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Cybersecurity

Computer security, cybersecurity or data technology security is that the protection of pc systems and networks from data speech act, thieving of or injury to their hardware, software, or electronic information, moreover as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they supply.

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DATA PROTECTION a hundred and one
What is Cyber Security? Definition, Best Practices & additional
by Juliana Diamond State Groot on Monday Oct five, 2020

Learn about cyber security, why it is vital, and the way to urge started building a cyber security program during this installment of our information Protection a hundred and one series.

A DEFINITION OF CYBER SECURITY
Cyber security refers to the body of technologies, processes, and practices designed to shield networks, devices, programs, and information from attack, damage, or unauthorized access. Cyber security may additionally be named as data technology security.

THE IMPORTANCE OF CYBER SECURITY
Cyber security is very important as a result of government, military, corporate, financial, and medical organizations collect, process, and store unexampled amounts of information on computers and different devices. a major portion of that information will be sensitive data, whether or not that be holding, money information, personal data, or different forms of information that unauthorized access or exposure may have negative consequences. Organizations transmit sensitive information across networks and to different devices within the course of doing businesses, and cyber security describes the discipline dedicated to protective that data and therefore the systems accustomed method or store it. because the volume and class of cyber attacks grow, firms and organizations, particularly people who square measure tasked with safeguarding data concerning national security, health, or money records, ought to take steps to shield their sensitive business and personnel data. As early as March 2013, the nation’s prime intelligence officers cautioned that cyber attacks and digital spying square measure the highest threat to national security, eclipsing even terrorist act.

CHALLENGES OF CYBER SECURITY
For a good cyber security, a corporation has to coordinate its efforts throughout its entire data system. parts of cyber cover all of the following:

Network security: the method of protective the network from unwanted users, attacks and intrusions.
Application security: Apps need constant updates and testing to confirm these programs square measure secure from attacks.
Endpoint security: Remote access may be a necessary a part of business, however may be a liability for information. terminus security is that the method of protective remote access to a company’s network.
Data security: inside networks and applications is information. protective company and client data may be a separate layer of security.
Identity management: primarily, this can be a method of understanding the access each individual has in a corporation.
Database and infrastructure security: Everything in an exceedingly network involves databases and physical instrumentality. protective these devices is equally vital.
Cloud security: several files square measure in digital environments or “the cloud”. protective information in an exceedingly 100 percent on-line atmosphere presents an outsized quantity of challenges.
Mobile security: Cell phones and tablets involve nearly each variety of security challenge in and of themselves.
Disaster recovery/business continuity planning: within the event of a breach, natural disaster or different event information should be protected and business should persist. For this, you’ll would like a thought.End-user education: Users could also be staff accessing the network or customers work on to an organization app. Educating smart habits (password changes, 2-factor authentication, etc.) is a very important a part of cybersecurity

A computer screen: the new classroom of the modern age?

The outbreak of COVID-19 affected all sections of society since the first case recorded in China in late 2019. People were asked to quarantine themselves in their homes to prevent the spread of this virus. Despite its negative effect on other sectors, the pandemic was a boon for a few viz online shopping sites and also a rapid increase was seen in e-learning as compared to the traditional classroom method of education.

Even before COVID-19, there was already a high growth and adoption in education technology, with investments in e-learning apps reaching a value of $18.66 billion in 2019 and the overall market for online education is projected to reach $350 billion by 2025. The pandemic however challenged the education system across the world and forced educators to shift to an online mode of teaching overnight. Many academic institutions that were earlier reluctant to change their traditional approach were left with no alternative option but to shift entirely to e–learning. Whether it was language learning apps, virtual tutors, tools for video conferencing or online learning software, all had a significant surge in its usage since the pandemic hit.

While some believe that the unplanned move to online learning – with no training and little preparation – will result in a poor user experience, others believe that a new hybrid model of education will emerge, with significant benefits. There have already been successful transitions amongst many universities. The Imperial College, London started offering a course on the science of coronavirus, which is now the most enrolled class launched in 2020 on the site coursera. The e-learning method offers teachers an efficient way to deliver lessons to students. Videos, PDFs, podcasts, can be used as a part of lesson plan. By extending the lesson beyond traditional textbooks to include online resources, teachers are becoming more efficient educators. The online learning system, with its range of options, can be personalized in many ways. Some students are visual learners, while some prefer to learn through audio. Similarly, some students thrive in the classroom, and others are solo learners. It is the best way to create a perfect learning environment suited to the needs of each student.

There are, however, challenges to overcome. Some students without reliable internet access and/or technology struggle to participate in digital learning; this gap is seen across countries and between income brackets within countries. While internet penetration has grown in leaps and bounds over the past few years, still in smaller cities, a consistent connection with decent speed is a problem. Without a consistent internet connection for students or teachers, there can be a lack of continuity in learning. This is detrimental to the education process. Online learning also requires teachers to have a good understanding of digital forms of learning. However, this is not the case. Very often, teachers have a very basic understanding of technology. To combat this, it is important for schools to invest in training teachers with the latest technology updates so that they can conduct their classes seamlessly.

Parents and students are also concerned about the health hazards of spending hours staring at a screen. This increase in screen time is one of the biggest disadvantages of online learning taking a toll on students ‘eyesight. Sometimes students also develop bad posture and other physical problems due to staying hunched in front of a screen.

Major world events are often an inflection point for rapid innovation – a clear example is the rise of e-commerce post the SARS pandemic (2002-2004). While we have yet to see whether this will apply to e-learning post-COVID-19, it is one of the few sectors where investment hasn’t dried up. What has been made clear through by this pandemic is the importance of disseminating knowledge across borders, companies, and all sections of society. If online learning technology can play a role here, it is incumbent upon all of us to explore its full potential. From chalks and blackboards to smart boards to laptops -the education sector has jumped the boundaries of a school wall…the journey has just begun.

Energy resources

Source: Ecologically man is only a part of energy flow in nature.Man requires energy for his daily needs.The major energy sources are fuel wood,fossils fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas.Apart from these,the other direct energy resources are sunlight, hydroelectric and wind power,tidal, geothermal and nuclear energy.

Energy requirement: During early stages of human civilization,the daily per capital need for energy was just 2000-4000 kilo calories.During the agricultural stage,the muscular energy of domestic animals was used for work.Today we need energy for agriculture,industry,transport, communication,comfort and defence.The per head energy consumption varies from country to country.

Depletion of fossil fuels

Today the world’s energy resources have reached critical stage.Most of the world’s human population uses fossil fuels(coal, petroleum and natural gas).The fossil fuel resources are being rapidly depleted.As a result these resources may last only another few centuries.Tge dwindling stocks of fuels has led to the search of alternate sources of energy.

Sources of energy

Some alternative sources of fuel are solar energy,hydro electric energy,Geo thermal energy,wind power,tidal energy, energy from garbage,dung energy and nuclear energy.They are generally called renewable or non-conventional sources of energy.

1)Solar energy

Sun is inexhaustible and pollution free source of energy.Solar equipments have been developed to harness sun rays to heat water,cook meals,light our houses and run certain machines.

2)Nuclear energy

It is generated by fusion of the atoms of certain elements such as Uranium-235.The processes results in the release of enormous amount of energy.Fission of 1 amu of Uranium-235 can generate energy equivalent to that obtainable from burning of 15 metric tons of coal or about 14 barrels of crude oil.

3)Wind power

It has been used for centuries to run the wind Mills for grinding grains and pump water in certain areas.But the wind does not blow with required intensity all the year round and in all areas.Therefore,wind power can be used only in certain areas and on certain days.

4)Dung energy

Cattle dung is widely used as fuel in rural areas of our country.This deprives our fields of valuable organic manure.Now cattle dung is used in biogas or gobar gas plant to produce an odourless,low pressure gas.This gas can be used for cooking and heating.The residue is used as manure.

5)Energy from garbage

The garbage of houses contains waste paper,plastics and several other materials.It can be used to produce organic manure.

6)Tidal energy

Tidal waves of the sea can be used to generate electricity.

7) Geothermal energy

In some places,the heated water comes to the earth’s surface as hot springs.It can be used for heating water and building and for generating electricity.

8)Hydro electric energy

It is produced from the kinetic energy of water falling from height.A number of power stations have been established on many rivers in our country.

Conservation of energy

The present critical energy position demands an organized effort at all levels from individual to international action.A considerable amount of energy can be saved by reducing wastage and using energy efficient devices.Following measures can help in this effort:

1) Development of technology for the use of solar energy in appliances and transport vehicles.

2) Development of efficient and smokeless chulhas or wood stoves.

3) Development of non conventional energy sources and less dependence on fossil fuels.

4)Planned programme for raising fuel wood,trees and shrubs under the control and maintenance of local communities especially in developing countries.

5) Effective use of agricultural and animal wastes to obtain biogas and manure.

6) Improvement of engine and pump designs to increase fuel efficiency.

7) Development of effective techniques to trap wind and tidal energy.

Aryabhatta

Aryabhatta (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy.

Aryabhatta mentions in the Aryabhatiya that it was composed 3,600 years into the Kali Yuga, when he was 23 years old. This corresponds to 499 CE, and implies that he was born in 476.

Aryabhatta provides no information about his place of birth. The only information comes from Bhaskara I, who describes Aryabhatta as asmakiya, “one belonging to the Asmaka country.” During the Buddha’s time, a branch of the Asmaka people settled in the region between the Narmada and Godavari rivers in central India; Aryabhatta is believed to have been born there.

It is fairly certain that, at some point, he went to Kusumapura for advanced studies and lived there for some time. Both Hindu and Buddhist tradition, as well as Bhaskara I (CE 629), identify Kusumapura as Pataliputra, modern Patna. A verse mentions that Aryabhatta was the head of an institution (kulapa) at Kusumapura, and, because the university of Nalanda was in Pataliputra at the time and had an astronomical observatory, it is speculated that Aryabhatta might have been the head of the Nalanda university as well. Aryabhatta is also reputed to have set up an observatory at the Sun temple in Taregana, Bihar.

Therefore, it would make great sense that this was where he would have invested a great deal of time learning to be a great astronomer. There were not exactly scores of other opportunities for him to take advantage during the classical era as institutions in which to learn astronomy were likely very limited.

Aryabhatta is the author of several treatises on mathematics and astronomy, some of which are lost. His major work, Aryabhatiya, a compendium of mathematics and astronomy, was extensively referred to in the Indian mathematical literature and has survived to modern times. The mathematical part of the Aryabhatiya covers arithmetic, algebra, plane trigonometry, and spherical trigonometry. It also contains continued fractions, quadratic equations, sums-of-power series, and a table of sines.

Aryabhata gave the world the digit “0” (zero) for which he became immortal.

The Aryabhatiya was a well-constructed work that covered many different facets of mathematics and astronomy. Portions of the work were quoted in other works and this has allowed it to avoid becoming lost. Within the mathematics portion of the work, a great deal was written about high level math topics.

There are 108 verses in the text and the style of writing is very tight and direct. It can be said the work is written in a manner not dissimilar from the sutra literature crafted at the time. Within the work, information is revealed about the table of sines, progressions in geometry and arithmetic, the relationship of time, the positions of the planets, and insights into celestial spheres. To a great extent, the work was many years ahead of its time. Both thought-provoking and introspection inducing, anyone interested in the subjects of math and astronomy would find it worth reading.

As with many of the great astronomers in history, Aryabhata promoted the notion the earth spun on its own axis and the sun revolved around the earth and not the other way around. This belief is known as heliocentrism and it was deemed a heresy in most parts of the world until well past the Middle Ages.

Aryabhatta is believed to have died around 550 A.D. He has left an amazing legacy to be sure. A great many modern mathematicians and astronomers look towards his early work for inspiration.

WHAT ARE FASHION AESTHETICS?

Your Fashion Aesthetics is a unique way of dressing yourself that suits your aura. It depends on you, as in, how you would want to appear in front of the crowd. If there is something that is absolutely unique then it is people’s imagination and their fashion sense. You can even combine random clothes from your wardrobe and call it your fashion or your style. If you know what your favorite aesthetic is then you happen to choose and buy the clothes that match your aesthetic only. If you are not aware of your aesthetic then its your time to choose one that matches the most with your style or the clothes you already own.

Lets look into the most popular an trendy fashion aesthetics.

SOFT GIRL/SOFT BOY

Soft girl / soft boy aesthetic is a style where people would want to portray their sensitive and dramatic side through clothing. The use of patterns, flowers, plains, and pastel colors is a must. Adding some tiny and simple accessories will complete the look. No bold statement in your look, just simplicity and being petty.

EGIRL/EBOY

The abbreviation of Electronic girl/boy is an aesthetic that covers the youth that is active on social media and invests their time in anime and gaming. They seem to have an emo-aesthetic but in modern version. They often wear black and white and have a lot of references from anime. Super stylish. To dress like an egirl/eboy you need a lot of black cloths with bold statements like makeup or accessories. A fun hair color will do just perfect.

GRUNGE

The grunge aesthetic is an edgy style inspired by the 80 and 90s, characterized by dark colors, plaid, leather, band tees, dark denim jeans, black boots, Converse sneakers, chokers, and unique hairstyles that went against the colorful and preppy looks of the time. These show a sort of hopelessness and disenchantment with modern society.  Probably have playlists of rock or dark band music.

DARK ACADEMIA

Dark academia is a social media aesthetic that is centered around higher education, writing/poetry, the arts, and classic Greek and Gothic architecture. The subculture is associated with ancient art, and classic literature. It consists of a lot of vests, shades of brown, plaids, and blazers that usually gives a classy and rich look.

VSCO GIRL

VSCO is the aesthetics influenced by the photography app called VSCO.  This type of style includes white sneakers or Birkenstock, high-waisted jeans or shorts, oversized T-shirts, and scrunchies. Messy buns are also a part of the equation here that low-key basic look. It is a super colorful, comfortable and pleasant aesthetic. Having a hydro-flask is the signature look for VSCO girls.

ARTSY

The artsy aesthetic is based around the love for art, music, nature, flowers, paintings etc. This style originated on Tumblr with the Black and LBGTQ+ community who expressed themselves through art. Yellow is a very prominent color here and as well as vintage-looking outfits that channel nature. Wear lots of colour and express your soul out.

STREET WEAR

Street wear was a huge want during the late 90s. It gained global attention that is very lively even today. It is all about baggy jeans, oversized shirt/tshirts, baseball caps, and sneakers. The motto is to look cool and feel comfortable. Women who have a street wear aesthetic are called tomboys at times.

COTTAGE CORE

This aesthetic is about living a life in the cottage, on ideas of simple living and harmony with nature. Huge flower fields and country-side vibes. Takes us back to those fairy-tail life. These usually are about ruffles, dresses, skirts, flower prints, and warm colors.

Have you found your aesthetic? If you found the aesthetic you wanna look like then start shopping and live your pinterest life!

Article by : Haniah Mirza

A.P.J Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an aerospace scientist who joined India’s defense department after graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology.

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born into a Muslim family on October 15, 1931, on the island of Dhanushkodi off the southeastern coast of India. He developed an early fascination with flight by watching birds, which developed into an interest in aeronautics after he saw a newspaper article about a British fighter plane.

Despite his modest beginnings – his dad built and rented boats – Kalam was a bright student who showed promise in science and mathematics. He attended St. Joseph’s College and went on to earn a degree in aeronautical engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology. 

His hopes of becoming a fighter pilot were dashed when he narrowly missed out on a spot with the Indian Air Force. Kalam instead joined the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a senior scientific assistant in 1958. After moving to the newly formed Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969, he was named project director of the SLV-III, the first satellite launch vehicle designed and produced on Indian soil.

From 1992 to 1997 Kalam was scientific adviser to the defense minister, and he later served as principal scientific adviser (1999–2001) to the government with the rank of cabinet minister. His prominent role in the country’s 1998 nuclear weapons tests solidified India as a nuclear power and established Kalam as a national hero, although the tests caused great concern in the international community.

In 2002, India’s ruling National Democratic Alliance helped Kalam win an election against Lakshmi Sahgal and become India’s 11th president, a largely ceremonial post. Known as the People’s President, Kalam set a goal of conducting 500,000 one-on-one meetings with young people over the course of his five-year term. His immense popularity led to him being nominated by MTV for a Youth Icon of the Year award in 2003 and 2006.

After leaving office in 2007, Kalam became a visiting professor at several universities. He formed the “What Can I Give Movement” in 2011 with the goal of creating a compassionate society, and in 2012, his efforts to improve healthcare led to the release of a tablet for medical personnel to use in remote areas. 

Kalam wrote several books, including an autobiography, Wings of Fire (1999). Among his numerous awards were two of the country’s highest honours, the Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the Bharat Ratna (1997).

Upon returning to civilian life, Kalam remained committed to using science and technology to transform India into a developed country and served as a lecturer at several universities. On July 27, 2015, he collapsed while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong and was pronounced dead from cardiac arrest soon afterward.

Kalam was laid to rest on July 30 with full state honors in his native Tamil Nadu. In honor of the scientist and former president, the southeast Indian state government of Tamil Nadu created a “Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award,” which recognizes exceptional individuals who promote the sciences, students and humanities. The government has also established Kalam’s birthday (October 15) as “Youth Renaissance Day.” Discussion about building a large-scale memorial at his burial site is underway.

Solar air conditioning and efficient, low-consumption cooling systems work together.

Researchers from the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPVCMT-Motores )’s Térmicos (Thermal Engines) group are developing new, more efficient cooling systems that use solar air conditioning, which will assist in addressing the summer increase in electricity bills Their study results made an appearance in the International Journal of Refrigeration.

“In the last month, the ‘perfect storm’ has occurred in all aspects of the electricity bill. On the one hand, there is the so-called rate change, which is divided into three segments, and on the other, there are consumption peaks in the summer during the hottest days of the year. In these days of high temperatures, air conditioning units and cooling systems consume more electricity, raising the cost of electricity significantly—without going any further, the price of electricity surpassed its annual record last Saturday. Solar air conditioning, while an oxymoron, has the potential to be a solution to this perfect storm, says “José Ramón Serrano”, a CMT researcher.

Solar-assisted thermal storage tank jet ejector cooling system.

Solar air conditioning equipment

Solar air conditioning is the equipment used to cool a space with solar energy. Two main groups are involved, as explained by Serrano: on the one hand, photovoltaic panels are used to produce traditional air conditioners. The problem with these solutions is their low efficiency: barely 10 percent, which means the nearly 1,000W per sqm that we get with the most solar radiation during the summertime, generates only 100W of electricity. “This represents about 300 W of cooling power in a traditional cold unit,” Serrano describes.

Solar thermal cooling systems, on the other hand, are more efficient and versatile. In this case, thermo-solar panels are used in place of photovoltaic panels that warm up a liquid by using surfaces that absorb or concentrate solar rays. These systems are used in the cold winter months in households to heat sanitary water and solar heating systems. The CMT-Motores Térmicos researchers concentrate their efforts on the latter to use them during the summer.

They propose coupling these panels to absorption or ejection cycles, which would allow them to cool the room using the sun’s heat as the source of energy. The 1,000 W per square meter received in these cases can be converted into 500 W of heating power using the thermal oil that flows through the thermo-solar panels. The 500 W can then be converted into 600 W of cooling power via high-efficiency absorption cycles.

“One advantage of using this equipment is that the cooling capability increases in tandem with the solar radiation, which coincides with periods of higher cooling demand,” says Vicente Dolz, UPV professor and CMT-Motores Térmicos researcher.

And how would this allow you to save money on electricity?

A typical household air conditioning unit in the living room has a cooling capacity of around 3,500 W. According to the UPV researchers, these values can be achieved with around 6 m2 of thermo-solar panels coupled to an absorption cycle during the hours of highest irradiation (midday in the summer) to completely replace the traditional air conditioning unit with the absorption cycle.

“A traditional air conditioning unit consumes approximately 1,170 W of electricity to achieve the 3,500 W of cooling power.” The technology that we propose would allow us to eliminate said consumption from our bills while enjoying the greatest level of comfort possible thanks to the combination of solar panels and absorption cycles.

CMT-Motores Térmicos proposed that solution can also be implemented as a hybrid system that provides part of the traditional system’s cooling capabilities or improves its efficiency while also reducing global electricity consumption by providing the solar air conditioning system.

CONCEPT OF REST AND MOTION AND THEIR TYPES


A person sitting in a moving bus is at rest with respect to a fellow passenger but is in motion with respect to a person outside the bus. The concepts of rest and motion have meaning only with respect to some reference frame. To understood rest and motion we need a convenient fixed reference frame.

FRAME OF REFERENCE:
If we imagine a coordinate system and the position of an object is described relative to it, then such a coordinate system is called frame of reference.

POINT MASS
To explain the motion of an object which has finite mass, the concept of “point mass” is required and is very useful. Let the mass of any object be assumed to be concentrated at a point. Then this idealized mass is called “point mass”.

It has no internal structure like shape and size. Mathematically a point mass has finite mass with zero dimension. Even though in reality a point mass does not exist, it often simplifies our calculations. It is to be noted that the term “point mass” is a relative term. It has meaning only with respect to the king of motion.

Example:
To analyse the motion of Earth with respect to Sun, Earth can be treated as a point mass. This is because the distance between the sun and Earth is very large compared to the size of the Earth.

TYPES OF MOTION

LINEAR MOTION
An object is said to be in linear motion if it moves in a straight line.


Examples:
An athlete running on a straight track.
A particle falling vertically downwards to the Earth.

CIRCULAR MOTION
Circular motion is defined as a motion described by an object traversing a circular path.


Examples:
The whirling motion of stone attached to a string.
The motion of a satellite around the Earth.

ROTATIONAL MOTION:
If any object moves in a rotational motion about an axis, the motion is called ‘rotation’. During rotation every point in the object transverses a circular path about an axis, (except the points located on the axis).

Examples:
Rotation of a disc about an axis through its centre.
Spinning of the Earth about its own axis.

VIBRATORY MOTION
If an object or particle executes a to-and-fro motion about a fixed point, it is said to be in vibratory motion. This is sometimes also called oscillatory motion.

Examples:
Vibration of a string on a guitar.
Movement of a swing

SELF HELP AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

 

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND SELF HELP













Great people are those who have the state of  having, owing and controlling when situations become worse.

It is high time to come to believe that we are created with a great capacity to carry a custom made dream.

We all may be tall or short, smart or weak, rich or poor, bright or dull, but we can still accommodate our dream as all things are possible for those who believe in themselves.

SELF HELP IS SEEKING YOU IN YOU IN YOUR HARDSHIPS:)

TRAIN YOUR MIND, BODY, SOUL!

Update yourself, learn new skills for your future vision, Meditation makes  positive vibes around you so, do it regularly. Set tasks for the day, Change the habit which you thought to change many times but you couldn’t. Exercise regularly, Stay fit Stay strong, Eat healthy foods and drink plenty of work when makes way for the healthy body. Never ever take your health as granted as it is very important in today’s situation say for example pandemic and other sort of problems which we face now-a-days due to lack of health. Tomorrow is not a promised one. 

Always surround yourself with the good vibes because it may give hand at once when you are being felt stressed. Many people are unable to understand the truth that they are not surrounded by positive things. When they become aware that they don’t indulge in others things and so on, they get solitary. Behind everything there is a reason, lets try to understand that and move on.

Love yourself. Only is this is done we can love others also with kind hearted person. Count your blessings, Do not compare yourself with anybody as it gives  way for either pride or lower discriminative state of mind when affects you to the worst. Have a good state of mind. Forgiveness is the wonderful thing which can also be adopted.

Personality development is updating yourself in the  environment. Keep yourself in learning everything and every skills as it may help you to be safe in the environment surrounded by the people. It is like to be safe before the storm comes.

Promoting our state of mind in the psychologically, emotionally, mentally, physically strong. It helps to promote us both personally and professionally. Make a routine from morning to night as this will promote your best to the rest of your life. 

Loving ourselves is not  being self indulged, it is the art of taking care of ourselves as nobody can accommodate with us for every time.

BE ALIVE AND EXPECT BOUNTIFUL HARVEST

Tough Time Getting An Internship

This is one from my personal experience. I have completed my Bachelor’s in Business Administration from St.Joseph’s College of Commerce, Bangalore. I have been having a tough time finding internships or jobs from which I can earn something decent. I am glad that I at-least got a platform to express this. Thank you so much Eduindex News and WordPress. I have been interning here and writing articles for gaining internship experience for the past one month. I have applied to a lot of places in Bangalore. The fields where I have applied are Marketing, Content Writing. I have a lot of interest in content writing. I would love to earn money by writing small contents or small blogs.

What I want to express through this article is simple. I just want everyone who is of my age 21, to know, that whatever opportunity you get to intern, I say intern, not whether you earn money or not, but to intern, then grab it like it is a jackpot. It will add up to your experience, it will add up to your struggle which you have been facing finding an internship. I have been very grateful to this platform where I wrote articles, gained internship from Hariyali via Internshala. It is not about earning always, it is all about gaining experience and facing struggles. Today, I do not have any internship or any job, and I am constantly applying to everywhere for earning atleast something. Life is a lot more difficult out there and only now, I realize what my parents had struggled during their time that today, they have succesful businesses. Internships and jobs require a lot of skills which we lack. I also would love to give you one suggestion. There are a lot of free certificate courses on stock markets, digital marketing, from many many websites. Start applying and learning through them. It is a great experience which none of the colleges will ever teach you. It will also add up to the resumes when you make them for applying to new jobs.

Internships have a very important role to play in our life. No matter how big or small an internship is, it will surely give us some experience about what the outer life is, how difficult it is to earn even small amounts. I feel it is a responsibility of every person who is of my age, 21, and who is either finishing their under graduation, to keep searching for good online courses and for good internships where your interests lie. Good online courses add up to your resumes, and so does good internships. It will give you the extra added advantage over others to fetch a good job when you apply for it. If college is able to provide you with good internships, it is one of the best ways to get one, I had applied to various companies from college, but due to low marks, or don’t know which criteria, could not fetch a good job or internship. But, from my own experience, I would like to say to you that no matter how big or small internship or job we get, whether in college or through acquintance or from anywhere we apply, just grab it, do not miss it and grab it to gain experience, it might give you wonders in the future.

Forest resources

Forest is an important natural resource.It is most important natural habitat for wild life.It is also utilized by farmers for commercial and recreational purposes.Many herbivores find shelter and carnivores their prey in the forest.Besides this,forest plays most important role from commercial point of view.Forest based cottage industries,such as bee keeping,bamboo mat and basket making provides small scale industry to the tribal people.Sal is a most important source for timber industries.It also provides raw materials for pulp and plywood industry.

Green plants of the forests are food producing organisms and are primary producers of the “food chain”.These foods are stored in the form of fruits,nuts,seeds,nectar and wood.Therefore,forest serves as an energy reservoir, trapping energy from sunlight and storing it in the form of a biochemical product.

Forest plays a most important role in keeping the atmospheric balance by consuming CO2 and releasing O2,the latter which is essential for animal life.So removal of plants and trees would disturb the composition of natural air.An acre of forest absorbs four tonnes of carbonic acid gas and recycles eight tonnes of oxygen into environment.

If a forest is cut down,energy stored in the wood is lost and also most of the nutrients of the system are lost.Such deforestation leaves a poor soil which can support agriculture for only a short time, because the harvesting of the first few crops removes the remaining nutrients and renders it useless.Deforestation causes soil erosion.

The reduction of forests later affects rainfall and thereby restricts the availability of a most important natural resource,the rain water.In natural forests,the tree roots bind the soil and about 90 percent of the water falling on the forests is retained either in humus or in the plant tissue.The forest thus acts as a soaking device and plays a vital role in the hydrological cycle.

Conservation of forests

Following measures should be adopted to conserve forests:

⭐A tree removed from the forest for any purpose must be replaced by a new tree.Thus tree felling should be matched by tree planting programmes as early as possible.

⭐ Afforestation should be done in areas unfit for agriculture,along highways and river banks around play grounds and parks.

⭐ Maximum economy should be observed in the use of timber and fuel wood minimising by the wastage.

⭐The use of firewood should be discouraged and alternative source of energy for cooking such as biogas,natural gas,etc.,should be made available.

⭐Forest should be protected from fire.Modern fire fighting equipment should be used to extinguish accidental forest fire.

⭐Pests and disease of forest trees should be controlled by fumigation and aerial spray of fungicides and through biological method of pest control.

The major Peninsular rivers of india:

Peninsular Rivers🌊🏞 :


Based on the direction of flow,the Peninsular rivers are divided into the west flowing and East flowing rivers.

East flowing rivers 🏞🌊:

Mahanadi🌊🏞 :

🌟It originates nera Sihawa in Raipur district of Chattisgarh and flows through Odisa.
🌟It’s length is 851km.
🌟Seonath, Telen,Sandra and Ib are its major tributaries.


🌟Paika, Birupa, Chitartala, Genguti and Nun are is distributaries.
🌟The Mahanadi empties its water in Bay of Bengal.

Godavari 🏞🌊:

🌟Godavari is the longest river(1,465 km) with an area of 3.13 lakh km^2 among the Peninsular rivers . It is also called Vridha Ganga.
🌟It flows through the states Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Purna, Penganga, Pranitha, Indravathu, Tal and Salami are its major tributaries.
🌟Kolleru, a fresh water lake is located in the deltaic region of the Godavari.

Krishna 🌊🏞:

🌟It Originates from a spring at a palace called Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra.
🌟It’s length is 1,400 km and an area of 2.58 lakh Sq km.
🌟Bhima, Peddavagu, Musi, Koyna and Thungabhadra are the major tributaries of this river.

Kaveri 🏞🌊:

🌟It originates at Talakaveri, Kudagu hills of Karnataka.
🌟It’s length is 800 km. The river Kaveri is called Dhakshin Ganga or Ganga of South.
🌟Harangi, Hemavati, Kabini, Bhavani, Arkavathy , Noyyal, Amaranthi etc are the main tributaries of the river Kaveri.
🌟In Karnataka the river bifurcates twice ,forming the sacred islands of Srirangapatnam and Sivasamudram.
🌟In Tamilnadu, it continues through a series of gorges until it reaches Hogenakkal Falls.

West flowing rivers🌊🏞 :

Narmada 🏞🌊:

🌟It rises in Amarkanatak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh at an elevation of about 1057m and flows for a distance of about 1,312km, it covers an area of 98,796 Sq km and forms 27 km long estuary.


🌟It is the largest among the west flowing rivers of Peninsular India.
🌟It’s principal tributaries are Burhner, Halon, Haran, Banjar, Dudhi, Shakkar, Tawa, Barna and Kolar.

Tapti🌊🏞 :

🌟It is one of the major rivers of Peninsular India with the length of about 724km and covers an area of 65,145 Sq km.
🌟It is one of only the three rivers in Peninsular India that rum from east to west – the others being the Narmada and the Mahi.


🌟The major tributaries are Vaki, Gomai, Arunavathi,Aner, Nesu, Buray, Panjhra and Bori.
🌟It outfalls into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Cambay.

power of pen

The curious mind of man invented various means to record his observations and experiences. As time progressed, alphabets of various languages came into existence and literature , was produced. One field on which the teachers would lay thrust was the art of writing beautifully and they would ensure that their students would master the art of flowing handwriting. So the students were required to write with a reed ‘kalam’ on wooden plank or takhti for as long as the first five years in the early years to master the art of calligraphy. They would invariably had to write something on their takhtis everyday and show it to the teacher to get appreciation as’good’. Contrary to all this, children these days are introduced to phones, computers, laptops as even before they are able to learn to speak clearly. As students reached the sixth class, they were allowed to use pen holders into which nibs could be inserted and students had to dip their pens into inkpot to write on their notebooks having four lines. It was followed by fountain pen which could hold ink but it too had one disadvantage. While refilling the pen, sometimes the ink would spoil the hands or smudge the paper .The spilled ink would, then be wiped out with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. The students were required to write cursive and fluent exercises, often on four lined pages for days and weeks with the result that as time passed, most of the students developed flowing handwriting with a distinctiveness of their own having proper length and space between the letters and the words. Then came the ball point pens and gel pens which did not require any bottle of ink for their use .So many people gravitated towards these pens for writing exercises or signing documents. One of the advantages of the ball point pens and gel pens is that they could be thrown out after use. When one writes on paper, there is something and personal comforting the mind and the soul. Thus, putting pen to the paper is a satisfying experience for the writer. One feels elated and uplifted to see his good handwriting. Writing letters in good and flowing handwriting using words pregnant with meaning was what every young man would  aspire to impress his beloved and friends. At school ,calligraphy competitions used to be organized frequently and those who wrote beautifully were honoured and profusely appreciated. But now a days, both young and the old are so busy in their phones, ipads, desktops/laptops that they have little time and inclination to write in ink. Most people don’t take pride in owning pens of internationally famous brands. They simply type messages on the phone and post them on the social sites.
But it must be remememberd that pen is not going to lose its importance. Taking time to write letters or invitation using a pen is relaxing and tactile process. With e-mail and text becoming the primary source of communication tool but emails may get overlooked or deleted without much thought but a well and beautifully written letter itself has power to demonstrate love, care, effort and time it took for the composer to write it. There is something in the act of pouring thoughts out on paper, the scritch-scratch of the fountain pen and the romantic blue, black, blue-black or green ink that covers the paper, which is quite personal. The intimate act of sitting down to write a letter to a friend as opposed to the gesture of sending an email, a text or a tweet transfers the communication into a more thoughtful and meticulous enterprise. The act of writing itself is cathartic and it requires a hard work to communicate and wrestle with ideas to form letters with greater attention to uniformity in look, shape, height etc of letters to  convey ideas.But in the wake of modern technology and texting of messages and emails, many people don’t use pen for purposes other than putting down their signatures on documents and elsewhere.But it must be remembered that pen is not going to lose its relevance in the times to come.Shorthand came and became obsolete; type writers met the same fate, similar may be the fate of desktops and laptops in the years to come as these gadgets may be replaced by some more advanced technological inventions but pen will continue to rule the world and prove that it is more powerful than all these things.All the people should  cultivate the habit of writing letters and messages in ink.Parents too should encourage their children to write’birthday’wishes and ‘thanks’ notes in flowing handwriting. We should also wish our relatives and friends by writing handwritten letters as sending a handwritten note conveys much more closeness than a typed one on the social sites can. It simply means sending a part of yourself to your friend or relatives.

Ratan Tata

One of the most well-known and respected industrialists in India, Ratan Naval Tata is the Chairman of Tata Sons and Tata Group. At the age of 73, Tata heads one of the country’s largest conglomerates which comprise nearly 100 firms with revenues totaling about USD 67 billion. He is also the chairman of major Tata companies such as Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Teleservices. Power, Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Tea, Tata Chemicals, and The Indian Hotels Company.

Tata was born on December 28, 1937 in Mumbai, in one of the richest families. His great grandfather was Jamsedji Tata, founder of the Tata group. As a young boy, Tata had a disturbed childhood after his parents split. He was raised by his grandmother, Lady Navajbai in the lap of luxury at Tata Palace. America held a special fascination for the Tata scion and he went to Cornell University to study architecture and structural engineering. Later he pursued a management course from Harvard University.

A member of a prominent family of Indian industrialists and philanthropists, he was educated at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, where he earned a B.S. (1962) in architecture before returning to work in India. He gained experience in a number of Tata Group businesses and was named director in charge (1971) of one of them, the National Radio and Electronics Co. He became chairman of Tata Industries a decade later and in 1991 succeeded his uncle, J.R.D. Tata, as chairman of the Tata Group.

Success is the best revenge, and  Ratan Tata is the best example of this line. Once upon a time, Tata group launched his car Tata Indicom in 1998, it was the dream project of Ratan Tata, and he gave a lot of hard work to establish this car, but Indica car fails in the market, and due to this car, TATA motors is in low profit. 

Ratan Tata partnership members give advice to Ratan Tata that he should sell his company to get lost money. Ratan Tata did not want to sell his company, but he has no other option left, so he goes to Ford company to sell his company. The headquarter of the Ford company is in America.

With Ford company  Ratan Tata and his partners meeting 3 hours. Ford company chairman William Clay Ford Jr. show rude behavior with Ratan Tata. He said to Ratan Tata that if you don’t have any knowledge of this business so why you invest so much money in this indigo car? We just to do a fever to buy your company. These lines hurt Ratan Tata very much, and he takes flight and comes back without selling his company. Ratan Tata does not forget what William Clay Ford Jr. said to him. After that, Ratan Tata decided that he would not sell his company to anyone.

Revenge took by Ratan Tata: Ratan Tata gives all his energy and hard work to stand Tata motor, and his hard work is a success. Tata motor cars selling very fast in the market and earn too much profit. On the other side, the Ford company is going in loss. At the end of 2018, Ford company is in the stage of shutting down. At this time, Ratan Tata proposes Ford company that he will buy  Ford luxury cars Jaguar and Range Rover and gave too much money for those cars. William clay ford is in huge loss due to these two cars Range Rover and Jaguar, and he will happily accept the proposed of Ratan Tata. William clay ford will go to the head office of  Ratan Tata company with his partners. The past is repeating the same, but the person and place are changed.

In a meeting, the owner of companies decided that 9300 crore rupees Jaguar and Range Rover, are part of the Tata motor company. At this time, William clay ford repeats the line that he says in the past with the few changes he says to Ratan Tata, you can give me a favor to buy Range Rover and Jaguar Cars.

Today Jaguar and Range Rover are part of the Tata motors company and grow with colossal profit day by day. If Ratan Tata wants to shut the mouth of William clay ford in the meeting as remembering his past, he will do it, but he doesn’t do that because Ratan Tata was not in the intoxication of success.

In year 2000, he was honored with Padma Bhushan by the government of India. He was also conferred an honorary doctorate in business administration by Ohio State University, an honorary doctorate in technology by the Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, and an honorary doctorate in science by the University of Warwick. Tata has a personal fortune of GBP 300 million and owns less than 1% of the colossal group. Over two thirds of Tata Group is owned by charitable trusts that finance good causes.

Tata set a perfect example of generosity and leadership during the 26/11 attacks. Unarmed he stood all alone outside the Taj hotel and supervised the activities to help the victims. He showcased his humane gesture by personally visiting the families of all the 80 employees who were killed or injured. He left no stone unturned to provide relief to the victims and even asked the families and dependents as to what they wanted him to do.

His also steered plan to provide cheap and clean drinking water and helped a few Pune-based designers develop a sub-Rs 1,000 water purifier, Swach. Design Directions Private Limited took more than three years to make this 560-mm unit for purifying water.

A bachelor in real life, Tata loves privacy and shuns media spotlight. He has only CDs, books and dogs for company. The business baron drives himself to work in an unremarkable Tata sedan.

Social Media

Social Media and Mental Health

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BE FREE LIKE THEM

Social media plays a very important role in shaping our mind, personality.

And talking about mental health, yes social media effects our mental health sometimes in positive and some times in negative ways. It all depend upon what you wish to see in social media.

It you follow negative people like the people who are always showing off and bragging about everything then they might effect you negatively so we should stay away from such people. We should be very careful in choosing what to follow and we should always keep a filter and grasp only positive things. Every one is different and if certain pages or account trigger you unfollow them or you can even mute them.

And in tern you should fill that void with positive content like following business pages they post very positive content which help you to grow mentally.

We should take of our mental health First then comes everything else. so if you wish to take a break from social media you can at any moment. frankly speaking nobody cares whether you are their or not they won’t even notice.so stop having FOMO and do it.