Some Stats and Some Truth…

CORONA…CORONA…CORONA…!!!

The most negative word of 2020 is +ve.

Yes, you caught it right the most negative word of the year is +ve, didn’t get?

No worries, It tells that if there is +ve in terms of affected via corona the it is the most worrying and dangerous situation specially if it is in our surrounding. The cities are under great pressure due to novel corona virus. Many of the residents of urban area are now heading towards their hometown as seeking for a safe place, but this can be completely opposite to as there are many chances of delivering novel corona virus with them to their home town without their notice and also threatening their lives as well as of their relatives. So, it will be beneficial as there will be minimum travelling along the country. For a while

“let corona stay out and you stay in”

This are some recent data of COVID-19

Corona virus cases total- 6,850,614

Total death- 398,244

Total recovered cases- 3,351,249

Total active cases- 3,101,121 ( Serious cases- 53,619; stable cases- 3,047,502)

Daily around 125k and more cases are being added to the list and daily around 7.5k deaths are occurred due this powerful virus.

India stands at 6th position with total cases of 236,781; total deaths- 6,649; total recovered cases- 114,073; total active cases 116,059 with serious cases of 8,944 and rest with stable condition. If the same situation will continue without any vaccine than it would become very difficult to even breath.

It is very very important to follow the guidelines given by our government and to maintain social distancing with mask. It is

“Now or else forever situation”

If we fail to follow guidelines of our government than this situation will remain forever and unfortunately we have make social distancing and wearing mask as our part of life. If we are able to follow this for at least till the vaccine are discovered than the coming part of our life can be eliminated, or else we have to live our life with fear of death in every breath.

STAY HOME, STAY SAFE

TECHNO-UTOPIANISM

Technology has been both a boon and a bane for us, we completely rely on technology and the machinery for almost everything be it cooking, cleaning or even passing some free time (leisure).

We have become quite dependent on it and look forward for further technological advancements in the near future. Most of us have started criticising technology for the leisure seeking beings it has made us into, specifically mobiles and laptops, we do enjoy each and every component of technology but somewhere or the other are uncomfortable with the drastic changes it has made in our life.

Techno-utopianism or technological-utopianism is a theory which states that technological advancement will lead to a world of perfection which is free from any kind of flaws or will lead to a world where mankind will find all or any one of the prefect pleasures which life has to offer.

In a techno utopian society which is free from human suffering, humans would be exposed to the best features be it excellent governance for the people or a life which is human friendly, a world free from the pangs of human pain and all the favourable and pleasure seeking components.

Technology is viewed as a saviour and as the life changing development, technology will give the people of the new world a positive outlook and it will be the final game changer and a hope towards a hassle free future. Technology would be worshipped and will be given a positive outlook, be it new developments in various fields like economic development or developments catering to the societal wants or even technological development which makes life much easier to live. The development would be seen in all spectrum that is social ,economic or philosophical areas.

Currently in the twenty first century we are still developing and currently in a stage where we have a long way to go to become completely technologically dependent, we are currently exposed to the least amount of technological resources and we live in the age where a technological revolution is taking place and we can partially say that we are living in a techno-utopian society in the twenty first century.

Technology will be seen as a benediction which would foster growth, fulfil peoples’ wants and will cater to better communication and will strengthen community ties. Due to the technological advancement one will be able to free themselves form the squabbles, the commotion and the tumult which the daily life offers. It will strengthen societal ties and increase the relation between humans (communities).Technology has brought people closer, we have been able to connect with people overseas via video calls and phone calls and other applications.

The one point which is super advantageous is that it will reduce financial inequalities amongst people and will also aid in access to better skills and knowledge, people will be free to express their thoughts and views without any inconveniences. Techno utopianism will eventually change mind sets, we will become open minded human beings and we will also become practical decision makers.Already our lives have become more easier with devices that do our works with just a few clicks be it mobiles, laptops or even the smart T.Vs.

But many critics feel that we will never be able to reach a stage where each idea is fulfilled to call ourselves a techno-utopian world. As to achieve techno-utopianism in a  society which is still developing or underdeveloped it’s an impenetrable and inflexible task. As firstly all the countries don’t have the same requirements, some still hardly have any technological advancements and even if they are exposed to the advancements it would take time for them to adapt themselves in such a techno-savy  society.

Further as new technological inventions are taking place we are looking forward to drastic changes which would just turn the tables and we would be living a smart life with the smart use of super technological devices and advancements.

Abdhi Upadhyay

The Great Chola Empire

The Chola Dynasty is one of the finest and longest-ruled dynasties in India, it was the Tamil Kingdom and has a vast empire, it was first established in 300 BCE during the Sangam period but the real existence was known from Ashoka’s inscription on three great Tamil kingdoms in the southern part of India and it is one of the Three crowned kingdoms in south India along with the Pandyas and Cheras. The Chola dynasty was not during the earlier times i.e., during the Sangam period as the evidence was washed away due to natural calamities and but the known and the first king of Chola dynasty was Vijayalaya who was a feudatory to the Pallava Dynasty and took the opportunity to capture Thanjavur as there was tension prevailing between the Pandyas and Pallavas and Thanjavur was ruled Mutharaiyar a small community and established the Chola dynasty and in the present day of Thanjavur.


The above picture depicts the region occupied by Vijayalaya and after the demise of Vijayalaya his son Aditya I ascended the throne and brought the downfall of Pallavas and defeated the Pandyas in Madurai and annexed some parts of the Kannada territory and had ties with Western Ganga kingdoms. After him, his son Parantaka I defeated Rashtrakuta Dynasty in the battle of Vallava and he also annexed parts of Sri Lanka.
The two great rulers of the Chola kingdom under whom the Chola dynasty flourished in trade, governance, and power were the great Rajaraja Cholan and his son Rajendra Cholan I under whom the Chola dynasty attended the zenith of power.

Rajaraja Cholan

Rajaraja Cholan was born as Arulmoli Varman but changed has to Rajaraja Cholan after ascending the throne in 985 CE and ruled until he died in 1014 CE. He was a great king and an exceptional military solider who expand his kingdom to vast areas. When he ascended the throne the kingdom was relatively small in area and did not have the resources to build the kingdom and was recovering from the Rashtrakuta invasion and Rajaraja Chola was abled administrated and an efficient king who took the task of rebuilding the kingdom and succeeded in it. He restructured the Chola kingdom by taking land surveys and utilizing the resources to great extend and on the military side, he led and successfully captured and annexed various kingdom including Madurai and the Cheran region of parts of Kerala and led an invasion into Sri Lanka and successfully capturing parts of Sri Lanka and captured the kingdoms belonging to Rashtrakuta, Western Chalukyas, Hoysalas, Kalinga and various other kingdoms. He led the successful expedition into the Maldives and this act was deemed as the power of the Cholan Naval Fleet. He was an able administrator and build a powerful and well-structured society and was Succeeded by his abled and fearsome son Rajendra Chola.

Rajendra Cholan I

Under Rajendra Chola, the Chola kingdom was at the power of prosperity and became the most powerful kingdom in the southern region. He ascended the throne after the death of his father in 1014 CE. He led the conquest that his father left for him with the help of his abled and fearsome warrior son Rajadhiraja Chola who is known as Military king as he leads his army from the front and fights along with his soldiers and the other warrior is his commander-in-chief General Senapati Narakkan Sri Krishnan Raman both who was fierce in the battlefield and have helped his father to expand to other parts of Sri Lanka, Maldives, the South-Asia and other regions including Kalinga and some parts of Bengal. He was always supported by his fearsome son Rajadhiraja in every battle and the father-son due ruled the kingdom together, until his death in 1044 CE and was succeeded by his son Rajadhiraja I.

Is unlock 1 is right?

When there is increment in corona patient then our government announced the unlock 1 .The question is what this is right time for unlock 1?

After the announcement of unlock 1 the number of positive patient is increase with very high rate.But the funniest part is that we Indians are not taking it seriously. Currently the number of corona patient is near about 250000 but now our government think about economy of country and releases approx all boundations .And we the public think that corona is no more in India and not taking any precaution and no doubt it is bad for our community.

After the announcement of unlock1 approx all public places are open without any precaution so the number of patients increase with the speed of light.In public places no one follow the rule that is social distancing they meeting with each other as in any festival.Public celebrate unlock as festival and avoiding social distancing.

After unlock1 all religious places are now open and no doubt the number of cases will increase automatically because we know that the social distancing will not follow by our intelligent Indians.

After all the current situation demands a strict lockdown otherwise the result is so bad which we can’t imagine.

Re-evolution 2020?

Why did I end up keeping a question mark at the end of the title? Is it in order to start my introduction with a question mark by questioning the title or which made me to write this sentence. The answer to this question is a question. Indian Education Future turns out to be a question mark and remains to be question for more far. Our future lies in the past and the past remained as a past and hence future will remain as a future. Past shouldn’t be past in order to make future as a future. Past should change so that our future will not change. Our children’s future can be ours but theirs shouldn’t be theirs which will be cycle and makes the future to be seen only in future’s future.

The change to change the educational system should change which is only possible by changing the mind sets of unchanged. This is only possible by changing the methods of bringing the awareness. Education is the only weapon which can change the change(money) of the unchanged.” Uneducated should be treated as a criminal and illiteracy must be treated as a crime which is the only way to increase the literacy rates”. Education should be mandatory which makes them to read since the only option left to them is it. Fear is the thing which wemake them to feel and the rest is automatically done. Fear for benefit will benefit the society. Before they overcome this fear at least they could have finished secondary education. As soon as they realise it, we make them to understand the importance of education. “If you can’t love to study, fear will make it so”. The feelings are different but the feeling is same. To make the future possible we should take action in the present.

Revolutionary decisions must be made in order to bring a revolution else the only thing we hear about it is “sun is revolving around the sun”.The harsh decisions that you take will make them hard and in turn shine like a diamond. Education can bring the change and in turn make the change like a unbreakable chain. If good has to happen then making bad decisions to make it is not at all a bad decision. Severe tax should be impelled on the parents who are not willing to send their children for the study and that tax will be utilised for the education of that child.

Corona Vaccine Update!!!

The situation in the world are very worse and so our hope for vaccine also. Scienticts are trying hard and hard to discover the vaccine. Scientist and pharma industry from all over the world are in danger in terms of health and wealth.

Here are some updates related to corona virus vaccine;

Moderna Therapeutics‘ invented mRNA-1273 vaccine prototypes which is heading towards success with high speed. The vaccine, is currently in its second phase of testing is more likely to be tested ahead on its third phase of clinical testing, Moderna therapeutics plans to involve about 30,000 participants between the ages of 18-55 and those who are at high risk of corona virus. If the trials are successful than it would be much relief for the people all around the world, by the time, Moderna promised to manufacture 100 million doses of the vaccine. The third phase of the testing is most likely to start in July.

Oxford University & AstraZeneca of Brazil which is worst affected country due to COVID-19 are jointly working to develop the corona virus vaccine. Once they tried to develop the vaccine but it failed in testing, now after much of research and time they again got hope and now they are soon ready to begin the trails on humans. To speed up the development of vaccine and minimizing the clinical trial time they are conducting both phase I and phase II trials at the same time.

Serum Institute of India (SII) India is also leading in development of  vaccine it has already tested for 18-55 age but side effects were observed and is again under development and testing. If India is able to development the vaccine first than India will become super nation as India will show to world that still India can do better in health sector and obvious youth is also at great potential so, ultimately it will attract many of the MNCs to India.

How to delete cookies in Android and IOS.

What is a cookie?

First let us know what cookies actually are so a cookie is some sort of a message which is sent by the server to the web browser. It is generally a small piece of mechanism or data which is sent by the website you have visited. It generally stores the information like the items you have added in your shopping cart or when you allow the website to remember your password, the pages you have a visited etc.

How to delete the cookies in various browsers?

Chrome.

Chrome for andriod.

1 – First obviously you have to open the Google Chrome app in your android device.

2 – Then click to the right of your address bar which indicates 3 dots vertically and then select the option of settings.

3- After clicking settings move on to the privacy category and then select “clear browsing data”.

4- After that you can select the column of cookies and delete it permanently.

That’s how you clear cookies in your android device as your browser chrome.

Chrome for IOS.

IOS has somewhat similar process to remove cookies.

  • Firstly open the Google Chrome app on your Apple device.
  • Moving on you have to click the 3 vertical dots on the right of the web address bar and then click “settings”.
  • Then move on to privacy and after that click “Clear browsing data”.
  • Then choose the column of cookies and unselect the remaining columns.
  • Lastly select Done.

Firefox for android.

Let’s see how can we delete the cookies using Firefox in an andriod device.

Click on the menu icon representing the 3 vertical dots located at the top right corner. On older Android devices you’ll have to press the hardware menu key and then tap “More.”

  1. Go to the “Settings” after clicking on menu.
  2. On the settings menu, look for “Privacy & security” and select “Clear private data.”
  3. Then you will proceed to a list of what can be cleared and where you can select “Cookies & active logins.”
  4. Select cookies , tap the “Clear data” button to finally delete cookies.

Firefox for IOS.

  1. Move on to the “Settings” menu.
  2. On the settings menu, click “Privacy & security” and then select “Clear private data.”
  3. Then you will proceed to a list of what can be cleared where you select “Cookies & active logins.”
  4. Then after selecting the right column , tap the “Clear data” button to finalize. deleting cookies.

Safari for IOS.

  1. Move to the Settings menu on your device.
  2. Scroll down to “Safari,” then “Advanced,” then “Website Data”
  3. Tap on “Clear history and website data” to clear cookies it is that simple in this format.

Now regarding the Tablet operating system as it is run on Google Andriod system the process to delete the cook

How to become an Instagram Influencer

With the growing advancements of this digital era, apps like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter have taken over our life in a huge way. Instagram has become one of the most essential and influential apps of today’s world among teenagers and adults who simply find it fascinating as to how the app works and also helps many of them become influencers with thousands of followers. Sounds amazing, right? This article aims at representing the major steps and strategies that should be followed by anyone and everyone in order to become an Instagram influencer in today’s world.


1. Stick to a Genre.


Choose the genre/ subject that your instagram account would be based on. If you have a fascination towards food, make an account with quality food pictures, delicious food recipes, remarkable restaurant reviews/locations and on. If you are an enthusiast traveller, make an account and start posting travel pictures along with distinctive locations of tourist spots, your experiences, write blogs about your journey so on and so forth.

2. Use a Good Camera.


No matter whether your aim is to become a fashion influencer or a travel blogger or a food blogger, always use a relatively good camera with a good picture durability. The more you put an effort to post clear and better pictures, the more engaging your account will get. Even many mobile phone cameras have good picture quality these days. All you have to do is to pick a good device that will help you post good pictures!

3. Make it Aesthetic!


There is a common misconception that only writers/poets/authors have aesthetic instagram profiles. If you are an aspiring food/ travel blogger and if you try your hand at aestheticism, you will surely get more followers in less time than people whole do not have an in-dept aesthetic and artistic touch in their feed.

4. Use proper Hashtags!


Hashtags bring more engagement to your feed. It helps your post reach to people from different countries and different tastes which eventually makes the post more engaging. And remember, more engagement leads to more followers! Maximum numbers of hasgtags to use in a single post is 30 (currently). Take some time to do your research on the popular hashtags that are related to your content and then use them properly!

5. Communicate With Your Followers!


Simply replying to some of the comments on your posts can bring nore engagement to your account. Try responding to some direct messages in free time. It will help in developing the numbers of followers in your account.

6. Put an Impressive Bio.


Whoever comes across your profile will notice your bio first bio first before anything else(yes, even that special post you put so much effort before uploading). Hence, do not make the mistake of putting a bio in a casual manner that makes no sense. Think, take your time and come up with an entertaining, humorous and impressive bio. Do not forget, bio is the first impression that you would be giving out!

7. Shift to a Business Account.


Making your account a business account will simply turn it into a public profile. Public profiles reach to people way faster than the private ones. Once it is a business account you will be offered to work with different brands which will eventually bring you more followers!

8. Put Thoughtful Captions.


Captions play a major role in the development of your instagram account. Take sufficient time to think of an impressive yet humorous caption related to your post that will engage your audience for 2-3 minutes minimum.

9. Go Out of The Box!


Posting similar things for a long period of time may create a sense of monotony in your audience. Therefore, come up with surprises. Go out of the box. Put up different content occasionally to bring about a shock value which will help in creating more engagement and traffic to your feed.
There are various ways that you can explore in order to become a successful instagram influencer, and these are some of the easy yet effective steps that will definitely work out if followed in a proper way. Good Luck !

– Suvasree Bandyopadhyay.

Educational Minister Sisodiya thinking of reopening of school in july in Delhi

Manish Sisodiya wants to open school for class 4 onwards students

The Educational Minister Manish Sisodiya in the latest interview talk about the reopening of School in July for senior students. He told Union Minister that they are thinking about school reopening because for the students of class 4 onwards they really need offline classes to go through about their academics.

But the situation under Corona disease , it can’t be tolerated as the students might be going to do social gathering between them. So, how they will manage social distance.And also for the students school management also needs a lot of changes in rule of conduct. But afterall the question arises are really student follow the guidelines.

All the students also have to be check regularly for thermal screening , that is really a tough work as well as the maintenance of social distance among them also can’t be possible.The Minister had to really go back on his decision and rethought the process of reopening of School.

We can conclude that in today ‘s scenario it is too hard to make this type of thing possible. Because afterall students would be going to hangout with their friends. Also the social distance also a type of impossible task. So Government had to just closed the school till the situation comes under control.

COVID-19 and Creativity

Covid-19 outbreak has created a complex sphere for everyone across the globe with different consequences and repercussions in terms of psychological, physical, social and economic domains as long as human existence is concerned. Apart from infecting around 6.6 million people from different parts of the world, it has also caused several other issues followed by a transformation that is gradually taking place in the society.


The Pessimistic Side


With the growing number of infected cases throughout the whole world, a sense of tension has taken over the mindset of people. The prolonged lockdown period has caused several mental and psychological issues that everyone at some point or the other has faced since the beginning point.

Due to the instructions from the government and the unpredictability of the situation everyone has refrained themselves from stepping out of their house which eventually led to the gradual downfall of economy and financial status of several countries and states. Along with that, a sense of nothingness has grasped around with the passage of time. Monotony and boredom have taken over and it has caused mental disturbances in people from time to time.

Having mentioned the aforementioned points, it should also be mentioned how it has gone to affect the aestheticism and creativity in a larger scale. Many lost their jobs, artists, actors and the others belonging to professions where their wage is depends on daily productivity are suffering quite a lot.

This prolonged period of lockdown across the globe has caused ‘a great depression’ that has eventually taken over our lifestyle. It has been extra harsh on people with mental illness. Those in need of therapists have had to stop their visits due to the lockdown protocols and needless to mention it has led to the deterioration of their mental health.

Lockdown has been really harsh for extroverts who generally find it really difficult confine themselves in a same place for a long period of time. Artists are suffering due to the current situation and with very little hope for their future. In order to maintain a minimum financial stability, several artists have taken up different freelance jobs, which is far from their comfort zone and preferences.


The Optimistic Side

However, despite of the depressive monotony caused by the lockdown, it has also provided us with a great opportunity to work on ourselves more than ever before. Painters, singers, digital artists, writers and others with the same kind of professional roles have found this time really helpful to work on their art works.

Art needs time to develop. Research activities and innovative ideas take time to be brought forth. This period of lockdown has provided these people with a huge amount of free time that they would never get anywhere else. For instance, writers are finding it really helpful and they are making use of the opportunity to write as much as possible which was nearly impossible in the pre-lockdown period with the monotonous hectic life schedules.

Even common people who are not associated with art works and aestheticism, are finding this time really useful. It is a great opportunity to work on ourselves. It has also been helping people to retrospect about literally anything and everything. Everyone has been working a lot in order for them to be better versions of themselves. Therefore, a psychological, mental, sociological and socio-political transformation is taking place due to this deadly virus. In other words, it has been an eye opener for many.

What’s Next?


Although nothing is as unpredictable as our life is right now, it would not be too hard to guess the future, or at least a supposed glimpse of it. This prolonged lockdown period has provided everyone with a huge amount of time which has caused a transformation in everyone at one way or the other. The post-lockdown period will be a new beginning for everyone. It will demand a new system with a fresh mindset of people along with an enthusiastic sense of belongingness. Everyone will be working on their respective professional roles but with more determination, hard work and passion.

Therefore, it can be said that it will go back to normal, but this ‘normal’ will be a different one than what it had been before. Along with the habit of cleaning and purifying ourselves with hand sanitizers and soaps a tendency of living in a purer way will also take place in an eventual manner. The usage of masks can be described in a metaphorical way to be a tool to keep ourselves away from the pollution in the form of negativity and pessimism. A ray of hope therefore is developing in the minds of people to make it a better tomorrow, and the world a better place for each and every organism residing in it.

– Suvasree Bandyopadhyay.

ANTI-DOWRY LAWS: AN ANALYSIS. -BY RAKESHITA


The culture of India known all over the world, but still it has a darker side to it that we are reluctant to talk about or say we tend to avoid to talk about it. If we start listing them there are a lot of evils that have existed from centuries and some are the newer ones, some of the conventional evils have started to take new forms as per the changing society. When we talk about the term dowry, we form an image in our minds that there are a cruel husband and his family that has done atrocities on the innocent daughter in law of their family. But, have you ever imagined it in the other way around, that the atrocities are being done by the daughter in law? In our society wherein, the gender gap is very much prevalent, no matter how much we say that the disparity between the males and females have started to disappear, but then too there are certain aspects in which there are still a lot needs to be done. Now, when I talk about gender disparity, I’ll not talk about the things that have already been talked about, the issue of the new era is that women are considered to be the ones who are the victims and the men are the ones who are the wrongdoers, we are very much reluctant to bear this fact that women can also commit a crime under the shadow of their innocence. The history of India is as such that there is no wonder that people have formed this image, there has been a time when women were the ones who existed only on the victims’ part, they experienced a lot of cruelty from the society as well as from their families, and still, there are regions and sects where women are experiencing the same.

If we take look back into our history, women had a really tough struggle in gaining equal rights as the male in our society, but then also we cannot say that they had achieved their rights for which they had been struggling so long. There have been a number of debates and disputes in India on this particular topic concerned with the position of women in Indian society. These debates arose on many matters such as their education, health-related matters, economic position, gender equality etc. The time phase between the duration of independence of our country and the present situation saw much difference in the condition of women.

There was a time when the exchange of gifts between the groom’s and bride’s family were in common practice, but that was done with their own will without any force or under any sort of compulsion, but soon the scenario changed, as men were considered to be on an upper hand in the society and women were a liability of the family, a mentality emerged were the groom’s family started demanding a huge amount of dowry from the bride’s family, and the bride’s family considered it to be their duty to give it as demanded. With time this practice became very much common and was impliedly accepted by the society, soon a situation emerged where the demands of the groom’s family started increasing on a drastic level, they started doing cruelty with the girl in order to demand more and more dowry, resulting the girls suffered a lot and even committed suicide due to it. After seeing this grave scenario, our legislature came up with an act which for the first time talked about the term dowry and came up with punishments and penalty for the same. This act brought a sense of fear among those who were practising this, all those families were punished under this, whether who took the dowry or the ones who gave it. Amendments were also done under the Indian Penal Code, which came with the provisions for the same.

All steps were taken to eradicate this evil practice from our culture, and it even worked to an extent, the number of deaths caused due to dowry demand started to decline, but there is the new trend that has come up, although its statistics are only around 10%, then to it brings up a really serious issue that needs to be taken care of. In recent years the number of fake cases of dowry has come up, the women in certain cases have used these laws for fulfilling their own selfish purposes and for their ego satisfaction. Nobody talks about it in the public forum as there is this concept among them that women cannot commit such grave crime rather they are the ones who have been tortured.

When the law regarding the dowry practice came up, it came with a drastic change in the common criminal procedure practice, under the criminal procedure, it is said that the accused is assumed to be innocent till the time he has not been proved guilty, that’s the basic principle under which all the cases are dealt with but the anti-dowry law came up with an exception, here the accused husband and his family are presumed to be guilty on the first hand and the burden of proof lies upon them to prove their innocence. Now, in the recent decades, the females and their families have started using this as a shield behind which they commit the alleged crime, also they’ve got this blanket protection from the society that they are the victims and they would not commit such crime.

Recently, the Supreme Court took a step ahead, taking into consideration this issue, where they gave a direction that till the time the charges are not proved there would be no arrest in the dowry cases. This shows that our judiciary is working in this area, but then too the changes only come when the society accepts certain things, till the time society doesn’t change its mindset nothing can be done.

The legislature and the judiciary always try to strike a balance between the legal and social current of the society, but then too it keeps oscillating like a pendulum. When there were no anti-dowry laws, the pendulum was on the men’s side and after the enactment of the law, this pendulum started oscillating towards the females. This oscillation would keep on going till the time there is actual gender equality in the society, apart from the documents and the debate forums. Gender equality not only favouring the women specifically but also keeping a check that the men of the society are not being harmed under the name of women empowerment.

Women Empowerment

“Women don’t have to choose between career and motherhood. We can have it all. Its very important to understand and believe that you’re equal. Equality is about equal opportunities, mutual and equal respect. Empowerment comes from within.” – Indian professional tennis player, Sania Mirza

Women empowerment is empowering women to take their own decisions for their personal development and making them capable of deciding for themselves. It also acquires a point of view that women are as equal as men. Empowered women can exert power to shape their families ,communities and society ,hence women empowerment is very important to elevate women.

According to estimates from the World Health Organisation, approximately 35% of all women around the world have experienced physical and/or sexual violence in their lifetime . That is 1 in every 3. Millions of girls are subjected to abuse, child labor, sex trafficking, child marriage and other offenses. Several women and girls continue to shoulder the burden of poverty. Also there are numerous reports about women being subjecting to domestic violence and gender inequality. Sexual assault, abuse, rape is far more common than people like to believe. This has to end . Women empowerment is need of the hour. Hence, we have to find ways ,we as citizens of the world, can empower women.

1.Women economic empowerment is very important. Everyone should teach their girl child with good moral values and higher education. There is a need to give priority to a girl’s education and the their economic empowerment is the key to achieving their full potential and giving voices to women who have been repressed for ages.

2.Celebrate other women.We should learn to celebrate other people’s success and accomplishments and and hence, I feel it is encouraging to celebrate women who support each other especially as a women community. Lets appreciate women who inspires others, lift women up and celebrate each other’s victories.

3.Its important to Listen to women and hear their stories. Listen to them when they open up. It takes a lot of support and healing to brave enough to share their horrific and life changing experiences . Support each other and make sure that you are here for them .

4.”No one is born ugly, we’re just born in a judgmental society.”-South Korean songwriter and rapper, Kim Namjoon There is so much pressure by society for to fit into the unrealistic beauty expectations of women. We must strongly advocate for the eradication of the unrealistic beauty standards and other societal expectations that are leading our people into deep mental health issues. May we truly become the women we aspire to be .

Women have a right to play an equal part in our society- planning and decision-making. It is important to know ourselves and our self-worth.But there can be no equality or empowerment when there’s fear, violence and control. We must commit to keep raising awareness on women and girls rights and issues through peer education, empowerment and community engagement. It’s to start making and leaving a mark on our generation and for our future generations.

Transform Your Life By Transforming Your Habits

“Hard work, showing up on time, wearing a clean (preferably white) shirt, using deodorant, and some such conventional things contribute to success—they are certainly necessary but may be insufficient as they do not cause success.”-Nassim Taleb(Fooled By Randomness).

When I talk about habits, I don’t talk about outcomes. I talk about changing our actual behavior so that it improves the quality of our lives.

Now that we’ve got that out of the way, here’s my four-step process for making life-changing habits stick.

Step 1: Decide what habits are worth it

Look, I can talk to you about the habits that have changed my life habits all day long, but that’s not helpful. The reason is that only YOU can decide what a good habit is.

Deciding if a habit is worth it to you is critical to forming new habits. Too often we hear about something, and we think: “I should do that!”

Really? Should I wake up an hour earlier? Should I take cold showers? Should I eat like a cave person? Should I run every day?

Maybe waking up early is actually helpful to you. I don’t know. When I wake up early, I behave like a grumpy old man who hates people—that deteriorates the quality of my life.

Hence, I don’t wake up very early (7 AM or earlier) no matter how many people tell me it will make me successful.

The reason you want to ask yourself that question is that we all need a reason to change. We need something that’s bigger than superficial reasons.

“I want to read one book a week,” you might say. Why? So you can do what? What’s your vision? What are your goals?

For example, I read two books a week because I’m a teacher/trainer. I need to learn every single day so I can do my job better. I do strength training because I want to be a useful person. I do many chores around my house and the office. I want to make and fix things. I need to be in good shape to lift heavy things or do strenuous tasks.

That’s my why. What’s yours? Answer that. And then, adopt habits that bring you closer to the things you want in life.

Step 2: Focus on one habit at a time

Out of the many reason from which a person fails , one of them i creating many habits at a time.

It’s best to hold back the enthusiasm if you’re the same. In general, when you do too many things at the same time, you end up with chaos.

And you always end up right back where you started. Sounds familiar?

One of the reasons we try to do so many things at the same time is that we overestimate ourselves. We think we can achieve a lot in a short period. That’s false.We can achieve A LOT over a long period. That’s true.So focus on one thing at a time. Stack one habit on top of the other, one by one

Step 3: Set the bar very low

We often want to do big things, without understanding it. Starting a business or building a career requires effort. In fact, everything in life that’s remotely valuable requires a lot of work to achieve.So before we do something big, let’s start small.

As Leo tolstoy would say :“Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.”

Focus on small things. Build a strong foundation. Without it, we can never achieve anything meaningful.

Step 4: Use checklists

You want to do something. You do it. And then you forget about it. Shit happens, right?

No, that’s weak. Don’t let yourself off the hook like that.

We must use checklists to remind ourselves of what we’re trying to achieve. Remember: We form habits to transform our lives—to make things BETTER.

Check off your habits daily. One day, you’ll be surprised by how much your life changed by such, seemingly, small habits. At least, that’s what happened to me and the thousands of other people who focus on their habits. And I’m sure it will happen to you too.

Journey of the Technologies that shaped today’s world : Steam Engine

Ever since the discovery of steam engine which set off the industrial revolution in 18th century, the science and technology has advanced life consistently. The first technological revolution was brought by steam engines. They revolutionized how people and things moved around.

Till then people depended on manual labour by humans or animals. Such method was heavily dependent on the availability and condition of the roads. Often uncomfortable and it would take a daring man or woman to make arduous journeys. For carrying the things around it would take days. The medium available were unreliable and a patch of bad weather could have totally “derailed” the plans- if that word was even available in dictionary then. 😊

One of the earliest applications of the steam engines was removing of water from the mines. Mines in that period were highly unsafe due to undetected poisonous or combustible gases like Methane and sudden flooding of mines by ground water. Flooding claimed lives and forced mines to shut down. As mines were thousands of feet deep, manually removing the water was next to impossible. Steam engines came as a godsend for the industry.

The steam engines also changed the way people travelled and worked. The ubiquitous coal and water became the resources to do works that would have required hundreds of humans or animals. In fact, the earlies unit to measure the power of machine was “horsepower”. To make people understand how efficiently the machines worked, the inventor of steam engine- James Watt used the term Horsepower to express the power of the machine. 1 horsepower which is equal to 745.7 Watts in SI unit, was an estimate of how much power an adult horse puts in. Even today, many automobiles express the rating of their engines in terms of horsepower.

The potential of the steam engine was soon realised by other sectors as well. Governments and businesses invested in building tracks to connect remotest of areas to ensure smooth movement of people and goods. In fact, India was one of earliest country to get a railway track and a train. This was despite having the oppressing British rulers who probably never had anything good in their hearts for India to see the rays of development. Sole purpose of the track was to facilitate movement of goods especially the raw materials for the British industries from the remote parts of India to the ports to be carried out in ships. The tracks must have speeded the depletion of the resources of India, but the sunshine in the cloud was the railway tracks.

In fact, to this date Indian Railways is one of the most efficient and largest travel organization in the world. Before pandemic brought the wheels to a halt, Indian Railways stopped work on only two days in their history of 167 years. Ferrying hundreds of thousands of passengers and thousands of tonnes of raw materials and finished goods on a daily basis, Indian Railways is truly a lifeline for the Indians.

100% household tap connections in rural areas of West Bengal

In continuation of various initiatives taken up to improve the lives of people of this country, ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ was launched by Government of India last year to provide every rural household in the country a Functional Household Tap Connection for supply of potable water in adequate quantity and of prescribed quality on regular and long-term basis. Following the true spirit of cooperative federalism, State Governments are implementing this flagship programme to realize the objectives of the Mission so as to ensure ‘ease of living’ of people in rural areas as well as reduce the ‘drudgery’ of women, especially girls. This life changing Mission focuses on the key principles of ‘equity and inclusiveness’, i.e. every family in the village gets tap water connection in their households. With a departure from earlier programmes, JJM stresses on service delivery, rather than infrastructure creation.

The Annual Action Plan (AAP) is very important for timely implementation to achieve the goals of the mission, for which very intensive exercise was carried out in the Ministry in last couple of months and all the States have presented their annual action plan for JJM. West Bengal is yet to present its AAP before the National Committee of the Ministry of Jal Shakti.

            West Bengal has 1.63 Crore rural households spread over 41,357 villages, but only 2 lakh households have a tap connection in their premises. In 2019-20, against a target of 32.24 lakh households to be given tap connections, State could provide only 4,720 household tap connections. In 2020-21, the target fixed for providing tap connections is 64.43 lakh households including the shortfall of about 32.19 lakh from the previous year. This needs rigorous planning and robust implementation strategy to achieve the target.

            In 2019-20, Rs. 993.88 Crore of Central funds was released to the State, however only Rs 421.63 Crore was utilized and rest amount is lying unspent. Further, to provide potable water in Arsenic/ Fluoride-affected habitations, a sum of Rs. 1,305 Crore was provided, out of which Rs. 573.36 Crore is still lying unspent. Thus, as on 1.4.2020, State has an opening balance of Rs. 1,146.58 Crore as Central Share to provide tap water to rural households. During 2020-21, fund allocation to West Bengal has increased to Rs. 1,610.76 Crore. With an opening balance of Rs. 1,146.58 Crore, the State has an assured availability of Rs. 2,757.34 Crore of Central share funds. Therefore, in 2020-21, along with State share about Rs. 5,515 Crore will be available under Jal Jeevan Mission to provide household tap connections in West Bengal. Further, additional funds too can be provided based on progress of implementation in form of performance incentive under JJM. Therefore, the State needs to make a monthly plan for physical progress in terms of tap connections to be provided and expenditure plan for prudent financial management to spend the huge amount of funds available with State.

As Government of India is working in tandem with States to achieve the goals of JJM within the time frame, focus is on retrofitting/ augmentation of existing water supply systems to provide tap connections to remaining households. Out of total 41,357 villages In West Bengal, 22,155 (54%) villages already have piped water supply systems. However, only 2 lakh households in these villages have tap connections. Those which have been left out in such villages belong to poor and marginalized sections of the society. There is a potential to provide 1.08 Crore household tap connections in these villages. State needs to push this agenda forward with utmost speed to provide household tap connections in next 4-6 months in a ‘campaign mode’. Priority is to be given to saturation of villages in quality-affected habitations, aspirational districts, SC/ ST majority villages/ habitations and villages covered under Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana.

Potable water supply to water quality-affected habitations is given top most priority under JJM and in view of interim order of National Green Tribunal, State has to ensure piped water supply to all households in 2,414 Arsenic and Fluoride affected habitations before 31 December, 2020. In case, potable water piped connections cannot be ensured before December, 2020, as an interim measure, potable water @ 8-10 lpcd for drinking and cooking purpose is to be provided by installing community water purification plants (CWPP).

West Bengal would receive Rs 4,412 Crore as 15th Finance Commission Grants to PRIs, 50% of which will mandatorily be spent on water and sanitation. There is need for convergence planning to be done by the State under various programmes like MGNREGS, JJM, SBM (G), 15th Finance Commission Grants to PRIs, District Mineral Development Fund, CAMPA, CSR Fund, Local Area Development Fund, etc. at village level and Village Action Plan (VAP) of every village is to be prepared by dovetailing all such funds for carrying out water conservation activities to strengthen water source leading to drinking water security.

In all villages, IEC campaign along with community mobilization is to be taken up to make JJM truly a people’s movement. State has to engage women Self Help Groups and voluntary organizations working in social sector and natural resources management to mobilize the rural community for creation of in-village water supply infrastructure as well as for their operation and maintenance.

To achieve the objectives of the Mission to provide tap connection to each rural household in every habitation/ village on long-term basis, skilled manpower in areas like masonry, plumbing, fitting, electricity, etc., will be needed for creation of water supply schemes and their operation & maintenance and such manpower will be required in each village/ habitation. Ministry of Jal Shakti has roped in National Skill Development Corporation to create a pool of skilled Human Resource in rural areas to make villages a self-reliant unit without depending on others for regular upkeep and maintenance of water supply systems.

In the prevailing CoVid-19 pandemic situation, State needs to start works related to water supply and water conservation immediately in villages so as to provide works to the skilled/ semi-skilled migrants to provide livelihood as well as to ensure potable water in the households of rural people as well as boost the rural economy.