empowers the Information Commission to impose penalty on the Public Information Officer if the Commission is of the opinion that the Officer without any reasonable cause refused to receive an application for information or has not furnished the information sought for within the specified time under Sec. 7(1) or mala fidely denied the request for information or knowingly has given incorrect, incomplete or misleading information or destroyed information which was the subject of the request or obstructed in any manner in furnishing the information.


Sec. 22 of the Act is a non- obstante clause giving overriding effect to the provisions of the Act.
Under Sec. 25, the Information Commission is required after the end of each year to prepare a report on the implementation of the provisions of the Act during that year and forward a copy thereof to the appropriate Government.
Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen may request information from a “public authority” (a body of Government or “instrumentality of State”) which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. The Act also requires every public authority to computerise their records for wide dissemination and to proactively disclose certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally. This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came fully into force on 12 October 2005.


Right to Information includes the right to:

Inspect works, documents, records. Take notes, extracts or certified copies of documents or records. Take certified samples of material. Obtain information in form of printouts, diskettes, floppies, tapes, video, cassettes or in any other electronic mode or through printouts. “information” means any material in any form, including records, documents, memos, e-mails, opinions, advice, press releases, circulars, orders, logbooks, contracts, reports, papers, samples, models, data material held in any electronic form and information relating to any private body which can be accessed by a public authority under any other law for the time being in force.

Impact of technology on privacy -Aman sharma

Impact of Technology on Privacy

Technology has offered various options to help people maintain privacy depending on their situation. At the same time, technology has made it almost impossible for anyone to have privacy. There are devices and programs that can help you get privacy but they can also be used to invade it. Modern society has too many incidences and events that include invasion of privacy, including on national and international levels. Is it possible to ever maintain a level of privacy when you are on the computer, your cellphone, or even in your own home due to technology advancements?

Having privacy when you need it is a significant asset to most people. You want to be able to access important information such as documents, account statements, and other personal information without worries of it being stolen, hacked, or tapped into. Technology has helped keep your information safe and secure, but only to an extent. There are major corporations, along with small and large businesses and individuals who feel there is not enough being done to ensure user privacy when it comes to devices, programs, and websites to name a few. There are options you can take to help safeguard personal information such as changing passwords frequently and paying attention to websites you visit for peculiar behavior or links to avoid clicking. But, technology has a catch 22 concept that includes being at risk for your privacy to be invaded. Just when you think you have something to help protect you and your personal information, the same content can be hacked or tapped into by a knowledgeable person or group of individuals with negative intentions. There are people who feel they do not want to engage with online websites or digital programs to avoid the risk, but is it really possible to do so? Many say it is not.

Technology is constantly changing and so is the way personal information is obtained and stored. When you think you have a solution to a privacy related problem, there are people on the other end trying to figure out how to invade your personal space. In many cases it seems as if you need to be a step ahead of the perpetrator. You have to think like one in order to determine the best course of action in trying to increase personal privacy. This is another task on its own that can take further time to understand depending on the element of privacy you want to secure.

Emotional intelligence -Aman sharma

Emotional intelligence.

Trying to accomplish grand objectives is solid, as long as it doesn’t get devastating. There is a truism: “Don’t let flawlessness impede progress.”

I would say in programming advancement through different jobs and as CTO at Clearbridge Versatile, I’ve discovered that this expression resounds. Spry advancement places incredible accentuation on emphasis, or bombing quick so you can learn, adjust, and improve rapidly and consistently. Hairsplitting really blocks your capacity to turn out to be better.

Numerous parts of perfectionistic thinking, similar to the dread of committing errors and embracing a win or bust outlook, are not gainful learning devices, and looking for flawlessness in each undertaking won’t assist us with accomplishing item objectives.

Through the act of enthusiastic insight, we find out about our qualities – and maybe more critically, our cutoff points – and how to expand them by gaining from botches and conquering difficulties. By ascending to trouble and in any event, falling flat, we figure out how to accomplish our best work.

This article will investigate four aspects of passionate knowledge, how to use them to accomplish objectives, and how they can decrease the stickler conduct and thought designs that are hindering to nimble groups.

  1. Be interested

Genuinely clever people have a functioning feeling of interest. They investigate additional opportunities, pose inquiries, and are available to different arrangements. On the off chance that we submit to stickler thought designs, it’s anything but difficult to get over the top about getting a profoundly explicit or solitary presentation result. We put blinders on and shut out the learning procedure required at showing up at an objective.

At the point when we’re on an objective way, it’s fundamental to inquisitively investigate the procedure of objective achievement with the goal that we can course-address when we face obstructions. By being interested, we’re caused mindful of different alternatives and bearings to take to accomplish our objectives. Be that as it may, to do this, we have to oppose win big or bust reasoning and be available to changing our objective direction. In a dexterous situation, it’s fundamental to modify when the startling happens.

Is it true that you are defining execution objectives as it were? Learning objectives move our core interest.

We can’t totally overlook execution objectives. In our professions, we unavoidably face quantifiable execution results to get (increment time-to-showcase by 30 percent or lessen costs by 10 percent, for instance). Learning objectives, in any case, move our concentration from the final product to the way toward learning the best way to deal with objective fulfillment. Except if the presentation result has critical outcomes to a venture, I recommend moving toward objectives with a learning direction at whatever point conceivable.

Examination with new techniques, monitor progress, and continue emphasizing until you locate the most encouraging arrangement. Endeavoring to convey immaculate outcomes will just keep you away from learning better approaches for accomplishing objectives. You have to realize when to turn to the following arrangement, and comprehend that plans won’t run without shortcoming – which carries me to the following part of passionate knowledge to incorporate with your range of abilities: industriousness.

  1. Be tenacious despite disappointment

There are incalculable disappointments remaining among us and our objectives. A portion of these disappointments are unavoidable, while others are of our own creation: botches, mishaps, outer conditions, or tarrying, for instance. Regardless, we will confront disappointment on our approach to accomplishing objectives.

In any case, sincerely astute people and the best programming designers endure, paying little heed to any disappointment they experience. Genuinely shrewd individuals realize how to function through disappointment since they’re equipped for controlling their feelings, remaining positive under tension, and quieting themselves in the midst of vexation.

Disregarding that, on the off chance that we offer approach to compulsiveness, we will in general dread missteps. We’re additionally bound to alter objectives to make them simpler when we face misfortunes, just as draw out hesitation – in light of the fact that we can’t come up short at something we haven’t began. Utilizing enthusiastic knowledge to battle disappointment includes self-guideline as well as requires creating or fortifying resolve.

At the point when we have certainty that objectives are feasible, we can allow ourselves to be flawed.

Creating determination can help ease perfectionistic propensities and thought designs by developing self-assurance. Individuals who accept they can achieve something advantageous outflank the individuals who suspect something. At the point when we have certainty that specific objectives are feasible, we can allow ourselves to be flawed in light of the fact that we accept we’re fit for accomplishment paying little mind to hindrances en route.

Once more, in programming advancement, you have to acknowledge defect. While being available to disappointment is baffling, rehearsing the flop quick technique permits advancement groups to discover and address deserts sooner. That implies less bugs go into creation, which prompts excellent, creation prepared programming.

Superheroes in real world-Aman sharma

To the Doctors and Nurses around the world,

This letter to you all with the warmest thanks we people can give.

Amidst all the dangerous situation the world is in right now, you all came out with your never holding back and never bowing down attitude to save the world.

Nurses and Doctors have new and expanding roles. They are case managers, helping patients navigate the maze of healthcare choices and develop plans of care. They are patient educators who focus on preventative care in a multitude of settings outside hospitals. Nurses have the most direct patient care, they have much influence on serious treatment decisions.

We know it has been hard for you all, risking your own life to cure others. Bringing smile to teary eyes by keeping yourself sleep-deprived. By not able to meet your families for weeks.

We know this must be an anxious time for your families too and we also salute them for their courage.

In this catastrophic situation, you made us believe that all superheroes don’t wear suits and capes some put on a white coat with a glory, too

We thank you all for being there when the world was in shortage of superheroes.

Bloody end of ‘vikas’

Seven days after the Bikru village bloodbath in which eight policemen of Uttar Pradesh were ambushed and killed by the infamous ‘Kanpurwala’ mafia Vikas Dubey and his henchmen, the 48 years old gangster was shot
dead in an encounter. He was being escorted by an eighteen member UP Police team from Ujjain. As per the Police, in a police convoy comprising three police vehicles, Dubey snatched a pistol from one of the four injured policemen and open fired them, after that their Mahindra TUV overturned while swerving past a buffalo herd amidst pounding rain, he got shot in the crossfire. He was brought to the Hospital where doctors declared him dead.

Encounter History

Vikas dubey is the 119th accused to have been killed in an encounter since Yogi Adityanath government took charge in march 2017. In January last year, Supreme Court has termed encounters in Uttar Pradesh as a ‘‘very serious issue.’’ but the State Government has always stated the numbers of encounter as its biggest achievement.
According to the records 6,145 encounters have been held in which 119 accused have died and 2,258 others injured. Total 13 policemen have lost their lives including the eight killed in Kanpur last week and 885 policemen were injured.
The state government has got at least three notices since 2017 from the National Human Rights Commission and the government has filed a common response to all those notices defending its actions.
In year 2014, People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. State of
Maharashtra, the Supreme Court had issued guidelines in such police operations. The court had said that ‘‘Magisterial inquiry must be held in all cases of death which occur in the course of Police Action. The next kin of the deceased must invariably be associated in such inquiry.
In every case when a complaint is made against the police alleging commission of a criminal act on their part which makes out a cognizable case of culpable homicide, an FIR to this effect must be registered under appropriate sections of the IPC.’’
Then CJI RM Lodha and Justice R.F Nariman had mentioned that the inquiry must show ‘‘whether use of force was justified and action taken was lawful.’’
Following the ruling of the SC, in Uttar Pradesh, Magisterial inquiries have been completed in 74 encounter cases and surprisingly police got clean chit in all.

A cover-up encounter?
The loopholes in the theory of Police of india’s biggest state have raised many questions.
1)      Why was UP police bringing Vikas Dubey from Ujjain to Kanpur by road and without transit remand from the Ujjain Court?
2)      Why Vikas Dubey was not handcuffed enroute?
3)      Why TV crews chasing the police cavalcade from the Ujjain were
prevented just 15 minutes before the Encounter?
4)      According to the cctv footage Dubey was spotted travelling in different vehicle but police claimed that he was in the car which overturned during the cross firing.
Opposition parties have termed it a pre-planned killing and an attempt to save the Government from being exposed by the connection with the wanted deceased. Samajwadi Party head and former Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav said that the encounter was staged to save the Yogi Adityanath government from toppling, the call details of Vikas Dubey of past five years should be made public. He also denied any
connection of the deceased gangster and his wife from his party, as was alleged by the some BJP leaders. BSP chief Mayawati and Congress General Secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra had demanded a Supreme Court monitored probe into the killing.

Kashmiri Pandit’s

It is 30 years since the “exodus” from the Valley of its minority Hindu Kashmiri Pandit community. The hotly contested circumstances of their departure between January and March 1990, the numbers, and the issue of their return are an important side to the Kashmir story that has fed into the Hindu-Muslim polarisation in India over the years, in turn fuelling the Hindu-Muslim chasm in the Valley. The exodus took place at the same time that the BJP was upping the ante across northern India, and over the years, the plight of Kashmiri Pandits has become a potent Hindutva issue.
The run-up: 1980s to 1990
In the lead-up to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment. Sheikh Abdullah had died in 1982, and the leadership of the National Conference passed on to his son Farooq Abdullah, who won the 1983 election. But within two years, the Centre broke up the NC, and installed dissident Ghulam Mohammed Shah as Chief Minister. This led to huge disaffection and political instability. The Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) stepped up its activities, and the hanging of the militant leader Maqbool Bhat in 1984 added to the sense of foreboding. In 1986, after the Rajiv Gandhi government opened the Babri Masjid locks to enable Hindus to offer prayers there, ripples were felt in Kashmir too.
In Anantnag, the constituency of then Congress leader Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, there was a series of attacks on Hindu temples, and shops and properties of Kashmiri Pandits, blamed on separatist and secessionists. In 1986, as opposition to the Shah government grew, Rajiv Gandhi resurrected Farooq Abdullah, who became CM once again. The rigged election of 1987 after which Abdullah formed the government was a turning point at which militants took the upper hand. The 1989 capitulation to the JKLF in the kidnapping of Mufti Sayeed’s daughter set the stage for the next decade.

By then, the Pandits had begun to be targeted. The Valley’s BJP leader Tika Lal Taploo was shot dead on September 13. Neel Kanth Ganjoo, a retired judge who had sentenced Maqbool Bhat to death, was shot dead outside the J&K High Court in Srinagar on November 4. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead in Anantnag on December 27. Hit lists of Pandits were in circulation. Waves of panic hit the community, especially after a local newspaper published an anonymous message, allegedly from the Hizb-ul Mujahideen, asking Pandits to leave.

Matters came to a head on January 19. By then, the Farooq Abdullah government had been dismissed and Governor’s Rule imposed. According to accounts published by many eminent Kashmiri Pandits, there were threatening slogans over loudspeakers from mosques, and on the streets. Speeches were made extolling Pakistan and the supremacy of Islam, and against Hinduism.
The Kashmiri Pandit community decided to leave. On January 20, the first stream began leaving the Valley with hastily packed belongings in whatever transport they could find. A second, larger wave left in March and April, after more Pandits were killed.
On January 21, the CRPF gunned down 160 Kashmiri Muslim protesters at the Gawkadal Bridge, which has come to be known as the worst massacre in the long history of the conflict in Kashmir. The two events — the flight of the Pandits and the Gawkadal massacre — took place within 48 hours, but for years, neither community could accept the pain of the other, and in some ways, still cannot, as each continues to talk past the other.
According to some estimates, notably by the Kashmiri Pandit Sangharsh Samiti (KPSS), of 75,343 Kashmiri Pandit families in January 1990, more than 70,000 fled between 1990 and 1992. The flight continued until 2000. The KPSS has placed the number of Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants from 1990 to 2011 at 399, the majority during 1989-90. Some 800 families have remained in the Valley through these three decades.

MENTAL HEALTH; THE TRUTH

HOW IT STARTED

MENTAL HEALTH had been trending across social media platforms after the sudden demise of the Bollywood actor Sushant Singh Rajput who chose to end his life. This incident occurred on 14th June 2020, when India was still under lockdown. Had this happened in a normal situation it would not have garnered this amount of attention probably. But this sent shock waves throughout the country as the actor had always been known to have a smiling face and charming self. There was no clue that he was so unhappy with himself and his life. His death awakes many questions on mental health, suffering, depression and nepotism in Bollywood. Many big names in Bollywood were trolled and blamed for indirectly killing him. Everyone on social media seemed concerned on mental health and even offered a lending ear to their friends and followers. They spoke about how mental health is as important as physical wellbeing and how everyone should support each other and spread only love and no hate. These were the same people who later on started trolling the Bollywood industry, star kids and other big names of the industry. Hypocrisy was very evident. Another disturbing aspect was that the actor’s family was not given privacy. News reporters were practically thrusting microphones and cameras under the nose of the family members of the late actor not allowing them time to even come to terms with their loss and grieve.  The irony was that on one side everyone was trying to be friendly, understanding and wanting to spread only positivity and love, and, on the other side trolling and blaming people and not giving space to the family members. The most traumatic part according to me was that the pictures of the late actor’s dead body started circulating on the internet. The police department had to officially announce that this is immoral and anyone found circulating these pictures will be punished. Some youtubers and news channels took it a level higher and started demonstrating how Sushant would have possibly hanged himself. This was not it, his personal life and relationships were also brought under public scrutiny this just made everything worse.

AN INSIGHT INTO MENTAL HEALTH

MENTAL HEALTH is still something which is not completely understood and accepted by our society. It is not given the attention and importance it deserves. According to the World Health Organisation, mental health is defined as –

“Mental health is a state of wellbeing in which an individual realises his/her own abilities, can cope with the normal stress of life, can work productively, and is able to make a contribution to his/her community.”

Any person no matter the age, gender, community, society, etc. is at a risk of developing a mental disorder. Financial status, fame or luxuries does not guarantee a good mental heath. Even a very successful and ambitious individual can develop a mental disorder.

MYTHS

There are some myths and superstitions regarding mental health that needs to be popped.

  1. Children are not affected by mental disorders: this is a big lie. As I have mentioned before, mental health affects anyone whatever the age or gender of that person. Children can also be affected based on their upbringing and their surroundings. The family background and environment will take a toll on the mental status of the child.
  • People with mental health issues are violent and unpredictable: we often have this misunderstanding that people who smile and laugh are happy and the ones who are sad are depressed. This is very wrong. Many studies have shown that people who are depressed tend to laugh at silly things and always try to have a smile on. They are friendly and jovial and in no means have an intention to hurt others.
  • Mental disorders are incurable: with proper medication and help mental disorders can be brought under control if not cured completely. But many people have been cured over time, a living and known example is actress Deepika Padukone. The right support and help can get you out of anything.
  • Personality weakness or character flaws cause mental issues, people can snap out of it if they want to: this is one of the most common myths that people have. Being lazy has nothing to do with mental health. Depressed people do not wish to stay that way, they do want to come out of it and enjoy life. They try their very best to be happy.
  • Mental health issues are rare: 1 in 8 people are affected with mental health issues. Most of the times we don’t realise that we have mental disorders or chose to ignore it, which is very wrong.
  • Having a mental illness means you’re crazy: this is completely false. Having mental health problems does not in any way imply you’re crazy, it just means you’re vulnerable.

TYPES OF DISORDERS

Here is the list of a few common types of mental disorders.

  • Anxiety disorder
  • Mood disorder
  • Personality disorder
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder
  • Eating disorder

CONCLUSION

All things considered, I would request every one to take care of their mental and physical wellbeing. In these trying times, we should support each other and move forward. Do not hesitate to seek help from professional and please don’t self-diagnose. Remember NOTHING IS IMPOSSIBLE.

REFERENCES

WHO

NIH

Job Satisfaction-Determining factors

Job satisfaction is big factor in employee engagement and the level of discretionary effort team members are likely to make. No doubt, people’s work performance suffers when they don’t feel satisfied with their jobs, not to mention their quality of life.Of course, every person is unique in what they wish to achieve from their work, but there are some job satisfaction factors that psychologists usually agree on.

Job satisfaction depends on several different factors such as satisfaction with pay, promotion opportunities , fringe benefits, job security, relationship with co-workers and supervisors, etc.Job satisfaction may lead to cost reduction by reducing absences, task errors, conflicts at work and turnover.

As work is an important aspect of people’s lives and most people spend a large part of their working lives at work, understanding the factors involved in job satisfaction is crucial to improving employees ‘performance and productivity.

Factors determining the level of job satisfaction are:-

Working Environment

It is essential to provide employees with a work environment that is conducive to their overall development.

They need an environment which is healthy and safe and which caters to both personal comforts and facilitates doing a good job. If the working conditions are good (clean, attractive surroundings), the personnel will find it easier to carry out their jobs.

On the other hand, if the working conditions are poor (hot, noisy surroundings), personnel will find it more difficult to get things done.

Hence, it can be said that having a friendly, and supportive environment can lead to increased job satisfaction.

Fair Policies and Practice

Individuals who perceive that promotion decisions are made in a fair and just manner are likely to experience satisfaction from their jobs.

Very often employees are demotivated and dissatisfied with their jobs because unfair policies and practices prevail at their place of work.

It is therefore of utmost importance for an organization to have a fair and equal system regarding practices and policies so that there is no discrimination and frustration.

Caring Organization

Care can be shown in various ways, but it takes into consideration career development, adult treatment, being taken seriously and being appreciated for a job well done.

When people feel that the organization; for which they are working, cares for them and takes actions to improve their work and lives, they are happy, and this creates higher satisfaction.

Appreciation

The human race loves to be appreciated.

Even for the smaller job that does one seek to have an appreciation, from colleagues, boss, and seniors. When one gets acknowledged in front of everyone, it gives up a boost to their morale.

When appreciation leads to encouragement, the ultimate result is reflected in the efficiency of work automatically.

Therefore, the level of job satisfaction is always higher wherever appreciation is higher.

Pay

Wages and salaries are recognized to be a significant but cognitively complex (Carraher, & Buckley, 1996) and multidimensional factor in job satisfaction. Money not only helps people attain their basic needs but is also instrumental in providing upper-level need satisfaction.

Employees often see pay as a reflection of how management views their contribution to the organization. Fringe benefits are also significant, but they are not as influential.

One reason undoubtedly is that most employees do not even know how much they are receiving in benefits. Moreover, most tend to undervalue these benefits because they do not realize their significant monetary value.

Age

Age is one of the factors affecting job satisfaction. Various studies carried out in this field have shown that job satisfaction tends to increase with age.

That is older employees tend to report higher satisfaction, and younger employees say the lowest job satisfaction rates.

Promotion

Promotional opportunities seem to have a varying effect on job satisfaction. This is because promotions take some different forms and have a variety of accompanying rewards.

In recent years, the flattening of organizations and accompanying empowerment strategies, promotion in the traditional sense of climbing the hierarchical corporate ladder of success is no longer available as it once was.

Feel of Belongings

Most of the organization fails to understand this fundamental factor, whereas many have started acting towards it.

If an employee feels that he is considered an important part of the team, he belongs to the organization then there are higher chances of job satisfaction.

Texting or emailing an employee on his/her birthday, communicating the crisis to even at the ground level employee, making special efforts during festive seasons, all these small little gestures make an employee believe that he or she belongs to the firm.

This brings job satisfaction and loyalty together.

Initiation and Leadership

If an employee is given an equal number of opportunities to show their talent, take the lead and initiate then the chances of having a higher level of job satisfaction is more.

Suppose in an organization; no employee is asked to give suggestions, nobody is bothered to inform them of the decision.

There are only a few figures who lead the team always.

In such conditions, an employee wouldn’t feel satisfied with whatever job he or she is currently doing.

Feel of Being Loved

It is noticed that if an employee has a good bonding with colleagues arid seniors, then the job satisfaction level is higher.

One feels like coming to the office and performing the job. If the environment is not friendly, office politics is at its peak, and malpractices are done, then all these factors together leave no stone unturned in discouraging an employee from not coming to the office.

Safety and Security

These days companies are taking endless measures in order to see that an employee is catered to a different kind of facilities like health care and medical checkups.

There are a few institutions that also provide insurance policies at a lower rate.

Hence, this aspect of safety and security plays a major role. If an employee didn’t feel safe and secured at the organization that he or she works in, the level of job satisfaction is ultimately going to fall.

Challenges

There are a few types of employees who love to experiment; they like it when the challenging job is assigned to them. To them, the challenge is always associated with ability and capability.

They feel that if an employee is given a challenging job, it means that the leader trusts his or her capacity to fulfill the expectations.

Thus, wherever challenges have involved the level of job satisfaction automatically raises up.

Responsibilities

This suggests that when an employee is given a bigger responsibility it makes him or her conscious about the fact that the employers think him or her as a capable and trustworthy candidate.

Jobs where responsibility is involved always carry a higher level of satisfaction. The idea of responsibility and the feel that one gets when the responsibility gets accomplished cannot be traded for anything in the world.

If an employee is not given any responsibility to handle, ultimately the result is that the person feels detached and doubts about self-worth which immediately affects job satisfaction.

Creativity in Job

Job satisfaction is always higher wherever creativity is involved. The creative freedom gives a sense of fulfillment whenever any project is complete.

It makes an employee feels as if the project belongs to them for their creativity is there. Even if it is just a creative sentence that they have put in, it means a lot to them.

On the other hand, in jobs that are monotonous, the employee won’t feel like he or she belongs to the project. The alienation takes place, and hence the job satisfaction level falls drastically.

Personal Interest and Hobbies

People who pursue their hobbies and interest as their career, gain the highest level of satisfaction in whatever they do at their workplace.

This is because their job is not a job for them, but a way of getting closer to their interest and making money. Whatever, they will be more than just to have a promotion.

Respect from Co-Workers

Employees seek to be treated with respect by those they work with. A hostile work environment with rude or unpleasant coworkers are those that don’t get respect from their fellow ones.

Managers need to take a step and mediate conflicts before they escalate into more serious problems requiring disciplinary action.

Employees may need to be reminded of what behaviors are considered inappropriate when interacting with coworkers.

Relationship with Supervisors

One of the major reasons employees think about quitting a company is that their supervisor does not care about them.

A participative climate created by the supervisor seems to have a more substantial effect on workers’ satisfaction than does participation in a specific decision.

Effective managers know their employees need recognition and praise for their efforts and accomplishments.

Employees also need to know their supervisor’s door is always open for them to discuss any concerns they have that are affecting their ability to do their jobs. It will lead to their satisfaction in the office.

Feedback

Not receiving feedback on their work can be quite discouraging for most people. Effective feedback will help the team members know where they are and how they can improve.

Authority also needs to know what kind of feedback the team members respond to best. Research shows that learners seek and respond to positive feedback, while experts respond to negative feedback.

In the case of negative feedback, it’s not enough to simply point out what is wrong. One should explain the reason something they did isn’t working, and how it might be corrected.

Flexibility

Offering flexibility is a great way to show the team members that what is expected from them. What’s more, the gift of time is one of the most appreciated workplace perks. Smart people work best when they can choose their schedule.

Flexible hours can increase engagement and productivity. But keep in mind that these may decrease collaboration.

Nature of Work

The nature of work can define the willingness to work. Most individuals have a liking for certain tasks and would prefer to handle these tasks. One should make sure that he/she is going for firms where he/she gets to apply the skills, abilities.

Recent research has found that such job characteristics and job complexity mediate the relationship between personality and job satisfaction, and if the creative requirements of employees’ jobs are met, then they tend to be satisfied.

For each working personal job satisfaction has a different meaning. There are different factors that influence the level of job satisfaction. The ones that are listed above are the most common ones.

It is vital for an employee to have a satisfaction level derived from the job that he or she is doing.

US questions on Pakistan Airline Safety

U.S. authorities have revoked the permit for a Pakistani-owned airline to fly flights from the country due to problems related to the validity of pilot licenses, a spokesman for the airlines said.Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) was authorized earlier this year to operate 12 flights to the United States and allow the repatriation of Pakistani nationals to the country due to the coronavirus epidemic. On Thursday, the US Department of Transportation revoked the permit, using seven planes and five more waiting, PIA spokesman Abdullah Khan told Al Jazeera. According to an internal PIA email, seen by Al Jazeera, the US DoT has identified “‘the latest incidents identified by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority as a major concern for air safety’, especially issues related to the proper certification of certain Pakistani pilots reason for dismissal. On June 25, Pakistani Aviation Minister Ghulam Sarwar Khan said management had found 262 Pakistani pilots – nearly a third of all licensed pilots in the country – had acquired their licenses, a claim that was challenged by groups of pilots. Pakistan’s national carrier has suspended 150 pilots after questions about the validity of their existing licenses. Earlier, preliminary investigations found that the human error was largely due to a PIA plane crash that killed 98 people in southern Pakistan in May. Also, Said that the sparked widespread outcry, with the European Union Aviation Safety Agency suspending the country’s third PIA authorization to fly to European destinations a few days later. Some continents places Vietnam, Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates have written to the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority to verify the licenses of pilots those were operating the aircrafts in the country. EASA has also written to European air traffic controllers asking them to suspend Pakistani pilots while awaiting confirmation of their certificates. Allegations by the Department of Air Force appear to focus on inconsistencies on written dates, with pilots who had been flagged down taking tests on the same day as they were on a flight, or on public holidays. Many pilots told Al Jazeera that they did not deny that they had ever flown on the same day as their tests, but said that this was “normal” and was not illegal. Earlier this week, the PCAA suspended the pilots’ licenses for 34 pilots in the matter. Eleven previous suspensions of this nature, issued in January 2019, have been challenged in court, and the trial is ongoing. PIA, a former pioneer airline for international airlines, stopped flying to the US in 2017, clarified financial considerations due to US security regulations forcing it to stop at its destination in Europe. Seven return flights were the first that Pakistani airlines had ever flown directly from the US, said company spokesman Abdullah Khan, telling Al Jazeera, that the airline was hoping to obtain permanent authorization after the coronavirus epidemic. Pakistani authorities began the process of applying for such authorization from the US Transportation Safety Administration last year, by U.S. inspectors conducting airport inspections in Pakistan in July 2019.

Diet

We have grown up listening to the term ‘balanced diet’ in science. It refers to a diet that has all the essential nutrients and minerals that will keep us healthy. Having a balanced diet has been encouraged by our childhood. After all, it is important in keeping our health well.A person intakes appropriate amounts of proteins, minerals, and nutrients in a balanced diet. It is quite necessary for the smooth functioning of our body. If we consume a balanced diet regularly, we will always remain healthy. It lessens any chances of falling ill. Moreover, a balanced diet also boosts our immunity system.

Importance of a Balanced Diet

Most people believe that a balanced diet is definitely the key to a healthy lifestyle. It is rightly believed as even scientists say so. When we always consume a balanced diet, we will maintain our physical as well as mental health. A balanced diet must contain the proper foods that are consumed in apt quantities. A perfect balanced diet is composed of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, high fiber content, vitamins, and more. Moreover, nowadays the trend of junk food is here to stay. People are not taking a balanced diet rather eating all sorts of harmful foods. It is more important than ever to tell people about the importance of a balanced diet. You cannot merely exercise and expect your body to stay fit. A balanced diet is crucial for that.

Most importantly, it is called a ‘balanced’ diet because it requires all the foods to be eaten in a balanced manner. For instance, if you intake large amounts of carbohydrates and a little amount of protein, then that will not be called a balanced diet, even if you are eating the right foods. The balance needs to be maintained for that.

How to Have a Balanced Diet?

One can always adopt a healthy lifestyle by starting to consume a balanced diet. Firstly, one must definitely increase the amount of liquid to consume in a day. Fluids are very important for the human body to function healthily. As almost 80% of our body is filled with water, we need it for good metabolism. Thus, start with drinking at least two to three liters of water every day. Moreover, try cutting down on the consumption of tea, coffee, alcohol, and other such addictive liquids. Furthermore, one must always eat fresh vegetables and fruits. As fresh fruits and vegetables are great sources of fiber and vitamins, we must consume them for good body growth. Try to avoid eating deep-fried or overcooked food as it loses all its nutrients. The balanced diet must have the five essential elements, i.e. bitter, sour, sweet, pungent and salty. Also, the emphasis is on fresh fruits because the processed or packed ones do not have nutrients.

Most importantly, always chew your food patiently. Do not just swallow it after chewing for four-five times. This way your food won’t get digested properly. Savor the food slowly and steadily. Next, do not eat in excess. You must know when to draw the line and stop when you don’t have the appetite. Therefore, we see how a balanced diet will keep you healthy and fit. It will improve the quality of your life and keep all the illnesses away.

Responsibility towards organisation- Karma and Dharma of an employee

Does an employees holds any responsibility towards organisation.? What can be the responsibilities that employee holds..? Lets understand everything about responsibilities that an employee holds in detail.

When employees works in the organisation it proliferates the growth of organisation. So, karma And dharma Of an employee for the company should be the responsibility towards organisation that he/she works in because its not only organisations growth but it helps in the growth of an employee too.

Lets move forward and discuss roles and responsibilities a employee holds towards an organisation

The new and existing employees that are hired in an organization have a certain responsibility towards the organization, society, and the nation, at large. Therefore, it is important to induct the ‘right’ employees in the organization. The traits that these employees personify include teamwork, integrity, commitment, and work ethic.

Roles & Responsibilities for Employees:
1. Do Early Homework: Every employee is responsible for understanding the work allotted and determining if it is appropriate for him. He/she should make sure whether he/she has mastered the skills required to perform the task completely. If he/she is not sure about how to handle the work allotted to them they should talk with their superiors and get suggestions and directions in fulfilling the work allotted to him/her. This will help the employee in building good relations with not only their superiors also with their colleagues.

2. Plan with the Manager: Having a proper work schedule or time table for the work allotted to the employee helps the employee in Time Management and reaching the deadlines on time. Also, when a new work is allotted

3. Take Responsibility and Use Available Resources: The employees should have sense of responsibility towards the resources of the Organization. As a part of the Organization every employee is equally responsible for the long life of the existing resources, for which smooth usage and suggestions for usage is required, which in case is not provided should be requested for.

4. Participate: Active listening and participation in teams will ensure that all employees become good team players and work with unity towards common goals of the Organization. Whenever a new work is being allotted all the Employees should be eager enough to take the initiative rather than trying to avoid newer tasks. This will facilitate in employees learning new skills and reaching the Organizational goals with much effectiveness.

5. Be Punctual And Regular: The Prime responsibilities of every employee must be Punctuality and Regularity. You can be better organized by being punctual and regular. Unwanted and unexpected work delays can be dealt effectively

6. Cleanliness is Next To Godliness: One should maintain the cleanliness of their desk, and also premises of the Organization. If you and your premises are clean you will find it more encouraging to work and also it be convenient to work for other employees.

7. Washroom: Please use the washrooms bearing in mind that you are not the only person who is using it. See to it you don’t spill the water across the wash basin when you are using it same with the premises of wash room. Health and Hygiene of you and others should be your prime concern.

Please be organized and contribute to the growth of the Organization. Everyone grows with the Organization. So, Organizational Growth is our Growth.

Honor killing


Honour killing is seen as a dirty behaviour by the member of the family thinking to bring purity to the family. It is an act of murder by the family on the family members to bring honour to the family to eradicate the shame and dishonour brought by the family member. The male member of the family kills the female member who has violated the wishes and honour of the family. This is a kind of pre-planned murder by the members of the family against the member who had bought shame to the family. Mostly these acts are caused due to trigger done by the relatives, society, neighbours by whom the accused feels dishonoured and gets provoked. Mostly these occur against the female who are assumed for sexual and marital offences. In situation where the members should be a support for the female are against them and brings a situation where they should not exist. India is a democratic country as every citizen has their rights and freedom to do acts which does not violate law. In a society where the citizens are equal without any discrimination, honour killing brings discrimination where the family member is considered to bring dishonour by choosing a person of a different caste.(Keane 2016) Caste and status are the main reasons for honour killing in the present world as the caste and status changes for a girl when she goes to her husband house.

HONOUR KILLING IN INDIA


Honour killing is an act of shame caused to the family for which it is otherwise called as shame killing. It is an act of killing when the person does not accept for arranged marriage, marrying a person disapproved by the family, doing inter-caste marriage which is against the wish and will of the family. In India, this type of killing is been carried over since many centuries. From the olden days this has become a practice. It has become a common practice for our country. Supreme Court had brought a decision based on honour killing that, „killing or physical assault being made over young men/women who marries against the wish of the family is illegal.‟(Ercan 2014) This type of killing is a brutal and barbaric activity made by the member of the family. However, in our country, honour killing has been made a separate provision having severe punishment. In India, mostly in places of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan practice of honour killing is more. Due to
the complex socio-cultural problems the crime of honour killing is divulging more and more. The prime factors of honour killing is the high caste members do not accept inter caste marriage to maintain their caste and in case if anything occurs to bring their status down, they would feel such thing need not exist and in that case if the female /male gets married to that person of low status they feel the person need not exist instead of leaving down their status. Even in case the status and gotra is the same, the parents do not accept if the victim wants to go for love marriage. This killing is done to restore their honour which would be reduced due to the act of the young male/woman. In India, honour killing is practiced due to merciful act also. The parties who had committed the act of honour killing ca plea on the circumstance of grave and sudden provocation. Such an idea was been indulged when the act was formed as the act of honour killing is prevailing since ages. Honour killing is a crime which has become predominantly equal to other rigorous crimes. Culture is important for a family but still the young male/female that had been brought up by the family since years are also to be considered by the family. The level of importance given to the culture and status is not given to the members of the family. They think about the society and neighbors and the allegations and news spreading about the victim and get triggered to commit honour killing but does not seek remedy to safeguard the victim. This has become a spreading crime in our country.


EFFECTS OF HONOUR KILLING


Honour killing is not constrained to one gender. Men are also brought as a victim of honour killing. It is inappropriate that the victim is a man or a woman, if they had violated or brought down the name of the family, they are subjected to be killed by the members of the family. However, honour killing are focused on the women, it is not restricted so. It extends to men too. When the men violate the customs, the family members of the women or the male family members tend to join hands to kill him. For the execution of honour killing, the role of male is more. In case to commit the crime, the male descendants of the family form a group to kill the victim and especially if the victim is a girl, the male members would kill the victim. It does not matter about how close and love they had on the victim, they kill the victim if they cross the limits of the family. In certain cases, women also play a part in commission of honour killing. They join hands with the male descendants in executing the crime. They play a role in ensuring the limits of sexual regulations and plan to kill the victim, if the victim is her daughter.

SPECIFIC TRIGGERS OF HONOUR KILLING


Following are the specific reasons for which honour killing is been made(Reddy 2014; Singh 2013):


● Refusal of an arranged marriage: The member of the family be it a male or female member of the family, if refuses to accept the marriage arranged by the family, they would be triggered to be killed for the welfare of the family. It is a kind of shame the family members feel when the person does not accept the marriage arranged by the family.


● Seeking a divorce: The victim of honor killing would be a married party and would have been divorced due to family issues in their marital life. Seeking divorce by the member would bring down the prestige of the family where they feel the victim would rather die than being alive and they themselves kill the person.


● Allegations and rumors about family members: The victim may be subjected to allegations or wrong talks by the neighbors or other members in the society. In that case knowing the true fact or not, the members of the family for their status and prestige would kill the member. Killing the victim according to them brings an additional prestige and status to the family.


● Homo-sexuality: It has become natural where love comes between the people of the same sex. When a couple of the same sex wants to live together the family or the society does not permit it and in turn creates more and more allegations and triggers the members of the family.


● Victims of rape: In a society where women should be protected, they are being raped. In that case it is the duty of the family to accept such victims but the family feels it as a shame and feels the life of the girl is gone and she is completely useless to the society and the family and thus she would be killed by them.


● Inter-caste marriage: Marriage done by the victim with another person of the different caste brings down the caste of the party who seek their caste as their soul and important than their member of the family. In such case, the member who is of higher caste would kill the victim than living by lowering their caste. In case where the victim is of lower caste, and the caste is the heart and soul of their prestige, they do not care about the victim and would kill them despite of the fact that they belong to their family. Not only their family members become the victim the other party with whom they want to live also becomes a victim.

Honor killing is definitely a serious and heinous crime.