Life of a student in Kota | Hostel life in Kota

Life of a student in Kota

Kota is the 2nd largest city located in Rajasthan state in India also known as the hub of education all over India. Many JEE and NEET aspirants each year take admission here, having hopes of getting selected and get admission in IIT, NIT, or AIIMS.

The coaching institutes like Allen, Resonance, Motion, Vibrant, Nucleus and many institutes are popularly known to provide quality education to the students.

I am eligible to talk about life in Kota because I have been there for 2 years and can discuss all the cons and pros of the city.

Hostel life in Kota:

As soon as you take admission to the desired coaching institute, your parents would search for a good hostel. I will be very honest, the price of the hostels is very high to afford. Hostel life, in the beginning, is quite fun but soon you start realizing that people are extremely selfish and will always try to trick you and make you not study. They would study all day and won’t attend you and will start enjoying your quality time of studies. It is on you that how soon you admit that and be aware of such kinds of people. Apart from this hostel life is better in many ways, you get a good circle and if a get a good friend then that will better for you to start your group study.

Coaching schedule in Kota:

The coaching schedule depends on the batch you are mainly it varies from 9 am to 5 pm. Students get adversely affected by the hectic schedule and are always running for marks. Institutes also provide a small canteen for students during break time. In the beginning, you would be allotted a normal batch, and your marks in the future will decide which batch you attain later. The highest qualified batch also called the star batch which is attained only by students who get qualified in the batch shuffling test. These star batch students get better teachers than normal batch students which is quite a hard competition for average students.

Food quality in Kota:

The meal served in hostels is not so good mainly it is simple food which is not liked by most of the students. But don’t worry there are many open messes available and you can pay them if you want to skip your hostel meal. Thursday and Sunday are considered as special meal days in most of the hostels which provide idli, dosa, uttapam, sweet dish and many more.

kotahostel

 

Holidays in Kota:

Students get weekly off from all the classes mainly Sunday, but if a teacher is running out of syllabus, he may schedule an extra class even on Sunday (that is sad). Festival holidays are not given here except Diwali (5-10 days) when all the students run to their homes after long. Raksha Bandhan holiday is also given which is just for 1 day and it is not possible to travel if you belong from a different state.

Distractions in Kota:

I want you to read this part very carefully as I have dealt with how the distraction process goes in Kota. Students here are extremely selfish and would never want to give their a minute to you and if you come between their studies they will make distance from you, this is about studious people. Talking about more than 65% of students in Kota who are involved in many toxic things and mind my words they can distract you as well. The problem is that students get enough freedom in the new city and in the absence of their family they get easily influenced by their friends. Distraction in Kota includes getting into relationships, making friends, or involving with friends who consume drugs, alcohol, and whatnot. What you need to realize is to stay away from these types of friends and make some quality friends who take their studies seriously.

All the best students who are going to Kota for their studies always be confident, stay in touch with your family and share every problem that arises before you. Remember parents sent you with hopes and they will help you in every possible way.

Hope it helps!

How to make money on Instagram | Instagram strategies to earn

How to make money on Instagram

I am delighted if I caught your sight through the headline buy hey that is true you can earn so much via Instagram and I am here to guide you through the Instagram algorithm and strategies.

Instagram strategies to earn

There are 2 types of business you may be deciding to land on.

  • To market your products to sell your product
  • To be a blogger and recommend products that the organization has asked you to sell.

These are the two probabilities of how you can make money Below are the essentials that will help you to get started. Read all the instructions wisely and start implementing them to your Instagram account.

Instagram

 

  1. Selling your products:

If you have to get sales done by selling your product online the procedure is as follows.

  • Make your Instagram account giving it the user name that defines your company/store and set your logo as a former step to get started,
  • Reach out and ask your friends, family, and people you know to follow you.
  • Post your updated products mentioning their description in the caption area while not forgetting to keep your clients updated on new upcoming products on your story.
  • Ask your clients to dm(direct message) you or directly comment on the product they need to buy and from here you can start.

This was all about selling products online through Instagram which is all free to use, your task is just to engage more people by following you. Just the only thing to keep in mind is asking people to provide feedback to your site which you can surely provide in the description and always try to better take their feedback seriously.

  1. Blogging:

You can start being a fashion, food, or travel blogger. Set up your profile and start posting daily about what you do all day, what you eat, how you work,  this is all to generate more followers. The more real followers you gain, the more the brands would reach you. If you write some blogs on your website so don’t forget to put that in your bio and ask people to read that as well. While you keep blogging you can also sell your own products and mention the link that people can access and buy the product.

Reach out to more number people:

This always remains a major issue, I have some points that you must follow while continuing to manage your profile:

  • Use hashtags(#) that belong to your field.

Example: If you are a food blogger, you can use , #deliciousm #yummy #indianfood #chinesefood #desifood #mumbaifood #chocolates, etc… and you can simply search these hashtags on Google and use them in your caption for better reach of your particular field.

  • Tag people in your post, it may be influencers or the organization you are targeting to reach you for the brand promotion.

Tips for Instagram followers:

  • Do not use fake techniques available on the internet or on youtube to gain fake followers because doing so will probably make you unhappy in the end.
  • Be genuine with your content and people will slowly reach out to you.
  • Add Instagram with your other social accounts so that maximum people can join you and can follow you easily.
  • Share your Instagram link to all the WhatsApp groups available and ask your friends too to share them as well.

Keep creating your content and share updates on your Instagram stories and don’t forget to share about your background stories, trust me people will get connected to you soon.

Soon brands will reach you out and will ask you to add for their brand and will pay you the desired amount what is your responsibility to have the same spirit till last and manage to get engagements to your account.

Hope it helps!

 

Reading Books | Benefits of reading books

Reading Books

Reading books is considered one of the best hobbies. It not only provides knowledge but apart from this it also develops the way we see the world. Keeping our minds active and develops the thought process of a human. Books can be storybooks, encyclopedias, biographies, novels, or any coursebook. An individual can find books from libraries or any bookstore. It develops our thoughts to providing us knowledge.

Benefits of Reading Books:

There are multiple reasons why you should start reading book, some of them are enlisted below:

book

  1. Develops your vocabulary:

Books will be very helpful if really wish to improve your English along with learning new words. Spending daily reading 2 pages are advised. Imagine if you even start learning 2 new words daily then at the end of the month you will remember 60 new words which really developing your brain. I still remember when I was indulged in reading Alchemist written by Paulo Coelho (foreign writer), as it was my first book I was reading I found it tough to get myself with the understanding of the new words which were almost coming in every new line. Ah! But thanks to the dictionary which helped me to cover my book.

Here are some points you should remember while reading your book:

  • Underline the new words, and write their meaning behind them (in case if the word repeats, then you know its meaning)
  • Make a small diary where you can involve all the new words you got from the book, and remember revising it in a day or two.

 

  1. Increases focus:

Yes, you read that right books are helpful in increasing our focus. How do you feel if you are reading a book deeply and someone starts interrupting you? You would definitely be in anger but still will ignore and shift to any other place where you can start reading again.

 

  1. Develops good communication:

Reading books can genuinely build good communication skills among the reader. Learning new words and implementing them in your daily life will not only improve your English skills but also repeating those sentences will tell you that how can you start using new words and form multiple sentences in different ways.

 

  1. Reduce stress:

A calm place, a good book, and a comfortable seat (maybe a bed, if you love reading before sleeping), what a deadly combination. According to studies and research, it is found that reading books will gradually reduce your stress and the main reason is that you forget and dive deep while reading. Doesn’t matter if it is a fictional book or any other, you start feeling the book and start relating it with your life.

 

  1. Keeps your mind engage:

If you are bored during your vacations, or you are at your work just finding time to read your favorite book is not only fun and entertaining but also engages your mind. Yes, Books do keep your mind engaged. You never know what you learn while reading. You develop good communication, new words, and most importantly you develop good patience. Keeping our minds engage while having fun is all that a good reader understands.

 

Tips while reading a book:

  • Remember to underline new words as discussed prior.
  • Star mark the column or the sentence which you find helpful.
  • Using paper clips and bookmarks is considered a good habit to be a good reader.
  • Use a highlighter to highlight the cream sentences throughout the book.
  • Keep revising what you have read.

 

Books are considered humans best friend, if you are going through bad times and couldn’t really understand that how can you overcome through it, then reading could solve your problem. Find some good libraries near you or buy a good book from any book store, or from any online store. Surprise you are a friend by gifting a book he/she always wanted to read.

 

Books give a soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, and life to everything

Business Development | Skills to become a Business developer

Business Development

The work of forming strategic opportunities for a business or the place you are working at is known as Business Development. It includes giving ideas or generating for the company/business to grow. It can be by increasing sales and making a profit to the organization by building strategic partnerships and building business decisions.
I have worked as an intern as a business developer, and my work was to generate sales for the educational organization. Since I was a college student and was confident to get the clients and soon I was hired. I generated 4-5 sales within a span of 1 month and also got paid. As my first internship, I was happy to work as a BD (business developer) and get paid as well. During my internship as a business developer, I worked under an HR (human resource), the work of HR is to recruit skillful business developers, screening and provide training to the job applicants benefiting the company. Working under HR is telling him/her about everyday tasks done to grow the business. I still remember my HR daily used to keep track of all the recruiters and asking them if they made any sales.

Skills to become a Business developer:

1. Firstly a person with good marketing skills can attain this internship/job.
2. Convincing people faster is the ability to get a person to your side and make them do what you ask.
3. Make people trust you, this is a quality of a BD. But yes never lie to your client that he would regret it in the future, be transparent and tell them the pros and cons that are real and not made just for your benefit to get clients.

business developer

Roles of a Business Developer:

1. Business expansion
Remember you get hired only because they saw an ability in you to expand business benefitting them.

2. Get them Clients
The sale means getting them sales who will pay for the services, it may include generating sales by selling courses of the organization profiting the company. Sales are having one-to-one conversations with the clients and asking them to participate in the organization and telling them about all the services they will be getting after they pay for the organization.

3. Client service and experience
This is a very important role that is after you generate clients and get sales done asking about feedback is very important. Asking the client his/her experience is the same as winning the hearts of the client and will also profit you later as it may help you to understand the flaws done before and now you will be sure not to repeat them.

4. Strategic Initiatives
Make strategies, a step-by-step procedure to generate sales and business to grow.

5. Market Development
Market Development includes growing business to the highest extent you can.

6. Marketing
As discussed earlier it is the skill required for you to get into the job of a business developer. Marketing is everything doesn’t matter how big or small a company is, a person with good marketing skills can uplift the organization the way nobody else can.

The goal of a Business Developer:
• To make Business better.
• Generate revenue profit from market
• Compete with other businesses
• Business expansion

How much do Business developers earn?
The average salary for a business developer is 19,925 per month in India.
Also if you have the capability to grow the business more your salary could be up to 1.5 lakh/month
A career as a business can be tough and challenging but with time you learn all the tactics and realize that the work all depends on your skills.

Turn your career in a better way:

Do not wait for the other opportunity and grab if you really think you deserve to be a good business developer. Apply to internships on Internshala and many online platforms like Internshala and gain experience to learn how the work is done which will help you to attain a good business developer job at a good salary.

All the best!

The river that fought

The Whanganui River in New Zealand is a treasured natural wonder and has deep spiritual significance to New Zealand’s Maori people. It is the country’s longest navigable river and is known as the Rhine of New Zealand. It is also legally a person.

In 2017, The Crown officially recognized the Whanganui River as a legal person after New Zealand’s longest-running legal battle. For the Whanganui tribe, the river holds great importance, both as a nurturer of life and as a deity.

Whanganui River - Wikipedia

The river basin is home to several settlements of the Whanganui tribe with its fertile basin and shining waters. The tribe has deep connections with the river and views it as a giver of life. This relationship is comparable to that between a mother and child. Therefore, just as a child has the responsibility to care for their parent, the tribe sees the well-being of the river as its responsibility.

After colonial settlement, the right of the tribe to care for this river was violated, and this continued to be the case even after its independence.

Thus in 2017, the Treaty of Waitangi settlement gave guardianship of the river to the Whanganui tribe.

This move has helped the river thrive and has given it the right to sue anyone who infringes upon its well-being.

Following this example, the Te Urewera Park was also granted legal personhood.

Thus by empowering nature, not only are we preserving the environment and securing a better future, but also protecting the heritage of marginalized communities.

Given the state of our planet, the time to act is now. Policy measures go a long way and giving nature legal personhood will put us on the path of conservation.

Women claim she has been kidnapped 52 times by aliens

Women claim she has been kidnapped 52 times by aliens

Aliens have always been an interesting topic all over the world. Getting to know about other planets and the existence of weird-looking creatures having different appearances and capabilities. Many news has also reported that they have better technologies and that is the reason we don’t really can guess what are they? We have heard about 100’s of rumors about the existence of aliens. Some people say they have seen aliens, some say they met them and some explain that they have seen alien’s footprints. Well discussing all this and guessing how much are these rumors true is not our cup of tea but yes what if these rumors are true? Do we believe them?

For years this rumor remained doubtful and an interesting topic.

This is an article about Paula Smith from London who proved the existence of aliens and the story behind how she saw them, what was different in them from us and many such queries.

Who is Paula smith?

Paula is a 50-year-old woman from Bradford region London who was born in the year 1976. She claims that she had been kidnapped by aliens about 52 times. She was first kidnapped in 1982 when she was a 6-year-old little girl. She described how aliens used to take her through UFO and used to show Paula their technologies which are far more different from what we have presently. She told that their technologies and the devices they use are way more advanced than ours. Paula said that she has seen mobile phones which they use and which were invented before our technology didn’t even found. Paula presently a grandmother of two and now she finds the right time to tell everyone about it.

What do Paula’s parents say about aliens?

Paula’s parents agree to the fact that from childhood Paula remained missing for about 5-6 hours and it was all because aliens used to take her in UFO in that interval.

She said that during the interval of 5-6 hours, she remained in the UFO.

Does society believe Paula?

No, nobody believed her and even society started calling her that she has become mentally ill. To make them trust Paula made a sketch on paper of how aliens look, she showed a blackish sign present on her hand and explained to people that this bruise was made by aliens on her skin. Paula has faith that many people have experienced this and appealed to them to join her and share everything about it and make people trust that aliens do exist and she is not alone to experience all this. She says that people don’t come and tell about what happened to them out of fever which is weird and they should definitely come and share the world.

paula with her mark and picture she drew

Experience of Paula’s UFO journey

She described that she has been kidnapped 52 times and no alert or warning was given to her and was always kidnapped all of a sudden. She always took that in a common way or otherwise she would have gone mad. She was taken in the UFO where she was shown with their latest technologies which we still don’t have. She also told that aliens have the capability to change the color of the sky and the river which they showed to her. Aliens also showed her a slideshow that was more like a film described that how the earth is coming to end due to human temptations.

Scientists still keep on checking the signals of the areas of how UFO used to enter the earth’s space. We still have many doubts in our mind that where do they come from, which planet do they belong to? And it remains a big confusion for many.

Incitement – call to act

Invest in getting better. The quickest way to take back your power and gain full control over your life is to take responsibility over the things that you’ve attracted. Instead of blaming others or pointing fingers at others ,ask yourself what lesson is this situation or circumstances here to teach you.

 

Since energy is everything , nothing is a coincidence.Your thoughts , emotions and beliefs are sent out to the environment to attract to yourself what you think and feel. When a situation presents itself and you’re not happy with it,you don’t have to blame what’s happening. Rather ,bless where you are at by being thankful for what it has taught you and be open to ways you can evolve from it. This will automatically empower you to attract better experiences because you are not a victim. Eveything around you is energy. The alignment you attract in the physical is a match to your mental/inner reality. If you don’t like what you have attracted upto this point,don’t point fingers at the circumstances. These are just results of your thinking.

 

You should never blame anyone or anything for what you have attracted,that just weakens your personal power to take responsibility for your life. Instead ,focus back on your thoughts,beliefs and ideas you have about this world! What is that little voice in your head constantly saying? What emotion are you always holding? Your state of being is constantly gravitating everything towards us. You can’t keep asking for particular relationship and hold a negative view on love , you can’t keep asking for financial freedom and hold a negative view on money! See, it’s not what we say we “want” but the belief we have about it.

 

Everyone desires a change, but to become better you have to start doing the self work which is owning your life. You start by letting go of all the resentment, could haves, should haves, or what went wrong in your past. Once you become detached from the noise and own your power, you now have the opportunity to increase your vibration to attract experience you want.

The better you become the better you attract! Everything starts with you!!

Railways delivers more than 15, 284 MT of Liquid Medical Oxygen to various states so far

Indian Railways has so far delivered more than 15 thousand 284 Metric Tonnes of Liquid Medical Oxygen (LMO) in more than 936 tankers to various states. Ministry of Railways said that 234 Oxygen Express have completed their journey so far and brought relief to various States. Oxygen relief by Oxygen Express reached out to 14 states including Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Telangana, Punjab, Kerala, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. The first Oxygen Express to Assam with 80 Metric Tonnes of LMO reached Assam yesterday.

Oxygen Express has been delivering more than 800 Metric Tonnes of LMO to the nation every day now.

Railways has mapped different routes with Oxygen supply locations and keeps itself ready with any emerging need of the States.

India’s daily COVID positivity rate declines to 11.34 per cent

India’s daily Covid 19 positivity rate has decline to 11.34 per cent from 24.83 per cent which was reported on May 10. The positivity rate has decline by around 55 per cent in just 14 days.

India also recorded the highest number of Covid tests conducted in a single day with more than 21.23 lakh tests in the past 24 hours.

Talking about the COVID vaccine distribution across the country, Centre announced that more than 21.80 crore vaccine doses have been provided to states and Union Territories so far.

Out of the total vaccine doses given to states and UTs, the total consumption stands at over 19.90 crore, including the wastage, government said.

It also said that more than 1.90 crore COVID vaccine doses are still available with the states and UTs to be administered.

The daily rise in coronavirus cases in India remained below the 3 lakh-mark for the seventh consecutive day, with 2.4 lakh new cases recorded in a single day.

The active cases further reduced to 28,05,399 comprising 10.57 per cent of the total infections, while the national COVID-19 recovery rate improved to 88.30 per cent.

Centre to decide on CBSE Class 12th Board exams by 1st of June; states asked to give their feedback by tomorrow

The Centre will examine suggestions received from various State Governments this week and convey further information in this regard to the students by or before the 1st of June.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh yesterday chaired a national consultation to discuss conduct of Class 12 exams and professional courses entrance exams.

The discussions were held on two issues.

The board exams to be conducted for Class 12th by the Central Board of Secondary Education and other State Boards and the All-India Entrance examinations for various higher education institutions and professional courses.

Various options regarding the methodology, process, duration and timings of the exams were discussed.

During the meeting, Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank said the entire country has come together to ensure the safety and academic welfare of the students and smooth functioning of the education system.

He expressed confidence that the government will be able to arrive at an informed, and collaborative decision regarding Class 12 board exams and remove uncertainty among students and parents.

Mr Pokhriyal said that despite challenges posed by Covid-19, the Government has left no stone unturned to successfully bring education to online mode.

The Minister discussed the importance of the Class 12th board exams and the All India Entrance exams in shaping the future and defining the careers of students.

He said keeping in view the present circumstances, government decided to cancel the CBSE Board examinations of Class 10th and evaluate through internal assessment but Class-12th examinations are very important to decide the future of a student.

He also expressed his gratitude to the Defence Minister for giving his time and valuable suggestions relating to the exams.

He thanked Union Ministers Smriti Irani and Prakash Javadekar for attending the meeting.

While summing up, Mr Rajnath Singh thanked all the participants for putting forth their positive suggestions on the proposals for conducting examinations.

He requested States and UTs to submit other suggestions, if any, to the Ministry of Education by 25th May.

Centre to decide on CBSE Class 12th Board exams by 1st of June; states asked to give their feedback by tomorrow

The Centre will examine suggestions received from various State Governments this week and convey further information in this regard to the students by or before the 1st of June.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh yesterday chaired a national consultation to discuss conduct of Class 12 exams and professional courses entrance exams.

The discussions were held on two issues.

The board exams to be conducted for Class 12th by the Central Board of Secondary Education and other State Boards and the All-India Entrance examinations for various higher education institutions and professional courses.

Various options regarding the methodology, process, duration and timings of the exams were discussed.

During the meeting, Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank said the entire country has come together to ensure the safety and academic welfare of the students and smooth functioning of the education system.

He expressed confidence that the government will be able to arrive at an informed, and collaborative decision regarding Class 12 board exams and remove uncertainty among students and parents.

Mr Pokhriyal said that despite challenges posed by Covid-19, the Government has left no stone unturned to successfully bring education to online mode.

The Minister discussed the importance of the Class 12th board exams and the All India Entrance exams in shaping the future and defining the careers of students.

He said keeping in view the present circumstances, government decided to cancel the CBSE Board examinations of Class 10th and evaluate through internal assessment but Class-12th examinations are very important to decide the future of a student.

He also expressed his gratitude to the Defence Minister for giving his time and valuable suggestions relating to the exams.

He thanked Union Ministers Smriti Irani and Prakash Javadekar for attending the meeting.

While summing up, Mr Rajnath Singh thanked all the participants for putting forth their positive suggestions on the proposals for conducting examinations.

He requested States and UTs to submit other suggestions, if any, to the Ministry of Education by 25th May.

PM Modi reviews preparations to deal with Cyclone Yaas; asks officials to ensure safe & timely evacuation of people from high-risk areas

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has directed all concerned departments to ensure timely evacuation of those involved in off-shore activities in view of Cyclone Yaas which is expected to cross West Bengal and north Odisha coasts on Wednesday evening.

He also instructed officers to work in close coordination with states to ensure safe evacuation of people from high-risk areas.

Mr Modi took a high level meeting yesterday to review the preparedness of States and Central Ministries and Agencies concerned to deal with the situation arising out of Cyclone ‘Yaas’.

He spoke about the need to ensure that time duration of outages of power supply and communication network are minimum and are restored swiftly.

The Prime Minister also asked officials to ensure proper coordination and planning with state governments to ensure no disruptions in Covid treatment and vaccination in hospitals.

Mr Modi directed officials that advisories and instructions on do’s and dont’s during the cyclone be made available in easily understandable local language to citizens of the affected districts.

He spoke about the need to involve various stakeholders like coastal communities, industries, etc by directly reaching out to them and sensitising them.

During the meeting, India Meteorological Department, IMD informed that Cyclone Yaas is likely to intensify into a “very severe cyclonic storm” and is expected to cross the Odisha and the West Bengal coasts on Wednesday evening with the wind speed ranging 155 to 165 kilometers per hour gusting to 185 kilometers per hour.

It is likely to cause heavy rainfall in the coastal districts of West Bengal and north Odisha.

IMD has also warned of storm surge of about 2 to 4 metres in costal areas of West Bengal and Odisha.

The Prime Minister was informed that the Cabinet Secretary has taken a meeting of National Crisis Management Committee on Saturday with Chief Secretaries of all the Coastal States and UTs and Central Ministries and Agencies concerned.

Home Ministry is reviewing the situation 24×7 and is in touch with the State Governments and UTs and the Central Agencies concerned.

NDRF has pre-positioned 46 teams which are equipped with boats, tree-cutters, telecom equipments etc. in 5 States and UT.

In addition, 13 teams are being airlifted today for deployment and has kept 10 teams on standby.

Indian Coast Guard and the Navy have deployed ships and helicopters for relief, search and rescue operations.

Air Force and Engineer task force units of Army, with boats and rescue equipment, are on standby for deployment.

Seven ships with Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Units are on standby along western coast.

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has taken measures to secure all oil installations in the sea and to bring back their shipping vessels to safe harbour.

Ministry of Power has activated emergency response systems and is keeping in readiness transformers, DG sets and equipments etc. for immediate restoration of electricity.

Ministry of Telecom is keeping all the telecom towers and exchanges under constant watch and is fully geared to restore telecom network.

Health Ministry has issued advisory to the Sates and UTs, likely to be affected, for health sector preparedness and response on COVID in affected areas.

Ministry of Port, Shipping and Waterways has taken measures to secure all shipping vessels and has deployed emergency vessels, Tugs.

The meeting was attended by Home Minister, Amit Shah, Principal Secretary to Prime Minister, Minister of State for Home, Cabinet Secretary, Secretaries of Ministries and Departments of Home, Telecommunications, Fisheries, Civil Aviation, Power, Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Earth Sciences, Chairman Railway Board, Members and Member Secretary of NDMA, DGs of IMD and NDRF and senior officers of PMO and Home Ministry.

Cyclone Yaas to make landfall at north Odisha – West Bengal coast between Paradip and Sagar Island on Wednesday evening

The depression over the East Central Bay of Bengal has intensified into a deep depression. It is likely to deepen into a cyclonic storm today and further into a very severe cyclonic storm by tomorrow. Indian Meteorological Department has said that it may cross North Odisha-West Bengal coast on Wednesday.

According to the IMD, it now lies centred at about 540 kilometres south- south east of Paradeep in Odisha. AIR correspondent reports that backgrounded against the preliminary cyclonic forecast of a wind speed between 120 to 165 kilometres per hour, heavy to very heavy rainfall between 250 to 300 millimetres and accompanying storm surges between 3 to 4 metres, the Odisha Government is ready with all the preemptive and preparatory plans to face the probable cyclone, should the landfall happen anywhere near the North Odisha coast.

While primacy would be given to prompt evacuation of vulnerable people in vulnerable places , including those living in low lying areas, the government has also made adequate arrangements for cyclone shelters with necessary logistics, focus is also being made to ensure the smooth functioning of covid-19 facilities  in the areas likely to be affected by the impending cyclone. Meanwhile, 22 NDRF, 66 ODRAF and 177 fire fighting teams are already in position for rescue relief and restoration operations.

There is Chance of heavy rains and storms across the Gangetic West Bengal including Kolkata.

The meteorological office has banned fishermen from going to sea from this evening.

The state administration is fully geared up to deal with the cyclone. The Unified Command Agency will start work from today.

Army-NDRF-BSNL officials along with Public Works Department and CESC officials have formed a special team to deal with the disaster.

On the other hand, various cyclone centers have also been set up in coastal areas.

Already many people have been evacuated to safer places. The district collector of East Midnapore held a review meeting to deal with the cyclone.

Coastal areas are being monitored by drones and 32 NDRF teams have already reached the state.

Coronavirus Vaccines Highly Effective against B1.617.2 Variant

Coronovirus vaccine is highly effective against B1.617.2 variant, revealed by a Study in UK: A new study was conducted by some health officials in UK. It shocked everyone with its results. For the first time, it has revealed that the two doses of coronavirus vaccines are highly effective against the B1.617.2 variant i.e. the variant which was primarily reported in Maharashtra, India. It has also been referred as a double mutation variant throughout the world.

Coronavirus vaccine

Coronavirus Vaccines effectiveness against B1.617.2 Variant: 

As said by PHE (Public Health England) “The Pfizer or BioNTech vaccine was about 88 per cent effective against symptomatic COVID-19 from the B1.617.2 variant of concern (VOC) two weeks after the second dose, the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine was 60 per cent effective against symptomatic disease from the B1.617.2 VOC.”

However after a single dose of jab of vaccine, it was not much effective against VOC found in India. It’s effectiveness was 33% only.

As per Matt Hancock, the health secretary of UK, “This new evidence is groundbreaking – and proves just how valuable our COVID-19 vaccination programme is in protecting the people we love,”. 

He further said that “It’s clear how important the second dose is to secure the strongest possible protection against COVID-19 and its variants – and I urge everyone to book in their jab when offered, I’m increasingly confident we”re on track for the roadmap because this data shows the vaccine after two doses works just as effectively, and we all know that the vaccine is our way out of this”

As per the reports from analysis, the effectiveness of vaccine after two doses of jab is same in B1.617.2 variant as in the variant which is currenty present in UK. PHE (Public Health England) expects that the results will be more better in future and will be more effective against hospitalizations and deaths.

PHE also revealed that the difference in effectiveness between the vaccines after two doses could be explained by the fact that the second doses of AstraZeneca was rolled out a bit later than the Pfizer vaccine. The other data on antibody profiles showed that it usually takes longer to reach maximum effectiveness with the AstraZeneca vaccine.

A statement was also given by the vaccine deployment minister of UK, Nadhim Zahavi that “Today’s data is astounding and a true reflection of just how important it is to get both your jabs when offered. I encourage all those offered an appointment to get their jab booked in as soon as possible and take full advantage of the high levels of protection the vaccines bring”

PHE believes that since there are very less cases and insufficient follow up periods, it is taking longer for them to estimate the effectiveness of coronavirus vaccine against the B1.617.2 variant, but they  believe that they will definitely be able to evaluate this in the future. They estimate this not only in the case of variant primarily reported in India but also in the case of other variants which are being reported from different parts of world.

SOIL DEGRADATION

 

 The nation that destroys its soil, destroys itself

~ Franklin D. Roosevelt

What is soil degradation-

Soil degradation is the decline in soil condition caused by its improper use or poor management, usually for agricultural, industrial or urban purposes.

Causes of soil degradation-

The loss of farm land has been caused by a number of factors,

many or most of which are tied to human development. The primary causes are:

·         Deforestation

·         Overgrazing

·         Overexploitation for fuel wood

·         Agricultural activities

·         Increased flooding

·         Industrialization.


The following figure illustrates the relative sizes of the causal mechanism as a function of region


          On the global basis, the soil degradation is caused primarily by overgrazing (35%), agricultural activities (28%), deforestation (30%), over exploitation of land to produce fuel wood (7%), and industrialization (4%).

 

The main reasons for unproductiveness or degradation of soils are as follows:

1. Nutrient disorder

2. Water-logging

3. Salinity

4. Erosion

5. Biological degradation

6. Other causes

Impact of Soil Degradation:

The following are the impacts of soil degradation:

 

1. Degradation leads to reduction in crop yield in the affected lands and a possible decline in cropping intensity.

2. In extreme cases, soil becomes unfit for cultivation.

3. Silting of drainage, canals, rivers and reservoirs results in increased floods and droughts.

4. In some cases farmers use more fertilizer inputs to compensate reduced soil productivity while in other cases, they use excess fertilizers.

5. The rate of siltation in many water reservoirs are significantly high. According to Central Water Commission (1991), nearly 11 per cent of the total capacity of water reservoirs has been silted.

6. Soil degradation has several adverse impacts on the environment. It affects global climate through alterations in water cycle and energy balances and disruptions of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles.

The estimated annual loss of different crops due to soil degradation ranges from Rs. 89 billion to 232 billion which represent a loss of 11 to 26 per cent yield.

Control of erosion-

(Adapted from ACS Distance Education 2009)

As erosion is caused by the effects of wind and water, control methods are generally aimed at modifying these effects. The following list describes some of the most common control methods:

·         Prevention of soil detachment by the use of cover materials such as plants.

·         Crop production techniques (e.g. fertilizing with organic fertilizer), to improve soil characteristics and promote plant growth and hence surface cover.

·         Ploughing to destroy rills and contour planting to create small dams across a field, to retard or impound water flow.

·         Filling small gullies with mechanical equipment or conversion into a protected or grassed waterway.

·         Terracing of slopes to reduce rates of runoff.

·         Prevention of erosion in the first place by careful selection of land use practices.

·         Conservation tillage methods.

·         Armoring of channels with rocks, tires, concrete and timber to prevent bank erosion.

·         The use of wind breaks to modify wind action.

·         Ploughing into clod sizes too big to be eroded, or ploughing into ridges.

Conclusion-

People can be a major asset in reversing a trend towards degradation. However, they need to be healthy and politically and economically motivated to care for the land as subsistence agriculture, poverty, and illiteracy can lead important causes of land and environmental degradation especially in Zambia which has inadequate laws and policies aimed directly at preventing land degradation.