Defending champions Portugal, led by Cristiano Ronaldo, will take on world’s top-ranked team Belgium in their round of 16 match
Christiano Ronaldo and Romelu Lukaku will face off each other today in the much awaited knockout game of the tournament. Ronaldo is the Euro’s leading scorer after netting five times in the group stage while Lukaku, who is in the form of his life, is lurking behind the Portugal captain with three goals. Juventus forward Ronaldo is also just one goal away from breaking Ali Daei’s all-time international goalscoring record of 109, which he equalled with a brace against France in the European champions’ final Group F game.
The pair will take on each other at the Euro after doing battle in the Serie A scoring charts last season, with 36-year-old Ronaldo being crowned ‘capocannoniere’ after scoring 29 times in a difficult season for Juventus.
However Lukaku pipped Ronaldo to the league’s player of the season award last campaign despite scoring five fewer goals as he played a key role in Inter Milan winning their first league title in over a decade.
Both teams will have their work cut out to reach the July 11 final at Wembley with Italy, who squeezed past Austria on Saturday, and either world champions France or Spain the opponents in the next two rounds if they get beyond the last 16.
However Portugal coach Fernando Santos is “firmly convinced” his side will come out on top in the clash in Seville.
Speaking about Belgium, the coach of Portugal’s football team said “Belgium has a lot of strengths, especially the knowledge they have of each other for having been together for such a long time. Everything flows naturally. They already know where everyone is without having to think about it “
Players to watch out for in today’s big game –
1. Romelu Lukaku (Belgium) – There are a lot of players who have the ability to single-handedly change the outcome of games for Belgium. But the player who usually ends up finding the back of the net for the Red Devils is their striker, Lukaku. He is expected to be the dangerman Portugal need to watch out for.
2. Pepe ( Portugal) – Pepe is the bedrock of Portugal’s defense. In the ongoing Euro 2020, he has recovered more balls than any other Portugal player and has also won two tackles in three games thus far. His experience makes him one of the key players for Fernando Santos. Pepe will be given the huge task of keeping Belgium’s Romelu Lukaku when the two teams lock horns on Sunday
3. Kevin de Bruyne( Belgium)– He is a player who possesses the ability to do it all on the pitch. He is great from set-pieces, can score with either foot, create chances out of nothing and has the presence of mind to know when to shoot and when to pass.
4. Eden Hazard ( Belgium)- With the kind of experience, Belgium captain possess it will be difficult for the Portugese defenders to contain him and refrain him for providing assists to their strikers.
5. Christiano Ronaldo ( Portugal)– The Juventus star’s drive and dedication towards being the best player in the world is unparalleled. At the business end of tournaments, like the Round-of-16 clash against Belgium at Euro 2020, Ronaldo tends to up the ante, something the Red Devils will have to be wary of.
Founded in 2015, the platform was initially introduced as a YouTube channel by Gaurav Manjal back in 2010. With its primary headquarters residing in Bengaluru, Unacademy is India’s biggest learning platform which brings together expert Educators for millions of students who are in the requirement of enhanced quality education.
The Unacademy app is available not only for 10+2 students but also for college applicants who are qualifying for competitive exams like CAT, GATE, UPSC, etc.
Unacademy’s Progress
Unacademy offers over 2,400 lessons, covering subjects from a variety of competitive examinations. The platform currently comprises thousands of online educators as well as over 250 million total views for their YouTube videos. As the online learning platforms rise in importance the platform will definitely only continue to grow.
INITIAL BEGINNING
Unacademy initially began as a YouTube channel that offered free education for whoever visited its channel. When some extent, its founders began considering the prospect of bit by bit monetizing their expedited services leading to the birth of Unacademy, an official learning platform that offered free classes.
COURSES ON UNACADEMY
Unacademy offers courses for all popular entrances such as UPSC, SSC and bank exams, railway exams, defence exams, JEE and NEET preparation, State PSC, NET exams, GATE, ESE and IIT-JAM, NEET PG, TET exams, Management & Foreign Studies, CA, CS & Law exams, CBSE and Personal and Skill Development
Conclusion
Backed by major massive companies like Facebook, Amazon, General Atlantic, and redwood Capital, Unacademy has been fending well for itself. At this stage, the platform holds associate degree optimum chance to require its business to larger heights, equipped with a team that’s driven to form the simplest out of its on market resources.
Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice (Published in 1813) is considered to be a classic in literature. It has often been glossed over as a romantic novel and though it is concerned with human relationships, especially of romantic ones, Austen focuses a great deal on wealth and class. Her infamous opening quote in itself is a testament to the fact that she consciously criticized the influence of money in a society.
“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.”
Jane Austen (Chapter 1)
Pride and Prejudice is set in Regency England, which was a time of great political unrest and economy volatility. This was mainly due to the shift of the economy from an agrarian one to that of an industrial one. Until then, people were only mainly concerned about food and other primary needs. But the industrialization paved for more materials in the market like clothes, utensils, etc. So more the commodities, the more people wanted money to spend on such items. Thus, the need for money increased, and in the Regency England, being a gentleman was considered more important than merely being rich. And the concept of a gentleman relied highly on inheritance and people wanted to be rich without working for it.
Austen has taken care to include details of each character’s money and their economy backgrounds. The richer characters include people like Bingley who receives €500 per annum and is clearly rich enough to host balls take care of his sisters’ needs. Georgiana Darcy is said to inherit €30,000 pounds and will remain well-to-do even if she is denied legal inheritance of property. Mr. Darcy on the other hand, is a modern equivalent of a multi-millionaire who gets up to €10,000 per year and would get more from his investments. The middle-class characters include Mr. Bennet who receives approx. €2000 per year and would even be considered an upper-middle class. Mr. Wickham inherits €1000 from Darcy’s father and even more from Darcy for leaving the clergy. Although he spends it all and goes into debt, Darcy pays him again to marry Lydia. The Bennet girls on the other hand, would receive only a maximum of €40 per year until the death of their father, after which, their land would legally go to their cousin. Thus, the Bennet sisters had to marry for survival and not just to uphold class. When Elizabeth rejects both Darcy and Mr. Collins, she’s taking a huge risk by choosing happiness over financial security.
Fitzwilliam Darcy
€10,000 per year + more
Georgiana Darcy
€30,000 inheritance
Charles Bingley
€5000 per year
Rich Characters
Mr. Bennet
€2000 per year
George Wickham
€1000 inheritance
The Bennet Girls
€40 per year
Middle Class Characters
Austen also criticises material obsessions through characters like Mr. Wickham and Mrs. Bennet who obsesses despite not being rich, through Caroline Bingley who is pretentious and through characters like Catherine de Borough who exploit their wealth for status.
One of the criticisms against the novel is also that it unconsciously puts out the idea that you need to be rich and have money to be happy. Elizabeth who marries Darcy is happy, Jane who marries Bingley is happy, Charlotte who marries Mr. Collins is not too happy and Lydia is unhappy as she is doomed to pay off Wickham’s debts for the rest of her life. Nevertheless, the Pride and Prejudice’s detailed treatment of money adds to the novel’s realism.
In the era of women empowerment and the fight for equal rights for women, women are becoming independent and know their rights.
Pandita Ramabai is known to be the first feminist and the first women to voice up women rights in India.
She was one of the greatest women of modern India.
Ramabai was an outspoken champion of women’s rights and social reform.
She had given the titles of ‘Pandita’ and ‘ saraswati’ conferred on her by the residents of Calcutta in recognition of her intellectual attainment where she was also introduced to the social reform by Brahmo Samaj.
She married to Bipin Behari, (Shudra ) and broke the tradition.
After the death of her husband and daughter, she managed for higher study on scholarship.
There she came in contact with Christian missionaries and was impressed by their progress outlook.
She decided to convert to Christianity along with her very young daughter.
On her return to India, she was actively engaged in social work , particularly for the rehabilitation of Hindu Widows of the high caste, as their condition was particularly deplorable.
In this effort , she received financial assistance from Christian missionaries who were largely interested in the conversion of Indians to Christianity .
In this process, She became the target of criticism from Hindu Brahmins as well as Christian missionaries.
Returning to Maharashtra, Ramabai experienced her first public encounter with the forces of patriarchy when she set up the Arya Mahila Samaj in 1882 in Poona to mobilise women and aroused instant hostility .
“ She brought out a book in Marathi , Stree Dharma Niti with the Objective of counselling the helpless and ignorant women”.
In 1889, Ramabai established her Mukti mission near Pune as a refuge for young widows who were maltreated by their families.
In 1919, she was conferred the ‘ kaisar-e-Hind’ award for her social reform activities, one of the highest awards that an Indian could receive during British Raj. In 1989, Government of India issued a commemorative stamp in her honour.
Pandora Ramabai’s important writings includes :-
Stri Dharma Niti ( Morals for Women )(1882)
The High-Cast Hindu women(1888).
Ramabai on Motherhood
Pandora Ramabai observed that the normative structure of upper – cast Hindu patriarchy defined the fulfilment of her life solely through her role as a wife upper–cast
Indian women themselves saw the significance of their existence in accomplishing the role of mother and wife.
The major contestation in Ramabai’s educational and missionary activities was that of patriarchy.
Holi is also known as the “festival of colors” in which people celebrate the day. They throw and splash the colors over friends and family. It is celebrated in the spring season of the year. It is celebrated every year by all people across the country, no matter what their faith or race is. The quality of colors are some things that bring a heap of positivity in our lives. Holi is the festival of colors. Holi is a known Hindu festival celebrated in each part of Bharat with utmost joy and enthusiasm.
HISTORY OF THE FESTIVAL
The ritual starts by lighting up the bonfire in the future before the day of Holi. This process symbolizes the triumph of excellence over the bad. On this day people play with colors with their friends and families. In the evening, they show love and regard to their close ones and celebrate it by distributing sweets. According to Indian mythology, Holi is celebrated on the occasion of the demolition of the demoness Holika by Lord Vishnu. Holika was the sister of Hiranyakashipu. Hiranya kashipu thought himself to be god and ordered others to worship him as god. He thought that no one could beat him. He also thought that he was immortal. He would kill anyone whoever didn’t follow him because of God. Hiranya kashipu had a son named Prahlad who didn’t follow his father as a god.
Due to this reason Hiranyakashipu tried to kill Prahlad. On the other hand, Prahlad idolized Lord Vishnu. Holika had an extraordinary power that she didn’t get burned from the fireplace — once wearing a unique garment. Thus, Hiranya kashipu created an idea to kill Prahlad. He planned to keep Prahlad within the lap of Holika and make her sit in a burning fire, as a result Prahlad will be burnt to death in fire. It’s believed that it had been the firm religion of Prahlad. In Vishnu, that caused the garment to hide Prahlad.
Later, Lord Vishnu appeared within the sort of Narsingh and killed Hiranya kashipu together with his claws by putting him in his lap so that the people were free from the demoness Holika and demon Hiranya kashipu. And from that day they celebrated the occasion by smearing the ash of Holika over one another. In this way the festival Holi originated. People play with colors on the day of Holi; they eat sweets and celebrate. These bright colors represent our feelings. Kids have the foremost fun at this festival by playing with colors. Balloons stuffed with colored water, pichkaris, and buckets full of colored water.
HOW IT IS CELEBRATED
On the day before Holi, we celebrate Holika Dahan. People collect wood and put fire in it. Then we celebrate it by singing songs round the hearth from that woodpile. It is dedicated to honour the myth of burning Holika and the protection of Prahlad from that fire. There is no Holi without colours. In this festival we throw colours upon one another. This is the primary means of celebrating Holi. Since Holi is known throughout the start of the spring season, the colors symbolize the recent harvest and fresh fruits and vegetables that are about to be harvested that season. The vibrant colors used to celebrate Holi’s essay in English welcome the spring season. And nothing will boost our energy state because of the bright colors.
At night people light the fire. People supply crude coconut and corn to the fireplace. The second day is the celebration of shading or “Dhuleti,” celebrated by sprinkling hued water and applying hues to at least one another. Dwarka, a dry land town of Gujarat, observes Holi at the Dwarka dheesh sanctuary and with broad satire and music festivities. Barsana, a neighboring city Mathura within the Braj scene of state. They celebrate lathmar Holi within the rambling compound of the Radha rani sanctuary.
Thousands of people accumulate to look at the lath Mar Holi once women beat up men with sticks. As those on the side-lines finally, end up insane. Everyone sings Holi melodies and yells “Shri Radhey” or “Sri Krishna.” Several foreigners visit India throughout the time of Holi to experience our culture.
Since children are thus excited about throwing colors on others, they’ll find themselves hurting others. Each festival includes a purpose. We must always celebrate it in an exceedingly good method and maintain the spirit of the festival. Holi festival is an image of our nation, and since everybody widely knows. Holi, despite caste and creed, it shows to the globe nations; yet, united we are. Holi festival brings people even a lot of firmly and makes them happier.
Structure could be a data organization, management, and storage format that allows economical access and modification. additional exactly, an information structure could be a assortment of information values, the relationships among them, and therefore the functions or operations that may be applied to the info.Python has four basic inherent information structures specifically Lists, Dictionary, Tuple and Set. … Lists: Lists in Python square measure one amongst the foremost versatile assortment object varieties on the market. the opposite 2 varieties square measure dictionaries and tuples, however they’re extremely additional like variations of lists.Data structure provides the proper thanks to organize data within the digital house. the info structure could be a key part of engineering and is essentially employed in the areas of computing, operative systems, graphics, etc The data structure isn’t any artificial language like C, C++, java, etc. it’s a group of algorithms that we will use in any artificial language to structure the info within the memory.
To structure the info in memory, ‘n’ range of algorithms were projected, and every one these algorithms square measure called Abstract information varieties. These abstract information varieties square measure the set of rules Types of information Structures There square measure 2 kinds of information structures:
The primitive information structures square measure primitive information varieties. The int, char, float, double, and pointer square measure the primitive information structures that may hold one price.
Non-Primitive organization
The non-primitive organization is split into 2 types:
Linear organization Non-linear organization Linear organization
The arrangement of information in an exceedingly serial manner is understood as a linear organization. the info structures used for this purpose square measure Arrays, joined list, Stacks, and Queues. In these information structures, one part is connected to only 1 another part in an exceedingly linear type.
When one part is connected to the ‘n’ range of components called a non-linear organization. the simplest example is trees and graphs. during this case, the weather square measure organized in an exceedingly random manner.
We will discuss the on top of information structures briefly within the returning topics. Now, we are going to see the common operations that we will perform on these information structures. Data structures may also be classified as:
Static information structure: it’s a kind of information structure wherever the scale is allotted at the compile time. Therefore, the utmost size is mounted. Dynamic information structure: it’s a kind of information structure wherever the scale is allotted at the run time. Therefore, the utmost size is versatile. Programiz
Search Programiz DSA emblem Programiz
Learn DS & Algorithms Tutorials A computer virus could be a assortment of directions to perform a particular task. For this, a computer virus may have to store information, retrieve information, and perform computations on the info.
A information structure could be a named location that may be wont to store and organize data. And, associate degree rule could be a assortment of steps to unravel a specific drawback. Learning information structures and algorithms permit North American nation to jot down economical and optimized laptop programs.
Our DSA tutorial can guide you to find out differing types of information structures and algorithms and their implementations in Python, C, C++, and Java.
DSA Introduction What is associate degree algorithm? Data Structure and kinds Why learn algorithms? Asymptotic Notations Master Theorem Divide and Conquer rule
Data Structures (I) Stack Queue Types of Queue Circular Queue Priority Queue Deque Data Structures (II) Linked List Linked List Operations Types of joined List Hash Table Heap organization Fibonacci Heap Decrease Key and Delete node from Fibonacci Heap Tree based mostly DSA (I) Tree organization Tree Traversal Binary Tree Full Binary Tree Perfect Binary Tree Complete Binary Tree Balanced Binary Tree Binary Search Tree AVL Tree Tree based mostly DSA (II) B Tree Insertion into B-tree Deletion from B-tree B+ Tree Insertion on a B+ Tree Deletion from a B+ Tree Red Black Tree Insertion in Red Black Tree Deletion from Red Black Tree Graph based mostly DSA Graph organization Spanning Tree Strongly Connected elements Adjacency Matrix Adjacency List DFS rule Breadth-first Search Bellman Ford’s rule Sorting and looking out Algorithms Bubble type Selection type Insertion type Merge Sort Quick Sort Counting type Radix Sort Bucket type Heap Sort Shell Sort Linear Search Binary Search Greedy rules Greedy Algorithm Ford-Fulkerson rule Dijkstra’s rule Kruskal’s rule Prim’s rule Huffman Code Dynamic Programming Dynamic Programming Floyd Warshall rule Longest Common Subsequence Other Algorithms Backtracking rule Rabin-Karp rule
Why Learn DSA? Write optimized and ascendable code – Once you have got data concerning completely different information structures and algorithms, you’ll verify that organization and rule to settle on in numerous conditions. Effective use of your time and memory – Having data concerning information structures and algorithms can assist you write codes that run quicker and need less storage. Better job opportunities – information structures and algorithms queries square measure commonly asked in job interviews of varied organizations as well as Google, Facebook, and so on. Interview queries
are you able to make a case for the distinction between file structure and storage structure? File Structure: illustration {of information|of knowledge|of information} into secondary or auxiliary memory say any device like disk or pen drives that stores data that remains intact till manually deleted is understood as a file structure illustration. What is associate degree array? Arrays square measure the gathering of comparable kinds of information hold on at contiguous memory locations. It is the best organization wherever the info part will be accessed willy-nilly simply by exploitation its fact. however could be a stack completely different from a queue? In a stack, the item that’s last another is removed 1st whereas in queue, the item least recently another is removed 1st. What is hashmap in information structure? Hashmap could be a organization that uses implementation of hash table organization that permits access of information in constant time (O(1)) complexness if you have got the key.
Artificial Intelligence refers to the intelligence of machines. This is in contrast to the natural intelligence of humans and animals. With Artificial Intelligence, machines perform functions such as learning, planning, reasoning and problem-solving. Most noteworthy, Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence by machines. It is probably the fastest-growing development in the World of technology and innovation. Furthermore, many experts believe AI could solve major challenges and crisis situations.
Types of Artificial Intelligence:
First of all, the categorization of Artificial Intelligence is into four types. Arend Hintze came up with this categorization. The categories are as follows:
Type 1: Reactive machines – These machines can react to situations. A famous example can be Deep Blue, the IBM chess program. Most noteworthy, the chess program won against Garry Kasparov, the popular chess legend. Furthermore, such machines lack memory. These machines certainly cannot use past experiences to inform future ones. It analyses all possible alternatives and chooses the best one.
Type 2: Limited memory – These AI systems are capable of using past experiences to inform future ones. A good example can be self-driving cars. Such cars have decision making systems. The car makes actions like changing lanes. Most noteworthy, these actions come from observations. There is no permanent storage of these observations.
Type 3: Theory of mind – This refers to understand others. Above all, this means to understand that others have their beliefs, intentions, desires, and opinions. However, this type of AI does not exist yet.
Type 4: Self-awareness – This is the highest and most sophisticated level of Artificial Intelligence. Such systems have a sense of self. Furthermore, they have awareness, consciousness, and emotions. Obviously, such type of technology does not yet exist. This technology would certainly be a revolution.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence:
First of all, AI has significant use in healthcare. Companies are trying to develop technologies for quick diagnosis. Artificial Intelligence would efficiently operate on patients without human supervision. Such technological surgeries are already taking place. Another excellent healthcare technology is IBM Watson.Artificial Intelligence in business would significantly save time and effort. There is an application of robotic automation to human business tasks. Furthermore, Machine learning algorithms help in better serving customers. Chatbots provide immediate response and service to customers.
AI can certainly make education more efficient. AI technology can discover the needs of students. Then it can adapt according to their needs. AI tutors provide study help to students. Also, AI can automate grading which results in saving a lot of time.AI can greatly increase the rate of work in manufacturing. Manufacture of a huge number of products can take place with AI. Furthermore, the entire production process can take place without human intervention. Hence, a lot of time and effort is saved.Artificial Intelligence has applications in various other fields.
These fields can be military, law, video games, government, finance, automotive, audit, art, etc. Hence, it’s clear that AI has a massive amount of different applications.To sum it up, Artificial Intelligence looks all set to be the future of the World. Experts believe AI would certainly become a part and parcel of human life soon. AI would completely change the way we view our World. With Artificial Intelligence, the future seems intriguing and exciting.
Gender equality – When the term is said, we immediately start thinking of men and women and the differences between them in our society. Do we think of other genders? Do we know how many genders are there apart from male and female? No or maybe few. But the actuality is there are different genders of people living all over the world. Without being aware of this, we just speak only about males and females or transgender at times. When we speak about the difficulties faced by them, are we also adding the opportunities and recognition they got along with this? No. It is our responsibility to give equal importance to the good and bad in our society. So, let’s try to understand the myths and facts about the some more commonly known genders – male, female and transgender.
MALE AND FEMALE
I would like to start with the good changes in society for women that are left unrecognized most of the time. Starting with the change in family backgrounds, we had certain roles and responsibilities to be played, as men should work in the outside world, and women were stereotyped to carry out household chores in the olden times. But now we live in the era where both men and women work in the corporate world and share the household responsibilities equally. So, no longer there exists a male chauvinistic society. Still, we talk about the olden scenario rather than the reality. Talking about social development is as important as raising a voice for the differences.
Moving on to the traditional differences, I already said women are stereotyped to play certain roles which are being criticized as a major difference. But the reality is women are said to carry out household chores as they are the physical exercises a woman can do. Those days there were no corporate jobs. All the men had to do physical work which women couldn’t carry out and she shouldn’t do as it affects her uterus. This was the scientific reason behind the traditional practices. And again, this is also misinterpreted as women are made to sit in their houses.
The next one is about male-dominant domains – Women emerge and maintain their place in every field making every domain equal for both genders. They work in prominent roles in the so-called male-dominant domains such as Army, Navy, Airforce, and many more. Still, certain fields come under the dominance of men even after women laid their step into it. For example, they have already started driving autos changing the tag “male dominant domains”. But we recognize this as their special talent than treating them equally. All men and women are equally bestowed by the lord and there is nothing special when a woman does the same a man does.
TRANSGENDERS
Coming to the transgenders, the myth is they are not given enough support and chances to prove themselves. But the fact is they are provided with opportunities to showcase their talents. The difference is between whether they utilize it effectively or not. They are persons like Kalki Subramaniam who changed her identity from transgender to an entrepreneur cum inspirational speaker and some individuals are asking alms from the people in public places instead of standing on their legs.
So, many such good things are happening around in our society. We should feel proud and accept the changes taking place rather than complaining blindly. NGOs are working for different genders other than the above-mentioned to grant the place they deserve in society. It all depends on how we perceive them. Let us look deep into them and together build a better society.
We often feel low, especially during the pandemic. We cannot go out and have fun nor can we physically go to school or work. Yes, the situation is slowly getting better with the distribution of vaccines but it is still a lot to take on our mental health.
So, here are some things you can do in your own house and instantly feel better:
Taking a long hot bath: Our skin releases endorphins in response to warm water. This is why you must have noticed that before taking a shower we tend to be lazy and don’t feel like taking it but once we are in the shower we don’t plan on coming out.
Make your shower more fun by listening to songs and lighting candles. If you are someone who has a bathtub you can add bath bombs, bath salts, flowers, etc. If you don’t have a bathtub you can use a shower melt which is like a bath bomb but for showers.
Treat for the skin: Now that we are done with our bath. It is time for treating our skin. Doing a small activity like applying a face mask or exfoliating your skin would make you feel good. This will also hydrate your skin and remove the excess oils from it. We often feel great after doing skincare because our skin feels great and we feel relaxed.
Getting ready: just because we don’t have anywhere to go doesn’t mean you can’t look good at home. An issue I faced in the lockdown was not being able to get ready as often. Getting ready is more than just looking good, it also makes us feel more confident. So, wear a good outfit, even if you plan on staying home.
Make the environment cozy: we have to stay in our house most of the time during the pandemic. So, find any place in your house and turn it into your spot. You can decorate it by putting on fairy lights and wallpapers. You can then read your books there, paint or watch movies.
You can also switch things up in your house, move in some furniture or decorate the house. You can do this by adding pictures, posters, or paintings to your walls. You can also add in some indoor plants. Making the house look more lively will automatically brighten the mood. It will also give you a nice change because we are bored seeing the same four walls of our house.
Meditate: we often hear how effective meditating is but we never really try it on our own. Listen to calm music while you meditate. Even doing this for 3-5 minutes will make you feel good.
Cook: I am aware that not everyone is good at it. So, you can try making simple things like a mug cake. It is fun and eating it would brighten your mood.
Watch something light: when you are feeling low I would not recommend watching anything serious. Watch something which will instantly give you light laughter, and improve your mood.
Talk to your friends: during the pandemic, we cannot meet our friends, so video call them instead. Trust me there is nothing better than talking to friends. Whenever I talk to my friends over a video call, it not only brightens my mood up but I keep laughing the entire time. So, call the people who instantly lift your mood.
According to United Nations, about 1 billion people all over the world come under the category of “disabled” and that is 15% of the global population. Now, the question is, shall we as a society neglect 15% people in the world just because they happen to be in minority?
Media being one of the crucial facets of society has a major role to play when it comes to disseminating information and making people aware about significant and ignored issues. Now, let us go through what media has done to represent people with disabilities and their issue since the beginning of the pandemic.
1) Disability and Broadcast Media
A Look: Public Broadcasters of various countries
In 2020, the World Federation of the Deaf noted that 80 governments in the world have been providing sign language interpretations while Covid-19 press briefings.
For example, in order to curb Covid-19 pandemic, South Korean government aimed to strengthen the ways disabled people could be informed during the pandemic and other related disasters. The country’s public broadcaster KBS during the pandemic announced that it would work to expand the reach of information in its disaster countries. During the pandemic, the public radio in the country had continued to provide programmes dedicated to disabled community with daily news and health updates and general life advice.
When it comes to India’s public television broadcaster Doordarshan and public radio-All India Radio, very minimal representation of disabled community took place during the pandemic. Even though the objective of the these broadcasters is social welfare, disabled community was one of the most ignored ones as “no special programmes” were held for this community, nor was their issue highlighted specifically anywhere. News Bulletins with sign language were held for the disabled community though. More has to be done to ensure social inclusion of all communities including the disabled ones.
Private Broadcasters: nothing matters, but profits!
Media all over the world, including the Indian ones either portray disabled people as “nothing” or “everything” and both of them are dangerous. In 2019, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting in India directed the private channels to include special schemes for disabled community. Although some channels have started news bulletins for disable people but there was almost equal to zero representation of the disabled community during the pandemic.
There should be open space for the disabled community such as they should be invited for panel discussions and debates relating to different happenings in the world from politics to entertainment and like.
Digital Media: A hope in every way!
This is probably the best when it comes to serving and representing the disabled community during the pandemic. Digital and online media were the perfect mediums through which disabled people got proper spaces to talk about the issues they were facing during the pandemic.
One of the online apps called “News Hook” became increasingly popular among the disabled audience which used sign language specifically for the audience with hearing impairment. It covered headlines relating to technology, politics, entertainment, business and sports during the pandemic. It should also be noted that 65% of the staff here were from the disabled community.
Moreover, web portals of Indian Newspapers like The Indian Express and The Business Standards and many more gave enough of space to the disabled people so that they can talk freely about the issues they faced during the lockdowns.
The same above mentioned media channels also used platforms like YouTube to sensitise the audiences regarding the hindrances faced by the disabled community. Some reporters and even famous YouTube personalities covered the terrible times disabled people in India went through during the pandemic.
It should also be noted that online media was comfortable for disabled people as well as the medium is now more easily accessible with good quality content and also because of its low price rates.
Media, especially the mainstream media should be more responsible and sensitive in dealing with issues relating to the disabled community. More representation about the disabled community should take place in the mainstream media. Disabled people “aren’t incapable” and therefore they should be given proper employment in the media. They should be engaged and involved in live discussions and debates. Together, as society which includes the media we should create an environment which is inclusive, anti- discriminatory and diverse.
Gaming, a word which is shifting its meaning specifically towards electronic games. The technology is becoming more accessible. Internet prices are becoming low. And this field is becoming more and more familiar.
THERE ARE TYPES OF GAMES
Arcade game: These type of games are typically seen in malls, refreshment parks and restaurants. These are usually coin operated. Pinball machines, videogames and electromechanical games are some of the games you might have seen. They have short levels in games with simple controls. players will rent the games to play. popularity of these games decreased with introduction of PC games.
Console game: This type of game will provide interactive multimedia experience through a display device. A handheld control device is used to play games. Computer runs the game`s software. These games may come in a disk or can be downloaded directly from the internet. These are also played in specialized computers.
Cloud game: This game resides on the company server instead of the users device. The gamer only have to install the client program. The client program will access the server to play games. These games will not require large storage and and processing power to play. The provider can also easily update the game.
POPULAR GENRES IN GAMES
Action games: Action games challenge the player`s physical capabilities like reflexes, hand and eye coordination, reaction time etc. These will have a great visuals to treat the player as well as give a punch of adrenaline rush while playing. They deliver a unique experience to the player. Innovations in these genre are frequent and dominating the other genres.
Sports games: This genre is present since the beginning of the gaming culture. Traditional physical sports are simulated here. The opposite team is controlled by Bots or by artificial intelligence. Some games will have actual sport tactics and rules. FIFA series is the best example to give here which has a record as fastest selling game.
Adventure games: These games involve storytelling themes with action and great visuals. These visuals take gamers on an adventure. Action-adventure games are also developed. The games will have adventure tasks like item collecting, puzzle-solving and explorations. The legend of Zelda is a good example for this genre.
Role playing games: These games showcase visually rich 3D experience. The gamer plays or controls a fictional character which goes on a quest. There will be a fantasy world for the character. The tasks assigned to the character are done by the gamer.
Simulation games: These games will create a simulation about the tasks of the real world or something near to that. These games try to copy various activities from the real life. These can be used for training analysis or prediction. These games will have more freedom of action within the game. sim city is an simulation game.
Battle royale games: This genre puts the player in exploration, scavenging and survival of the players character. This involves dozens of hundreds of players. Players start with minimal equipment and go on exploring and eliminating others. Winner is the last player to be alive. PUBG the game which took the gaming world with a storm is of this genre.
CAREER AS PROFESSIONAL GAMER
Gaming was once restricted to recreational purposes. But now this taking a form of a stable career. As it is a budding industry and not everyone is familiar with this field. But the professional side is picking up quickly. A professional gamer in India can earn between 5000 rupees to 45,000 rupees per month once they tie up with the e-sports company. Obviously the paycheck will depend on the performance and skills.
To become a gamer professionally one should find motivation and interest in playing e-sports. There are plenty of games out there but which game you are choosing to master on will also matter. Anyone who can play a game will not become a professional gamer. To be a professional gamer you have to practice the game you have to make a career in day and night. play and replay the levels so that you will master the levels. Participate in competitions happening around and get noticed by the e-sport companies. Make your own team and become a pro player.
Playing games is a fun task and a successful career from will be more fun. There are many gaming streamers in YouTube platform and game play has become one of the major content. Future will have more professional gamers and a big E-sports community will be built. There is no doubt that younger generations are obsessed with these games and we will definitely see E-sports as a mainstream sport throughout the world.
I was moved to tears by the thought that from being nobody the night before, I had become somebody.
– Milkha Singh
The beginning
He was an athlete , an army officer and a proud citizen . He won for his motherland and inspired many . Yes , he was an inspiration and served for his nation .
He was born in November 20,1929 in Govindpura , Punjab ( present – Punjab , Pakistan ) . He was one of his 15 siblings from whom 8 died during the partition . In early age , he moved to Delhi , India in 1947 .
He wasn’t interested in army or becoming one but wanted to prove himself and others that he can be the one . It was his forth attempt when he gained access and introduced to the athletic later .
He once said that “I came from a remote village, I didn’t know what running was, or the Olympics”. And that’s where he started his journey as an athlete .
Medal awards and Popularity
With many Olympic , National and International awards . Rather than his award Milkha Singh was quite popular in media . His powerful aura worked from sports men to the Ministry .
Later in his life he married Nirmal saini , a former captain of Indian women volleyball team and had three daughters and a son .
He became Director of sports in Punjab Ministry of Education and was awarded with Padmashri in 1959. He also turned down Arjuna award in 2001 by saying that it was to be awarded to younger atheletes rather than him.
An inspiration
As an athlete , he inspired young aspirants who want to become from Nothing to Something . He shared his ideas that before his first game he was just a runner but after he earn first postion he became Something from Nothing .
” I was moved to tears by the thought that from being nobody the night before, I had become somebody. “
-Milkha singh
He also co- wrote his biography with his daughter “THE RACE OF MY LIFE ” in 2013 . Which inspired “Bhaag Milkha Bhaag ” an autobiography film in 2013 . A trust had been founded for the poor and needy sports people in 2013 due to the recognition of film .
A day of loss
On June 18th ,2021 , we lost one of the legendary Indian icon , an ace of athlete due to the post covid – complication . “We are deeply indebted to the doctors at PGI for their valiant efforts and the love and prayers we received from across the world and from yourselves,” – statment given by his family .
PM Narendra Modi pay a tribute to MILKHA SINGH in his monthly radio program ‘Maan ki baat’ . He urged India to cheer and motivate for forthcoming Tokyo Olympics .
He said “When talking about the Olympics, how can we not remember Milkha Singh Ji. When he get hospitalized, I got a chance to speak to him, I had requested him to motivate the athletes going for Tokyo Olympics”
We lost one gem of our India but we didn’t lost his contribution to his motherland . He has given a lot and it’s our time to remember what gave to us .
A market is said to be an arrangement between buyers and sellers to exchange goods or services for money. A stock exchange is a highly organised market ,where listed securities are bought and sold under a code of rules and regulations.
A stock exchange Market is also known as a ‘security exchange or ‘, ‘security market ‘ or ‘share bazar ‘.
It is an organised market for the purchases and sale of industrial and financial securities or where financial instruments like stocks, bonds and commodities are traded.
It is a platform where buyers and sellers come together to trade financial tools or securities , adhering to SEBI’s well-defined guidelines. SEBI’s responsibility is to ensure that the securities market in India functions in an orderly manner.
” A stock exchange is an association of persons engaged in buying and selling of shares , stocks , debentures and bonds for public on commission and are guided by certain Rules and usages “ …….. Dr. K.L Garg
” A stock exchange is an organised auction market where buyers and sellers come together through their brokers ,to effect transactions in securities admitted to listing on the exchange and unlisted securities for which a market is maintained “ ……… Charles W. Gerstenberg .
” A stock exchange is a marketplace where securities that have been listed thereon ,may be bought and sold for either investment or speculation “ …….. W.Pyle .
” Stock exchange means a body of individuals ,whether incorporated or not , constituted for the purpose of assisting ,regulating and controlling the business of buying , selling and dealing in securities .” …….. Securities Contracts ( Regulation ) Act , 1956
The stock market is a market where exchange of regular activities of buying, selling, and issuance of shares of publicly-held companies take place.
Key meaning :-
• it is an organised market where securities are purchased and sold • transaction takes place between the members or their authorized agents on behalf of the investors. • securities refer to shares , stocks , debentures and Government bonds . • Securities are traded in a stock exchange in a systematic manner for investment . • only listed securities are traded in a stock market. • functions on the basis of rules and regulations. •It is managed by the Board Of Directors elected by the shareholders . • brings a huge amount of capital necessary for the economic progress of a country .
Names and locations of stock exchanges in India :-
At present there are 24 recognised stock exchanges in India .
The major stock exchanges in India :-
1: Bombay ( Mumbai ) Stock Exchange :- This stock exchange was formed on 13th December , 1887 in the name of Native Share and Stock Brokers Association . It is a non – profit making voluntary association . It is organised and controlled by Bombay Securities Control Act . The rules and regulations of this exchange are its own and approved by the Government of Maharashtra.
2: Calcutta ( Kolkata ) Stock Exchange :- This stock exchange was set up in the year 1908 at Royal Exchange place , Calcutta . In 1923 , it was registered in the name of Calcutta Stock Exchange Association Ltd. with 300 members . It is a public company limited by shares .
3: National Stock Exchange ( Greater Mumbai ):- This stock exchange was recognised by the Central Government on 26th April , 1993 . The object of its establishment was to convert the exchange market into a professional market . It provides security (i.e , shares , debentures , bonds , etc.) trading facilities at the national level through satellite communications systems .
This stock exchange was established in 1992 . It has been promoted jointly by ICICI , UTI , IFCI , IDBI , SBI , GIC ,LIC , Capital Market Ltd. and Canara Bank Financial Services Ltd. These institutions are the sponsor members of this exchange. Its head office is in Mumbai . It has four regional offices at Kolkata , Delhi , Chennai and Mumbai . It helps smaller companies to raise funds at low cost .
There are two types of stock exchange market investment :-
Primary market – Primary market creates opportunities for the issuer to issue shares and bonds , and acts as a market where companies meet their investment requirements . The companies enlist their shares for the first time in the market and sell their shares through an Initial Public Offering or IPO.
Secondary market – The secondary market is a trading market platform for investors or issuers , and is also known as the stock market. It is a market where shares of a company are traded after being initially offered to the public in the primary market by the help of brokers or agents . It is a market where buyers and sellers meet directly.
Functions and Services of a Stock Exchange:-
Stock exchange renders the following services :-
1: Services to the Investors :-
• Investment guide :- Stock Exchange periodically publishes the quotations of listed securities. Investment can decide about purchase and sale of securities on the basis of stock exchange and quotations . Thus , the investors can get the maximum benefit from their investment.
• Liquidity of Investment :- Stock Exchanges are ready and continuous markets for purchase and sale of securities .The securities can easily be converted into cash as the needs of the investors arise .
• High Collateral Value of Listed Securities :- Listed securities in any stock high collateral value . These securities are preferred by rational investors . The securities of such companies can be sold easily . The investors have no fear of risk while trading in listed securities.
• Better use of Capital :- The prices of shares reflect the profitability and efficiency of the company concerned . A stock exchange helps the investors in choosing good companies for their investment .
• Protection from Bad deliveries :- Securities in the stock exchanges are listed after the proper scrutiny . It prevents the trading of false and duplicate securities .
2: Services to corporate sector
• Wide market for new securities :- A stock exchange serves as a sales counter for new securities . Once a company gets listed in a stock exchange, it’s shares are traded freely in that exchange . Therefore , a company can raise a huge amount of capital from different types of investors.
• Increasing Goodwill of the company:- The shares of only those companies are listed in the stock exchange which are financially sound . Therefore , listing of shares adds to the goodwill and credit standing of a company.
• Transfer of Securities at suitable prices :- In the event of a merger or amalgamation ,the company whose securities are listed ,is in a better position than the company whose securities are not listed.
• Assist development of companies :- A stock exchange is an essential adjunct of companies for quick capital formation . It provides a wider and a ready market for the secur of companies . It ensures higher bargaining power to companies in the event of further expansion and merger.
• Knowledge about future investment :- Companies can get relevant information regarding trends of investment , investors choices and priorities etc., From the stock exchange on a regular basis .The companies can plan their future issue of capital on the basis of such information.
3: Services to Society :-
• Capital formation :- A stock exchange provides good investment opportunities to investors .It promotes the habit of savings and investment.
• Industrial Development :- A stock exchange helps to mobilize public savings for the economical development of the country.This leads to industrial and commercial development .
• Utilizing scarce capital for productive purposes :- Idle lying funds can be invested in securities on account of stock exchange .
• Useful to Government :- The government plays a vital role as an entrepreneur in the promotion and management of commercial and industrial enterprises . A stock exchange helps the Government in raising sufficient funds for rapid industrial growth .
Operators In A Stock Exchange
Stock market operators are market participants who form a organise stock securities purchases and sales .
Generally found operators:-
Broker :- A broker acts as a link between the investors and the jobber . He is a commission agent of buyer or seller of securities . A broker charges commissions from both the buyers and the sellers. He does not specialize in any particular security .He assists in buying and selling all types of securities .
Jobber :- Jobber can sell and purchase securities in his own name . He is a professional operator . He gets no commission for his service. His income is the profit in purchase and sale of his securities. The service of a jobber is both useful for both the investors and the stock exchange.
Speculators in Stock Exchange
On the basis of Zoological characters , speculators are of four types :-
• Bull
In India , bull speculator is known as ” Tejiwala “. The stock market is called a ” bullish market ” when there are large numbers of bulls speculators . A ‘bull’ is an optimistic speculator who buys securities with the exception of a rise in their prices . He makes purchases of Securities to be sold in future at a higher price to make profit .
• Bear
In India , a ‘ bear ‘ speculator is known as a ” Mandiwala “. When a stock market has large number of bears ,it is known as ” bearish market “. A bear speculator expects a fall in the prices of securities . He sells securities with the hope of buying the same at a lower price before the date of delivery.
• Stag
A ‘stag ‘ is a ” premium hunter “. He never holds securities as a permanent investment. He issues shares by the new company on the basis of their issued prospectus .He sells these shares at a premium soon after the allotment is made . The premium earned became his profit.
• Lame & duck :- A ‘lame-duck’ is a bear speculator struggling against the difficulties involved in meeting his commitments. He struggles like a duck to purchase shares so that he may deliver the same to another party . He is a bear speculator who is in no position to find shares .
Trading procedure in a Stock Exchange.
Trading in stock markets means the transfer (in exchange for money) of a stock or security from a seller to a buyer. This requires these two parties to agree on a price.
Procedure :-
• Selection of a broker • Placing the order • Executing the order • Preparing the contract note • Final settlement.
Something which kept me quite on to the edge was the reading journey taken up by Ann Morgan. It was quite wonderful of her to take up such a wonderful opportunity. As someone who loved to read I felt myself more closer to her perspective. I was able to identify myself with her and the way she spoke and carried herself, the more I noticed, the more I realized her idea of the world.
The fact that we can understand a person by looking at their book shelf was a quite a point, Because we are what we read upon. What we encounter and read enhance us. They make us who we are. The socialization and books make us realize our potential. A good book is worth a good friend because it moulds you into a better version of yourself.
Reading about various things under the sun and not just sticking to one genre is very important for a reader. He/she must be ready to break the barriers and go beyond their comfort zone because it is only when we explore, we learn about the unknown and hidden and the voiceless. These are very important, because what the world need is a good reader because a good reader knows the world better than anyone else. The person will be objective and not subjective. A good reader knows the bias and learns to be impartial and be more open to the world. They know the difference between empathy and sympathy.
What Ann Morgan stresses again is that fact that if we need something so badly, then the whole world will be with us. Just like how Paulo Coelho said in Alchemist that if we really want something then the whole world will conspire. She brings in and stress some long forgotten words and values.
I hope that more people realize the value of reading in their lives and learn to be better people and change the nation and break away from the stereotypes.
Looking back into the ancient times of the Indian History, we get to see that not only the people fought against the British Rule to free our country but some of them, mostly women, fought within their own community for the rights they were denied and for the wrong customs that were imposed on them.
One of those least known social reformers is AhilyaBai Holkar who came from the village of Choundi in Jamkhed, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Her stories of struggle are very inspiring for every man and woman.
STORY OF AHILYABAI
In the year 1733, MalharRao Holkar was on his way back home from his tour. On his way he decided to stop at the village of Choundi where he came across this young girl offering a prayer at the temple. They did not pass a single word between them. MalharRao Holkar for few minutes just kept looking at the devotion of this young girl. He was impressed by her vity and soon came to a decision that this girl should become my daughter-in-law as he thought that only someone like her could fix his stubborn son.
He came to know that this young girl was AhilyaBai, the daughter of Mankoji Shinde, a scion of a respectable Dhangar Yadav family residing at Choundi of the Beed district, was the Patil of that village. MalharRao wasted no time in securing the consent of Mankoji Shinde and on May 14,1733 AhilyaBai got married to Prince KhandeRao. It was long before AhilyaBai realized that KhandeRao was not an ideal husband. Fortunately, the same could not be said about her in laws. Her father-in-law MalharRao Holkar and her mother-in-law GautamaBai Holkar loved her. MalharRao even offered AhilyaBai to train her in the arts of warfare and statecrafts. AhilyaBai, in spite of everything she learnt and grew, did not give up on Prince KhandeRao. Instead she always used to discuss the things she learnt each day with him. She remained patient through all these times when Prince KhandeRao showed his stubborn behavior but after a long wait her patience finally paid off and now she saw an overtime change in his personality. He started taking active interest in the matters of the kingdom and learnt to first evaluate the things on his own and then listen to the problems of the people. With time his father MalharRao started to feel that he was becoming fit to take over the throne as his responsibility now.
Few years later, AhilyaBai gave birth to her son MaleRao. 3 years later, the couple had a daughter named MuktaBai. Even though she was a mother now, AhilyaBai was solely concerned with the domestic issues of the kingdom. She was an abled ruler in the absence of MalharRao. Her way of approaching the problems brought to her was quite impressive. She used to be way more attentive and patient. She also accompanied her husband and her father-in-law in various military campaigns. During one such campaign in Kumher(1754), a bullet hit her husband from the fort and he passed away. This incident devastated AhilyaBai and according to the norms of the society she was prepared to commit Sati. But MalharRao couldn’t bear to lose both, his son first and now his daughter-in-law. He requested AhilyaBai to change her mind for the sake of her father-in-law and she indeed did the same. Now her only aim was to live for her family and her kingdom.
In the year 1766, MalharRao set on a battle along with Raghu, the uncle of the Maratha leader MadhavRao Peshwa. Away from home MalharRao felt ill and passed away after that. By this time, AhilyaBai was completely heartbroken with the realization that she had lost both the people who would be her backbone and now she is all alone. Bad news didn’t stop here. Soon, her son MaleRao also departed. Her world was totally shattered but she knew that she had no time to grieve now as it was the time for an immediate call. The kingdom was now her responsibility. To the outsiders, the kingdom seemed to be weak and smelling blood they started to plan and conquer the same. But AhilyaBai did not give up and fought against each of them who tried to enter her capital. She appointed TukojiRao Holkar, who was the second son of MalharRao’s nephew, as the chief of her militia. After her first victory in protecting her kingdom she moved her capital to Maheshwar where she build temples, set-up schools and revived the tradition of Maheshwar sarees.
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